Madrid

Formerly Magerit; etymology uncertain, but probably derived from one or more of the following:
* Latin matrix (“mother or womb [of rivers]”),
* Arabic مَجْرًى (majran, “channel”)
* hypothetical Celtic *Mageto-ɸritus (“great ford”)


Japón

→ Guaraní: Hapõ

→ Tagalog: Hapon, Sapon

Possibly from Portuguese Japão influenced by Early Manila Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún) as recorded in the Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum (1626-1642). Portuguese Japão is from Malay Jepang, itself from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), ultimately from Middle Chinese 日本 (nyit pwon^X, literally “sun origin”).

Fue por una expedición de japoneses que vino a Coria en 1614, encabezada por el samurai Hasekura Tsunenaga. Varios miembros de esa delegación se afincaron en Coria y adoptaron la denominación Japón de apellido.

2007 July 23, Marta Franco, “La primera lista hallada de descendientes con apellido Japón es de 1646”, in 20 Minutos, archived from the original on 2021-02-11:

It was due to an expedition of Japanese people who came to Coria in 1614, led by the samurai Hasekura Tsunenaga. Several members of that delegation settled in Coria and adopted the term Japan as their surname.

Herederos de una expedición samurái del siglo XVII, en Coria del Río hay más de 600 vecinos que se apellidan Japón.

2016 June 28, Virginia López Enano, “El filón comercial del pueblo con 600 vecinos que se apellidan Japón”, in El País, archived from the original on 2022-12-14:

Heirs of a XVIIth century samurai expedition, in Coria del Río there are more than 600 inhabitants with the surname Japan.

Una búsqueda por la palabra “Japón” en el portal del INE donde se muestra la distribución territorial de los apellidos en España arroja un total de 1.924 resultados entre el primero y el segundo. La mayoría de estos Japón se encuentran en la provincia de Sevilla.

2023 August 27, Rafa Martí, “El caso único de los 700 vecinos con apellido Japón en un pueblo de España y con sake propio”, in El Español, archived from the original on 2023-08-28:

A search for the word “Japan” in the INE portal which shows the territorial distribution of surnames in Spain yields a total of 1,924 results between the first and second. Most of these Japans are found in the province of Seville.


Labrador

[la.β̞ɾaˈð̞oɾ]


Navidad

head

Navidad f (plural Navidades, generally capitalized)

Navidades (plural)
navidad (alternative)

[na.β̞iˈð̞að̞]

Inherited from Old Spanish nauidat, naduidad, from Latin nātīvitātem (“birth”), from nātīvus, from perfect passive participle nātus (“born”), from deponent verb nāsci (“be born”). Doublet of natividad.


Francisco

a surname transferred from the given name


Delosreyes

a surname, especially common in the Philippines


Alba

a habitational surname from place names of obscure origin.


Chan

Borrowed from a Mayan language, of uncertain origin. Possibilities include:
* Akin to Epigraphic Mayan chan (“sky”);
* From Yucatec Maya chan (“small”);
* From Tabasco Chontal chan (“snake”).


Chinchilla

[t͡ʃĩnʲˈt͡ʃi.ʝa]

[t͡ʃĩnʲˈt͡ʃi.ʝa]

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

[t͡ʃĩnʲˈt͡ʃi.ʎa]

[t͡ʃĩnʲˈt͡ʃi.ʃa]

[t͡ʃĩnʲˈt͡ʃi.ʒa]


Cruz

From cruz (“cross”), in the religious sense, and as a topographic surname.


Grande

[ˈɡɾãn̪.d̪e]


Johnson

[ˈɟ͡ʝõn.sõn]

[ˈɟ͡ʝõn.sõn]

Unadapted borrowing from English Johnson.

ubor

a surname from English [in turn originating as a patronymic]


Luna

From dialectal Aragonese luna (“lights”), a habitational name for someone living by an open courtyard.


Moreno

From moreno, a nickname in Spanish and Portuguese meaning "dark".


Natividad

natividad (“birthday”), shortened from María (de la) Natividad, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary, often given to someone born on her birthday.


Paz

paz (“peace”), shortened from María (de la) Paz, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary as "Our Lady of Peace" .

a surname derived from the given name, or from a nickname for a peaceful person


Ponce

First attested in 1646. The surname is from the medieval personal name Ponce, ultimately from Latin Pontius. The city is named after Spanish administrator Juan Ponce de León y Loayza.


Vela

Possibly from the pre-Roman name Vela, a borrowing from Basque bela vela (“raven”), or more likely from the noun vela (“sail”). Also from placenames in Spain that derive from the other sense of vela (“guard, vigil”).


Viola

Occupational surname for a viola player, from Late Latin vitula, or for a dyer or seller of violet fabric.


Ángeles

From ángeles (“angels”), shortened from María (de los) Ángeles, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary as the Queen of Angels.
The Philippine city is shortened from El Pueblo de los Ángeles, after the Holy Guardian Angels (Santos Ángeles Custodios). Originally named Culiat.


Domingo

From Old Spanish Domingos, from Late Latin Dominicus.

a Spanish surname originating as a patronymic, variant of Domínguez


Guillermo

a surname originating as a patronymic, denomination from Guillaume


Andrade

[ãn̪ˈd̪ɾa.ð̞e]

Andrada (alternative)
de Andrade (alternative)
de Andrada (alternative)


Alfonso

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin Alfonsus, Adephonsus, from Gothic *𐌰𐌸𐌰𐌻𐌰𐍆𐌿𐌽𐍃 (*aþalafuns).


Rodríguez

[roˈð̞ɾi.ɣ̞eθ]


Miguel

From Latin Michāēlem, from Ancient Greek Μῐχᾱήλ (Mĭkhāḗl), from the Hebrew מִיכָאֵל (mikha'él, “Michael”, literally “Who is like God?”).


Vega

From vega (“meadow”), from Basque *bai-ko (“river plain, water meadow”). Related to Las Vegas (but these without surname sense).


Batista

→ English: Batista

From batista. See bautista and baptista.


León

Legio VII Gemina
es:León (desambiguación)

Inherited from Latin legiōnem. The places in Spain are named after the Roman legion that settled them, the Legio VII Gemina. Doublet of legión, which was a learned borrowing. Unrelated to león.


León

From Latin Leone, ablative of Leo, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).


Soto

→ Cebuano: Sotto

→ Kapampangan: Sotto

→ Tagalog: Sotto


Anderson

Unadapted borrowing from English Anderson.


Abanto

From Andalusian Arabic abántuh ("his daughter") which could also mean "disoriented", "silly". It has been suggested as so because women, especially damsels, were seen as unaware of daily issues as they lived a pampered life and as a result were "disoriented".


Galicia

Borrowed from Portuguese or Galician Galicia, from Medieval Latin Gallicia, from Classical Latin Gallaecia, from Gallaecī (“a tribe in the region”). According to Menéndez Pidal, this term replaced Old Spanish Gallizia.


Pablo

→ Tagalog: Pablo

Inherited from Old Spanish Pablo, from Latin Paulus. The change from Latin /aw/ to /aβ/ may suggest that the name passed through Byzantine Greek (unsurprising for a biblical name), or it could simply be the converse of the native change from /aβ/ to /aw/ found in cases like froga < */ˈfraβɡa/ < fabrica.


Peralta

From place names in Spain, inherited from Latin petra alta (literally “high rock”).


Rodrigo

From Gothic *𐌷𐍂𐍉𐌸𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃 (*hrōþireiks), from Proto-Germanic *Hrōþirīks (literally “famous ruler”).

tener más orgullo que don Rodrigo en la horca


Lorenzo

From Latin Laurentius, perhaps through Italian.


