non

From Late Latin nonnus (compare Italian nonno).


dar

dar (infinitive)
dend (gerund)
dau (participle past)
dun (first-person indicative present singular)
das (indicative present second-person singular)
dat (indicative present singular third-person)
dein (first-person indicative plural present)
deis (indicative plural present second-person)
dattan (indicative plural present third-person)
davel (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
davas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
dava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
davan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
davas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
davan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a dar (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a dar (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a dar (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a dar (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a dar (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a dar (future indicative plural third-person)
dass (conditional direct first-person present singular)
dasses (conditional direct present second-person singular)
dass (conditional direct present singular third-person)
dassen (conditional direct first-person plural present)
dasses (conditional direct plural present second-person)
dassen (conditional direct plural present third-person)
dassi (conditional first-person indirect present singular)
dassies (conditional indirect present second-person singular)
dassi (conditional indirect present singular third-person)
dassien (conditional first-person indirect plural present)
dassies (conditional indirect plural present second-person)
dassien (conditional indirect plural present third-person)
vegness a dar (conditional direct first-person future singular)
vegnesses a dar (conditional direct future second-person singular)
vegness a dar (conditional direct future singular third-person)
vegnessen a dar (conditional direct first-person future plural)
vegnesses a dar (conditional direct future plural second-person)
vegnessen a dar (conditional direct future plural third-person)
vegnessi a dar (conditional first-person future indirect singular)
vegnessies a dar (conditional future indirect second-person singular)
vegnessi a dar (conditional future indirect singular third-person)
vegnessien a dar (conditional first-person future indirect plural)
vegnessies a dar (conditional future indirect plural second-person)
vegnessien a dar (conditional future indirect plural third-person)
detti (first-person present singular subjunctive)
detties (present second-person singular subjunctive)
detti (present singular subjunctive third-person)
deien (first-person plural present subjunctive)
deies (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dettien (plural present subjunctive third-person)
davi (first-person past singular subjunctive)
davies (past second-person singular subjunctive)
davi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
davien (first-person past plural subjunctive)
davies (past plural second-person subjunctive)
davien (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vegni a dar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a dar (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a dar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a dar (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a dar (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a dar (future plural subjunctive third-person)
dai (imperative second-person singular)
dei (imperative plural second-person)
dar (infinitive)
dend (gerund)
dà (participle past)
dun (first-person indicative present singular)
das (indicative present second-person singular)
dat (indicative present singular third-person)
dain (first-person indicative plural present)
dais (indicative plural present second-person)
dattan (indicative plural present third-person)
deva (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
devas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
deva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
devan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
devas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
devan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a dar (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a dar (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a dar (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a dar (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a dar (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a dar (future indicative plural third-person)
dess (conditional first-person present singular)
desses (conditional present second-person singular)
dess (conditional present singular third-person)
dessen (conditional first-person plural present)
desses (conditional plural present second-person)
dessen (conditional plural present third-person)
vegness a dar (conditional first-person future singular)
vegnesses a dar (conditional future second-person singular)
vegness a dar (conditional future singular third-person)
vegnessen a dar (conditional first-person future plural)
vegnesses a dar (conditional future plural second-person)
vegnessen a dar (conditional future plural third-person)
dettia (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dettias (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dettia (present singular subjunctive third-person)
dettian (first-person plural present subjunctive)
dettias (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dettian (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vegni a dar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a dar (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a dar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a dar (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a dar (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a dar (future plural subjunctive third-person)
dà (imperative second-person singular)
dai (imperative plural second-person)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) to give


not

From Latin noctem, accusative of nox, from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts.


bap

From Late Latin *babbus. Compare Sardinian babbu.


fled

(Puter) Alternative form of flad (“breath (of air)”)


lain

From Latin lignum. Compare Ladin lën, Friulian len.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) wood


god

Of probable Germanic origin. Cognate with German Wald, German Low German Woold, Dutch woud, English wold).


pled

From or related to pledar. Cf. also Old French plait (“plea”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) word


said

From Latin sitis, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰítis (“perishing, decrease”).

der

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) thirst


ram

Germanic borrowing, ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *hramu (“frame”).


ir

ir (infinitive)
mond (gerund)
iu (participle past)
mon (first-person indicative present singular)
vas (indicative present second-person singular)
va (indicative present singular third-person)
mein (first-person indicative plural present)
meis (indicative plural present second-person)
van (indicative plural present third-person)
evel (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
evas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
evan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
evas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
evan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a ir (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a ir (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a ir (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a ir (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a ir (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a ir (future indicative plural third-person)
mass (conditional direct first-person present singular)
masses (conditional direct present second-person singular)
mass (conditional direct present singular third-person)
massen (conditional direct first-person plural present)
masses (conditional direct plural present second-person)
massen (conditional direct plural present third-person)
massi (conditional first-person indirect present singular)
massies (conditional indirect present second-person singular)
massi (conditional indirect present singular third-person)
massien (conditional first-person indirect plural present)
massies (conditional indirect plural present second-person)
massien (conditional indirect plural present third-person)
vegness a ir (conditional direct first-person future singular)
vegnesses a ir (conditional direct future second-person singular)
vegness a ir (conditional direct future singular third-person)
vegnessen a ir (conditional direct first-person future plural)
vegnesses a ir (conditional direct future plural second-person)
vegnessen a ir (conditional direct future plural third-person)
vegnessi a ir (conditional first-person future indirect singular)
vegnessies a ir (conditional future indirect second-person singular)
vegnessi a ir (conditional future indirect singular third-person)
vegnessien a ir (conditional first-person future indirect plural)
vegnessies a ir (conditional future indirect plural second-person)
vegnessien a ir (conditional future indirect plural third-person)
mondi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mondies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mondi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
meien (first-person plural present subjunctive)
meies (plural present second-person subjunctive)
mondien (plural present subjunctive third-person)
evi (first-person past singular subjunctive)
evies (past second-person singular subjunctive)
evi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
evien (first-person past plural subjunctive)
evies (past plural second-person subjunctive)
evien (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vegni a ir (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a ir (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a ir (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a ir (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a ir (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a ir (future plural subjunctive third-person)
va (imperative second-person singular)
mei (imperative plural second-person)
ir (infinitive)
giond (gerund)
ì (participle past)
vom (first-person indicative present singular)
vas (indicative present second-person singular)
va (indicative present singular third-person)
giain (first-person indicative plural present)
giais (indicative plural present second-person)
van (indicative plural present third-person)
gieva (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gievas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gieva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gievan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gievas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gievan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a ir (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a ir (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a ir (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a ir (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a ir (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a ir (future indicative plural third-person)
giess (conditional first-person present singular)
giesses (conditional present second-person singular)
giess (conditional present singular third-person)
giessen (conditional first-person plural present)
giesses (conditional plural present second-person)
giessen (conditional plural present third-person)
vegness a ir (conditional first-person future singular)
vegnesses a ir (conditional future second-person singular)
vegness a ir (conditional future singular third-person)
vegnessen a ir (conditional first-person future plural)
vegnesses a ir (conditional future plural second-person)
vegnessen a ir (conditional future plural third-person)
giaja (first-person present singular subjunctive)
giajas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
giaja (present singular subjunctive third-person)
giajan (first-person plural present subjunctive)
giajas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
giajan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vegni a ir (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a ir (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a ir (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a ir (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a ir (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a ir (future plural subjunctive third-person)
va (imperative second-person singular)
giai (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Latin īre. The forms beginning with /v/ derive from corresponding conjugations of vādere, and those beginning with /m/ presumably from meāre.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) go


bass

head

bass m (f bassa, m pl bass, f pl bassas)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) deep, low


set

From Latin septem, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) seven


pet

(Puter, Vallader, anatomy) chest, thorax


mer

From Latin mare, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.


testa

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) head


pair

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) pear


sel

From Latin sāl, sālem, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls.


via

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) road, street; way


vita

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) life


liger

rm-adj

liger m (feminine singular ligera, masculine plural ligers, feminine plural ligeras)

ligera (feminine singular)
ligers (masculine plural)
ligeras (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Old French legier, from Vulgar Latin *leviārius, from Classical Latin levis (“light; not heavy”). Compare French léger.


lingua

From Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”).

