legislatio

la-noun

lēgislātiō f (genitive lēgislātiōnis); third declension

lēgislātiō (canonical feminine)
lēgislātiōnis (genitive)
lēgislātiō (nominative singular)
lēgislātiōnēs (nominative plural)
lēgislātiōnis (genitive singular)
lēgislātiōnum (genitive plural)
lēgislātiōnī (dative singular)
lēgislātiōnibus (dative plural)
lēgislātiōnem (accusative singular)
lēgislātiōnēs (accusative plural)
lēgislātiōne (ablative singular)
lēgislātiōnibus (ablative plural)
lēgislātiō (singular vocative)
lēgislātiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: legislació

→ English: legislation

→ French: législation

→ Galician: lexislación

→ Italian: legislazione

→ Norman: législâtion

→ Piedmontese: legislassion

→ Portuguese: legislação

→ Romanian: legislație

→ Spanish: legislación

Univerbation of lēgis (“of the law”) + lātiō (“carrying”), abstract noun of ferō (“to bear, to carry”).


quando

Univerbation of quam (“how, as”) + *dō (“then, until”), the second part being from Proto-Indo-European *doh₁, instrumental of *de.

univ

sī quandō...

(indefinite) ever, at any time, at some time, some day (especially following sī, num or ne)


quasi

Balkano-Romance:

Romanian: ca și

Italo-Dalmatian:

Italian: quasi

Old Venetan: asques (Trevignano), squasio

Sicilian: quasi, squasi

Gallo-Italic:

Old Lombard: quaxe

Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: quaix

Old Occitan: quaisses, cais

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: acais

→ Asturian: cuasi

→ Dutch: quasi

→ English: quasi

→ Esperanto: kvazaŭ

→ French: quasi

→ Galician: case

→ German: quasi

→ Portuguese: quase

→ Romanian: quasi, cvasi

→ Spanish: casi, cuasi

Univerbation of quam (“how, as”) + sī (“if”) with clitic shortening of the first vowel and iambic shortening of the second.

quasi praedam male divisisset

on that grounds that he had poorly divided the plunder


deinde

Aromanian: dindi, didindi

Venetan: dende (obsolete)

Provençal: den

Asturian: dende

Galician: dende

Spanish: dende (obsolete)

Dā mī bāsia mīlle, deinde centum...

Give me a thousand kisses, then a hundred...


adhuc

Aragonese: agún

Spanish: aún, aun

→ Catalan: àdhuc (learned)

Univerbation of the phrase ad hūc (“till here, till now”).

piscis adhūc illī populō sine fraude natābat,

A fish still swam without deception from those people,
and oysters were able to be safe in their own shells.


quoniam

→ Catalan: quòniam (learned)

4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Tobit 2:18

For we are the children of saints, and look for that life which God will give to those that never change their faith from him.

Quoniam fīliī sānctōrum sumus et vītam illam expectāmus quam Deus datūrus est hīs quī fidem suam numquam mūtant ab eō.


magnopere

la-adv

magnopere (comparative magis, superlative maximē or maximopere)

magis (comparative)
maximē (superlative)
maximopere (superlative)
magnō opere (alternative)

Univerbation of magnō + opere, literally “to a great extent, with great effort”.


etiam

desc

Judeo-Italian: אֵיצִיאַה (ʔeṣiʔah /ezia/)

→? Esperanto: eĉ (learned)

→ Interlingua: etiam (learned)

⇒ Italian: eziandio (etiam + diū)

Univerbation of et (“and, also”) + iam (“now, already”).

univ

(to annex a more important idea) and even, nay, even

(rare) with an adjective in the comparative degree, in contrast with that adjective’s own positive degree


ast

Probably a univerbation of at + est with subsequent contraction.

(law, protasis) but if, and if (in double stipulations)

(literary, often followed by a vowel) but, however, whereas

(literary) and then, forthwith, whereupon (followed immediately by a subject switch, normally a personal pronoun)


quomodo

quōmodo (canonical)
quō modō (alternative)
cōmodo (alternative)
cōmo (alternative)
quōmo (alternative)
quōmodī (alternative nonstandard)
comdī (alternative nonstandard)
quāmodī (alternative nonstandard)
quīmodī (alternative nonstandard)

>? Friulian: cemût

→ English: quomodo

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: cum

Romanian: cum

Italo-Romance:

Old Italian: como

Neapolitan: commo

Sicilian: comu

Padanian:

Istriot: cume

Romansch: co, cu

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: com

Occitan: coma

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: cómo

Catalan: com

Mirandese: cumo

Mozarabic: כם (km)

Old Galician-Portuguese: como (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: como, cuemo

Spanish: como, cómo

Papiamentu: komo

→ Interlingua: como

Insular Romance:

Old Sardinian: co

⇒? Vulgar Latin: *quōmodo mente

Old French: coment (see there for further descendants)

Sardinian: comenti

Sassarese: cumenti

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *kʷos
Proto-Italic *kʷoi
Latin quei
Latin quī
Latin quō
Proto-Indo-European *med-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *medos
Latin modus
Latin modō
Latin quomodo
Univerbation of quō (“what”, abl. sg.) + modō (“manner, way”, abl. sg.). /kō-/ variants first attested in Pompeii. /d/-less variants (through allegro-speech consonant elision or some kind of metanalysis) securely attested from mid-1st c. CE onwards. Forms in /-ī/ likely by analogy with cuius-/eiusmodī.

univerbation

† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated° Rare‡only used as a conjunction

At scīn' quōmodo?

Sed quōmodo dissimulabat!

in what condition or circumstances? how?

Used in warnings, threats and exclamations.


paulisper

Univerbation of paulīs (“a few, a little”, abl. pl.) + -per (“through”), originally a postpositional phrase.

Paulīsper manē.

c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 1.695

(temporal) a bit, a little (for only a brief period)


nolo

la-verb

nōlō (present infinitive nōlle, perfect active nōluī); irregular conjugation, suppletive, no passive, no gerund

nōlō (canonical)
irregular conjugation (canonical)
no passive (canonical)
no gerund (canonical)
nōlle (infinitive present)
nōluī (active perfect)
nōlō (active first-person indicative present singular)
nōn vīs (active indicative present second-person singular)
nēvīs (active indicative present second-person singular)
nōn vult (active indicative present singular third-person)
nōn volt (active indicative present singular third-person)
nēvolt (active indicative present singular third-person)
nōlumus (active first-person indicative plural present)
nōn vultis (active indicative plural present second-person)
nōn voltis (active indicative plural present second-person)
nōltis (active indicative plural present second-person)
nōlunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
nōlēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
nōlēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
nōlēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nōlēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
nōlēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
nōlēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
nōlam (active first-person future indicative singular)
nōlēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
nōlet (active future indicative singular third-person)
nōlēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
nōlētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
nōlent (active future indicative plural third-person)
nōluī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
nōluistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
nōluit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
nōluimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
nōluistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
nōluērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
nōluēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
nōlueram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
nōluerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
nōluerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
nōluerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
nōluerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
nōluerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
nōluerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
nōlueris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
nōluerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
nōluerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
nōlueritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
nōluerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
nōlim (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
nōlīs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
nōlit (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
nōlīmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
nōlītis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
nōlint (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
nōllem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
nōllēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nōllet (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nōllēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
nōllētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nōllent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nōluerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
nōluerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nōluerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nōluerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
nōluerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nōluerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nōluissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
nōluissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nōluisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nōluissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
nōluissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nōluissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nōlī (active imperative present second-person singular)
nōlīte (active imperative plural present second-person)
nōlitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
nōlitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
nōlitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
nōluntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
nōlle (active infinitive present)
nōlēns (active participle present)
nōluisse (active infinitive perfect)

Univerbation of ne- (“not”) + volō (“want”).

univerbation

T. Maccius Plautus, Stichus, or The Parasite Rebuffed

Abīre nōlumus.

Nōllem.

Nōllem factum.

Quod nōlim.

Which I must not do (loosely, which Heaven forbid).

Nōn nōlle.

Me nōlente.

Without my consent/Against my will (literally, with me being unwilling).

Alere nōlunt hominem edācem.

to be unwilling, to not wish, to not want, to refuse


nondum

Univerbation of nōn (“not”) + dum (“while, as, as long as”).

Videō barbam et pallium; philosophum nōndum videō.

