zobo

From Tibetan མཛོ་པོ (mdzo po, “male bull–yak hybrid”); see zebu for more.

der

A kind of Asian cattle, supposed to be a hybrid between the zebu and yak.


raisin

en-verb

raisin (third-person singular simple present raisins, present participle raisining, simple past and past participle raisined)

raisins (present singular third-person)
raisining (participle present)
raisined (participle past)
raisined (past)

From Middle English raysyn, borrowed from Anglo-Norman reysin (“grape, raisin”), from Late Latin racīmus, from Latin racēmus. Possibly a distant cognate of Persian رز (raz, “vine”). Doublet of raceme.

Second-crop fruit tends to show smaller clusters than first-crop, to have a high skin-to-juice ratio, and to be a good blending tool, according to Iantosca, although care must be exercised to ensure that the second-crop berries have not raisined.

2008, John Winthrop Haeger, Pacific Pinot Noir:

The ultraripe grapes are usually dried in the sun for a few days so they can raisin and their sugars can be concentrated before they are crushed and pressed.

2010, Michael Gibson, The Sommelier Prep Course, page 214:

Too much water and the taste would be too thin. Too little and the grapes would raisin.

2019, Sinclair Jayne, A Bride for the Texas Cowboy:

(intransitive) Of fruit: to dry out; to become like raisins.

We must have put down about thirty quart bottles, richly raisined and tightly corked.

2005, Alan King, Matzo Balls for Breakfast, page 183:

The 12-year-old Redbreast is the most easily found and shows single pot still at its most defiant: oily and rich with stewed plums, light leather, creme caramel and a dense, raisined palate where the tongue tries to cleave through the white peaches.

Another liquid—perhaps honey, a berry juice, a raisined or herbal wine—could be poured into the large opening and automatically fed into the interior of the vessel.

2019, Patrick E. McGovern, Ancient Wine: The Search for the Origins of Viniculture, page 177:

(transitive) To flavor (an alcoholic beverage) with fruit that has raisined.

She was a bony woman with hollow cheeks, her skin raisined by years of hard labor in the sun.

2012, Anuradha Roy, The Folded Earth, page 18:

Before him, a stoic mother, hands raisined from the scrubbing of clothing and children.

2016, Daniel Kraus, The Death and Life of Zebulon Finch, Volume Two: Empire Decayed, page 67:

As her fingers became raisined by the soap suds, she wondered what Eliza was up to.

2019, A. S. Kingly, If Stilettos Could Speak:

We soaked together in long baths until we raisined, skin pressed to skin .

She remained under the spray until the hot water heater ran out and her skin raisined.

He can barely imagine it, but years and years from now, the day will come when his skin will have raisined, and even something as simple as sweeping the floor will no longer be easy.

2023, Karin Lin-Greenberg, You Are Here:

(intransitive) To form wrinkles; to become wrinkled.


raisin

Inherited from Old French raisin, from Late Latin racīmus, from Latin racēmus. Doublet of racème, a borrowing.


raisin

fro-noun

raisin oblique singular, m (oblique plural raisins, nominative singular raisins, nominative plural raisin)

raisin oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
raisins (oblique plural)
raisins (nominative singular)
raisin (nominative plural)

French: raisin

Norman: raisin, rouaisin

desc

Picard: rosin, reusin, rojin, roisin, rouaisin

Walloon: reujin, rouaijin, roijin

→ Middle Dutch: rosine

Dutch: rozijn

→ Middle High German: rosīn

desctree

German: Rosine
→ Polish: rodzynka
→ Kashubian: rozina
→ Czech: rozinka, ⇒ hrozinka (contaminated with hrozen)
⇒ Slovak: hrozienko (contaminated with hrozno)

→ Middle Low German: rosīne

→ Danish: rosin

→ Middle English: raysyn, raycin, reyson, reysyn, rasyn, rayson, resyn, reyseyn, raysing, racine, resonne, reysynge
English: raisin
→ Japanese: レーズン (rēzun)
Scots: raisin, reasin

→ Middle Irish: [Term?]

Irish: rísín

→ Middle Welsh: [Term?]

Welsh: rhesin

→? Old Norse: rúsína

Icelandic: rúsína

Swedish: russin

→ Finnish: rusina

→ Sicilian: racina

From Late Latin racīmus, from Latin racēmus.


borra

head

borra m (genitive singular borra, nominative plural borraí)

borra (genitive singular)
borraí (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
borra (indefinite singular)
borraí (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a bhorra (indefinite singular)
a bhorraí (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an borra (definite singular)
na borraí (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an bhorra (definite singular)
na mborraí (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an mborra (definite singular)
don bhorra (definite singular)
leis na borraí (definite plural)
borra
bhorra
mborra


gat

gāt (canonical feminine)
gāt (nominative singular)
gǣt (nominative plural)
gāt (accusative singular)
gǣt (accusative plural)
gǣt (genitive singular)
gāte (genitive singular)
gāta (genitive plural)
gǣt (dative singular)
gātum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: goot, got, gat, gote, goet, goth, gathe, geet
English: goat (see there for further descendants)
Scots: gait, gayt
Yola: geearth, geearte, gurth

From Proto-Germanic *gaits. Cognate with Old Frisian *gāt, Old Saxon gēt, Old Dutch *geit, Old High German geiz, Old Norse geit, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 (gaits); and with Latin haedus (“kid”).