Calderón

From Vulgar Latin *caldāria (“cooking pot”) + -ón; see English cauldron.


Sevilla

Borrowed from Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya), a deformation of the Latin Hispalis, ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “valley, plain”).

bor+

إِشْبِيلِيَة

der

a toponymic surname deriving from the city


Zaragoza

From Old Spanish Çaragoça, from Old Navarro-Aragonese Zaragoza (and numerous variants), from Mozarabic, from Latin Caesaraugusta.


Esteban

From Latin Stephanus, from Ancient Greek Στέφανος (Stéphanos).


Castilla

→ French: Castille

→ English: Castile

desctree

→ Classical Nahuatl: Caxtillan, castillan, castillã, caxtillan, Castillan, Castillã (obsolete)
→ Kaqchikel: kaxlan

→ Pipil: caztiyah

→ Tagalog: Kastilya

Inherited from Old Spanish Castiella, based on castiello (“castle”).


Aragón

Named after the river Aragón in Spain. The river name is of obscure origin, but possibly from Basque haran (“valley”).


Navarra

Believed to be of Basque origin, possibly from nabar (“brownish, multicolored”), or from naba (“valley”) + herri (“land, people”). More at Navarre.


Franco

ellipsis of Francisco Franco (“Spanish dictator”)


Rousseau

Unadapted borrowing from French Rousseau.


Picasso

From pica (“pike, lance”) or Italian pica (“magpie”), in which case it was likely originally a nickname for a gossipy or wordy person.


Valdez

English: Valdez

desc

→ Chinese: 巴爾德斯 /巴尔德斯 (Bā'ěrdésī) (transliteration)

From Valdés + -ez (“patronymic”). From Asturian Valdés, from Valle de Esva (“Val de Ese”), composed of valle (“valley”) + de (“of”) + Esva (a river in Asturias).

a surname, Valdez, from Asturian [in turn originating as a patronymic]


María

→ Cebuano: Maria

→ Tagalog: Maria

Inherited from Latin Marīa, from Ancient Greek Μαρίᾱ (Maríā), from Hebrew מִרְיָם (miryām).


Gonzalo

Purportedly derived from an Old High German name with an initial element derived from Proto-Germanic *gunþiz (“war”) + *salbō. Other sources derive it from Gothic.
Cognate with Portuguese Gonçalo / Gonçalvo, Italian Consalvo.


García

The origin is uncertain. Perhaps of Basque origin; compare Basque hartz (“bear”) or gazte (“young”).

De acuerdo con documentos judiciales, Ábrego García había sido inicialmente detenido en 2018 por policías en Maryland cuando estaba fuera de un Home Depot junto a otros hombres.

2025 June 6, “¿Quién es Kilmar Ábrego García, el hombre devuelto a EE.UU. tras ser deportado a El Salvador?”, in CNN en Español:


Isla

→ Cebuano: Isla

→ Tagalog: Isla


Andrés

Borrowed from Latin Andreās, Ancient Greek Ἀνδρέας (Andréas), compare Italian Andrea.


Rafael

der

Hebrew רָפָאֵל (Rāfāʾēl)


Hidalgo

English: Hidalgo

French: Hidalgo

Apiaká: Hidalgo

Central Nahuatl: Hidalgo

From hidalgo, from Old Spanish fijo d'algo.


Martín

Ultimately from Latin Mārtīnus (literally “of or like Mars”), from Mārs (genitive singular Mārtis) + -īnus. Probably derived from Old French Martin, after Martin of Tours, due to the lack of expected final -o.


Sandoval

→ English: Sandoval

→ Tagalog: Sandoval

From Old Spanish Sannoval, from Latin saltus (“grove”) + novālis (“newly cleared land”).


Morales

a topographic surname from Spanish, from the common noun mora


Sánchez

English: Sanchez

Cebuano: Sanchez

Tagalog: Sanchez

desc

→ Chinese: 桑切斯 (Sāngqièsī) (transliteration)

From Sancho + -ez (“son of”). Compare Portuguese Sanches.

a Spanish surname, Sanchez, originating as a patronymic


Bernabé

From Latin Barnabas, borrowed from Ancient Greek Βαρναβᾶς (Barnabâs). Doublet of Bernabéu.

a surname deriving from the Biblical character


Maldonado

Possibly from McDonald when Irish Catholics fled religious persecution to settle in Galicia. Or possibly a Calque of French mal donné (“reluctantly given”), referring to a boon reluctantly granted by a French monarch.


Nieves

From nieves (“snows”), shortened from María (de las) Nieves, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary as "Our Lady of the Snows".

a surname derived from the given name, or from a nickname for someone with white hair


González

→ English: Gonzalez

MSP: Whatever González Martínez may confess or deny regarding the centrality of his avian metaphors in turn-of-the-century Mexican literature, he does reveal that they were primary in his own thought when he gave the title El hombre del buho (Man of the Owl, 1944) to one of his revealing autobiographical works, and La Muerte del cisne (The Death of the Swan), to his collection of poems published in 1915, some five years following the brouhaha of his “cygnicide.”

2007, Margaret Sayers Peden, editor, Mexican Writers on Writing (in English), →ISBN, page 40:

a surname originating as a patronymic, son of Gonzalo


Gonzales

a surname originating as a patronymic, variant of González, from the Spanish male given name Gonzalo


Hernández

→ English: Hernandez

→ Tagalog: Hernandez

⇒ Translingual: hernandezii

From Hernando + -ez. Doublet of Fernández.


Martínez

English: Martinez

Chinese:

desc

→ Mandarin: 馬丁內斯 /马丁内斯 (Mǎdīngnèisī) (transliteration)

From Martín + -ez. Compare Portuguese Martins and Galician Martís.

a surname, Martinez, originating as a patronymic


Díaz

a surname originating as a patronymic derived from the given name Diego


Salinas

Cebuano: Salinas

English: Salinas

Hiligaynon: Salinas

Pangasinan: Salinas

Tagalog: Salinas


Eusebio

Borrowed from Latin Eusebius, from Ancient Greek Εὐσέβιος (Eusébios).


Pichilemu

From Mapudungun pichi (“little”) + lemu (“forest”).


Casanova

From either Catalan or Galician, a surname common on both these linguistic areas.


Echeverría

English: Echeverria

Tagalog: Echiverri


Watanabe

Borrowed from Japanese 渡辺 (Watanabe) or 渡部 (Watanabe).


Nakamura

Borrowed from Japanese 中村 (Nakamura) or 仲村 (Nakamura).


Shimabukuro

Borrowed from Japanese 島袋 (Shimabukuro).


Blas

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin Blasius.


Ferrer

Borrowed from Catalan Ferrer. Doublet of Herrera and Herrero.


Gil

→ Russian: Хиль (Xilʹ)


Facundo

Facundo and Facunda stem from the Latin proper names Facundus/Facunda, from fācundus (“eloquent”, adjective). Compare Italian Facondo, Faconda.


Agustín

→ Tagalog: Agustin

Borrowed from Latin Augustīnus, from Augustus.


Pascual

Derived from Late Latin pāscuālis (“paschal, of Easter, of Passover”), variant (influenced by pāscua (“pasturage”)) of Paschālis, from Pascha (“Easter, Passover”), from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פַּסְחָא (paskha), from Hebrew פֶּסַח (pésakh). Cognate with French Pascal, English Pascal.


Netanyahu

Borrowed from Hebrew נְתַנְיָהוּ (n'tanyáhu).


