بلی

balê (romanization)
bali (romanization)
spelling (Classical-Persian Dari)
in Iran (dated literary)

Dari: بلی (balē)

desc

Iranian Persian: بله (bale), بلی (bali) (literary)

Tajik: бале (bale)

→ Azerbaijani: bəli

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: بلی (bali)
Turkish: beli

Urdu: بلے (balē)

Borrowed from Arabic بَلَى (balā). For the vowel change in Classical Persian compare لیکِن (lēkin), from Arabic لَٰكِن (lākin).


ثلاثة

salāsat (romanization)
salāsa (romanization)

ثلاثه ثلاثه#Persian


را

From Middle Persian lʾd (rāy), from Old Persian 𐎼𐎠𐎭 (ra-a-da, rād, “cause, reason, because of, due to”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to fit together”).

inh

ما را این نیست. (archaic)

هیچ خلق را جان نگرفتمی.

c. 970, Abū Alī Bal'amī, Persian translation of the Tafsīr of Ṭabarī:

I would not have taken the life of anybody.

شنیدم که رستم ز آغاز کار
چنان یافت نیرو ز پروردگار
که گر سنگ را او به سر شدی
همی هر دو پایش بدو در شدی

I have heard that at the beginning, Rustam
Was given such strength from God
That if he were upon the top of a rock
Both his two feet would keep sinking into it.

šunîdam ki rustam dar âğâz-i kâr
čunân yâft nêrô zi parwardigâr
ki gar sang râ ô ba sar šûdê
hamê har du pây-aš bad-ô dar šûdê

عشق را نباید بود.

One must not belong to love/one must not give oneself up to love.

صوفی بیا که آینه صافیست جام را
تا بنگری صفای می لعلفام را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 7”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]:

Sufi, come, for the cup has a bright mirror,
So that you might see the brightness of ruby-hued wine.

sûfî biyâ ki âyina-yi sâfi-st jâm râ
tâ bingarî safâ-yi may-i la'l-fâm râ

بودن بودن#Persian

(archaic, Classical Persian) Used as a genitive particle to mark the possessor; in particular, used with the verb بودن (budan, “to be”).


پولاد

head

پولاد • (pōlād)

fa-noun

پولاد • (pōlād)

desc

→ Arabic: فُولَاذ (fūlāḏ), بُولَاد (būlād)

Andalusian Arabic: فُولَاذ

Egyptian Arabic: بولاد (bulād)

→ Aramaic:

Classical Syriac: ܦܘܠܕ (pūlāḏ)

→ Azerbaijani: polad

→ Bashkir: Булат (Bulat)

→ Buryat: булад (bulad)

→ Chagatai:

Uyghur:

Arabic script: پولات (polat)

Cyrillic script: полат (polat)

Uzbek:

Cyrillic script: пўлат (poʻlat)

Latin script: poʻlat

desctree

→ Georgian: ფოლადი (poladi)
→ Bats: ფოლად (polad)
→ Mingrelian: ფოლანდი (polandi), ფულანდი (pulandi)
→ Svan: ფოლა̈დ (poläd)

→ Gujarati: પોલાદ (polād)

→ Hebrew: פלדה (pladá)

→ Kazakh:

Arabic script: بولات

Cyrillic script: болат (bolat)

→ Kyrgyz: болот (bolot)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: փոլատ (pʻolat), փօլատ (pʻōlat)

→ Middle Mongol:

Classical Mongolian: ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠳ (bolud)

Mongolian:

Mongolian script: ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠳ (bolud)

Cyrillic script: болд (bold)

→ Chinese: 孛羅／孛罗 (Bóluó)

→ Written Oirat: ᡋᡆᠯᡆᡑ (bolod)

Kalmyk: болд (bold)

→ Ossetian: болат (bolat) (via Turkic)

→ Russian: булат (bulat) (via Turkic)

→ English: bulat

→ Ottoman Turkish: پولاد (pûlâd, polâd)

