𑀘𑁄𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चोर</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಚೋರ</i>

𑀘𑁄𑀭 (cora) m (Devanagari चोर, Kannada ಚೋರ)

cora (romanization)
चोर (Devanagari)
ಚೋರ (Kannada)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀘𑁄𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸 (plural vocative)

Braj: चोर (cor)

desctree

Old Gujarati: चोर (cora)
Gujarati: ચોર (cor)

Hindustani: cor

Hindi: चोर

Urdu: چور (cor)

Konkani: cor

Devanagari script: चोर

Kannada script: ಚೋರ

Latin script: chor

Old Marathi: cor

Devanagari script: चोर

Modi script: 𑘓𑘻𑘨

Nepali: चोर् (cor), चोर (cor)

Punjabi: ਚੋਰ (cor)

Romani: ćor, chor (Anglicized), čor (Pan-Vlax)
Caló: choro
→ Spanish: choro
Traveller Norwegian: kjår
→ Hungarian: csór

Vaghri: ચોર (cor)

Inherited from Sanskrit चोर (corá). Cognate with Pali cora, Niya Prakrit 𐨕𐨆𐨪 (cora), Gandhari 𐨕𐨆𐨪 (cora).

𑀘𑁄𑀭𑀸 𑀲𑀪𑀅𑀲𑀢𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁄-𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁄 𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀺 𑀤𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀺𑀅𑀡𑀺𑀳𑀺𑀓𑀮𑀲𑁂-𑀯𑁆𑀯 𑀧𑁄𑀠𑀯𑀇𑀆𑀣𑀦𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀁𑀕𑁂
corā sabhaasataṇhaṃ puṇo-puṇo pesaaṃti diṭṭhīo

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 577

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
With fear and with longing, the kidnappers repeatedly steal glances at the round breasts of the warrior’s wife
As if they were pots of gold guarded by snakes.

thief, (by extension) any criminal, kidnapper


𑀕𑁄𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गोर</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗೋರ</i>

𑀕𑁄𑀭 (gora) (Devanagari गोर, Kannada ಗೋರ)

gora (romanization)
गोर (Devanagari)
ಗೋರ (Kannada)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀻 (plural vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀭𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Apabhramsa: गउर (gaüra)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani: gorā

Hindi: गोरा

Urdu: گورا

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali: গোরা (gōra)

Odia: ଗୋରା (gorā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: गोरो (goro)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: gorā

Gurmukhi script: ਗੋਰਾ

Shahmukhi script: گورا

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: gora

Devanagari script: गोर

Modi script: 𑘐𑘻𑘨

Western Indo-Aryan:

Middle Gujarati: गउर

Gujarati: ગોરું (gorũ)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀕𑁅𑀭 (gaurá). Cognate with Pali gora.

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gōra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 233: “Pk. gōra- 'white'”


𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मोत्तिअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮೊತ್ತಿಅ</i>

𑀫𑁴𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (mŏttia) n (Devanagari मोत्तिअ, Kannada ಮೊತ್ತಿಅ)

𑀫𑁴𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (canonical neuter)
mŏttia (romanization)
मोत्तिअ (Devanagari)
ಮೊತ್ತಿಅ (Kannada)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀇 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (alternative)
𑀫𑁴𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀬 (alternative)

Ahirani: मोती (motī)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa: मोत्तिउ (mottiu)

Braj: मोती (motī)

Hindustani: motī

Hindi: मोती

Urdu: موتِی (motī)

→? Tibetan: མུ་ཏིག (mu tig)

Assamese: মোতি (müti)

Middle Bengali: মুতি (muti)

Bengali: মোতি (mōti) (< Hindustani موتِی (motī) / मोती (motī))

Dogri: motī

Devanagari script: मोती

Dogra script: 𑠢𑠵𑠙𑠮

Old Gujarati: मोती (motī)

Gojri: موتی (motī)

Gujarati: મોતી (motī)

Malvi: मोती (motī)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: मोती (motī)

Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅔𑅣𑅑 (moti)

Kachchi: મોતી (motī)

Konkani: motī̃

Devanagari script: मोतीं

Kannada script: ಮೊತಿಂ

Latin script: motim

Maithili: mōti

Devanagari script: मोति

Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒼𑒞𑒱

Old Marathi: motī

Devanagari script: मोती

Modi script: 𑘦𑘻𑘝𑘲

Nepali: मोती (motī)

Odia: ମୋତି (moti)

Old Punjabi: ਮੋਤੀ (motī)

Punjabi: motī

Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਤੀ

Shahmukhi script: موتی

Sindhi: motī

Arabic script: موتِي

Devanagari script: मोती

Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋧𑋍𑋢

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀫𑁅𑀓𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀓 (mauktika).

inh+

𑀡 𑀕𑀼𑀡𑁂𑀡 𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀇 𑀚𑀡𑁄 𑀳𑀻𑀭𑀇 𑀚𑁄 𑀚𑁂𑀡 𑀪𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀑 𑀢𑁂𑀡
𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀡 𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀁𑀤𑀸 𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀇 𑀕𑀼𑀁𑀚𑀸𑀉 𑀕𑁂𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁𑀢𑀺
ṇa guṇeṇa hīraï jaṇo hīraï jo jeṇa bhāvio teṇa
mŏttūṇa puliṃdā mŏttiāi guṃjāu gĕṇhaṃti
2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
People are not captivated by true qualities but by what takes their fancy.

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 310

The Pulindas brush pearls aside but seize upon the guñja seeds the jeweler uses as weights.


𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पाउस</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಾಉಸ</i>

𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲 (pāusa) m (Devanagari पाउस, Kannada ಪಾಉಸ)

pāusa (romanization)
पाउस (Devanagari)
ಪಾಉಸ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀸 (plural vocative)

Hindustani:

Hindi: पावस (pāvas), पाउस (pāus)

Urdu: پاوَس (pāvas)

Konkani: pāvs

Devanagari script: पाव्स

Konkani: ಪಾವ್ಸ್

Latin script: pavs

Old Marathi: pāusa

Devanagari script: पाउस

Modi script: 𑘢𑘰𑘄𑘭

Inherited from Sanskrit प्रावृष् (prāvṛṣ). Cognate with Pali pāvusa.


𑀕𑀸𑀫

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गाम</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ગામ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗಾಮ</i>

𑀕𑀸𑀫 (gāma) m (Devanagari गाम, Gujarati ગામ, Kannada ಗಾಮ)

tlb

(attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī)

gāma (romanization)
गाम (Devanagari)
ગામ (Gujarati)
ಗಾಮ (Kannada)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀫 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Awadhi: गांव (gāmv)

Hindustani:

Hindi: गांव (gāmv), गाँव (gā̃v)

→ English: gaon

Urdu: گاؤں (gā'õ)

Romani: gav
→ German: Kaff

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: গাঁও (gãü)

Bengali: গাঁ (gã)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: गांव (gānv)

Maithili: गांओ (gā̃o)

Hajong: গাও

Kamta: গাঁও (gãü)

Odia: ଗାଁ (gā̃)

Sylheti: ꠉꠣꠅ (gao)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: ගම (gama)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Garhwali: गाउँ (gāũ)

Kumaoni: गाउँ (gāũ)

Nepali: गाउँ (gāũ)

Western Indo-Aryan:

desctree

Old Gujarati: गाम (gāma)
Gujarati: ગામ (gām)
Marwari: गांव (gāmv)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: gā̃v

Devanagari script: गांव

Kannada script: ಗಾಂವ

Latin script: gaum

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘄 (gāu), 𑘐𑘰𑘽𑘄 (gāṃu), 𑘐𑘰𑘌 (gāo), 𑘐𑘰𑘪 (gāva), 𑘐𑘰𑘽𑘪 (gāṃva) 𑘐𑘼𑘽 (gauṃ)

Devanagari script: गाउ (gāu), गांउ (gāṃu), गाओ (gāo), गाव (gāva), गांव (gāṃva) गउं (gaüṃ)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਗਾਉਂ (gāũ)

Shahmukhi script: گاؤں (gā'oṉ)

Sindhi: गांउ (gā̃u)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀕𑀸𑀫 (gāma).

inh+

𑀚𑀁 𑀅𑀲𑀭𑀡𑁄-𑀯𑁆𑀯 𑀟𑀟𑁆𑀠𑁄 𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁄 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀡-𑀯𑀳𑀼𑀚𑀼𑀆𑀡𑁄-𑀯𑀺
𑀲𑀁𑀪𑀫𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀁𑀞𑀼𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 𑀢𑀁 𑀤𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀭𑀺𑀅𑀁 𑀢𑀼𑀳 𑀣𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁
jaṃ asaraṇo-vva ḍaḍḍho gāmo sāhīṇa-vahujuāṇo-vi

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 714

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
That our village burnt down as though there were no help for it,
Despite the number of young men at hand, is the doing of your wicked breasts, which in the confusion were swaying about.

saṃbhamavisaṃṭhulāṇaṃ taṃ duccariaṃ tuha thaṇāṇaṃ


𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पइट्ठाण</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">પઇટ્ઠાણ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಇಟ್ಠಾಣ</i>

𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡 (païṭṭhāṇa) n (Devanagari पइट्ठाण, Gujarati પઇટ્ઠાણ, Kannada ಪಇಟ್ಠಾಣ)

tlb

(attested in Ardhamāgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

païṭṭhāṇa (romanization)
पइट्ठाण (Devanagari)
પઇટ્ઠાણ (Gujarati)
ಪಇಟ್ಠಾಣ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Marathi: पैठण (paiṭhaṇ)

Inherited from Sanskrit प्रतिष्ठान (pratiṣṭhā́na, “foundation”).


𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">हत्थि</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">હત્થિ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಹತ್ಥಿ</i>

𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (hatthi) m (Devanagari हत्थि, Gujarati હત્થિ, Kannada ಹತ್ಥಿ, feminine 𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀻)

hatthi (romanization)
हत्थि (Devanagari)
હત્થિ (Gujarati)
ಹತ್ಥಿ (Kannada)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 𑀡𑀻 (feminine)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀡𑁄 (plural vocative)
𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (plural vocative)
𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺 (alternative)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އެތް (et̊)

Sinhalese: ඇත් (æt)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Early Assamese: হাথী (hathī)

Assamese: হাতী (hati), হাথী (hathi)

→ Khasi: hati

Middle Bengali: হাথি (hathi)

Bengali: হাতি (hati)

→ Santali: ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ (hăti)

Chakma: 𑄦𑄬𑄖𑄴 (het /ét/)

Odia: ହାତୀ (hāti)

Rohingya: háñti

Sylheti: ꠀꠔ꠆ꠔꠤ (atti)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: हात्ती (hāttī)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Old Marathi: hātī, hāthī

Devanagari script: हाती, हाथी

Modi script: 𑘮𑘰𑘝𑘲, 𑘮𑘰𑘞𑘲

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: hāthī

Hindi: हाथी

Urdu: ہاتھی

Gujarati: હાથી (hāthī)

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: hātthī

Gurmukhi script: ਹਾਥੀ

Shahmukhi script: ہاتھی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: hāthī

Arabic script: هَاٿِي

Devanagari script: हाथी

Inherited from Sanskrit हस्ती (hastī́). Cognate with Gandhari 𐨱𐨯𐨿𐨟𐨁 (hasti), Pali hatthin.