Constantinescu

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Constantinescu m.


Álvarez

→ English: Alvarez

→ Tagalog: Alvarez

desc

→ Chinese: 阿爾瓦雷斯 /阿尔瓦雷斯 (Ā'ěrwǎléisī) (transliteration)


Caldevilla

Named after a village in northwestern spain, from Asturian [Term?].


Suárez

English: Suarez

Cebuano: Suarez

→ Chinese: 蘇亞雷斯 /苏亚雷斯 (Sūyàléisī) (transliteration)

Literally, “son of Suero”, from a name *Sŏrus in Paleo-Hispanic. Possible cognate to Proto-Celtic *su-wiros (“good man”).

m-g

son of <i class="Latn mention" lang="es">Suero</i>


Velasco

→? Italian: Vasco

Possibly derived from a Gothic name *Vela/Vigila, from Proto-Germanic *wīgą (“war”), with the Basque diminutive suffix -sko. The first element has been alternatively explained as from Basque bele (“crow”).


Fernández

English: Fernandez

Tagalog: Fernandez

desc

→ Chinese: 費爾南德斯 /费尔南德斯 (Fèi'ěrnándésī) (transliteration)

From Fernando + -ez. Doublet of Hernández.

a surname, Fernandez, originating as a patronymic


Gutiérrez

Chinese:

→ Mandarin: 古鐵雷斯 /古铁雷斯 (Gǔtiěléisī) (transliteration)

English: Gutierrez

From Gutierre + -ez, a form of Gualtierre; see Walter.

a surname, Gutierrez, originating as a patronymic


Domínguez

Originally a patronymic. From Domingo + -ez.


Vásquez

From Old Galician-Portuguese Vaasquez, from an earlier Velasco + -ez. Velasco and Belasco are Romance forms of a name in Paleo-Hispanic (probably Iberian [Term?] or Basque [Term?]). Doublet of Velázquez, Blázquez, and Valesco.

doublet

a patronymical surname from Old Galician-Portuguese


Romero

From Late Latin Rōmaeus, adapted to the suffix -ero; from Byzantine Greek Ῥωμαῖος (Rhōmaîos, literally “Roman”), name used in the Byzantine Empire for Westerners who crossed to the east on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land and on to Rome. Doublet of Romeo.


Torres

Cebuano: Torres

English: Torres

Kapampangan: Torres

Pangasinan: Torres

Tagalog: Torres

From torres. From Latin turrēs, accusative plural of turris (“tower”).


Castro

Probably ultimately from Latin castra (“military camp”).

a surname, mostly associated with the Cuban dictator Fidel Castro


Navarro

From navarro, demonym of Navarra, from Basque Nafarroa. Compare French Navarre.


Ramos

Literally, “branches”, from ramo (“branch”), from Latin rāmus (“branch”).


Mendoza

→ Bikol Central: Mendoza

→ Cebuano: Mendoza

→ English: Mendoza

→ Tagalog: Mendoza


Chávez

[ˈt͡ʃa.β̞eθ]

Variant of Chaves, from Galician Chaves.


Muñoz

From Muño (“given name”) + -ez, from the name of a hill in Spain, from Latin monere.


Rojas

→ Cebuano: Rojas

desc

→ Chinese: 羅哈斯 /罗哈斯 (Luóhāsī) (transliteration)

→ English: Rojas


Contreras

From the town in Burgos, Spain, from Latin contrāriae, feminine plural of contrārius (“lying opposite; opposed”).


Castillo

Cebuano: Castillo

English: Castillo

Ilocano: Castillo

Pangasinan: Castillo

Tagalog: Castillo

Waray-Waray: Castillo


Jiménez

→ Cebuano: Jimenez

→ English: Jimenez

→ Tagalog: Jimenez

From Jimeno + -ez, via Old Spanish Ximen from the Basque personal name Semen, from seme (“son”).

Giménez (alternative)
Ximénez (alternative)

a surname from Old Spanish [in turn from Basque, in turn originating as a patronymic]


Núñez

From Nuño + -ez, the first element from Latin nonnus (“monk”).


Bermúdez

→ English: Bermudez

→ Tagalog: Bermudez

From Bermudo + -ez, from older Vermudo from the Suevic name Veremund, from Proto-Germanic *wīhaz (“holy, sacred”) + *mundō (“security, protection”). Related to the names Old Norse Vímundr and Old High German Wermund.


Zapatero

From zapatero (“shoemaker”). Doublet of Sabaté.


Aguilar

→ Bikol Central: Aguilar

→ Cebuano: Aguilar

→ English: Aguilar

→ Hiligaynon: Aguilar

→ Kapampangan: Aguilar

→ Pangasinan: Aguilar

→ Tagalog: Aguilar

Originally meaning "from the eagle's lair," see águila.


Ávila

→ Catalan: Àvila

→ English: Ávila

Originally a medieval form of Medieval Latin avis (“bird”), but influenced by Germanic pronunciation.


Bustamante

English: Bustamante

Cebuano: Bustamante

Tagalog: Bustamante

Named after the town in Cantabria, Spain.


Ortega

From the name of several cities in Spain. The toponym is from Latin urtica (“stinging nettle”).


Rivera

a surname transferred from the common noun


Zapata

Occupational surname from Old French savate (“slipper”)


Blanco

→ Cebuano: Blanco

→ English: Blanco

→ Hiligaynon: Blanco

→ Tagalog: Blanco

From blanco (“white”), originally a nickname for a light-skinned man.

a surname transferred from the nickname, equivalent to English White, German Weiß, French Leblanc, Italian Bianchi, or Portuguese Branco


Dávila

Borrowed from Galician da vila (literally “from the town”). .


Espinosa

→ Cebuano: Espinosa

→ Hiligaynon: Espinosa

→ Tagalog: Espinosa

→ Waray-Waray: Espinosa


Fonseca

Borrowed from Portuguese Fonseca, from fonte seca (literally “dry well”).


Galindo

→ Catalan: galindó

Said to derive from alliances between Galindians and the Visigoths on the latter's marches to Spain; see Galindians, a name of Baltic origin. Other theories give the name a Germanic origin, joining the widely used particle *gaizaz, meaning "spear" (which Gothic renders *Gais, *Gair), and the particle *win, meaning "friend".


Gallegos

From gallegos, plural of gallego (“Galician”).


Guzmán

→ Tagalog: Guzman

From Guzmán, the name of a village in Spain, itself from Gothic. It is one of the oldest Spanish surnames. Cf. Sicilian Cusimanu/Cusmanu.


Linares

From linares (“flax fields”). Outside of Spain, variously named for Spanish cities or for Spanish nobles bearing the name in their primary titles.


Montoya

Borrowed from Basque Montoya, named after a hamlet.


Ochoa

Borrowed from Basque otsoa, otxoa (“wolf”).


Bermudo

a surname transferred from the given name


Taira

Borrowed from Japanese 平 (Taira) or 平良 (Taira).


Yagüe

[ˈɟ͡ʝa.ɣ̞we]

[ˈɟ͡ʝa.ɣ̞we]

Via Old Spanish Yagge << Yagoue << Yagobe, from Latin Jacobe (vocative).


Marín

Ultimately from Latin marīnus (“marine, of the sea”). The reason for the lack of expected final -o is unclear.


Santos

From santos (“saints”) (plural of santo).


Chaves

English: Chaves

desc

→ Chinese: 查韋斯 /查韦斯 (Cháwéisī) (transliteration)


Zamora

From Visigothic Semure, attested in two coins from the reign of king Sisebuto.