Turkish: polat

Siberian Turkic (via Kipchak or Mongolic):

→ Khakas: молат (molat)

→ Shor: молат (molat)

→ Northern Altai: полот (polot)

→ Tofa: болат (bolat)

→ Tuvan: болат (bolat)

→ Turkmen: polat

[pʰʊː.lɔ́ːd̪̥]

[pʰuː.lɒ́ːd̪̥]

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pwlʾpt'), 𐫛𐫇𐫓𐫀𐫇𐫅 (pwlʾwd /pōlāwad/). Probably from Old Persian *paurāvat-/*paurāvatī (meaning: “(equipped) with sharp metal blade”). Cognate with Iranian borrowing Old Armenian պողովատ (połovat), պողոպատ (połopat).

inh

فولاد فولاد#Persian

Early Classical form of فولاد (fulâd, “steel”)


صندلی

head

صَنْدَلی • (sandali) (plural صندلیها (sandali-hâ))

صَنْدَلی (canonical)
sandali (romanization)
صندلیها (plural)

desc

صَنْدَلِيَّة

→ Arabic: صَنْدَلِيَّة (ṣandaliyya)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: صندلیه (sandaliyye)
Turkish: sandalye


آغا

stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn (only in Iran)

Borrowed from Turkic. Compare Azerbaijani ağa.

(Classical Persian, dated) sir, mister, Mr.; nobleman

synonym of آقا (âqâ):
sir, mister, Mr.; nobleman


دهگان

head

دهگان • (dehgân)

fa-noun

دهگان • (dehgân)

[d̪e̞ɦ.ɡɑ́ːn]

[d̪e̞ɦ.ɡɑ́ːn]

[d̪eɦ.ɡɒ́ːn]

Inherited from the Middle Persian form described at دهقان (dehqân).

(Classical Persian, now dialectal, Tajik) village settlers or urban dwellers in contrast to nomads


سپید

fa-adj

سپید • (sapēd)

سفید سفید#Persian


باجی

head

باجی • (bâji)

fa-noun

باجی • (bâji)

→ Gujarati: બાજી (bājī)

→ Khalaj: bâcı

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: बाजी (bājī)

Urdu: باجی (bājī)

→ Punjabi: باجی (bājī)

[bɑː.ˈd͡ʒiː]

Borrowed from Turkic, compare Turkish bacı.


مجهول

مَعْرُوف و مَجْهُول
معروف و مجهول#Persian

(Classical Persian, Dari) majhul (vowel); see مَعْرُوف و مَجْهُول (ma'rūf u majhūl).


پرنگ

desctree

Malay: piring
Indonesian: piring
→ Afrikaans: piering
→ Portuguese: pires
→ Bengali: পিরিচ (piric)
→ Ternate: piring

Akin to Old Armenian պղինձ (płinj, “copper”), an Iranian borrowing.


آفتاب‌پرست

head

آفتابپرست • (âftâb-parast)

fa-noun

آفتابپرست • (âftâb-parast)

آفتابپرست (canonical)
âftâb-parast (romanization)

[ʔɑːf.t̪ʰɑːb.pʰä.ɾǽst̪]

[ʔɑːf.t̪ʰɑːb.pʰä.ɾǽst̪]

[ʔɔːf.t̪ʰɔːb.pʰä.ɾǽst̪]

[ʔɒːf.t̪ʰɒːb.pʰæ.ɹǽst̪]

From آفتاب (âftâb, “sun”) + ـپرست (-parast, “-worshipper”).

af

(Classical Persian, Dari and Tajik) sunflower


(Classical Persian, Dari) pēš a short vowel diacritic, representing a 'short u'. It also indicates a long /uː/ if followed by a و (wâw)


خصم

خَسْم (canonical)
xasm (romanization)
خصوم (plural)

(Classical Persian, South Asia) master, owner, husband


دروازه

head

دروازه • (darvâze) (plural دروازهها (darvâze-hâ))

darvâze (romanization)
دروازهها (plural)

