κόσμος

grc-noun

κόσμος • (kósmos) m (genitive κόσμου); second declension

kósmos (romanization)
κόσμου (genitive)
ὁ κόσμος (nominative singular)
κόσμω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόσμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κόσμου (genitive singular)
κόσμοιν (dual genitive)
κόσμων (genitive plural)
τῷ κόσμῳ (dative singular)
κόσμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κόσμοις (dative plural)
τὸν κόσμον (accusative singular)
κόσμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κόσμους (accusative plural)
κόσμε (singular vocative)
κόσμω (dual vocative)
κόσμοι (plural vocative)

→ Coptic: ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ (kosmos)

→ English: cosmos

→ French: cosmos

Greek: κόσμος (kósmos)

Mariupol Greek: ко́смос (kósmos)

→ Polish: kosmos

→ Russian: космос m (kosmos)

From Proto-Hellenic *kónsmos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱónsmos, from *ḱens- (“to announce, put in order”). Related to Latin cēnseō (“to estimate”) and Sanskrit शंसति (śaṃsati, “to commend, praise”).

κόσμησις

κοσμέω (kosméō)


ἵππος

grc-noun

ῐ̔́ππος • (hĭ́ppos) m or f (genitive ῐ̔́ππου); second declension

ῐ̔́ππος (canonical)
hĭ́ppos (romanization)
ῐ̔́ππου (genitive)
ῐ̔́ππος (nominative singular)
ῐ̔́ππω (dual nominative)
ῐ̔́πποι (nominative plural)
ῐ̔́ππου (genitive singular)
ῐ̔́πποιν (dual genitive)
ῐ̔́ππων (genitive plural)
ῐ̔́ππῳ (dative singular)
ῐ̔́πποιν (dative dual)
ῐ̔́πποις (dative plural)
ῐ̔́ππον (accusative singular)
ῐ̔́ππω (accusative dual)
ῐ̔́ππους (accusative plural)
ῐ̔́ππε (singular vocative)
ῐ̔́ππω (dual vocative)
ῐ̔́πποι (plural vocative)
ῐ̔́ππος (nominative singular)
ῐ̔́ππω (dual nominative)
ῐ̔́πποι (nominative plural)
ῐ̔́ππου (genitive singular)
ῐ̔πποῖο (genitive singular)
ῐ̔́πποιο (genitive singular)
ῐ̔ππόο (genitive singular)
ῐ̔́πποο (genitive singular)
ῐ̔́πποιῐν (dual genitive)
ῐ̔́ππων (genitive plural)
ῐ̔́ππῳ (dative singular)
ῐ̔́πποιῐν (dative dual)
ῐ̔́πποισῐ (dative plural)
ῐ̔́πποισῐν (dative plural)
ῐ̔́πποις (dative plural)
hĭ́ppoisĭ (dative plural)
hĭ́ppoisĭn (dative plural)
hĭ́ppois (dative plural)
ῐ̔́ππον (accusative singular)
ῐ̔́ππω (accusative dual)
ῐ̔́ππους (accusative plural)
ῐ̔́ππε (singular vocative)
ῐ̔́ππω (dual vocative)
ῐ̔́πποι (plural vocative)
ἴκκος (alternative)
ἴππος (alternative Aeolic)

Greek: ίππος (íppos)

→ English: hippo-

→ French: hippo-

→ Italian: ippo-

→ Portuguese: hipo-

→ Spanish: hipo-

PIE word
 *h₁éḱwos
From Proto-Hellenic *íkkʷos (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀂𐀦 (i-qo)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos, from *h₁oh₁ḱu- (“swift”). Unexplained is ι for ε, the word initial heavy breathing (h) and the double π (hίππος instead of expected **έπος), possibly borrowed from another Indo-European language where such a sound change is regular. Cognates include Sanskrit अश्व (áśva), Latin equus, Lithuanian ašva, Gaulish epos, Old Armenian էշ (ēš, “donkey”), Icelandic jór, and Old Irish ech.


ὁ

ho (romanization)
hē (romanization)
tó (romanization)

From Proto-Hellenic *ho *hā *tó, from Proto-Indo-European *só *séh₂ *tód. There are many cognates, including Sanskrit स (sá), सा (sā́) तद् (tád), Old Church Slavonic тъ (tŭ), та (ta), то (to), and Old English sē, sēo, þæt (English the, that).

(rarely in Epic, often in later Greek) the


ὁ

ho (romanization)
hē (romanization)
tó (romanization)
ὁ (masculine nominative singular)
ἡ (feminine nominative singular)
τό (neuter nominative singular)
τώ (dual masculine nominative)
τώ (dual feminine nominative)
τώ (dual neuter nominative)
οἱ (masculine nominative plural)
αἱ (feminine nominative plural)
τᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
τῆς (feminine genitive singular)
τοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
τοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
τοῖν (dual feminine genitive)
τοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
τῶν (genitive masculine plural)
τῶν (feminine genitive plural)
τῶν (genitive neuter plural)
τῷ (dative masculine singular)
τῇ (dative feminine singular)
τῷ (dative neuter singular)
τοῖν (dative dual masculine)
τοῖν (dative dual feminine)
τοῖν (dative dual neuter)
τοῖς (dative masculine plural)
ταῖς (dative feminine plural)
τοῖς (dative neuter plural)
τόν (accusative masculine singular)
τήν (accusative feminine singular)
τό (accusative neuter singular)
τώ (accusative dual masculine)
τώ (accusative dual feminine)
τώ (accusative dual neuter)
τούς (accusative masculine plural)
τᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
τᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
ὁ (masculine nominative singular)
ἡ (feminine nominative singular)
τό (neuter nominative singular)
τώ (dual masculine nominative)
τώ (dual feminine nominative)
τᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
τώ (dual neuter nominative)
οἱ (masculine nominative plural)
τοί (masculine nominative plural)
αἱ (feminine nominative plural)
ταί (feminine nominative plural)
τᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
τοῖο (genitive masculine singular)
τῆς (feminine genitive singular)
τοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
τοῖο (genitive neuter singular)
τοῖιν (dual genitive masculine)
τοῖιν (dual feminine genitive)
τοῖιν (dual genitive neuter)
τῶν (genitive masculine plural)
τῶν (feminine genitive plural)
τᾱ́ων (feminine genitive plural)
τῶν (genitive neuter plural)
τῷ (dative masculine singular)
τῇ (dative feminine singular)
τῷ (dative neuter singular)
τοῖιν (dative dual masculine)
τοῖιν (dative dual feminine)
τοῖιν (dative dual neuter)
τοῖς (dative masculine plural)
τοῖσι (dative masculine plural)
τοῖσιν (dative masculine plural)
toîs (dative masculine plural)
toîsi (dative masculine plural)
toîsin (dative masculine plural)
τῇς (dative feminine plural)
τῇσι (dative feminine plural)
τῇσιν (dative feminine plural)
têis (dative feminine plural)
têisi (dative feminine plural)
têisin (dative feminine plural)
τοῖς (dative neuter plural)
τοῖσι (dative neuter plural)
τοῖσιν (dative neuter plural)
toîs (dative neuter plural)
toîsi (dative neuter plural)
toîsin (dative neuter plural)
τόν (accusative masculine singular)
τήν (accusative feminine singular)
τό (accusative neuter singular)
τώ (accusative dual masculine)
τώ (accusative dual feminine)
τᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
τώ (accusative dual neuter)
τούς (accusative masculine plural)
τᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
τᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
ὁ (masculine nominative singular)
ᾱ̔ (feminine nominative singular)
τό (neuter nominative singular)
τώ (dual masculine nominative)
τᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
τώ (dual neuter nominative)
τοὶ (masculine nominative plural)
ταὶ (feminine nominative plural)
τᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
τῶ (genitive masculine singular)
τᾶς (feminine genitive singular)
τῶ (genitive neuter singular)
τοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
ταῖν (dual feminine genitive)
τοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
τῶν (genitive masculine plural)
τᾶν (feminine genitive plural)
τῶν (genitive neuter plural)
τῷ (dative masculine singular)
τᾷ (dative feminine singular)
τῷ (dative neuter singular)
τοῖν (dative dual masculine)
ταῖν (dative dual feminine)
τοῖν (dative dual neuter)
τοῖς (dative masculine plural)
ταῖς (dative feminine plural)
τοῖς (dative neuter plural)
τόν (accusative masculine singular)
τᾱ́ν (accusative feminine singular)
τό (accusative neuter singular)
τώ (accusative dual masculine)
τᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
τώ (accusative dual neuter)
τώς (accusative masculine plural)
τᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
τᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)

grc-adecl

First and second declension of ὁ, ἡ, τό (Attic, Koine)