Ortiz

From the Basque personal name Orti (cf. Latin Forticius, Fortunius).


Salazar

From sala (“hall”) + Basque zahar (“old”).


Trujillo

From the city in Spain, from Arabic تُرْجَالَة (turjāla), from Latin Turgalium.


Herrera

From herrería, from ferrería, from ferrero. Compare Portuguese Ferreira.


Gómez

From a Visigothic personal name based on Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰 (guma, “man”) + -ez, literally “son of the man”, or from Gomi, a name attested in Nodicia de Kesos of unknown origin.


Blanchard

[blãnʲˈt͡ʃaɾð̞]


Camacho

From a town in Granada, from the Celtic word camb meaning "twisted, disfigured;" see Old Irish camm (“bent, crooked”).


Santana

Univerbation of Santa Ana.
The toponym was shortened from the original toponym Santa Ana de Vélez.


Hipólito

→ Cebuano: Hipolito

→ English: Hipolito

→ Hiligaynon: Hipolito

→ Tagalog: Hipolito


Bergoglio

Bergoglio: a surname from Italian [in turn from toponymy].


Philipps

Unadapted borrowing from English Philipps.


Cervantes

[θeɾˈβ̞ãn̪.t̪es]

Either from ciervo (“stag”) or from Old Spanish servanto, an evolution of Latin serviēns (“servant”).


Maradona

English: Maradona

Italian: Maradona

desc

→ Chinese: 馬拉多納 /马拉多纳 (Mǎlāduōnà) (transliteration)


Martí

Borrowed from Catalan Martí. Doublet of Martín.


Cirilo

Borrowed from Late Latin Cȳrillus, from Ancient Greek Κύριλλος (Kúrillos).


Ordóñez

[oɾˈð̞o.ɲeθ]


Pinochet

a surname from French, mostly associated with the Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet


Arce

Of multiple origins, all toponymic, from a place name in Cantabria, Navarre, and Burgos.


Alcántara

From Arabic اَلْقَنْطَرَة (al-qanṭara, “the bridge”).

der

اَلْقَنْطَرَة


Murillo

→ Cebuano: Murillo/Morillo

From Basque muino (“hill”) + -illo (Spanish diminutive suffix).


Acosta

English: Acosta

Tagalog: Acosta


Aguirre

→ Aklanon: Aguirre

→ English: Aguirre

→ Hiligaynon: Aguirre

→ Tagalog: Aguirre


Hebert

[eˈβ̞eɾ(ð̞)]


Padilla

From a municipality called Padilla de Abajo.


Valenzuela

Meaning “little Valencia”, from Latin Valentia. Equivalent to Valencia + -uela.


Carpio

a surname, the 187th most common in Peru


Llanes

a surname from Asturian [in turn transferred from the place name]


Conde

English: Conde

Ilocano: Conde

Tagalog: Conde

desc

→ Chinese: 孔德 (Kǒngdé) (transliteration)


Piña

Inherited from Latin pinna. See peña. Not related to piña.


Ferreira

Borrowed from Portuguese Ferreira. Doublet of Herrera.


Pizarro

a surname, most associated with the conquistador of the Inca Empire, Francisco Pizarro


Aznar

Possibly related to Basque azeri (“fox”).


Fraga

Spanish and Portuguese surname, named after several placenames in Galicia and Portugal, all from fraga (“cliff”).


Quintana

From the noun quintana (“country house”)


Gonzaga

Tagalog: Gonzaga

Cebuano: Gonzaga

English: Gonzaga

[ɡõn̟ˈθa.ɣ̞a]


Astorga

From Leonese Estorga. Inherited from Latin Asturica (Asturica Augusta), from the name of the Astures, a Hispano-Celtic tribe of northern Spain.


Matamoros

Verb-object compound, composed of mata (“to kill”) + moros (“Moors”). Compare Italian Mazzamauro.


Matajudíos

Verb-object compound, composed of mata (“to kill”) + judíos (“Jews”).


Borja

→ Italian: Borgia


Mori

Borrowed from Japanese 森 (Mori) or 毛利 (Mōri).


Avilés

→ English: Avilés


Sanguineti

Unadapted borrowing from Italian Sanguineti.


Archuleta

Borrowed from Basque Aretxuloeta, from Aretxabaleta (“Arechavaleta”), from haritz (“oak tree”) + zabal (“wide”) + eta (plural marker).


Costa

English: Costa

Borrowed from Romance (from Galician Costa, Occitan Costa, Catalan Costa), from Latin costa.

gloss

a non-Castilian surname, Costa, from the Romance languages, equivalent to the Spanish Cuesta


Alcalá

→ Catalan: Alcalá, Alcalà

→ English: Alcala

→ Ilocano: Alcala

→ Tagalog: Alcala

Borrowed from Arabic الْقَلْعَة (al-qalʕa, “the citadel, the fort”).


Ibarra

Borrowed from Basque, from ibar (“valley”).


Smirnoff

Derived from Russian Смирно́в (Smirnóv).


Oropesa

English: Oropesa


Betancourt

From French Béthencourt; see Bettencourt.


Estrella

→ Cebuano: Estrella

→ English: Estrella

→ Tagalog: Estrella


Reyna

Inherited from Old Spanish reyna (“queen”).


Anaya

→ Portuguese: Anaia


Balaguer

Borrowed from Catalan, from Andalusian Arabic بلغي (“Balàghey”).


Bernabéu

English: Bernabeu

French: Bernabeu

Borrowed from Catalan Bernabeu. Doublet of Bernabé. Compare English Barnabas.


Elpidio

Borrowed from Latin Elpidius, from Ancient Greek Ἐλπίδιος (Elpídios).


Gallardo

[ɡaˈʝaɾ.ð̞o]

[ɡaˈʝaɾ.ð̞o]

[ɡaˈʎaɾ.ð̞o]

[ɡaˈʃaɾ.ð̞o]

[ɡaˈʒaɾ.ð̞o]


Villena

a surname from Catalan or transferred from the place name deriving from the city in Alicante


Peñeyrúa

Hay una rubrica de S.E. / Montero—Vicente V. Vazquez—Francisco A. Gomez—José M. Esteves—Domingo Peñeyrúa—José P. Gereda—Antonio Fernandez Echenique—D. Zorrilla—Pedro Dufoite—Luis C. de la Torre—Bertrand Foulé.

1860, “Ornato Público: Edificios en la Plaza de la Independencia”, in Colección legislativa de la República Oriental del Uruguay, volume 2, published 1877, page 434:

1914, Revista del Ministerio de Industrias (Ministerio de Industrias y Trabajo de Uruguay), Issue 8, p. 22

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

La señora Valentina W. de Peñeyrúa, vencedora en el concurso de gallineros para aves de consumo, tiene las instalaciones en su quinta de Sayago, con varios parques abrigados de los vientos y con buena orientación.

Es que el Cerrito acaba de cablegrafiar a los Oribistas de plaza: Reembarque la fuerza que saltó a la playa de Miguelete. Al alba atacaremos con el Coronel Peñeyrúa por el Canton Bujareo. Apoyen guerrillas ya formadas dentro de trincheras por el lado de Figurita.