→ Assamese: দৰ্জা (dorza)

desc

→ Armenian: դարվազ (darvaz), դարվազա (darvaza)

→ Azerbaijani: darvaza

→ Bengali: দরওয়াজা (dorōẇaja)

⇒ Bengali: দরজা (dorja)

→ Chagatai: داروازە

Uzbek: darvoza

Uyghur: دەرۋازا (derwaza)

→ Gujarati: દરવાજો (darvājo)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: दरवाज़ा (darvāzā)

desctree

Urdu: دَرْوَازَہ (darvāzā)
→ Gulf Arabic: دِرْوَازَة (dirwāza)

→ Kashmiri:

Arabic script: دَروازٕ (darvāzụ)

Devanagari script: दरवाज़ॖ (darawāzụ)

→ Kazakh: дарбаза (darbaza)

→ Marathi: दरवाजा (darvāj̈ā)

→ Pashto: دروازه (darwāzə)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਦਰਵਾਜ਼ਾ (darvāzā)

Shahmukhi script: دَرْوازہ (darvāzh)

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: دروازو (darwāzō)

Devanagari script: दरवाज़ो (darwāzō)

→ Turkmen: derweze

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-
Old Persian 𐎯𐎺𐎼𐎹𐎠 (du-v-r-y-a)
Middle Persian 𐭡𐭡𐭠 (bbʾ)
Persian دَر?
Middle Persian 𐫀𐫁𐫀𐫝 (ʾbʾc)
Persian وَاز?
Persian دروازه
Has been explained as coming from در (dar, “door”) + واز (wāz, “open”), with the later word واز (wāz) (Archaic in Iranian Persian) coming from Middle Persian 𐫀𐫁𐫀𐫝 (ʾbʾc /abāz/, “back, again, re-”).
Though it may have other origins, compare similar words in Semitic: Akkadian 𒉣𒇬 (tarbāṣu, “cowshed; courtyard”), Aramaic תַּרְחִּיצָא (tarbīṣā) / תַּרְחָּצָא (ṭarbāṣā) / ܬܰܪܒܳܨܳܐ (ṭarbāṣā, “courtyard”), Ugaritic 𐎚𐎗𐎁𐎕 (trbṣ, “stable”), which is a formation that belongs to the Proto-Semitic verb *rabaṣ́- used for the sitting of an animal, on which root see Arabic ر ب ض (r-b-ḍ).
Possibly connected to Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dlpʾs /darbās/, “palace”) and the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian դարպաս (darpas), դարապաս (darapas), Georgian დარბაზი (darbazi, “palace”).

cog

תַּרְחִּיצָא

Aramaic תַּרְחִּיצָא (tarbīṣā)


میده

Likely from Classical Persian مَیْدَه (mayda), referring to fine grains of flour.

میده کردن

to break, to smash, to pulverise [anything]


پیروزه

head

پیروزه • (pērōza)

fa-noun

پیروزه • (pērōza)

فیروزه فیروزه#Persian


توبة

tawbat (romanization)
tawba (romanization)

توبه توبه#Persian


معروف

fa-adj

معروف • (ma'ruf) (comparative معروفتَر (ma'ruf-tar), superlative معروفتَرین (ma'ruf-tarin))

ma'ruf (romanization)
معروفتَر (comparative)
معروفتَرین (superlative)

Etymology tree
Arabic ع ر ف (ʕ r f)
Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa)
Arabic مَعْرُوف (maʕrūf)bor.
Persian معروفBorrowed from Arabic مَعْرُوف (maʕrūf).

etymon

(Classical Persian, Dari) ma'ruf (vowel); see مَعْرُوف و مَجْهُول (ma'rūf u majhūl).