inh

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) language


fio

From Late Latin fīcātum (“liver”), from Latin iecur fīcātum (“fig-stuffed liver”).


dessert

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) dessert


distant

rm-adj

distant m (feminine singular distanta, masculine plural distants, feminine plural distantas)

distanta (feminine singular)
distants (masculine plural)
distantas (feminine plural)


anda

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) duck


tema

From Latin thema, from Ancient Greek θέμα (théma).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) subject, topic, theme


di

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) day


giacca

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) jacket


bellezza

From Vulgar Latin *bellitia, from Latin bellus. Compare Spanish belleza, Portuguese beleza, Occitan belesa, Catalan bellesa, Sicilian biddizza, Venetan bełézsa, Friulian bielece, Romansch baleztgia, Sardinian bellesa.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) beauty


manger

Borrowed from Old French mangier, from Latin mandūcō, manducāre.


terra

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter) country, land

(capitalized, proper noun, Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) the planet Earth


fer

Alternative form of far (“to do; to make”)


avaunt

From Late Latin ab ante, from Latin ab + ante, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“front, forehead”).


pais

From Vulgar Latin *pēsum, from Latin pēnsum.


trist

rm-adj

trist m (feminine singular trista, masculine plural trists, feminine plural tristas)

trista (feminine singular)
trists (masculine plural)
tristas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin trīstus, from Latin trīstis.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) sad


fin

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) until, till

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) by


fin

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) as far as


fin

fin m (feminine singular fina, masculine plural fins, feminine plural finas)

fina (feminine singular)
fins (masculine plural)
finas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) fine


fin

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) end


ur

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) edge, margins


farina

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) flour


grand

grand m (feminine singular granda, masculine plural grands, feminine plural grandas)

granda (feminine singular)
grands (masculine plural)
grandas (feminine plural)


lard

From Latin lārdum, lāridum (“bacon fat”).


fain

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) hay


temp

From Latin tempus, from Proto-Indo-European *tempos (“stretch”), from the root *temp- (“to stretch, string”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) time


magistra

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) female teacher


magister

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) male teacher


figlia

Inherited from Latin fīlia, from fīlius (“child, son”), from Old Latin fīlios, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁y-li-os (“sucker”), a derivation from the verbal root *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) daughter


render

From Late Latin rendere, from Latin reddere.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) to return, give back


ocha

From Vulgar Latin auca, contraction of *avica, from Classical Latin avis (“bird”).


ora

(Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) aura (“weather”)


plain

plain m (feminine singular plaina, masculine plural plains, feminine plural plainas)

plaina (feminine singular)
plains (masculine plural)
plainas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) full


rir

From Late Latin rīdere, from Latin rīdēre

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter) to laugh


milliard

(Puter, Vallader) milliard (a short scale billion).


vin

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) wine


psicologia

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter) psychology


balla

(sports, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) ball


turner

From Latin tornō, tornāre (“turn”), from tornus (“lathe”).


mardi

From Latin Mārtis diēs, variant of diēs Mārtis (“Tuesday”, literally “day of Mars”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) Tuesday


mardi

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) on Tuesday


cited

Inherited from Late Latin cīvitātem (“city”).


Spagna

From Latin Hispānia, from a Phoenician or Punic root.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter) Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


ses

From Latin sex (compare Spanish seis), from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


punt

From Latin pōns, pontem (compare Catalan pont, French pont, Italian ponte, Occitan pònt, Portuguese ponte, Spanish puente), from Proto-Indo-European *pont- (“path, road”).

der

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) bridge


chanter

(Puter) Alternative form of chantar (“to sing”)


sortir

From Latin sortīrī, probably influenced by surrectus (through a Vulgar Latin form *surctus and its derivatives, possibly through a verb *surrectīre, surctīre). Compare Italian sortire, French sortir.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) to exit


vista

From Vulgar Latin *visita, from Latin visa, feminine past participle of videō.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) view


geografia

From Latin geōgraphia, from Ancient Greek γεωγραφία (geōgraphía).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) geography


terrain

From Vulgar Latin *terranum, from Latin terrenum.


diamant

(mineralogy, gemstone, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) diamond


Rain

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) the Rhine (a river in Western Europe)


december

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) December


cupid

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) nap


mandel

Borrowed from German Mandel, from Old High German mandala, from Late Latin amygdala.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter) almond


hei

(Puter, Vallader) yes (used to indicate agreement with the speaker in a conversation)


ot

rm-adj

ot m (feminine singular ota, masculine plural ots, feminine plural otas)

ota (feminine singular)
ots (masculine plural)
otas (feminine plural)


ura

From Latin hōra (“hour”), from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “time, season, year”).

der

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) time, hour


pur

tlb

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter)

Of Germanic origin, cognate with German Bauer, Dutch boer.


nivel

(Puter) level (in an academic sense; for physical sense, see livel)


nes

From Latin nāsus, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.


bain

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) well

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) beautifully

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) yes (used to disagree with a negative statement)


barba

From Latin barba, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰ-eh₂- (compare English beard). Compare meaning of "uncle" to Friulian barbe, Italian barba, Dalmatian buarba.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) uncle


offrir

offrir (infinitive)
offrend (gerund)
offriu (participle past)
offreschel (first-person indicative present singular)
offreschas (indicative present second-person singular)
offrescha (indicative present singular third-person)
offrin (first-person indicative plural present)
offris (indicative plural present second-person)
offreschan (indicative plural present third-person)
offrevel (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
offrevas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
offreva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
offrevan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
offrevas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
offrevan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a offrir (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a offrir (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a offrir (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a offrir (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a offrir (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a offrir (future indicative plural third-person)
offress (conditional direct first-person present singular)
offresses (conditional direct present second-person singular)
offress (conditional direct present singular third-person)
offressen (conditional direct first-person plural present)
offresses (conditional direct plural present second-person)
offressen (conditional direct plural present third-person)
offressi (conditional first-person indirect present singular)
offressies (conditional indirect present second-person singular)
offressi (conditional indirect present singular third-person)
offressien (conditional first-person indirect plural present)
offressies (conditional indirect plural present second-person)
offressien (conditional indirect plural present third-person)
vegness a offrir (conditional direct first-person future singular)
vegnesses a offrir (conditional direct future second-person singular)
vegness a offrir (conditional direct future singular third-person)
vegnessen a offrir (conditional direct first-person future plural)
vegnesses a offrir (conditional direct future plural second-person)
vegnessen a offrir (conditional direct future plural third-person)
vegnessi a offrir (conditional first-person future indirect singular)
vegnessies a offrir (conditional future indirect second-person singular)
vegnessi a offrir (conditional future indirect singular third-person)
vegnessien a offrir (conditional first-person future indirect plural)
vegnessies a offrir (conditional future indirect plural second-person)
vegnessien a offrir (conditional future indirect plural third-person)
offreschi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
offreschies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
offreschi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
offrîen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
offrîes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
offreschien (plural present subjunctive third-person)
offrevi (first-person past singular subjunctive)
offrevies (past second-person singular subjunctive)
offrevi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
offrevien (first-person past plural subjunctive)
offrevies (past plural second-person subjunctive)
offrevien (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vegni a offrir (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a offrir (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a offrir (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a offrir (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a offrir (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a offrir (future plural subjunctive third-person)
offrescha (imperative second-person singular)
offri (imperative plural second-person)
offrir (infinitive)
offrind (gerund)
offrì (participle past)
offrida (participle past)
offr (first-person indicative present singular)
offresch (first-person indicative present singular)
offras (indicative present second-person singular)
offreschas (indicative present second-person singular)
offra (indicative present singular third-person)
offrescha (indicative present singular third-person)
offrain (first-person indicative plural present)
offrais (indicative plural present second-person)
offran (indicative plural present third-person)
offreschan (indicative plural present third-person)
offriva (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
offrivas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
offriva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
offrivan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
offrivas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
offrivan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a offrir (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a offrir (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a offrir (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a offrir (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a offrir (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a offrir (future indicative plural third-person)
offriss (conditional first-person present singular)
offrisses (conditional present second-person singular)
offriss (conditional present singular third-person)
offrissen (conditional first-person plural present)
offrisses (conditional plural present second-person)
offrissen (conditional plural present third-person)
vegness a offrir (conditional first-person future singular)
vegnesses a offrir (conditional future second-person singular)
vegness a offrir (conditional future singular third-person)
vegnessen a offrir (conditional first-person future plural)
vegnesses a offrir (conditional future plural second-person)
vegnessen a offrir (conditional future plural third-person)
offria (first-person present singular subjunctive)
offreschia (first-person present singular subjunctive)
offrias (present second-person singular subjunctive)
offreschias (present second-person singular subjunctive)
offria (present singular subjunctive third-person)
offreschia (present singular subjunctive third-person)
offrian (first-person plural present subjunctive)
offrias (plural present second-person subjunctive)
offrian (plural present subjunctive third-person)
offreschian (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vegni a offrir (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a offrir (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a offrir (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a offrir (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a offrir (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a offrir (future plural subjunctive third-person)
offra (imperative second-person singular)
offrescha (imperative second-person singular)
offri (imperative plural second-person)

From Vulgar Latin *offerīre, from Latin offerre.