1961, Carlos Asiain Márquez, Luis de Herrera: una epoca oriental (1825-1865), page 55:

Los hombres trabajaban en los Saladeros Peñeyrúa, establecidos en las inmediaciones

1979, Bonilla en la epopeya de la aviación heroica: el famoso aviador Francisco Eduardo Bonilla no ha muerto, vive!, page 31:

Quiebra: Sobre competencia, en la quiebra de Enrique Balparda y Peñeyrúa, comerciante en Montevideo y Buenos Aires […]

2000, Antonio Boggiano, Derecho internacional privado, volume 2, page 792:

(rare) a surname, an alternative form of Piñeyrúa found principally in Uruguay


Gálvez

→ English: Galvez

English: Galveston

→ Spanish: Galveston

desc

→ Chinese: 加爾韋斯 /加尔韦斯 (Jiā'ěrwéisī) (transliteration)

From Mozarabic Galib (“victorious”) + -ez, literally “son of the victorious”, from Arabic غَالِب (ḡālib, “victorious”).


Mendiola

→ English: Mendiola

→ Tagalog: Mendiola

Borrowed from Basque Mendiola (literally “mountain hut”).


Rubio

From Spanish rubio (“blond”), from Latin rubeus.


Guevara

→ English: Guevara

→ Russian: Гева́ра (Gevára)

→ Tagalog: Guevara

desc

→ Chinese: 格瓦拉 (Géwǎlā) (transliteration)


Correa

From correa (“belt, band”). Compare Portuguese Correia.


Alfaro

a surname, the 225th most common in Mexico


Cordero

From cordero (“lamb”).
As a surname, originated used to refer to a shepherd. Compare Portuguese Cordeiro.


Zepeda

Likely from cepa ("grapevine") + -eda, a collectivizing suffix.


Caballero

English: Caballero

Cebuano: Caballero

Tagalog: Caballero

→ Chinese: 卡瓦列羅 /卡瓦列罗 (Kǎwǎlièluó) (transliteration)

a surname, Caballero, originating as an occupation


Carranza

Borrowed from Basque Karrantza, a habitational surname.


Leyva

a surname, mostly known as the second surname of the leaders of the disbanded Mexican Beltrán-Leyva drug cartel


Soriano

From soriano (“demonym for people living in Soria”).

a demonymic surname, the 309th most common in Mexico


Ybarra

Originally an alternative spelling of Ibarra, from Basque ibar (“hill”).


Valadez

English: Valadez


Pimentel

Borrowed from Portuguese Pimentel, from pimenta.


Ledesma

Inherited from Latin Bletisama, from a local Celtic language. A superlative in *-isamos from either Proto-Celtic *ɸletisamā (“the broadest one”), from *ɸletos (“breadth”); or from Proto-Celtic *ɸleitisamā (“the greyest one”), from *ɸleitos (“grey”).

der

a surname derived from the town in Salamanca, Spain


Arriaga

Borrowed from Basque Arriaga (literally “stony place”), from harri (“stone”) + -aga (“place, abundance”).


Pulido

a surname, the 143rd most common in Colombia and 311th most common in Mexico


Saavedra

Borrowed from Galician Saavedra. The area in Buenos Aires was named after Argentine military officer and statesman Cornelio Saavedra.


Zambrano

Of Basque origin. A common surname in Ecuador.


Arellano

Borrowed from Basque. Ultimately from a metathesized form of Latin Valeriānus.

a surname from Basque, the 113th most common in Mexico


Briones

a surname transferred from the place name, originating in La Rioja


Noriega

a surname, most associated with Panaman president and dictator Manuel Noriega


Centeno

From Latin centenus (“one-hundred”). The surname likely arose as an occupational surname for someone who grew or worked with rye, based on a notion at the time that one stalk would produce one-hundred grains of rye.


Sarmiento

a habitational surname, the 102nd most common in Colombia and 514th most common in Mexico


Baltazar

a surname, the 496th most common in Mexico


Tolentino

After St. Nicholas of Tolentino (San Nicolás de Tolentino), from Tolentino in Italy.


Pardo

From pardo; inherited from Latin pardus.


Manzano

From manzano (“apple tree”). Originates in Badajoz province, Extremadura, Spain.


Plascencia

English: Plascencia

Variant of Placencia/Plasencia. Most prevalent in Mexico and nearly absent from Spain.


Sarabia

a surname from Basque, the 575th most common in Mexico


Monge

Borrowed from Portuguese Monge. Doublet of Monje.

a surname from Portuguese [in turn originating as an occupation]


Landa

Both the village in Álava and the surname are of Basque origin, from landa (“meadow”)


Montemayor

a surname, the 485th most common in Mexico


Quesada

→ English: Quesada


Coronel

From coronel. Originally adopted as a surname by Sephardic Jews during their conversion to Christianity, most notably by Abraham Senior, who took the names Fernando Coronel Núñez or Fernando Pérez Coronel.


Abrego

[aˈβ̞ɾe.ɣ̞o]


Buenrostro

Compound of buen (“good”) + rostro (“face”).


Roa

Habitational surname from the City of Roa, which lies on the Duero River in the Province of Burgos, Spain.


Chaparro

Borrowed from Basque txapar (plump, chubby).


Elizalde

Borrowed from Basque, from eliza (“church”) and alde (“beside”).


Arrieta

→ English: Arrieta

→ Ilocano: Arrieta

→ Tagalog: Arrieta

Borrowed from Basque Arrieta (literally “rocky place”).


Vizcarra

a surname from Basque, the 815th most common in Mexico


Ronquillo

Of toponymic origin, after El Ronquillo, a village in Seville, Spain.


Balbuena

From earlier Valbuena, from Latin vallis bona, "good valley". Note Spanish val, a clipped form of valle (“valley”).


Zabala

Borrowed from Basque, from zabal (“wide”).

a surname from Basque, common on the Basque Country


Perera

From Catalan perera (cognate with Portuguese Pereira and Galician Pereira).


Sainz

English: Sainz


Hilario

→ Cebuano: Hilario

→ Hiligaynon: Hilario

→ Ilocano: Hilario

→ Tagalog: Hilario

Borrowed from Galician Hilario, from Latin Hilarius.

a surname from Galician deriving from the given name


Silverio

a surname, the 167th most common surname in the Dominican Republic and the 602nd most common in Spain


Ugalde

English: Ugalde, Uvalde, Uvalda


Ancheta

Borrowed from Basque Antxieta, Antzieta, and Antxeta.


Uriarte

Borrowed from Basque (Gipuzkoan dialect).


Legaspi

Variant of Legazpi, from Basque Legazpi.


Recio

From recio, from recio (“strong”). A descriptive surname.


Anchondo

[ãnʲˈt͡ʃõn̪.d̪o]


Granda

[ˈɡɾãn̪.d̪a]


Cuesta

English: Cuesta


Freire

Borrowed from Galician Freire, from freire (“friar”), from Old Occitan fraire.


Colonna

Unadapted borrowing from Italian Colonna.


Bermejo

From bermejo (“reddish”). Originated as a nickname for a red-haired man.


Guevarra

a surname from Basque, a variant of Guevara


Arboleda

a habitational surname, mostly concentrated in Colombia


Lizardo

a surname transferred from the given name


Apolinar

Borrowed from Latin Apollināris (literally “of Apollo”).


Cerezo

From cerezo (“cherry tree”). Originated in Andalusia.

a surname transferred from the common noun


Spadaro

a surname from Italian [in turn originating as an occupation]


Varona

Of Basque origin, a variant of Barahona.


Poblete

a toponymic surname, deriving from the village in Ciudad Real


Buenaventura

A reference to St. Bonaventure (Santa Buenaventura), equivalent to buena + ventura (“fortune”).


Andrada

[ãn̪ˈd̪ɾa.ð̞a]

a surname from Galician, variant of Andrade


Almeda

From Arabic الْمَائِدَة (al-māʔida). Compare Portuguese Almeida.