First and second declension of ὁ, ἡ, τό (Epic)

τοῖς, τοῖσι(ν)

τῇς, τῇσι(ν)

First and second declension of ὁ, ἁ, τό (Laconian, Doric)

Greek: ο (o)

Tsakonian: ο (o)

Italiot Greek: o

never used in Classical Attic proseRelative also used in exclamations

indefinite relative used in indirect questions

(Epic, third person personal pronoun) he, she, it, they

(relative, Epic, Ionic, poetic Attic) who, which, that


ἄγγελος

grc-noun

ἄγγελος • (ángelos) m (genitive ᾰ̓γγέλου); second declension

ángelos (romanization)
ᾰ̓γγέλου (genitive)
ὁ ἄγγελος (nominative singular)
ἀγγέλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄγγελοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀγγέλου (genitive singular)
ἀγγέλοιν (dual genitive)
ἀγγέλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀγγέλῳ (dative singular)
ἀγγέλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀγγέλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄγγελον (accusative singular)
ἀγγέλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀγγέλους (accusative plural)
ἄγγελε (singular vocative)
ἀγγέλω (dual vocative)
ἄγγελοι (plural vocative)
ὁ ἄγγελος (nominative singular)
ἀγγέλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄγγελοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀγγέλου (genitive singular)
ἀγγέλοιν (dual genitive)
ἀγγέλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀγγέλῳ (dative singular)
ἀγγέλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖσῐ (dative plural)
τοῖσῐν ἀγγέλοισῐ (dative plural)
ἀγγέλοισῐν (dative plural)
ἀγγέλοις (dative plural)
toîsĭ angéloisĭ (dative plural)
toîsĭ angéloisĭn (dative plural)
toîsĭnĭ (dative plural)
toîsĭnĭn (dative plural)
angélois (dative plural)
τὸν ἄγγελον (accusative singular)
ἀγγέλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀγγέλους (accusative plural)
ἄγγελε (singular vocative)
ἀγγέλω (dual vocative)
ἄγγελοι (plural vocative)
ἄγγελος (nominative singular)
ἀγγέλω (dual nominative)
ἄγγελοι (nominative plural)
ἀγγέλου (genitive singular)
ἀγγελοῖο (genitive singular)
ἀγγέλοιο (genitive singular)
ἀγγελόο (genitive singular)
ἀγγέλοο (genitive singular)
ἀγγέλοιῐν (dual genitive)
ἀγγέλων (genitive plural)
ἀγγέλῳ (dative singular)
ἀγγέλοιῐν (dative dual)
ἀγγέλοισῐ (dative plural)
ἀγγέλοισῐν (dative plural)
ἀγγέλοις (dative plural)
angéloisĭ (dative plural)
angéloisĭn (dative plural)
angélois (dative plural)
ἄγγελον (accusative singular)
ἀγγέλω (accusative dual)
ἀγγέλους (accusative plural)
ἄγγελε (singular vocative)
ἀγγέλω (dual vocative)
ἄγγελοι (plural vocative)
ὁ ἄγγελος (nominative singular)
ἀγγέλω (dual nominative)
τοὶ ἄγγελοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀγγέλοιο (genitive singular)
ἀγγέλοιν (dual genitive)
ἀγγέλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀγγέλῳ (dative singular)
ἀγγέλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀγγέλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄγγελον (accusative singular)
ἀγγέλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀγγέλους (accusative plural)
ἄγγελε (singular vocative)
ἀγγέλω (dual vocative)
ἄγγελοι (plural vocative)
ὁ ἄγγελος (nominative singular)
ἀγγέλω (dual nominative)
οἱ ἄγγελοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἀγγέλου (genitive singular)
ἀγγέλοιν (dual genitive)
ἀγγέλων (genitive plural)
τῷ ἀγγέλῳ (dative singular)
ἀγγέλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἀγγέλοις (dative plural)
τὸν ἄγγελον (accusative singular)
ἀγγέλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ἀγγέλους (accusative plural)
ἄγγελε (singular vocative)
ἀγγέλω (dual vocative)
ἄγγελοι (plural vocative)

Greek: άγγελος (ángelos)

→ Aghwan: 𐔰𐕎𐔲𐔴𐔾𐕒𐕚 (angelos)

→ Aramaic: אנגליא (ˀnglyˀ)

→ Gothic: 𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍃 (aggilus)

→ Coptic: ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (aggelos)

→ Latin: angelus (see there for further descendants)

desc

→ Old Church Slavonic: анг҄елъ (angʹjelŭ) (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Georgian: ანგელოზი (angelozi) (see there for further descendants)

→ Ukrainian: я́нгол (jánhol)

Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀐𐀫 (a-ke-ro), with further origin uncertain. Probably a loanword, likely related to ἄγγᾰρος (ángăros, “Persian mounted courier”) (whence Latin angarius), which is perhaps from Old Persian or some other Asian language. Klein suggests a Semitic origin; note 𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (’engirtā, “missive, letter; contract”) and ܐܓܪܬܐ (ˀeggarṯā, “letter, document”, from Akkadian 𒂊𒄈𒌓 (egertu, “inscribed tablet; contract”)). Compare also Sanskrit अजिर (ajira, “agile, swift”), अञ्जि (añji, “commander, sender”) and अञ्जस् (añjas, “speed, velocity”).
The religious sense is a semantic loan from Biblical Hebrew מַלְאָךְ (malʾāḵ).