(Sursilvan, Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to offer


ova

From Latin aqua, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekʷeh₂. Compare French eau, Piedmontese eva.


paun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter) bread


paun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter) loaf of bread


glista

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) list


simpel

rm-adj

simpel m (feminine singular simpla, masculine plural simpels, feminine plural simplas)

simpla (feminine singular)
simpels (masculine plural)
simplas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) simple, easy


esser

esser (infinitive)
essend (gerund)
stau (participle past)
sun (first-person indicative present singular)
eis (indicative present second-person singular)
ei (indicative present singular third-person)
essan (first-person indicative plural present)
essas (indicative plural present second-person)
ein (indicative plural present third-person)
erel (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fuvel (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
eras (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fuvas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
era (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fuva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
eran (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fuvan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
eras (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fuvas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
eran (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fuvan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a esser (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a esser (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a esser (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a esser (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a esser (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a esser (future indicative plural third-person)
fuss (conditional direct first-person present singular)
fusses (conditional direct present second-person singular)
fuss (conditional direct present singular third-person)
fussen (conditional direct first-person plural present)
fusses (conditional direct plural present second-person)
fussen (conditional direct plural present third-person)
fussi (conditional first-person indirect present singular)
fussies (conditional indirect present second-person singular)
fussi (conditional indirect present singular third-person)
fussien (conditional first-person indirect plural present)
fussies (conditional indirect plural present second-person)
fussien (conditional indirect plural present third-person)
vegness a esser (conditional direct first-person future singular)
vegnesses a esser (conditional direct future second-person singular)
vegness a esser (conditional direct future singular third-person)
vegnessen a esser (conditional direct first-person future plural)
vegnesses a esser (conditional direct future plural second-person)
vegnessen a esser (conditional direct future plural third-person)
vegnessi a esser (conditional first-person future indirect singular)
vegnessies a esser (conditional future indirect second-person singular)
vegnessi a esser (conditional future indirect singular third-person)
vegnessien a esser (conditional first-person future indirect plural)
vegnessies a esser (conditional future indirect plural second-person)
vegnessien a esser (conditional future indirect plural third-person)
seigi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
seigies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
seigi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
seigien (first-person plural present subjunctive)
seigies (plural present second-person subjunctive)
seigien (plural present subjunctive third-person)
eri (first-person past singular subjunctive)
fuvi (first-person past singular subjunctive)
eries (past second-person singular subjunctive)
fuvies (past second-person singular subjunctive)
eri (past singular subjunctive third-person)
fuvi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
erien (first-person past plural subjunctive)
fuvien (first-person past plural subjunctive)
eries (past plural second-person subjunctive)
fuvies (past plural second-person subjunctive)
erien (past plural subjunctive third-person)
fuvien (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vegni a esser (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a esser (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a esser (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a esser (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a esser (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a esser (future plural subjunctive third-person)
seigies (imperative second-person singular)
seigies (imperative plural second-person)
esser (infinitive)
essend (gerund)
siond (gerund)
stà (participle past)
sun (first-person indicative present singular)
es (indicative present second-person singular)
è (indicative present singular third-person)
essan (first-person indicative plural present)
essas (indicative plural present second-person)
èn (indicative plural present third-person)
era (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
eras (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
era (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
eran (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
eras (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
eran (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a esser (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a esser (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a esser (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a esser (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a esser (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a esser (future indicative plural third-person)
fiss (conditional first-person present singular)
fisses (conditional present second-person singular)
fiss (conditional present singular third-person)
fissen (conditional first-person plural present)
fisses (conditional plural present second-person)
fissen (conditional plural present third-person)
vegness a esser (conditional first-person future singular)
vegnesses a esser (conditional future second-person singular)
vegness a esser (conditional future singular third-person)
vegnessen a esser (conditional first-person future plural)
vegnesses a esser (conditional future plural second-person)
vegnessen a esser (conditional future plural third-person)
saja (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sajas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
saja (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sajan (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sajas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sajan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vegni a esser (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a esser (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a esser (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a esser (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a esser (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a esser (future plural subjunctive third-person)
sajas (imperative second-person singular)
sajas (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.

inh+

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) to be


guardar

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to look, look at, watch


öv

(Puter, Vallader) Alternative form of ov (“egg”)


serp

From Vulgar Latin *serpes, from Latin serpēns.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) snake


mellan

rm-adj

mellan m (feminine singular melna, masculine plural mellans, feminine plural melnas)

melna (feminine singular)
mellans (masculine plural)
melnas (feminine plural)


alv

alv m (feminine singular alva, masculine plural alvs, feminine plural alvas)

alva (feminine singular)
alvs (masculine plural)
alvas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter) white


agenzia

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) agency


sua

From Vulgar Latin, Late Latin soca. Compare Friulian soe, Venetan soga, Albanian shokë, French suage, Spanish and Portuguese soga.


larg

larg m (feminine singular largia, masculine plural largs, feminine plural largias)

largia (feminine singular)
largs (masculine plural)
largias (feminine plural)


noter

From Latin notō, notāre (“write remarks or notes”), from nota (“mark, sign”).


daint

From Latin dēns, dentem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dénts, *h₃dónts.

(anatomy, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) tooth


sech

rm-adj

sech m (feminine singular secha, masculine plural sechs, feminine plural sechas)

secha (feminine singular)
sechs (masculine plural)
sechas (feminine plural)


lia

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) league


plazza

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) place, position

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) job, employment

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) place, square


avrir

From Latin aperiō, aperire (compare French ouvrir, Friulian avierzi).


sortida

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) exit


giuvna

head

giuvna f (m. giuven, f. pl. giuvnas, m. pl. giuvens)

giuven (masculine)
giuvnas (feminine plural)
giuvens (masculine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) young


giuvna

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) girl, youth, young woman


giuven

rm-adj

giuven m (feminine singular giuvna, masculine plural giuvens, feminine plural giuvnas)

giuvna (feminine singular)
giuvens (masculine plural)
giuvnas (feminine plural)


giuven

rm-noun

giuven m (plural giuvens; feminine giuvna, plural giuvnas)

giuvens (plural)
giuvna (feminine)
giuvnas (plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) boy, youth, young man


aram

(Puter) Alternative form of arom (“copper”)


pitschen

rm-adj

pitschen m (feminine singular pitschna, masculine plural pitschens, feminine plural pitschnas)

pitschna (feminine singular)
pitschens (masculine plural)
pitschnas (feminine plural)