Iċ eom wunderliċu wiht, wrǣsne mīne stefne, hwīlum beorce swā hund, hwīlum blǣte swā gāt, hwīlum grǣde swā gōs, hwīlum ġielle swā hafoc,…

I am a wonderful thing, change my voice, sometimes bark like a hound, sometimes bleat like a goat, sometimes cry like a goose, sometimes yell like a hawk,…


capra

la-noun

capra f (genitive caprae, masculine caper); first declension

caprae (genitive)
caper (masculine)
capra (nominative singular)
caprae (nominative plural)
caprae (genitive singular)
caprārum (genitive plural)
caprae (dative singular)
caprīs (dative plural)
capram (accusative singular)
caprās (accusative plural)
caprā (ablative singular)
caprīs (ablative plural)
capra (singular vocative)
caprae (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: caprã

Istro-Romanian: cåprĕ

Megleno-Romanian: capră

Romanian: capră

Italo-Romance:

Italian: capra

Neapolitan: crapa

Sicilian: crapa

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: craba

Northern Italian:

Istriot: càvara

Venetan: cavra, càora, càvara

Gallo-Italian:

Lombard: crava

Piedmontese: crava

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: cjavre

Ladin: cëura

Romansch: chaura, caura, tgora, chevra

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: chiévra

Oïl:

Old French: chievre, kievre

Middle French: chevre

French: chèvre

→ English: chèvre; ⇒ chevon

Norman: quièvre

Picard: kiève, tchiève (Amiens)

Walloon: tchive

Oc:

Catalan: cabra

Old Occitan: cabra

Occitan: cabra, chabra, craba

→ Franco-Provençal: cabra

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: craba, crapa

Asturian: cabra

Old Portuguese:

Galician: cabra

Portuguese: cabra

Spanish: cabra

→ Translingual: Capra

→ Etruscan: 𐌊𐌀𐌐𐌓𐌀 (kapra)

From caper (“billy goat, he-goat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kápros (“buck, he-goat”); see also Old Norse hafr (“he-goat”), Old English hæfer, Welsh gafr, Old Irish gabor.

der

stat quoque capra simul … īnfantī lac dēdit illa Iovī.

Also together [with him] stands a she-goat … that gave her milk to the infant Jove.
(Ovid refers to mythology about the baby Jupiter/Iuppiter or Zeus having been suckled by a goat, or the goddess Amalthea; see Amalthea (mythology).)


cái

From Proto-Vietic *-keːʔ (“woman; female”). Compare gái.
Attested in the title of Phùng Hưng, 布蓋大王 (MC puH kajH dajH hjwang) (SV: Bố Cái Đại Vương), with the first two characters rendering words ancestral to modern vua (“monarch”) and cái ("great, main"), equivalent to the Chinese 大王 next to it, i.e. the title is the phrase "great king/monarch" written in two languages.

hoa cái

nhị cái

(of a non-human and non-avian species of animal or plant or their reproductive organs) female


sto

sto (indefinite nominative singular)
stos (genitive indefinite singular)
stoet (definite nominative singular)
stoets (definite genitive singular)
ston (indefinite nominative plural)
stons (genitive indefinite plural)
stona (definite nominative plural)
stonas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish stōþ, from Old Norse stóð, from Proto-Germanic *stōdą. Compare Icelandic stóð.


tay

head

tay (definite accusative tayı, plural taylar)

tayı (accusative definite)
taylar (plural)

From Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (tay), from Proto-Turkic [Term?]. Cognate with Kazakh тай (tai), Chuvash тиха (tih̬a), тӑйха (tăjh̬a), Azerbaijani dayça.


mec

Unknown. First attested in the 14th century.


ταύρος

head

ταύρος • (távros) m (plural ταύροι, feminine αγελάδα)

távros (romanization)
ταύροι (plural)
αγελάδα (feminine)
ταύρος (nominative singular)
ταύροι (nominative plural)
ταύρου (genitive singular)
ταύρων (genitive plural)
ταύρο (accusative singular)
ταύρους (accusative plural)
ταύρε (singular vocative)
ταύροι (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek ταῦρος (taûros), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.


닭

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 啄.
In the hangul script, first attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄃᆞᆰ (Yale: tòlk).
possibly related to Mongolian тахиа (taxia) , Khitan 𘰺𘯛𘯺 (*t qo a) and Proto-Turkic *tiakïgu

ko-etym-native

Gallus gallus
Gallus gallus#Translingual

specifically the domestic chicken, Gallus gallus, sometimes Gallus gallus domesticus.


ente

ttj-noun

ente class 9 (plural ente class 10, augmentless nte, plural augmentless nte)

ente class 9 (canonical)
ente class 10 (plural)
augmentless nte (plural)

From en- (class 9 noun prefix) + Proto-Sog Eastern Sudanic *-te. Cognate with Luganda ente.

cow, bull, ox, cattle, domestic bovine, member of the species Bos taurus


svin

svinet (definite singular)
svin (indefinite plural)
svina (definite plural)

From Old Norse svín, from Proto-Germanic *swīną, from an adjectival form of Proto-Indo-European *suH-.

