ich

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, iċċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”). See also ch-, I.

"Behold," she sayd, "and se How bright I am of ble! Ich am not cast away, That can my husband say, [...]"

My maysters, ich am an old man, and halfe blinde, […]

1561, John Awdelay, The fraternitye of vacabondes:

With cap and knee, ich will serve thee, what should ich more declare.

Kissyng and lying ich see is all one:
And chave no mony, chul tell true therfore.

1578, George Whetstone, The right, excellent and famous Historye of Promos and Cassandra:

Dost thinke 'chill labor to be poore, No no, ich haue a-doe..Ich will a plundering too.

1645, Thomas Davies, The Somersetshire Man's Complaint:

Ich, a Word us'd for I in the Weſtern Parts of England.

[1706, Edward Phillips, compiler, J[ohn] K[ersey the younger], “Ich”, in The New World of Words: Or, Universal English Dictionary. […], 6th edition, London: […] J. Phillips, […]; N. Rhodes, […]; and J. Taylor, […], →OCLC, column 2:


ich

Ich is one of the most common diseases of freshwater fish.

1996, Edward J. Noga, Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Iowa State University Press (2000), →ISBN, page 95:

(ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by ciliates of genus Ichthyophthirius.


ague

en-noun

ague (countable and uncountable, plural agues)

From Middle English agu, ague, borrowed from Middle French (fievre) aguë, “acute (fever)” (Modern French fièvre aiguë), from Late Latin (febris) acuta (“acute fever”), from Latin acūtus (“sharp, acute”) + febris (“fever”).
Doublet of acute.

Where I’m from, people have learned that mosquitoes carry ague.


malaria

malaria (countable and uncountable, plural malarias)

Borrowed from Italian malaria, formed from mal- (“bad”) and aria (“air”). Displaced native Old English unlyft (literally “bad air”).

ncog

(pathology) A disease spread by mosquito, in which a protozoan, Plasmodium, multiplies in blood every few days.


ciliate

(zoology) Any of many protozoa, of the phylum Ciliophora, that have many cilia (fine hairs).


cryptosporidium

From translingual Cryptosporidium (the genus name), from Latin crypto- (“hidden”) + sporidium (“spore”). From 20th century.

Alternative form: (abbreviation) crypto

Recall the outbreak of cryptosporidia gastroenteritis in Milwaukee in 1994.

1998, Richard M. Krause, “1: Introduction to Emerging Infectious Diseases; Stemming the Tide”, in Richard M. Krause, editor, Emerging Infections, Academic Press, page 9:

In Hungarian studies on the causes of diarrhea in kids younger than one month of age in large commercial dairy goat herds, cryptosporidia were isolated more frequently than rotavirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, or enterotoxigenic E. coli.

2009, Mary C. Smith, David M. Sherman, Goat Medicine, 2nd edition, Wiley (Wiley-Blackwell), page 438:

2020, Alexandra F. Freeman, Steven M. Holland, 53: Prevention and management of infections, Kathleen E. Sullivan, E. Richard Stiehm (editors), Stiehm's Immune Deficiencies: Inborn Errors of Immunity, Elsevier (Academic Press), 2nd Edition, page 1122,
Disorders associated with cryptosporidia include CD40 ligand deficiency, DOCK8 deficiency and IL-21 receptor deficiency.

Any protozoan of the genus Cryptosporidium, intestinal parasites of humans and other vertebrates that can cause diarrhea and other symptoms in cases of low immunity.


paramecium

en-noun

paramecium (plural paramecia or parameciums)

From Ancient Greek παραμήκης (paramḗkēs, “oval”), from μῆκος (mêkos, “length”).

uder

The sun beats on his eyelids; inside them a paramecium revolves. A blink and it changes pattern like a kaleidoscope.

1983, Robert Drewe, The Bodysurfers, Penguin 2009, page 144:

Edgar noticed that Clyde was wearing a necktie with a driblet design. The little figures made him think of paramecia, sinister organisms with gullets and feeding grooves.

1997, Don DeLillo, Underworld, 2003 edition, →ISBN, page 560:

An oval-shaped protozoan organism of the genus Paramecium.


toxoplasmosis

en-noun

toxoplasmosis (countable and uncountable, plural toxoplasmoses)

From French toxoplasmose, from translingual Toxoplasma + -osis.

Some profiles are particularly associated with severe toxoplasmoses, but this relationship is especially true for experimental infections in the murine model.

2001, P. Ambroise-Thomas, “Parasitic diseases and immunodeficiencies”, in F. E. G. Cox, L. H. Chappell, editors, Concomitant Infections, page 569:

In a study of treatment of the infected mother during pregnancy with spiramycin, pyrimethamine, and sulfonamides there was a significant reduction in the severity of congenital toxoplasmosis.

