trade

From Old Galician-Portuguese traado, independently attested (14th century); from Late Latin taratrum (“auger”), used by Isidore of Seville. Probably from Paleo-Hispanic or from Proto-Celtic *taratrom, from Proto-Indo-European *térh₁-tro-.
Cognate with Portuguese trado, Spanish taladro, Old Irish tarathar, Old Welsh tarater, Breton tarar.


abacus

la-noun

abacus m (genitive abacī); second declension

abacī (genitive)
abacus (nominative singular)
abacī (nominative plural)
abacī (genitive singular)
abacōrum (genitive plural)
abacō (dative singular)
abacīs (dative plural)
abacum (accusative singular)
abacōs (accusative plural)
abacō (ablative singular)
abacīs (ablative plural)
abace (singular vocative)
abacī (plural vocative)
abax (alternative)

Italian: abbaco (regional)

→ Catalan: àbac

→ English: abacus

→ Esperanto: abako

→ French: abaque

→ Romanian: abac

→ Galician: ábaco

→ German: Abakus

→ Irish: abacas

→ Italian: abaco

→ Malay: abakus

→ Norwegian Bokmål: abakus

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: abakus

→ Portuguese: ábaco

→ Russian: аба́к (abák)

→ Spanish: ábaco

From Ancient Greek ἄβαξ (ábax, “board”).

Ab hoc abaci vasa omnia, ut exposita fuerunt, abstulit.

From this place he removed all the sideboard's dishes, since they had been exposed.


about-sledge

about-sledges (plural)
about sledge (alternative)
aboutsledge (alternative)


planet

pl-noun

planet m inan (related adjective planetowy)

planetowy (adjective)
planet (nominative singular)
planety (nominative plural)
planetu (genitive singular)
planetów (genitive plural)
planetowi (dative singular)
planetom (dative plural)
planet (accusative singular)
planety (accusative plural)
planetem (instrumental singular)
planetami (instrumental plural)
planecie (locative singular)
planetach (locative plural)
planecie (singular vocative)
planety (plural vocative)

(horticulture) manual tool for weeding and loosening the soil, in the form of a toothed frame on wheels


umbrella

umbrellas (plural)
brelly (alternative UK diminutive)
brellie (alternative UK diminutive)
brolly (alternative UK diminutive)
humbrella (alternative archaic)
ombrella (alternative obsolete)
umbrello (alternative obsolete)
umbreller (alternative)

→ Igbo: mbalarị

→ Welsh: ymbarél

→ Yoruba: ọ̀bùrẹ́là

→ Tok Pisin: ambrela

Borrowed from Italian ombrella, umbrella (“parasol, sunshade”), diminutive of ombra (“shade”) (or from a Late Latin or Medieval Latin umbrella), from Latin umbra (“shadow”).

chatra

royal & religious symbol in South & East Asia

Using umbrellas for shooting a wedding party is ok, but not necessary.

2014, Michael Allen, Modern Wedding Photography, page 97:

(photography, television) An umbrella-shaped reflector with a white or silvery inner surface, used to diffuse a nearby light.


last

en-verb

last (third-person singular simple present lasts, present participle lasting, simple past and past participle lasted)

lasts (present singular third-person)
lasting (participle present)
lasted (participle past)
lasted (past)

From Middle English lasten, from Old English lǣstan, from Proto-West Germanic *laistijan, from Proto-Germanic *laistijaną. Cognate with German leisten (“yield”).

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-last.wav

I don't know how much longer we can last without reinforcements.

(intransitive) To hold out, continue undefeated or entire.

(transitive, obsolete) To perform, carry out.


last

From Old English lǣste, Proto-Germanic *laistiz. Compare Swedish läst, German Leisten Dutch leest, Proto-Germanic *laistaz (“footprint”).

2006, Newman, Cathy, Every Shoe Tells a Story, National Geographic (September, 2006), 83,
How is an in-your-face black leather thigh-high lace-up boot with a four-inch spike heel like a man's black calf lace-up oxford? They are both made on a last, the wood or plastic foot-shaped form that leather is stretched over and shaped to make a shoe.

A tool for shaping or preserving the shape of shoes.


red

Inherited from Old Spanish red, from Latin rēte (“net”). Cognate with English rete.


cane

en-noun

cane (countable and uncountable, plural canes)

From Middle English cane, canne, from Old French cane (“sugar cane”), from Latin canna (“reed”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na). Doublet of canna and kaneh. Related to channel and canal.

The teacher gave his student the cane for throwing paper.

The stem of such a plant adapted for use as a tool

(with "the") Corporal punishment by beating with a cane.

бой с пръчка

the cane: corporal punishment consisting of a beating with a cane

After breaking his leg, he needed a cane to walk.

The cane was undoubtedly of foreign make, for it had a solid silver ferrule at one end, which was not English hall–marked.

1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Ayrsham Mystery”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:

Men that I knew around Wapatomac didn't wear high, shiny plug hats, nor yeller spring overcoats, nor carry canes with ivory heads as big as a catboat's anchor, as you might say.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter X, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

A rod-shaped tool or device, resembling the stem of the plant.

(countable) A strong short staff used for support or decoration during walking; a walking stick

(countable, glassblowing) A length of colored and/or patterned glass rod, used in the specific glassblowing technique called caneworking

(countable) A long rod often collapsible and commonly white (for visibility to other persons), used by vision impaired persons for guidance in determining their course and for probing for obstacles in their path

бастун

long collapsible rod used by vision impaired people


cane

en-verb

cane (third-person singular simple present canes, present participle caning, simple past and past participle caned)

canes (present singular third-person)
caning (participle present)
caned (participle past)
caned (past)

To strike or beat with a cane or similar implement.


square

squares (plural)
sqware (alternative)
squyre (alternative)
squyer (alternative)
sqyre (alternative)
squar (alternative)
sware (alternative)

English: square

Scots: square

From Old French esquarre, esquerre (modern French équerre), from Vulgar Latin *exquadra, from Latin ex- + quadro, from quadrus.

A square (tool used to ensure a right angle)


jack

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jegue

→ European Portuguese: jaque

Transferred use of the personal name Jack.
(cricket: eleventh batsman): An allusion to the jack in playing cards, which follows the 10.

náłbiil bijaadbee dahnádidlohí

device for raising and supporting a heavy object

When Wardell arrived on the scene, they were surprised to find that he was unshaven, and did not look too happy. One of them remarked: "The 'Jacks' (detectives) are after you."

1935, Bernard O'Donnell, The trials of Mr. Justice Avory, page 219:

'I'd like you to meet DCI Henry Christie,' FB was saying. The older of the two jacks reached forward and gave Henry's right paw a quick tug.

(slang) A policeman or detective; (Australia) a military policeman.

en:policeman; detective; military policeman

jekker

military: coarse medieval coat of defense

(glassblowing) a tool used in manual production of glass objects (like bottles or wine glasses).

A device used to hold a boot by the heel, to assist in removing the boot.

She used a jack to lift her car and changed the tire.

A mechanical device used to raise and (temporarily) support a heavy object, now especially to lift one side of a motor vehicle when (e.g.) changing a tyre.

(obsolete) A grating device used to separate and guide the threads in a warping machine; a heck-box.


compass

From Middle English compas (“a circle, circuit, limit, form, a mathematical instrument”), from Old French compas, from Medieval Latin compassus (“a circle, a circuit”), from Latin com- (“together”) + passus (“a pace, step, later a pass, way, route”); see pass, pace.

der

[H]ow many Seas to our fore-fathers impaſſable, for want of the Compaſſe?

1625, [Samuel] Purchas, “Of the Improvement of Nauigation in Later Times, […]”, in Purchas His Pilgrimes. […], 1st part, London: […] William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone, […], →OCLC, 2nd book, § I, page 2:

1689/1690, John Locke, On improvement of understanding
He that […] first discovered the use of the compass […] did more for the propagation of knowledge […] than those who built workhouses.

a glance at his compass would have shown him that a northerly course instead of an easterly could not be right

1890, Wilhelm Westhofen, The Forth Bridge:

A magnetic or electronic device used to determine the cardinal directions (usually magnetic or true north).

kompas

instrument to determine cardinal directions

to fix one foot of their compass wherever they please

1701, Jonathan Swift, chapter 5, in A Discourse of the Contests and Dissensions between the Nobles and the Commons in Athens and Rome:

A pair of compasses (a device used to draw circular arcs and transfer length measurements).

the compass of his argument

c. 1806–1809 (date written), William Wordsworth, “(please specify the page)”, in The Excursion, being a Portion of The Recluse, a Poem, London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […], published 1814, →OCLC:

There is a truth and falsehood in all propositions on this subject, and a truth and falsehood, which lie not beyond the compass of human understanding.

1748, David Hume, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral, Oxford University Press, published 1973, section 8:

How very commonly we hear it remarked that such and such thoughts are beyond the compass of words! I do not believe that any thought, properly so called, is out of the reach of language.

The 1664 pages of this Collegiate make it the most comprehensive ever published. And its treatment of words is as nearly exhaustive as the compass of an abridged work permits.

2003, Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam-Webster, →ISBN, page 6a:

They fetched a compass of seven days' journey.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Kings iii:9:

This day I breathed first; time is come round, / And where I did begin, there shall I end; / My life is run his compass.

1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:

(obsolete) A passing round; circuit; circuitous course.


sieve

en-verb

sieve (third-person singular simple present sieves, present participle sieving, simple past and past participle sieved)

sieves (present singular third-person)
sieving (participle present)
sieved (participle past)
sieved (past)

From Middle English sive, syfe, from Old English sife, from Proto-West Germanic *sibi (“sieve”), from Proto-Indo-European *seyp-, *seyb- (“to pour, sieve, strain, run, drip”). Akin to German Sieb, Dutch zeef, Proto-Slavic *sito (Russian си́то (síto), сев (sev), се́ять (séjatʹ)).

This was their seventh defeat out of nine finals, including five in a row, and the second half was a chastening experience for the Serie A champions, culminating in them sieving more goals in one match than in the rest of the competition put together.

2017 June 3, Daniel Taylor, “Real Madrid win Champions League as Cristiano Ronaldo double defeats Juv”, in The Guardian (London):


hunt

cim-noun

hunt m (plural hunte, diminutive hüntle, feminine hünten)

hunte (plural)
hüntle (diminutive)
hünten (feminine)

From Middle High German hunt, from Old High German hunt, from Proto-West Germanic *hund, from Proto-Germanic *hundaz. Cognate with German Hund, English hound.


arm

head

arm m (genitive singular airm, nominative plural airm)

airm (genitive singular)
airm (nominative plural)
arm (indefinite nominative singular)
airm (indefinite nominative plural)
a airm (indefinite singular vocative)
a arma (indefinite plural vocative)
airm (genitive indefinite singular)
arm (genitive indefinite plural)
arm (dative indefinite singular)
airm (dative indefinite plural)
an t-arm (definite nominative singular)
na hairm (definite nominative plural)
an airm (definite genitive singular)
na n-arm (definite genitive plural)
leis an arm (dative definite singular)
don arm (dative definite singular)
leis na hairm (dative definite plural)
arm
n-arm
harm

From Old Irish arm n (“armour, battle-equipment, panoply; weapon; army”), from Latin arma.


hack

en-noun

hack (countable and uncountable, plural hacks)

From Middle English hacken, hakken, from Old English *haccian (“to hack”), from Proto-West Germanic *hakkōn, from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hoe; hew”), from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng- (“to be sharp; peg; hook; handle”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian häkje (“to hack”), West Frisian hakje (“to hack”), Dutch hakken (“to chop up; hack”), German hacken (“to chop; hack; hoe”), Danish hakke (“to chop”), Swedish hacka (“to hack; chop”), French hacher (“to chop”).
The computer senses date back to at least 1955 when it initially referred to creative problem solving. By 1963, the negative connotations of “black hat” or malicious hacking had become associated with telephone hacking (cf. phreaking).


hack

A rack used to dry something, such as bricks, fish, or cheese.


maul

From Middle English malle (“mace, maul”), from Anglo-Norman mail, from Old French mail, from Latin malleus (“hammer”). Doublet of malleus.

