slipraz

slipraz (masculine nominative singular strong)
sliprō (feminine nominative singular strong)
sliprą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
sliprai (masculine nominative plural strong)
sliprôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
sliprō (neuter nominative plural strong)
slipranǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
sliprǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
sliprą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
slipranz (accusative masculine plural strong)
sliprōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
sliprō (accusative neuter plural strong)
slipras (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
slipraizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
slipras (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
slipraizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
slipraizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
slipraizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
sliprammai (dative masculine singular strong)
slipraizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
sliprammai (dative neuter singular strong)
slipraimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
slipraimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
slipraimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
slipranō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
slipraizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
slipranō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
slipraimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
slipraimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
slipraimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
sliprô (masculine nominative singular weak)
sliprǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
sliprô (neuter nominative singular weak)
slipraniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
sliprōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
sliprōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
slipranų (accusative masculine singular weak)
sliprōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
sliprô (accusative neuter singular weak)
slipranunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
sliprōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
sliprōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
slipriniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
sliprōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
slipriniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
slipranǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
sliprōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
slipranǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
sliprini (dative masculine singular weak)
sliprōni (dative feminine singular weak)
sliprini (dative neuter singular weak)
sliprammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
sliprōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
sliprammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
sliprinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
sliprōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
sliprinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
sliprammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
sliprōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
sliprammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *slipr
Old English: slipor, sliper, slypor
Middle English: sliper, sluper, slipper
English: slipper
Scots: slipper, slippir, slippar, sloppare
⇒ Middle English: slipperie
English: slippery
Scots: slipperie
Old Frisian: *sliper
⇒ Old Frisian: *sliperich
Saterland Frisian: slipperch
Old Saxon: *slipar
Middle Low German: slipper
⇒ Middle Low German: slipperich, slibberich
→ Danish: slibrig
Old Dutch: *slipar
⇒ Middle Dutch: *slipperich, slibberich, slibbrich
Old High German: sleffar
⇒ Old High German: sleffarag
Middle High German: slipferic, slipferec
German: schlüpfrig

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyb- (“slimy”), whence also *slīpaną (“to make smooth”). Probably cognate with Old Armenian լիրբ (lirb, “impudent”).


lapaną

lapō (active first-person indicative singular)
lapaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
lapai (first-person indicative passive singular)
lapizi (active indicative second-person singular)
lapaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
lap (active imperative second-person singular)
lapazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
lapaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
lapidi (active indicative singular third-person)
lapai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
lapadau (active imperative singular third-person)
lapadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
lapaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
lapōz (active dual first-person indicative)
lapaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
lapadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
lapaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
lapadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
lapamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
lapaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
lapandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
lapaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
lapid (active indicative plural second-person)
lapaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
lapid (active imperative plural second-person)
lapandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
lapaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
lapandi (active indicative plural third-person)
lapain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
lapandau (active imperative plural third-person)
lapandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
lapaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
lōp (active first-person indicative singular)
lōpį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
lōft (active indicative second-person singular)
lōpīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
lōp (active indicative singular third-person)
lōpī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
lōpū (active dual first-person indicative)
lōpīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
lōpudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
lōpīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
lōpum (active first-person indicative plural)
lōpīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
lōpud (active indicative plural second-person)
lōpīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
lōpun (active indicative plural third-person)
lōpīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
lapandz (active participle present)
lapanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *lapan
Old High German: laffan
Middle High German: laffen
Alemannic German: laffen

According to Kroonen, a back-formed verb from the iterative *lappōną (“to lick up”).


fangijaną

fangijō (active first-person indicative singular)
fangijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fangijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
fangīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
fangijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fangī (active imperative second-person singular)
fangijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
fangijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
fangīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
fangijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fangijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
fangijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
fangijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
fangijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
fangijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fangijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fangijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fangijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
fangijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
fangijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fangijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
fangijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
fangīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
fangijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fangīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
fangijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
fangijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
fangijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
fangijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fangijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
fangijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
fangijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
fangidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
fangidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fangidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
fangidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fangidē (active indicative singular third-person)
fangidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fangidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
fangidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fangidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fangidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fangidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
fangidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fangidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
fangidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fangidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
fangidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fangijandz (active participle present)
fangidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *fangijan, *fankijan
Old Dutch: *fengen
Old High German: *fengen
Middle High German: vengen, venken

Causative from an unattested verb *finhaną, equivalent to *finhaną + *-janą.