From Late Latin pitinnus (compare French petit, from Gallo-Romance *pitittus).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) small


serrar

From Late Latin serāre, from Latin sera (“bolt, cross-bar”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) to close


oliva

(Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) olive (fruit)


contemplar

contemplar (infinitive)
contemplond (gerund)
contemplau (participle past)
contemplel (first-person indicative present singular)
contemplas (indicative present second-person singular)
contempla (indicative present singular third-person)
contemplein (first-person indicative plural present)
contempleis (indicative plural present second-person)
contemplan (indicative plural present third-person)
contemplavel (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
contemplavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
contemplava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
contemplavan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
contemplavas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
contemplavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a contemplar (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a contemplar (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a contemplar (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a contemplar (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a contemplar (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a contemplar (future indicative plural third-person)
contemplass (conditional direct first-person present singular)
contemplasses (conditional direct present second-person singular)
contemplass (conditional direct present singular third-person)
contemplassen (conditional direct first-person plural present)
contemplasses (conditional direct plural present second-person)
contemplassen (conditional direct plural present third-person)
contemplassi (conditional first-person indirect present singular)
contemplassies (conditional indirect present second-person singular)
contemplassi (conditional indirect present singular third-person)
contemplassien (conditional first-person indirect plural present)
contemplassies (conditional indirect plural present second-person)
contemplassien (conditional indirect plural present third-person)
vegness a contemplar (conditional direct first-person future singular)
vegnesses a contemplar (conditional direct future second-person singular)
vegness a contemplar (conditional direct future singular third-person)
vegnessen a contemplar (conditional direct first-person future plural)
vegnesses a contemplar (conditional direct future plural second-person)
vegnessen a contemplar (conditional direct future plural third-person)
vegnessi a contemplar (conditional first-person future indirect singular)
vegnessies a contemplar (conditional future indirect second-person singular)
vegnessi a contemplar (conditional future indirect singular third-person)
vegnessien a contemplar (conditional first-person future indirect plural)
vegnessies a contemplar (conditional future indirect plural second-person)
vegnessien a contemplar (conditional future indirect plural third-person)
contempli (first-person present singular subjunctive)
contemplies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
contempli (present singular subjunctive third-person)
contempleien (first-person plural present subjunctive)
contempleies (plural present second-person subjunctive)
contemplien (plural present subjunctive third-person)
contemplavi (first-person past singular subjunctive)
contemplavies (past second-person singular subjunctive)
contemplavi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
contemplavien (first-person past plural subjunctive)
contemplavies (past plural second-person subjunctive)
contemplavien (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vegni a contemplar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a contemplar (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a contemplar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a contemplar (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a contemplar (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a contemplar (future plural subjunctive third-person)
contempla (imperative second-person singular)
contemplei (imperative plural second-person)
contemplar (infinitive)
contemplond (gerund)
contemplà (participle past)
contemplada (participle past)
contempl (first-person indicative present singular)
contemplel (first-person indicative present singular)
contemplas (indicative present second-person singular)
contempla (indicative present singular third-person)
contemplain (first-person indicative plural present)
contemplais (indicative plural present second-person)
contemplan (indicative plural present third-person)
contemplava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
contemplavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
contemplava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
contemplavan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
contemplavas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
contemplavan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a contemplar (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a contemplar (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a contemplar (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a contemplar (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a contemplar (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a contemplar (future indicative plural third-person)
contemplass (conditional first-person present singular)
contemplasses (conditional present second-person singular)
contemplass (conditional present singular third-person)
contemplassen (conditional first-person plural present)
contemplasses (conditional plural present second-person)
contemplassen (conditional plural present third-person)
vegness a contemplar (conditional first-person future singular)
vegnesses a contemplar (conditional future second-person singular)
vegness a contemplar (conditional future singular third-person)
vegnessen a contemplar (conditional first-person future plural)
vegnesses a contemplar (conditional future plural second-person)
vegnessen a contemplar (conditional future plural third-person)
contemplia (first-person present singular subjunctive)
contemplias (present second-person singular subjunctive)
contemplia (present singular subjunctive third-person)
contemplian (first-person plural present subjunctive)
contemplias (plural present second-person subjunctive)
contemplian (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vegni a contemplar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a contemplar (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a contemplar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a contemplar (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a contemplar (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a contemplar (future plural subjunctive third-person)
contempla (imperative second-person singular)
contemplai (imperative plural second-person)

(Sursilvan, Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) to contemplate

(Sursilvan, Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) to observe


matrimoni

From Latin mātrimōnium, from māter (“mother”).


cho

Inherited from Vulgar Latin capus, masculinization of Latin caput.


stoffa

(textiles, Puter, Vallader) material, textile, canvas


diarrea

Borrowed from Late Latin diarrhoea, from Ancient Greek διάρροια (diárrhoia, “through-flowing”), from διά (diá, “through”) + ῥέω (rhéō, “I flow”).

der

(medicine, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) diarrhea


taglia

(anatomy, Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter) waist


fastidi

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) headache, worry, concern


tuot

From Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Latin tōtus.


telefonar

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) to telephone, call


pavun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) peacock


camarada

(Puter, Vallader) female friend, companion, comrade


sper

rm-adj

sper m (feminine singular spera, masculine plural spers, feminine plural speras)

spera (feminine singular)
spers (masculine plural)
speras (feminine plural)


rizza

(Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus)


aua

From Latin aqua, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekʷeh₂.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter) water


figl

From Latin fīlius (compare Occitan filh), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁y-li-os (“sucker”), a derivation from the verbal root *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) son


launa

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter) wool


savun

From Latin sāpōnem, accusative singular of sāpō, from Proto-Germanic *saipǭ.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) soap


agentura

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) agency


pudair

pudair (infinitive)
pudend (gerund)
pudì (masculine participle past)
pudidas (feminine participle past)
pudids (masculine participle past plural)
pudidas (feminine participle past plural)
poss (indicative present singular)
pos (indicative present second-person singular)
po (indicative present singular)
pudain (first-person indicative plural present)
pudais (indicative plural present second-person)
pon (indicative plural present third-person)
pudeva (imperfect indicative singular)
pudevas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pudevan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pudevas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pudevan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pudess (conditional indicative singular)
pudessas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
pudessan (conditional first-person indicative plural)
pudessas (conditional indicative plural second-person)
pudessan (conditional indicative plural third-person)
possia (singular subjunctive)
possias (second-person singular subjunctive)
possian (first-person plural subjunctive)
possias (plural second-person subjunctive)
possian (plural subjunctive third-person)

From Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

pos ti nudar?

jau poss nudar

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to be able (to)


quatter

From Latin quattuor, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) four


trais

From Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) three


guitarrista

(music, Puter, Vallader) (female) guitarist


pesant

pesant m (feminine singular pesanta, masculine plural pesants, feminine plural pesantas)

pesanta (feminine singular)
pesants (masculine plural)
pesantas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) heavy


naiv

From Latin nivem, the accusative form of nix (“snow”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) snow


nair

nair m (feminine singular naira, masculine plural nairs, feminine plural nairas)

naira (feminine singular)
nairs (masculine plural)
nairas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) black


curtin

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) garden, orchard


murir

murir (infinitive)
murind (gerund)
mort (participle past)
mor (indicative present singular)
moras (indicative present second-person singular)
mora (indicative present singular)
murin (first-person indicative plural present)
muris (indicative plural present second-person)
moran (indicative plural present third-person)
muriva (imperfect indicative singular)
murivas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
murivan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
murivas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
murivan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
muriss (conditional indicative singular)
murissas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
murissan (conditional first-person indicative plural)
murissas (conditional indicative plural second-person)
murissan (conditional indicative plural third-person)
moria (singular subjunctive)
morias (second-person singular subjunctive)
morian (first-person plural subjunctive)
morias (plural second-person subjunctive)
morian (plural subjunctive third-person)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) to die


favella

From Latin fabella, diminutive of fābula, or from a derivative of Vulgar Latin *fabellāre.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader, poetic) language


surviver

From Late Latin supervīvō, supervīvere (“outlive; survive”), from Latin super (“over”) + vīvō, vīvere (“live”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) to survive


unic

unic m (feminine singular unica, masculine plural unics, feminine plural unicas)

unica (feminine singular)
unics (masculine plural)
unicas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) single


cigaretta

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) cigarette


duos

From Latin duōs, masculine accusative of duo.


calculer

From Latin calculō, calculāre (“calculate”), from calculus (“pebble”), diminutive of calx (“limestone”), from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”).