I see a beard and cloak; I do not yet see a philosopher.


respublica

la-noun

rēspūblica f (genitive reīpūblicae); fifth declension

rēspūblica (canonical feminine)
reīpūblicae (genitive)
rēspūblica (nominative singular)
rēspūblicae (nominative plural)
reīpūblicae (genitive singular)
rērumpūblicārum (genitive plural)
reīpūblicae (dative singular)
rēbuspūblicīs (dative plural)
rempūblicam (accusative singular)
rēspūblicās (accusative plural)
rēpūblicā (ablative singular)
rēbuspūblicīs (ablative plural)
rēspūblica (singular vocative)
rēspūblicae (plural vocative)
rēs pūblica (alternative)
rēs p. (alternative abbreviation)

→ Aragonese: republica

→ Asturian: república

→ Belarusian: рэспу́бліка (respúblika)

→ Basque: errepublika

→ Czech: republika

→ Catalan: república

→ Extremaduran: repúbrica

→ French: république (see there for further descendants)

→ Friulian: republiche

→ Galician: república

→ German: Respublica

desc

רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה

→ Hebrew: רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה (repúblika)

→ Hebrew: רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה (repúblika)

→ Old Italian: republica

Italian: repubblica, republica

→ Romanian: republică

→ Latvian: republika

→ Occitan: republica

→ Neapolitan: repubbreca

→ Norman: républyique

→ Piedmontese: repùblica

→ Polish: rzeczpospolita (calque)

→ Portuguese: república

→ Romansch: republica

→ Russian: респу́блика (respúblika) (see there for further descendants)

→ Sicilian: ripùbblica, ripùbbrica

→ Spanish: república

Ladino: republika, ריפובליקה

→ Tagalog: republika

→ Quechua: ripuwlika

→ Slovak: republika

→ Swedish: republik

→ Ukrainian: респу́бліка (respúblika)

→ Venetan: repùblica

→ West Frisian: republyk

Conlangs:

Esperanto: respubliko

Ido: republiko

Interlingua: republica

Volapük: repüblik

Univerbation of rēs + pūblica, literally “public interest”. Compare English commonwealth.


ain' tu

Univerbation of ais (“you say”) + -ne/-n (“focusing/interrogative enclitic particle”) + tū (“you”).

univ

are you saying...? what, really? indeed?


quemadmodum

Univerbation of quī (“what”) + ad (“according to”) + modus (“manner, way”), showing a type of fronting also known as the magnā cum laude-construction.


dehinc

Univerbation of dē (“down from”) + hinc, with apocope of + -ce and vowel contraction.

nēmō est quem jam dehinc metuam

There's nobody I'm going to be afraid of after this.

from here, from here on in, hence, henceforth, from this time on, in the future, at a later stage (in the story)

Eurum ad sē Zephyrumque vocat; dehinc tālia fātur:

He summons to himself Eurus and Zephyrus; thereupon he speaks such [words]: ….
(Pronounce “dehinc” as monosyllabic in this context.)

immediately afterward, afterwards, after that, thereafter, thereupon, then, next


nihilum

la-noun

nihilum n (genitive nihilī); second declension

nihilī (genitive)
nihilum (nominative singular)
nihila (nominative plural)
nihilī (genitive singular)
nihilōrum (genitive plural)
nihilō (dative singular)
nihilīs (dative plural)
nihilum (accusative singular)
nihila (accusative plural)
nihilō (ablative singular)
nihilīs (ablative plural)
nihilum (singular vocative)
nihila (plural vocative)
nīlum (alternative)
nichilum (alternative)

Univerbation of ne- + hīlum; both the lack of elision of the first vowel and the shortening of the second are unexpected.

Et possidebunt illam onocrotalus et ericius et ibis et corvus habitabunt in ea et extendetur super eam mensura ut redigatur ad nihilum et perpendiculum in desolationem

The bittern and ericius shall possess it: and the ibis and the raven shall dwell in it: and a line shall be stretched out upon it, to bring it to nothing, and a plummet, unto desolation. Isaias 34:11.

(of) no value (in the genitive singular)


nonnumquam

Univerbation of nōn (“not”) + numquam (“never”).


nonnihil

Univerbation of nōn (“not”) + nihil (“nothing”).


nihilominus

Univerbation of nihilō (“by nothing”) + minus (“less”).


proinde

Old Spanish: porende

Spanish: por ende

Old Galician-Portuguese: porende

Portuguese: porém

(in warnings, advising) so, for this reason, hence, therefore (sums up the previous argumentation)


praeterea

Univerbation of praeter (“besides”) + ea (“these things”). Compare German außerdem.


