у

(please add the primary text of this usage example) ― ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

(East Sakhalin) scraper (for scraping hides and planing wood)


вид

vid (romanization)
вивит (alternative)
видь (alternative)
ўинт (alternative)


-д

-d (alternative)
-т (alternative)
-нт (alternative)

(North Sakhalin, East Sakhalin) indicative mood marker for verbs

(North Sakhalin, East Sakhalin, South Sakhalin) nominaliser (see usage notes)


лу

лоча лу


луд

(East Sakhalin) to ski, pushing off with poles


ват

vat (romanization)
выть (alternative)
ўыть (alternative)
ўат (alternative)

From Persian پولاد (pōlād) via Russian булат (bulat, “Damascus steel”).


кʼыск

tlb

(Amur, East Sakhalin, South Sakhalin, North Sakhalin)

Likely cognate to Manchu ᡴᡝᠰᡳᡴᡝ (kesike).


тʼуғр̌

head

тʼуғр̌ (tʼuγř)


аки

aki (romanization)
ыкыыкын (alternative)
ыкʼын (alternative)
акан (alternative)
аканд (alternative)
акад (alternative)
ыкын (alternative)
ыкыдь (alternative)

Proto-Nivkh *akan, *aki.
Possibly related to Proto-Tungusic *ake; compare Evenki акин (akin), Mongolic *aka, compare Mongolian ах (ax), and also Ainu アㇰ (ak, “younger brother”).

(East Sakhalin) elder brother; big brother


хыл

(East Sakhalin) wooden utensil with a depiction of a bear hunt used during rituals


ӄʼотр̌

ӄʼотр̌ (qʼotř)


айзӈ

From Tungusic, compare Manchu ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ (aisin).


кер̌ӄӈ

keřqŋ (romanization)
ғер̌ӄӈ (mutated)
гер̌ӄӈ (alternative)
пил кер̌ӄ (alternative)
кер̌ӄ (alternative)


мар̌

From Proto-Nivkh *me-, *mi- (“two”), with the numeral classifier for animals *-r.

(East Sakhalin, South Sakhalin, cardinal numbers) two (for counting animals)


азмыть

азмыть (azməț)


р̌аӈӷ

р̌аӈӷ (řaŋğ)


азмытьэӻлӈ

азмытьэӻлӈ (azməțeġlŋ)


анғи

(East Sakhalin, South Sakhalin) heel (of foot)


иньд

iņd (romanization)
иньдь (alternative)
инт (alternative)
нид (alternative)
инд (alternative)
инд (alternative)
ининт (alternative)
инт (alternative)
инть (alternative)


ытик

əțik (romanization)
ысик (alternative Amur)
асик (alternative Amur)

Proto-Nivkh *acik "grandmother, mother-in-law," probably from a Tungusic language. Compare Amur Nivkh атьк (ațk, “mother-in-law”), атьх (ațx, “aunt”), East Sakhalin атим (ațim).

(Amur, East Sakhalin, North Sakhalin) grandmother


-гун

-gun (romanization)
-ғун (alternative)
-хун (alternative)
-кун (alternative)

(East Sakhalin) plural marker for nouns and verbs


чӽар̌

чӽар̌ (ț’ẋař)


ӄанӈ

From Proto-Nivkh *ɢanŋ.
Similar to other Eurasian dog words such as Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n and Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ, but this is likely to be a coincidence or a parallel onomatopoeic derivation.


авғур̌

авғур̌ (avγuř)

(East Sakhalin) glue, made from fish skin and bladder


зом

(Amur, East Sakhalin, zoology) harlequin duck; rock duck


фурд

(East Sakhalin) to narrate, to tell a story


вызғалр̌

вызғалр̌ (vəzγalř)

(East Sakhalin) a dessert, similar to tolkusha or pemmican, traditionally made with boiled fish (chum salmon or pink salmon), berries (bog bilberry, lingonberry, and cloudberry), and seal fat.


лых

niv-regional

ных, нух, лых

(Amur, North Sakhalin, East Sakhalin) rain


кеӽ

(Amur, East Sakhalin, zoology) gull; seagull


олӻоӈ

head

олӻоӈ (olġoŋ)

olġoŋ (romanization)
олоӈ (alternative)
олғуӈ (alternative)

Possibly from Tungusic, compare Nanai олгиан (olgian).

