menos

Inherited from Old Spanish menos, inherited from Latin minus, comparative of parum.


el

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el (plural los, feminine la, feminine plural las, neuter lo)

los (plural)
la (feminine)
las (feminine plural)
lo (neuter)

masculine singular definite article; the


el

el alma, las almas

el hacha, las hachas

feminine singular definite article used before nouns which start with a stressed /a/:


mi

mi sg (first-person singular possessive singular, plural mis)

From Latin meus, when it was eliding before a vowel-initial word in speech.

(before the noun) Apocopic form of mío, my


tu

tu sg (second person singular possessive of singular, of plural tus)

of singular (possessive second-person singular)

From Latin tuus, from Proto-Indo-European *towos.

(before the noun) Apocopic form of tuyo, your


más

Inherited from Latin magis, whence also English master.

Teresa es la más inteligente de la clase.

Teresa is the most intelligent in her class.

la cosa más grande

(with definite article) most; -est (used to make superlatives)


su

su (third person possessive of singular, plural sus)

of singular (possessive third-person)
sus (plural)

Inherited from Latin suum, from Proto-Italic *sowos, from Proto-Indo-European *sewos, from *swé.

Vino con su amigo.

Habló a sus hijas.

(before the noun) Apocopic form of suyo his, her, its, one's, their, your (formal)

Pesa sus dos kilogramos.

(literally, “It weighs its two kilograms.”)

used to express an approximate number: about, approximately


todo

Inherited from Latin tōtus. Compare Catalan tot, French tout. Related to total, which was borrowed from Latin.

todo lo que dijiste

por todo

throughout, across, all over; for all; about everything


este

este m sg (demonstrative, feminine esta, neuter esto, feminine plural estas, masculine plural estos, neuter plural estos)

esta (feminine)
esto (neuter)
estas (feminine plural)
estos (masculine plural)
estos (neuter plural)

masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown

when the subject is plural and of mixed gender

Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity

Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to


mucho

Inherited from Old Spanish mucho, from Latin multus (“much, many”), from the Proto-Indo-European *ml̥tos (“crumbled, crumpled”, past passive participle). Compare the Portuguese muito (“much, many, a lot”). Unrelated to English much, which is related to archaic Spanish maño (“big”) (the second element in tamaño).


qué

¡Qué lástima!

¡Qué suerte!

¡Qué casa más bonita!

¡Qué mierda de tiempo!

(before a noun) what a; such (used as an intensifier)

¡Qué feo!

¡Qué alto!

¡Qué guay!

(before an adjective) how (used as a modifier to indicate surprise, delight, or other strong feelings)


qué

¿Qué ves?


cada

Inherited from Old Spanish cada, from Latin cata, from Ancient Greek κατά (katá).

Cada día alguien me habla de ti
intentando sacar el dolor de mi alma
Cada día alguien me habla de ti
intentando explicarme que ya no volverás

Every day someone speaks of you to me,
trying to quell the pain in my soul
Every day someone speaks of you to me,
trying to explain to me that you aren't coming back


poco

Inherited from Latin paucus, from Proto-Italic *paukos, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“few, little”). Compare French peu, Italian poco, Portuguese pouco.

der

hace poco

dentro de poco


aquel

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum ille, a compound of Latin eccum and ille.

(demonstrative) Alternative spelling of aquél


aquellas

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Philippines

Alternative spelling of aquéllas; those ones


aquellos

Alternative spelling of aquéllos; those ones (over there; implying some distance). The unaccented form can function as a pronoun if it can be unambiguously deduced as such from context.


otro

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otro m (plural otros, feminine otra, feminine plural otras)

otros (plural)
otra (feminine)
otras (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin alter, altera, alterum, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élteros. Compare Portuguese outro and French autre.

"Not again!" or "What, again?" (also Otra vez! or Otra vez?)


cuyo

cuyo m sg (feminine cuya, masculine plural cuyos, feminine plural cuyas)

cuya (feminine)
cuyos (masculine plural)
cuyas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish cuyo, from Latin cuius, genitive of quī (“who, which”, interrogative and relative pronoun). Secondarily developed grammatical agreement with the thing possessed, thereby becoming a determiner rather than a pronoun in the strict sense. The grammatical agreement is attested in Plautus and classical Latin texts, though uncommonly.

la mujer cuyos hijos son cocineros

En un lugar de la Mancha, de cuyo nombre no quiero acordarme […]

In some place of La Mancha, whose name I don't want to remember […]


cualquiera

From cual (“which”) + quiera (“it may want”).


alguno

alguno m (feminine alguna, masculine plural algunos, feminine plural algunas)

alguna (feminine)
algunos (masculine plural)
algunas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *alicunus, from Latin alĭquis (“someone”) + unus (“one”).
Cognate with French aucun, Italian alcuno, Galician algún, Portuguese algum.


cierto

cierto m sg (plural ciertos, feminine cierta, feminine plural ciertas)

ciertos (plural)
cierta (feminine)
ciertas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish cierto, from Latin certus.