2008, Sarah J. Gaskill, Arthur E. Marlin, “74: Tuberculosis and Fungal and Parasitic Infections of the Central Nervous System”, in A. Leland Albright, Ian F. Pollack, P. David Adelson, editors, Principles and Practice of Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2nd edition, page 1189:

Like other Australian marsupial taxa, wombats appear particularly susceptible to toxoplasmosis due to exposure to the coccidian parasite Toxoplasma gondii.

2008, Larry Vogelnest, Rupert Woods, editors, Medicine of Australian Mammals, unnumbered page:

A disease, caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, that primarily affects felids, but also other mammals including humans.


alveolate

Borrowed from Latin alveolatus, from alveolus (“cavity”).

Having a structure containing honeycomb-like cavities.


alveolate

(biology) A member of a grouping of protists comprising the ciliates, sporozoa and dinoflagellates.


Texas fever

Cattle from Texas, themselves not showing signs of infection, spread this disease to the Midwestern United States.

(pathology) A tick-borne disease of cattle caused by the parasite Babesia bigemina.


apicomplexan

(biology) Describing protists of the phylum Apicomplexa.

apicomplexo

describing protists of the phylum Apicomplexa


dinoflagellate

From Dinoflagellata (phylum name), equivalent to dino- + flagellate.

Noctiluna scintillans, a tiny marine dinoflagellate, glows in the dark thanks to thousands of bioluminescent spherical organelles in its cytoplasm; gathered in millions, it can illuminate the whole sea at night.

2012, Caspar Henderson, The Book of Barely Imagined Beings, Granta Books, published 2013, page 31:

Any of many marine protozoa of the phylum Dinoflagellata, which have two flagella.

panssarilevä

any of many marine protozoa of the phylum Dinoflagellata


stentor

Borrowed from Latin Stentōr, from Ancient Greek Στέντωρ (Sténtōr), the name of a herald in the Iliad who had a loud voice.

Ere long a solitary amœba and stentor were found engaged in a struggle, which continued for some time with varying success, finally ending with the escape of the latter.

1894, James H. Logan, Observations on Amœba and Stentor: Western Druggist, volume 16, page 7:

When the stentors become too numerous it is a simple matter to subdivide the culture and add the requisite amount of spring water to each culture.

1943, The Biological Review, volumes 5-18, page 15:

It can be an irritant even for humans and is certainly toxic to tiny animals like stentor. He added carmine to the water tank in which the stentor was living, and simply watched to see what happened.

2004, Helen Saul, Phobias: Fighting the Fear, page 42:


dinophyte

From dino- (“whirling”) + -phyte (“plant”).


folliculinid

(biology) Any marine, ciliate protozoan of the family Folliculinidae.


suctorian

/sʌkˈtɔːɹɪən/

If the tentacles are touched, the ‘prey’ is instantly paralysed, and the contents of its body are sucked down the tentacle into the body of the suctorian, reducing the prey to a shrivelled husk in a matter of minutes.

2011, Terence Allen, Graham Cowling, The Cell: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 11:

A protist of the subclass Suctoria in the class Phyllopharyngea; a predatory sessile ciliate.


peritrich

(microbiology) A ciliate protozoan of the subclass Peritrichia.


ichthyophthiriasis

ichthyophthiriasis (usually uncountable, plural ichthyophthiriases)

(ichthyology) A parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by the ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.


zooxanthella

/zəʊəzanˈθɛlə/

From (deprecated) genus name Zooxanthella, from Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”) + ξανθός (xanthós, “yellow”) + -ella.

One genus, the zooxanthellae, live in symbiosis with tropical corals and other animals including clams, jellyfish and nudibranchs, providing in some cases as much as 90 per cent of the nutrients the anima needs in return for a safe home.

2012, Caspar Henderson, The Book of Barely Imagined Beings, Granta Books, published 2013, page 289:

The zooxanthellae produce carbohydrates, via photosynthesis, and the polyps harvest these carbohydrates, much as farmers harvest corn.

2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, chapter 7, in The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Henry Holt and Company:

Any of various typically yellow-brown dinoflagellates (originally grouped as genus Zooxanthella) now assigned to the genera Symbiodinium and Amphidinium, notably found in coral reefs.


spirotrich

Any of a large and distinctive group of ciliate protozoa, of the class Spirotrichea, typically with prominent oral cilia in the form of a series of polykinetids, called the adoral zone of membranelles, beginning anterior to the oral cavity and running down to the left side of the mouth.


hypotrich

Any of a group of ciliate protozoa, of the subclass Hypotrichia, included among the spirotrichs, mostly oval in shape with a rigid pellicle and isolated tufts of cirri on the ventral surface of the cell.


babesiosis

babesiosis (countable and uncountable, plural babesioses)

After the discoverer of the protozoa, Victor Babeș: Babesia + -osis.