udir

udir (infinitive)
udend (gerund)
udiu (participle past)
audel (first-person indicative present singular)
audas (indicative present second-person singular)
auda (indicative present singular third-person)
udin (first-person indicative plural present)
udis (indicative plural present second-person)
audan (indicative plural present third-person)
udevel (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
udevas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
udeva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
udevan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
udevas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
udevan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a udir (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a udir (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a udir (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a udir (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a udir (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a udir (future indicative plural third-person)
udess (conditional direct first-person present singular)
udesses (conditional direct present second-person singular)
udess (conditional direct present singular third-person)
udessen (conditional direct first-person plural present)
udesses (conditional direct plural present second-person)
udessen (conditional direct plural present third-person)
udessi (conditional first-person indirect present singular)
udessies (conditional indirect present second-person singular)
udessi (conditional indirect present singular third-person)
udessien (conditional first-person indirect plural present)
udessies (conditional indirect plural present second-person)
udessien (conditional indirect plural present third-person)
vegness a udir (conditional direct first-person future singular)
vegnesses a udir (conditional direct future second-person singular)
vegness a udir (conditional direct future singular third-person)
vegnessen a udir (conditional direct first-person future plural)
vegnesses a udir (conditional direct future plural second-person)
vegnessen a udir (conditional direct future plural third-person)
vegnessi a udir (conditional first-person future indirect singular)
vegnessies a udir (conditional future indirect second-person singular)
vegnessi a udir (conditional future indirect singular third-person)
vegnessien a udir (conditional first-person future indirect plural)
vegnessies a udir (conditional future indirect plural second-person)
vegnessien a udir (conditional future indirect plural third-person)
audi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
audies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
audi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
udîen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
udîes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
audien (plural present subjunctive third-person)
udevi (first-person past singular subjunctive)
udevies (past second-person singular subjunctive)
udevi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
udevien (first-person past plural subjunctive)
udevies (past plural second-person subjunctive)
udevien (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vegni a udir (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a udir (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a udir (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a udir (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a udir (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a udir (future plural subjunctive third-person)
auda (imperative second-person singular)
udi (imperative plural second-person)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter) to hear


nuder

(Puter) Alternative form of nudar (“to swim”)


nuder

(Puter) Alternative form of nudar (“swimming”)


pè

From Latin pēs (“foot”), from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.


ungla

From Vulgar Latin *ungla, from Latin ungula.

(anatomy, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) nail


frizza

Ultimately from Vulgar Latin *fleccia, likely borrowed via Old French fleche.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) arrow


tenent

(military, Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) lieutenant


durmir

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) to sleep


returner

From Medieval Latin retornare (“to turn back”), from Latin re- + tornō, tornāre (“turn”), from tornus (“lathe”).


spagnoletta

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) peanut


restituir

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) to return, give back


Lucerna

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) Lucerne (the capital city of the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) Lucerne (a canton of Switzerland)


dret

From Late Latin drictus, from Latin dīrectus.


dret

rm-adj

dret m (feminine singular dretta, masculine plural drets, feminine plural drettas)

dretta (feminine singular)
drets (masculine plural)
drettas (feminine plural)


organisaziun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) organization


vulair

vulair (infinitive)
vulend (gerund)
vulì (participle past)
vi (indicative present singular)
vuls (indicative present second-person singular)
vul (indicative present singular)
vulain (first-person indicative plural present)
vulais (indicative plural present second-person)
vulan (indicative plural present)
vuleva (imperfect indicative singular)
vulevas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vulevan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vulevas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vulevan (imperfect indicative plural)
vuless (conditional indicative singular)
vulessas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
vulessan (conditional first-person indicative plural)
vulessas (conditional indicative plural second-person)
vulessan (conditional indicative plural)
veglia (present singular subjunctive)
veglias (present second-person singular subjunctive)
veglian (first-person plural present subjunctive)
veglias (plural present second-person subjunctive)
veglian (plural present subjunctive)
veglias (imperative second-person singular)
veglias (imperative plural second-person)
na veglias betg (imperative negative second-person singular)
na veglias betg (imperative negative plural second-person)

From Vulgar Latin volēre, regularized from Latin velle.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to want


chambra

From Latin camera, from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára, “vaulted chamber”).


cler

rm-adj

cler m (feminine singular clera, masculine plural clers, feminine plural cleras)

clera (feminine singular)
clers (masculine plural)
cleras (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) clear, light

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) light-coloured, fair


spiert

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) ghost


cuvrir

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter) to cover (over)


flurir

flurir (infinitive)
flurend (gerund)
fluriu (participle past)
flureschel (first-person indicative present singular)
flureschas (indicative present second-person singular)
flurescha (indicative present singular third-person)
flurin (first-person indicative plural present)
fluris (indicative plural present second-person)
flureschan (indicative plural present third-person)
flurevel (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
flurevas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
flureva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
flurevan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
flurevas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
flurevan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vegnel a flurir (first-person future indicative singular)
vegns a flurir (future indicative second-person singular)
vegn a flurir (future indicative singular third-person)
vegnin a flurir (first-person future indicative plural)
vegnis a flurir (future indicative plural second-person)
vegnan a flurir (future indicative plural third-person)
fluress (conditional direct first-person present singular)
fluresses (conditional direct present second-person singular)
fluress (conditional direct present singular third-person)
fluressen (conditional direct first-person plural present)
fluresses (conditional direct plural present second-person)
fluressen (conditional direct plural present third-person)
fluressi (conditional first-person indirect present singular)
fluressies (conditional indirect present second-person singular)
fluressi (conditional indirect present singular third-person)
fluressien (conditional first-person indirect plural present)
fluressies (conditional indirect plural present second-person)
fluressien (conditional indirect plural present third-person)
vegness a flurir (conditional direct first-person future singular)
vegnesses a flurir (conditional direct future second-person singular)
vegness a flurir (conditional direct future singular third-person)
vegnessen a flurir (conditional direct first-person future plural)
vegnesses a flurir (conditional direct future plural second-person)
vegnessen a flurir (conditional direct future plural third-person)
vegnessi a flurir (conditional first-person future indirect singular)
vegnessies a flurir (conditional future indirect second-person singular)
vegnessi a flurir (conditional future indirect singular third-person)
vegnessien a flurir (conditional first-person future indirect plural)
vegnessies a flurir (conditional future indirect plural second-person)
vegnessien a flurir (conditional future indirect plural third-person)
flureschi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
flureschies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
flureschi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
flurîen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
flurîes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
flureschien (plural present subjunctive third-person)
flurevi (first-person past singular subjunctive)
flurevies (past second-person singular subjunctive)
flurevi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
flurevien (first-person past plural subjunctive)
flurevies (past plural second-person subjunctive)
flurevien (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vegni a flurir (first-person future singular subjunctive)
vegnies a flurir (future second-person singular subjunctive)
vegni a flurir (future singular subjunctive third-person)
vegnîen a flurir (first-person future plural subjunctive)
vegnîes a flurir (future plural second-person subjunctive)
vegnien a flurir (future plural subjunctive third-person)
flurescha (imperative second-person singular)
fluri (imperative plural second-person)

From Late Latin flōrīre, from Latin flōrēre.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) to blossom, flower, bloom


verd

verd m (feminine singular verda, masculine plural verds, feminine plural verdas)

verda (feminine singular)
verds (masculine plural)
verdas (feminine plural)

From Vulgar Latin virdis, syncopated from Classical Latin viridis. Compare Italian verde.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) green


calculatur

(Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader, uncommon) computer


amia

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) (female) friend, girlfriend


giat

From Late Latin cattus. Compare Friulian gjat.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) cat


pesch

Inherited from Latin piscem, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) fish


giatta

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) female cat


utschè

From Late Latin aucellus m (“little bird”), a diminutive ultimately based on Latin avis f (“bird”). Compare Friulian uciel.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) bird


signur

From Latin senior, seniōrem (“elder”) (compare Italian signore, Spanish señor), comparative form of senex (“old”), from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“told”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) gentleman, Mr.


muntagna

(Puter, geography) Alternative form of muntogna (“mountain, peak”)


falcun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) falcon


collavuratura

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) female associate, colleague


collavuratur

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) (male) associate, colleague


avuost

From Vulgar Latin agustus, from Latin augustus.


paiver

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) pepper


schner

From Vulgar Latin ienuārius, from Latin Iānuārius (“of January”).


favrer

From Late Latin Febrārius, from Latin Februārius (“of February”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) February


avrigl

From Latin Aprīlis (“of the month of April”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) April


lügl

From Latin iūlius (“of July”), through a process of dissimilation; compare Friulian Lui, Venetan lujo, Italian luglio.