олӻоӈ ӈоӽ

(Amur, East Sakhalin, zoology) pig, boar


намр̌

намр̌ (namř)


пазр̌

пазр̌ (pazř)


ед

From Proto-Nivkh *j-(h)e-nt. The forms with h- are from Proto-Nivkh forms lacking an undergoer prefix j-, not by a regular alternation.

(East Sakhalin) to stew (over a low flame)


ӻорӄорид

ӻорӄорид (ġorqorid)

Ни чаӽ ӻорӄорид


вавд

vavd (romanization)
вывдь (alternative Amur)

Proto-Nivkh *av- "to marry," with reciprocal prefix в- (v-) and indicative marker *-nt. Compare also Amur Nivkh вави (vavi, “to get married”) for a similar reciprocal derivation.


вавд

Proto-Nivkh *bav- "to pound," with an indicative marker *-nt. According to Fortescue, possibly related to Proto-Nivkh *cvəvr "hammer" derived with a deverbal instrumental affix *-r, in which case a doublet of Amur Nivkh чвывс (ț’vəvs)


вед

ved (romanization)
ўед (alternative)
ведь (alternative)
ўент (alternative)

Proto-Nivkh *we- "to run (of an animal)".

(East Sakhalin) to go, run (of an animal)


чоӽ

(Amur, East Sakhalin) juice from plants and berries


тʼхар̌пт

тʼхар̌пт (tʼxařpt)


сидух

Loanword shared with Tungusic. Possibly related to Ainu シントコ.


тяӄо

(Amur, North Sakhalin, East Sakhalin) knife


ӽотаӈ

ӽотаӈ (ẋotaŋ)

ẋotaŋ (romanization)
хотаӈ (alternative)

From Middle Mongol [Term?]. Compare Mongolian хот (xot) and Nanai хотон (hoton).


тʼу

(Amur, East Sakhalin, South Sakhalin) dogsled


кʼилӈ

кʼилӈ (kʼilŋ)


кʼилӈ

кʼилӈ (kʼilŋ)


кʼуғи

кʼуғи (kʼuγi)


кʼуғи

кʼуғи (kʼuγi)


ӄʼатьӈ

ӄʼатьӈ (qʼațŋ)

(East Sakhalin) specimen; sort; kind; variety


марр̌

марр̌ (marř)


таӈваӈ

таӈваӈ (taŋvaŋ)

Allium ursinum
Allium ursinum#Translingual

(East Sakhalin) ramson, bear garlic (Allium ursinum)


кʼуквур̌

кʼуквур̌ (kʼukvuř)


кʼувань

кʼувань (kʼuvaņ)

af

кʼу (kʼu) + вань (vaņ)


кыкык

head

кыкык (kəkək)

kəkək (romanization)
кыхкых (alternative)
кых-кых (alternative)


кʼр̌уӈи

кʼр̌уӈи (kʼřuŋi)

(zoology, East Sakhalin) sandpiper; snipe


ӄʼавӈи

ӄʼавӈи (qʼavŋi)


тупр̌

тупр̌ (tupř)


тутут

(zoology, East Sakhalin) turtle dove; collared dove


тятьр̌

тятьр̌ (țațř)


тʼар̌ӄраӽ

тʼар̌ӄраӽ (tʼařqraẋ)


тʼлеўла ӈа

тʼлеўла ӈа (tʼlewla ŋa)


тʼр̌ат

тʼр̌ат (tʼřat)


ӿарӈи

ӿарӈи (harŋi)


ӽойр̌

ӽойр̌ (ẋojř)


ӿискр̌

ӿискр̌ (hiskř)


уӈа

(zoology, East Sakhalin) glowworm; firefly; lightning bug


кʼызд

кʼызд (kʼəzd)


ань ырӈ

ань ырӈ (aņ ərŋ)


чарӈи

чарӈи (ț’arŋi)


чалу

чалу (ț’alu)


уньғыр̌

уньғыр̌ (uņγəř)