A heavy long-handled hammer, used for splitting logs by driving a wedge into them, or in combat.

(rugby) A situation where the player carrying the ball, who must be on his feet, is held by one or more opponents, and one or more of the ball carrier's team mates bind onto the ball carrier.


maul

en-verb

maul (third-person singular simple present mauls, present participle mauling, simple past and past participle mauled)

mauls (present singular third-person)
mauling (participle present)
mauled (participle past)
mauled (past)

To handle someone or something in a rough way.

The bear mauled him in a terrible way.

The embattled heavy cruiser is not in immediate danger of sinking, but is being badly mauled.

2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 26:02 from the start, in The Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?, archived from the original on 2022-11-03:

To savage; to cause serious physical wounds (usually used of an animal).

The latest film by the Cohen brothers was mauled by the press, and was a box-office flop to boot.


calculator

[ˈkʰæɫ.kjəˌleɪ̯.ɾɚ]

In the sense of a person, from Middle English calkelatour (“mathematician, astrologer”), borrowed from Latin calculātor, equivalent to calculate + -or. The other meanings arose in Modern English.

inh

electronic calculator;   pocket calculator

The calculator on a bookkeeper's desk in the 1950s was an adding machine with mechanical guts.

I told him to hand me a calculator and he jokingly placed an adding machine at my side.

A mechanical or electronic device that performs mathematical calculations; sometimes, an electronic one specifically.

គណិតចរ

kĕəʼnetaʼ cɑɑ

ܚܲܫܘܼܒ݂ܘܿܢܵܐ

mechanical device that performs mathematical calculations

During the war, his grandmother had worked at the Bletchley Park decoding station as a calculator.

First, many real-world investors bear little resemblance to the cool calculators of efficient-market theory: they're all too subject to herd behavior, to bouts of irrational exuberance and unwarranted panic.

2020, Paul Krugman, Arguing with Zombies: Economics, Politics, and the Fight for a Better Future, page 145:

(dated) A person who performs mathematical calculation.

ܡܲܚܫܒ݂ܵܢܵܐ

dated: a person who performs mathematical calculations

Near-synonyms: schemer, plotter; manipulator

He revealed himself to be a cold-blooded calculator out to sabotage his colleagues.

Talk not thus, I implore you, Evelyn: do not imagine me the worldly calculator that my enemies deem me.

1838, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter X, in Alice or The Mysteries […], volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, book I, page 92:

You have in the merchant the shrewd calculator of probable contingencies; we shall see that we have in the prophet the absolute proclaimer of necessary and inevitable facts.

1858, John Cumming, Thy Word is Truth: an apology for Christianity, page 112:

A person who calculates (in the sense of scheming).

интригант

(obsolete) A set of mathematical tables.


priest

From Middle English prest, preest, from Old English prēost (“priest”), from Late Latin presbyter, from Ancient Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbúteros), from πρέσβυς (présbus, “elder, older”). Reinforced in Middle English by Old French prestre, also from Latin presbyter. Doublet of presbyter and prester.

They flop and struggle, but she unhooks them swiftly, stunning them with a small brass priest.

1983, Keri Hulme, The Bone People, Penguin, published 1986, page 212:

A blunt tool, used for quickly stunning and killing fish.


buff

en-noun

buff (countable and uncountable, plural buffs)

From buffe (“leather”), from Middle French buffle (“buffalo”).

A tool, often one covered with buff leather, used for polishing.

2014, “Aldergrove’s 856 gang busted, $400,000 in drugs seized,” CBC News, 30 July, 2014,
Police say this 20 ton hydraulic jack was used to press mixtures of cocaine and “buff” into brick.

Any substance used to dilute (street) drugs in order to increase profits.


bat

bacik (diminutive)
bat (nominative singular)
baty (nominative plural)
bata (genitive singular)
batów (genitive plural)
batowi (dative singular)
batu (dative singular)
batom (dative plural)
bat (accusative singular)
baty (accusative plural)
batem (instrumental singular)
batami (instrumental plural)
bacie (locative singular)
batach (locative plural)
bacie (singular vocative)
baty (plural vocative)

(in the plural) whipping, lash (type of corporal punishment)

(in the plural, literary) reproof (criticizing)

(in the plural, literary) whipping, licking, beating (heavy defeat or setback)


bat

bȁt (canonical masculine)
ба̏т (Cyrillic)
bȁt (nominative singular)
bàtovi (nominative plural)
bata (genitive singular)
batova (genitive plural)
batu (dative singular)
batovima (dative plural)
bat (accusative singular)
batove (accusative plural)
bate (singular vocative)
batovi (plural vocative)
batu (locative singular)
batovima (locative plural)
batom (instrumental singular)
batovima (instrumental plural)


tear

Tea (“cloth”) + -ar. Compare Portuguese tear and Spanish telar.


bel

az-noun

bel (definite accusative beli, plural bellər)

beli (accusative definite)
bellər (plural)
bel (nominative singular)
bellr (nominative plural)
beln (accusative definite singular)
bellr (accusative definite plural)
bely (dative singular)
bellr (dative plural)
beld (locative singular)
bellrd (locative plural)
beldn (ablative singular)
bellrdn (ablative plural)
belnn (definite genitive singular)
bellrn (definite genitive plural)
belm (first-person nominative possessive singular)
bellrm (first-person nominative possessive singular)
beln (nominative possessive second-person singular)
bellrn (nominative possessive second-person singular)
bels (nominative possessive singular third-person)
bellr (nominative possessive singular third-person)
belmz (first-person nominative plural possessive)
bellrmz (first-person nominative plural possessive)
belnz (nominative plural possessive second-person)
bellrnz (nominative plural possessive second-person)
bels (nominative plural possessive third-person)
bellr (nominative plural possessive third-person)
belm (accusative first-person possessive singular)
bellrm (accusative first-person possessive singular)
beln (accusative possessive second-person singular)
bellrn (accusative possessive second-person singular)
belsn (accusative possessive singular third-person)
bellrn (accusative possessive singular third-person)
belmz (accusative first-person plural possessive)
bellrmz (accusative first-person plural possessive)
belnz (accusative plural possessive second-person)
bellrnz (accusative plural possessive second-person)
belsn (accusative plural possessive third-person)
bellrn (accusative plural possessive third-person)
belm (dative first-person possessive singular)
bellrm (dative first-person possessive singular)
beln (dative possessive second-person singular)
bellrn (dative possessive second-person singular)
belsn (dative possessive singular third-person)
bellrn (dative possessive singular third-person)
belmz (dative first-person plural possessive)
bellrmz (dative first-person plural possessive)
belnz (dative plural possessive second-person)
bellrnz (dative plural possessive second-person)
belsn (dative plural possessive third-person)
bellrn (dative plural possessive third-person)
belmd (first-person locative possessive singular)
bellrmd (first-person locative possessive singular)
belnd (locative possessive second-person singular)
bellrnd (locative possessive second-person singular)
belsnd (locative possessive singular third-person)
bellrnd (locative possessive singular third-person)
belmzd (first-person locative plural possessive)
bellrmzd (first-person locative plural possessive)
belnzd (locative plural possessive second-person)
bellrnzd (locative plural possessive second-person)
belsnd (locative plural possessive third-person)
bellrnd (locative plural possessive third-person)
belmdn (ablative first-person possessive singular)
bellrmdn (ablative first-person possessive singular)
belndn (ablative possessive second-person singular)
bellrndn (ablative possessive second-person singular)
belsndn (ablative possessive singular third-person)
bellrndn (ablative possessive singular third-person)
belmzdn (ablative first-person plural possessive)
bellrmzdn (ablative first-person plural possessive)
belnzdn (ablative plural possessive second-person)
bellrnzdn (ablative plural possessive second-person)
belsndn (ablative plural possessive third-person)
bellrndn (ablative plural possessive third-person)
belmn (first-person genitive possessive singular)
bellrmn (first-person genitive possessive singular)
belnn (genitive possessive second-person singular)
bellrnn (genitive possessive second-person singular)
belsnn (genitive possessive singular third-person)
bellrnn (genitive possessive singular third-person)
belmzn (first-person genitive plural possessive)
bellrmzn (first-person genitive plural possessive)
belnzn (genitive plural possessive second-person)
bellrnzn (genitive plural possessive second-person)
belsnn (genitive plural possessive third-person)
bellrnn (genitive plural possessive third-person)


bel

head

bel (definite accusative beli, plural beller)

beli (accusative definite)
beller (plural)

From Ottoman Turkish بل (bel, “spade”), variant of بیل (bil), from Persian بیل (bil, “spade”).


bel

bellar (plural)
bel (nominative singular)
bellar (nominative plural)
belning (genitive singular)
bellarning (genitive plural)
belga (dative singular)
bellarga (dative plural)
belni (accusative definite singular)
bellarni (accusative definite plural)
belda (locative singular)
bellarda (locative plural)
beldan (ablative singular)
bellardan (ablative plural)
beldek (singular)
bellardek (plural)
belim (first-person nominative singular)
bellarim (first-person nominative)
belimning (first-person genitive singular)
bellarimning (first-person genitive)
belimga (dative first-person singular)
bellarimga (dative first-person)
belimni (accusative definite first-person singular)
bellarimni (accusative definite first-person)
belimda (first-person locative singular)
bellarimda (first-person locative)
belimdan (ablative first-person singular)
bellarimdan (ablative first-person)
belimdek (first-person singular)
bellarimdek (first-person)
beling (nominative second-person singular)
bellaring (nominative second-person)
belingning (genitive second-person singular)
bellaringning (genitive second-person)
belingga (dative second-person singular)
bellaringga (dative second-person)
belingni (accusative definite second-person singular)
bellaringni (accusative definite second-person)
belingda (locative second-person singular)
bellaringda (locative second-person)
belingdan (ablative second-person singular)
bellaringdan (ablative second-person)
belingdek (second-person singular)
bellaringdek (second-person)
beli (nominative singular)
bellari (nominative plural)
belining (genitive singular)
bellarining (genitive plural)
beliga (dative singular)
bellariga (dative plural)
belini (accusative definite singular)
bellarini (accusative definite plural)
belida (locative singular)
bellarida (locative plural)
belidan (ablative singular)
bellaridan (ablative plural)
belidek (singular)
bellaridek (plural)
belimiz (first-person nominative)
bellarimiz (first-person nominative plural)
belimizning (first-person genitive)
bellarimizning (first-person genitive plural)
belimizga (dative first-person)
bellarimizga (dative first-person plural)
belimizni (accusative definite first-person)
bellarimizni (accusative definite first-person plural)
belimizda (first-person locative)
bellarimizda (first-person locative plural)
belimizdan (ablative first-person)
bellarimizdan (ablative first-person plural)
belimizdek (first-person)
bellarimizdek (first-person plural)
belingiz (nominative second-person)
bellaringiz (nominative plural second-person)
belingizning (genitive second-person)
bellaringizning (genitive plural second-person)
belingizga (dative second-person)
bellaringizga (dative plural second-person)
belingizni (accusative definite second-person)
bellaringizni (accusative definite plural second-person)
belingizda (locative second-person)
bellaringizda (locative plural second-person)
belingizdan (ablative second-person)
bellaringizdan (ablative plural second-person)
belingizdek (second-person)
bellaringizdek (plural second-person)

Borrowed from Persian بیل (bêl, “spade”).


graip

→ Irish: graeipe, graeip, grápa, grápán

→ Scottish Gaelic: gràpa

From Old English grāp (“grip, grasp”) and/or *grǣpe (“grasping”); in either case akin to English grope and gripe.