charn

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) meat


vacha

From Latin vacca, from Proto-Indo-European *woḱéh₂.


biera

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) beer, ale


settember

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) September


argient

From Latin argentum, from Proto-Italic *argentom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm, from *h₂erǵ- (“white”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) silver


cudesch

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) book


cotschen

cotschen class otschna (feminine singular cotschena, masculine plural cotschens, feminine plural cotschenas)

cotschen class otschna (canonical)
cotschena (feminine singular)
cotschens (masculine plural)
cotschenas (feminine plural)

From Latin coccinus. Compare Ladin cueciun.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) red


dumengia

tlb

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader)

Inherited from Late Latin [diēs] Dominica (literally “day of the Lord”).


gövgia

From Latin Jovis dies or Iovis dies < dies Iovis.


giast

From a Germanic source, akin to German Gast, Old High German gast.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) guest


vusch

From Latin vōcem, accusative singular of vōx.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) voice


tschuetta

Borrowed from French chouette, from Old French çuete, diminutive of choë, cauwe, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kawō, from Proto-Indo-European *geh₁(y)- (“sing”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) owl


liun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) lion


liun

(astronomy, astrology, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) Leo


Pajais Bass

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


saida

From Latin sēta, saeta (compare French soie).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) silk


verm

From Latin vermis, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) worm


venderdi

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) Friday


venderdi

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) on Friday


saira

From Late Latin sēra, from ellipsis of Latin sēra dies, from sērus (“late”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) evening


leiv

From Latin labium, from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”).


pajais

From Vulgar Latin *pagenses, from Late Latin pāgēnsis (“inhabitant of a district”), from Latin pāgus (“village; district”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) country, land


Cipra

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


nüvla

Probably from Latin nūbila, noun use of the feminine of nūbilus (“cloudy”), from nūbes. Compare Italian nuvola, Lombard nivola, nugra, Venetan nùvoła, Emilian nóvvla, Ladin nigola.


marangun

rm-noun

marangun m (plural maranguns; feminine maranguna, plural marangunas)

maranguns (plural)
maranguna (feminine)
marangunas (plural)

From Venetan marangon (“carpenter”), from a Medieval Latin development of Latin mergus (“diver, loon”); see there for more.


livel

(Puter) level (in a physical sense; for academic sense, see nivel)


sajetta

From Latin sagitta. Compare Friulian saete, Ladin saëta, sita, Italian saetta, Istriot sàita, Venetan sita, saéta.


bös-ch

head

bös-ch m (plural bös-chs, collective bös-cha)


bês-ch

bês-ch m (plural bês-chs, collective bês-cha)


munaida

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) money, small change


marculdi

From Latin Mercuriī diēs, variant of diēs Mercuriī (“day of Mercury”).


uorsa

From Latin ursa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”).


tössi

From Latin toxicum, from Ancient Greek τοξικόν (toxikón).


uors

Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *orssos
Latin ursus
Romansch uors
Inherited from Latin ursus, from Proto-Italic *orssos.


temma

Related to tmair. Compare Italian tema, Romanian teamă.


mür

(Puter, Vallader) Alternative form of mir (“exterior wall”)


mür

head

mür f (plural müers, (Puter and Vallader) or mürs, (Vallader only))

müers (plural)
or mürs (Puter Vallander)

(Puter, Vallader) Alternative form of mieur (“mouse”)


religiun

Borrowed from Latin religiō, religiōnem.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) religion


iffaunt sulet

iffaunt sulet m (plural iffaunts sulets)


sulet

rm-adj

sulet m (feminine singular suletta, masculine plural sulets, feminine plural sulettas)

suletta (feminine singular)
sulets (masculine plural)
sulettas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) alone

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) single


dutsch

dutsch m (feminine singular dutscha, masculine plural dutschs, feminine plural dutschas)

dutscha (feminine singular)
dutschs (masculine plural)
dutschas (feminine plural)

(Puter, Vallader) Alternative form of dultsch (“sweet”)


öss

From Latin ossum, popular variant of os.


ragisch

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) root


tschiguolla

From Late Latin cēpulla, diminutive of Latin cēpa.


dutscharias

(Puter, Vallader) candy, sweets, confectionery


schnuogl

From Late Latin genuculum, alteration of Latin geniculum, diminutive of genū (“knee”).


pür

pür m (feminine singular püra, masculine plural pürs, feminine plural püras)

püra (feminine singular)
pürs (masculine plural)
püras (feminine plural)


schimgia

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) monkey


vdella

From Late Latin vitella, diminutive of Latin vitula.


raig

From Latin rēx, rēgem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).


prüna

From Vulgar Latin *prūna, feminine singular formed from the neutral plural of Latin prūnum.


mandla

Borrowed from Old High German mandala, from Late Latin amygdala.

(Surmiran, Puter, Vallader, anatomy) tonsil


quintar

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) to reckon


stagiun ota

(Puter, Vallader) high season, peak season


stagiun

Ultimately from Latin statio, stationem, whence also Italian stagione and stazione

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) season


stagiun bassa

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) low season


stagiun morta

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter) low season


ardöffel

Cognate to Italian tartufo, influenced in form by German Erdapfel.


paschaivel

rm-adj

paschaivel m (feminine singular paschaivla, masculine plural paschaivels, feminine plural paschaivlas)

paschaivla (feminine singular)
paschaivels (masculine plural)
paschaivlas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) peaceful


pêsch

From Latin pācem, accusative singular of pāx.


paraid

From Late Latin parētem, from Latin parietem m.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) (internal) wall

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) rock face


sablun

From Late Latin sablō, sablōnem, from Latin sabulō, sabulōnem. Compare French sablon.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) sand


giunfra

(Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) young lady, Miss


curtè

From Latin cultellus, diminutive of culter (“knife, blade of a plough”).


nusch

From Latin nucem, accusative singular of nux.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) nut, walnut


nitschoula

From Vulgar Latin *nuceola, from Latin nux. Compare Italian nocciola, Venetan noxeła, Friulian nole, nosele, Sicilian nuzzola; cf. also French noisette.


mantun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) pile, lot, quantity


mintun

From Vulgar Latin *mentō (accusative *mentōnem), from Classical Latin mentum. Compare French menton.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader, anatomy) chin


chascha

Derived from Latin capsa, possibly via Occitan on account of the palatal outcome of /-pj-/.


chaista

From Latin cista, from Ancient Greek κίστη (kístē).


gulacotschen

(Puter, Vallader) robin (Erithacus rubecula)


tschingallegra

rm-noun

tschingallegra f (plural tschingallegras)


blovaint

rm-adj

blovaint m (feminine singular blovainta, masculine plural blovaints, feminine plural blovaintas)

blovainta (feminine singular)
blovaints (masculine plural)
blovaintas (feminine plural)

(Sutsilvan, Puter) bluish (having a blue tint or hue)


blov

blov m (feminine singular blova, masculine plural blovs, feminine plural blovas)

blova (feminine singular)
blovs (masculine plural)
blovas (feminine plural)

From Late Latin blāvus, from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz.


bainschi

(Puter, Vallader) yes (used to disagree with a negative statement. Comparable with German doch.)


bainschi hei

(Puter, Vallader) yes (used to disagree with a negative statement)


brün

brün m (feminine singular brüna, masculine plural brüns, feminine plural brünas)

brüna (feminine singular)
brüns (masculine plural)
brünas (feminine plural)

From a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“shining, brown”).


aviert

rm-adj

aviert m (feminine singular avierta, masculine plural avierts, feminine plural aviertas)

avierta (feminine singular)
avierts (masculine plural)
aviertas (feminine plural)


schi

(Puter, Vallader) yes (used to indicate agreement with a positive statement)


bagn

Inherited from Latin baneum, variant of Latin balneum.


lavurar

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to work


chastlaun

(Puter) steward, governor, overseer, sheriff, bailiff, administrator


dschember

From *gimberu, from Raetic *𐌊𐌉𐌌𐌓𐌖 (*kimru, *gimru).