ἄνθρωπος

grc-noun

ἄνθρωπος • (ánthrōpos) m or f (genitive ἀνθρώπου); second declension

ánthrōpos (romanization)
ἀνθρώπου (genitive)
ᾰ̓́νθρωπος (nominative singular)
ᾰ̓νθρώπω (dual nominative)
ᾰ̓́νθρωποι (nominative plural)
ᾰ̓νθρώπου (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓νθρώποιν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓νθρώπων (genitive plural)
ᾰ̓νθρώπῳ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓νθρώποιν (dative dual)
ᾰ̓νθρώποις (dative plural)
ᾰ̓́νθρωπον (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓νθρώπω (accusative dual)
ᾰ̓νθρώπους (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓́νθρωπε (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓νθρώπω (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓́νθρωποι (plural vocative)
ἄνθρωπος (nominative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (dual nominative)
ἄνθρωποι (nominative plural)
ἀνθρώπου (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποιν (dual genitive)
ἀνθρώπων (genitive plural)
ἀνθρώπῳ (dative singular)
ἀνθρώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖσῐ (dative plural)
τοῖσῐν ἀνθρώποισῐ (dative plural)
ἀνθρώποισῐν (dative plural)
ἀνθρώποις (dative plural)
toîsĭ anthrṓpoisĭ (dative plural)
toîsĭ anthrṓpoisĭn (dative plural)
toîsĭnĭ (dative plural)
toîsĭnĭn (dative plural)
anthrṓpois (dative plural)
ἄνθρωπον (accusative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (accusative dual)
ἀνθρώπους (accusative plural)
ἄνθρωπε (singular vocative)
ἀνθρώπω (dual vocative)
ἄνθρωποι (plural vocative)
ἄνθρωπος (nominative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (dual nominative)
ἄνθρωποι (nominative plural)
ἀνθρώπου (genitive singular)
ἀνθρωποῖο (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποιο (genitive singular)
ἀνθρωπόο (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποο (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποιῐν (dual genitive)
ἀνθρώπων (genitive plural)
ἀνθρώπῳ (dative singular)
ἀνθρώποιῐν (dative dual)
ἀνθρώποισῐ (dative plural)
ἀνθρώποισῐν (dative plural)
ἀνθρώποις (dative plural)
anthrṓpoisĭ (dative plural)
anthrṓpoisĭn (dative plural)
anthrṓpois (dative plural)
ἄνθρωπον (accusative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (accusative dual)
ἀνθρώπους (accusative plural)
ἄνθρωπε (singular vocative)
ἀνθρώπω (dual vocative)
ἄνθρωποι (plural vocative)
ἡ ἄνθρωπος (nominative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄνθρωποι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνθρώπου (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποιν (dual genitive)
ἀνθρώπων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνθρώπῳ (dative singular)
ἀνθρώποιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀνθρώποις (dative plural)
τὴν ἄνθρωπον (accusative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνθρώπους (accusative plural)
ἄνθρωπε (singular vocative)
ἀνθρώπω (dual vocative)
ἄνθρωποι (plural vocative)
ἡ ἄνθρωπος (nominative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄνθρωποι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀνθρώπου (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποιν (dual genitive)
ἀνθρώπων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀνθρώπῳ (dative singular)
ἀνθρώποιν (dative dual)
τῇσῐ (dative plural)
τῇσῐν ἀνθρώποισῐ (dative plural)
ἀνθρώποισῐν (dative plural)
ἀνθρώποις (dative plural)
têisĭ anthrṓpoisĭ (dative plural)
têisĭ anthrṓpoisĭn (dative plural)
têisĭnĭ (dative plural)
têisĭnĭn (dative plural)
anthrṓpois (dative plural)
τὴν ἄνθρωπον (accusative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀνθρώπους (accusative plural)
ἄνθρωπε (singular vocative)
ἀνθρώπω (dual vocative)
ἄνθρωποι (plural vocative)
ἄνθρωπος (nominative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (dual nominative)
ἄνθρωποι (nominative plural)
ἀνθρώπου (genitive singular)
ἀνθρωποῖο (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποιο (genitive singular)
ἀνθρωπόο (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποο (genitive singular)
ἀνθρώποιῐν (dual genitive)
ἀνθρώπων (genitive plural)
ἀνθρώπῳ (dative singular)
ἀνθρώποιῐν (dative dual)
ἀνθρώποισῐ (dative plural)
ἀνθρώποισῐν (dative plural)
ἀνθρώποις (dative plural)
anthrṓpoisĭ (dative plural)
anthrṓpoisĭn (dative plural)
anthrṓpois (dative plural)
ἄνθρωπον (accusative singular)
ἀνθρώπω (accusative dual)
ἀνθρώπους (accusative plural)
ἄνθρωπε (singular vocative)
ἀνθρώπω (dual vocative)
ἄνθρωποι (plural vocative)
ἅνθρωπος (alternative)
ὥνθρωπος (alternative)
ἀνθρωπώ (alternative Laconian)
𐠀𐠰𐠦𐠡𐠩 (alternative Cypriot)

→ Greek: άνθρωπος (ánthropos, “man”)

→ English: Anthropos (learned)

First attested in Hellenic as Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀵𐀫𐀦 (a-to-ro-qo), of uncertain origin. Scholars used to consider it to be a compound from ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”) and ὤψ (ṓps, “face, appearance, look”): thus, "he who looks like a man". However, a δ (d) would be expected to develop by epenthesis, as in the genitive ἀνδρός (andrós), yielding *ἀνδρωπος (*andrōpos). Rosén defends this etymology, positing that the original laryngeal *h₃ in the root for ὤψ (ṓps) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷs) changed the δ to its aspirated counterpart θ even across the intervening ρ.
Beekes argues that since no convincing Indo-European etymology has been found, the word is probably of Pre-Greek origin; he connects the word with the word δρώψ (drṓps, “man”). According to Beekes (2009:xxix), "Shift of aspiration is found in some cases: θριγκός / τριγχός, ἀθραγένη / ἀνδράχνη".
Garnier proposes a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥dʰéreh₃kʷós (“that which is below”) (from *n̥dʰér + *-h₃kʷ-o-), hence "earthly, human", for this compare with Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”) whence Latin homō, Old Lithuanian žmuõ (“man”), Old English guma (“man”).
The word is treated in Plato's Cratylus.

lang

θριγκός / τριγχός, ἀθραγένη / ἀνδράχνη

θριγκός / τριγχός, ἀθραγένη / ἀνδράχνη

inh

(sometimes in the plural) all human beings, mankind


κόλπος

grc-noun

κόλπος • (kólpos) m (genitive κόλπου); second declension

kólpos (romanization)
κόλπου (genitive)
ὁ κόλπος (nominative singular)
κόλπω (dual nominative)
οἱ κόλποι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κόλπου (genitive singular)
κόλποιν (dual genitive)
κόλπων (genitive plural)
τῷ κόλπῳ (dative singular)
κόλποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κόλποις (dative plural)
τὸν κόλπον (accusative singular)
κόλπω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κόλπους (accusative plural)
κόλπε (singular vocative)
κόλπω (dual vocative)
κόλποι (plural vocative)

→ Greek: κόλπος (kólpos) (learned)

→ Latin: colfus, colphus, culfus

Asturian: golfu

Catalan: golf

French: gouffre

Friulian: golf

Occitan: gòlf

Portuguese: golfo

Sicilian: gurfu

Spanish: golfo

Italian: golfo

→ German: Golf

→ Czech: golf

→ Norwegian: golf

→ Old French: golfe

French: golfe

→ Romanian: golf

→ Middle English: gulf

English: gulf

→ New Latin: colpos, colpus (learned)

→ Azerbaijani: körfəz

→ Ottoman Turkish: كورفز (körfez)

> Turkish: körfez (inherited)

→ Uyghur: كۆرپەز (körpez)

→ Uzbek: koʻrfaz

Of uncertain origin. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kʷelp- (“to curve, arch”), which would also be the source of Proto-Germanic *hwalfą (“vault, arch”), though Greek *πόλπος (*pólpos) would be expected, and the semantics are distant.
Alternatively, if the original meaning was closer to “crevice” and from a verb “to carve, cut, cleave”, compare Proto-Germanic *halbaz (“half”) and Sanskrit कल्प (kálpa, “rule, precept, arrangement”, literally “something cut to shape?”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kolp-, possibly an extension of *(s)kel(H)- (“to cut, slice, chop, carve”).


δρόμος

grc-noun

δρόμος • (drómos) m (genitive δρόμου); second declension

drómos (romanization)
δρόμου (genitive)
ὁ δρόμος (nominative singular)
δρόμω (dual nominative)
οἱ δρόμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ δρόμου (genitive singular)
δρόμοιν (dual genitive)
δρόμων (genitive plural)
τῷ δρόμῳ (dative singular)
δρόμοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς δρόμοις (dative plural)
τὸν δρόμον (accusative singular)
δρόμω (accusative dual)
τοὺς δρόμους (accusative plural)
δρόμε (singular vocative)
δρόμω (dual vocative)
δρόμοι (plural vocative)

Byzantine Greek:

Greek: δρόμος (drómos) (see there for further descendants)

Romani: drom
Caló: dron

→ English: -drome

→ English: dromos

→ French: -drome

→ Italian: dromos

→ Italian: dromo

→ Latin: dromus

From Proto-Indo-European *drem- (“to run”) + -ος (-os); cognate with Sanskrit द्राति (drāti, “to run”), द्रम् (drámati, “to run”); Proto-Germanic *tradō (“way, track, spoor”). Related to δραμεῖν (drameîn), a suppletive aorist of τρέχω (trékhō, “to run”).

cog

93/94, Josephus, Jewish Antiquities, 1, 31, in Henry St. John Thackeray (tr. & ed.), Josephus with an English translation, vol. 4 (Jewish Antiquities, books I–IV), LCL, pages 14-17. Translation by Thackeray.
τῇ τετάρτῃ δὲ διακοσμεῖ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἡλίῳ καὶ σελήνῃ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἄστροις κινήσεις αὐτοῖς ἐπιστείλας καὶ δρόμους, οἷς ἂν αἱ τῶν ὡρῶν περιφοραὶ σημαίνοιντο.
têi tetártēi dè diakosmeî tòn ouranòn hēlíōi kaì selḗnēi kaì toîs állois ástrois kinḗseis autoîs episteílas kaì drómous, hoîs àn hai tôn hōrôn periphoraì sēmaínointo.

On the fourth he adorned the heaven with sun and moon and the other stars, prescribing their motions and courses to indicate the revolutions of the seasons.