Archibeque

Borrowed from French archevêque (“archbishop”), originating from Jean L'Archevêque: a French explorer who settled New Mexico.

(chiefly New Mexico) a surname from French, of New Mexican usage


Corella

a surname transferred from the place name


Dubinsky

Borrowed from Russian Дуби́нский (Dubínskij).


Laguardia

English: Laguardia

La Guardia (alternative)
la Guardia (alternative)
Guardia (alternative)


Pareja

After Pareja, a municipality on Guadalajara, Spain


Basa

Ultimately from Basque baso (“forest, woods, jungle”).


Lascano

Variant of Lazcano, from Basque Lazkano, of toponymic origin


Cacciatore

Cacciatore: a surname from Italian [in turn originating as an occupation]


Villafranca

From Catalan Vilafranca, name of various places in Catalonia.

a surname from Catalan [in turn transferred from the place name]


Cobo

English: Cobo

Translingual: Cobaea


Rosendo

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *Rudesindus (attested in Medieval Latin), from the Germanic (Gothic) name Rudesind, composed of the elements *𐌷𐍂𐍉𐌸𐍃 (*hrōþs, “glory, fame”) and *𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 (*sinþs, “path”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōþiz + *sinþaz.


Buelna

From Old Spanish Huelna, from Latin Olna, Ulna, from Proto-Indo-European *orn-a.


Andaya

→ Bikol Central: Andaya

→ Cebuano: Andaya

→ English: Andaya

→ Tagalog: Andaya


Juárez

→ Cebuano: Juarez

→ English: Juarez

→ Tagalog: Juarez

Borrowed from Galician Xuárez, cognate to Spanish Suárez.


Zubiate

From a Basque toponym formed by zubi (“bridge”) + ate (“gorge, ravine”).


Iturralde

Borrowed from Basque Iturralde (literally “around the spring”), from iturri (“spring”) + alde (“around”).


Alfónsez

a surname originating as a patronymic, of historical usage


Gamba

Borrowed from Italian Gamba, from gamba (“leg”).


Zafra

Uncertain, see zafra for more information.


Sabater

Borrowed from Catalan Sabater. Doublet of Zapatero.


Ballester

a surname from Catalan [in turn originating as an occupation]


Inocencio

a surname originating as a patronymic from the given name


Balmaceda

Alternative spelling of Balmaseda (“Balmaseda; town in Biscay, Spain”) (also Valmaseda), from Spanish val and Basque Mahatseta


Echegaray

Borrowed from Basque Etxegarai (literally “high house, house on top of a hill”), from etxe (“house”) and garai (“high”).


Peña

Peñas (alternative)
de Peña (alternative)
de la Peña (alternative)
Peñas (alternative)
Peño (alternative)

desc

→ Chinese: 培尼亞 /培尼亚 (Péiníyà), 佩尼亞 /佩尼亚 (Pèiníyà) (transliteration)

English: Pena

From peña (“rock, cliff”). Cognate with Portuguese Penha, Galician Pena, Catalan Penya, French Penne, Sicilian Pinna, Romanian Pană, Sardinian Pinna.

Pena: a Spanish habitational surname from landforms


Mujeres

From mujeres (plural of mujer (“women, wives”).


Cariño

a surname deriving from the municipality


Buendía

English: Buendia

Tagalog: Buendia

Ultimately, a surname first borne by conversos (Jewish and Muslim converts to Roman Catholicism).


Yebra

[ˈɟ͡ʝe.β̞ɾa]

[ˈɟ͡ʝe.β̞ɾa]


Zulueta

Borrowed from Basque Zulueta, from zulueta (plural of zulu (“cave”)).


Llorente

[ɟ͡ʝoˈɾẽn̪.t̪e]

[ɟ͡ʝoˈɾẽn̪.t̪e]

From Latin Laurentius. Doublet of Lorenzo.


Apolonio

Borrowed from Latin Apollōnius, from Ancient Greek Ἀπολλώνιος (Apollṓnios).


Zaldívar

Borrowed from Basque Zaldibar, from zaldi (“horse”) and ibar (“valley”).


Elcano

Borrowed from Basque Elkano, from elke (“vegetable garden”) and no (“small”).

Juan Sebastián Elcano, Spanish explorer of Basque descent who finished the first circumnavigation of the Earth.

a toponymic surname from Basque, notably borne by:


Cárdenas

→ English: Cardenas

→ Ilocano: Cardenas

→ Pangasinan: Cardenas

→ Tagalog: Cardenas

→ Waray-Waray: Cardenas

From cárdenas, of Andalusian Arabic origin.


Villarino

The subdivision is named after Basilio Villarino (1741–1785).


Abello

a surname, mostly found in Colombia, the Philippines, and Catalonia


Argüelles

Borrowed from Asturian Argüeyes, a place name.

Arguelles

used in the United States and the Philippines


Águila

Aguila

spelling used in the United States and the Philippines


Sarraga

Borrowed from Basque Hareaga, from harea aga (literally “sandy place”).


Zárate

From Arabic زاراتي (zārātiyy), or borrowed from Basque.


Santillán

English: Santillan

Tagalog: Santillan


Mejía

→ English: Mejia

→ Tagalog: Mejia


Ballesteros

From ballesteros (plural of ballestero).


Arnaiz

Patronymic surname from Basque Arnaiz, from Arnaz + -iz.


Legarda

→ English: Legarda

→ Tagalog: Legarda


Bolívar

→ English: Bolivar

→ Tagalog: Bolivar

→⇒ Ye'kwana: Wodiwanña

Borrowed from Basque Bolibar, from bolu + ibar. Most places named Bolívar are named after Simón Bolívar (1783–1830), a South American leader.


Pajarito

From pajarito (diminutive of pájaro).
The toponym is from Chibcha.


Cacao

From cacao, from Classical Nahuatl cacahuatl.

a surname, the 655th most common surname in Guatemala


Solimán

English: Soliman

Tagalog: Soliman

From Arabic سُلَيْمَان (sulaymān). Doublet of Salomón.


Crisóstomo

Tagalog: Crisostomo

English: Crisostomo


Salaverria

Salaverri (alternative)
Salaverry (alternative)
Salaveria (alternative Philippines)


Gaviola

a surname from Basque, a rare Hispanic surname


Abadiano

Either from the Latin name Abatius with the suffix -anum, or from Basque abade (“abbot”) with the same suffix. Compare Basque Abadiño.


Advíncula

English: Advincula

Tagalog: Advincula


Gavilán

→ Tagalog: Gavilan


Llamas

a toponymic surname, the 544th most common in Mexico and 428th most common in Spain


Gascón

Tagalog: Gascon

Cebuano: Gascon


Osorio

Borrowed from Basque [Term?] (“wolf hunter”).

bor+

a surname from Basque, the 36th most common in Colombia


Carreón

English: Carreon

Cebuano: Carreon

Kapampangan: Carreon

Tagalog: Carreon


Ábalos

Pangasinan: Abalos

Tagalog: Abalos


Mondragón

[mõn̪.d̪ɾaˈɣ̞õn]

Likely derived from French Montdragon, ultimately from Latin mōns draconis (“dragon mountain”).


Fariñas

From Galician Fariñas. Surname originating from Ourense, Galicia.


Zuñiga

→ Tagalog: Zuñiga

→ English: Zuniga


Roxas

See Rojas.
The places in the Philippines are named after Pres. Manuel Roxas, the fifth president of the Philippines.

a surname, a variant of Rojas mostly found in the Philippines


Montaño

→ English: Montano

→ Tagalog: Montaño

a surname, Montano, from landforms, equivalent to English Mountain


Lazarte

→ English: Lazarte

→ Tagalog: Lazarte


Vélez

English: Velez

Tagalog: Velez


Garchitorena

Borrowed from Basque Gartxitorena (literally “the house of Garchot”).