(Puter, Vallader) arolla pine, Pinus cembra


zarcler

(Puter) Alternative form of zerclar (“to weed”)


spedir

(Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader, Puter, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) to send


oter

oter m (feminine singular otra, masculine plural oters, feminine plural otras)

otra (feminine singular)
oters (masculine plural)
otras (feminine plural)

From Latin alter, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élteros (“the other of two”).

inh

(Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) other


dür

rm-adj

dür m (feminine singular düra, masculine plural dürs, feminine plural düras)

düra (feminine singular)
dürs (masculine plural)
düras (feminine plural)


ögl

From Vulgar Latin oclus, from Latin oculus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”).


spler

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) butterfly, moth


camarad

(Puter, Vallader) friend, companion, comrade


cumpagna

(Puter) female friend, companion, comrade


atschel

From Late Latin aciāle, aciārium, from Latin aciēs. Compare Friulian açâr, açâl, Venetan açal, Italian acciaio, Catalan acer, French acier, Galician aceiro, Occitan acièr, Portuguese aço, Sicilian azzaru, Spanish acero.


arvagl

head

arvagl m (plural arvagls, collective arvaglia)

Cognate to Portuguese ervilha (“pea”), Spanish arveja (“vetch, pea”).


gillina

From Latin gallīna, from gallus (“rooster”).


chagna

From Vulgar Latin *cania, from Latin canis.


chaschöl

From Latin cāseolus, a diminutive of cāseus.

(Puter, Vallader, often uncountable) cheese


aungel

From Late Latin angelus, from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos, “messenger”).


chamma

From Late Latin gamba (“hoof”) (compare Italian gamba), from Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “bend”).


tschinch

(Puter, Vallader) Alternative form of tschintg (“five”)


fuorma

(Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) shape, form


baiver

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to drink


nouv

From Latin novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


nouv

rm-adj

nouv m (feminine singular nouva, masculine plural nouvs, feminine plural nouvas)

nouva (feminine singular)
nouvs (masculine plural)
nouvas (feminine plural)

From Latin novus, from Proto-Indo-European *néwos.


naiver

From Vulgar Latin *nivāre, a verb based on Latin nivem (“snow”, noun).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to snow


stret

stret m (feminine singular stretta, masculine plural strets, feminine plural strettas)

stretta (feminine singular)
strets (masculine plural)
strettas (feminine plural)


fraid

fraid m (feminine singular fraida, masculine plural fraids, feminine plural fraidas)

fraida (feminine singular)
fraids (masculine plural)
fraidas (feminine plural)

From Latin frīgidus (“cold, cool, chilling”) (through a contracted Vulgar Latin or Late Latin form fridus or frigdus, fricdus), from frīgeō, frīgēre (“be cold”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) cold


rabgia

(Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter) anger, rage


convenziunel

convenziunel m (feminine singular convenziunela, masculine plural convenziunels, feminine plural convenziunelas)

convenziunela (feminine singular)
convenziunels (masculine plural)
convenziunelas (feminine plural)


puogn

From Latin pugnus (“fist”), from Proto-Indo-European *puǵ-no-, from *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”).


chanzun

From Latin cantiō, cantiōnem (“song, singing”), from cantus (“sung”), perfect passive participle of canō, canere (“sing”), from Proto-Indo-European *kan- (“to sing”).

inh

(music, Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) song


böglia

(anatomy, Puter) intestines, insides, guts


greiv

rm-adj

greiv m (feminine singular greiva, masculine plural greivs, feminine plural greivas)

greiva (feminine singular)
greivs (masculine plural)
greivas (feminine plural)

(Puter, Vallader) Alternative form of grev (“heavy, difficult”)


stigl

stigl m (feminine singular stigla, masculine plural stigls, feminine plural stiglas)

stigla (feminine singular)
stigls (masculine plural)
stiglas (feminine plural)


guitarrist

(music, Puter, Vallader) (male) guitarist


föglia

From Late Latin folia, from the plural of Latin folium, probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰolh₃yom (“leaf”), from *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


prossem

prossem m (feminine singular prosma, masculine plural prossems, feminine plural prosmas)

prosma (feminine singular)
prossems (masculine plural)
prosmas (feminine plural)


trer

From Vulgar Latin *tragō, *tragere, from Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”).

(Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter) to pull


fras-ch

fras-ch m (feminine singular fras-cha, masculine plural fras-chs, feminine plural fras-chas)

fras-cha (feminine singular)
fras-chs (masculine plural)
fras-chas (feminine plural)

From a Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *friskaz (“fresh”), from Proto-Indo-European *preysk- (“fresh”).


tschiera

(weather, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) fog, mist


tmair

(Puter, Vallader) to fear, be afraid (of), be frightened (of)


melnet

melnet m (feminine singular melnetta, masculine plural melnets, feminine plural melnettas)

melnetta (feminine singular)
melnets (masculine plural)
melnettas (feminine plural)


as-cher

as-cher m (feminine singular ascra, masculine plural as-chers, feminine plural ascras)

ascra (feminine singular)
as-chers (masculine plural)
ascras (feminine plural)


svuler

(Puter) Alternative form of sgular (“to fly”)


schmacher

(Puter) to press, squeeze, squash, crush


tgnair

From Early Medieval Latin tenīre, from Latin tenēre.


dschler

(Puter) to freeze (intransitive), be cold, feel (very) cold, feel freezing


puolvra

From Late Latin pulvera, neuter plural based on Latin pulvis m.


mazzer

Compare Italian ammazzare, Friulian maçâ, Venetan masar, Istriot masà, Occitan massar, cf. also Spanish mazar.


chatscher

Alternative form of chatschar (“hunt; pester, bother”)


chaminer

(Puter) Alternative form of chaminar (“to walk”)

(Puter) Alternative form of chaminar (“to go walking, hike, go hiking, ramble, go rambling”)


giuver

(Puter) Alternative form of giugar (“to play”)


giaschair

From Latin iaceō, iacēre (“lie prostrate”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to lie


cusir

From Vulgar Latin *cosīre or *cōsere, from Latin cōnsuō, cōnsuere.


glüsch

From Latin lūcem, accusative of lūx, from Proto-Italic *louks, from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk- (“white; light; bright”).


glisch

glisch m (feminine singular glischa, masculine plural glischs, feminine plural glischas)

glischa (feminine singular)
glischs (masculine plural)
glischas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from French glisser (“to slide, slip”), itself of Germanic origin.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) smooth, slippery


nosch

nosch m (feminine singular noscha, masculine plural noschs, feminine plural noschas)

noscha (feminine singular)
noschs (masculine plural)
noschas (feminine plural)

(Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) bad, rotten, evil


radund

radund m (feminine singular radunda, masculine plural radunds, feminine plural radundas)

radunda (feminine singular)
radunds (masculine plural)
radundas (feminine plural)

From Late Latin retundus, from Latin rotundus.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) round


radund

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) about, roughly, approximately


schnester

(Puter, Vallader) Alternative form of sanester (“left”)


schnester

schnester m (feminine singular schnestra, masculine plural schnesters, feminine plural schnestras)

schnestra (feminine singular)
schnesters (masculine plural)
schnestras (feminine plural)


savair

savair (infinitive)
savend (gerund)
savì (masculine participle past)
savida (feminine participle past)
savids (masculine participle past plural)
savidas (feminine participle past plural)
sai (indicative present singular)
sas (indicative present second-person singular)
sa (indicative present singular)
savain (first-person indicative plural present)
savais (indicative plural present second-person)
san (indicative plural present third-person)
saveva (imperfect indicative singular)
savevas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
savevan (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
savevas (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
savevan (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
savess (conditional indicative singular)
savessas (conditional indicative second-person singular)
savessan (conditional first-person indicative plural)
savessas (conditional indicative plural second-person)
savessan (conditional indicative plural third-person)
sappia (conjunctive singular)
sappias (conjunctive second-person singular)
sappian (conjunctive first-person plural)
sappias (conjunctive plural second-person)
sappian (conjunctive plural third-person)
sappias (imperative second-person singular)
sappias (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *sapēre, from Classical Latin sapĕre (“taste, know”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to know (how to do something)


savurer

From Latin sapor (“taste, flavour”), from sapiō, sapere (“taste of, have a flavour of”), from Proto-Indo-European *sap- (“to try, to research”).


linguach

(Puter, Vallader, poetic) Alternative form of linguatg (“language”)