𑀡𑁂𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಣೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei) (Devanagari णेइ, Kannada ಣೇಇ) (transitive)

ṇei (romanization)
णेइ (Devanagari)
ಣೇಇ (Kannada)
𑀡𑁂𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀡𑀬𑀤𑀺 (alternative)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: নিয়া (nia)

Bengali: নেওয়া (neōẇa)

Odia: ନେବା (nebā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

desc

influenced by <i class="Brah mention" lang="pra">𑀮𑀳𑀇</i> (lahaï, “to take”)

Sindhi: (influenced by 𑀮𑀳𑀇 (lahaï, “to take”))

Arabic script: نِهَڻُ

Devanagari script: निहणु

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: नेणे (neṇe)

Modi script: 𑘡𑘹𑘜𑘹 (neṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀡𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (ṇijjaï)
 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei)
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *neyH-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *náyHati
Sanskrit नय॑ति (náyati)
Prakrit 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei)
Inherited from Sanskrit नय॑ति (náyati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *náyHati, from Proto-Indo-European *neyH-, from *(s)neh₁-. Cognate with Pali neti.


𑀫𑀁𑀲

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मंस</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">મંસ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮಂಸ</i>

𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa) n (Devanagari मंस, Gujarati મંસ, Kannada ಮಂಸ)

tlb

(attested in Ardhamāgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

maṃsa (romanization)
मंस (Devanagari)
મંસ (Gujarati)
ಮಂಸ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀁𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀸𑀲 (alternative)
𑀫𑀁𑀰 (alternative)

Central:

Eastern Hindi:

Chhattisgarhi: मास (mās)

Western Hindi:

Old Hindi: मांस (mā̃sa)

Braj: मास (mās)

Bundeli: मास (mās), माँस (mā̃s)

Hindustani: mā̃s, mās

Hindi: माँस, मास

desc

Urdu: مَان٘سْ (mā̃s)

Urdu: مَان٘سْ (mā̃s), مَاسْ (mās)

Northern:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: मासु (māsu)

Kumaoni: मासु (māsu)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: मासु (māsu)

Western Pahari:

Dogri: mās

Devanagari script: मास

Dogra script: 𑠢𑠬𑠩

Southern:

Insular:

Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)

Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)

Marathi-Konkani:

Konkani: mās

Devanagari script: मास

Kannada script: ಮಾಸ್

Latin script: mas

Old Marathi: mauṃsa

Devanagari script: मौंस

Modi script: 𑘦𑘼𑘽𑘭

Northwestern:

Sindhi: māhu

Arabic script: ماهُ

Devanagari script: माहु

Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋠𑋞𑋣

Western:

Ahirani: मास (mās)

Gojri: مَاسْ (mās)

Gujarati: માંસ (mā̃s)

Kholosi: môz

Malvi: माँस (mā̃s)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: मंस (mans), मांस (māns), माँस (mā̃s), मौंस (ma͠us)

Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅧𑅰 (mns), 𑅬𑅒𑅧𑅰 (muns)

Romani: mas

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *mems-
Proto-Indo-European *mḗmsder.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám
Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa)
Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀫𑀸𑀁𑀲 (māṃsá). Cognate with Pali maṃsa.

etymon

𑀉𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀊𑀡 𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀁 𑀲𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀺𑀁 𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀬 𑀧𑀸𑀟𑀺𑀊𑀡-𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀺𑀁
𑀧𑀇𑀊𑀁 𑀢𑀁 𑀕𑀳𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀑 𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀺-𑀧𑀸𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺
ukkattiūṇa maṃsaṃ sarāṇiṃ mahiya pāḍiūṇa-aggiṃ

c. 700 CE, Anonymous, Maṇipati-Carita 953

1959 translation by Robert Hamilton Blair Williams
cutting some flesh from his buttock, he rubbed together some reed twigs and kindled a fire
then he cooked the meat and took it to the queen.

𑀫𑀸𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀤𑁂𑀭𑀯𑀸 𑁈𑁨𑁯𑁈
𑀫𑀸𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀤𑀻𑀦𑀸𑀫𑀦𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀬 𑀮𑀼𑀕𑁆 𑀯𑀸 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺𑁇 𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀁 𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀁𑁇 𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀮𑀁 𑀫𑀁𑀲𑀮𑀁𑁇 𑀓𑀸𑀲𑀁 𑀓𑀁𑀲𑀁𑁇 𑀧𑀸𑀲𑀽 𑀧𑀁𑀲𑀽𑁇 𑀓𑀳 𑀓𑀳𑀁𑁇 𑀏𑀯 𑀏𑀯𑀁𑁇 𑀦𑀽𑀡 𑀦𑀽𑀡𑀁𑁇 𑀇𑀆𑀡𑀺, 𑀇𑀆𑀡𑀺𑀁, 𑀤𑀸𑀡𑀺 𑀤𑀸𑀡𑀺𑀁𑁇 𑀓𑀺 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀫𑀺𑁇 𑀲𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀁 𑀲𑀁𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀁𑁇 𑀓𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀅𑀁 𑀓𑀺𑀁𑀲𑀼𑀅𑀁𑁇 𑀲𑀻𑀳𑁄 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀖𑁄𑁇 𑀫𑀸𑀁𑀲𑁇 𑀫𑀸𑀁𑀲𑀮𑁇 𑀓𑀸𑀁𑀲𑁆𑀬𑁇 𑀧𑀸𑀁𑀲𑀼𑁇 𑀓𑀣𑀫𑁆𑁇 𑀏𑀯𑀫𑁆𑁇 𑀦𑀽𑀦𑀫𑁆𑁇 𑀇𑀤𑀸𑀦𑀻𑀫𑁆𑁇 𑀓𑀺𑀫𑁇 𑀲𑀁𑀫𑀼𑀔𑁇 𑀓𑀺𑀁𑀰𑀼𑀓𑁇 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑁇 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀤𑀺𑁇
māṃsāderavā .29.

c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 1, 29

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

māṃsādīnāmanusvārasya lug vā bhavati. māsaṃ maṃsaṃ. māsalaṃ maṃsalaṃ. kāsaṃ kaṃsaṃ. pāsū paṃsū. kaha kahaṃ. eva evaṃ. nūṇa nūṇaṃ. iāṇi, iāṇiṃ, dāṇi dāṇiṃ. ki karemi. samuhaṃ saṃmuhaṃ. kesuaṃ kiṃsuaṃ. sīho siṃgho. māṃsa. māṃsala. kāṃsya. pāṃsu. katham. evam. nūnam. idānīm. kima. saṃmukha. kiṃśuka. siṃha. ityādi.

𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓-𑀲𑁄𑀡𑀺𑀬-𑀲𑀁𑀪𑀽𑀬𑀁 𑀅𑀲𑀼𑀈-𑀭𑀲-𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺𑀬𑀁𑁇
𑀢𑀬-𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢-𑀫𑀁𑀲-𑀫𑁂𑀬-𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺-𑀫𑀺𑀁𑀚-𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓-𑀯𑀺𑀡𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺𑀬𑀁 𑁈𑁧𑁈
sukka-soṇiya-saṃbhūyaṃ asuī-rasa-vaḍḍhiyaṃ.
taya-ratta-maṃsa-meya-aṭṭhi-miṃja-sukka-viṇimmiyaṃ .1.
1909 translation by John Jacob Meyer

c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti I. Bambhadatta page 4, line 9

dripping impure fluids from nine openings for fluids, a store-house of filthiness — that is the body, charming to the mind dirty in appearance.

ʺSprung from semen and blood, caused to grow by impure fluids, consisting of skin, blood, flesh, fat, bones, marrow and semen,


𑀫𑀸𑀲

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मास</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮಾಸ</i>

𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa) n (Devanagari मास, Kannada ಮಾಸ)

māsa (romanization)
मास (Devanagari)
ಮಾಸ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀸𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)


𑀯𑀳𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">वहइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ವಹಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀯𑀳𑀇 (vahaï) (Devanagari वहइ, Kannada ವಹಇ) (transitive)

vahaï (romanization)
वहइ (Devanagari)
ವಹಇ (Kannada)

desc

Old Marathi: 𑘪𑘮𑘜𑘹 (vahaṇe), 𑘪𑘮𑘰𑘜𑘹 (vahāṇe), 𑘪𑘰𑘜𑘹 (vāṇe), 𑘪𑘰𑘮𑘰𑘜𑘹 (vāhāṇe), 𑘪𑘿𑘮𑘰𑘜𑘹 (vhāṇe)

Marathi: वाहणे (vāhṇe)

From Sanskrit वहति (váhati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wáźʰati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáȷ́ʰati, from Proto-Indo-European *wéǵʰeti, from *weǵʰ- (“to bring, transport”). Cognate with Pali vahati.


𑀧𑀟𑀇

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पडइ</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">પડઇ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಡಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀧𑀟𑀇 (paḍaï) (Devanagari पडइ, Gujarati પડઇ, Kannada ಪಡಇ) (intransitive)

paḍaï (romanization)
पडइ (Devanagari)
પડઇ (Gujarati)
ಪಡಇ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀟𑀤𑀺 (alternative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: पड़ना (paṛnā)

Urdu: پَڑْنَا (paṛnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: পৰা (pora)

Bengali: পড়া (poṛa)

Rohingya: fore

Sylheti: ꠙꠠꠣ (foṛa)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: पड़ल (paṛal)

Magahi: पड़ल (paṛal)

Maithili: पड़ब (paṛab)

Odia: ପଡ଼ିବା (paṛibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: पर्नु (parnu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: पडचे (paḍce)

Old Marathi: 𑘢𑘚𑘜𑘹 (paḍaṇe)

Marathi: पडणे (paḍṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Romani: perel

desctree

Old Gujarati: पडिवउं (paḍivaüṃ)
Gujarati: પડવું (paḍvũ)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀧𑀟𑀇 (paḍaï)
 𑀧𑀸𑀟𑁂𑀇 (pāḍei)
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *peth₂-
Proto-Indo-European *péth₂eti
Sanskrit पत॑ति (pátati)
Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑀇 (paḍaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit पत॑ति (pátati), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂eti, from *peth₂-. Cognate with Pali patati.


𑀫𑀭𑀇

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मरइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮರಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀫𑀭𑀇 (maraï) (Devanagari मरइ, Kannada ಮರಇ) (intransitive)

maraï (romanization)
मरइ (Devanagari)
ಮರಇ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀭𑀤𑀺 (alternative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: मरना (marnā)

Urdu: مَرْنَا (marnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: মৰা (mora)

Bengali: মরা (mora)

Sylheti: ꠝꠞꠣ (mora)

Odia: ମରିବା (maribā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: मर्नु (marnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮਰਨਾ (marnā)

Shahmukhi script: مَرْنَا (marnā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: مَرَڻُ (maraṇu)

Devanagari script: मरणु (maraṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: मरणे (marṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: મરવું (marvũ)

Marwari: मरणौ (marṇau)

Romani: merel

Prakrit verb set
 𑀫𑀭𑀇 (maraï)
 𑀫𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀇 (mārei)
Etymology tree
Sanskrit मर॑ति (márati)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀭𑀇 (maraï)
Inherited from Sanskrit मर॑ति (márati). Cognate with Pali marati.