(West Germanic) to cause to sparkle, ignite


trēgiz

trēgiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
trēgī (feminine nominative singular strong)
trēgį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
trēgijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
trēgijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
trēgijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
trēgijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
trēgijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
trēgį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
trēgijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
trēgijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
trēgijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
trēgijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
trēgīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
trēgijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
trēgijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
trēgīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
trēgijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
trēgijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
trēgijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
trēgijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
trēgijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
trēgijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
trēgijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
trēgijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
trēgijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
trēgijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
trēgijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
trēgijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
trēgijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
trēgijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
trēgijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
trēgijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
trēgijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
trēgijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
trēgijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
trēgijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
trēgijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
trēgijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
trēgijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
trēgijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
trēgijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
trēgijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
trēgijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
trēgīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
trēgijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
trēgīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
trēgijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
trēgijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
trēgijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
trēgīni (dative masculine singular weak)
trēgijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
trēgīni (dative neuter singular weak)
trēgijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
trēgijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
trēgijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
trēgīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
trēgijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
trēgīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
trēgijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
trēgijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
trēgijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *trāgī
Old English: trāg
Old Saxon: trāg, trāgi
Old Dutch: *trāgi
Middle Dutch: trâge
Dutch: traag
Limburgish: traog
Old High German: trāgi
Middle High German: træge
German: träg, träge

Vṛddhi gerundive of *treganą (“to suffer”).


hinkaną

hinkō (active first-person indicative singular)
hinkaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hinkai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hinkizi (active indicative second-person singular)
hinkaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hink (active imperative second-person singular)
hinkazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hinkaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hinkidi (active indicative singular third-person)
hinkai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hinkadau (active imperative singular third-person)
hinkadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hinkaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hinkōz (active dual first-person indicative)
hinkaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hinkadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hinkaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hinkadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hinkamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hinkaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hinkandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hinkaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hinkid (active indicative plural second-person)
hinkaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hinkid (active imperative plural second-person)
hinkandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hinkaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hinkandi (active indicative plural third-person)
hinkain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hinkandau (active imperative plural third-person)
hinkandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hinkaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hank (active first-person indicative singular)
hunkį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hanht (active indicative second-person singular)
hunkīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hank (active indicative singular third-person)
hunkī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hunkū (active dual first-person indicative)
hunkīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hunkudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hunkīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hunkum (active first-person indicative plural)
hunkīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hunkud (active indicative plural second-person)
hunkīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hunkun (active indicative plural third-person)
hunkīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hinkandz (active participle present)
hunkanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hinkan
Old English: hincian
Old Dutch: *hinkan
Middle Dutch: hinken
Dutch: hinken
Afrikaans: hink
Old High German: hinkan
Middle High German: hinken
German: hinken
Yiddish: הינקען (hinken)

From Proto-Indo-European *keng-. Cognate with Old Irish cingid (“to tread, step”) (< Proto-Celtic *kengeti).


laubō

laubō (nominative singular)
laubôz (nominative plural)
laubō (singular vocative)
laubôz (plural vocative)
laubǭ (accusative singular)
laubōz (accusative plural)
laubōz (genitive singular)
laubǫ̂ (genitive plural)
laubōi (dative singular)
laubōmaz (dative plural)
laubō (instrumental singular)
laubōmiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *laubu
Old English: lēaf
Middle English: lefe, leve
Scots: leve, leiv
English: leave
Old Frisian: *lāve
Saterland Frisian: Loofe, Loouwe, Looche
West Frisian: leafe
Old Saxon: *lōva
Middle Low German: *lôve
German Low German: Loov
Old Dutch: *lōva
Middle Dutch: *lôve
Dutch: love
Old High German: *louba
Middle High German:
German: Laube

From Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to desire, covet; praise, admire; love”). Related to *lubą (“praise”).


skinkô

skinkô (nominative singular)
skinkaniz (nominative plural)
skinkô (singular vocative)
skinkaniz (plural vocative)
skinkanų (accusative singular)
skinkanunz (accusative plural)
skinkiniz (genitive singular)
skinkanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
skinkini (dative singular)
skinkammaz (dative plural)
skinkinē (instrumental singular)
skinkammiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *skinkō
Old English: *sċenc
Middle English: schench, shench
Old Frisian: *skinka (perhaps via Low German)
Saterland Frisian: Skinke
West Frisian: skinke
Old Saxon: skinka f
Middle Low German: schinke, schink
German Low German: Schinke, Schink
Plautdietsch: Schinkjen
→ Danish: skinke
→ English: skink
→ Icelandic: skinka
→ Norwegian Bokmål: skinke
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: skinke
→ Swedish: skinka
Old Dutch: *skinko
Middle Dutch: schinke
Dutch: schink
Limburgish: sjink
Old High German: scinco
Middle High German: schinke
German: Schinken (see there for further descendants)
Luxembourgish: Schank
Pennsylvania German: Schinke
→ Italian: stinco

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng- (“to limp; be inclined; aslant”).


trappōną

trappō (active first-person indicative singular)
trappǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
trappōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
trappōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
trappōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
trappō (active imperative second-person singular)
trappōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
trappōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
trappōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
trappō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
trappōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
trappōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
trappōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
trappōs (active dual first-person indicative)
trappōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
trappōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
trappōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
trappōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
trappōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
trappōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
trappōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
trappōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
trappōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
trappōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
trappōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
trappōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
trappōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
trappōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
trappōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
trappōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
trappōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
trappōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
trappōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
trappōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
trappōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
trappōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
trappōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
trappōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
trappōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
trappōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
trappōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
trappōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
trappōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
trappōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
trappōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
trappōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
trappōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
trappōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
trappōndz (active participle present)
trappōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *trappōn
Old Saxon: *trappōn
Middle Low German: trappen
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: trappa, trappe
Old Dutch: *trappon, *trapon
Middle Dutch: trappen, *trapen
Dutch: trappen
⇒ Middle Dutch: betrapen
Dutch: betrapen (dialectal, Flemish)

From pre-Germanic *drob-néh₂-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *dreb⁽ʰ⁾- (“to tread, to step”). Compare Lithuanian drebė́ti (“to tremble”) and Polish drabina (“ladder”).

der

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Germanic parent language


swandijaną

swandijō (active first-person indicative singular)
swandijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swandijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
swandīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
swandijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swandī (active imperative second-person singular)
swandijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swandijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swandīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swandijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swandijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swandijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swandijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swandijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swandijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swandijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swandijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swandijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swandijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swandijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swandijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swandijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swandīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swandijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swandīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swandijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swandijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swandijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swandijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swandijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swandijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swandijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swandidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swandidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swandidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swandidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swandidē (active indicative singular third-person)
swandidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swandidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swandidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swandidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swandidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swandidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swandidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swandidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swandidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swandidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swandidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swandijandz (active participle present)
swandidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *swandijan
Old Saxon: *swendian
Middle Low German: swenden
Old Dutch: *swenden
Middle Dutch: swenden
Old High German: swenten
Middle High German: swenden
German: schwenden

From *swindaną (“to disappear”) + *-janą.