معروف

ma'ruf (romanization)
معروف
ma'ruf
معروف (ezafe)
ma'ruf-e (ezafe)
معروفی (definite relative)
معروفی (indefinite stressed)
ma'ruf-i (definite relative)
ma'ruf-i (indefinite stressed)
معروفم (first-person predicative singular)
ma'rufam (first-person predicative singular)
معروفیم (first-person plural predicative)
ma'rufim (first-person plural predicative)
معروفی (predicative second-person singular)
ma'rufi (predicative second-person singular)
معروفید (plural predicative second-person)
ma'rufid (plural predicative second-person)
معروفین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
ma'rufin (plural predicative second-person)
معروف است (predicative singular third-person)
ma'ruf ast (predicative singular third-person)
معروفه (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
ma'rufe (predicative singular third-person)
معروفند (plural predicative third-person)
ma'rufand (plural predicative third-person)
معروفن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
ma'rufan (plural predicative third-person)


بغل

desctree

→ Hindi: बग़ल (baġal)
→ Tamil: பகிலு (pakilu)

(Classical Persian, Tajik or obsolete) armpit


هی

Derived from Arabic هاء (hāʔ) with vowel shift due to imala

Name of the thirty-first letter of the Persian alphabet ه.


شهنشاه

head

شهنشاه • (šahanšâh)

fa-noun

شهنشاه • (šahanšâh)

شاهنشاه شاهنشاه#Persian

(Classical Persian) Alternative form of شاهنشاه


اضافت

head

اضافت • (izāfat)

fa-noun

اضافت • (izāfat)

اضافه اضافه#Persian


شوروا

head

شوروا • (šōrwā)

fa-noun

شوروا • (šōrwā)

See شوربا (šōrbā)

شوربا شوربا#Persian


خوراسان

head

خوراسان • (xwarāsān)

fa-proper noun

خوراسان • (xwarāsān)

خراسان خراسان#Persian


آبخوست

head

آبخوست • (ābxwast)

fa-noun

آبخوست • (ābxwast)

آبخست آبخست#Persian


نوازده

head

نوازده • (nuwāzdah) (Persian numeral ۱۹)

nuwāzdah (romanization)
۱۹ (Persian numeral)

نوزده نوزده#Persian

(Classical Persian) Archaic spelling of نوزده (nineteen).


اشتک

اشتک • (eštak)

fa-noun

اشتک • (eštak)

[ʔeʃ.t̪ʰækʲ]

(Classical Persian or archaic) swaddling clothes


غیبه

head

غیبه • (ğayba)

fa-noun

غیبه • (ğayba)

steel rings of which a coat of mail or shield is confected


کامه

head

کامه • (kāma)

fa-noun

کامه • (kāma)

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kʾmk' /kāmag/, “soup, gruel”). Reborrowed from Arabic Aramaism كَامَخ (kāmaḵ) کامخ (kāmax).

inh+

(Classical Persian) a kind of sauce or pickle made of vinegar and sour milk


گوارش

head

گوارش • (govâreš)

fa-noun

گوارش • (govâreš)

[ɡʊ.wɑː.ɾɪʃ]

[ɡʊ.wɑː.ɾɪʃ]

[ɡʊ.wɑː.ɾɪʃ]

Already Middle Persian, whence Arabic جَوَارِش (jawāriš), equivalent to گواشتن (govâštan) + ـش (-eš).

(Classical Persian) stomachic; electuary


پیدائش

پیدایش پیدایش#Persian

(Classical Persian) Alternative spelling of پیدایش


آموسنی

head

آموسنی • (āmūsnī or āmwisnī)

fa-noun

آموسنی • (āmūsnī or āmwisnī)

āmūsnī (romanization)
āmwisnī (romanization)

Borrowed from a Northwestern Iranian or Central Iranian term descending from Proto-Iranian *hapáθniH (“co-wife”).


اعجوبة

u'jūba (romanization)
u'jūbat (romanization)

اعجوبه اعجوبه#Persian

Archaic form of اعجوبه (u'jūba, “miracle”).