θεός

grc-noun

θεός • (theós) m or f (genitive θεοῦ); second declension

theós (romanization)
θεοῦ (genitive)
ὁ θεός (nominative singular)
θεώ (dual nominative)
οἱ θεοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θεοῦ (genitive singular)
θεοῖν (dual genitive)
θεῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θεῷ (dative singular)
θεοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θεοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θεόν (accusative singular)
θεώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς θεούς (accusative plural)
θεέ (singular vocative)
θεώ (dual vocative)
θεοί (plural vocative)
θεός (nominative singular)
θεώ (dual nominative)
θεοί (nominative plural)
θεοῦ (genitive singular)
θεοῖο (genitive singular)
θεόο (genitive singular)
θεόφῐ (genitive singular)
θεόφῐν (genitive singular)
theoû (genitive singular)
theoîo (genitive singular)
theóo (genitive singular)
theóphĭ (genitive singular)
theóphĭn (genitive singular)
θεοῖῐν (dual genitive)
θεῶν (genitive plural)
θεόφῐ (genitive plural)
θεόφῐν (genitive plural)
theôn (genitive plural)
theóphĭ (genitive plural)
theóphĭn (genitive plural)
θεῷ (dative singular)
θεόφῐ (dative singular)
θεόφῐν (dative singular)
theôi (dative singular)
theóphĭ (dative singular)
theóphĭn (dative singular)
θεοῖῐν (dative dual)
θεοῖσῐ (dative plural)
θεοῖσῐν (dative plural)
θεοῖς (dative plural)
θεόφῐ (dative plural)
θεόφῐν (dative plural)
theoîsĭ (dative plural)
theoîsĭn (dative plural)
theoîs (dative plural)
theóphĭ (dative plural)
theóphĭn (dative plural)
θεόν (accusative singular)
θεώ (accusative dual)
θεούς (accusative plural)
θεέ (singular vocative)
θεώ (dual vocative)
θεοί (plural vocative)
ὁ θιός (nominative singular)
θιώ (dual nominative)
τοὶ θιοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ θιῶ (genitive singular)
θιοῖν (dual genitive)
θιῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ θιῷ (dative singular)
θιοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς θιοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν θιόν (accusative singular)
θιώ (accusative dual)
τὼς θιώς (accusative plural)
θιέ (singular vocative)
θιώ (dual vocative)
θιοί (plural vocative)
θέος (alternative)
θεύς (alternative Doric)
θιός (alternative)
θιός (alternative Laconian)
σιός (alternative Laconian)

grc-decl

Classical Greek used no vocative singular, while later Greek allowed for both θεός (theós) and θεέ (theé).

θεοῦ/θεοῖο/θεόο/θεόφῐ(ν)

θεῷ/θεόφῐ(ν)

θεῶν/θεόφῐ(ν)

θεοῖσῐ(ν)/θεοῖς/θεόφῐ(ν)

Boeotian: θῐός (thĭós)

Cypriot, Cretan: θιός (thiós)

Doric: θεύς (theús)

→ English: theo-

→ French: théo-

Greek: θεός (theós)

→ Italian: teo-

Laconic: σῐός (sĭós)

→ Spanish: teo-

→ Portuguese: teo-

desc

Mariupol Greek: тъео́с (θjeós), тъего́с (θjehós)

From Proto-Hellenic *tʰehós (whence also Mycenaean Greek 𐀳𐀃 (te-o)), a thematicization of amphikinetic Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁-s-(s) ~ *dʰh₁-s-és, from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, to put, to place”) + *-s (s-stem forming suffix). Cognate with Phrygian δεως (deōs, “to the gods”), Old Armenian դիք (dikʻ, “gods”) and Latin fēriae (“festival days”), fānum (“temple”) and fēstus (“festive”).
Despite its similarity in form and meaning, the word is not related to Latin deus; the two come from different roots. A true cognate of deus is Ζεύς (Zeús).


θάνατος

grc-noun

θᾰ́νᾰτος • (thắnătos) m (genitive θᾰνᾰ́του); second declension

θᾰ́νᾰτος (canonical)
thắnătos (romanization)
θᾰνᾰ́του (genitive)
ὁ θᾰ́νᾰτος (nominative singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τω (dual nominative)
οἱ θᾰ́νᾰτοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ θᾰνᾰ́του (genitive singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
θᾰνᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ θᾰνᾰ́τῳ (dative singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θᾰνᾰ́τοις (dative plural)
τὸν θᾰ́νᾰτον (accusative singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τω (accusative dual)
τοὺς θᾰνᾰ́τους (accusative plural)
θᾰ́νᾰτε (singular vocative)
θᾰνᾰ́τω (dual vocative)
θᾰ́νᾰτοι (plural vocative)
θᾰ́νᾰτος (nominative singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τω (dual nominative)
θᾰ́νᾰτοι (nominative plural)
θᾰνᾰ́του (genitive singular)
θᾰνᾰτοῖο (genitive singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τοιο (genitive singular)
θᾰνᾰτόο (genitive singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τοο (genitive singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τοιῐν (dual genitive)
θᾰνᾰ́των (genitive plural)
θᾰνᾰ́τῳ (dative singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τοιῐν (dative dual)
θᾰνᾰ́τοισῐ (dative plural)
θᾰνᾰ́τοισῐν (dative plural)
θᾰνᾰ́τοις (dative plural)
thănắtoisĭ (dative plural)
thănắtoisĭn (dative plural)
thănắtois (dative plural)
θᾰ́νᾰτον (accusative singular)
θᾰνᾰ́τω (accusative dual)
θᾰνᾰ́τους (accusative plural)
θᾰ́νᾰτε (singular vocative)
θᾰνᾰ́τω (dual vocative)
θᾰ́νᾰτοι (plural vocative)
δάνος (alternative Macedonian)


φοβέω

grc-verb

φοβέω • (phobéō)