apluz

apluz (nominative singular)
apliwiz (nominative plural)
aplu (singular vocative)
apliwiz (plural vocative)
aplų (accusative singular)
aplunz (accusative plural)
aplauz (genitive singular)
apliwǫ̂ (genitive plural)
apliwi (dative singular)
aplumaz (dative plural)
aplū (instrumental singular)
aplumiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *applu, *apl
Old English: æppel, apl, appel, æppyl
Middle English: appel, apple, appyl, appyll, appil, appill, appell, eppel, appul, appull, appulle, eappel, æppel, æpple, eappel (Early Middle English)
English: apple (see there for further descendants)
Scots: aipple
Old Frisian: appel
North Frisian:
Föhr, Hallig: aapel
Helgoland: Oapel
Mooring: ååpel
Saterland Frisian: Appel, Apel
West Frisian: apel
Old Saxon: appel, appul, apl
Middle Low German: appel
German Low German: Appel
→ German: Appel (colloquial, regional)
Plautdietsch: Aupel
Old Dutch: *appel, ephela (pl.), apheles (gen.sg.)
Middle Dutch: appel, āpel
Dutch: appel (see there for further descendants)
Limburgish: appel
Old High German: apful, aphul, apfol, afful, *appul — central
Middle High German: apfel, epfel, öpfel, appel
Alemannic German: Öpfel, Apfel
Alsatian: Àpfel, Epfel
Italian Walser: effél, epfel, epfil, öpfil
Swabian: Ebfl
Bavarian: Åpfe
Cimbrian: oupfal, öpfel, öpfl
Mòcheno: epfl
Udinese: eipfele, epfl
Central Franconian: Appel
Hunsrik: Eppel
Luxembourgish: Apel
East Central German:
Upper Saxon German: Abbel, Appel
Vilamovian: epuł
German: Apfel
Rhine Franconian:
Hessian: Àbbel, Ebbel, Abbel
Pennsylvania German: Abbel, Appel
Yiddish: עפּל (epl)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl (“apple, apple tree”).

der

(West Germanic) alternative form of *aplaz


staigijaną

staigijō (active first-person indicative singular)
staigijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
staigijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
staigīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
staigijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
staigī (active imperative second-person singular)
staigijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
staigijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
staigīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
staigijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
staigijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
staigijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
staigijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
staigijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
staigijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
staigijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
staigijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
staigijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
staigijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
staigijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
staigijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
staigijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
staigīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
staigijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
staigīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
staigijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
staigijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
staigijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
staigijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
staigijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
staigijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
staigijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
staigidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
staigidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
staigidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
staigidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
staigidē (active indicative singular third-person)
staigidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
staigidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
staigidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
staigidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
staigidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
staigidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
staigidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
staigidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
staigidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
staigidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
staigidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
staigijandz (active participle present)
staigidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *staigijan
Old English: *stǣgan
⇒ Old English: āstǣgan
Old Dutch: *steigen
Middle Dutch: steigen
Dutch: steigen (Southern dialects)
Old High German: *steigen
Middle High German: steigen


jeuką

jeuką (nominative singular)
jeukō (nominative plural)
jeuką (singular vocative)
jeukō (plural vocative)
jeuką (accusative singular)
jeukō (accusative plural)
jeukas (genitive singular)
jiukis (genitive singular)
jeukǫ̂ (genitive plural)
jeukai (dative singular)
jeukamaz (dative plural)
jeukō (instrumental singular)
jeukamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *jeuk

Old High German: *jiuh

Middle High German: jiuch (“acreage”)

From Proto-Indo-European *yéwgom. Cognate with Ancient Greek Ancient Greek ζεῦγος (zeûgos, “yoke (of beasts), pair, team”).

cog

(West Germanic) team of draft animals, pair of oxen


andagaldijaną

andagaldijō (active first-person indicative singular)
andagaldijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
andagaldijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
andagaldīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
andagaldijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
andagaldī (active imperative second-person singular)
andagaldijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
andagaldijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
andagaldīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
andagaldijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
andagaldijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
andagaldijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
andagaldijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
andagaldijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
andagaldijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
andagaldijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
andagaldijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
andagaldijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
andagaldijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
andagaldijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
andagaldijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
andagaldijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
andagaldīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
andagaldijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
andagaldīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
andagaldijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
andagaldijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
andagaldijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
andagaldijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
andagaldijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
andagaldijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
andagaldijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
andagaldidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
andagaldidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
andagaldidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
andagaldidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
andagaldidē (active indicative singular third-person)
andagaldidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
andagaldidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
andagaldidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
andagaldidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
andagaldidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
andagaldidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
andagaldidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
andagaldidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
andagaldidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
andagaldidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
andagaldidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
andagaldijandz (active participle present)
andagaldidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *andagaldijan
Old Saxon: andgeldian
Old High German: intgelten