He marches thro' amang the stacks, / Tho' he was something sturtin; / The graip he for a harrow taks, / An' haurls at his curpin;


pico

→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: tlölpico

→ Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec: píko

Inherited from Old Spanish bico, from Latin beccus, from Gaulish *bekkos, from Proto-Celtic *bekkos. It was phonetically influenced by the verb picar (“to peck”). Compare English beak.

(vulgar, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica) penis


millstone

millstones (plural)
mill-stone (alternative)

Dalgarven Mill – Museum of Ayrshire Country Life and Costume

From Middle English mylneston, milneston, from Old English mylenstān (“millstone”), from Proto-West Germanic *mulīnu + *stain; equivalent to mill + stone; cognate with Danish møllesten, Middle Dutch molensteen (modern Dutch molensteen), West Frisian molestien, Norwegian Bokmål møllestein, Old Saxon mulinstēn (Middle Low German mȫlenstēn), Old High German mulinstein, mülstein (Middle High German mülstein, modern German Mühlstein).

As it is the circular Motion of the Mill-ſtone which brings the Corn out of the Hopper by Jerks, and with a Velocity depending upon that of the Stone, other Grains are always ſucceeding, which raiſe it anew, and the Flower just made being no longer preſs'd is carry'd away into the Boulting Mill by the Circulation of Air that the Mill-ſtone puts into motion, which makes a whirling there.

1744, J[ohn] T[heophilus] Desaguliers, “Lecture XII. On Engines, especially Hydrostatical and Hydraulick Machines.”, in A Course of Experimental Philosophy, volume II, London: Printed for W. Innys, at the West End of St. Paul's; M. Senex, in Fleet-street; and T[homas] Longman, in Pater-noster-Row, →OCLC, page 429:

The reason why a mill-stone signifies confirmation from the Word in both senses, is, because wheat signifies good, and fine flour the truth thereof, hence by a mill-stone, by which wheat is ground into fine flour, or barley into meal, is signified the production of truth from good, or the production of what is false from evil, thus also the confirmation of truth or what is false from the Word; […]

1815, Emanuel Swedenborg, “[Book of Revelation,] Chapter XVIII”, in John Clowes, transl., The Apocalypse, or Book of Revelations, Explained According to the Spiritual Sense; in which are Revealed the Arcana which are there Predicted, and have been hitherto Deeply Concealed: Translated into English from a Latin Posthumous Work, of the Honourable Emanuel Swedenborg [by William Hill]; and Revised by the Translator of the Arcana Cœlestia [John Clowes], volume VI, London: Printed and sold for the Society for Printing and Publishing the Works of the Hon. Emanuel Swedenborg, instituted in London in the year 1810; by E. Hodson, 15, Cross Street, Hatton Garden; sold also by T. Goyder, 8, Charles Street, Westminster; and may be had of all booksellers in town and country, →OCLC, page 149, paragraph 1182:

We can tell what Australopithecines ate from the remains of their jaws and teeth. The earliest finds show teeth which are large and round like millstones – acting as grinding and pulverizing machines for fibrous vegetation.

1998, Colin Spencer, “Aquatic Ape Theory. How Early Did Fish Enter the Diet?”, in Harlan Walker, editor, Fish: Food from the Waters: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery 1997, Totnes, Devon: Prospect Books, →ISBN, page 307:

A large round stone used for grinding grain.

رَحًى

In North America the millstone grit, and a grey sandy and slaty rock beneath it, occur three times; and it is exceedingly difficult to distinguish these rocks in hand specimens, without the aid of organized remains. And remains are almost exclusively confined to the grey rocks. Common quarrymen, farmers, and foreign geologists, apply the names, greywracke and millstone, to all these rocks promiscuously; neither having observed their different relative positions.

1832, Amos Eaton, Geological Text-book, for Aiding the Study of North American Geology: Being a Systematic Arrangement of Facts, Collected by the Author and His Pupils, under the Patronage of the Hon. Stephen Van Rensselaer, 2nd edition, Albany, N.Y.: Published by Websters and Skinners, New York, N.Y.: G. and C. and H. Carvill, Troy, N.Y.: William S. Parker, N. Tuttle, printer, →OCLC, pages 92–93:

From the above account it will be seen how closely the Millstone Grit and the Lower Coal Measures are like one another in their lithological character. Each is a group of thick sandstones parted by shales, and in each beds of coal are very generally found on the top of the sandstones. The differences are these. Among the Millstones the sandstones are thicker, fewer, further apart, more constant both in size and character, and as a rule coarse grits or conglomerates.

1869, A. H. Green, C[lement] le Neve Foster, J. R. Dakyns, “Lower Coal-measures or Ganister-beds”, in The Geology of the Carboniferous Limestone, Yoredale Rocks, and Millstone Grit of North Derbyshire and the Adjoining Parts of Yorkshire. (Sheets 81 N.E., 81 S.E., 72 N.E., and Adjoining Parts of 88 S.E., 82 N.W., 82 S.W., and 71 N.W. of the Map of the Geological Survey.) (Memoirs of the Geological Survey of England and Wales), London: Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office; published by Longmans, Green and Co., →OCLC, page 11:

(geology) A coarse-grained sandstone used for making such stones; millstone grit.

Paying the mortgage every month is a millstone round their necks.

[H]owever great and powerful England may be, the strain of such entanglements cannot but tell on her, and one day she may find herself in a predicament in which India may simply hang as a mill-stone round her neck.

1905, Pherozeshah M[erwanjee] Mehta, “Speech on the Ilbert Bill”, in C[hirravoori] Y[ajneswara] Chintamani, editor, Speeches and Writings of the Honourable Sir Pherozeshah M. Mehta, K.C.I.E., Allahabad: The Indian Press, →OCLC, page 164:

Furthermore, Colonel [Josiah Clement] Wedgwood was dead against special representation being given to landlords or even to universities. "Let India beware," he declared, "of the expansion of communal representation which she will find as a mill-stone hanging about her neck which will grow heavier as time goes on."

[1920], “Britain and India”, in Josiah C. Wedgwood: The Man and His Work, Madras: S. Ganesan & Co., →OCLC, page 118:

Another millstone around the NDP’s neck was the relative lack of seasoned parliamentarians in the government front bench who were skilled enough at repartee to take on the Tory veterans across the floor.

1982 December 11, Frances Russell, “Economic performance buoys Pawley’s position”, in The Vancouver Sun (The Weekend Sun), Vancouver, BC, page A6:

That stunning defeat effectively ushered in a three-year deep freeze on any discussion of climate in Congress, an era of paralysis so pervasive that in June 2013, in what many environmentalists hailed as a milestone for action on climate and critics decried as a millstone around the neck of a struggling economy.

2015, Seamus McGraw, “The Other White Meat”, in Betting the Farm on a Drought: Stories from the Front Lines of Climate Change, Austin, Tex.: University of Texas Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 67:

AI may be a millstone to countries with a large population, they are a boon to a shrinking one.

2023 September 23, Leo Lewis, “It takes a village”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 2:

millstone round one's neck
millstone round one's neck#English

(figurative) Ellipsis of millstone round one's neck, a heavy responsibility that is difficult to bear (referring to Matthew 18:6 in the Bible).


kara

kara (nominative singular)
karë (nominative plural)
karë (genitive singular)
kar (genitive plural)
karów (genitive plural)
karze (dative singular)
karóm (dative plural)
karã (accusative singular)
karë (accusative plural)
karą (instrumental singular)
karama (instrumental plural)
karze (locative singular)
karach (locative plural)
karo (singular vocative)
karë (plural vocative)


kara

kara (nominative singular)
kary (nominative plural)
kary (genitive singular)
karōw (genitive plural)
karze (dative singular)
karōm (dative plural)
karã (accusative singular)
kary (accusative plural)
karōm (instrumental singular)
karami (instrumental plural)
karōma (instrumental plural)
karze (locative singular)
karach (locative plural)
karo (singular vocative)
kary (plural vocative)


beetle

From Middle English betel, from Old English bȳtel, bīetel (“hammer”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautil (“hammer, mallet”), equivalent to beat + -le. Cognate with Low German Bötel (“mallet”).

inh

A type of mallet with a large wooden head, used to drive wedges, beat pavements, etc.


beetle

en-verb

beetle (third-person singular simple present beetles, present participle beetling, simple past and past participle beetled)

beetles (present singular third-person)
beetling (participle present)
beetled (participle past)
beetled (past)


axe

From Middle English ax, axe, ex, from Old English æx, from Proto-West Germanic *akusi, from Proto-Germanic *akwisī, probably from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷsih₂ (“axe”), from *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed”). Compare German Axt, Dutch aks, Danish økse, Icelandic öxi, and also Latin ascia.