Michelena

Borrowed from Basque Mitxelena (literally “house of Michael/Miguel”).


Avendaño

→ Cebuano: Avendaño

→ English: Avendano

→ Tagalog: Avendaño


Solís

Tagalog: Solis

Cebuano: Solis

English: Solis


Ocampo

Borrowed from Galician, from common toponym, O Campo.


Godíñez

Cebuano: Godiñez

Tagalog: Godiñez

English: Godinez

[ɡoˈð̞i.ɲeθ]


Pantaleón

Tagalog: Pantaleon

English: Pantaleon

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Παντελεήμων (Panteleḗmōn).

etymon

grc>Παντελεήμων>name


Dueñas

Tagalog: Dueñas

English: Duenas


Orendain

[oˈɾẽn̪.d̪ãĩn]


Eguía

English: Eguia

Tagalog: Eguia


Figueras

Of toponymic origin, from Catalan Figueres.


Borbón

a surname, most associated with the House of Bourbon in Spain


Patiño

Hispanicization of Portuguese Patinho, from patinho

Anglicized forma used in the United States. Note that the spelling will make the pronunciation incorrect.


Quiñones

Aklanon: Quiñones

Bikol Central: Quiñones

Cebuano: Quiñones

English: Quinones

Pangasinan: Quiñones

Tagalog: Quiñones


Frías

English: Frias

Cebuano : Frias

Tagalog: Frias


Bolaños

Bolanos

Anglicization. Note that the spelling will make the pronunciation incorrect.


Fábregas

Borrowed from Catalan Fàbregues or Fàbregas.


Seguí

English: Segui

Tagalog: Segui


Guillén

English: Guillen

Hiligaynon: Guillen


Girón

→ Tagalog: Giron


Orozco

Of Basque origin, after a municipality in Biscay.


Labastida

→ Cebuano: Labastida

→ English: Labastida

→ Tagalog: Labastida


Magallanes

Borrowed from Portuguese Magalhães.
The places are named after Ferdinand Magellan (Fernando de Magallanes in Spanish)

a surname from Portuguese, a form of Magalhães


Alfeche

→ Cebuano: Alfeche

→ Tagalog: Alfeche


Orellana

Probably of Basque origin, or from the town of Orellana in Badajoz, Spain, possibly from Latin Aureliana, see also Orell. Cf. also Orellano, orellano.


de la Vega

Literally, “of the meadow” (denoting a person who lives around a meadow).


Endaya

Toponymic surname from Basque Hendaia (“Hendaye; town in Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France”), usually transcribed as Hendaya.


Sabaté

From Catalan Sabater, from sabater (“shoemaker”). Doublet of Zapatero.

a surname from Catalan, a transcription of Sabater


Farré

From Catalan Ferrer, from ferrer (“ironsmith”).

a surname from Catalan, a transcription of Ferrer


Zúñiga

→ Tagalog: Zúñiga

→ Spanish: Zuniga


Arzadun

[aɾˈθa.ð̞ũn]


Falcón

English: Falcon


Ocon

English: Ocon

Cebuano: Ocon

French: Ocon


Mijares

a toponymic surname originating in Cantabria, but mostly found in Venezuela and the Philippines


Estévez

a surname from Galician [in turn originating as a patronymic]


Ocaña

a surname transferred from the place name originating from Castilla-La Mancha


Rábago

a toponymic surname of Cantabrian origin


Doroteo

a surname transferred from the given name


Aránzazu

Borrowed from Basque Arantzazu (literally “hawthorn place”). The given name is a shortening of María de Aranzazu, to whom the sanctuary is dedicated.


Porfirio

From Latin Porphyrius, from Ancient Greek Πορφύριος (Porphúrios).

(rare) a surname transferred from the given name


Caniedo

Alternative spelling of Cañedo, from a Cantabrian place name.


Alcubierre

English: Alcubierre


Ocasio

Apparently from ocasión (“time, occasion”), but the meaning as a surname is unexplained.

unk

unexplained


Vasconcelos

José Vasconcelos, b. 1882


Soprano

Borrowed from Italian Soprano. Doublet of Soberano.


Sokolsky

Borrowed from Russian Соко́льский (Sokólʹskij).


de los Santos

Bikol Central: delos Santos

Tagalog: delos Santos

Literally, “of the saints”. Compare Portuguese dos Santos.

a religious surname, mostly found in the Dominican Republic and the Philippines


Arévalo

→ Tagalog: Arevalo


Perón

English: Peron


Alcón

English: Alcon


Basallote

a surname originating and mostly found in Andalusia


Sastre

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Taylor


Valdés

English: Valdes

desc

→ Chinese: 巴爾德斯 /巴尔德斯 (Bā'ěrdésī) (transliteration)

a habitational surname, Valdes, from Asturian


Áñez

English: Anez


Ybarbo

[iˈβ̞aɾ.β̞o]


Olaya

→ English: Olaya


Lafourcade

Natalia Lafourcade, b. 1984


Unanue

→ English: Unanue


Abrigo

[aˈβ̞ɾi.ɣ̞o]


Bacallao

From bacallao, alternative form of bacalao (“cod”).


Gabás

Luz Gabás, b. 1968


Pabón

English: Pabon

French: Pabon


Matus

This surname present in the Mexico comes most likely from the Yaqui language. In Spain, probable origin is in the Arabic surname مَعْتُوك (maʕtūk).


Topuria

From Georgian თოფურია (topuria), from Mingrelian თოფურია (topuria), from თოფური (topuri, “honey”) + -ია (-ia).


Obregón

[o.β̞ɾeˈɣ̞õn]


Malaspina

From Italian Malaspina and/or Latin Malaspīna, in the form Malaespina altered after espina (“thorn”).

a surname, Malaspina, from Italian or Latin

Alejandro Malaspina (1754–1810), Tuscan explorer and officer in the Spanish Armada


Galano

From Greek γαλανός (galanós, “light blue, pale blue”), a nickname for someone with blue eyes.


Narro

→ English: Narro

Uncertain. Proposals include:
* Contraction of Navarro.
* From Basque narro (“half-closed (of eyes)”).
* From a Basque word meaning "brambles".

a surname from Basque, originating in Gipuzkoa and now most commonly found in Peru.


Herraiz

From Basque erratz (“broom [shrub]”) + -itz (place name suffix). Literally, “broom thicket”.

Erraiz (alternative)
Erráiz (alternative)
Herráiz (alternative)


Bacilio

Likely a misspelling of Basilio (“a male given name”)


Bachiller

English: Bachiller


Etura

English: Etura


Bengoechea

English: Bengoechea


Abonce

[aˈβ̞õn̟.θe]


del Rosario

→ Cebuano: del Rosario

→ English: Delrosario

→ Tagalog: del Rosario

a religious surname, common in the Philippines and the Dominican Republic


Ybáñez

→ Cebuano: Ybañez

→ English: Ybanez

→ Tagalog: Ybañez

a surname originating as a patronymic, a variant of Ibáñez


Le Barón

Spanish: Colonia Le Barón

Borrowed from French Le Baron (“the baron”), see Baron and compare Lebarron.