(derogatory, vulgar) a despicable person, often in reference to their literal or figurative uncleanliness


svin

svin (indefinite nominative singular)
svins (genitive indefinite singular)
svinet (definite nominative singular)
svinets (definite genitive singular)
svin (indefinite nominative plural)
svins (genitive indefinite plural)
svinen (definite nominative plural)
svinens (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse svín, from Proto-Germanic *swīną, from an adjectival form of Proto-Indo-European *sū-.

hog, pig, swine (member of the family Suidae)


carpenter

From Middle English carpenter, from Anglo-Norman carpenter (compare Old French charpentier), from Late Latin carpentārius (“a carpenter”), from Latin carpentārius (“a wagon-maker, carriage-maker”), from Latin carpentum (“a two-wheeled carriage, coach, or chariot, a cart”), from Gaulish carbantos, from Proto-Celtic *karbantos (“chariot, war chariot”), probably related to Proto-Celtic *karros (“wagon”). Doublet of carpintero. More at car.
Displaced native Old English trēowwyrhta (literally “tree worker”).

ncog

A person skilled at carpentry, the trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures.


spiff

en-adj

spiff (comparative more spiff, superlative most spiff)

more spiff (comparative)
most spiff (superlative)

Unknown. See etymology discussion at spiffy.

“Hah spiff he is to dāay!—he mud be bown tul a wedding!”
“He’s spiff eniff for’t!”

[1862, C. Clough Robinson, The Dialect of Leeds and Its Neighborhood, page 418:

Thah is spiff i’ thy new coit.

[1865, William Stott Banks, A List of Provincial Words in Use at Wakefield in Yorkshire, page 67:

(archaic or regional, Yorkshire) Neat, smartly dressed, attractive.


waka

(Southern Greater Poland) old bitch (old female dog)


ki

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *kii, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ki. Cognates include Khumi Chin täki.


akaka

Cognate to Choctaw aka̱ka, Alabama akaaka


pedicel

From Late Latin pedīcellus, diminutive of pedīculus (“foot-stalk or pedicle of a fruit or leaf”), diminutive of pēs (“foot”).

(anatomy) A stalk-shaped body part; an anatomical part that resembles a stem or stalk.


veterinarian

From Latin veterīnārius (“cattle doctor”) + -an, from veterīnae (“beasts of burden, draught-”), probably from vehō (“to convey, draw”), or from vetus (“old”). By surface analysis, veterinary + -an.

A fascination with Hokkaido's wild country first drew the veterinarian to Abashiri, and he is a leading expert on the Ezo red fox. Like much of Hokkaido's wildlife, this fox is not found on Honshu.

1980, National Geographic Society (U.S.), National geographic, →OCLC:

The first edition, translated into 6 languages, appeared to fulfil a need, and a minisurvey of UK veterinarians graduated 2–40 years ago showed unanimous support for such a revision […]

2005, Anthony David Weaver, Guy St. Jean, Adrian Steiner, Bovine surgery and lameness:

A medical doctor who treats non-human animals.


euthanasiate

That chemical methods of euthanasia (such as injectable euthanasiates such as barbituates) far outweighed all other methods used to perform euthanasia of laboratory animals.

1990, Gary Martinic, “euthanasia of laboratory animals”, in Animal Technology:

The Environmental Health Unit of Queensland Health has issued appropriately trained wildlife carers in two organisations with authority to hold and use a small selection of restricted (S4) veterinary drugs including: Pentabarbitone sodium (Valabarb, Lethabarb): a veterinary euthanasiate; Alfaxalone and Zoletil: anaesthetics; Diazepam (Pamlin): a sedative; Meloxicam: an antiinflammatory pain reliever.

2005, Jon Haner, Andrew Tribe, “Management of critically ill wildlife: the reality and practice of wildlife euthanasia”, in National Wildlife Rehabilitation Conference:

At all times the euthanasiates should be in a locked container/area when not in the possession of a veterinarian

2012, Australian Veternary Association, Indigenous Community Animal Health Program (ICAHP) Model and Guidelines:

(veterinary medicine) Any drug used to euthanize an animal.


euthanasiate

en-verb

euthanasiate (third-person singular simple present euthanasiates, present participle euthanasiating, simple past and past participle euthanasiated)

euthanasiates (present singular third-person)
euthanasiating (participle present)
euthanasiated (participle past)
euthanasiated (past)

The dog was euthanasiated 40 days after the MRI examination because its convulsions had worsened.

2000, Hiroshi Koie, Ester Norie Kurotobi, Takeo Sakai, “Double-chambered right ventricle in a dog”, in Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, volume 6:

The experiment was carried out 240 days long, on Wistar rats, intraperitoneally injected once with aqueous asbestos suspension. In the end, animals were euthanasiated by prolonged narcosis.

2008, B. Sevastre, C. Cătoi, A.I. Marcus, “LESIONAL ASPECTS IN RAT EXPERIMENTAL ASBESTOSIS”, in Bulletin of University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania:

On a stork whit multiple fractures which was later euthanasiated, some anatomic and histology observation were made on the esophagus.