A tool for felling trees or chopping wood etc. consisting of a heavy head flattened to a blade on one side, and a handle attached to it.


suka

suka (nominative singular)
suat (nominative plural)
suka (accusative nominative singular)
suat (accusative nominative plural)
suan (accusative genitive singular)
suat (accusative genitive plural)
suan (genitive singular)
sukien (genitive plural)
sukain (genitive plural rare)
sukaa (partitive singular)
sukia (partitive plural)
suassa (inessive singular)
suissa (inessive plural)
suasta (elative singular)
suista (elative plural)
sukaan (illative singular)
sukiin (illative plural)
sualla (adessive singular)
suilla (adessive plural)
sualta (ablative singular)
suilta (ablative plural)
sualle (allative singular)
suille (allative plural)
sukana (essive singular)
sukina (essive plural)
suaksi (singular translative)
suiksi (plural translative)
suatta (abessive singular)
suitta (abessive plural)
suin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
sukani (nominative singular)
sukani (nominative plural)
sukani (accusative nominative singular)
sukani (accusative nominative plural)
sukani (accusative genitive singular)
sukani (accusative genitive plural)
sukani (genitive singular)
sukieni (genitive plural)
sukaini (genitive plural rare)
sukaani (partitive singular)
sukiani (partitive plural)
suassani (inessive singular)
suissani (inessive plural)
suastani (elative singular)
suistani (elative plural)
sukaani (illative singular)
sukiini (illative plural)
suallani (adessive singular)
suillani (adessive plural)
sualtani (ablative singular)
suiltani (ablative plural)
sualleni (allative singular)
suilleni (allative plural)
sukanani (essive singular)
sukinani (essive plural)
suakseni (singular translative)
suikseni (plural translative)
suattani (abessive singular)
suittani (abessive plural)
sukineni (comitative plural)
sukasi (nominative singular)
sukasi (nominative plural)
sukasi (accusative nominative singular)
sukasi (accusative nominative plural)
sukasi (accusative genitive singular)
sukasi (accusative genitive plural)
sukasi (genitive singular)
sukiesi (genitive plural)
sukaisi (genitive plural rare)
sukaasi (partitive singular)
sukiasi (partitive plural)
suassasi (inessive singular)
suissasi (inessive plural)
suastasi (elative singular)
suistasi (elative plural)
sukaasi (illative singular)
sukiisi (illative plural)
suallasi (adessive singular)
suillasi (adessive plural)
sualtasi (ablative singular)
suiltasi (ablative plural)
suallesi (allative singular)
suillesi (allative plural)
sukanasi (essive singular)
sukinasi (essive plural)
suaksesi (singular translative)
suiksesi (plural translative)
suattasi (abessive singular)
suittasi (abessive plural)
sukinesi (comitative plural)
sukamme (nominative singular)
sukamme (nominative plural)
sukamme (accusative nominative singular)
sukamme (accusative nominative plural)
sukamme (accusative genitive singular)
sukamme (accusative genitive plural)
sukamme (genitive singular)
sukiemme (genitive plural)
sukaimme (genitive plural rare)
sukaamme (partitive singular)
sukiamme (partitive plural)
suassamme (inessive singular)
suissamme (inessive plural)
suastamme (elative singular)
suistamme (elative plural)
sukaamme (illative singular)
sukiimme (illative plural)
suallamme (adessive singular)
suillamme (adessive plural)
sualtamme (ablative singular)
suiltamme (ablative plural)
suallemme (allative singular)
suillemme (allative plural)
sukanamme (essive singular)
sukinamme (essive plural)
suaksemme (singular translative)
suiksemme (plural translative)
suattamme (abessive singular)
suittamme (abessive plural)
sukinemme (comitative plural)
sukanne (nominative singular)
sukanne (nominative plural)
sukanne (accusative nominative singular)
sukanne (accusative nominative plural)
sukanne (accusative genitive singular)
sukanne (accusative genitive plural)
sukanne (genitive singular)
sukienne (genitive plural)
sukainne (genitive plural rare)
sukaanne (partitive singular)
sukianne (partitive plural)
suassanne (inessive singular)
suissanne (inessive plural)
suastanne (elative singular)
suistanne (elative plural)
sukaanne (illative singular)
sukiinne (illative plural)
suallanne (adessive singular)
suillanne (adessive plural)
sualtanne (ablative singular)
suiltanne (ablative plural)
suallenne (allative singular)
suillenne (allative plural)
sukananne (essive singular)
sukinanne (essive plural)
suaksenne (singular translative)
suiksenne (plural translative)
suattanne (abessive singular)
suittanne (abessive plural)
sukinenne (comitative plural)
sukansa (nominative singular)
sukansa (nominative plural)
sukansa (accusative nominative singular)
sukansa (accusative nominative plural)
sukansa (accusative genitive singular)
sukansa (accusative genitive plural)
sukansa (genitive singular)
sukiensa (genitive plural)
sukainsa (genitive plural rare)
sukaansa (partitive singular)
sukiaan (partitive plural)
sukiansa (partitive plural)
suassaan (inessive singular)
suassansa (inessive singular)
suissaan (inessive plural)
suissansa (inessive plural)
suastaan (elative singular)
suastansa (elative singular)
suistaan (elative plural)
suistansa (elative plural)
sukaansa (illative singular)
sukiinsa (illative plural)
suallaan (adessive singular)
suallansa (adessive singular)
suillaan (adessive plural)
suillansa (adessive plural)
sualtaan (ablative singular)
sualtansa (ablative singular)
suiltaan (ablative plural)
suiltansa (ablative plural)
sualleen (allative singular)
suallensa (allative singular)
suilleen (allative plural)
suillensa (allative plural)
sukanaan (essive singular)
sukanansa (essive singular)
sukinaan (essive plural)
sukinansa (essive plural)
suakseen (singular translative)
suaksensa (singular translative)
suikseen (plural translative)
suiksensa (plural translative)
suattaan (abessive singular)
suattansa (abessive singular)
suittaan (abessive plural)
suittansa (abessive plural)
sukineen (comitative plural)
sukinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *suka, from Proto-Finno-Permic *śuka, borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] (compare Sanskrit शूक (śūka, “awn (of grain)”)). Alternative theory suggests more recent borrowing from Baltic (compare Latvian suka). Cognate with Kildin Sami чоагкь (čågk’), Erzya сюва (śuva).

A (coarse) brush, especially one used for brushing animals, such as a currycomb for grooming horses.


satu

satuk (plural)
satu (nominative singular)
satuk (nominative plural)
satut (accusative singular)
satukat (accusative plural)
satunak (dative singular)
satuknak (dative plural)
satuval (instrumental singular)
satukkal (instrumental plural)
satuért (causal-final singular)
satukért (causal-final plural)
satuvá (singular translative)
satukká (plural translative)
satuig (singular terminative)
satukig (plural terminative)
satuként (essive-formal singular)
satukként (essive-formal plural)
satuban (inessive singular)
satukban (inessive plural)
satun (singular superessive)
satukon (plural superessive)
satunál (adessive singular)
satuknál (adessive plural)
satuba (illative singular)
satukba (illative plural)
satura (singular sublative)
satukra (plural sublative)
satuhoz (allative singular)
satukhoz (allative plural)
satuból (elative singular)
satukból (elative plural)
saturól (delative singular)
satukról (delative plural)
satutól (ablative singular)
satuktól (ablative plural)
satué (singular)
satuké (plural)
satuéi (singular)
satukéi (plural)
satum (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
satuim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
satud (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
satuid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
satuja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
satui (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
satunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
satuink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
satutok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
satuitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
satujuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
satuik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


tak

takes (plural)
takke (alternative)
take (alternative)
tace (alternative)

English: tack

Scots: taik

From Old Northern French taque, ultimately of Germanic origin, probably from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“spike, thorn, prickle”).

der

(nautical) tack (a rope used to hold the foremost corner of the sail in place)


drove

From Middle English drove, drof, draf, from Old English drāf (“action of driving; a driving out, expulsion; drove, herd, band; company, band; road along which cattle are driven”), from Proto-Germanic *draibō (“a drive, push, movement, drove”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”). Cognate with Scots drave, dreef (“drove, crowd”), Dutch dreef (“a walkway, wide road with trees, drove”), Middle High German treip (“a drove”), Swedish drev (“a drive, drove”), Icelandic dreif (“a scattering, distribution”). More at drive.

cog

A broad chisel used to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface.


rake

From Middle English rake [and other forms], from Old English raca, racu, ræce (“tool with a row of pointed teeth, rake”), from Proto-Germanic *rakō, *rekô (“tool with a row of pointed teeth, rake”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”).
Cognates
The English word is cognate with Danish rage (chiefly regional), Middle Dutch rāke, rēke (modern Dutch raak, reek (both regional), riek (“pitchfork, rake”)), Middle Low German rāke, racke (modern German Low German Raak (“rake; poker”)), Old High German rehho, rech (Middle High German reche, modern German Rechen (“rake”)), Old Norse reka (“shovel”) (modern Icelandic reka (“shovel”)), Old Saxon recho, Old Swedish raka (modern Swedish raka (“rake; (long) straight section of a road”)).

cog

Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. […] Ikey the blacksmith had forged us a spearhead after a sketch from a picture of a Greek warrior; and a rake-handle served as a shaft.

1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], “The Old Punt: A Curious ‘Turnpike’”, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 19–20:

(agriculture, horticulture) A garden tool with a row of pointed teeth fixed to a long handle, used for collecting debris, grass, etc., for flattening the ground, or for loosening soil; also, a similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by a horse or a tractor.

бра́на

similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by horse or tractor

(by extension) A similarly shaped tool used for other purposes.

(gambling) A tool with a straight edge at the end used by a croupier to move chips or money across a gaming table.

A type of lockpick that has a ridged or notched blade that moves across the pins in a pin tumbler lock, causing them to settle into a shear line.


rake

The origin of the verb is uncertain. The noun is probably derived from the verb.
possibly related terms
* German ragen (“to rise up out of; to jut or stick out”), from Middle High German ragen (compare Middle Dutch rāgen, Middle Low German rāgen), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erǵʰ- (“to go up, rise”); and
* Middle Dutch rāken (“to acquire; to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”) (modern Dutch raken (“to hit (not miss); to touch; to become”)), Middle Low German rāken, rōken (“to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”), from Proto-Germanic *rakōną (“to take a course or direction; to run”) (see further at etymology 4).

ref

From “Grinding and Setting Lathe and Planer Cutting Tools”, in Canadian Machinery and Manufacturing News, volume XVIII, number 1, Toronto, Ont.: MacLean Publishing Company, 1917 July 5, →OCLC, page 21.

der

(specifically) In full, angle of rake or rake angle: the angle between the edge or face of a tool (especially a cutting tool) and a plane (usually one perpendicular to the object that the tool is being applied to).


explorer

Any of various hand tools, with sharp points, used in dentistry.


scissors

en-noun

scissors pl (plural only, attributive scissor)

scissor (attributive)
cizars (alternative obsolete)
cizers (alternative obsolete)
scissars (alternative archaic)
sissors (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English sisours (attested since 1350–1400), from Old French cisoirs, from Late Latin cīsōria, plural of cīsōrium (“cutting tool”); from Latin word root -cīsus (compare excise) or caesus, past participle of caedō (“to cut”). Partially displaced native Old English sċēara (“scissors, shears”), whence shears. Doublet of chisel.
The current spelling, from the 16th century, is due to association with Medieval Latin scissor (“tailor”), from Latin carrying the meaning “carver, cutter”, from scindō (“to split”).

Near-synonym: shears

Those scissors are sharp.

less commonly to indicate singular scissors

That scissors is sharp.

Scissors are used to cut the flowers.

Use scissors to cut them if you don't have proper shears.

Roses will last longer if a knife rather than a scissors is used to cut the blooms.

1947 June 22, “Around the Garden”, in New York Times:

(countable, usually construed as plural) A tool used for cutting thin material, consisting of two crossing blades attached at a pivot point in such a way that the blades slide across each other when the handles are closed.

ཟུང་གྲི (zung gri, literally “pair-knife”)


brush

brush (countable and uncountable, plural brushes)

From Middle English brusshe, from Old French broisse (Modern French brosse), from Vulgar Latin *brustia, from Frankish *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (“bristle”), or also Vulgar Latin *bruscia, from Proto-Germanic *bruskaz (“tuft, thicket, underbrush”), which could be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrusgo-.

der

(music) An instrument, resembling a brush, used to produce a soft sound from drums or cymbals.

Your bitmap image appears along the painted stroke. If you'd like to permanently create a custom sprite brush, it's fairly easy to adapt an existing MEL file[…].