(pathology) Any of several malaria-like parasitic diseases in humans and other animals caused by Babesia, a genus of protozoa


瘧疾

/ny̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ny̯ɛ⁵¹ d͡ʑ̥i¹/

/jœːk̚² t͡sɐt̚²/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sit̚⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sit̚²⁴/

/ɡiak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sit̚¹²¹/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɪk̚⁴/

/ɡiak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siɪk̚¹²¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɪk̚⁴/

/ny̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ny̯ɛ⁵¹ d͡ʑ̥i¹/

/jœːk̚² t͡sɐt̚²/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sit̚⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sit̚²⁴/

/ɡiak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sit̚¹²¹/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɪk̚⁴/

/ɡiak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siɪk̚¹²¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɪk̚⁴/


slipper animalcule

slipper animalcule (plural slipper animalcules)

Compare Finnish tohvelieläin, German Pantoffeltierchen, Japanese 草履虫 (zōrimushi), Swedish toffeldjur.


toxoplasma

toxoplasma (plural toxoplasmata or toxoplasmas)

toxoplasmata (plural)
toxoplasmas (plural)

To mingle with others of its kind and produce the next generation of eggs, toxoplasma must find its way to the gastrointestinal tract of a cat.

2007 June 26, Natalie Angier, “In Parasite Survival, Ploys to Get Help From a Host”, in New York Times:

All in all, toxoplasmata seem to be unpleasant but otherwise unimportant little critters, if you don't happen to be pregnant.

2015, Giulia Enders, translated by David Shaw, Gut, Scribe, published 2016, page 198:

Any member of the genus Toxoplasma of parasitic sporozoans.


theileriosis

theileriosis (countable and uncountable, plural theilerioses)

Any disease caused by Theileria parasites, transmitted by species of ticks.

East Coast fever, a disease of cattle, sheep, and goats caused by the parasite Theileria parva, transmitted by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus


babesiasis

babesiasis (countable and uncountable, plural babesiases)

(pathology) Alternative form of babesiosis


bell animalcule

bell animalcule (plural bell animalcules)

(zoology) Any microscopic eukaroyte of the genus Vorticella, common in freshwater bodies of water.


piroplasma

piroplasma (plural piroplasmas or piroplasmata)

piroplasmas (plural)
piroplasmata (plural)

From Latin pirum (“pear”) + Ancient Greek πλάσμα (plásma, “image, formation”).

uder

It has been known for some years past that Piroplasma in the digestive tube of an adult female tick can give rise to infection in the offspring of that female, so that one generation of ticks can acquire the parasites from cattle, and the next generation can transmit the disease to other cattle

1895, Entomological Pamphlets: Slingerland Collection.:

(epidemiology, microbiology) Babesia, a genus of hematozoa that invades the red blood cells of humans and domesticated animals such as dogs and sheep


babesia

en-noun

babesia (usually uncountable, plural babesias or babesiae)

Borrowed from translingual Babesia, named after Victor Babeș.

(microbiology, epidemiology) Any of the hematozoa of the genus Babesia that invades the erythrocytes of living mammals, notably including cattle and humans, causing any of several babesioses.

巴倍蟲 /巴倍虫

any of the hematozoa of the genus Babesia


toxoplasmacidal

en-adj

toxoplasmacidal (comparative more toxoplasmacidal, superlative most toxoplasmacidal)

more toxoplasmacidal (comparative)
most toxoplasmacidal (superlative)


plasmodiid

(zoology) Any member of the Plasmodiidae.


sarcocystid

(zoology) Any apicomplexan in the family Sarcocystidae


theileriid

Any parasitic microorganism in the family Theileriidae.


plasmepsin

(biochemistry) Any of a class of aspartic acid protease enzymes produced by the plasmodium parasite.


isosporiasis

infection by parasites of the genus Isospora.


theileriasis

en-noun

theileriasis (countable and uncountable, plural theileriases)


hymenostome

Any member of the order Hymenostomatida of ciliate protozoa.


balantidiasis

balantidiasis (usually uncountable, plural balantidiases)

A protozoan infection caused by Balantidium coli.


maitotoxin

maitotoxin (countable and uncountable, plural maitotoxins)

From maito + toxin; named from the ciguateric fish Ctenochaetus striatus, called maito in Tahiti, from which maitotoxin was first isolated (though it was later shown that maitotoxin is actually produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus).