2009, V Rus, V Miclaus, GC Nadas, D Cadar, “STRUCTURAL PARTICULARITIES OF THE WHITE STORK (CICONIA CICONIA) ESOPHAGUS.”, in Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, volume 14, number 1:

(veterinary medicine) To kill in a humane manner.


hood

From Middle English hood, hod, from Old English hōd, from Proto-Germanic *hōdaz (cognate with Saterland Frisian Houd, West Frisian/Dutch hoed, German Low German Hood, German Hut). Cognate with Proto-Iranian *xawdaH (“hat”) (compare Avestan 𐬑𐬂𐬛𐬀 (xåda), Old Persian 𐎧𐎢𐎭 (x-u-d /xaudā/)), from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to cover”). More at hat.

kapuç

covering for the head attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak

A covering for the head, usually attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak.

(equestrianism) A head and neck covering placed on horses to protect against insects and sunlight, to slow coat growth and for warmth.

(ophiology) An expansion on the sides of the neck typical for many elapids e.g. the Egyptian cobra (Naja haje) and Indian cobra (Naja naja).

huppu

expansion on the sides of the neck typical for many elapids e.g. the Egyptian cobra and Indian cobra

Platysma myoides […] which sends attenuated fibres and slips to the gular region of the hood and is lost dorsad in the fascia covering the trapezius but acquires thickness over the sternum and cervix. Thyromandibularis […] Two distinct muscles may bear this name, an externus and an internus. The latter rises by two slips from about the middle of the inner surface of the mandible and is inserted into the middle of the inner side of the thyrohyal. The greatly elongated thyrobyal passes between the two layers of integument constituting the hood, at its middle fold, and so forms a “yard” to which the lower half of the hood is bent. This inner division of the Thyromandibularis being an adductor of the bone, is the chief agent in lowering the hood and bracing its lower moiety to the side of the neck—it is antagonised by the greater part of the outer division which rises fleshy immediately behind the inner one, but nearly on the lower edge of the jaw, the origin of the mylohyoideus being between them. It immediately divides into two superposed fascicles, the deeper one being inserted into the lower surface of the thyrohyal, a little behind the insertion of the inner division—the other sub division is inserted posteriorly to the former one into the outer side of the bone for the rest of its length and acting thus advantageously is an efficient erector of the lower part of the hood.

1883, Charles W. De Vis, “Myology of Chlamydosaurus kingii”, in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, volume 8, pages 301–302:

(colloquial) The osseous or cartilaginous marginal extension behind the back of many a dinosaur such as a ceratopsid and reptiles such as Chlamydosaurus kingii.

huppu

In the human hand, over the extensor digitorum, an expansion of the extensor tendon over the metacarpophalangeal joint (the extensor hood syn. dorsal hood syn. lateral hood)

(colloquial) The prepuce; the foreskin or clitoral hood.


Keiler

de-noun

Keiler m (strong, genitive Keilers, plural Keiler, feminine Bache or Wildsau)

Keilers (genitive)
Keiler (plural)
Bache (feminine)
Wildsau (feminine)
Keiler (nominative singular)
Keiler (definite nominative plural)
Keilers (genitive singular)
Keiler (definite genitive plural)
Keiler (dative singular)
Keilern (dative definite plural)
Keiler (accusative singular)
Keiler (accusative definite plural)


Wildschwein

Wildschwein n (strong, genitive Wildschweines or Wildschweins, plural Wildschweine, diminutive Wildschweinchen n)

Wildschweines (genitive)
Wildschweins (genitive)
Wildschweine (plural)
Wildschweinchen (diminutive neuter)
Wildschwein (nominative singular)
Wildschweine (definite nominative plural)
Wildschweines (genitive singular)
Wildschweins (genitive singular)
Wildschweine (definite genitive plural)
Wildschwein (dative singular)
Wildschweine (dative singular)
Wildschweinen (dative definite plural)
Wildschwein (accusative singular)
Wildschweine (accusative definite plural)

Inherited from Middle High German wiltswīn. By surface analysis, wild + Schwein.


Frischling

de-noun

Frischling m (strong, genitive Frischlings, plural Frischlinge)

Frischlings (genitive)
Frischlinge (plural)
Frischling (nominative singular)
Frischlinge (definite nominative plural)
Frischlings (genitive singular)
Frischlinge (definite genitive plural)
Frischling (dative singular)
Frischlingen (dative definite plural)
Frischling (accusative singular)
Frischlinge (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German vrischinc, Old High German frisking (“beast of offering”).

inh

A young/immature wild boar. The generic term is Wildschwein.


Schwein

de-noun

Schwein n (strong, genitive Schweines or Schweins, plural Schweine, diminutive Schweinchen n or Schweinderl n)

Schweines (genitive)
Schweins (genitive)
Schweine (plural)
Schweinchen (diminutive neuter)
Schweinderl (diminutive neuter)
Schwein (nominative singular)
Schweine (definite nominative plural)
Schweines (genitive singular)
Schweins (genitive singular)
Schweine (definite genitive plural)
Schwein (dative singular)
Schweine (dative singular)
Schweinen (dative definite plural)
Schwein (accusative singular)
Schweine (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German swīn, from Old High German swīn (akin to Old Saxon swīn), from Proto-West Germanic *swīn.
Compare Low German Swin, Swien, Schwien (Schweyn), Dutch zwijn, English swine, Danish svin (also comparable to Latin suīnus and to Polish świnia).

cog

(often construed with haben) luck, good fortune


Eber

de-noun

Eber m (strong, genitive Ebers, plural Eber)

Ebers (genitive)
Eber (plural)
Eber (nominative singular)
Eber (definite nominative plural)
Ebers (genitive singular)
Eber (definite genitive plural)
Eber (dative singular)
Ebern (dative definite plural)
Eber (accusative singular)
Eber (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German ëber, from Old High German ebur, from Proto-West Germanic *ebur, from Proto-Germanic *eburaz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-r-.
Cognate with Dutch ever, Latin aper, Serbo-Croatian vepar. Despite the similarity in form and meaning, not related to obsolete dialectal Bär (“boar”) (which see), nor to Bär (“bear”).