From *andageldaną (“to pay for, repay”) + *-janą.


krakjaną

krakjō (active first-person indicative singular)
krakjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
krakjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
krakisi (active indicative second-person singular)
krakjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kraki (active imperative second-person singular)
krakjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
krakjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
krakiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
krakjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
krakjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
krakjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
krakjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
krakjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
krakjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
krakjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
krakjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
krakjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
krakjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
krakjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
krakjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
krakjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
krakiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
krakjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
krakiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
krakjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
krakjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
krakjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
krakjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
krakjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
krakjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
krakjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
krakidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
krakidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
krakidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
krakidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
krakidē (active indicative singular third-person)
krakidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
krakidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
krakidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
krakidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
krakidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
krakidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
krakidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
krakidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
krakidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
krakidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
krakidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
krakjandz (active participle present)
krakidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *krakkjan

Old English: *cræċċan, *ċiercan, ċircan

desc

Middle English: cracchen, crykken, cherken, chirken

English: chirk

Scots: chirk, jirg

Old Dutch: *krekken, *kreken

Middle Dutch: kricken, creken

Dutch: krieken; krikken (dialectal)

⇒ Middle Dutch: crekelen

Dutch: krekelen (dialectal)

→? Middle English: creken, criken

English: creak

→ Old French: *criker

Middle French: crikier

French: criquer

Old High German: krehhen, krechen, krekken, krecken

Middle High German: krechen

From Proto-Indo-European *gerg-, *grā- (“to crow, shout”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- (“to make a sound, cry hoarsely”), ultimately of onomatopoeic origin. Cognate with Lithuanian girgždėti (“to creak, squeak”).

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

cog

(West Germanic) to crack; crackle; shriek


bruskaz

bruskaz (nominative singular)
bruskōz (nominative plural)
bruskōs (nominative plural)
brusk (singular vocative)
bruskōz (plural vocative)
bruskōs (plural vocative)
bruską (accusative singular)
bruskanz (accusative plural)
bruskas (genitive singular)
bruskis (genitive singular)
bruskǫ̂ (genitive plural)
bruskai (dative singular)
bruskamaz (dative plural)
bruskō (instrumental singular)
bruskamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *brusk

Old Saxon: *brusk

desc

Middle Low German: brusch (“bucher's broom”)

Old Dutch: *brusk

Middle Dutch: brusc m (“shrubs, twigs, bundle of sticks”)

Old High German: brusk n (“shoot, bud”)

Middle High German: brüsch m (“thorny bush”)

German: Brüsch

→ Vulgar Latin: *bruscus (“butcher's broom”)

Italian: brusco (“prickly broom”)

→ Occitan: brusc

→ French: brusc

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *bruscia (“tree shoot”)

Old French: broce (“scrub, brushwood, undergrowth”)

Middle French: broisse

French: brosse

→ Middle English: brusche, brusshe

English: brush

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to roar, roil, rustle, sprout”).


gurrōną

gurrō (active first-person indicative singular)
gurrǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gurrōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
gurrōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
gurrōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gurrō (active imperative second-person singular)
gurrōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gurrōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gurrōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gurrō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gurrōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gurrōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gurrōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gurrōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gurrōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gurrōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gurrōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gurrōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gurrōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gurrōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gurrōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gurrōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gurrōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gurrōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gurrōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gurrōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gurrōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gurrōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gurrōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gurrōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gurrōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gurrōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gurrōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
gurrōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gurrōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
gurrōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gurrōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
gurrōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gurrōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
gurrōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gurrōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gurrōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gurrōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
gurrōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gurrōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
gurrōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gurrōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
gurrōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gurrōndz (active participle present)
gurrōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *gurrōn

Old Saxon: *gurrōn

Middle Low German: *gurren

German Low German: gurren

Old Dutch: *gurron

Middle Dutch: gorren

Dutch: gorren (obsolete)