Tiene cierta complejidad que no puedo explicar.

It has a certain complexity that I can't explain.


vuestro

vuestro m sg (possessive, plural vuestros, feminine vuestra, feminine plural vuestras)

vuestros (plural)
vuestra (feminine)
vuestras (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin vostrum, from vester, from Proto-Italic *westeros.


cuanto

cuanto m (plural cuantos, feminine cuanta, feminine plural cuantas)

cuantos (plural)
cuanta (feminine)
cuantas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin quantus, from Proto-Italic *kʷijentos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷíh₂onts (“how much, how many”), from *kʷíh₂, neuter of *kʷís.
Cognate with French quant, Italian quanto, Portuguese quanto, Romanian cât, Ashkun ćīt, Waigali kiti, Sanskrit कियत् (kíyat), Avestan 𐬗𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬧𐬙 (cuuaṇt).

inh

unos cuantos/unas cuantas

Coge unos cuantos.

(after “unos”) few; quite a few; a handful


dicho

Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico

Inherited from Latin dictus, dictum. In some Old Spanish texts, it originally appeared as decho; it was later altered with the influence of the -i- from conjugated forms of decir (e.g. digo, dice, diga, etc.).
Compare English dictum.


mío

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mío m sg (first person singular possessive of singular masculine, masculine plural míos, feminine mía, feminine plural mías)

of singular masculine (first-person possessive singular)
míos (masculine plural)
mía (feminine)
mías (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish myo, from Latin meus.

¿De quién son estos libros? — Son míos. Los tuyos están en la mesa.

Whose books are these? — They're mine. Yours are on the table.


mío

Ese libro grande es mío.

No es lo mío.

(predicative or after the noun) mine, my; of mine


nuestro

nuestro m sg (possessive, feminine nuestra, masculine plural nuestros, feminine plural nuestras)

nuestra (feminine)
nuestros (masculine plural)
nuestras (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin nostrum, from Proto-Italic *nosteros.

(royal) our, ours, to us (as the royal we)


tuyo

tuyo m sg (plural tuyos, feminine tuya, feminine plural tuyas)

tuyos (plural)
tuya (feminine)
tuyas (feminine plural)


cuál

¿Cuál es tu dirección?

(interrogative pronoun, as part of a question) what (in terms of a very specific item); which, which one


ninguno

ninguno m (feminine ninguna, masculine plural ningunos, feminine plural ningunas)

ninguna (feminine)
ningunos (masculine plural)
ningunas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Late Latin nec ūnus (“not even one”). Compare Portuguese nenhum, Catalan ningú.

inh+

No tengo ninguno más.


cuánto

From earlier quánto, from Latin quantus, from Proto-Italic *kʷijentos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷíh₂onts (“how much, how many”), from *kʷíh₂, neuter of *kʷís. Cognate with French quant, Italian quanto, Portuguese quanto, Romanian cât, Ashkun ćī́t, Waigali kiti, Sanskrit कियत् (kíyat), Avestan 𐬗𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬧𐬙 (cuuaṇt).

¿A cuánto están las naranjas?


cuánto

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cuánto m sg (plural cuántos, feminine cuánta, feminine plural cuántas)

cuántos (plural)
cuánta (feminine)
cuántas (feminine plural)

¿Cuántas hijas tienes?


sendos

Los dos novios llegaron con sendos ramos de flores.

Both boyfriends arrived (each) with a bunch of flowers.

La fruta y la verdura se colocaran por separado en sendos cajones.

Fruits and vegetables are (each) put separately in boxes.


aqueste

aqueste m (plural aquestos, neuter aquesto, feminine aquesta, feminine plural aquestas)

aquestos (plural)
aquesto (neuter)
aquesta (feminine)
aquestas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish aqueste (“this”), from Vulgar Latin *eccum iste, from Latin eccum with iste.


pechá

Qué pechá de comer nos hemos dado.

(slang) In the expression "Qué pechá de", followed by an infinitive Used to expressed that one is tired, fed up or content from doing something or something happening.


aquese

head

aquese (feminine aquesa, masculine plural aquesos, feminine plural aquesas)

aquesa (feminine)
aquesos (masculine plural)
aquesas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum ipse.


alguno que otro

Marineros, soldados, solteros casados

1988, Mecano, Un año más (written by Nacho Cano)

Cura despistao
(please add an English translation of this quotation)


algotro

algotro m (plural algotros, feminine algotra, feminine plural algotras)

algotros (plural)
algotra (feminine)
algotras (feminine plural)

(El Salvador, Andalusia, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, Venezuela) other, another