𑀧𑀸𑀟𑁂𑀇

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पाडेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಾಡೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀧𑀸𑀟𑁂𑀇 (pāḍei) (Devanagari पाडेइ, Kannada ಪಾಡೇಇ) (transitive)

pāḍei (romanization)
पाडेइ (Devanagari)
ಪಾಡೇಇ (Kannada)

Old Marathi: 𑘢𑘰𑘚𑘜𑘹 (pāḍaṇe)

Marathi: पाडणे (pāḍṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀧𑀟𑀇 (paḍaï)
 𑀧𑀸𑀟𑁂𑀇 (pāḍei)
Inherited from Sanskrit पातयति (pātayati, “to throw, cause to fly or fall”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pāt(H)áyati, from Proto-Indo-European *pot(h₂)-éye-ti (“to fly”), from the root *pet(h₂)- (“to fly”). Cognate with Pali pāteti.


𑀔𑀡𑀇

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खणइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಖಣಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀔𑀡𑀇 (khaṇaï) (Devanagari खणइ, Kannada ಖಣಇ) (transitive)

khaṇaï (romanization)
खणइ (Devanagari)
ಖಣಇ (Kannada)

Konkani: khaṇce, khaṇūka

Devanagari script: खण्चे, खणूक

Kannada script: ಖಣ್ಛೆ, ಖಂನೂಕ

Latin script: khannche, khannuk

desctree

Old Marathi: 𑘏𑘜𑘜𑘹 (khaṇaṇe), 𑘏𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹 (khāṇaṇe, “to dig”)
Marathi: (khaṇṇe)
Devanagari script: खणणे
Modi script: 𑘏𑘜𑘜𑘹
Varhadi: (khānna) (< Old Marathi 𑘏𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹 (khāṇaṇe))
Devanagari script: खाननं
Modi script: 𑘏𑘰𑘡𑘡𑘽

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀔𑀦𑀢𑀺 (khanati). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀔𑀡𑀤𑀺 (khaṇadi).


𑀯𑀳𑀽

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">वहू</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ವಹೂ</i>

𑀯𑀳𑀽 (vahū) f (Devanagari वहू, Kannada ವಹೂ)

vahū (romanization)
वहू (Devanagari)
ವಹೂ (Kannada)
𑀯𑀳𑀽 (nominative singular)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀯𑀳𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀯𑀳𑀽 (singular vocative)
𑀯𑀳𑀽𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀯𑀳𑀽 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit वधू (vadhū́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wadʰúHs, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wadʰúHs, from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ-úHs, from *wedʰ- (“to bind, lead”). Cognate with Pali vadhū.


𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">साहा</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಾಹಾ</i>

𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸 (sāhā) f (Devanagari साहा, Kannada ಸಾಹಾ)

sāhā (romanization)
साहा (Devanagari)
ಸಾಹಾ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀸 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit शाखा (śā́khā́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *śā́kʰaH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćā́kʰaH, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱókh₂eh₂ (“branch”). Cognate with Pali sākhā.


𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀼

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">धेणु</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಧೇಣು</i>

𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀼 (dheṇu) f (Devanagari धेणु, Kannada ಧೇಣು)

dheṇu (romanization)
धेणु (Devanagari)
ಧೇಣು (Kannada)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽 (nominative singular)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽 (singular vocative)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀽 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit धेनु (dhenú), from the root धे (dhe, “to suck”). Cognate with Pali dhenu.


𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पेच्छइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪೆಚ್ಛಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (pĕcchaï) (Devanagari पेच्छइ, Kannada ಪೆಚ್ಛಇ) (transitive)

pĕcchaï (romanization)
पेच्छइ (Devanagari)
ಪೆಚ್ಛಇ (Kannada)

𑀪𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀅𑀭𑁄 𑀧𑁂𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮𑀁 𑀲𑀸-𑀯𑀺 𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀅𑀁𑀤𑀁
𑀢𑀁 𑀘𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀼𑀅𑀁 𑀓𑀭𑀁𑀓𑀁 𑀤𑁄𑀡𑁆𑀳-𑀯𑀺 𑀓𑀸𑀆 𑀯𑀺𑀮𑀼𑀁𑀧𑀁𑀢𑀺
bhicchaaro pĕcchaï ṇāhimaṃḍalaṃ sā-vi tassa muhaaṃdaṃ

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 162

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
While the begging monk looks down at her navel, and the housewife looks at the moon of his face
The crows plunder the dish in her hands, and the begging bowl in his.

taṃ caṭṭuaṃ karaṃkaṃ dŏṇha-vi kāā viluṃpaṃti

𑀧𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 𑀧𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇#Prakrit

alternative form of 𑀧𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (pĕkkhaï, “to look at”)


𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उण्ह</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ઉણ્હ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉಣ್ಹ</i>

𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳 (uṇha) (Devanagari उण्ह, Gujarati ઉણ્હ, Kannada ಉಣ್ಹ)

tlb

(attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī, Śaurasenī)

uṇha (romanization)
उण्ह (Devanagari)
ઉણ્હ (Gujarati)
ಉಣ್ಹ (Kannada)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀻 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Konkani: हून (hūn)

desctree

Old Marathi: 𑘄𑘡𑘿𑘮 (unha), 𑘄𑘡 (una)
Marathi: ऊन (ūn)

Inherited from Sanskrit उष्ण (uṣṇá). Cognate with Pali uṇha.

hot (having or giving off a high temperature)


𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भज्जा</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಭಜ್ಜಾ</i>

𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (bhajjā) f (Devanagari भज्जा, Kannada ಭಜ್ಜಾ)

bhajjā (romanization)
भज्जा (Devanagari)
ಭಜ್ಜಾ (Kannada)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀪𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀆 (alternative)

Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘰𑘕 (bhāja), 𑘥𑘰𑘕𑘰 (bhājā)

Inherited from Sanskrit भार्या (bhāryā̀). Cognate with Pali bhariyā.


𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बंधु</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಬಂಧು</i>

𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼 (baṃdhu) m (Devanagari बंधु, Kannada ಬಂಧು)

baṃdhu (romanization)
बंधु (Devanagari)
ಬಂಧು (Kannada)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽 (nominative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀽 (singular vocative)

From Sanskrit बन्धु (bándhu). Cognate with Pali bandhu.


𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">करेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಕರೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀇 (karei) (Devanagari करेइ, Kannada ಕರೇಇ) (transitive)

karei (romanization)
करेइ (Devanagari)
ಕರೇಇ (Kannada)
𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀓𑀭𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀓𑀮𑁂𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀓𑀮𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀓𑀭𑀇 (alternative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: करना (karnā)

Urdu: کرنا (karnā)

Old Awadhi: करइ (karaï)

Awadhi: करब (karab)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: কৰ (kor), কৰিব (koribo)

Bengali: করা (kora)

Rajbanshi: कर्बा

Rohingya: gor

Sylheti: ꠇꠞꠣ (xora)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: करल (karal)

Maithili: करब (karab)

Odia: କରିବା (karibā)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Dhivehi: ކުރަނީ (kuranī)

Sinhalese: කරනවා (karanawā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: कर्णो (karṇo), कन (kan)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: गर्नु (garnu)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: केर्नू (kernū)

Garhwali: करणु (karṇu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕਰਨਾ (karnā)

Shahmukhi script: کَرنا (karnā)

Saraiki: کرݨ (karaṇ)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڪَرَڻُ

Devanagari script: करणु

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: कर्चे (karce)

Kannada script: ಕರ್ಚೆ (karce)

Latin script: karche

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘎𑘨𑘜𑘹 (karaṇe)

Devanagari script: करणे (karaṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Ahirani: करनं (karna)

desctree

Old Gujarati: करिवउं (karivaũ)
Gujarati: કરવું (karvũ)
Marwari: करणौ (karṇau)
Mewari: करणो (karṇo)

Romani: kerel

Prakrit verb set
 𑀓𑀻𑀭𑀇 (kīraï)
 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀇 (karei)
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-
Proto-Indo-European *-néwti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥náwti
Sanskrit कृ॒णोति॑ (kṛṇóti)
Sanskrit क॒रोति॑ (karóti)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (karoti)
Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀇 (karei)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (karoti), from Sanskrit क॒रोति॑ (karóti), from कृ॒णोति॑ (kṛṇóti), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥náwti, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- + *-néwti. Cognate with Pali karoti.


𑀧𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पालेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಾಲೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀧𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀇 (pālei) (Devanagari पालेइ, Kannada ಪಾಲೇಇ) (transitive)

pālei (romanization)
पालेइ (Devanagari)
ಪಾಲೇಇ (Kannada)

desc

Old Marathi: 𑘢𑘩𑘜𑘹 (palaṇe), 𑘢𑘰𑘩𑘜𑘹 (pālaṇe), 𑘢𑘰𑘯𑘜𑘹 (pāḷaṇe)

Marathi: पाळणे (pāḷṇe)

From Sanskrit पालयति (pāláyati). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀤𑀺 (pāledi), Pali pāleti.


𑀲𑀭𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सरइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸರಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀲𑀭𑀇 (saraï) (Devanagari सरइ, Kannada ಸರಇ) (intransitive)

saraï (romanization)
सरइ (Devanagari)
ಸರಇ (Kannada)

Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘨𑘜𑘹 (saraṇe)

Marathi: सरणे (sarṇe)

From Sanskrit सरति (sárati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *sárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sárati, from Proto-Indo-European *sél-e-ti, from *sel- (“to run, flow”). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀭𑀤𑀺 (saradi), Pali sarati.


𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णस्सइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಣಸ್ಸಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇 (ṇassaï) (Devanagari णस्सइ, Kannada ಣಸ್ಸಇ) (intransitive)

ṇassaï (romanization)
णस्सइ (Devanagari)
ಣಸ್ಸಇ (Kannada)
𑀡𑀸𑀲𑀇 (alternative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: नासना (nāsnā)

Urdu: ناسْنا (nāsnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Odia: ନସିବା (nasibā, “to be destroyed”)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: නසිනවා (nasinawā, “to die”)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: नास्णो (nāsṇo)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਨੱਸਣਾ (nassaṇā)

Shahmukhi script: نَسّݨا (nassṇā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

desc

Old Marathi: 𑘡𑘰𑘭𑘜𑘹 (nāsaṇe), 𑘡𑘰𑘫𑘜𑘹 (nāśaṇe)

Marathi: नासणे (nāsṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: નાસવું (nāsvũ)

Romani: naśel, našel (Pan-Vlax)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *neḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *náćyati
Sanskrit नश्य॑ति (náśyati)
Prakrit 𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇 (ṇassaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit नश्य॑ति (náśyati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *náćyati, from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- + *-yeti. Cognate with Pali nassati.

etymon

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀕𑀡𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गणेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗಣೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀕𑀡𑁂𑀇 (gaṇei) (Devanagari गणेइ, Kannada ಗಣೇಇ) (transitive)

gaṇei (romanization)
गणेइ (Devanagari)
ಗಣೇಇ (Kannada)
𑀕𑀡𑀇 (alternative)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀦𑀤𑀺 (ganadi)

Awadhi: गनब (ganab)

Hindustani: ginnā

Hindi: गिनना

Urdu: گننا

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: গণিব (gonibo)

Bengali: গোনা (gōna), গণা (gona)

Bihari: गिनब

Bhojpuri: गनल (ganal)

Maithili: गनब (ganab)

Odia: ଗଣିବା (gaṇibā)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: गण्णो (gaṇṇo)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: गन्नु (gannu)

Western Pahari:

Jaunsari: गण्नोँ (gaṇnō̃)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: giṇṇā

Gurmukhi script: ਗਿਣਣਾ

Shahmukhi script: گِݨَّہ

Lahnda: گݨݨ (gaṇaṇ)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: gaṇaṇu

Arabic script: گَڻَڻُ

Devanagari script: गणणु

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގުނަނީ (gunanī)

Sinhalese: ගණිනවා (gaṇinawā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀡𑀇 (gaṇaï)

Old Marathi: 𑘐𑘜𑘜𑘹 (gaṇaṇe)

Marathi: गणणे (gaṇṇe)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀦𑀤𑀺 (ganadi)

Old Gujarati: गिनइ (ginaï)

Gujarati: ગણવું (gaṇvũ)

From Sanskrit गणयति (gaṇayati). Cognate with Pali gaṇeti.


𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंसु</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಂಸು</i>

𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼 (aṃsu) n (Devanagari अंसु, Kannada ಅಂಸು)

aṃsu (romanization)
अंसु (Devanagari)
ಅಂಸು (Kannada)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀡𑀺 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀡𑀺 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽𑀡𑀺 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀽 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀼 (alternative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Bhil:

Vaghri: અસ્સૂ (assū)

Hindustani:

Hindi: आँसू (ā̃sū)

Urdu: آنسو (ā̃sū)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: आशू (āśū)

Old Marathi: 𑘀𑘭𑘳 (asu), 𑘁𑘭𑘳 (āsu)

Marathi: आसू (āsū)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: આંસુ (ā̃su)

Marwari: आंहू (ā̃hū)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱru
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru
Sanskrit अश्रु॑ (áśru)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼 (aṃsu)
Inherited from Sanskrit अश्रु॑ (áśru), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱru, from *h₂eḱ-. Cognate with Pali assu.

etymon

tear (drop of clear salty liquid from the eyes)


𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अट्ठि</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">અટ્ઠિ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಟ್ಠಿ</i>

𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (aṭṭhi) n (Devanagari अट्ठि, Gujarati અટ્ઠિ, Kannada ಅಟ್ಠಿ)

tlb

(attested in Ardhamāgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

aṭṭhi (romanization)
अट्ठि (Devanagari)
અટ્ઠિ (Gujarati)
ಅಟ್ಠಿ (Kannada)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡𑀺 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡𑀺 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀡𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡𑀺 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit *अष्ठि (aṣṭhi, “bone of the elbow/knee”) (compare अस्थि (ásthi)). Cognate with Pali aṭṭhi.

inh+

𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺#Prakrit

(anatomy) alternative form of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (atthi, “bone”)


𑀫𑀭𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मरहट्ठी</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮರಹಟ್ಠೀ</i>

𑀫𑀭𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (marahaṭṭhī) f (Devanagari मरहट्ठी, Kannada ಮರಹಟ್ಠೀ)

marahaṭṭhī (romanization)
मरहट्ठी (Devanagari)
ಮರಹಟ್ಠೀ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀭𑀟𑀻 (alternative)

desctree

Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘨𑘿𑘮𑘰𑘘𑘲 (marhāṭī)
Marathi: मराठी (marāṭhī)

Inherited from Sanskrit माहाराष्ट्री (māhārāṣṭrī), feminine of माहाराष्ट्र (māhārāṣṭra, vṛddhi derivative of महाराष्ट्र (mahārāṣṭra)). Related to 𑀫𑀭𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀞 (marahaṭṭha).

inh

माहाराष्ट्री

Sanskrit माहाराष्ट्री (māhārāṣṭrī)

inh+

माहाराष्ट्री


𑀫𑀭𑀟𑀻

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मरडी</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮರಡೀ</i>

𑀫𑀭𑀟𑀻 (maraḍī) f (Devanagari मरडी, Kannada ಮರಡೀ)

maraḍī (romanization)
मरडी (Devanagari)
ಮರಡೀ (Kannada)

𑀫𑀭𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 𑀫𑀭𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻#Prakrit

alternative form of 𑀫𑀭𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (marahaṭṭhī, “Maharashtri Prakrit”)


𑀅𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अरण्ण</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">અરણ્ણ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅರಣ್ಣ</i>

𑀅𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (araṇṇa) n (Devanagari अरण्ण, Gujarati અરણ્ણ, Kannada ಅರಣ್ಣ)

araṇṇa (romanization)
अरण्ण (Devanagari)
અરણ્ણ (Gujarati)
ಅರಣ್ಣ (Kannada)

𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡#Prakrit


𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">रण्ण</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">રણ્ણ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ರಣ್ಣ</i>

𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (raṇṇa) n (Devanagari रण्ण, Gujarati રણ્ણ, Kannada ರಣ್ಣ)

raṇṇa (romanization)
रण्ण (Devanagari)
રણ્ણ (Gujarati)
ರಣ್ಣ (Kannada)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (alternative)

q

< <i class="Brah mention" lang="pra">𑀅𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡</i> (araṇṇa)

Old Gujarati: अरंन (araṃna) (< 𑀅𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (araṇṇa))

Gujarati: રણ (raṇ)

Hindustani: ran

Hindi: रन

Urdu: رن

Konkani: रान (rān)

Old Marathi: 𑘀𑘨𑘜 (araṇa), 𑘨𑘰𑘡 (rāna)

Marathi: रान (rān)

Inherited from Sanskrit अरण्य (áraṇya). Cognate with Pali arañña.


𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">महिस</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮಹಿಸ</i>

𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲 (mahisa) m (Devanagari महिस, Kannada ಮಹಿಸ, feminine 𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀻)

mahisa (romanization)
महिस (Devanagari)
ಮಹಿಸ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲 𑀻 (feminine)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀤𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀸 (plural vocative)

Early Assamese: মহিষ (mohiṣo)

desc

Assamese: ম’হ (möh), মোইহ (müih), মুইহ (muih)

Bengali: মোষ (mōś), ভঁইস (bhõiś)

Konkani: म्हस (mhas)

Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘺𑘭𑘰 (mhaisā)

Marathi: म्हैसा (mhaisā)

Hindustani:

Hindi: भैंस (bha͠is)

Urdu: بَھین٘س (bha͠is)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮਹਿੰਸ (mahins), ਮਹਿੰਹ (mahĩh), ਮ੍ਹੈਂਸ (mhains)

Shahmukhi script: مَن٘ہِس (maṉhis), مَن٘ہِہ (maṉhih), مَھین٘س (mhaeṉs)

Sylheti: ꠜꠂꠡ (bóiśo)


𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जण्णोववीय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಣ್ಣೋವವೀಯ</i>

𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀬 (jaṇṇovavīya) n (Devanagari जण्णोववीय, Kannada ಜಣ್ಣೋವವೀಯ)

jaṇṇovavīya (romanization)
जण्णोववीय (Devanagari)
ಜಣ್ಣೋವವೀಯ (Kannada)

𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀅 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀅#Prakrit

hiatus-filler form of 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀅 (jaṇṇovavīa)


𑀮𑁄𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">लोय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಲೋಯ</i>

𑀮𑁄𑀬 (loya) m (Devanagari लोय, Kannada ಲೋಯ)

loya (romanization)
लोय (Devanagari)
ಲೋಯ (Kannada)


𑀆𑀡𑁂𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">आणेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಆಣೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀆𑀡𑁂𑀇 (āṇei) (Devanagari आणेइ, Kannada ಆಣೇಇ) (transitive)

āṇei (romanization)
आणेइ (Devanagari)
ಆಣೇಇ (Kannada)

Old Marathi: aṇaṇe, āṇaṇe

Modi script: 𑘀𑘜𑘜𑘹, 𑘁𑘜𑘜𑘹

Devanagari script: अणणे, आणणे

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀆𑀦𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānayati). By surface analysis, 𑀆- (ā-) + 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀆𑀡𑁂𑀤𑀺 (āṇedi), Pali āneti.


𑀮𑀆

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">लआ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಲಆ</i>

laā (romanization)
लआ (Devanagari)
ಲಆ (Kannada)
𑀮𑀆 (nominative singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀮𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀮𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀮𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀮𑀆𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀮𑀆𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀮𑀏 (singular vocative)
𑀮𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀮𑀆𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀮𑀆𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀮𑀆 (plural vocative)
𑀮𑀬𑀸 (alternative)
𑀮𑀤𑀸 (alternative)

Inherited from Sanskrit लता (latā). Related to 𑀮𑀇𑀆 (laïā). Cognate with Gandhari 𐨫𐨡 (lada), Niya Prakrit 𐨫𐨡 (lada), Pali latā.


𑀮𑀬𑀸

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">लया</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಲಯಾ</i>

𑀮𑀬𑀸 (layā) f (Devanagari लया, Kannada ಲಯಾ)

layā (romanization)
लया (Devanagari)
ಲಯಾ (Kannada)


𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">रुक्ख</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ರುಕ್ಖ</i>

𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (rukkha) m (Devanagari रुक्ख, Kannada ರುಕ್ಖ)

rukkha (romanization)
रुक्ख (Devanagari)
ರುಕ್ಖ (Kannada)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (singular vocative)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (plural vocative)

Old Marathi: 𑘨𑘳𑘏 (rukha), 𑘨𑘳𑘽𑘏 (ruṃkha)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (*rukkha), from Sanskrit वृक्ष (vṛkṣá) (compare रुक्ष (rukṣa), रूक्ष (rūkṣa)), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wr̥ṭṣás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥ćšás. Doublet of 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙 (vaccha). Cognate with Pali rukkha.


𑀧𑀸𑀲𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पासइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಾಸಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀧𑀸𑀲𑀇 (pāsaï) (Devanagari पासइ, Kannada ಪಾಸಇ) (transitive)

pāsaï (romanization)
पासइ (Devanagari)
ಪಾಸಇ (Kannada)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀧𑀲𑀢𑀺 (pasati), from Sanskrit पश्यति (páśyati). Cognate with Pali passati.


𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अच्छइ</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">અચ્છઇ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಚ್ಛಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (acchaï) (Devanagari अच्छइ, Gujarati અચ્છઇ, Kannada ಅಚ್ಛಇ) (intransitive)

acchaï (romanization)
अच्छइ (Devanagari)
અચ્છઇ (Gujarati)
ಅಚ್ಛಇ (Kannada)
𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (alternative)
𑀳𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (alternative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: अछना (achnā)

Urdu: اَچْھنا (achnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: আছে (ase)

Bengali: আছ- (ach-)

Sylheti: ꠀꠍꠦ (asé)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: asaṇe

Devanagari script: असणे

Modi script: 𑘀𑘭𑘜𑘹
Marathi: असणे (asṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: अछइ (achaï), छइ (chaï)

Ahirani: से (se), शे (śe)

Middle Gujarati: छै

Gujarati: છે (che)

desctree

Romani: aćhel, acsel, áshel (Hungary), aćhol (International Standard), ačhel, ačhol (Pan-Vlax), ачел (Cyrillic)
→ Hungarian: ácsi

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd
Sanskrit आ (ā)
Sanskrit आ- (ā-)
Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *tḱey-
Proto-Indo-European *tḱéyti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáyti
Sanskrit क्षेति॑ (kṣéti)
Sanskrit आक्षे॑ति (ā́kṣeti)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 (achati)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (acchaï)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 (achati), from Sanskrit आक्षे॑ति (ā́kṣeti), from आ- (ā-) + क्षेति॑ (kṣéti). Cognate with Pali acchati.

etymon

अच्छउ ता जणवाओ हिअअं चिअ अत्तणो तुह पमाणं ।
तह तं सि मंदणेहो जह ण उवालंभजोग्गो सि ॥
acchaü tā jaṇavāo hiaaṃ cia attaṇo tuha pamāṇaṃ .