Lebarón

Spanish: Colonia Lebarón


Trajtenberg

→ English: Trajtenberg

Borrowed from German Trachtenberg or via Russian Трахтенберг (Traxtenberg). Historically most prevalent in Argentina.


de la Rosa

Bikol Central: dela Rosa, de la Rosa

Cebuano: dela Rosa

Hiligaynon: dela Rosa, de la Rosa

Kapampangan: dela Rosa

Pangasinan: dela Rosa

Tagalog: dela Rosa, de la Rosa


de Jesús

English: Dejesus, DeJesus

Kapampangan: de Jesus

Tagalog: de Jesus

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

a religious-origin surname, particularly common in Mexico, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic


de los Reyes

Cebuano: delos Reyes

Hiligaynon: delos Reyes, de los Reyes

Tagalog: delos Reyes, de los Reyes

Literally, “of the kings”, referencing the Magi. Compare Portuguese dos Reis.


Velásquez

Cebuano: Velasquez

English: Velasquez

Kapampangan: Velasquez

Tagalog: Velasquez

a surname originating as a patronymic, a variant of Velázquez, generally found in Central America, South America and the Philippines


Ávalos

a toponymic surname, a variant of Ábalos, generally found in Mexico


Quiñónez

a surname, a primarily Latin American variant of Quiñones


Flórez

a surname, a primarily Latin American variant of Flores


Sariñana

→ English: Sarinana

Ximena Sariñana, b. 1985


Oña

→ English: Ona, Oña


Orrego

→ English: Orrego


Tórrez

a surname, a variant of Torres primarily found in Latin America


Marfil

a surname, mostly found in Málaga province in Andalusia


Inguanzo

[ĩŋˈɡwãn̟.θo]


Kcomt

Borrowed from Cantonese 甘 (gam¹). The final t is a hypercorrection.

Julia Wong Kcomt


Querales

. Absent from Spain and most prevalent in Venezuela.


Boluarte

English: Boluarte

Borrowed from Basque, analyzed as bolu (“mill”) + arte (“space in between”), meaning "place between mills".


Iturbide

Borrowed from Basque Iturbide (literally “path to the fountain”).


Jáuregui

Borrowed from Basque jauregi (“palace”).


Agúndez

[aˈɣ̞ũn̪.d̪eθ]


Abúndez

[aˈβ̞ũn̪.d̪eθ]


Obrador

[o.β̞ɾaˈð̞oɾ]


Vidaurre

Variant spelling of Vidaurri, from Basque.


de Guzmán

[d̪e ɣ̞uθ̬ˈmãn]


Solás

English: Solas


Góngora

[ˈɡõŋ.ɡo.ɾa]


Rondón

The Colombian town was named after Juan José Rondón, from the original toponym San Rafael.


Stroessner

a surname from German, mostly associated with the Paraguayan dictator Alfredo Stroessner


de la Fuente

→ Cebuano: dela Fuente

→ Tagalog: dela Fuente


Belgrano

The neighborhood is named after Manuel Belgrano, from Italian Belgrano.


Yauri

[ˈɟ͡ʝau̯.ɾi]

[ˈɟ͡ʝau̯.ɾi]


Leguizamo

English: Leguizamo

Variant of Leguizamon. From Basque Legizamon


Bukele

Since taking office in 2019, Bukele has launched a security crackdown in El Salvador, detaining tens of thousands of people on suspicion of gang membership.

2025 January 31, Stefano Pozzebon, “Rubio and Bukele to discuss sending suspected gang members from US to El Salvador”, in CNN (in English):


Gonzálvez

[ɡõn̟ˈθal.β̞eθ]

Hispanicized spelling of Portuguese Gonçalves.


Idrogo

[iˈð̞ɾo.ɣ̞o]


Gonzalves

Partially hispanicized spelling of Portuguese Gonçalves.


Yaranga

[ɟ͡ʝaˈɾãŋ.ɡa]

[ɟ͡ʝaˈɾãŋ.ɡa]


Huayta

Apparently from Quechua wayta (“flower”).


Vilca

Apparently from Quechua willka (“holy, sacred”).


Lavandera

→ English: Lavandera

→ French: Lavandera

→ Portuguese: Lavandera


Páucar

Borrowed from Quechua pawkar (“colorful”).


Oropeza

English: Oropeza


Cienfuegos

From cien (“one hundred”) + fuegos (“fires”).


Llorach

English: Llorach

French: Llorach


Gortázar

a surname from Basque, variant of Cortázar


Landrón

[lãn̪ˈd̪ɾõn]


Panadero

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to English Baker


Ayerve

a surname from Basque, variant of Ayerbe


Bárcenas

→ Bikol Central: Barcenas

→ Cebuano: Barcenas

→ English: Barcenas

→ Tagalog: Barcenas


Piñero

Compare Galician Piñeiro and Portuguese Pinheiro.


Rubiales

→ English: Rubiales


Aoy

→ English: Aoy


Papadópulos

Borrowed from Greek Παπαδόπουλος (Papadópoulos).

Παπαδόπουλος

Ángel Papadópulos, b. 1925


Bustamente

English: Bustamente

Bustamente: a surname, variant of Bustamante


Alexópulos

Borrowed from Greek Αλεξόπουλος (Alexópoulos).


Tallaferro

→ English: Tallaferro

Borrowed from Catalan Tallaferro. Not present in Spain outside Catalonia and now most prevalent in Venezuela.


Gurulé

Borrowed from French Grolet, originating from Jacques Grolet: a French explorer who settled New Mexico.

Jimmy Gurulé, b. 1951

a surname from French, of New Mexican usage


Milei

serving since 2023 as the president of Argentina


Querubín

Cebuano: Querubin

English: Querubin

Tagalog: Querubin


Zaballos

English: Zaballos


Markarián

Borrowed from Armenian Մարգարյան (Margaryan)


Gabarre

→ English: Gabarre


Díazgranados

→ English: Diazgranados

Most prevalent in Colombia and absent from Spain.

DíazGranados (alternative)
Díaz-Granados (alternative)


Pamparacuatro

Compound of pan + para + cuatro, literally “bread for four”.

compound+

Benito Pamparacuatro, b. 1897


Cañada

From cañada (“glen, gully”), from caña (“cane”) + -ada.


Gaitán

From the Latin Caiētānus (“inhabitant of Gaeta”). Doublet of Cayetano.


Pieldelobo

Compound of piel + de + lobo, literally “wolf skin”.


Sandemetrio

Originating from Demetrius of Thessaloniki; from a compound of San + Demetrio, literally “Saint Demetrius”.


Zuzunaga

a surname from Basque, variant of Susunaga


Orbegoso

a surname from Basque, variant of Orbegozo


Gastón

a surname transferred from the given name


Sheinbaum

Claudia Sheinbaum, b. 1962


Supervielle

Borrowed from French Supervielle, itself from Occitan Supervièla.

a surname from French [in turn from Occitan]


Zubieta

Unadapted borrowing from Basque Zubieta.


Bentaberri

Borrowed from Basque Bentaberri or Bentaberria.

Bentaberry (alternative)
Bentaverry (alternative)
Bentaverri (alternative)


Menem

English: Menem


Mayser

Luis Jorge Mayser Ardaya (b. 1928), Bolivian politician, secretary-general of the Bolivian Socialist Falange (FSB)

Luis «Gamay» Gamarra Mayser (b. 1992), Bolivian pop-music singer and LGBT-rights activist


Baquedano

Borrowed from Basque [Term?]. The settlement was named after Chilean general Manuel Baquedano (1823–1897).


Ciendones

Probably from Old Spanish ciendón (tall person).


Ábrego

De acuerdo con documentos judiciales, Ábrego García había sido inicialmente detenido en 2018 por policías en Maryland cuando estaba fuera de un Home Depot junto a otros hombres.