Sau

Sau f (genitive Sau, plural Säue or Sauen)

Sau (genitive)
Säue (plural)
Sauen (plural)
Sau (nominative singular)
Säue (definite nominative plural)
Sauen (definite nominative plural)
Sau (genitive singular)
Säue (definite genitive plural)
Sauen (definite genitive plural)
Sau (dative singular)
Säuen (dative definite plural)
Sauen (dative definite plural)
Sau (accusative singular)
Säue (accusative definite plural)
Sauen (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German sū, from Old High German sū, from Proto-West Germanic *sū.

(archaic or dialectal) pig (male or female)

(figurative) a dislikable or unethical person


peahen

From Middle English pehenne, equivalent to pea (“peafowl”) + hen. Compare Icelandic páhæna (“peahen”). See also peacock, peafowl, peachick, etc.

It shows the peahens that the peacock is strong.

2014, Bill Nye, Corey S. Powell, Undeniable: Evolution and the Science of Creation:


pito

ſſete ouellas τ dous años τ ſſete cabras τ quatro cabritos τ duas porcas τ mea doutra τ hũa porcalla con ſſeus fillos τ dose patas τ treσe gallinas cõ quatorze pĩtoos

1348, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia, editor, História do galego-português, Coimbra: I.N.I.C, page 159:

seven sheep and two lambs and seven goats and four kids and two sows and a half and a sow with her sons and twelve ducks and thirteen hens with fourteen chicks


chevreau

→ Finnish: sauro

→ Macedonian: ше́вро (šévro)

→ Polish: szewro

→ Russian: шевро́ (ševró)

From chèvre + -eau, or from Old French chevrel, diminutive of chievre or possibly from Latin capellus influenced by chèvre.


tehén

tehenek (plural)
tehén (nominative singular)
tehenek (nominative plural)
tehenet (accusative singular)
teheneket (accusative plural)
tehénnek (dative singular)
teheneknek (dative plural)
tehénnel (instrumental singular)
tehenekkel (instrumental plural)
tehénért (causal-final singular)
tehenekért (causal-final plural)
tehénné (singular translative)
tehenekké (plural translative)
tehénig (singular terminative)
tehenekig (plural terminative)
tehénként (essive-formal singular)
tehenekként (essive-formal plural)
tehénben (inessive singular)
tehenekben (inessive plural)
tehénen (singular superessive)
tehenen (singular superessive)
teheneken (plural superessive)
tehénnél (adessive singular)
teheneknél (adessive plural)
tehénbe (illative singular)
tehenekbe (illative plural)
tehénre (singular sublative)
tehenekre (plural sublative)
tehénhez (allative singular)
tehenekhez (allative plural)
tehénből (elative singular)
tehenekből (elative plural)
tehénről (delative singular)
tehenekről (delative plural)
tehéntől (ablative singular)
tehenektől (ablative plural)
tehéné (singular)
teheneké (plural)
tehénéi (singular)
tehenekéi (plural)
tehenem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
teheneim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
tehened (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
teheneid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tehene (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tehenei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tehenünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
teheneink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
tehenetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
teheneitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tehenük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
teheneik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Of debated origin:
# From an Iranian language, compare Avestan daēnav- ("female animal"), Middle Persian dēnodag ("female; milk"). Cognates with Sanskrit धेनु (dhenú, “cow, milch”).
# From Proto-Uralic *tewä (“elk”).


poultry

en-noun

poultry (usually uncountable, plural poultries)

From Middle English pultrie, from Old French pouleterie, from poulet, diminutive of poule (“hen”), from Latin pullus (“chick”).
For the development of Middle English /u/ to modern /oʊ/, /əʊ/ before /lt/, /ld/, /ln/, compare boult, boulder, colter/coulter, poultice, shoulder, won't.

a poultry farmer

Domestic fowl (e.g. chickens, ducks, turkeys, geese) raised for food (meat, eggs, or both).


warble

From Middle English werble (at least for the noun), from Frankish *werbel (mole cricket), cognate to Walloon waerbea.