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 201

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Never mind the gossip:
Judge by your own feelings.
Anyway,
You have grown so cool
That you are beyond reproach.

taha taṃ si maṃdaṇeho jaha ṇa uvālaṃbhajŏggo si .


𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">हिरण्ण</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">હિરણ્ણ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಹಿರಣ್ಣ</i>

𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (hiraṇṇa) n (Devanagari हिरण्ण, Gujarati હિરણ્ણ, Kannada ಹಿರಣ್ಣ)

hiraṇṇa (romanization)
हिरण्ण (Devanagari)
હિરણ્ણ (Gujarati)
ಹಿರಣ್ಣ (Kannada)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀁𑀦 (hiraṃna).

inh+

𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀡𑀁 𑀲𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀮𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀆𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀺𑀬𑁄𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡-𑀓𑁄𑀟𑀻 𑀦𑀺𑀳𑀸𑀡-𑀧𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸, 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺-𑀧𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸, 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 𑀧𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀭-𑀧𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸, 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁂 𑀯𑀏 𑀤𑀲-𑀕𑁄-𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀡𑀁 𑀯𑀏𑀡𑀁
tassa ṇaṃ saddālaputtassa ājīviyovāsagassa ĕkkā hiraṇṇa-koḍī nihāṇa-paüttā, ĕkkā vaḍḍhi-paüttā, ĕkkā pavitthara-paüttā, ĕkke vae dasa-go-sāhassieṇaṃ vaeṇaṃ

That Saddālaputta, the follower of the Ājīviyas, had one kroṛ of gold placed in deposit, one kroṛ put out at interest, one kroṛ invested in estate, and one herd with ten thousand head of cattle.


𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सारिच्छ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಾರಿಚ್ಛ</i>

𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (sāriccha) n (Devanagari सारिच्छ, Kannada ಸಾರಿಚ್ಛ)

sāriccha (romanization)
सारिच्छ (Devanagari)
ಸಾರಿಚ್ಛ (Kannada)

Inherited from Sanskrit सादृश्य (sādṛśya). Related to 𑀲𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (sariccha). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sārikkha), Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sārikkha), Pali sarikkha.


पुरिस

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<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">પુરિસ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪುರಿಸ</i>

पुरिस (purisa) m (Gujarati પુરિસ, Kannada ಪುರಿಸ)

tlb

(attested in Ardhamāgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

purisa (romanization)
પુરિસ (Gujarati)
ಪುರಿಸ (Kannada)

𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲#Prakrit


𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पुरिस</i>

𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (purisa) m (Devanagari पुरिस, Gujarati પુરિસ, Kannada ಪುರಿಸ)

purisa (romanization)
पुरिस (Devanagari)
પુરિસ (Gujarati)
ಪುರಿಸ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀲 (alternative)
𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀰 (alternative)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: پُرِهُ

Devanagari script: पुरिहु

⇒ *𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲-𑀓 (*purisa-ka)

Hindi: पुरसा (pursā)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀲 (pulisa), from Sanskrit पुरुष (púriṣa). Cognate with Niya Prakrit 𐨤𐨂𐨪𐨂𐨮 (puruṣa), Gandhari 𐨤𐨂𐨪𐨂𐨮 (puruṣa), Pali purisa.


𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सरस्सई</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸರಸ್ಸಈ</i>

𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (sarassaī) f (Devanagari सरस्सई, Kannada ಸರಸ್ಸಈ)

sarassaī (romanization)
सरस्सई (Devanagari)
ಸರಸ್ಸಈ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀤𑀻 (alternative)

Inherited from Sanskrit सरस्वती (sárasvatī).

inh+

(Hinduism) Sarasvati (Hindu goddess of knowledge and the arts)


𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मज्झण्ह</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">મજ્ઝણ્હ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮಜ್ಝಣ್ಹ</i>

𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳 (majjhaṇha) m (Devanagari मज्झण्ह, Gujarati મજ્ઝણ્હ, Kannada ಮಜ್ಝಣ್ಹ)

tlb

(attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

majjhaṇha (romanization)
मज्झण्ह (Devanagari)
મજ્ઝણ્હ (Gujarati)
ಮಜ್ಝಣ್ಹ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀡 (alternative)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀫𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀦 (madhyāhna). Cognate with Pali majjhanha, majjhaṇha.

inh+

𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲-𑀯𑀺 𑀕𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 𑀧𑀳𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀳𑀭𑀇 𑀲𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀯𑀁
𑀳𑀺𑀅𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀅𑀚𑀸𑀆𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀫𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀚𑁄𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀚𑀮𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀯𑀳𑁄
majjhaṇhapatthiassa-vi gimhe pahiassa haraï saṃtāvaṃ

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 399

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
In the midday heat of summer the mere thought of the refreshing stream of cool moonlight
From his wife’s round face restores the traveler.

𑀫𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀦𑁂 𑀳𑀂 𑁈𑁮𑁪𑁈
𑀫𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀦𑁂 𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀬 𑀮𑀼𑀕𑁆 𑀯𑀸 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺𑁇 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀦𑁆𑀦𑁄 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁄𑁇
madhyāhne haḥ .84.

c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 2, 84

madhyāhne hasya lug vā bhavati. majjhanno majjhaṇho.


𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">लच्छी</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಲಚ್ಛೀ</i>

𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (lacchī) f (Devanagari लच्छी, Kannada ಲಚ್ಛೀ)

lacchī (romanization)
लच्छी (Devanagari)
ಲಚ್ಛೀ (Kannada)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (plural vocative)

Old Gujarati: लाछि (lāchi)

Gujarati: લાછ (lāch)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: लाछ (lāch), लाछी (lāchī)

Mahajani script: 𑅮𑅚 (lch), 𑅮𑅚𑅑 (lchi)

Inherited from Sanskrit लक्ष्मी (lakṣmī́). Cognate with Pali lakkhī.

inh+

𑀆𑀭𑀁𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀥𑀼𑀅𑀁 𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 𑀫𑀭𑀡𑀁-𑀯 𑀳𑁄𑀇 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲
𑀢𑀁 𑀫𑀭𑀡𑀁 𑀅𑀡𑀸𑀭𑀁𑀪𑁂-𑀯𑀺 𑀳𑁄𑀇 𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 𑀉𑀡 𑀡 𑀳𑁄𑀇
āraṃbhaṃtassa dhuaṃ lacchī maraṇaṃ-va hoi purisassa

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 42

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
If a man shows initiative, there is the prospect of either wealth or death.
Even if he lacks initiative, death is certain, wealth is not.

taṃ maraṇaṃ aṇāraṃbhe-vi hoi lacchī uṇa ṇa hoi


𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पुहवी</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪುಹವೀ</i>

𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (puhavī) f (Devanagari पुहवी, Kannada ಪುಹವೀ)

puhavī (romanization)
पुहवी (Devanagari)
ಪುಹವೀ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (plural vocative)

From Sanskrit पृथिवी (pṛthivī́). Cognate with Pali paṭhavī, Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀠𑀯𑀻 (puḍhavī).


𑀚𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಇ</i>

jaï (romanization)
जइ (Devanagari)
ಜಇ (Kannada)

Old Bengali: জই

Old Gujarati: जइ (jaï)

Marwari: जे (je), जै (jai), जइ (jai)

Maithili:

Devanagari script: जँ (jã), जऽ (ja²), ज' (ja')

Tirhuta script: 𑒖𑒿 (jã), 𑒖𑓄, 𑒖' (ja')

Old Marathi: jaiṃ

Devanagari script: जैं

Modi script: 𑘕𑘺𑘽

Old Punjabi: ਜਿ (ji), ਜੇ (je)

Punjabi: jē

Gurmukhi script: ਜੇ

Shahmukhi script: جے

⇒ Old Punjabi: ਜੇਕਰਿ (jēkari)

Sindhi: je

Arabic script: جي

Devanagari script: जे

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𐨩𐨡𐨁 (yadi). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀤𑀺 (jadi), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀬𑀇 (yaï), 𑀬𑀤𑀺 (yadi), Pali yadi.

inh+

𑀚𑀇 𑀲𑁄 𑀡 𑀯𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀳𑁄-𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀺𑀅 𑀕𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀳𑀡𑁂𑀡 𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀲𑀳𑀺 𑀓𑀻𑀲
𑀳𑁄𑀇 𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀁 𑀢𑁂 𑀭𑀯𑀺𑀅𑀭-𑀨𑀁𑀲𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀁-𑀯 𑀢𑀸𑀫𑀭𑀲𑀁
jaï so ṇa vallaho-ccia gŏttaggahaṇeṇa tassa sahi kīsa

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 343

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
If he is not dear to you, how comes it, my friend, that at the mere mention of his name
Your face opens like a lotus touched by the rays of the sun?

hoi muhaṃ te raviara-phaṃsavisaṭṭaṃ-va tāmarasaṃ


𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उज्जु</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ઉજ્જુ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉಜ್ಜು</i>

𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼 (ujju) (Devanagari उज्जु, Gujarati ઉજ્જુ, Kannada ಉಜ್ಜು)

ujju (romanization)
उज्जु (Devanagari)
ઉજ્જુ (Gujarati)
ಉಜ್ಜು (Kannada)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: उजु (uju)

Modi script: 𑘄𑘕𑘳 (uju)

Inherited from Sanskrit ऋजु (ṛjú, “straight”). Cognate with Pali uju.

inh+

𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼-𑀅𑀭𑀏 𑀡 𑀢𑀽𑀲𑀇 𑀯𑀁𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺-𑀯𑀺 𑀆𑀅𑀫𑀁 𑀯𑀺𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇
𑀏𑀢𑁆𑀣 𑀅𑀳𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀇 𑀫𑀏 𑀧𑀺𑀏 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀁 𑀓𑀳 𑀡𑀼 𑀓𑀸𑀅𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀁?
ujju-arae ṇa tūsaï vaṃkammi-vi āamaṃ viappei

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 476

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Straightforward pleasure doesn’t satisfy him, he says, and if I spice it up, he wonders who taught me that.
As I always get it wrong, how will I ever make him happy?

ĕttha ahavvāi mae pie piaṃ kaha ṇu kāavvaṃ?