ӄʼави

ӄʼави (qʼavi)


аӻаӄм

аӻаӄм (aġaqm)


ыр̌кыр̌

ыр̌кыр̌ (əřkəř)

[ˈɤr̥˔kɤr̥˔]


чатьф

чатьф (ț’ațf)


ар̌ пʼеӄ

ар̌ пʼеӄ (ař pʼeq)

af

ар̌ (ař) + пʼеӄ (pʼeq)


иғӈа

(Amur, East Sakhalin, zoology) merganser; goosander


кикун

(Amur, East Sakhalin, zoology) horned owl; eagle-owl


чхуйғур̌

head

чхуйғур̌ (ț’xujγuř)

ț’xujγuř (romanization)
чхуйғыр̌ (alternative)
ихыйғур̌ (alternative)

(East Sakhalin, zoology) horned owl; eagle-owl


ӄойла

(East Sakhalin, zoology) large gull; seagull


нёни

нёни ӈойеӄ


алхтур̌

алхтур̌ (alxtuř)

alxtuř (romanization)
алхтунд (alternative)


амӈирӈ

амӈирӈ (amŋirŋ)

(East Sakhalin) round wooden bowl with a saucer, used during bear festivals


айфтиӈ

айфтиӈ (ajfțiŋ)


кеоз

(East Sakhalin) string (of an implement)


кехӈ

(East Sakhalin) spirit (assisting a shaman)


кинр̌

кинр̌ (kinř)

(East Sakhalin) evil spirit; devil; demon


аньӽ

(East Sakhalin, zoology) female, bitch, doe, hen, she, jenny (an individual belonging to the sex that can give birth)


вайд

(East Sakhalin) to howl loudly (of dogs)


лавӄор̌

лавӄор̌ (lavqoř)


ӄанд

(East Sakhalin, zoology) adult spotted seal


ӄалм

Compare Mongolian халим (xalim), ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠤ (qalimu, “whale”).


кʼвыр̌

кʼвыр̌ (kʼvəř)

(East Sakhalin) gut, intestine, bowel (of an animal)


вукр̌

вукр̌ (vukř)


иғрӈамх

иғрӈамх (iγrŋamx)


илғд

(East Sakhalin) to slice the flesh from a hide


ирмыд

ирмыд (irməd)

(East Sakhalin) to cross a river or mountain ridge


элӈф

(East Sakhalin) place where offerings were made to the sea after catching a seal


чхыф лислизнд

чхыф лислизнд (ț’xəf lisliznd)


чхыф

чхыф (ț’xəf)


чухчуғд

чухчуғд (ț’uxț’uγd)

(East Sakhalin) to perform a ritual with an offering or sacrifice


чамӈ

чамӈ (ț’amŋ)


пʼр̌оӄ

пʼр̌оӄ (pʼřoq)


ӿаӈр̌

ӿаӈр̌ (haŋř)

(East Sakhalin) a birchbark box with carved decorations used during sacrifice rituals


утӻаврр̌

утӻаврр̌ (utġavrř)


ӄʼастяр̌

ӄʼастяр̌ (qʼasțař)

(East Sakhalin) mallet or stick for tambourine


ӄʼоӻл

ӄʼоӻл (qʼoġl)

(East Sakhalin) reason; intellect; sense


лезӈ

(East Sakhalin) small shed on piles for storing bear bones and ritual objects for the bear festival


лураюниғвӈ

лураюниғвӈ (lurajuņiγvŋ)

From лу (lu) + раюд (rajud) + ниғвӈ (ņiγvŋ).

(East Sakhalin) song collector; musicologist


тур̌

эӻаӈ дур̌


чӽодид

чӽодид (ț’ẋod̦id)


чирлоӈ

чирлоӈ (ț’irloŋ)

af

чирд (ț’ird) + лоӈ (loŋ)


-тоӽ

-toẋ (romanization)
-доӽ (alternative)
-роӽ (alternative)

(Amur, East Sakhalin) Dative case suffix


маревд

мард мард#Nivkh


лиғр̌

head

лиғр̌ (liγř)


мғонемӄаӈ

мғонемӄаӈ (mγonemqaŋ)