Afrikaans: gor

Old High German: *gurrōn

Middle High German: gurren

German: gurren

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to make a noise, rattle, gurgle, grumble”).


fuhsinī

fuhsinī (nominative singular)
fuhsinjôz (nominative plural)
fuhsinī (singular vocative)
fuhsinjôz (plural vocative)
fuhsinjǭ (accusative singular)
fuhsinjōz (accusative plural)
fuhsinjōz (genitive singular)
fuhsinjǫ̂ (genitive plural)
fuhsinjōi (dative singular)
fuhsinjōmaz (dative plural)
fuhsinjō (instrumental singular)
fuhsinjōmiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *fuhsini
Old English: fyxe
Middle English: fixen, ffixen
English: vixen
Old Dutch: *fussinna
Middle Dutch: vossinne
Dutch: vossin
Old High German: *fuhsinna
Middle High German: vühsinne
German: Füchsin


idisiz

idisiz (nominative singular)
idisīz (nominative plural)
idisi (singular vocative)
idisīz (plural vocative)
idisį (accusative singular)
idisinz (accusative plural)
idisīz (genitive singular)
idisijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
idisī (dative singular)
idisimaz (dative plural)
idisī (instrumental singular)
idisimiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *idisi

Old English: ides

Old Saxon: idis

Old High German: itis, idis

Unknown. Appears to be from a Proto-Indo-European s-stem, perhaps *h₂idʰ-és- (“fire, flame, burning”), from *h₂eydʰ- (compare Proto-Germanic *aidaz, *ailą (“fire”) and *aisǭ (“fireplace”), and for the s-stem perhaps Albanian jezull (“cloud of ashes”)); subsequently converted into an archaic i-stem, if this reconstruction is correct. The semantic development, albeit difficult, would have to be “fiery one” → “goddess” or similar.
Alternatively, related to *dīsiz.


krēaną

krēō (active first-person indicative singular)
krēaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
krēai (first-person indicative passive singular)
krēizi (active indicative second-person singular)
krēaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
krē (active imperative second-person singular)
krēazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
krēaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
krēidi (active indicative singular third-person)
krēai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
krēadau (active imperative singular third-person)
krēadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
krēaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
krēōz (active dual first-person indicative)
krēaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
krēadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
krēaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
krēadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
krēamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
krēaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
krēandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
krēaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
krēid (active indicative plural second-person)
krēaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
krēid (active imperative plural second-person)
krēandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
krēaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
krēandi (active indicative plural third-person)
krēain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
krēandau (active imperative plural third-person)
krēandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
krēaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
kekrē (active first-person indicative singular)
kekrēį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kekrēt (active indicative second-person singular)
kekrēīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kekrē (active indicative singular third-person)
kekrēī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kekrēū (active dual first-person indicative)
kekrēīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kekrēudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kekrēīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kekrēum (active first-person indicative plural)
kekrēīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kekrēud (active indicative plural second-person)
kekrēīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kekrēun (active indicative plural third-person)
kekrēīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
krēandz (active participle present)
krēanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *krāan, *krājan
Old English: crāwan
Middle English: crawen, crowen
Scots: craw
English: crow
Old Saxon: krāian
Middle Low German: kreien
Old Dutch: crāien
Middle Dutch: crâyen
Dutch: kraaien
Old High German: krāen
Middle High German: kraen
German: krähen
Luxembourgish: kréien

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely”).

der

Akademie-Verlag
Berlin
Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)


wasô

wasô (nominative singular)
wasaniz (nominative plural)
wasô (singular vocative)
wasaniz (plural vocative)
wasanų (accusative singular)
wasanunz (accusative plural)
wasiniz (genitive singular)
wasanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
wasini (dative singular)
wasammaz (dative plural)
wasinē (instrumental singular)
wasammiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *wasō
Old English: *wasa; *wase f
Middle English: wase
Old Frisian: wase f
West Frisian: waas
Old Saxon: waso
Middle Low German: wase, wāse f
German Low German: Waas
Old Dutch: waso
Middle Dutch: wase
Dutch: waas
→ Old French: wason, gason
Middle French: gazon
French: gazon
Old High German: waso
Middle High German: wase
German: Wasen