Ollanda

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) Holland, the Netherlands


Tschekia

(Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) the Czech Republic


Islas Britannicas

British Isles
British Isles#English:_Q38272

(Puter) British Isles (an archipelago in Northern Europe, consisting of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland, Anglesey, the Isle of Man, the Isle of Wight, the Hebrides, the Shetland Islands, the Orkney Islands, the Isles of Scilly, the Channel Islands and many smaller islands)


svizzer

rm-adj

svizzer m (feminine singular svizra, masculine plural svizzers, feminine plural svizras)

svizra (feminine singular)
svizzers (masculine plural)
svizras (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) Swiss


Türchia

(Puter, Vallader) Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


custab

(Puter, Vallader) letter (of the alphabet)


tuor

From Latin turris, turrem, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).


frer

From Latin frāter, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.


parisol

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter) umbrella, parasol


gianoscha

(anatomy, Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) jaw


üert

(Puter, Vallader) garden, kitchen garden, vegetable garden


fazöl

From Vulgar Latin *faciolum, from Latin facies (“face”). Compare Italian fazzolo, fazzuolo.


staunza

From Vulgar Latin *stantia (“standing, stopping-place”), from Latin stāns, stantis, from stō, stāre, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.


guadagner

Of Germanic origin, from Frankish *waidanjan (“get food”).


listess

From Vulgar Latin *st + ipsu, a contraction of Latin istum ipsum. Compare Ladin stes, Friulian stes, istès, Italian stesso.


merl

From Late Latin merulum, from Latin merula.


pasta da daints

(Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) toothpaste


bger

rm-adj

bger m (feminine singular bgera, masculine plural bgers, feminine plural bgeras)

bgera (feminine singular)
bgers (masculine plural)
bgeras (feminine plural)


scoula

From Latin schola (“school”), from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).


aguoglia

From Late Latin acūcula, diminutive of Latin acus (“needle”).


luntaun

luntaun m (feminine singular luntauna, masculine plural luntauns, feminine plural luntaunas)

luntauna (feminine singular)
luntauns (masculine plural)
luntaunas (feminine plural)

From Vulgar Latin *longitānus, from Latin longē.


luntaun

(Puter) distance, faraway places, distant places, remote places


luotta

From Late Latin lucta, from Latin luctor.

(Puter, Vallader) fight, struggle, wrestling


studenta

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) female student


fümanter

(Puter) to smoke (preserve or prepare for consumption by treating with smoke)


fümer

(Puter) to smoke (inhale and exhale the smoke from a burning cigarette, cigar, pipe, etc.)


umaun

umaun m (feminine singular umauna, masculine plural umauns, feminine plural umaunas)

umauna (feminine singular)
umauns (masculine plural)
umaunas (feminine plural)


umaun

rm-noun

umaun m (plural umauns; feminine umauna, plural umaunas)

umauns (plural)
umauna (feminine)
umaunas (plural)


dignited

Borrowed from Latin dignitas, dignitatem.


societed

Borrowed from Latin societās, societātem (“society, community”).


tuorta

(Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) flat, round cake with a fruit filling


petta

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) a cake in the shape of a loaf


buorsa

From Late Latin bursa, from Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa, “hide, wine-skin”).


manzögna

From a crossing of Latin mentiō, mentiōnem with mentīri, probably through a Vulgar Latin *mentionia, or from Late Latin mentiō (“lie”), probably from a hypothetical *mentītiō from mentītus, past participle of mentior (“I lie, deceive; I pretend, feign”). Compare Italian menzogna, Old French mensoigne.


danöv

(Puter, Vallader) again, once more, once again, anew


uraglia

(Puter, Vallader) Alternative form of ureglia (“ear, cup handle”)


anè

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) ring


direcziun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) direction; compass point


sfuira

(medicine, Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Puter) diarrhea


taila d'aragnun

rm-noun

taila d'aragnun f (plural tailas d'aragnun)


laungia

From Latin lingua, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.


aunz

From Late Latin ab ante, from Latin ab + ante.


sulagliv

rm-adj

sulagliv m (feminine singular sulagliva, masculine plural sulaglivs, feminine plural sulaglivas)

sulagliva (feminine singular)
sulaglivs (masculine plural)
sulaglivas (feminine plural)


gnirunchel

From Late Latin rēnunculus (following metathesis and with a change of suffix or through a Vulgar Latin root *rēnuncellus), a diminutive of Latin rēn (“kidney”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, anatomy) kidney


clucher

(architecture, Puter, Vallader) steeple, bell tower, belfry


perchürer

(Puter, Vallader) to look after, care for


grischun

grischun m (feminine singular grischuna, masculine plural grischuns, feminine plural grischunas)

grischuna (feminine singular)
grischuns (masculine plural)
grischunas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) Graubünden (attributive)


Grischun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) Grisons, Graubünden (a canton of Switzerland)


chamuotsch

From Late Latin camōx, camōcis (5th c.), from Gaulish camox, probably from an extinct Alpine language (Raetic, Ancient Ligurian), possibly Proto-Indo-European *kem- (“without horns”).


chantun

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) canton

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) corner


Lucernais

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) citizen, native or inhabitant of Lucerne


lucernais

rm-adj

lucernais m (feminine singular lucernaisa, masculine plural lucernais, feminine plural lucernaisas)

lucernaisa (feminine singular)
lucernais (masculine plural)
lucernaisas (feminine plural)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) Lucerne (attributive)


chapitêl

From Latin capitālis, from caput (“head”).


Engiadina

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) Engadin (a valley in Switzerland)


cumanzer

(Puter) Alternative form of cumanzar (“to start”)


Engiadina bassa

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) Lower Engadin


Turich

(Puter, Vallader) Zurich (the capital city of Zurich canton, Switzerland)

(Puter, Vallader) Zurich (a canton of Switzerland)


Rumauntsch

rm-noun

Rumauntsch m (plural Rumauntschs; feminine Rumauntscha, plural Rumauntschas)

Rumauntschs (plural)
Rumauntscha (feminine)
Rumauntschas (plural)

(Puter) (male) Romansch-speaker, Romansch man


rumauntsch

rm-adj

rumauntsch m (feminine singular rumauntscha, masculine plural rumauntschs, feminine plural rumauntschas)

rumauntscha (feminine singular)
rumauntschs (masculine plural)
rumauntschas (feminine plural)

From Vulgar Latin rōmānicē, from Latin rōmānicus, from rōmānus (“Roman”).


Rumauntscha

(Puter) (female) Romansch-speaker, Romansch woman


maglier

Borrowed from Old French mangier, from Latin mandūcō, manducāre.


tschercher

From Late Latin circō, circāre, from Latin circa, circus. Compare French chercher.

(Puter) to look up, look for, search, seek


examen da qualificaziun

rm-noun

examen da qualificaziun m (plural examens da qualificaziun)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) aptitude test, test of ability, occupational test


chapè

From Early Medieval Latin cappellus, diminutive from Late Latin cappa. Compare Friulian cjapiel.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) hat


angul

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) angle


exaimpel

(Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) example


pussibilted

From Latin possibilitās, possibilitātem.

(Puter) possibility, chance, opportunity


perque

(Puter) therefore, thus, for that reason


giuventüna

From Latin iuventus, iuventūtem (“youth”), from iuvenis (“young”).


quindesch

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Surmiran, Vallader) fifteen


quattordesch

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) fourteen


dudesch

From Latin duodecim. Compare Ladin dodesc, Friulian dodis.


spedla

From Vulgar Latin *spatla, from Late Latin spatula, diminutive of Latin spatha.


tschirescha

From Vulgar Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of Late Latin ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin.


luf

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) wolf


chastè

From Latin castellum, diminutive of castrum.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) castle


tscharvè

From Latin cerebellum, diminutive of cerebrum, from Proto-Italic *kerazrom, from a Proto-Indo-European form *ḱerh₂-s-ro, from the root *ḱerh₂- (“head”).

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) brain


alura

(Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader, Sutsilvan) then


girun

Deverbal from girar, due to their circling flight behavior.

Gypaetus barbatus
Gypaetus barbatus#Translingual

(Puter, Vallader) bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus)


giumaint

Borrowed, probably from Italian giumento or perhaps directly from Latin iūmentum.


pavagl

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *papēlium, from Latin papȳrius.