on

apocopic form of onu; one, someone, they (indefinite personal pronoun)

onu

The pangendered forms are preferred to the gendered


el

head

el (plural eli, possessive elua, possessive plural elui)

eli (plural)
elua (possessive)
elui (plural possessive)


qua

Borrowed from French qui, que, Italian che, Spanish que, ultimately from Latin quī / quid.

Qua kamizo vu portos?


me

English language
French language
Italian language
Spanish language

From English me, French me, Italian me, Spanish me, from Proto-Indo-European *(e)me-, *(e)me-n- (“me”).

Me es tre felica.

Ka vu parolas a me?


ni

(personal) we (first-person plural personal pronoun)


ta

Ta kamizo esas verda.


ol

ol (plural oli, possessive olua, possessive plural olui)

oli (plural)
olua (possessive)
olui (plural possessive)


li

From lu (“he, him, she, her, it, that”) + -i (“-s; plural”).


lu

Back-formation from ilu (“he, him”), elu (“she, her”) and olu (“it”).

Me ne savas ka lu es viro o muliero.

I don't know if he/she is a man or a woman.

Third-person singular pronoun for referents of any gender; he/him, she/her, it or that


tu

Borrowed from English thou, French tu, German du, Italian tu, Spanish tú, Russian ты (ty), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ with + -u.

(informal, familiar) you (singular), thou


lo

Back-formation from co (“this”), to (“that”), based on la (“the”), ol (“it”).

Il esas mortinta de tri monati, e vu ne savas lo!

He's been dead for three months, and you didn't know it (that he's been dead for three months)!

referring to a previous sentence or phrase, i.e. a fact rather than an object; it, the


su

head

su (reflexive, possessive sua, possessive plural sui)

sua (possessive)
sui (plural possessive)

From Esperanto si, from French se, Italian sé, Spanish se, ultimately from Latin sē, from Proto-Indo-European *swé + -u (“personal pronoun ending”).

La soldati defensis su brave.

The soldiers defended themselves bravely.

self, oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves (reflexive pronoun, 3rd person, singular or plural)


il

il (plural ili, possessive ilua, possessive plural ilui)

ili (plural)
ilua (possessive)
ilui (plural possessive)


vu

Borrowed from French vous, Italian voi, Spanish vos, Russian вы (vy), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs, with the Ido ending + -u.


ita

Borrowed from English that, Russian тот (tot), та (ta), то (to), Latin iste. Formed after ica (“this”).

Ita kamizo esas verda.


quanta

Borrowed from Italian quanto, Spanish cuánto, ultimately from Latin quantus. In length also from English quantity, French quantité, German Quantität.

Quanta panon vu havas?

(interrogative pronoun) how much, how many


altro

From French autre, Italian altro, Spanish otro, from Latin alter, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élteros.


elu

Borrowed from French elle, Italian ella, Spanish ella (from Latin illa, feminine of ille) + -u (“denoting a person”).


nulo

From nula (“no, not any; nope”) + -o (“thing”).


onu

Borrowed from Esperanto oni, English one, French on, Spanish uno + -u + [Term?] (“denoting a person”).

io-bor

Onu povas vidar la steli en la nokto.

one, someone, they (indefinite personal pronoun)


ito

Yes, ma me kredas ke ito esas plu bona.

Yes, but I think that that (thing) is better.


quo

Quo eventis?

Ka tu povas helpar me decidar quo metar?


quala

Borrowed from French quel, Italian quale, Spanish cual, ultimately from Latin quālis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís.

Quala librin vu prizas lektar?

(interrogative pronoun) what sort of, what kind of, what a, like


olu

Based on ilu (“he, him”) and elu (“she, her”) + -u (“denoting a person”).


ico

Ico gustas tre bon!


ilu

Borrowed from French il, from Vulgar Latin *illī, which is related to Classical Latin ille, + -u (“denoting a person”).


kande

Borrowed from French quand, Italian quando, Spanish cuando, cuándo, ultimately from Latin quandō. kande instead of quande so not to interfere with quanta.

Kande vu pagos vua debaji?


irgu

Kad irgu volas helpar me?


irgo

Kad irgo funcionas?


kelko

Donez ad me kelko.


omnu

Omnu es felica.


omno

Omno es mea.


altru

altra (“other, another”) + -u (person pronominal suffix).


nulu

nula (“no, not any; nope”) + -u (“person”)


singlu

From singla (“each”) + -u (person pronominal suffix).

Omnu parolis, singlu en sua linguo.

Everyone spoke, each one in his/her own language.


olua

Third-person singular possessive pronoun for neuter non-subject referents; its.


kand

Kand el pagos sua debaji?


pro ti

Pro ti esas la cielo blua.

Because of those (reasons) is the sky blue.

alternative form of pro iti, plural of pro to


pro to

Pro to esas la cielo blua.