quispiam

la-adj

quispiam (feminine quaepiam, neuter quodpiam); relative/interrogative determiner with an indeclinable portion

quispiam (canonical)
relative (canonical)
quaepiam (feminine)
quodpiam (neuter)
quispiam (masculine nominative singular)
quaepiam (feminine nominative singular)
quodpiam (neuter nominative singular)
quīpiam (masculine nominative plural)
quaepiam (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cuiuspiam (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
quōrumpiam (genitive masculine plural)
quārumpiam (feminine genitive plural)
quōrumpiam (genitive neuter plural)
cuipiam (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
quibuspiam (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīspiam (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quempiam (accusative masculine singular)
quampiam (accusative feminine singular)
quodpiam (accusative neuter singular)
quōspiam (accusative masculine plural)
quāspiam (accusative feminine plural)
quaepiam (accusative neuter plural)
quōpiam (ablative masculine singular)
quāpiam (ablative feminine singular)
quōpiam (ablative neuter singular)
quibuspiam (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
quīspiam (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)


siquidem

Univerbation of sī (“if”) + quidem (“restricting particle”).


numquid

Univerbation of num (“whether, if”) + quid (“something”).

nunquid (alternative)
numquit (alternative)
nimquit (alternative Late-Latin proscribed)

Numquid nam tibi molestum est, gnāte mī, si haec nunc mēcum accubat?

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Numquid duās habētis patriās, an est ūna illa patria communis?

52 BCE – 51 BCE, Cicero, De legibus 2.4.15

… numquid Pompōnius istīs


parumper

Univerbation of parum (“a little”) + -per (“through”), originally a postpositional phrase.


aliquantisper

Univerbation of aliquantīs (“of some length or another”, abl. pl.) + -per (“through”), originally a postpositional phrase.

Nonius: Nam si illi, postquam rem paternam amiserant, egestate aliquantisper iactati forent...

c. 170 BCE, Caecilius Statius, Fallacia 511, 27

Nonius: For if they were to be flung about for a while by want after they had squandered their heritage...

for a moderate period of time; for a while, for a time, for some time


reapse

reāpse (canonical)
re apse (alternative)
reabse (alternative)
re abse (alternative)

Univerbation of rē + eāpse, older form of ipsā, later perhaps interpreted as ab sē. Eventually replaced/renewed by rē ipsā.

Idem istuc ipsa, etsī tū taceās, reāpse experta intellegō.

You don't need to tell me, I know that by my own personal experience.

Obiciuntur etiam saepe fōrmae, quae reāpse nūllae sunt, speciem autem offerunt.

Apparitions often present themselves, and though they have no real substance, they seem to have it.

in reality, in actual fact, in practice (as opposed to in imagination)


etiamsi

Univerbation of etiam (“yet”) + sī (“if”).


quandoquidem

quandō̆quidem (canonical)
quandō quidem (alternative)

Univerbation of quandō (“when, now that”) + quidem (“restricting particle”).

MENAECHMVS Līberem ego tē? MESSENIO Vērum, quandŏquidem, ere, tē servāvī... MEN. Quid est?

c. 200 BCE, Plautus, Menaechmi 5.7.line 1024, (trochaic septenarius)

MEN. I should free you? MES. Sure, seeing as I saved your life, master... MEN. What's that?

PAMPHILUS: Atque hoc cōnfiteor mihi / iūre obtigisse, quandōquidem tam iners tam nūllī cōnsilī sum.

166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 607–608

PAMPHILUS: And yet I admit that this has happened justly to me, since indeed I am so lazy, so lacking in good judgment.

Quandŏquidem et illī peccant, quōs minimē putēs, et […]

1st century CE, Phaedrus, Fabulae Aesopiae 3.10.52, (iambic senarius)

Since even those whom you would least expect are sometimes at fault, and […]

since, since indeed, seeing that, inasmuch as, because


subinde

Padanian:

Ladin: suvënz, suënz

Piedmontese: soens, svens, sovens

Romansch: savens

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: sovent

Old French: sovent, suvent

French: souvent

→ Italian: sovente

Walloon: sovint

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: sovent

Catalan: sovint, sovent

Gascon: soent, soenh

Occitan: sovent


quorsum

Univerbation of quō + vorsum (archaic form of versum, versus).