phobéō (romanization)
φοβέω (active first-person indicative singular)
φοβέεις (active indicative second-person singular)
φοβέει (active indicative singular third-person)
φοβέετον (active dual indicative second-person)
φοβέετον (active dual indicative third-person)
φοβέομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
φοβέετε (active indicative plural second-person)
φοβέουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
φοβέουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
φοβέω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
φοβέῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβέῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβέητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
φοβέητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
φοβέωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
φοβέητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβέωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβέωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβέοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
φοβέοις (active optative second-person singular)
φοβέοι (active optative singular third-person)
φοβέοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
φοβεοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
φοβέοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
φοβέοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
φοβέοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
φόβεε (active imperative second-person singular)
φοβεέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
φοβέετον (active dual imperative second-person)
φοβεέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
φοβέετε (active imperative plural second-person)
φοβεόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
φοβέομαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
φοβέῃ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
φοβέει (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
φοβέεται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
φοβέεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
φοβέεσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
φοβεόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
φοβέεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
φοβέονται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
φοβέωμαι (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
φοβέῃ (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβέηται (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβέησθον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
φοβέησθον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
φοβεώμεθᾰ (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
φοβέησθε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβέωνται (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβεοίμην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
φοβέοιο (middle optative passive second-person singular)
φοβέοιτο (middle optative passive singular third-person)
φοβέοισθον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
φοβεοίσθην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
φοβεοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative passive plural)
φοβέοισθε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
φοβέοιντο (middle optative passive plural third-person)
φοβέου (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
φοβεέσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
φοβέεσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
φοβεέσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
φοβέεσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
φοβεέσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
φοβέειν (active infinitive)
φοβέεσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
φοβέων (active masculine participle)
φοβεόμενος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
φοβέουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
φοβεομένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
φοβέον (active neuter participle)
φοβεόμενον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
φοβῶ (active first-person indicative singular)
φοβεῖς (active indicative second-person singular)
φοβεῖ (active indicative singular third-person)
φοβεῖτον (active dual indicative second-person)
φοβεῖτον (active dual indicative third-person)
φοβοῦμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
φοβεῖτε (active indicative plural second-person)
φοβοῦσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
φοβοῦσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
φοβῶ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
φοβῇς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβῇ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβῆτον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
φοβῆτον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
φοβῶμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
φοβῆτε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβῶσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβῶσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβοίην (active first-person optative singular)
φοβοῖμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
φοβοίης (active optative second-person singular)
φοβοῖς (active optative second-person singular)
φοβοίη (active optative singular third-person)
φοβοῖ (active optative singular third-person)
φοβοῖτον (active dual optative second-person)
φοβοίητον (active dual optative second-person)
φοβοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
φοβοιήτην (active dual optative third-person)
φοβοῖμεν (active first-person optative plural)
φοβοίημεν (active first-person optative plural)
φοβοῖτε (active optative plural second-person)
φοβοίητε (active optative plural second-person)
φοβοῖεν (active optative plural third-person)
φοβοίησᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
φόβει (active imperative second-person singular)
φοβείτω (active imperative singular third-person)
φοβεῖτον (active dual imperative second-person)
φοβείτων (active dual imperative third-person)
φοβεῖτε (active imperative plural second-person)
φοβούντων (active imperative plural third-person)
φοβοῦμαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
φοβεῖ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
φοβῇ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
φοβεῖται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
φοβεῖσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
φοβεῖσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
φοβούμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
φοβεῖσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
φοβοῦνται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
φοβῶμαι (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
φοβῇ (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβῆται (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβῆσθον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
φοβῆσθον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
φοβώμεθᾰ (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
φοβῆσθε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβῶνται (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβοίμην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
φοβοῖο (middle optative passive second-person singular)
φοβοῖτο (middle optative passive singular third-person)
φοβοῖσθον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
φοβοίσθην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
φοβοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative passive plural)
φοβοῖσθε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
φοβοῖντο (middle optative passive plural third-person)
φοβοῦ (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
φοβείσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
φοβεῖσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
φοβείσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
φοβεῖσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
φοβείσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
φοβεῖν (active infinitive)
φοβεῖσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
φοβῶν (active masculine participle)
φοβούμενος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
φοβοῦσᾰ (active feminine participle)
φοβουμένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
φοβοῦν (active neuter participle)
φοβούμενον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἐφόβεον (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐφόβεες (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐφόβεε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐφόβεεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐφοβέετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐφοβεέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐφοβέομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐφοβέετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐφόβεον (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐφοβεόμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐφοβέου (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐφοβέετο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐφοβέεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐφοβεέσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐφοβεόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐφοβέεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐφοβέοντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
ἐφόβουν (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐφόβεις (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐφόβει (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐφοβεῖτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐφοβείτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐφοβοῦμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐφοβεῖτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐφόβουν (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐφοβούμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐφοβοῦ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐφοβεῖτο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐφοβεῖσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐφοβείσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐφοβούμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐφοβεῖσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐφοβοῦντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
φοβήσω (active first-person indicative singular)
φοβήσεις (active indicative second-person singular)
φοβήσει (active indicative singular third-person)
φοβήσετον (active dual indicative second-person)
φοβήσετον (active dual indicative third-person)
φοβήσομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
φοβήσετε (active indicative plural second-person)
φοβήσουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
φοβήσουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
φοβήσοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
φοβήσοις (active optative second-person singular)
φοβήσοι (active optative singular third-person)
φοβήσοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
φοβησοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
φοβήσοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
φοβήσοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
φοβήσοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
φοβήσομαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
φοβήσῃ (indicative middle second-person singular)
φοβήσει (indicative middle second-person singular)
φοβήσεται (indicative middle singular third-person)
φοβήσεσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
φοβήσεσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
φοβησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
φοβήσεσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
φοβήσονται (indicative middle plural third-person)
φοβησοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
φοβήσοιο (middle optative second-person singular)
φοβήσοιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
φοβήσοισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
φοβησοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
φοβησοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
φοβήσοισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
φοβήσοιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
φοβηθήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
φοβηθήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
φοβηθήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
φοβηθήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
φοβηθήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
φοβηθησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
φοβηθήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
φοβηθήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
φοβηθησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
φοβηθήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
φοβηθήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
φοβηθήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
φοβηθησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
φοβηθησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
φοβηθήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
φοβηθήσοιντο (optative passive plural third-person)
φοβήσειν (active infinitive)
φοβήσεσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
φοβηθήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
φοβήσων (active masculine participle)
φοβησόμενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
φοβήσουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
φοβησομένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθησομένη (feminine participle passive)
φοβῆσον (active neuter participle)
φοβησόμενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
ἐφόβησᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐφόβησᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐφόβησε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐφόβησεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐφοβήσᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐφοβησᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐφοβήσᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐφοβήσᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐφόβησᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
φοβήσω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
φοβήσῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβήσῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
φοβήσητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
φοβήσητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβήσωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
φοβήσειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
φοβήσαις (active optative second-person singular)
φοβήσειε (active optative singular third-person)
φοβήσειεν (active optative singular third-person)
φοβήσαι (active optative singular third-person)
φοβήσαιτον (active dual optative second-person)
φοβησαίτην (active dual optative third-person)
φοβήσαιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
φοβήσαιτε (active optative plural second-person)
φοβήσειᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
φοβήσαιεν (active optative plural third-person)
φόβησον (active imperative second-person singular)
φοβησᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
φοβήσᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
φοβησᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
φοβήσᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
φοβησᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
ἐφοβησᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἐφοβήσω (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἐφοβήσᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἐφοβήσᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἐφοβησᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἐφοβησᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐφοβήσᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἐφοβήσᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
φοβήσωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
φοβήσῃ (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβήσηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
φοβήσησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
φοβησώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
φοβήσησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβήσωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβησαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
φοβήσαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
φοβήσαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
φοβήσαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
φοβησαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
φοβησαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
φοβήσαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
φοβήσαιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
φόβησαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
φοβησᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
φοβήσᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
φοβησᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
φοβήσᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
φοβησᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
ἐφοβήθην (first-person indicative passive singular)
ἐφοβήθης (indicative passive second-person singular)
ἐφοβήθη (indicative passive singular third-person)
ἐφοβήθητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
ἐφοβηθήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
ἐφοβήθημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
ἐφοβήθητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
ἐφοβήθησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
φοβηθῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
φοβηθῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβηθῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβηθῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
φοβηθῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
φοβηθῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
φοβηθῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβηθῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβηθῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβηθείην (first-person optative passive singular)
φοβηθείης (optative passive second-person singular)
φοβηθείη (optative passive singular third-person)
φοβηθεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
φοβηθείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
φοβηθείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
φοβηθειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
φοβηθεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
φοβηθείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
φοβηθεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
φοβηθείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
φοβηθεῖεν (optative passive plural third-person)
φοβηθείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
φοβήθητῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
φοβηθήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
φοβήθητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
φοβηθήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
φοβήθητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
φοβηθέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
φοβῆσαι (active infinitive)
φοβήσᾰσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
φοβηθῆναι (infinitive passive)
φοβήσᾱς (active masculine participle)
φοβησᾰ́μενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθείς (masculine participle passive)
φοβήσᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
φοβησᾰμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
φοβῆσᾰν (active neuter participle)
φοβησᾰ́μενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθέν (neuter participle passive)
φόβησᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
φόβησᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
φόβησε (active indicative singular third-person)
φόβησεν (active indicative singular third-person)
φοβήσᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
φοβησᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
φοβήσᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
φοβήσᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
φόβησᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
φοβήσω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
φοβήσωμῐ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
φοβήσῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβήσῃσθᾰ (active second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβήσῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσῃσῐ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
φοβήσητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
φοβήσητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβήσωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
φοβήσαις (active optative second-person singular)
φοβήσαισθᾰ (active optative second-person singular)
φοβήσειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
φοβήσειε (active optative singular third-person)
φοβήσειεν (active optative singular third-person)
φοβήσαι (active optative singular third-person)
φοβησεῖτον (active dual optative second-person)
φοβησείτην (active dual optative third-person)
φοβησεῖμεν (active first-person optative plural)
φοβησεῖτε (active optative plural second-person)
φοβησεῖεν (active optative plural third-person)
φόβησον (active imperative second-person singular)
φοβησᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
φοβήσᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
φοβησᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
φοβήσᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
φοβησᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
φοβησᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
φοβήσᾰο (indicative middle second-person singular)
φοβήσᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
φοβήσᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
φοβησᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
φοβησᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
φοβησᾰ́μεσθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
φοβήσᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
φοβήσᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
φοβήσωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
φοβήσηαι (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβήσηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβήσησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
φοβήσησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
φοβησώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
φοβησώμεσθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
φοβήσησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβήσωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβησαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
φοβήσαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
φοβήσαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
φοβήσαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
φοβησαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
φοβησαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
φοβησαίμεσθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
φοβήσαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
φοβησαίᾰτο (middle optative plural third-person)
φόβησαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
φοβησᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
φοβήσᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
φοβησᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
φοβήσᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
φοβησᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
φοβήθην (first-person indicative passive singular)
φοβήθης (indicative passive second-person singular)
φοβήθη (indicative passive singular third-person)
φοβήθητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
φοβηθήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
φοβήθημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
φοβήθητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
φοβήθησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
φόβηθεν (indicative passive plural third-person)
φοβηθῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
φοβηθῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
φοβηθῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
φοβηθῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
φοβηθῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
φοβηθῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
φοβηθῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
φοβηθῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβηθῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
φοβηθείην (first-person optative passive singular)
φοβηθείης (optative passive second-person singular)
φοβηθείη (optative passive singular third-person)
φοβηθεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
φοβηθείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
φοβηθείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
φοβηθειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
φοβηθεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
φοβηθείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
φοβηθεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
φοβηθείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
φοβήθειεν (optative passive plural third-person)
φοβηθείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
φοβήθητῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
φοβηθήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
φοβήθητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
φοβηθήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
φοβήθητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
φοβηθέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
φοβῆσαι (active infinitive)
φοβησᾰ́μεν (active infinitive)
φοβησᾰμέναι (active infinitive)
φοβήσᾰσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
φοβηθῆναι (infinitive passive)
φοβηθήμεναι (infinitive passive)
φοβήσᾱς (active masculine participle)
φοβησᾰ́μενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθείς (masculine participle passive)
φοβήσᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
φοβησᾰμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
φοβῆσᾰν (active neuter participle)
φοβησᾰ́μενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
φοβηθέν (neuter participle passive)
πεφόβηκᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
πεφόβηκᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
πεφόβηκε (active indicative singular third-person)
πεφόβηκεν (active indicative singular third-person)
πεφοβήκᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
πεφοβήκᾰτον (active dual indicative third-person)
πεφοβήκᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
πεφοβήκᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
πεφοβήκᾱσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
πεφοβήκᾱσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
πεφοβήκω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
πεφοβήκῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
πεφοβήκῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
πεφοβήκητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
πεφοβήκητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
πεφοβήκωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
πεφοβήκητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
πεφοβήκωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
πεφοβήκωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
πεφοβήκοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
πεφοβηκοίην (active first-person optative singular)
πεφοβήκοις (active optative second-person singular)
πεφοβηκοίης (active optative second-person singular)
πεφοβήκοι (active optative singular third-person)
πεφοβηκοίη (active optative singular third-person)
πεφοβήκοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
πεφοβηκοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
πεφοβήκοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
πεφοβήκοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
πεφοβήκοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
πεφόβηκε (active imperative second-person singular)
πεφοβηκέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
πεφοβήκετον (active dual imperative second-person)
πεφοβηκέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
πεφοβήκετε (active imperative plural second-person)
πεφοβηκόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
πεφόβημαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
πεφόβησαι (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
πεφόβηται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
πεφόβησθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
πεφόβησθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
πεφοβήμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
πεφόβησθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
πεφόβηνται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
πεφοβημένος ὦ (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
πεφοβημένος ᾖς (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
πεφοβημένος ᾖ (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
πεφοβημένω ἦτον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
πεφοβημένω ἦτον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
πεφοβημένοι ὦμεν (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
πεφοβημένοι ἦτε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
πεφοβημένοι ὦσῐ (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
πεφοβημένοι ὦσῐν (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
πεφοβημένος εἴην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
πεφοβημένος εἴης (middle optative passive second-person singular)
πεφοβημένος εἴη (middle optative passive singular third-person)
πεφοβημένω εἴητον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
εἶτον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
πεφοβημένω εἰήτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
εἴτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
πεφοβημένοι εἴημεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
εἶμεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
πεφοβημένοι εἴητε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
εἶτε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
πεφοβημένοι εἴησᾰν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
εἶεν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
πεφόβησο (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
πεφοβήσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
πεφόβησθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
πεφοβήσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
πεφόβησθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
πεφοβήσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
πεφοβηκέναι (active infinitive)
πεφοβῆσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
πεφοβηκώς (active masculine participle)
πεφοβημένος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
πεφοβηκυῖᾰ (active feminine participle)
πεφοβημένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
πεφοβηκός (active neuter participle)
πεφοβημένον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἐπεφοβήκειν (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐπεφοβήκη (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐπεφοβήκεις (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐπεφοβήκης (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐπεφοβήκει (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐπεφοβήκειν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐπεφοβήκετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐπεφοβηκέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐπεφοβήκεμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐπεφοβήκετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐπεφοβήκεσᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐπεφοβήμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐπεφόβησο (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐπεφόβητο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐπεφόβησθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐπεφοβήσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐπεφοβήμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐπεφόβησθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐπεφόβηντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰogʷéyō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogʷéyeti. Cognate to Sanskrit भाजयति (bhājáyati). Compare φόβος (phóbos, “fear”).