2007, Lee Lanier, Maya Professional Tips and Techniques, page 12:

(computer graphics) An on-screen tool for "painting" a particular colour or texture.


parasol

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-parasol.wav

From French parasol, from Italian parasole, from para- (“to shield”) + sole (“sun”).

sunshade

umbrella used for protection against the sun

A sun umbrella for garden use etc., mounted on a stand; these can be foldable and demountable.


saw

Sranan Tongo: sa

The noun from Middle English sawe, sawgh, from Old English saga, sagu (“saw”), from Proto-West Germanic *sagu, from Proto-Germanic *sagô, *sagō (“saw”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).
Cognate with West Frisian seage (“saw”), Dutch zaag (“saw”), German Säge (“saw”), Danish sav (“saw”), Swedish såg (“saw”), Icelandic sög (“saw”), and through Indo-European, with Latin secō (“cut”) and Italian sega (“saw”).
The verb from Middle English sawen, from the noun above.

rare, idiosyncratic, past tense of see (for example, as used by Dina Cappiello of the Associated Press)

A tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal.

Such a tool with an abrasive coating instead of teeth.


shat

From Proto-Albanian *śaktā, from Proto-Indo-European *sēk-teh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”). Cognate to Latin secula (“sickle”), sacena (“pick-axe of the pontifix”).


klin

dsb-noun

klin m inan (diminutive klinašk or klink)

klinašk (diminutive)
klink (diminutive)
klin (nominative singular)
klina (dual nominative)
kliny (nominative plural)
klina (genitive singular)
klinowu (dual genitive)
klinow (genitive plural)
klinoju (dative singular)
klinoma (dative dual)
klinam (dative plural)
klin (accusative singular)
klina (accusative dual)
kliny (accusative plural)
klinom (instrumental singular)
klinoma (dual instrumental)
klinami (instrumental plural)
klinje (locative singular)
klinoma (dual locative)
klinach (locative plural)


klin

klin (nominative singular)
kliny (nominative plural)
klina (genitive singular)
klinów (genitive plural)
klinowi (dative singular)
klinom (dative plural)
klin (accusative singular)
kliny (accusative plural)
klinem (instrumental singular)
klinami (instrumental plural)
klinie (locative singular)
klinach (locative plural)
klinie (singular vocative)
kliny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish klin, from Proto-Slavic *klinъ.

(colloquial) shot of alcohol drunk to overcome a hangover, hair of the dog


klin

klȉn (canonical masculine)
кли̏н (Cyrillic)
klin (nominative singular)
klinovi (nominative plural)
klina (genitive singular)
klinova (genitive plural)
klinu (dative singular)
klinovima (dative plural)
klin (accusative singular)
klinove (accusative plural)
kline (singular vocative)
klinovi (plural vocative)
klinu (locative singular)
klinovima (locative plural)
klinom (instrumental singular)
klinovima (instrumental plural)


klin

klin (nominative singular)
klinaj (dual nominative)
kliny (nominative plural)
klina (genitive singular)
klinow (dual genitive)
klinow (genitive plural)
klinej (dative singular)
klinomaj (dative dual)
klinam (dative plural)
klin (accusative singular)
klinaj (accusative dual)
kliny (accusative plural)
klinom (instrumental singular)
klinomaj (dual instrumental)
klinami (instrumental plural)
klinu (locative singular)
klinje (locative singular)
klinomaj (dual locative)
klinach (locative plural)
klino (singular vocative)
klinje (singular vocative)
klinaj (dual vocative)
kliny (plural vocative)


screwdriver

A hand tool or power tool which engages with the head of a screw and allows torque to be applied to turn the screw, thus driving it in or loosening it.


drill

From Middle Dutch drillen (“bore, move in a circle”).

der

Wear safety glasses when operating an electric drill.

A tool or machine used to remove material so as to create a hole, typically by plunging a rotating cutting bit into a stationary workpiece.


hammer

From Middle English hamer, from Old English hamor, from Proto-West Germanic *hamar, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz (“tool with a stone head”) (compare West Frisian hammer, Low German Hamer, Dutch hamer, German Hammer, Danish hammer, Swedish hammare). This is traditionally ascribed to Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros, from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”), but see *hamaraz for further discussion.
(declare a defaulter on the stock exchange): Originally signalled by knocking with a wooden mallet.

sense

Nonstop hammer cock, violent mannered shots land a lot

2016, Doseone, “Enter the Gungeon”, in Enter the Gungeon OST:

In the course of a single month this year, the following news reports emanated from Florida: A gun enthusiast in Tampa built a 55-foot backyard pool shaped like a revolver, with a hot tub in the hammer.

2023 March 27, Helen Lewis, “How Did America’s Weirdest, Most Freedom-Obsessed State Fall for an Authoritarian Governor?”, in The Atlantic:

(firearms) A moving part of a firearm that strikes the firing pin to discharge a gun.


hammer

head

hammer c (singular definite hammeren, plural indefinite hammere or hamre)

hammeren (definite singular)
hammere (indefinite plural)
hamre (indefinite plural)
hammer (indefinite nominative singular)
hammeren (definite nominative singular)
hammere (indefinite nominative plural)
hamre (indefinite nominative plural)
hammerne (definite nominative plural)
hamrene (definite nominative plural)
hammers (genitive indefinite singular)
hammerens (definite genitive singular)
hammeres (genitive indefinite plural)
hamres (genitive indefinite plural)
hammernes (definite genitive plural)
hamrenes (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse hamarr, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros, from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”).


hammer

hammer m (definite singular hammeren, indefinite plural hammere or hamrer, definite plural hammerne or hamrene)

hammeren (definite singular)
hammere (indefinite plural)
hamrer (indefinite plural)
hammerne (definite plural)
hamrene (definite plural)
hammar (alternative)


hammer

hammer c (plural hammers, diminutive hammerke)

From Old Frisian hamar, from Proto-West Germanic *hamar, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz.

Ik sloech mei de hammer op 'e finger

hammer (tool, consisting of a piece of wood or iron, which is used for hitting or knocking)


funnel

From Middle English funell, fonel, probably through Old French *founel (compare Middle French fonel, Old Occitan fonilh, enfounilh), from Latin fundibulum, infundibulum (“funnel”), from infundere (“to pour in”);
in (“in”) + fundere (“to pour”); compare Breton founilh (“funnel”), Welsh ffynel (“air hole, chimney”). See fuse.

A utensil in the shape of an inverted hollow cone terminating in a narrow pipe, for channeling liquids or granular material; typically used when transferring said substances from any container into ones with a significantly smaller opening.

漏斗

ろうと, rōto, じょうご, jōgo

top of (the) funnel marketing

Then there's the funnel. Marketing usually spends most of their time at the top of the funnel with a quantity strategy. On the other hand, Sales spends their time trying to convert, accelerate, or close accounts that are in the middle or bottom of the funnel.

2019, Chris Golec, Peter Isaacson, Jessica Fewless, Account-Based Marketing: How to Target and Engage the Companies That Will Grow Your Revenue, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 41:

(marketing, figurative) Ellipsis of purchase funnel (“the process of customer acquisition conceptualized as a series of stages, from initial awareness (top) to sale or conversion (bottom)”).


funnel

en-verb

funnel (third-person singular simple present funnels, present participle funnelling or funneling, simple past and past participle funnelled or funneled)

funnels (present singular third-person)
funnelling (participle present)
funneling (participle present)
funnelled (participle past)
funnelled (past)
funneled (participle past)
funneled (past)

Expect delays where the traffic funnels down to one lane.

2014, Paul Salopek, Blessed. Cursed. Claimed., National Geographic (December 2014)https://web.archive.org/web/20150212214621/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/pilgrim-roads/salopek-text
A line of clocks in our cheap hotel displays the time in Lagos, Bucharest, Kiev: the capitals of pilgrims who come to kneel at the birthplace of Christ. In reality the entire world funnels through the Church of the Nativity.

(intransitive) To proceed through a narrow gap or passageway akin to a funnel; to condense or narrow.

door een kleiner opening voeren

to proceed through a narrow gap or passageway akin to a funnel

Our taxes are being funnelled into pointless government initiatives.

Like so many others, I was awestruck by the first season, which captured a moment in time and successfully funnelled its rage outwards at a world in which women are indeed silenced, controlled and killed by men.

2018 June 16, Fiona Sturges, “Cattleprods! Severed tongues! Torture porn! Why I’ve stopped watching the Handmaid’s Tale”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-02-05:

The Soviet Union had a substantially larger land army, considerably larger than NATO and the U.S.,” Sharpless said. […]So, one strategy was to block various access routes and perhaps funnel them into an area where you could use larger weapons against them.

2019 January 7, Paul Srubas, “His job was to place atomic bombs. Place them, not drop them. Set the timer. Run like hell.”, in Green Bay Press-Gazette:

He was alive to every creak and dunt, the thinness of the walls, as if the tenement block was a kind of aural panopticon that funnelled every sound to the other residents, let everyone eavesdrop on their business.

2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 274:

(transitive) To channel, direct, or focus (emotions, money, resources, etc.).

faire circuler des ressources ou de l'argent


funnel

Alternative form of fummel (“hybrid animal”).


ore

ores (plural)
hore (alternative)
oore (alternative)
are (alternative Northern)
aurre (alternative Northern)

English: oar

Scots: air

From the oblique forms of Old English ār (“oar”), from Proto-West Germanic *airu, from Proto-Germanic *airō.


ore

From the oblique forms of Old English ār (“honour”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *aizō.

oore (alternative)
or (alternative)
ȝore (alternative)
aore (alternative Early-Middle-English)
are (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ære (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ar (alternative Northern)
are (alternative Northern)

grace, favour (positivity towards someone)::

permission, approval (to engage in a behaviour)

mercy, clemency (remission of punishment)


tangle

en-noun

tangle (countable and uncountable, plural tangles)

Of North Germanic origin, such as Danish tang or Swedish tång, from Old Norse þongull, þang. See also Norwegian tongul, Faroese tongul, Icelandic þöngull.

(in the plural) An instrument consisting essentially of an iron bar to which are attached swabs, or bundles of frayed rope, or other similar substances, used to capture starfishes, sea urchins, and other similar creatures living at the bottom of the sea.


mop

mop (countable and uncountable, plural mops)

→ Canadian French: moppe

→ German: Mopp

→ Irish: mapa

→ Spanish: mopa

From Middle English mappe (also as mappel), perhaps borrowed from Walloon mappe (“napkin”), from Latin mappa (“napkin, cloth”). Believed to be from a Semitic source, variously claimed as Phoenician or Punic (the latter by Quintilian). Compare Modern Hebrew מַפָּה (mapá, “a map; a cloth”) (shortened from מַנְפָּה (manpah, “fluttering banner, streaming cloth”)). Doublet of map, nape, and nappe.

An implement for washing floors or similar, made of a piece of cloth, or a collection of thrums, or coarse yarn, fastened to a handle.