𑀚𑀳𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जहा</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">જહા</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಹಾ</i>

𑀚𑀳𑀸 (jahā) (Devanagari जहा, Gujarati જહા, Kannada ಜಹಾ)

jahā (romanization)
जहा (Devanagari)
જહા (Gujarati)
ಜಹಾ (Kannada)


𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पिसाअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಿಸಾಅ</i>

𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 (pisāa) m (Devanagari पिसाअ, Kannada ಪಿಸಾಅ)

pisāa (romanization)
पिसाअ (Devanagari)
ಪಿಸಾಅ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀬 (alternative)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: पिसो (piso)

Kannada script: ಪಿಸೊ (piso)

Latin script: piso

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: पिस (pisa), पिसें (piseṃ), पिसी (pisī)

Modi script: 𑘢𑘲𑘭 (pīsa), 𑘢𑘲𑘭𑘹𑘽 (pīseṃ), 𑘢𑘲𑘭𑘲 (pīsī)

From Sanskrit पिशाच (piśācá). Cognate with Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀬 (pisāya), Pali pisāca.

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀲𑀅

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಅ</i>

saa (romanization)
सअ (Devanagari)
ಸಅ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀅𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀆𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀆𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀆𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀆𑀇 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀬 (alternative)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: -शे (-śe)

Kannada script: -ಶೆ (-śe)

Latin script: -xem

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: श्ये (śye), सें (seṃ)

Modi script: 𑘫𑘿𑘧𑘹 (śye), 𑘭𑘹𑘽 (seṃ)

PIE word
 *ḱm̥tóm
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀲𑀢 (sata), from Sanskrit शत (śatá, “hundred”). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀤 (sada), Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀲𑀬 (saya), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀰𑀤 (śada), Pali sata.


𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गोहूम</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗೋಹೂಮ</i>

𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma) m (Devanagari गोहूम, Kannada ಗೋಹೂಮ)

gohūma (romanization)
गोहूम (Devanagari)
ಗೋಹೂಮ (Kannada)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: गेहूँ (gehū̃)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)

Romani: giv, ghiu

Lomavren: gihu, giu

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: गोहूँ (gohū̃), गेहूँ (gehū̃), गहूँ (gahū̃)

Urdu: گوہُوں (gohū̃), گیہُوں (gehū̃), گَہُوں (gahū̃)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ঘেঁহু (ghẽhu), গম (gom), গোম (güm), ঘেঁহু (ghẽhu), গোমধান (gümodhan)

Bengali: গম (gom), গোম (gōm), গম (gom)

→ Burmese: ဂျုံ (gyum)

Bihari: गोहुँ (gohũ), गहुम (gahum)

Bhojpuri: गोहूँ (gōhū̃)

Maithili: गोहुम (gōhum), गहूम (gahūm)

Odia: ଗହୁଁ (gahũ), ଗହମ (gahama)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: गेवुँ (gevũ)

Kumaoni: ग्यूँ (gyū̃)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: गहुँ (gahũ), गउँ (ga͠u)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: गहूं (gahū̃), गेउं (geũ)

Pangwali: गिऊंह (giū̃h)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Vracada Apabhramsa:

गेहूं//گيهُون

Sindhi: गेहूं /گيهُون (g̠ehū̃)

Sindhi: गेहूं /گيهُون (g̠ehū̃)

Jadgali: [script needed] (gī̃ū̃)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގޮދަން (godan̊)

Sinhalese: ගොයම (goyama)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)

Konkani: gãv

Devanagari script: गंव

Kannada script: ಗಂವ್

Latin script: gonv

Marathi: गहू (gahū)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Gujarati: ઘઉં (ghaũ), ઘઉં (ghaũ)

Inherited from Sanskrit गोधूम (godhū́ma). Cognate with Pali godhūma, Niya Prakrit 𐨒𐨆𐨡𐨂𐨨 (goduma), Gandhari 𐨒𐨆𐨢𐨂𐨨 (godhuma).


𑀣𑁄𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">थोअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಥೋಅ</i>

𑀣𑁄𑀅 (thoa) (Devanagari थोअ, Kannada ಥೋಅ)

thoa (romanization)
थोअ (Devanagari)
ಥೋಅ (Kannada)
𑀣𑁄𑀕 (alternative)
𑀣𑁄𑀬 (alternative)
𑀣𑁄𑀯 (alternative)

Inherited from Sanskrit स्तोक (stoká, “drop, dot”). Cognate with Pali thoka.

inh+

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀙𑀸𑀆

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छाआ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಛಾಆ</i>

𑀙𑀸𑀆 (chāā) f (Devanagari छाआ, Kannada ಛಾಆ)

tlb

(attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī, Māgadhī)

chāā (romanization)
छाआ (Devanagari)
ಛಾಆ (Kannada)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (nominative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀏 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (alternative)
𑀙𑀸𑀈 (alternative)

Punjabi: ਛਾ (chā)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā), from Sanskrit छाया (chāyā́). Cognate with Pali chāyā.

inh+

𑀙𑀸𑀳𑀸

light; see there for further descendants

सावली

*𑀙𑀸𑀆-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀆 ~ *𑀙𑀸𑀆-𑀉𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀆 (*chāā-illa-iā ~ *chāā-ulla-iā)


𑀣𑁄𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">थोय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಥೋಯ</i>

𑀣𑁄𑀬 (thoya) (Devanagari थोय, Kannada ಥೋಯ)

thoya (romanization)
थोय (Devanagari)
ಥೋಯ (Kannada)


𑀓𑀸𑀅

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">काअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಕಾಅ</i>

𑀓𑀸𑀅 (kāa) m (Devanagari काअ, Kannada ಕಾಅ, feminine 𑀓𑀸𑀈)

kāa (romanization)
काअ (Devanagari)
ಕಾಅ (Kannada)
𑀓𑀸𑀈 (feminine)
𑀓𑀸𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (plural vocative)
𑀓𑀸𑀬 (alternative)

Inherited from Sanskrit काक (kā́ka, “crow”, onomatopoeia). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀕 (kāga), Pali kāka.

onom

onomatopoeia

inh+

𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀥𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀁𑀢𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀸 𑀮𑀁𑀯𑀺𑀅𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 𑀡𑀺𑀉𑀁𑀘𑀺𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸
𑀯𑀇𑀯𑁂𑀠𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀓𑀸𑀆 𑀲𑀽𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡-𑀯𑁆𑀯 𑀤𑀻𑀲𑀁𑀢𑀺
dhārādhuvvaṃtamuhā laṃviavakkhā ṇiuṃciaggīvā

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 564

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
The crows on the boundary fence with their faces bedraggled, their wings drooping, their necks sunken,
Look as though they had been impaled.


𑀳𑀽𑀅

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">हूअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಹೂಅ</i>

hūa (romanization)
हूअ (Devanagari)
ಹೂಅ (Kannada)

Hindi: हुआ (huā)

Inherited from Sanskrit भूत (bhūtá, “become, been”).


𑀚𑀻𑀯

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जीव</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">જીવ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜೀವ</i>

𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīva) m (Devanagari जीव, Gujarati જીવ, Kannada ಜೀವ)

tlb

(attested in Ardhamāgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

jīva (romanization)
जीव (Devanagari)
જીવ (Gujarati)
ಜೀವ (Kannada)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀻𑀯 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: जीउ (jīu) जी (jī), जिया (jiyā)

Urdu: جی (jī)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: জীউ (ziu)

Awadhi: जिउ (jiu)

Middle Bengali: জী (ji), জীয়া (jiẏa)

Bengali: জী (ji)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: जीउ (jīu), जिव (jiv)

Magahi: 𑂔𑂲𑂫 (jīu)

Maithili: जिउ (jiu), जिआ (jiā)

Odia: ଜୀଉ (jiu, “spirit”), ଜୀ (ji)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Garhwali: ज्यु (jyu)

Kumaoni: ज्यू (jyū), ज्यो (jyo)

Nepali: जीउ (jīu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ਜੀਓ (jīo), ਜੀ (jī)

Sindhi: जीउ (jīu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: जीवु (jīvu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: જીવ (jīv)

Romani: dǐ (“heart, soul”), gǐ

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *-wós
Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰiHwás
Sanskrit जीव (jīva)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīva)
Prakrit 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīva)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīva, “life, living thing”), from Sanskrit 𑀚𑀻𑀯 (jīvá, “alive”).


𑀘𑀺𑀅

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चिअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಚಿಅ</i>

cia (romanization)
चिअ (Devanagari)
ಚಿಅ (Kannada)
𑀘𑁂𑀅 (alternative)
𑀘𑁂𑀯 (alternative)
𑀘𑀺𑀬 (alternative)
𑀘𑁂𑀬 (alternative)
𑀘𑁂𑀯 (alternative)

desc

Konkani: -c (suffix used to denote emphasis)

Devanagari script: -च

Kannada script: -ಚ್

Latin script: -ch

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: -च (-ca), -चि (-ci)

Modi script: -𑘓 (-ca), -𑘓𑘲 (-cī)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀘𑁂𑀯 (ceva). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀘𑁂𑀅 (cea), Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀘𑁂𑀯 (ceva).

inh+

𑀅𑀫𑀅-𑀫𑀅 𑀕𑀅𑀡-𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀭 𑀭𑀅𑀡𑀻-𑀫𑀼𑀳-𑀢𑀺𑀮𑀅 𑀘𑀁𑀤 𑀤𑁂 𑀙𑀺𑀯𑀲𑀼
𑀙𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 𑀚𑁂𑀳𑀺 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀅𑀫𑁄 𑀫𑀫𑀁-𑀧𑀺 𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁-𑀘𑀺𑀅 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁
amaa-maa gaaṇa-sehara raaṇī-muha-tilaa caṃda de chivasu

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 16

Sweet moon, crest jewel of the sky, beauty spot on the face of night,
Touch me with the very same rays with which you’ve touched my most dearly beloved.

chitto jehi piaamo mamaṃ-pi tehiṃ-cia karehiṃ


𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अग्ग</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಗ್ಗ</i>

𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕 (agga) n (Devanagari अग्ग, Kannada ಅಗ್ಗ)

agga (romanization)
अग्ग (Devanagari)
ಅಗ್ಗ (Kannada)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀮 (aggala)

desctree

Old Gujarati: आगलि (ā̃gali)
Gujarati: આગળ (āgaḷ)

*𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕-𑀮-𑀅 (*agga-la-a)

Old Marathi:

Marathi: आगळे (āgḷe)

𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀑 (aggāo), 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀤𑁄 (aggādo) (ablative singular)

Gujarati: અગાઉ (agāu)

Hindi: अगाऊ (agāū)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘀𑘑𑘰𑘪 (aghāva), 𑘁𑘑𑘰𑘌 (āghāo), 𑘁𑘑𑘰𑘪 (āghāva)

Devanagari script: अघाव (aghāva), आघाओ (āghāo), आघाव (āghāva)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅਗਾਊਂ (agāū̃)

Shahmukhi script: اگاؤں

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀕 (aga /agga/), from Sanskrit अग्र (ágra). Cognate with Pali agga.


𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बालअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಬಾಲಅ</i>

𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅 (bālaa) m (Devanagari बालअ, Kannada ಬಾಲಅ)

bālaa (romanization)
बालअ (Devanagari)
ಬಾಲಅ (Kannada)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (plural vocative)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀬 (alternative)
𑀧𑀸𑀴𑀓 (alternative)
𑀩𑀸𑀴𑀓 (alternative)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀕 (alternative)

Inherited from Sanskrit बालक (bālaka). Cognate with Pali bālaka.


𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बालय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಬಾಲಯ</i>

𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀬 (bālaya) m (Devanagari बालय, Kannada ಬಾಲಯ)

bālaya (romanization)
बालय (Devanagari)
ಬಾಲಯ (Kannada)

𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅 𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅#Prakrit


𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मुट्ठि</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮುಟ್ಠಿ</i>

𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (muṭṭhi) f (Devanagari मुट्ठि, Kannada ಮುಟ್ಠಿ)

muṭṭhi (romanization)
मुट्ठि (Devanagari)
ಮುಟ್ಠಿ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: मुट्ठी (muṭṭhī), मूठ (mūṭh), मुठिया (muṭhiyā)

Urdu: مُوٹھ (mūṭh), مُٹّھِی (muṭṭhī), مُٹھِیا (muṭhiyā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: মুঠি (muthi)

Bengali: মুঠি (muṭhi), মুঠা (muṭha)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: मूठ (mūṭh), मूठा (mūṭhā), मूठी (mūṭhī)

Magahi: 𑂧𑂴𑂘𑂱 (mūṭhi)

Odia: ମୁଠା (muṭhā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: मुट्ठी (muṭṭhī)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੁੱਠ (muṭṭha), ਮੁੱਠੀ (muṭṭhī)

Shahmukhi script: مُٹّھ (muṭṭh), مُٹّھِی (muṭṭhī)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: मूट (mūṭ)

Kannada script: ಮೂಟ್ (mūṭ)

Latin script: mut

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: मुठी (muṭhī, “fist”), मुठीया (muṭhīyā, “Muthia”)

Modi script: 𑘦𑘳𑘙𑘲 (muṭhī, “fist”), 𑘦𑘳𑘙𑘲𑘧𑘰 (muṭhīyā, “Muthia”)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: મૂઠ (mūṭh), મુઠ્ઠી (muṭhṭhī)

⇒ Gujarati: મૂઠિયું (mūṭhiyũ, “Muthia”)

→ English: muthia, muthiya

→ Kannada: ಮೂಠಿಯಾ (mūṭhiyā)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit मुष्टि (muṣṭi)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (muṭṭhi)
Inherited from Sanskrit मुष्टि (muṣṭí), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *muštíš. Cognate with Pali muṭṭhi.

etymon

[…] 𑀯𑀺𑀡𑀺𑀳𑀺𑀤-𑀘𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡-𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺-𑀧𑀸𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀭𑀸𑀑 […]
[…]viṇihida-cuṇṇa-muṭṭhi-pāṃḍurāo[…]

[…] whitened by handfuls of powder strewn over them […]


𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छेप्प</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಛೆಪ್ಪ</i>

𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧 (chĕppa) n (Devanagari छेप्प, Kannada ಛೆಪ್ಪ)

chĕppa (romanization)
छेप्प (Devanagari)
ಛೆಪ್ಪ (Kannada)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑀺𑀧𑁆𑀧 (alternative)

Marathi: शेप (śep), शेंप (śempa) (obsolete)

From Sanskrit शेप्या (śepyā́), a feminine form of शेप (śépa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *šáypas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyp-o- (“pole, stick”). Cognate with Pali cheppā.


𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बंधइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಬಂಧಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇 (baṃdhaï) (Devanagari बंधइ, Kannada ಬಂಧಇ) (transitive)

baṃdhaï (romanization)
बंधइ (Devanagari)
ಬಂಧಇ (Kannada)

Konkani: बांद्चे (bāndce)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘤𑘰𑘽𑘠𑘜𑘹 (bāṃdhaṇe), 𑘤𑘰𑘡𑘜𑘹 (bānaṇe)

Devanagari script: बांधणे (bāṃdhaṇe), बानणे (bānaṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀩𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀇 (bajjhaï)
 𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇 (baṃdhaï)
From Sanskrit बन्धति (bándhati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *bándʰati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰándʰati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéndʰ-e-ti, from *bʰendʰ- (“to tie”). Cognate with Pali bandhati.

pra-mah-verb set

नोंदणे

𑀡𑀺𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇 (ṇibaṃdhaï)


𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उवविसइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉವವಿಸಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (uvavisaï) (Devanagari उवविसइ, Kannada ಉವವಿಸಇ) (intransitive)

uvavisaï (romanization)
उवविसइ (Devanagari)
ಉವವಿಸಇ (Kannada)
𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀰𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀤𑀺 (alternative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: (dialectal) बैसना (baisnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

>? Bengali-Assamese:

Early Assamese: বস্ (bos)

Assamese: বহ (boh)

Bengali: বসা (bośa)

Sylheti: ꠛꠃꠣ (boua)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: बैसल (baisal)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

>? Nepali: बस्नु (basnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

>? Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਬਹਿਣਾ (bahiṇā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ويهَڻُ (vehaṇu)

Devanagari script: वेहणु (vehaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: बस्चे (basce), बसप (basap)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: बैसणे (baisaṇe)

Modi script: 𑘤𑘺𑘭𑘜𑘹 (baisaṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gurjara Apabhramsa: बइसइ (baïsaï)

Gujarati: બેસવું (besvũ)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit उप- (upa-)
Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ-
Sanskrit विशति (viśati)
Sanskrit उप॑विशति (úpaviśati)
Prakrit 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (uvavisaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit उप॑विशति (úpaviśati). By surface analysis, 𑀉𑀯- (uva-) + 𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (visaï). Cognate with Pali upavisati.

etymon

sa>उप॑विशति>sit


𑀔𑀸𑀅𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खाअइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಖಾಅಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀔𑀸𑀅𑀇 (khāaï) (Devanagari खाअइ, Kannada ಖಾಅಇ) (transitive)

khāaï (romanization)
खाअइ (Devanagari)
ಖಾಅಇ (Kannada)
𑀔𑀸𑀇 (alternative)

Konkani: khāvce

Devanagari script: खाव्चे (khāvce)

Kannada script: ಖಾವ್ಚೆ (khāvce)

Latin script: khavche

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘏𑘰𑘜𑘹 (khāṇe)

Devanagari script: खाणे (khāṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀔𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (khajjaï)
 𑀔𑀸𑀅𑀇 (khāaï)
From Sanskrit खादति (khā́dati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kʰā́dati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kʰā́dati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷh₂ḗdeti ~ *kʷh₂édeti, from *kʷh₂ed-. Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀔𑀸𑀤𑀺 (khādi), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀔𑀸𑀤𑀺 (khādi), Pali khādati.


𑀤𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">देइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ದೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei) (Devanagari देइ, Kannada ದೇಇ) (transitive)

dei (romanization)
देइ (Devanagari)
ದೇಇ (Kannada)
𑀤𑁂𑀤𑀺 (alternative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Eastern Hindi:

Awadhi: देब (deb)

Western Hindi:

desctree

Old Hindi: देना (denā)
Hindustani:
Hindi: देना (denā)
Urdu: دینا (denā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: দে (de)

Bengali: দেওয়া (deōẇa)

Sylheti: ꠖꠦꠅꠀ (deoa)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: දෙනවා (denawā)

Dhivehi: ދެނީ (denī)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: दिनु (dinu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਦੇਣਾ (deṇā)

Shahmukhi script: دیݨا (deṇā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڏِئَڻُ

Devanagari script: ॾिअणु

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: दिव्चे (divce)

Kannada script: ದಿವ್ಚೆ (divce)

Latin script: divche

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘟𑘹𑘜𑘹 (deṇe), 𑘠𑘹𑘜𑘹 (dheṇe)

desc

Devanagari script: देणे (deṇe), धेणे (dheṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: દેવું (devũ)

Marwari: देणो (deṇo)

Romani: del

Prakrit verb set
 𑀤𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (dijjaï)
 𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei)
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *dádaHti
Sanskrit ददा॑ति (dádāti)
Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *neyH-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *náyHati
Sanskrit नय॑ति (náyati)
Prakrit 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei)influ.
Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei)
Inherited from Sanskrit ददा॑ति (dádāti, “to give”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dádaHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dádaHti, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti. The verb was reshaped by analogy with Prakrit 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei, “to take”); also compare Vedic Sanskrit दाति॑ (dā́ti, “to give”), whence Prakrit 𑀤𑀸𑀇 (dāi).
Cognate with Pali dadāti.

inh+

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पिवइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಿವಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀇 (pivaï) (Devanagari पिवइ, Kannada ಪಿವಇ) (transitive)

pivaï (romanization)
पिवइ (Devanagari)
ಪಿವಇ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀇 (alternative)
𑀧𑀺𑀩𑀇 (alternative)

Konkani: pivce, piyevce

Devanagari script: पिव्चे, पियेव्चे

Kannada script: ಪಿವ್ಚೆ, ಪಿಯೆವ್ಚೆ

Latin script: pivche, piyevche

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘢𑘲𑘜𑘹 (pīṇe), 𑘢𑘹𑘜𑘹 (peṇe)

Devanagari script: पिणे (piṇe), पेणे (peṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀧𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (pijjaï)
 𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀇 (pivaï)
From Sanskrit पिबति (píbati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *píbati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *píbati, from Proto-Indo-European *píbeti, late variant of *píph₃eti, reduplication of *peh₃- (“to drink”). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀤𑀺 (pivadi), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀤𑀺 (pivadi), Pali pivati.

pra-mah-verb set

𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁄 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀇 𑀚𑀮𑀁 𑀚𑀳-𑀚𑀳 𑀯𑀺𑀭𑀮𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮𑀻 𑀘𑀺𑀭𑀁 𑀧𑀳𑀺𑀑
𑀧𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀺𑀆-𑀯𑀺 𑀢𑀳-𑀢𑀳 𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀁 𑀢𑀡𑀼𑀅𑀁-𑀧𑀺 𑀢𑀡𑀼𑀏𑀇
uddhaccho piaï jalaṃ jaha-jaha viralaṃgulī ciraṃ pahio

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 161

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
For some time the traveller has been sipping water from his cupped hand, keeping his fingers wide apart
all the while looking up towards the woman at the well who in turn has reduced the already thin stream to a mere trickle.

pāvāliā-vi taha-taha dhāraṃ taṇuaṃ-pi taṇuei


𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णावा</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಣಾವಾ</i>

𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (ṇāvā) f (Devanagari णावा, Kannada ಣಾವಾ)

ṇāvā (romanization)
णावा (Devanagari)
ಣಾವಾ (Kannada)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (plural vocative)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘡𑘰𑘪 (nāva)

Devanagari script: नाव (nāva)

Punjabi: ਨਾਉ (nāu)

PIE word
 *néh₂us
Inherited from Sanskrit नौ (naú), नावा (nāvā́). Cognate with Pali nāvā.


𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छेत्त</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಛೆತ್ತ</i>

𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (chĕtta) n (Devanagari छेत्त, Kannada ಛೆತ್ತ)

chĕtta (romanization)
छेत्त (Devanagari)
ಛೆತ್ತ (Kannada)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)
𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (alternative)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: śet

Devanagari script: शेत

Kannada script: ಶೆತ್

Latin script: xet

Old Marathi: seta

Modi script: 𑘭𑘹𑘝

Devanagari script: सेत

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: (Jhalawad) છેતર (chetar)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *tḱey-
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-trom
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáytram
Sanskrit क्षेत्र॑ (kṣétra)
Prakrit 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (chĕtta)
Inherited from Sanskrit क्षेत्र॑ (kṣétra), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáytram, from Proto-Indo-European *tḱey- + *-trom. Cognate with Pali khetta.

etymon

sa>क्षेत्र॑>land

𑀅𑀯𑁆𑀯𑁄! 𑀡 𑀆𑀫𑀺 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 𑀔𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀉 𑀲𑀸𑀮𑀻 𑀯𑀺 𑀓𑀻𑀭-𑀡𑀺𑀯𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁
𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀁𑀢𑀸 𑀅𑀯𑀺 𑀧𑀳𑀺𑀆 𑀧𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀁𑀢𑀺 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁄-𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁄 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁
avvo! ṇa āmi chĕttaṃ khajjaü sālī vi kīra-ṇivahehiṃ

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 821

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
I won’t go to the field. What do I care if the parrots eat all the paddy.
Whenever I’m there, travellers keep asking me the way, which they know perfectly well.

jāṇaṃtā avi pahiā pucchaṃti puṇo-puṇo maggaṃ


𑀤𑀸𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दार</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ದಾರ</i>

𑀤𑀸𑀭 (dāra) n (Devanagari दार, Kannada ದಾರ)

dāra (romanization)
दार (Devanagari)
ದಾರ (Kannada)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)
𑀤𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀭 (alternative)
𑀤𑀼𑀆𑀭 (alternative)

Konkani: dār

Devanagari script: दार

Latin script: dar

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘟𑘰𑘨 (dāra), 𑘟𑘰𑘨𑘹𑘽 (dāreṃ)

Devanagari script: दार (dāra), दारें (dāreṃ)

Inherited from Sanskrit द्वार (dvā́ra). Cognate with Pali dvāra.

𑀭𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀧𑀇𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀡𑀅𑀡𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀮𑀸 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 𑀲𑀸 𑀧𑀟𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀏 𑀏𑀁𑀢𑀁
𑀤𑀸𑀭-𑀡𑀺𑀳𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺 𑀤𑁄𑀳𑀺-𑀯𑀺 𑀫𑀁𑀕𑀮𑀓𑀮𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 𑀯 𑀣𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁
racchāpaïṇṇaṇaaṇuppalā tumaṃ sā paḍicchae eṃtaṃ

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 140

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Leaning on the door, looking out for you, she decorates the house for your return:
Her breasts two vases of plenty and her eyes lotus petals strewn on the street.

dāra-ṇihiehi dohi-vi maṃgalakalasehi va thaṇehiṃ


𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गाअइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗಾಅಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇 (gāaï) (Devanagari गाअइ, Kannada ಗಾಅಇ) (transitive)

gāaï (romanization)
गाअइ (Devanagari)
ಗಾಅಇ (Kannada)
𑀕𑀸𑀬𑀇 (alternative)
𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀕𑀸𑀇 (alternative)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: गाव्चे

Kannada script: ಗಾವ್ಚೆ

Latin script: gavche

Old Marathi: gāṇe

Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘜𑘹

Devanagari script: गाणे

Prakrit verb set
 𑀕𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (gijjaï)
 𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇 (gāaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit गायति (gā́yati). Cognate with Pali gāyati.


𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जाणइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಾಣಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï) (Devanagari जाणइ, Kannada ಜಾಣಇ) (transitive)

jāṇaï (romanization)
जाणइ (Devanagari)
ಜಾಣಇ (Kannada)
𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀤𑀺 (alternative)
𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (alternative)

Konkani: jāṇce

Devanagari script: जाण्चे

Kannada script: ಜಾಣ್ಚೆ

Latin script: zannche

Old Marathi: jāṇaṇe

Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹

Devanagari script: जाणणे

Prakrit verb set
 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï)
 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀯𑁂𑀇 (jāṇāvei)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati), from Sanskrit जानाति (jānā́ti). Cognate with Pali jānāti.


𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तुम्हे</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ತುಮ್ಹೇ</i>

𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe) (Devanagari तुम्हे, Kannada ತುಮ್ಹೇ)

tumhe (romanization)
तुम्हे (Devanagari)
ತುಮ್ಹೇ (Kannada)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑁂 (alternative)

Gujarati: તમે (tame)

Konkani: तुमि (tumi)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘝𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘹 (tumhe), 𑘝𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘲𑘽 (tumhīṃ)

Devanagari script: तुम्हे (tumhe), तुम्ही (tumhī)

Punjabi: ਤੁਸੀਂ (tusī̃)

Romani: tumen, tume

Sauraseni Apabhramsa: तुम्हि (tumhi)

Hindustani: tum, tame

Hindi: तुम, तमे

Urdu: تم, تمہیں

Inherited from Sanskrit युष्मे (yuṣme, locative of युष्मद् (yuṣmad, “you all”)), with the initial consonant replaced by that of त्वम् (tvám, whence 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 (tumaṃ)). Attested c. 268-232 BCE in Middle Indo-Aryan as Ashokan Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀨𑁂 (tuphe). Cognate with Pali tumhe.

inh

locative of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">युष्मद्</i> (yuṣmad, “you all”)

inh+

you all; second-person plural personal pronoun


𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जामाउअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಾಮಾಉಅ</i>

𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅 (jāmāua) m (Devanagari जामाउअ, Kannada ಜಾಮಾಉಅ)

jāmāua (romanization)
जामाउअ (Devanagari)
ಜಾಮಾಉಅ (Kannada)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (plural vocative)

*𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀅 ~ * 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀺𑀅 (*jāmāia ~ * jāmādia)

Gujarati: જમાઈ (jamāī)

Hindustani: jamāī, jãvāī

Hindi: जमाई, जँवाई

Urdu: جَمائی (jamāī), جَن٘وائی (jãvāī)

Nepali: ज्वाइँ (jwāĩ)

Konkani: jā̃vãy

Devanagari script: जांवंय

Kannada script: ಜಾಂವಂಯ್

Latin script: zanvoim

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: जावाइ (jāvāi), जावाई (jāvāī)

Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘪𑘰𑘃 (jāvāī)

Odia: ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ (jwāĩ)

alter

𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀬 (jāmāuya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī

𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀬 (jāmāuya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼𑀅 (jāmādua) — Śaurasenī

Inherited from Sanskrit जामातृ (jā́mātṛ) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-). Cognate with Pali jāmātar.


𑀉𑀅𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उअअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉಅಅ</i>

𑀉𑀅𑀅 (uaa) n (Devanagari उअअ, Kannada ಉಅಅ)

uaa (romanization)
उअअ (Devanagari)
ಉಅಅ (Kannada)
𑀉𑀅𑀅𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀅𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit उदक (udaká). Cognate with Pali udaka.


𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उड्डेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉಡ್ಡೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂𑀇 (uḍḍei) (Devanagari उड्डेइ, Kannada ಉಡ್ಡೇಇ) (intransitive)

uḍḍei (romanization)
उड्डेइ (Devanagari)
ಉಡ್ಡೇಇ (Kannada)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: উৰ (ur)

Bengali: উড়া (uṛa), ওড়া (ōṛa)

Bihari:

desc

Bhojpuri: उड़ल (uṛal), उड़ावल (uṛāval), उड़वावल (uṛᵊvāval)

Maithili: उड़ब (uṛab)

Odia: ଉଡ଼ିବା (uṛibā)

Sylheti: ꠃꠠ (uṛ)

Central Indo-Aryan:

desctree

Old Hindi: उडना (uḍanā)
Braj: उडन (uḍan), उड़न (uṛan)
Hindustani: uṛnā
Hindi: उड़ना
Urdu: اُڑْنَا (uṛnā)

Romani: ural

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: उड्नु (uḍnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Old Punjabi: ਉਡਿ (uḍi), ਊਡਿ (ūḍi)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਉੱਡਣਾ (uḍḍaṇā), ਉਡਣਾ (uḍaṇā)
Shahmukhi script: اُڈّݨا (uḍḍṇā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘄𑘚𑘜𑘹 (uḍaṇe)

Devanagari script: उडणे (uḍaṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

desc

Old Gujarati: उडए (uḍae), ऊडए (ūḍae), ऊडइ (ūḍaï)

Gujarati: ઊડવું (ūḍavũ)

Inherited from Sanskrit उड्डयते (uḍḍayate), a variant of उड्डीयते (uḍḍīyate), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *uẓḍiHyáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *udᶻdiHyáti (“to fly upwards or away”), from Proto-Indo-European *úd-s-dih₁yéti, a compound of *úd (“upwards, away”) + *dih₁yéti (“to chase”). Cognate with Pali uḍḍeti.


𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">कोंकण</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಕೋಂಕಣ</i>

𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡 (koṃkaṇa) m (Devanagari कोंकण, Kannada ಕೋಂಕಣ)

koṃkaṇa (romanization)
कोंकण (Devanagari)
ಕೋಂಕಣ (Kannada)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀓𑀡 (alternative)

Inherited from Sanskrit कोङ्कण (koṅkaṇa).


𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सासू</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಾಸೂ</i>

𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (sāsū) f (Devanagari सासू, Kannada ಸಾಸೂ)

sāsū (romanization)
सासू (Devanagari)
ಸಾಸೂ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (plural vocative)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: सासु (sāsu)

Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘭𑘳 (sāsu)

PIE word
 *sweḱrúh₂
Inherited from Sanskrit श्वश्रू (śvaśrū́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂. Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀏 (sāsue), Pali sassū.

inh+

𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁄𑀯𑀡𑀸-𑀯𑀺 𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 𑀭𑀼𑀆𑀯𑀺𑀆 𑀕𑀅𑀯𑀈𑀅 𑀲𑁄𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀏
𑀧𑀸𑀅𑀧𑀟𑀡𑁄𑀡𑀆𑀏 𑀤𑁄𑀲𑀼-𑀯𑀺 𑀕𑀮𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼 𑀯𑀮𑀏𑀲𑀼.
aïkovaṇā-vi sāsū ruāviā gaavaīa sŏṇhāe

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 493

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Even her harsh mother-in-law was moved to tears when both the girl’s bracelets
slipped off as she fell at her feet, so long had her husband been abroad.


𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">संझा</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಂಝಾ</i>

𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (saṃjhā) f (Devanagari संझा, Kannada ಸಂಝಾ)

saṃjhā (romanization)
संझा (Devanagari)
ಸಂಝಾ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani: sāñjh

Hindi: साँझ

desc

Urdu: سان٘جھ

Urdu: سان٘جھ

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: সাঁজ (xãz)

Bengali: সাঁঝ (śãjh)

Odia: ସଞ୍ଝ (sañjha), ସାଁଝ (sā̃jha)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: සැඳෑ (sæⁿdǣ), සැන්දෑව (sændǣwa), හැන්දෑව (hændǣwa)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: sāñj

Devanagari script: सांज

Kannada script: ಸಾಂಜ

Latin script: sanz

Old Marathi: sāṃja

Devanagari script: सांज

Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘽𑘕

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Kachchi: સાંજ (sā̃j)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਝ (sañjh)

Shahmukhi script: سَن٘جھ (saṉjh)

Sindhi: sañjho

Arabic script: سنجهو

Devanagari script: संझो

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: સાંજ (sā̃j)

→ Kannada: ಸಂಜೆ (sañje)

Inherited from Sanskrit संध्या (saṃdhyā́). Cognate with Pali sañjhā.