γράφω

γρᾰ́φω • (grắphō)

γρᾰ́φω (canonical)
grắphō (romanization)
γρᾰ́φω (active first-person indicative singular)
γρᾰ́φεις (active indicative second-person singular)
γρᾰ́φει (active indicative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́φετον (active dual indicative second-person)
γρᾰ́φετον (active dual indicative third-person)
γρᾰ́φομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
γρᾰ́φετε (active indicative plural second-person)
γρᾰ́φουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́φουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́φω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́φητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́φωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́φωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́φοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
γρᾰ́φοις (active optative second-person singular)
γρᾰ́φοι (active optative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́φοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
γρᾰφοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
γρᾰ́φοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
γρᾰ́φοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
γρᾰ́φοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́φε (active imperative second-person singular)
γρᾰφέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́φετον (active dual imperative second-person)
γρᾰφέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
γρᾰ́φετε (active imperative plural second-person)
γρᾰφόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́φομαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
γρᾰ́φῃ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
γρᾰ́φει (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
γρᾰ́φεται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
γρᾰ́φεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
γρᾰ́φεσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
γρᾰφόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
γρᾰ́φεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
γρᾰ́φονται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
γρᾰ́φωμαι (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φῃ (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φηται (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́φησθον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φησθον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰφώμεθᾰ (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φησθε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰ́φωνται (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰφοίμην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
γρᾰ́φοιο (middle optative passive second-person singular)
γρᾰ́φοιτο (middle optative passive singular third-person)
γρᾰ́φοισθον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
γρᾰφοίσθην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
γρᾰφοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative passive plural)
γρᾰ́φοισθε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
γρᾰ́φοιντο (middle optative passive plural third-person)
γρᾰ́φου (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
γρᾰφέσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
γρᾰ́φεσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
γρᾰφέσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
γρᾰ́φεσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
γρᾰφέσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
γρᾰ́φειν (active infinitive)
γρᾰ́φεσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
γρᾰ́φων (active masculine participle)
γρᾰφόμενος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
γρᾰ́φουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
γρᾰφομένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
γρᾰ́φον (active neuter participle)
γρᾰφόμενον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἔγρᾰφον (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔγρᾰφες (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔγρᾰφε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔγρᾰφεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́φετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐγρᾰφέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́φομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐγρᾰ́φετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἔγρᾰφον (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐγρᾰφόμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐγρᾰ́φου (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐγρᾰ́φετο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́φεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐγρᾰφέσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐγρᾰφόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐγρᾰ́φεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐγρᾰ́φοντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψω (active first-person indicative singular)
γρᾰ́ψεις (active indicative second-person singular)
γρᾰ́ψει (active indicative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψετον (active dual indicative second-person)
γρᾰ́ψετον (active dual indicative third-person)
γρᾰ́ψομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
γρᾰ́ψετε (active indicative plural second-person)
γρᾰ́ψουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
γρᾰ́ψοις (active optative second-person singular)
γρᾰ́ψοι (active optative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
γρᾰψοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
γρᾰ́ψοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
γρᾰ́ψοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
γρᾰ́ψοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψομαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
γρᾰ́ψῃ (indicative middle second-person singular)
γρᾰ́ψει (indicative middle second-person singular)
γρᾰ́ψεται (indicative middle singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψεσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
γρᾰ́ψεσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
γρᾰψόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
γρᾰ́ψεσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
γρᾰ́ψονται (indicative middle plural third-person)
γρᾰψοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
γρᾰ́ψοιο (middle optative second-person singular)
γρᾰ́ψοιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψοισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
γρᾰψοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
γρᾰψοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
γρᾰ́ψοισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
γρᾰ́ψοιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
γρᾰφήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
γρᾰφήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
γρᾰφήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
γρᾰφήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
γρᾰφήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
γρᾰφησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
γρᾰφήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
γρᾰφήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
γρᾰφησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
γρᾰφήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
γρᾰφήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
γρᾰφήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
γρᾰφησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
γρᾰφησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
γρᾰφήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
γρᾰφήσοιντο (optative passive plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψειν (active infinitive)
γρᾰ́ψεσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
γρᾰφήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
γρᾰ́ψων (active masculine participle)
γρᾰψόμενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
γρᾰφησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
γρᾰ́ψουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
γρᾰψομένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
γρᾰφησομένη (feminine participle passive)
γρᾰ́ψον (active neuter participle)
γρᾰψόμενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
γρᾰφησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
ἔγρᾰψᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔγρᾰψᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔγρᾰψε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔγρᾰψεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́ψᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐγρᾰψᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́ψᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐγρᾰ́ψᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἔγρᾰψᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́ψητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́ψωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́ψωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́ψαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
γρᾰ́ψειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
γρᾰ́ψαις (active optative second-person singular)
γρᾰ́ψειε (active optative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψειεν (active optative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψαι (active optative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψαιτον (active dual optative second-person)
γρᾰψαίτην (active dual optative third-person)
γρᾰ́ψαιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
γρᾰ́ψαιτε (active optative plural second-person)
γρᾰ́ψειᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψαιεν (active optative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψον (active imperative second-person singular)
γρᾰψᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
γρᾰψᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
γρᾰ́ψᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
γρᾰψᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
ἐγρᾰψᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἐγρᾰ́ψω (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἐγρᾰ́ψᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́ψᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἐγρᾰψᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἐγρᾰψᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐγρᾰ́ψᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἐγρᾰ́ψᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψῃ (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰ́ψησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰψώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰ́ψωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰψαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
γρᾰ́ψαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
γρᾰ́ψαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
γρᾰψαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
γρᾰψαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
γρᾰ́ψαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
γρᾰ́ψαιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
γρᾰψᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
γρᾰ́ψᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
γρᾰψᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
γρᾰ́ψᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
γρᾰψᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́φην (first-person indicative passive singular)
ἐγρᾰ́φης (indicative passive second-person singular)
ἐγρᾰ́φη (indicative passive singular third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́φητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
ἐγρᾰφήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
ἐγρᾰ́φημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
ἐγρᾰ́φητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
ἐγρᾰ́φησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
γρᾰφῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
γρᾰφῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
γρᾰφῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰφῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰφῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰφῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
γρᾰφῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
γρᾰφῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰφῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
γρᾰφείην (first-person optative passive singular)
γρᾰφείης (optative passive second-person singular)
γρᾰφείη (optative passive singular third-person)
γρᾰφεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
γρᾰφείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
γρᾰφείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
γρᾰφειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
γρᾰφεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
γρᾰφείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
γρᾰφεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
γρᾰφείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
γρᾰφεῖεν (optative passive plural third-person)
γρᾰφείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
γρᾰ́φηθῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
γρᾰφήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
γρᾰ́φητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
γρᾰφήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
γρᾰ́φητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
γρᾰφέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
γρᾰ́ψαι (active infinitive)
γρᾰ́ψᾰσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
γρᾰφῆναι (infinitive passive)
γρᾰ́ψᾱς (active masculine participle)
γρᾰψᾰ́μενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
γρᾰφείς (masculine participle passive)
γρᾰ́ψᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
γρᾰψᾰμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
γρᾰφεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
γρᾰ́ψᾰν (active neuter participle)
γρᾰψᾰ́μενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
γρᾰφέν (neuter participle passive)
γέγρᾰφᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
γέγρᾰφᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
γέγρᾰφε (active indicative singular third-person)
γέγρᾰφεν (active indicative singular third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
γεγρᾰ́φᾰτον (active dual indicative third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
γεγρᾰ́φᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
γεγρᾰ́φᾱσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φᾱσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
γεγρᾰ́φῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
γεγρᾰ́φῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
γεγρᾰ́φητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
γεγρᾰ́φητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
γεγρᾰ́φωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
γεγρᾰφοίην (active first-person optative singular)
γεγρᾰ́φοις (active optative second-person singular)
γεγρᾰφοίης (active optative second-person singular)
γεγρᾰ́φοι (active optative singular third-person)
γεγρᾰφοίη (active optative singular third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
γεγρᾰφοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
γεγρᾰ́φοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
γεγρᾰ́φοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
γέγρᾰφε (active imperative second-person singular)
γεγρᾰφέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φετον (active dual imperative second-person)
γεγρᾰφέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
γεγρᾰ́φετε (active imperative plural second-person)
γεγρᾰφόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
γέγρᾰμμαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
γέγρᾰψαι (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
γέγρᾰπται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
γέγρᾰφθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
γέγρᾰφθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
γεγρᾰ́μμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
γέγρᾰφθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
γεγρᾰ́φᾰται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
γεγρᾰμμένος ὦ (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
γεγρᾰμμένος ᾖς (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
γεγρᾰμμένος ᾖ (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
γεγρᾰμμένω ἦτον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
γεγρᾰμμένω ἦτον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
γεγρᾰμμένοι ὦμεν (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
γεγρᾰμμένοι ἦτε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
γεγρᾰμμένοι ὦσῐ (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
γεγρᾰμμένοι ὦσῐν (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
γεγρᾰμμένος εἴην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
γεγρᾰμμένος εἴης (middle optative passive second-person singular)
γεγρᾰμμένος εἴη (middle optative passive singular third-person)
γεγρᾰμμένω εἴητον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
εἶτον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
γεγρᾰμμένω εἰήτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
εἴτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
γεγρᾰμμένοι εἴημεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
εἶμεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
γεγρᾰμμένοι εἴητε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
εἶτε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
γεγρᾰμμένοι εἴησᾰν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
εἶεν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
γέγρᾰψο (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
γεγρᾰ́φθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
γέγρᾰφθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
γεγρᾰ́φθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
γέγρᾰφθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
γεγρᾰ́φθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
γεγρᾰφέναι (active infinitive)
γεγρᾰ́φθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
γεγρᾰφώς (active masculine participle)
γεγρᾰμμένος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
γεγρᾰφυῖᾰ (active feminine participle)
γεγρᾰμμένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
γεγρᾰφός (active neuter participle)
γεγρᾰμμένον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φειν (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φη (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φεις (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φης (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φει (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φειν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐγεγρᾰφέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φεμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φεσᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐγεγρᾰ́μμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐγέγρᾰψο (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐγέγρᾰπτο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐγέγρᾰφθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐγεγρᾰ́μμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐγέγρᾰφθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐγεγρᾰ́φᾰτο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)

Greek: γράφω (gráfo)

Mariupol Greek: гра́фту (hráftu)

→ Italian: graffire

From Proto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō, from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-. Cognates include Old English ċeorfan (English carve), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбъ (žrěbŭ).