He gave the floor a quick mop to soak up the spilt juice.


mop

mop m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
mop (nominative singular)
mopy (nominative plural)
mopa (genitive singular)
mopów (genitive plural)
mopowi (dative singular)
mopom (dative plural)
mop (accusative singular)
mopa (accusative singular)
mopy (accusative plural)
mopem (instrumental singular)
mopami (instrumental plural)
mopie (locative singular)
mopach (locative plural)
mopie (singular vocative)
mopy (plural vocative)

mop (implement for washing floors or similar, made of a piece of cloth, or a collection of thrums, or coarse yarn, fastened to a handle)


instrumental

English: instrumental

From Medieval Latin instrumentalis; equivalent to instrument + -al.

instrumentale (alternative)
instrumentall (alternative)

Resembling an instrument in use (i.e. being used as a tool)


massicot

From the name of Guillaume Massiquot (1797-1870), the inventor of the machine. Previously the common noun was also spelt massiquot.

guillotine, a machine for cutting paper and sheet metal


帚

Characters in the same phonetic series (帚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – a broom with bristles on top and tied handle on the bottom.
In modern form, top now resembles 聿 (“hand”), 肀 (“brush”), 彐, and overall graphically decomposes roughly as 肀 + 冖 + 巾.


peen

Clipping of penis, with the spelling changed to maintain the original pronunciation.

With all due respect (and that may be very little), the real truth is that being a dad is sometimes an imposition of pain far worse than any up-the-peen catheter could ever deliver.

2009, Danny Evans, Rage Against the Meshugenah: Why it Takes Balls to Go Nuts, New American Library, published 2009, →ISBN:

Where to touch a man that will drive him wild every time (Hint: It's probably his peen.)

2010, Andrea Lavinthal, Jessica Rozler, Your So-Called Life: A Guide to Boys, Body Issues, and Other Big-Girl Drama You Thought You Would Have Figured Out By Now, Harper, published 2010, →ISBN, page 32:

It's so quiet you could hear a peen go soft.

2012, Fanny Merkin, Andrew Shaffer, Fifty Shames of Earl Grey: A Parody, Da Capo Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 49:

“Guillermo, you will now take Colin Robinson's peen and scrotum and crush it in your hand.” “What?” “Good idea.” “No.” “Yeah.” “He's gonna do it.” “I'm afraid I can't, Master. As much as I would love to, something compels me not to.”

2021 September 2, Paul Simms, “The Prisoner” (2058: from the start), in What We Do in the Shadows, season 3, episode 1, spoken by Nadja of Antipaxos (Natasia Demetriou):


拐

→? Vietnamese: Cuội

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡʷroːlʔ): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 冎 (OC *kroːlʔ).

Han compound

拄拐


斧

ja-noun

斧(おの) or 斧(オノ) • (ono) ^(←をの (wono) or ヲノ (wono)?)

斧 (canonical)
斧 (canonical)
ono (romanization)
wono (romanization)
をの (hiragana historical)
ヲノ (hiragana historical)

Man'yōshū
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Nihon Ryōiki
ja:斧

From Old Japanese. Logographically attested in the Man'yōshū as 斧, and phonetically attested in the Nihon Ryōiki with the man'yōgana spelling 乎乃. In turn, from Proto-Japonic *wənə.

斧 乎乃

1079, Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi, page 9 (back):

1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki:

Vono. ヲノ (斧) または、 Masacari. (鉞) 斧.

2008 March 15, “アックス・レイダー [Axe Raider]”, in STARTER(スターター) DECK(デッキ), Konami:

An axe-wielding warrior. He swings his axe with only one arm, yet he can deal quite some heavy blows.

オノを持つ戦士。片手でオノを振り回す攻撃はかなり強い。

Ono o motsu senshi. Katate de ono o furimawasu kōgeki wa kanari tsuyoi.


斧

Toyama, Nagano, Gifu, Shizuoka, Aichi (Nagoya), Tottori, Shimane (Izumo), Okayama (Takamatsu)

Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinsen Jikyō
Tokyo
ja:明治書院

Attested in the Shinsen Jikyō of circa 898–901 CE, with the man'yōgana spelling 与支. Presumably from Proto-Japonic, but the first attestation in Japanese is too late to precisely reconstruct the vowels. Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *yoki.
Despite widespread regional attestations, the lack of pitch accent information in standard Japanese could imply that this word is not used in modern standard Japanese.

(Ibaraki, Nagoya, Hyōgo, Shikoku, Kyūshū) a small hatchet

(obsolete or dialectal) a hatchet
(Yamanashi) a big hatchet

(southern Tōhoku, Kantō, Chūbu, Kansai, Shikoku, Kyūshū) an axe, a hatchet (in general)

a hatchet
an axe, a hatchet (in general)


churn

en-verb

churn (third-person singular simple present churns, present participle churning, simple past and past participle churned)

churns (present singular third-person)
churning (participle present)
churned (participle past)
churned (past)

Noun from Middle English chyrne, cherne, kyrne ( > Scots kirn), from Old English ċyrn, ċyrin, ċirin (“churn”), from Proto-Germanic *kirnijǭ (“churn”); verb from Middle English chyrnen from Old English ċernan, from Proto-Germanic *kirnijaną (“to churn, stir”), of unknown origin. Cognate with West Frisian tsjerne, Dutch karn, Walloon serene, German Karn, Kirne, Norwegian Bokmål kjerne, Danish kærne, Swedish kärna, Icelandic kirna.

der

(US, informal, finance, travel) To continually sign up for new credit cards in order to earn signup bonuses, airline miles, and other benefits.

(finance) To carry out wash sales in order to make the market appear more active than it really is.


churn

en-noun

churn (countable and uncountable, plural churns)

a butter churn

We notice by our exchanges that great efforts are being made throughout the western States especially, to palm off upon the farming public various kinds of patent churns, or to induce many mechanics to give large sums for the Right to manufacture the same—while in a majority of cases, we believe, the articles are absolutely worthless, or inferior to older kinds that might be procured for less money. We have repeatedly cautioned our readers against purchasing these new fangled churns until after they have been more fully tested; and we are happy to know that our remarks have saved not a few of our friends from imposition. To set this matter in a clearer light before our readers, we will glance at a few of the different churns, now most prominently before the public—some valuable, some useless.

1849 January 15, “A Glance at Patent Churns”, in Ohio Cultivator: Devoted to Agriculture, Horticulture and Domestic Economy, volume 5, number 2, page 17:

A vessel used for churning, especially for producing butter.

As the ends of the up and down platforms are not opposite each other, it is not possible to provide the ordinary type of barrow crossing, and the full churns were too heavy to be man-handled up and down the stairs of the footbridge.

1951 October, “The Why and the Wherefore: Milk Platform at Beccles”, in Railway Magazine, page 717:

In the old days, milk trains consisted entirely of vans loaded with ten-gallon churns. When filled, these churns weigh 130 lb. each and their manipulation is an art. [...] Like the tank wagons, the churns are dairy property, but farmers often have other ideas, and find their own uses for them—it has not been unknown for dairy inspectors to find missing churns tucked away in an unsuspected corner of a farmhouse, filled to the brim with banknotes!

1959 March, R. C. Riley, “Home with the milk”, in Trains Illustrated, page 155:

A milk churn (container for the transportation of milk).


桛

A 国字 (kokuji, “Japanese-coined character”).


桛

clipping of 桛糸 (kaseito, “reeled thread”)

clipping of 桛車 (kasekuruma, “a skein-winder; a rotating tool for winding thread into skeins or winding it onto reels”)


楔

wedge (a simple machine, a tapered object for insertion into narrow gaps to split, expand, or secure the surrounding material)


槌

Extended shinjitai
Nihon Shoki
Shinjitai
four-toothed whale
ja:槌

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.

a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) featuring a traditional Japanese hammer design


file

From Middle English file, fyle, from Old English fēl, fēol (“file”), from earlier fīil, from Proto-Germanic *finhlō, *finhilō (“file, rasp”), from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- (“to adorn, form”). Cognate with West Frisian file (“file”), Dutch vijl (“file”), German Feile (“file”).

der

A tool consisting of a strip or rod of hardened and coarse metal, used for removing sharp edges, shaping, and cutting, especially through metal; usually a hand tool.


矩

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʷaʔ): semantic 矢 + phonetic 巨 (OC *ɡaʔ). The arrow is a stylization of a man with spread arms and/or holding the carpenter's square, 大.
; “(physics) moment”

Han compound

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) carpenter's square


砧

From 衣板 (kinuita, literally “clothes board”), with elision of the i; see 衣 and 板 for more on the components.

a fulling block, a wooden or stone block used to beat fabric smooth as it dried


筴

(archaic) tongs; chopsticks; tweezers; pincers


箕

From Old Japanese 箕 (mi₂), perhaps from earlier Proto-Japonic *mui, which was loaned into Ainu ムイ (mui) and possibly Proto-Ryukyuan *m(u)i, whence Kunigami 箕笊筒 (muijōkī) and Miyako 箕 (mui). In the Man'yōshū, this was used to phonetically write Old Japanese ⟨mi₂⟩.
This word had once referred to a squared winnowing basket which originated in northern China and was imported to Japan from Korea. However, the exact source of this word is unknown.

箕 説文云箕［音姫和名美］除糞簸米之器也

938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō:

Winnow. [In the] Shuowen Jiezi it is written (lit. say[s]) as 箕 (The [Chinese] reading (lit. sound) is ki; the Japanese reading is mi). [This means] an object used to remove rice by fanning/winnowing.

Mi. VI. Mino toqi. Das oito ate ai dez

MI. n. A shallow basket used for cleaning rice.

1873, James Curtis Hepburn, Japanese-English and English-Japanese Dictionary, page 164:


箕

(Chinese astronomy) the Winnowing Basket (constellation), one of the 28 mansions


臼

Kojiki
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Yamagata dialect

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. From Proto-Japonic *osu. Compare Yamagata Japanese おす (osu).


cop

cops (nominative plural)
cop (nominative singular)
cops (nominative plural)
copa (genitive singular)
copas (genitive plural)
cope (dative singular)
copes (dative plural)
copi (accusative singular)
copis (accusative plural)
o cop! (singular vocative)
o cops! (plural vocative)
copu (predicative singular)
copus (plural predicative)


鄂

→ English: E, O

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ŋaːɡ): phonetic 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ) + semantic 阝 (“area”).


針

⟨pari⟩ → /ɸaɾi/ → /haɾi/
From Old Japanese 針 (pari).

any slender, pointed object resembling or similar in use to a needle:


針

/ɕim/ → /ɕimʉ/ → /ɕiɴ/
From Middle Chinese 針 (MC tsyim|tsyimH).


鉞

鉞 (canonical)
etsu (romanization)
wetu (romanization)
ゑつ (hiragana historical)

(historical) an ancient Chinese bronze battle-axe


鋏

Originally the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 鋏む (hasamu, “to be tightly between two things, to be inserted in between””), itself apparently deriving from hasa (“narrowness between other things”, likely cognate with 細 (hoso), “skinny, narrowness within the thing itself”) + auxiliary suffix む (mu, “to be or become like something”).
Cognate and homophonic with 挟, 挿 (hasami): “being stuck in between other things”.