manumitto

la-verb

manūmittō (present infinitive manūmittere, perfect active manūmīsī, supine manūmissum); third conjugation

manūmittō (canonical)
manūmittere (infinitive present)
manūmīsī (active perfect)
manūmissum (supine)
manūmittō (active first-person indicative present singular)
manūmittis (active indicative present second-person singular)
manūmittit (active indicative present singular third-person)
manūmittimus (active first-person indicative plural present)
manūmittitis (active indicative plural present second-person)
manūmittunt (active indicative plural present third-person)
manūmittēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
manūmittēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
manūmittēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
manūmittēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
manūmittēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
manūmittēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
manūmittam (active first-person future indicative singular)
manūmittēs (active future indicative second-person singular)
manūmittet (active future indicative singular third-person)
manūmittēmus (active first-person future indicative plural)
manūmittētis (active future indicative plural second-person)
manūmittent (active future indicative plural third-person)
manūmīsī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
manūmīsistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
manūmīsit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
manūmīsimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
manūmīsistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
manūmīsērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
manūmīsēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
manūmīseram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
manūmīserās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
manūmīserat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
manūmīserāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
manūmīserātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
manūmīserant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
manūmīserō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
manūmīseris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
manūmīserit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
manūmīserimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
manūmīseritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
manūmīserint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
manūmittor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
manūmitteris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
manūmittere (indicative passive present second-person singular)
manūmittitur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
manūmittimur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
manūmittiminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
manūmittuntur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
manūmittēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
manūmittēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
manūmittēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
manūmittēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
manūmittēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
manūmittēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
manūmittēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
manūmittar (first-person future indicative passive singular)
manūmittēris (future indicative passive second-person singular)
manūmittēre (future indicative passive second-person singular)
manūmittētur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
manūmittēmur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
manūmittēminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
manūmittentur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
manūmittam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
manūmittās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
manūmittat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
manūmittāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
manūmittātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
manūmittant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
manūmitterem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
manūmitterēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
manūmitteret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
manūmitterēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
manūmitterētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
manūmitterent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
manūmīserim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
manūmīserīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
manūmīserit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
manūmīserīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
manūmīserītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
manūmīserint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
manūmīsissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
manūmīsissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
manūmīsisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
manūmīsissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
manūmīsissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
manūmīsissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
manūmittar (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
manūmittāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
manūmittāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
manūmittātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
manūmittāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
manūmittāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
manūmittantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
manūmitterer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
manūmitterēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
manūmitterēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
manūmitterētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
manūmitterēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
manūmitterēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
manūmitterentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
manūmitte (active imperative present second-person singular)
manūmittite (active imperative plural present second-person)
manūmittitō (active future imperative second-person singular)
manūmittitō (active future imperative singular third-person)
manūmittitōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
manūmittuntō (active future imperative plural third-person)
manūmittere (imperative passive present second-person singular)
manūmittiminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
manūmittitor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
manūmittitor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
manūmittuntor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
manūmittere (active infinitive present)
manūmittī (infinitive passive present)
manūmittēns (active participle present)
manūmissūrum esse (active future infinitive)
manūmissum īrī (future infinitive passive)
manūmissūrus (active future participle)
manūmittendus (future participle passive)
manūmittundus (future participle passive)
manūmīsisse (active infinitive perfect)
manūmissum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
manūmissus (participle passive perfect)
manūmissum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
manūmissūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
manūmittendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
manūmittendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
manūmittendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
manūmittendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
manūmissum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
manūmissū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Catalan: manumetre

English: manumit, manumission

Galician: manumitir

Italian: manomettere

Portuguese: manumitir

Sicilian: manumèttiri

Spanish: manumitir

Univerbation of the ablative manū (“from the hand”) and mittō (“to send”) used together.


adhoc

Univerbation of ad + hōc, a variant of hūc (“to this place, hither”). Compare illōc/illūc.


tantisper

Univerbation of tantīs (“of such length, this much”, abl. pl.) + -per (“through”), originally a postpositional phrase.


viden

Univerbation of vidēs + ne with subsequent iambic shortening in pre-stressed position.