A highly potent toxin produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus, a dinoflagellate species.


antiplasmodial

en-adj

antiplasmodial (comparative more antiplasmodial, superlative most antiplasmodial)

more antiplasmodial (comparative)
most antiplasmodial (superlative)

(pharmacology) That counters parasites of the genus Plasmodium

antiplasmodial

that counters parasites of the genus Plasmodium


cyclosporiasis

Cyclospora cayetanensis
Cyclospora cayetanensis#Translingual

infection by the protozoan Cyclospora cayetanensis (sometimes Blepharis cayetanensis, considered one of the red algae).


oligotrich

(biology) Any of a group of ciliate protozoa, included among the spirotrichs, with prominent oral cilia, which are arranged as a collar and lapel, in contrast to the choreotrichs where they form a complete circle


choreotrich

Any of a group of small marine ciliates, including the tintinnids.


tintinnid

A ciliate of the choreotrich taxon Tintinnida, distinguished by vase-shaped shells called loricae.


perkinsosis

A disease of oysters, caused by the protist Perkinsus marinus.


peniculid

Any of the order Peniculida of ciliate protozoa.


nassophorean

(zoology) Any member of the Nassophorea.


piroplasmid

Any of the order Piroplasmida of protozoan parasites.


zooxanthellan

Any of a group of dinoflagellates of the zooxanthellae, represented by genus Symbiodinium and its allies, symbionts involved in coral.


leishmânia

[leɪ̯ʃˈmɐ̃.nɪ.ɐ]

[leɪ̯ʃˈmɐ̃.nɪ.ɐ]

leishmania (a trypanosome protozoa of genus Leishmania)


apicomplexo

pt-adj

apicomplexo (feminine apicomplexa, masculine plural apicomplexos, feminine plural apicomplexas)

apicomplexa (feminine)
apicomplexos (masculine plural)
apicomplexas (feminine plural)

(microbiology) apicomplexan (relating to protists of the phylum Apicomplexa)


dinoflagelado

dinoflagellate (any of many marine protozoa of the phylum Dinoflagellata)


haemogregarine

Any parasitic organism of the genus Haemogregarina.


vorticella

en-noun

vorticella (plural vorticellas or vorticellae)

vorticellas (plural)
vorticellae (plural)


gymnodinoid

Some gonyaulacoid dinoflagellates and single species of gymnodinoid, Gymnodinium catenatum, are known to produce STX or GTXs, and these dinoflagellates have the longer sxtA transcript that includes the A4 domain [33 ,57 ].

2015 November 12, “RNA Sequencing Revealed Numerous Polyketide Synthase Genes in the Harmful Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

Any dinoflagellate of the genus Gymnodinium


haemosporidian

haemosporidian (plural haemosporidians or haemosporidia)

haemosporidians (plural)
haemosporidia (plural)

A plausible explanation is that infection with some haemosporidian species is known to have no or only a slightly negative effect on the fitness of their bird host (e.g. Haemoproteus parabelopolskyi in blackcaps [47 ] and some Plasmodium genetic lineages in great reed warblers (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) [48 ]).

2015 December 15, “Spatial Isolation and Temporal Variation in Fitness and Condition Facilitate Divergence in a Migratory Divide”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

Any parasitic protozoa of the order Haemosporida


sea sparkle

From sea + sparkle from the sparkling of the sea due to the bioluminescent algae.

The nocturnal fish are agile and quick to take flight, wary of reef sharks and moray eels scouring the coral heads, but as they swim and disturb the water, the darkness is sometimes interrupted by the bioluminescent flashes of 'sea sparkle', product of the microscopic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans .

2006, Michael Bright, Wild Caribbean, page 190:

Their quantity remained also high in summer, when the role of the sea sparkle N. scintillans and of meroplankton, especially B. improvisus, was increasing.

2017, A. K. Vinogradov, Yu. I. Bogatova, I. A. Synegub, Ecology of Marine Ports of the Black and Azov Sea Basin, page 157:

Thus what sailors call the "blossoming" of the night sea, that is, the appearance of swarms of phosphorescent phytoplankton on the surface, popularly known as “Sea Sparkle” (Noctiluca scintillans), is actually a sign that the sea has become “impure, turbid, slimy” (ibid.).

2019, David Farrell Krell, The Sea: A Philosophical Encounter, page 173:

Bioluminescence from microscopic organisms creates sea-sparkle, a globally occurring, nocturnal phenomenon of blue sparkling light in breaking waves or around moving objects.