A lesion under the skin of cattle, caused by the larva of a bot fly of genus Hypoderma.

varron

lesion under the skin of cattle, caused by by the larva of a bot fly


boll

en-verb

boll (third-person singular simple present bolls, present participle bolling, simple past and past participle bolled)

bolls (present singular third-person)
bolling (participle present)
bolled (participle past)
bolled (past)

From Middle English bolle (“pod; shell”) and Middle Dutch bolle (“round object”); both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bullô (“round object; bowl”). More at bowl.

inh

The barley was in the ear, and the flax was bolled.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 9:31:

To form a boll or seed vessel; to go to seed.


pony

→ Belarusian: по́ні (póni)

→ Danish: pony

→ Dutch: pony
→ Indonesian: poni

→ Finnish: poni

→ French: poney
→ Romanian: ponei

→ Georgian: პონი (ṗoni)

→ German: Pony
→ Estonian: poni

→ Hungarian: póni

→ Irish: pónaí

→ Italian: pony

→ Japanese: ポニー (ponī)

→ Lithuanian: ponis

→ Maltese: poni

→ Norwegian: ponni

desc

→ Portuguese: pónei, pônei (Brazil), poney

→ Russian: пони (poni)

→ Spanish: poni

→ Swedish: ponny

→ Ukrainian: по́ні (póni)

1659 from Scots powny, apparently from Middle French poulenet (“little foal”), ultimately from Late Latin pullanus (“young of an animal”), from pullus (cognate to English foal). Sense “small serving of alcohol” from 19th century, both for small sizes generally and for a quarter pint specifically, from the small size.

uder

How many ponies are under the hood?

He suggested a Rose Ballet in which he would use the G. V. Follies chorus girls, chiefly the ponies and mediums.

1941, Thoda Cocroft, Great Names and how They are Made, page 140:

(slang, derogatory, video games) Ellipsis of Sony pony.


pony

ponynek (diminutive)
pony (nominative singular)
ponyové (nominative plural)
pony (nominative plural)
ponyho (genitive singular)
ponyů (genitive plural)
ponych (genitive plural)
ponymu (dative singular)
ponyům (dative plural)
ponym (dative plural)
ponyho (accusative singular)
ponye (accusative plural)
pony (accusative plural)
pony (singular vocative)
ponyové (plural vocative)
pony (plural vocative)
ponym (locative singular)
ponyích (locative plural)
ponych (locative plural)
ponym (instrumental singular)
ponyi (instrumental plural)
ponymi (instrumental plural)


pony

nl-noun

pony m (plural pony's, diminutive pony'tje n)

pony's (plural)
pony'tje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: poni


pony

pony (nominative singular)
pony (nominative plural)
ponyho (genitive singular)
pony (genitive plural)
ponymu (dative singular)
pony (dative plural)
ponyho (accusative singular)
pony (accusative plural)
ponym (locative singular)
pony (locative plural)
ponym (instrumental singular)
pony (instrumental plural)


equestrian

en-adj

equestrian (comparative more equestrian, superlative most equestrian)

more equestrian (comparative)
most equestrian (superlative)

Ultimately from Latin equester (“of or pertaining to equestrians/cavalry”) + -ianus (“-ian, related to”, adjective marker), from equus (“horse”).

der

They were an equestrian people.

After his death an equestrian statue was erected.

The society of colonial Spanish-America was one of the most equestrian in all history, and, to a very great extent, its existence depended on the adaptability of the Old World horse to New World conditions.

1973, Alfred W. Crosby, The Columbian Exchange, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, page 82:

Of horseback riding or horseback riders.

(historical) Of or relating to the ancient Roman class of equites.


equestrian

конник

an equestrian person; one who rides on horseback


cobbler

Fished for cobblers in the evening. The warbler sings its night-song.

1831 November 10, George Fletcher Moore, “The Journey”, in Martin Doyle, editor, Extracts from the Letters and Journals of George Fletcher Moore, Esq. […], London: Orr and Smith, […]; Dublin: W. Curry, Jun. & Co. […], published 1834, →OCLC, page 122:

The South Australian catfish (Cnidoglanis macrocephalus), a species of catfish native to Australia which has dorsal and pectoral fins bearing sharp, venomous spines.

The soldier or South Australian cobbler (Gymnapistes marmoratus), a brown fish native to southern Australian estuaries which is not closely related to Cnidoglanis macrocephalus, but also has venemous spines on its dorsal and pectoral fins.

Also river cobbler: basa (Pangasius bocourti), an edible species of shark catfish native to the Chao Phraya and Mekong river basins in Southeast Asia.

(US) Condica sutor, an owlet moth native to North America.


stoner

From Middle English stoner, stonere, stonare, staner, equivalent to stone + -er (agent noun suffix) or -er (measurement suffix).

"You're useless when you're high on catnip, you know that?" "Mewww mew?" "No I will NOT put on Dark Side of the Moon and the Wizard of Oz for you. Goddamned stoner cat."

2006, Jeph Jacques, Questionable Content (webcomic), Number 538: Also Some Nachos Please:


strapper

From strap + -er, principally strap + -er (agent noun suffix). The sense referring to a poorly producing milk cow (from strap + -er) came from a dialectal sense of the verb strap as a troponym of milk: not even the most skilful milking action could coax enough milk from the udder.

(electronics) A wire that joins two light switches so that a light can be turned off or on from either switch.


poll

Inherited from Old Catalan poll, from Latin pullus.


zanna

From Lombardic zan (“tooth”), from Proto-West Germanic *tanþ, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts. Compare German Zahn (“tooth”). Doublet of dente.

the tooth of an animal; especially the tusk of an elephant, boar etc. and the fang of a dog, wolf etc.


trotter

From Middle English trottere, equivalent to trot + -er.