Presumably related to German Wrasen (“water vapor (in kitchen, etc.)”), itself of unclear origin, though possibly related to *waisǭ (“mire, muck”). The semantic shift to "meadow" is perhaps via sense development "vapor" > "wettened land" > "meadow, field".


stukkōną

stukkō (active first-person indicative singular)
stukkǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stukkōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
stukkōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
stukkōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stukkō (active imperative second-person singular)
stukkōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
stukkōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stukkōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
stukkō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stukkōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
stukkōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
stukkōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
stukkōs (active dual first-person indicative)
stukkōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stukkōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stukkōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stukkōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
stukkōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
stukkōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stukkōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
stukkōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stukkōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
stukkōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stukkōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
stukkōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
stukkōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
stukkōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
stukkōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stukkōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
stukkōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
stukkōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stukkōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
stukkōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stukkōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
stukkōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stukkōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
stukkōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stukkōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
stukkōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stukkōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stukkōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stukkōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
stukkōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stukkōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
stukkōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stukkōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
stukkōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stukkōndz (active participle present)
stukkōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Dutch: stokken

German: stocken

An apparent iterative to *stikaną (“to stick”), with analogical *-u- from the zero-grade in other words. The semantic shift from "stick" to "stop" may be via "to stick" > "to stick many things into one place and get said place stuck" > "to be stuck, stopped" > "to stop". Piecewise doublet of *stikkōną.


blōdiz

blōdiz (nominative singular)
blōdīz (nominative plural)
blōdi (singular vocative)
blōdīz (plural vocative)
blōdį (accusative singular)
blōdinz (accusative plural)
blōdīz (genitive singular)
blōdijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
blōdī (dative singular)
blōdimaz (dative plural)
blōdī (instrumental singular)
blōdimiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *blōdi

desc

Old English: blēd (“shoot, branch, flower, fruit”)

Old Dutch: bluot
Middle Dutch: bloet

Old High German: bluot (“blossom, blossoming”)

Middle High German: bluot, blüete

German: Blüte

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-tí-s, from *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”); see also *blōaną (“idem”).


gafrēgiz

gafrēgaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
gafrēgō (feminine nominative singular strong)
gafrēgą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
gafrēgai (masculine nominative plural strong)
gafrēgôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
gafrēgō (neuter nominative plural strong)
gafrēganǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
gafrēgǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
gafrēgą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
gafrēganz (accusative masculine plural strong)
gafrēgōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
gafrēgō (accusative neuter plural strong)
gafrēgas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
gafrēgaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
gafrēgas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
gafrēgaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
gafrēgaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
gafrēgaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
gafrēgammai (dative masculine singular strong)
gafrēgaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
gafrēgammai (dative neuter singular strong)
gafrēgaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
gafrēgaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
gafrēgaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
gafrēganō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
gafrēgaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
gafrēganō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
gafrēgaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
gafrēgaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
gafrēgaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
gafrēgô (masculine nominative singular weak)
gafrēgǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
gafrēgô (neuter nominative singular weak)
gafrēganiz (masculine nominative plural weak)
gafrēgōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
gafrēgōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
gafrēganų (accusative masculine singular weak)
gafrēgōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
gafrēgô (accusative neuter singular weak)
gafrēganunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
gafrēgōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
gafrēgōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
gafrēginiz (genitive masculine singular weak)
gafrēgōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
gafrēginiz (genitive neuter singular weak)
gafrēganǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
gafrēgōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
gafrēganǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
gafrēgini (dative masculine singular weak)
gafrēgōni (dative feminine singular weak)
gafrēgini (dative neuter singular weak)
gafrēgammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
gafrēgōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
gafrēgammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
gafrēginē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
gafrēgōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
gafrēginē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
gafrēgammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
gafrēgōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
gafrēgammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *gafrāgi

Old English: ġefrǣġe

Old Saxon: gifrāgi

/ˌɣɑ.ˈɸrɛː.ɣiz/