i

head

i (2nd class, 3rd person singular and plural, 1st class equivalent a'e)

Nheengatu: i

Gûyrá i porang

Aîkutuk


pe

pe (2nd class, 2nd person plural, dative peẽme /peẽmo, 1st class equivalent peẽ)

Coordinate term: (with 1st person subject) opo-

(with 2nd or 3rd person subject) objective of peẽ


xe

xe (2nd class, 1st person singular, dative xebe /xebo, 1st class equivalent ixé)

xebe (dative)
xebo (dative)
che (alternative obsolete)

Nheengatu: se

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡ʃe (“I, me”).
Cognates
* Anambé ha
* Apiaká si
* Aurá he
* Chané ‘tʃe
* Emerillon dʒe
* Guaraní che
* Kayabí je
* Urubú-Kaapor he
* Xetá će
* Xingú Asuriní dže


oré

head

oré (1st class, 1st person plural exclusive, dative orébe /orébo)


asé

asé (1st class, 3rd person indefinite, dative asébe /asébo)

M Setápe asé ñemongaraíbi?
D Aáni: ojepéñó osý suí asé séma jabé, akuéia jabé ojepéñó asé ñemongaraíbi.

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, “[Batismo]”, in [Doutrina Cristã]; republished as Armando Cardoso, compiler, Doutrina Cristã: Catecismo brasílico, volume 1, São Paulo: Loyola, 1992, →ISBN, page 202, line 19:

Master: Do the people baptize themselves many times?
Disciple: Not at all: the same way one is born only once from their mother, the same way one baptize themselves only once.

Acè cîramo bè, emonánámoe, / Xe cî acê eû, y xupê.

1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter IV, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], Livro Primeiro da Doctrina Christam (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 33v:

[She's] the people's mother too, that's why one says “my mother” to her.

indefinite pronoun, refering to humanity as a whole

Morauçubarecoçape
aceanga erejoçub
Eimoinge pai JEſV
nde membira xepigape

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, chapter XXVIII, in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], page 28v, lines 29–32; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 66:

Because you have mercy, you visit the people's souls. You make your son Lord Jesus enter in my heart.


ixé

Inherited from Old Tupi ixé, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *it͡ʃe

Ixé mira. Ixé asasá puranga.

Aé uputari uyuká ixé.

Aé umeẽ manungara ixé arama.

(first-class) first-person singular personal pronoun (I, me)


oro-

Ixé oroaûsub.

(with 1st person subject) objective of endé


îandé

îandé (1st class, 1st person plural inclusive, dative îandébe /îandébo)


abá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *aβa.
Cognate with Guaraní ava.

Abá peró supé onhe'eng.

The Indigenous folks talked to the Portuguese.

— Abá ra'yrape ûĩ?!
— Sé! Abá ra'yra, ipó...

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 48; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

— Whose sons are these?!
— No idea! Sons of Indigenous people, definitely...


endé

endé (1st class, 2nd person singular, dative endébe /endébo, 2nd class equivalent nde)

Nheengatu: indé (“you”)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *en-e (“you”), from Proto-Tupian *en (“you”).


a'e

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *aʔe (“he”).
Cognate with Guaraní ha’e.

Aimb. — Aepe que amboae?
ſarau. — Caraibebe çerã
co taba raroanete.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço) [At the Saint Lawrence Festival]” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], Niterói, page 66, lines 276-278; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 123:

Aîmbiré: What about the other one here?
Sarauaîa: Perhaps it's the true guardian angel of this village.


kó

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ko.
Cognate with Guaraní ko.


nde

(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Northern Ndebele.


peẽ

head

peẽ (1st class, 2nd person plural, dative peẽme /peẽmo, 2nd class equivalent pe)

Peẽ pegûapyk.


mba'e

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *maʔe. The euphemistic use for the penis is a semantic loan from Portuguese membro.
Cognate with Guaraní and Mbyá Guaraní mba'e.

provision; supply (food obtained for future use)


apó

tpw-verb

apó (first-person singular active indicative aîapó, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîapóî, noun apó) (transitive)

aîapó (active first-person indicative singular)
n'aîapóî (active first-person indicative negative singular)
apó (noun)
Causative
apoukar
Causative-comitative
eroapó
Reflexive
îeapó
-ba'e
oîapoba'e
emi-
emiapó
miapó
-pyr
-pyra
i apopyra
-sab
-saba
apoaba
aposaba
-sar
-sara
apoara
aposara
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
aîapó (active)
ereîapó (active)
oîapó (active)
oroîapó (active)
îaîapó (active)
peîapó (active)
Permissive (active)
t'aîapó (active)
t'ereîapó (active)
t'oîapó (active)
t'oroîapó (active)
t'îaîapó (active)
ta peîapó (active)
Imperative (active)
eîapó (active)
Negative indicative (active)
n'aîapóî (active)
n'ereîapóî (active)
n'oîapóî (active)
n'oroîapóî (active)
n'îaîapóî (active)
na peîapóî (active)
Negative permissive (active)
t'aîapó umẽ (active)
t'ereîapó umẽ (active)
t'oîapó umẽ (active)
t'oroîapó umẽ (active)
t'îaîapó umẽ (active)
ta peîapó umẽ (active)
Negative imperative (active)
eîapó umẽ (active)
peîapó umẽ (active)
Affirmative (infinitive)
apó (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
apoe'yma (infinitive)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe apóbo (gerund)
nde apóbo (gerund)
i apóbo (gerund)
oré apóbo (gerund)
îandé apóbo (gerund)
pe apóbo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe apoe'yma (gerund)
nde apoe'yma (gerund)
i apoe'yma (gerund)
oré apoe'yma (gerund)
îandé apoe'yma (gerund)
pe apoe'yma (gerund)
xe apóû (gerund)
i apóû (gerund)
oré apóû (gerund)
îandé apóû (gerund)
xe apoe'ymi (gerund)
i apoe'ymi (gerund)
oré apoe'ymi (gerund)
îandé apoe'ymi (gerund)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tapo.

M[estre:] Emonánamope Tupã jandé rúbypý arukángañé apóu semirekóramo?
D[iscipulo:] Emonánamo.

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, “[Matrimônio]”, in [Doutrina Cristã]; republished as Armando Cardoso, compiler, Doutrina Cristã: Catecismo brasílico, volume 1, São Paulo: Loyola, 1992, →ISBN, page 228, line 31:

Master: That's why God transformed our first father's rib in his wife?
Disciple: That's why.