空鋏

working a pair of scissors to make the sound of cutting, without actually cutting anything

木鋏

long shears for pruning, such as for a hedge

銀葉鋏

tweezers for holding silver leaf in traditional Japanese incense

唐鋏

western-style scissors, with a pivot in the center and forming an X shape

握り鋏

traditional Japanese shears, with a join at the back end and forming a U shape

鋏を入れる

to put the scissors in → to cut with scissors; to punch a ticket; to trim vegetation or hair

螯, ハサミ: (zootomy) pincers, claws, or chela as found on a crab, lobster, or other arthropod

a punch as used to make a hole in a piece of paper


鋏

Probably originally an abbreviation of synonym yattokobasami, with the yattoko portion possibly an alteration of 焼き床 (yakidoko, “the cooking bed of an oven, or the firing bed of a kiln”, possibly formerly read as yakitoko, literally “burning or cooking bed”), perhaps used as a dialect word referring to the forge; compare 火床 (hidoko, “hearth; a firepit, such as beneath a boiler”, literally “fire bed”).

pincers, nippers, pliers, tongs, or grippers, specifically those used to hold a metal object being worked in blacksmithing


鋏

(rare) pincers, nippers, pliers, tongs, or grippers, more specifically those used to hold a metal object being worked in blacksmithing


鋏

鋏 (canonical)
kyō (romanization)
kefu (romanization)
けふ (hiragana historical)

/kepu/ → /keɸu/ → /keu/ → /kjoː/
From Middle Chinese 鋏 /铗 (kiɛp, “tongs, pincers”). Compare modern Cantonese reading gaap³.

鋏角

chelicera, the mouthpart of certain arthropods such as spider


鋤

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zra): semantic 金 + phonetic 助 (OC *zras).


鋸

鋸 (canonical)
鋸 (canonical)
nokogiri (romanization)

2000 June 23, “インセクション [Insection]”, in Booster(ブースター) R1, Konami:

In addition to the saw on its head, a stag beetle also has saws on its arms.

頭のノコギリの他に、腕もノコギリになっているクワガタ。

Atama no nokogiri no hoka ni, ude mo nokogiri ni natte iru kuwagata.


錐

a pointy tool used to make holes, such as a drill, a gimlet, an auger or an awl


錘

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *dol, *dols, *du): semantic 金 + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol).

Han compound

锤
*鎚
捶
𨭇
𨪼
𨫻

(literally, figuratively) to hammer into shape; to forge

(Mainland China slang) concrete evidence; hard proof


鍬

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 秋 (OC *sʰɯw) – a metal shovel.

锹
鍫
喿
鐰
銚
橾
𣂁


yumi

a gourd used for gathering river-water to use to make manioc beer


鑷

→ Tai:

→ Vietnamese: nhíp

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *neb): semantic 金 + phonetic 聶 (OC *neb).
Probably from the same word family as 入 (OC *njub, “to enter”) (STEDT); see there for more.


鑿

Sino-Xenic (鑿):
* → Vietnamese: tạc (鑿)

/t͡sɔːk̚²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰak̚¹²¹/

/t͡sɔːk̚²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰak̚¹²¹/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿.
Compare Burmese ဆောက် (hcauk, “chisel”) (Schuessler, 2007) from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzawk, as well as perhaps Burmese စိုက် (cuik, “to plant”) (STEDT).

Han compound

凿
丵
鈼
𣫞
𣪲
䥣
𨰒
𦦹
𣫩
𨖐
⿱作金


鞆

A protective equipment for Japanese archery, similar as a wristband, equipped on inner side of left hand.


鞴

鞴 (canonical)
fuigō (romanization)
fuigau (romanization)
ふいがう (hiragana historical)


鞴

ja-noun

鞴(ふきがわ) • (fukigawa) ^(←ふきがは (fukigafa)?)

鞴 (canonical)
fukigawa (romanization)
fukigafa (romanization)
ふきがは (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟kʲiɡa̠β̞a̠]

Compound of 吹(ふき) (fuki, “blowing”) + 革(かわ) (kawa, “leather”). The kawa changes to gawa as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


鳶

鳶 (canonical)
鳶 (canonical)
tobi (romanization)
とび (hiragana historical)

Perhaps from 飛び (tobi, “flying”, stem form of 飛ぶ (tobu, “to fly”)).

Milvus migrans
Milvus migrans#Translingual

short for 鳶口 (tobi-guchi, “a fire hook”)

short for 鳶の者 (tobi no sha, “a construction worker, an Edo period fireman”)

鳶の者

short for 鳶色 (tobi iro, “kite-wing brown”)


鳶

ja-noun

鳶(とんび) or 鳶(トンビ) • (tonbi) ^(←とんび (tonbi)?)

鳶 (canonical)
鳶 (canonical)
tonbi (romanization)
とんび (hiragana historical)

someone who steals things from the front of a house or shop as they pass by

short for 鳶合羽 (tonbi-kappa, “a caped overcoat”)


bolt

→ Irish: bolta

→ Japanese: ボルト (boruto)

→ Maltese: bolt

desctree

→ Russian: болт (bolt)
→ Azerbaijani: bolt
→ Ingrian: boltta

→ Scottish Gaelic: bolta

From Middle English bolt, from Old English bolt, from Proto-West Germanic *bolt, from Proto-Germanic *bultaz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeld- (“to knock, strike”). Compare Lithuanian beldu (“I knock”), baldas (“pole for striking”). Akin to Dutch and West Frisian bout, German Bolz or Bolzen, Danish bolt, Swedish bult, Icelandic bolti.

der

mechanical engineering
mechanical engineering

(military, mechanical engineering) A sliding mechanism to chamber and unchamber a cartridge in a firearm.


bolt

en-verb

bolt (third-person singular simple present bolts, present participle bolting, simple past and past participle bolted)

bolts (present singular third-person)
bolting (participle present)
bolted (participle past)
bolted (past)

I hate when vice can bolt her arguments.

1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC, page 26, line 760:

To utter precipitately; to blurt or throw out.


bolt

From Middle English bulten, from Anglo-Norman buleter, Old French bulter (modern French bluter), from a Germanic source originally meaning "bag, pouch" cognate with Middle High German biuteln (“to sift”), from Proto-Germanic *buzdô (“beetle, grub, swelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰūs- (“to move quickly”). Cognate with Dutch buidel.

der

The combination, in a flour bolt, of a reel head having a throat near its outer edge for the passage of the tailings and a series of revolving adjustable beaters, substantially as set forth.

1885, Canada. Patent Office, The Canadian Patent Office Record and Register of Copyrights and Trade Marks, page 279:

We have a number of these reels in different mills that are bolting the break flour direct from the scalping reels and scalped through No. 8 cloth. […] Now, gentlemen, they require a much less number to do a given amount of work than any other known machine or bolt, and require less space and power.

As the material is agitated by the motion of the bolt, the flour falls through, while the smaller particles of bran are taken up by the current of air and carried off.

1896, United States. Patent Office, Decisions of the Commissioner of Patents and of the United States Courts in Patent and Trade-mark and Copyright Cases., page 493:

A sieve, especially a long fine sieve used in milling for bolting flour and meal; a bolter.


lu

From Proto-Kenyah *lu, from Proto-North Sarawak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qahəlu, from Proto-Austronesian *qaSəlu (“pestle”).


tu

From Proto-Kuki-Chin [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu. Cognates include Burmese တူ (tu) and Chinese 錘 /锤 (chuí).


spade

→ Scottish Gaelic: spaid

→ Fiji Hindi: sipi

From Middle English spade, from Old English spada, spade, spadu (“spade”), from Proto-Germanic *spadô. Doublet of spatha, spathe, and épée.

call a spade a spade and a shovel a shovel

'Make your mind easy,' Ratsey said; 'I have dug too often in this graveyard for any to wonder if they see me with a spade.'

[1898], J[ohn] Meade Falkner, Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape, published 1934, →OCLC:

"[...] And not a single spade has gone in the ground - not a single mile of track built."

2021 October 6, Paul Stephen, “Network News: Labour: build HS2 and NPR and end "paper promises"”, in RAIL, number 941, page 25:

A garden tool with a handle and a flat blade for digging. Not to be confused with a shovel which is used for moving earth or other materials.


spade

English: spade

Scots: spade, spaid

Yola: spaade


spade

spade m (definite singular spaden, indefinite plural spader, definite plural spadene)

spaden (definite singular)
spader (indefinite plural)
spadene (definite plural)

From Middle Low German spade and Old Norse spaði, jarnspaði.

kalle en spade for en spade


spade

spade m (definite singular spaden, indefinite plural spadar, definite plural spadane)

spaden (definite singular)
spadar (indefinite plural)
spadane (definite plural)
spåddå (alternative)
spa (alternative dialectal)

kalle ein spade for ein spade


tool

toles (plural)
tolen (plural)
tole (alternative)
tol (alternative)
toole (alternative)

English: tool

Scots: tuil

From Old English tōl, from Proto-Germanic *tōlą.


baba

babka (diminutive)
baba (nominative singular)
baby (nominative plural)
baby (genitive singular)
bŏb (genitive plural)
babōw (genitive plural)
babie (dative singular)
babōm (dative plural)
babã (accusative singular)
baby (accusative plural)
babōm (instrumental singular)
babami (instrumental plural)
babōma (instrumental plural)
babie (locative singular)
babach (locative plural)
babo (singular vocative)
baby (plural vocative)

pile driver (machine for forcing a pile, a long beam, into the ground)

(forging) small anvil for striking a scythe or a sickle


razor blade

razor blades (plural)
razorblade (alternative)
razor-blade (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-razor blade.wav

A thin piece of steel with a sharp edge that can be fitted into a razor.

en:cartridge comprising blades for shaving razor

A replaceable cartridge in which razor blades are set, fitted into a razor.

en:blade for utility knife, loosely equated

(loosely) A thin interchangeable blade for a utility knife (especially, that of a Stanley knife) that is similar to a razor blade stricto sensu (in size, thinness, and sharpness).


razor blade

en-verb

razor blade (third-person singular simple present razor blades, present participle razor blading, simple past and past participle razor bladed)

razor blades (present singular third-person)
razor blading (participle present)
razor bladed (participle past)
razor bladed (past)

In the razor blade tests DeVries conducted the person who was razor blading it before cure was exactly the same person that was doing it after cure.

1988, Certain High Intensity Retroreflective Sheeting, Inv. 337-TA-268, page 374:

It's unlikely that anyone will razor blade your pack open inside a hotel, but light fingers may, occasionally, dip into unlocked luggage.

1991, Rob Rachowiecki, Peru: A Travel Survival Kit, page 185:

I was the last man aboard. The last to feel her as a living vessel before she became a steel hulk and was razor bladed.

2019, Simon Quail, Gangway: A Life at Sea, page ii:

To those of us living in democracies today, the image of my father sitting at home and razor blading out a page to glue in the newly updated replacement might seem ridiculous.