The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track. The three returned wondering and charmed with Mrs. Cooke; they were sure she had had no hand in the furnishing of that atrocious house.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 58:

In harness racing, a horse with a gait in which the front and back legs on opposite sides take a step together alternating with the other set of opposite legs; as opposed to a pacer.


tusk

English: tusk

Scots: tusk

From Old English tūx, from earlier tūsc, from Proto-Germanic *tunþskaz. Compare tusshe.


flipper

From flip + -er. Compare Saterland Frisian Flappert (“flipper, wing”).

cog

In marine mammals such as whales (or other aquatic animals such as sea turtles), a wide flat, limb adapted for swimming.


zibibbo

a variety of Muscat grape from Southern Italy


larynx

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-larynx.wav

Borrowed from New Latin larynx, from Ancient Greek λᾰ́ρῠγξ (lắrŭnx, “larynx; windpipe; gullet, throat”).

bor

Meronyms: epilarynx, hypolarynx, orolarynx

There is one thing, among abundance of others, in Anatomy, which has always much affected me with Admiration, [...] It is the Situation and Elaſticity of the Epiglottis, a ſoft Cartilaginous Cover to the Larynx, or Orifice of the Wind-pipe; that this Epiglottis ſhould, all a Man's life, be drawn up, for the Benefit of Reſpiration, and fall down and ſhut, whilſt every bit we eat, and every drop we drink, paſſes over it into the Gullet and Stomach; and that we ſhould ſo ſeldom have Occaſion to cough up a crum, or drop, that may accidentaly ſlip into the Larynx; [...]

1727, Walter Harris, “Section II. Of the Wonderful Works of God.”, in The Great and Wonderful Works of God Humbly Represented: And the Just and Equal Distributions of Providence Demonstrated. […], London: James Roberts […], →OCLC, pages 29–30:

The larynx is the instrument of the voice, of which the rima glottidis is the immediate organ. [...] The change of the voice from acute to grave at the time of puberty, when the larynx undergoes a remarkable development, as well as its acuteness in females, whose glottis is less by one third than that of man, shew that the size of the aperture has a great influence.

1809, William Nicholson, “PHYSIOLOGY”, in The British Encyclopedia, or Dictionary of Arts and Sciences; […], volume V (N … R), London: Printed by C[harles] Whittingham, […]; for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, […], →OCLC:

The differences in the voices of man and woman cannot but have been always obſerved; and their larynxes exhibit, on a merely ſuperficial inſpection, a great diſproportion in ſize.

1819, Abraham Rees, “LARYNX”, in The Cyclopædia; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. [...] In Thirty-nine Volumes, volume XX, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, & Brown, […] [et al.], →OCLC, column 1:

I hope to be understood as not implying that there is no peculiarity of the larynges and tracheæ, except in some genera; for I believe all have the admirable mechanism of the organ of voice differently constructed, with corresponding muscles, and distribution of nerves, producing those various modulations of sound so familiar to us, and destined for the excitement of love, as well as for other purposes.

1830 March 16, Joshua Brookes, “XXIX. On the Remarkable Formation of the Trachea In the Egyptian Tantalus”, in The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, volume XVI, London: Richard Taylor, […]; Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, […]; William Wood, […], published 1833, →OCLC, page 502:

The work on larynx transplantation has been discussed in the previous paragraphs. Corollary to this is the possible development of an artificial larynx which can be implanted just as an artificial heart might be implanted. Design of such larynxes might permit a quick solution to the problem of tissue rejection.

1968 April 25, John E. Bordley (witness), Departments of Labor, and Health, Education, and Welfare Appropriations for 1969: Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives, Ninetieth Congress, Second Session: […], part 7 (Members of Congress, Interested Individuals and Organizations), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 259:

The ability of Red Deer stags to lower their larynx when roaring appears to be one of the exaggerators of formant dispersal, since the resting position of the male larynx is already lower than the typical mammalian position. [...] Size exaggeration provides an intriguing, non-linguistic explanation for the descent of the human larynx [...].

2003, John Maynard Smith, David Harper, “Indices of Quality”, in Animal Signals, Oxford, Oxforshire, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, published 2004, →ISBN, 4.2 Are Mammalian Sounds Reliable Indices of Size?, page 47:

Study of intubated larynges from infants of 22 to 40 weeks' gestation who survived a few hours to 300 days showed acute injury was almost invariable, and up to 100% of the subglottic epithelium was lost within a few hour of intubation, but progression of injury was relatively short-lived.