2019, Thomas M. Schmidt, Encyclopedia of Microbiology, page 526:

The bioluminescent dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans (syn. Noctiluca miliaris), that causes mareel.


trichodinid

Any ciliate alveolate of the family Trichodinidae


草履虫

ja-noun

草(ぞう)履(り)虫(むし) or 草履虫(ゾウリムシ) • (zōrimushi) ^(←ざうりむし (zaurimusi) or ザウリムシ (zaurimusi)?)

草履虫 (canonical)
草履虫 (canonical)
zōrimushi (romanization)
zaurimusi (romanization)
ざうりむし (hiragana historical)
ザウリムシ (hiragana historical)

[d͡zo̞ːɾʲimɯ̟ɕi]

From 草履 (zōri, “Japanese thonged sandal”) + 虫 (mushi, “worm”). Compare Chinese 草履蟲 /草履虫 (cǎolǚchóng), Korean 짚신벌레 (jipsinbeolle, literally “Korean straw sandal worm”), Vietnamese trùng giày (literally “shoe worm”), trùng đế giày (literally “shoe sole worm”).


dinokaryote

/ˌdaɪnəʊˈkæɹi.əʊt/

A dinoflagellate that has a nucleus (dinokaryon).


discocephaline

Any ciliate of the suborder Discocephalina


pseudokeronopsid

Any hypotrich of the family Pseudokeronopsidae


pseudourostylid

Any hypotrich of the family Pseudourostylidae


stichotrichine

Any ciliate of the subclass Stichotrichia


isosporan

Any parasite, of the genus Isospora, responsible for isosporiasis.


euplotid

Any ciliate in the family Euplotidae or the order Euplotida of chromists.


lecudinid

Any parasitic alveolate of the family Lecudinidae


peridinioid

Any dinoflagellate of the subclass Peridinoidia (or of the class Peridinea)


dinophycean

Any benthic dinoflagellate of the class Dinophyceae


phytoflagellate

Any dinoflagellate of the class Phytomastigophorea.


eimerian

Any apicomplexan parasite of the genus Eimeria.


dinophysoid

Any dinoflagellate of the subclass Dinophysoidia


草履蟲

ㄘㄠˇ ㄌㄩˇ ㄔㄨㄥˊ

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰou̯³⁵ lei̯¹³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰou̯³⁵ lei̯¹³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

Possibly a calque of German Pantoffeltierchen.


goniodomatacean

Any dinoflagellate of the family Goniodomataceae


stylonychiid

Any member of the genus Stylonychia of ciliates.


amphidomatacean

Any protist of the family Amphidomataceae


paramesyo

[pɐ.ɾɐˈmɛː.ʃo]


gonyaulacacean

Any dinoflagellate of the family Gonyaulacaceae.


wymoczek

wymoczek (nominative singular)
wymoczki (nominative plural)
wymoczka (genitive singular)
wymoczków (genitive plural)
wymoczkowi (dative singular)
wymoczkom (dative plural)
wymoczka (accusative singular)
wymoczki (accusative plural)
wymoczkiem (instrumental singular)
wymoczkami (instrumental plural)
wymoczku (locative singular)
wymoczkach (locative plural)
wymoczku (singular vocative)
wymoczki (plural vocative)


orzęsek

orzęsek (nominative singular)
orzęski (nominative plural)
orzęska (genitive singular)
orzęsków (genitive plural)
orzęskowi (dative singular)
orzęskom (dative plural)
orzęska (accusative singular)
orzęski (accusative plural)
orzęskiem (instrumental singular)
orzęskami (instrumental plural)
orzęsku (locative singular)
orzęskach (locative plural)
orzęsku (singular vocative)
orzęski (plural vocative)

/ɔˈʐɛw̃.sɛk/


蠓病

/baŋ⁴²⁻²⁴ pĩ²²/

/baŋ⁴²⁻²⁴ pẽ²²/

/baŋ⁴²⁻²⁴ pĩ²²/

/baŋ⁴²⁻²⁴ pẽ²²/


сувойка

ru-noun+

суво́йка • (suvójka) f anim (genitive суво́йки, nominative plural суво́йки, genitive plural суво́ек)

суво́йка (canonical)
suvójka (romanization)
суво́йки (genitive)
суво́йки (nominative plural)
суво́ек (genitive plural)
суво́йка (nominative singular)
суво́йки (nominative plural)
суво́йки (genitive singular)
суво́ек (genitive plural)
суво́йке (dative singular)
суво́йкам (dative plural)
суво́йку (accusative singular)
суво́ек (accusative plural)
суво́йкой (instrumental singular)
суво́йкою (instrumental singular)
суво́йками (instrumental plural)
суво́йке (prepositional singular)
суво́йках (plural prepositional)