(expressive or ironic, usually with ut or another relative and indicative or subjunctive) do you see (how...)? would you look at that! see, behold, lo!


iuglans

la-noun

iūglāns f (genitive iūglandis); third declension

iūglāns (canonical feminine)
iūglandis (genitive)
iūglāns (nominative singular)
iūglandēs (nominative plural)
iūglandis (genitive singular)
iūglandium (genitive plural)
iūglandum (genitive plural)
iūglandī (dative singular)
iūglandibus (dative plural)
iūglandem (accusative singular)
iūglandēs (accusative plural)
iūglande (ablative singular)
iūglandibus (ablative plural)
iūglāns (singular vocative)
iūglandēs (plural vocative)
jūglāns (alternative)

→ English: juglans

→ Esperanto: juglando

Translingual: Juglans

[ˈjuː.ɡɫãːs]

A univerbation of Iovis glāns (“Jupiter's acorn”), from Proto-Italic *djouglānts. The compound is of Proto-Indo-European date, with parallels in Ancient Greek Διὸς βάλανος (Diòs bálanos, “sweet chestnut”), Armenian տկողին (tkoġin).


etiamdum

Italian: eziando

Univerbation of etiam (“yet”) + dum (“while”).

univ

(rare, chiefly after a negative) hitherto, even till now, still, yet


etiamtum

head

etiamtum (chiefly with imperfect tense verbs)

with imperfect tense verbs
etiamtunc (alternative)

Univerbation of etiam (“yet”) + tum (“then”).

univ

even then, till that time, till then, still


etiamtunc

head

etiamtunc (chiefly with imperfect tense verbs)

Univerbation of etiam (“yet”) + tunc (“then”).


manuteneo

la-verb

manūteneō (present infinitive manūtenēre, perfect active manūtenuī, supine manūtentum); second conjugation

manūteneō (canonical)
manūtenēre (infinitive present)
manūtenuī (active perfect)
manūtentum (supine)
manūteneō (active first-person indicative present singular)
manūtenēs (active indicative present second-person singular)
manūtenet (active indicative present singular third-person)
manūtenēmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
manūtenētis (active indicative plural present second-person)
manūtenent (active indicative plural present third-person)
manūtenēbam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
manūtenēbās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
manūtenēbat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
manūtenēbāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
manūtenēbātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
manūtenēbant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
manūtenēbō (active first-person future indicative singular)
manūtenēbis (active future indicative second-person singular)
manūtenēbit (active future indicative singular third-person)
manūtenēbimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
manūtenēbitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
manūtenēbunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
manūtenuī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
manūtenuistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
manūtenuit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
manūtenuimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
manūtenuistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
manūtenuērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
manūtenuēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
manūtenueram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
manūtenuerās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
manūtenuerat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
manūtenuerāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
manūtenuerātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
manūtenuerant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
manūtenuerō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
manūtenueris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
manūtenuerit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
manūtenuerimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
manūtenueritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
manūtenuerint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
manūteneor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
manūtenēris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
manūtenēre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
manūtenētur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
manūtenēmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
manūtenēminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
manūtenentur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
manūtenēbar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
manūtenēbāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
manūtenēbāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
manūtenēbātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
manūtenēbāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
manūtenēbāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
manūtenēbantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
manūtenēbor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
manūtenēberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
manūtenēbere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
manūtenēbitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
manūtenēbimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
manūtenēbiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
manūtenēbuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
manūteneam (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
manūteneās (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
manūteneat (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
manūteneāmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
manūteneātis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
manūteneant (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
manūtenērem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
manūtenērēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
manūtenēret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
manūtenērēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
manūtenērētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
manūtenērent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
manūtenuerim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
manūtenuerīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
manūtenuerit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
manūtenuerīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
manūtenuerītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
manūtenuerint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
manūtenuissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
manūtenuissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
manūtenuisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
manūtenuissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
manūtenuissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
manūtenuissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
manūtenear (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
manūteneāris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
manūteneāre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
manūteneātur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
manūteneāmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
manūteneāminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
manūteneantur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
manūtenērer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
manūtenērēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
manūtenērēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
manūtenērētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
manūtenērēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
manūtenērēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
manūtenērentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
manūtenē (active imperative present second-person singular)
manūtenēte (active imperative plural present second-person)
manūtenētō (active future imperative second-person singular)
manūtenētō (active future imperative singular third-person)
manūtenētōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
manūtenentō (active future imperative plural third-person)
manūtenēre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
manūtenēminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
manūtenētor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
manūtenētor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
manūtenentor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
manūtenēre (active infinitive present)
manūtenērī (infinitive passive present)
manūtenēns (active participle present)
manūtentūrum esse (active future infinitive)
manūtentum īrī (future infinitive passive)
manūtentūrus (active future participle)
manūtenendus (future participle passive)
manūtenuisse (active infinitive perfect)
manūtentum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
manūtentus (participle passive perfect)
manūtentum fore (future infinitive passive perfect)
manūtentūrum fuisse (active infinitive perfect potential)
manūtenendī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
manūtenendō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
manūtenendum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
manūtenendō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
manūtentum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
manūtentū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)
manu teneo (alternative)