γράψεν δέ οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις / αἰχμὴ Πουλυδάμαντος […]
grápsen dé hoi ostéon ákhris / aikhmḕ Pouludámantos […]

and the spearpoint of Polydamas scratched him close to the bone […]


καιρός

grc-noun

καιρός • (kairós) m (genitive καιροῦ); second declension

kairós (romanization)
καιροῦ (genitive)
ὁ καιρός (nominative singular)
καιρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ καιροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ καιροῦ (genitive singular)
καιροῖν (dual genitive)
καιρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ καιρῷ (dative singular)
καιροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς καιροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν καιρόν (accusative singular)
καιρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς καιρούς (accusative plural)
καιρέ (singular vocative)
καιρώ (dual vocative)
καιροί (plural vocative)

Greek: καιρός (kairós)

Mariupol Greek: чиро́с (čirós)

→? Albanian: qëro

→ English: kairos

→ French: kairos

Of unclear origin. Possibly related to κείρω (keírō, “to shear, cut short”) (as a "decisive moment"), κεράννυμι (keránnumi, “to mix”) (as an "atmospherical mix"), or κύρω (kúrō, “to meet (accidentally)”); Beekes seems to favor the connection to κείρω (keírō) the most. Might also be related to, or the source of, Albanian qëro (“time”) (an archaic term).

(often in a positive sense) proper time, opportunity; prime, the right moment, the fatal spot


σῶμα

σῶμα • (sôma) n (genitive σώματος); third declension

sôma (romanization)
σώματος (genitive)
τὸ σῶμᾰ (nominative singular)
σώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
σωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
σωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
σωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sṓmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs sṓmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σῶμᾰ (accusative singular)
σώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σῶμᾰ (singular vocative)
σώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σώμα (sóma)

English: soma, somato-, -some, somatic

Coptic: ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (sōma)

Of disputed origin:
* Maybe from Proto-Hellenic *twṓmə, from Proto-Indo-European *twoH-mn̥ (“compactness, swelling”), derived from *tewh₂- (“to swell”) + *-mn̥ (“nominal suffix”), and compared with σωρός (sōrós, “heap”). However, as Beekes notes in his entry on σῶς (sôs, “safe, healthy”), such an o-grade formation is rather strange. Compare, however, ποιμήν (poimḗn, “shepherd”).
* Alternatively, from Proto-Hellenic *styṓmə, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tyoH-mn̥ (“what has stiffened”), derived from *styeH- (“to stiffen”) + *-mn̥, and compared with Sanskrit स्त्या (styā, “to flow, get stiff”).

cog

(Homeric and often in other early works) dead body

body (both that of people and animals)
dead body


θρόνος

grc-noun

θρόνος • (thrónos) m (genitive θρόνου); second declension

thrónos (romanization)
θρόνου (genitive)
ὁ θρόνος (nominative singular)
θρόνω (dual nominative)
οἱ θρόνοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ θρόνου (genitive singular)
θρόνοιν (dual genitive)
θρόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ θρόνῳ (dative singular)
θρόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θρόνοις (dative plural)
τὸν θρόνον (accusative singular)
θρόνω (accusative dual)
τοὺς θρόνους (accusative plural)
θρόνε (singular vocative)
θρόνω (dual vocative)
θρόνοι (plural vocative)

Greek: θρόνος (thrónos)

→ Aramaic: תְּרוֹנוֹס (ṭronos)

→ Coptic: ⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ (thronos)

→ Latin: thronus (see there for further descendants)

→ Russian: трон m (tron)

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”), but this root presents a number of problems, such as the lack of the suffix *-onos in Proto-Indo-European, the lack of any words meaning "chair" from this root in any other Indo-European languages, and the lack of any definite Greek descendants from the root itself. Comparisons to θρᾶνος (thrânos, “bench”) and θρῆνυς (thrênus, “footstool”) are also improbable, due to lack of evidence of their supposed shared root *dʰerh₂-. Due to the suffix -όνος usually being indicative of a Pre-Greek word (as in χρόνος (khrónos), Κρόνος (Krónos)), Beekes suggests that this could be the case for θρόνος (thrónos) as well.

τά που καὶ Ζηνὸς ἐπὶ θρόνον ἄγαγε φάμα

...which Rumour may well have carried up to the throne of Zeus.

tá pou kaì Zēnòs epì thrónon ágage pháma


κλέπτης

κλέπτης • (kléptēs) m (genitive κλέπτου); first declension

kléptēs (romanization)
κλέπτου (genitive)
ὁ κλέπτης (nominative singular)
κλέπτᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ κλέπται (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλέπτου (genitive singular)
κλέπταιν (dual genitive)
κλεπτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κλέπτῃ (dative singular)
κλέπταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλέπταις (dative plural)
τὸν κλέπτην (accusative singular)
κλέπτᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κλέπτᾱς (accusative plural)
κλέπτᾰ (singular vocative)
κλέπτᾱ (dual vocative)
κλέπται (plural vocative)

English: klepton

From κλεπ-, the root of κλέπτω (kléptō, “I steal”), + -της (-tēs, masculine agentive suffix).


ἀγρός

grc-noun

ᾰ̓γρός • (ăgrós) m (genitive ᾰ̓γροῦ); second declension

ᾰ̓γρός (canonical)
ăgrós (romanization)
ᾰ̓γροῦ (genitive)
ὁ ᾰ̓γρός (nominative singular)
ᾰ̓γρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ᾰ̓γροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓γροῦ (genitive singular)
ᾰ̓γροῖν (dual genitive)
ᾰ̓γρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓γρῷ (dative singular)
ᾰ̓γροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓γροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ᾰ̓γρόν (accusative singular)
ᾰ̓γρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ᾰ̓γρούς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓γρέ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓γρώ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓γροί (plural vocative)

Greek: αγρός m (agrós, “field”)

From Proto-Hellenic *agrós, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵros. Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀒𐀫 (a-ko-ro), Latin ager, Sanskrit अज्र (ájra) and Old English æcer (English acre).


βίος

βῐ́ος • (bĭ́os) m (genitive βῐ́ου); second declension

βῐ́ος (canonical)
bĭ́os (romanization)
βῐ́ου (genitive)
ὁ βῐ́ος (nominative singular)
βῐ́ω (dual nominative)
οἱ βῐ́οι (nominative plural)
τοῦ βῐ́ου (genitive singular)
βῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
βῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ βῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
βῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸν βῐ́ον (accusative singular)
βῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τοὺς βῐ́ους (accusative plural)
βῐ́ε (singular vocative)
βῐ́ω (dual vocative)
βῐ́οι (plural vocative)

Greek: βίος (víos)

→ Coptic: ⲃⲓⲟⲥ (bios)

→ English: bio-

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bio-

Either from Proto-Hellenic *gʷīwos, from *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), and cognate with Old English cwic (English quick), Latin vīvus, and Old Church Slavonic живъ (živŭ); or a syncope of βίοτος (bíotos).
In either case, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”), whence also ζωός (zōós) and ζῷον (zôion), and cognate with Old Church Slavonic жити (žiti), Sanskrit जीवति (jīvati), Latin vīvō, Old Armenian կեամ (keam).

der

life (often with a positive connotation: the good life)


καρπός

grc-noun

κᾰρπός • (kărpós) m (genitive κᾰρποῦ); second declension

κᾰρπός (canonical)
kărpós (romanization)
κᾰρποῦ (genitive)
ὁ κᾰρπός (nominative singular)
κᾰρπώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κᾰρποί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κᾰρποῦ (genitive singular)
κᾰρποῖν (dual genitive)
κᾰρπῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κᾰρπῷ (dative singular)
κᾰρποῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κᾰρποῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κᾰρπόν (accusative singular)
κᾰρπώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κᾰρπούς (accusative plural)
κᾰρπέ (singular vocative)
κᾰρπώ (dual vocative)
κᾰρποί (plural vocative)

→ Aromanian: carpo

→ Coptic: ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ (karpos)

Greek: καρπός (karpós)

Mariupol Greek: карпо́ (karpó)

→ Turkish: karpuz

→ English: carpo-

From Proto-Hellenic *kərpós or *karpós, from Proto-Indo-European *kerp- (“pluck, harvest”), though debated whether via inheritance or borrowing from a different Indo-European branch due to the problematic α (a) in the Greek form. Compare Proto-Germanic *harbistaz (“harvest, autumn”), Proto-Slavic *čerpti (“to scoop, draw”) and Latin carpō (“to pick”), as well as Ancient Greek κείρω (keírō, “to cut off”). More at Etymology 2 below.
Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀏𐀡 (ka-po).