2020, Natan Sharansky, Gil Troy, Never Alone: Prison, Politics, and My People:


fork

Sranan Tongo: forku

→ Dutch: fork

→ Japanese: フォーク (fōku)

→ Kannada: ಫೋರ್ಕ್ (phōrk)

→ Korean: 포크 (pokeu)

→ Maori: paoka

→ Tamil: போர்க் (pōrk)

→ Telugu: ఫోర్క్ (phōrk)

From Middle English forke (“digging fork”), from Old English force, forca (“forked instrument used to torture”), from Proto-West Germanic *furkō (“fork”), from Latin furca (“pitchfork, forked stake; gallows, beam, stake, support post, yoke”), of uncertain origin. The Middle English word was later reinforced by Anglo-Norman, Old Northern French forque (= Old French forche whence French fourche), also from the Latin. Doublet of fourche and furcate. Cognate also with North Frisian forck (“fork”), Dutch vork (“fork”), Danish fork (“fork”), German Forke (“pitchfork”). Displaced native gafol, ġeafel, ġeafle (“fork”), from Old English.
In its primary sense of “fork”, Latin furca appears to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerk(ʷ)-, *ǵʰerg(ʷ)- (“fork”), although the development of the -c- is difficult to explain. In other senses this derivation is unlikely. For these, perhaps it is connected to Proto-Germanic *furkaz, *firkalaz (“stake, stick, pole, post”), from Proto-Indo-European *perg- (“pole, post”). If so, this would relate the word to Old English forclas pl (“bolt”), Old Saxon ferkal (“lock, bolt, bar”), Old Norse forkr (“pole, staff, stick”), Norwegian fork (“stick, bat”), Swedish fork (“pole”).

tienhaara

figurative: point in time of making a decision

afsplitsing

computer science: splitting of a process

odnož

computer science: copying and separately developing a project

bifurcació

computer science: a separately developed project based upon a copy of an existing project

a three-prong spear somewhat resembling a pitchfork

Any of several types of pronged (tined) tools (physical tools), as follows:

A utensil with spikes used to put solid food into the mouth, or to hold food down while cutting.

Any of several types of pronged tools for use on farms, in fields, or in the garden or lawn, such as a smaller hand fork for weeding or a larger one for turning over the soil.

Such a pronged tool having a long straight handle, generally for two-handed use, as used for digging, lifting, mucking, pitching, etc.


secure

securi (plural)
secure (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
securea (accusative definite nominative singular)
securi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
securile (accusative definite nominative plural)
securi (indefinite singular)
securii (definite singular)
securi (indefinite plural)
securilor (definite plural)
secure (singular vocative)
secureo (singular vocative)
securilor (plural vocative)
săcure (alternative archaic)

Inherited from Latin secūris, secūrem. Compare Italian scure.


plane

→ Irish: plána

From Latin plānum (“flat surface”), a noun use of the neuter of plānus (“plain”). The word was introduced in the 17th century to distinguish the geometrical senses from the other senses of plain. Doublet of llano, piano, and plain.

հարթություն

geometry: flat surface extending infinitely in all directions

A roughly flat, thin, often moveable structure used to create lateral force by the flow of air or water over its surface, found on aircraft, submarines, etc.


plane

From Middle English plane, plaine, from Anglo-Norman plaine, from Late Latin plāna (“planing tool”).

(countable, carpentry) A tool for smoothing wood by removing thin layers from the surface.


nail

en-verb

nail (third-person singular simple present nails, present participle nailing, simple past and past participle nailed)

nails (present singular third-person)
nailing (participle present)
nailed (participle past)
nailed (past)

From Middle English naylen, from Old English næġlan.

Wikipedia disambiguation page on both meanings of nail

Nail in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

I pray you now send me some dub, / A bottle or two to the needy. / I beg you won't bring it yourself, / The harman is at the Old-Bailey; / I'd rather you'd send it behalf, / For, if they twig you they'll nail you.

1765, “A Song in High Life”, in The Merry Medley, volume 1, London: W. Hoggard, page 35:

Military Intelligence seems to be on the spot in a quiet sort of way. I just met a G-2 slue-foot and he was a most efficient guy! They're keeping low, I think, until they nail their man.

1943 October 9, The Australian Women's Weekly, page 3, column 4:

Dammit, John, I'm tired of this 'Demolition Man' stuff! […] Now, I know you've been trying to nail this psycho for two years, but try remembering a little thing called official police procedure.

1993, Peter M. Lenkov, Robert Reneau, Daniel Waters, Demolition Man, spoken by Captain Healy (Steve Kahan):

we'll nail the sophist to it, if we can get him on that charge;

2005, Lesley, transl. Brown, Sophist, 261a, translation of original by Plato:


pat

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *pahət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqət (“chisel”).


pat

Inherited from Proto-Philippine [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqət.


pat

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqət.


tap

The noun is derived from Middle English tappe (“hollow device for controlling the flow of liquid from a hole, cock, faucet, spigot; hole through which the liquid flows; the liquid which thus flows”), from Old English tæppa, from Proto-West Germanic *tappō, from Proto-Germanic *tappô (“a plug, tap; peg; tapering stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂p- (“to lose; to sacrifice”). Doublet of tapa.
The verb is derived from Middle English tappen (“to obtain (liquid, chiefly liquor) from a tap; to obtain and sell (liquor)”), from Old English tæppian (“to provide (a container) with a stopper; to obtain (liquid) from a tap”), and then either:
* from Old English tæppa (see above) + -ian (suffix forming verbs); or
* from Proto-Germanic *tappōną, from *tappô (noun) (see above).
Verb sense 1.3.5 (“to turn over (a playing card or playing piece) to remind players that it has already been used in that round”) alludes to the abilities or resources of the card or piece having been drawn on to the point of temporary exhaustion: see verb sense 1.3.2.

inh

We drilled a hole and then cut the threads with the proper tap to match the valve’s thread.

To fit the Pin therefore to a true ſize, I in my Practiſe uſe to try into vvhat Hole of the Screvv Plate, the Tap or place of the Tap, (if it be a tapering Tap,) I make the Nut vvith vvill juſt ſlide through; […] But if the Screvv-Tap have no Handle, then it hath its upper end Filed to a long ſquare, to fit into an hollovv ſquare, made near the Handle of the Screvv-Plate: Put that long ſquare hole over the long ſquare on the top of the Tap, and then by turning about the Screvv-Plate, you vvill alſo turn about the Tap in the Hole, and make Grooves and Threds in the Nut.

1678 January 11 – February 11 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Moxon, “Numb[er] II. Applied to the Making of Hinges, Locks, Keys, Screws and Nuts Small and Great.”, in Mechanick Exercises, or The Doctrine of Handy-Works, […], volume I, London: […] Joseph Moxon, published 1683, →OCLC, page 31:

(mechanics) A cylindrical tool used to cut an internal screw thread in a hole, with cutting edges around the lower end and an upper end to which a handle is fitted to turn the tool.


tap

en-noun

tap (countable and uncountable, plural taps)

The verb is derived from Middle English tappen, teppen (“to give (something) a knock or tap; to hit (something) lightly, pat, tap”), either:
* imitative of the making of a tapping sound; or
* from Old French tapper, taper (“to tap”) (modern French taper), from Frankish *tappōn, *dabbōn (“to strike”), or from Middle Low German tappen, tapen (“to rap, strike, tap”), both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dab- (“to strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰebʰ- (“to beat, strike; to stun; to be speechless”). Doublet of dab.
Verb sense 1.1.1 (“to arrest (someone)”) and sense 1.6 (“to choose or designate (someone) for a duty, etc.”) allude to a police officer or other person tapping someone on their shoulder to catch their attention or to select them.
The noun is derived from Middle English tap, tappe (“light blow or hit”), and then either:
* from Middle English tappen (verb) (see above); or
* from Old French tape (“light slap or touch, pat”) (modern French tape), from tapper, taper (verb) (see above).
Cognates
* German tappen (“to fumble; to grope”)
* Icelandic tappa, tapsa, tæpta (“to tap”)

der

(firearms, slang) A shot fired from a firearm.


screed

From Middle English screde [and other forms], a variant of shrede (“fragment, scrap; strip of cloth; strip cut off from a larger piece; band or thread woven into fabric; element, streak”) (whence shred (noun)), from Old English sċrēad, sċrēade (“a piece cut off; paring, shred”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudō (“a piece, shred; a cut, crack”), from *skraudaną (“to cut up, shred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”). The English word is cognate with Old Frisian skrēd. Doublet of escrow, scroll, and shred.

der

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-screed.wav

ферман

piece of writing or speech, especially if long

When applied to large surfaces, strips or screeds of wood should be fixed to float from; and when the plain surface is formed, it is finished with the handfloat.

1833, James Gallier, “Of Oil Mastic”, in The American Builder’s General Price Book and Estimator, […], New York, N.Y.: […] [Minard] Lafever and [James] Gallier, […] Stanley & Co., […], →OCLC, page 42:

The term Screed, in plastering, is a stile formed of lime and hair, about seven or eight inches wide, gauged exactly true. In floated-work these screed are made at every three or four feet distance, vertically round a room, and are prepared perfectly straight by applying the straight-edge to them to make them so; and when all the screeds are formed, the parts between them are filled up flush with lime and hair, or stuff, and made even with the face of the screeds. The straight-edge is then worked horizontally upon the screeds, to take off all superfluous stuff.

1841, Minard Lafever, “Plastering”, in The Modern Builders’ Guide, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: William D. Smith, →OCLC, page 104:

The use of timber battens as screeds makes it easy to get the floating coat flat. Getting a blemish-free skim coat is more difficult.

1991, Robert Matthews, “Plastering”, in Practical House Building: A Manual for the Selfbuilder, Leicester, Leicestershire: Blackberry Books, published 1998, →ISBN, page 77, column 1:

(construction, masonry) Senses relating to building construction and masonry.

A tool, usually a long strip of wood or other material, placed on a floor to be covered with concrete, a wall to be plastered, etc., as a guide for producing a smooth, flat surface.

майка

tool used as a guide for producing a smooth, flat surface

The screeds and vibrator on the machine finisher are set to give the proper surface elevation and produce a dense concrete. In most cases, there should be a sufficiently thick layer of mortar ahead of the screed to insure that all low spots will be filled. The vibrator follows the front screed and the rear screed is last. The rear screed should be adjusted to carry enough grout ahead of it to insure continuous contact between screed and pavement.

1973, T. W. Love, “Finishing Concrete”, in Construction Manual: Concrete & Formwork, Carlsbag, Calif.: Craftsman Book Company, published 2001, →ISBN, page 129:

A tool such as a long strip of wood or other material which is drawn over a wet layer of concrete, plaster, etc., to make it smooth and flat; also, a machine that achieves this effect; a screeder.

kalis

tool drawn over a wet layer to make it smooth and flat; machine that achieves this effect


tesla

tesla (nominative singular)
tesly (nominative plural)
tesly (genitive singular)
tesel (genitive plural)
tesle (dative singular)
teslám (dative plural)
teslu (accusative singular)
tesly (accusative plural)
teslo (singular vocative)
tesly (plural vocative)
tesle (locative singular)
teslách (locative plural)
teslou (instrumental singular)
teslami (instrumental plural)


tesla

tȅsla (canonical feminine)
те̏сла (Cyrillic)
tesla (nominative singular)
tesle (nominative plural)
tesle (genitive singular)
tesli (genitive plural)
tesli (dative singular)
teslama (dative plural)
teslu (accusative singular)
tesle (accusative plural)
teslo (singular vocative)
tesle (plural vocative)
tesli (locative singular)
teslama (locative plural)
teslom (instrumental singular)
teslama (instrumental plural)


pliers

→ Cebuano: playis

→ Tagalog: plais

→ Tok Pisin: plais

→ Yakan: palayes

I need a pair of pliers to get a good grip on that broken screw.

A pincer-like gripping tool that multiplies the strength of the user's hand, often used for bending things.

pincë

gripping tool which multiplies the strength of the user's hand