Italo-Dalmatian:

Italian: mantenere

Sicilian: manutèniri

Venetan: mantegner

Rhaeto-Romance:

Ladin: mantenir

Gallo-Italic:

Piedmontese: manten-e

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: mantenir

Occitan: manténer, mantendre

desctree

Old French: maintenir
French: maintenir
→ Romanian: menține
→ Middle English: mayntenen
English: maintain
→ Cebuano: mintin, mintinar
→ Middle High German: hanthaben (calque)
German: handhaben
→ Middle Dutch: hanthaven
Dutch: handhaven
Afrikaans: handhaaf

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: mantener

desc

Old Galician-Portuguese: manteer, mantẽer

Galician: manter

Portuguese: manter

Spanish: mantener

→ Cebuano: mantinir

Borrowings:

→ Ido: mantenar

Univerbation of manū (“in/by the hand”) + teneō (“to hold”), one of the meanings being "to hold fast". Appears to underlie numerous Western Romance forms, but unknown in southern varieties and not attested in this use until the 11th century, therefore likely to be a calque of the Romance forms themselves.


Portucale

la-proper noun

Portucale n sg (genitive Portucalis); third declension

Portucalis (genitive)
Portucale (nominative singular)
Portucalis (genitive singular)
Portucalī (dative singular)
Portucale (accusative singular)
Portucale (ablative singular)
Portucale (singular vocative)
Portucalī (locative singular)
Portucale (locative singular)

Middle French: Portingal

desctree

→ Middle English: Portyngale, Portingal, Portingale, Portingalle, Portyngal, Portyngall, Portynggale
English: Portingal, Portingale

Old Galician-Portuguese: Portugal, Portogal, Portugale
Fala: Portugal
Galician: Portugal
Portuguese: Portugal (see there for further descendants)

Spanish: Portugal

Univerbation of Portus Cale (former name of what is now the city of Vila Nova de Gaia), from portus + Callus, which is disputed:
* From the name of the Gallaeci, a Celtic tribe of Iberia.
* From Latin calidus (“warm”).
* From Ancient Greek Καλλίς (Kallís, “Beautiful”), referring to the Douro valley; see καλός (kalós, “beautiful”).
* An Iberian pronunciation of Ancient Greek Γαῖα (Gaîa, “goddess of the Earth”).

cog

A city of Roman Lusitania now called Vila Nova de Gaia.


eccere

Univerbation of ecce (“look!”, interjection) + rē (“in fact”), ablative singular of rēs.

univerbation

there!, would you look at that!, what do you know?, here we go (calling attention to an event as a cause of some emotion)


oretenus

→ English: ore tenus

Univerbation of ōre tenus, literally “up to the mouth”


quantisper

Univerbation of quantīs (“how much, of what size”, abl. pl.) + -per (“through”), originally a postpositional phrase.

univerbation

Nonius: velim paulisper opperiri te. Quantisper? Non plus triduum

c. 180 BCE, Caecilius Statius, Ephesio 511, 30

Nonius: I might want to wait a short time. For how long you ask? For no more than three days.

(interrogative or relational): how long, for how long


siremps

sī̆remps (canonical)
sirempse (alternative)

Univerbation of obscure make-up. The last element as in ipse; the first could be sī, originally meaning "in this", but if so we'd find the spelling sei in such an old legal formula, which we don't.

1940, Marcus Valerius Probus, J. Baviera (ed.), Fontes Juris Romani Antejustiniani 3.1:PHI Latin Texts
Litterae singulārēs in iūre cīvīlī dē lēgibus et plēbīscītīs . … S·R·L·R·I·C·Q·O·R·E si rem lēx rē<s> ius causaque omnium rērum estō
… Let the legal and judicial powers in all things hold good exactly as if

(law, formulaic) in precisely the same way (usually followed by quasi sī)


nudiustertius

nū̆diū̆stertius (canonical)
nū̆diū̆s tertius (alternative)

desc

Neapolitan: nustierzu (“the day before yesterday”), nustersu, nustiersu, nnustierzu, nnustersu, lustierzu (Calabria)