2015, George H. Zalzal, Robin Thomas Cotton, “Glottic and Subglottic Stenosis”, in Marci M. Lesperance, Paul W. Flint, Cummings Pediatric Otolaryngology, Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders, Elsevier, →ISBN, 6: Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, and Esophagus, page 350, column 2:

(anatomy, zootomy) A hollow muscular organ of the neck of mammals situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the oesophagus. It is involved in breath control and protection of the trachea, and, as it houses the vocal cords, sound production.

laring

organ involved in breath control, protection of the trachea, and sound production

បំពង់កក្នុង

bɑmpʊəŋ kɑɑ knoŋ


moss

en-noun

moss (countable and uncountable, plural mosses)

From Middle English mos, from Old English mos (“bog, marsh, moss”), from Proto-West Germanic *mos (“marsh, moss”), from Proto-Germanic *musą (“marsh, moss”), from Proto-Indo-European *mews- (“moss”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Moas (“moss”), West Frisian moas (“moss”), Dutch mos (“moss”), German Low German Moss (“moss”), German Moos (which shows the same polysemy of "moss" and "bog, fen"), Danish mos (“moss”), Swedish mossa (“moss”), Icelandic mosi (“moss”), Latin muscus (“moss”), Russian мох (mox, “moss”), Polish mech. Doublet of mousse.

cypress moss

Hypnum cupressiforme; Lycopodium alpinum

flowering moss (Pyxidanthera barbulata; Portulaca grandiflora;

moss crop

Eriophorum vaginatum; Eriophorum polystachion; Argentina anserina, syn. Potentilla anserina; Eleocharis palustris, syn. Scirpus caespitosus

willow moss

Hypnaceae, possibly Taxiphyllum barbieri

Any of various small, green, seedless plants growing on the ground or on the surfaces of trees, stones, etc.; now specifically, a plant of the phylum Bryophyta (formerly division Musci).

(countable) A kind or species of such plants.

the mosses of the Scottish border

Loynton Moss


moss

en-verb

moss (third-person singular simple present mosses, present participle mossing, simple past and past participle mossed)

mosses (present singular third-person)
mossing (participle present)
mossed (participle past)
mossed (past)

Although I really shouldn't... I feel like cracking this stout and just mossing in the sun with a splif. Shit, maan. Its^([sic]) relaxation time!

2014 August 29, @7oneZ_FuckTDSB, Twitter:

The Huffington Post Canada
w:The Huffington Post Canada

(intransitive, MTE, slang) To relax, chill out.


fence

fence (third-person singular simple present fences, present participle fencing, simple past and past participle fenced)

fences (present singular third-person)
fencing (participle present)
fenced (participle past)
fenced (past)

From Middle English fence, fens, short for defence, defens (“the act of defending”), from Old French defens, defense (see defence).
The sense "enclosure" arises in the mid 15th century.
Also from the 15th century is use as a verb in the sense "to enclose with a fence". The generalized sense "to defend, screen, protect" arises ca. 1500. The sense "to fight with swords (rapiers)" is from the 1590s (Shakespeare).
Displaced native Old English heġe (compare Modern English hedge).

(intransitive, equestrianism) To jump over a fence.


stable

From Middle English stable, borrowed from Anglo-Norman stable, singular derived from the plural Latin stab(u)la (“dwellings, stables”).

close the stable door after the horse has been stolen

close the stable door after the horse has bolted

lock the stable door after the horse has been stolen

lock the stable door after the horse has bolted

shut the stable door after the horse has bolted

There were stalls for fourteen horses in the squire's stables.

We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner. He could not be induced to remain permanently at Mohair because Miss Trevor was at Asquith, but he appropriated a Hempstead cart from the Mohair stables and made the trip sometimes twice in a day.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

A building, wing or dependency set apart and adapted for lodging and feeding (and training) ungulates, especially horses.

حَظِيرَة

building for managing ungulates, normally horses

A group of people who are looked after, mentored, or trained in one place or for a particular purpose or profession.


stable

stable (third-person singular simple present stables, present participle stabling, simple past and past participle stabled)

stables (present singular third-person)
stabling (participle present)
stabled (participle past)
stabled (past)

S.R. Pacific No. 34010 Sidmouth leaves Wembley Central to stable the stock of its excursion from the S.R. at North Wembley; the train was run in connection with a Wembley football event on April 30, 1960.

1960 July, Trains Illustrated, page 385, photo caption:

Great Western Railway has placed its Class 143 Pacer fleet into warm storage, with the majority stabled at Exeter.

2020 April 22, “Fleet News: Passenger operators put parts of fleet into warm storage...”, in Rail, page 25:

(rail transport, transitive) To park (a rail vehicle).


stable

en-adj

stable (comparative stabler or more stable, superlative stablest or most stable)

stabler (comparative)
more stable (comparative)
stablest (superlative)
most stable (superlative)

From Middle English stable, from Anglo-Norman stable, stabel, from Latin stabilis (“firm, steadfast”) (itself from stare (“stand”) + -abilis (“able”)). Displaced native Old English staþolfæst.

You should download the 1.9 version of that video editing software: it is the latest stable version. The newer beta version has some bugs.

(computing) Of software: established to be relatively free of bugs, as opposed to a beta version.


curb

From Middle French courbe (“curve, curved object”), from Latin curvus (“bent, crooked, curved”). Doublet of curve.

der

He that before ran in the pastures wild / Felt the stiff curb controul his angry jaws.

1605, Michael Drayton, The Fourth Eclogue:

Captain went out in the cab all the morning. Harry came in after school to feed me and give me water. In the afternoon I was put into the cab. Jerry took as much pains to see if the collar and bridle fitted comfortably, as if he had been John Manly over again. When the crupper was let out a hole or two, it all fitted well. There was no bearing rein—no curb—nothing but a plain ring snaffle. What a blessing that was!

[1877], Anna Sewell, “A London Cab Horse”, in Black Beauty: […], London: Jarrold and Sons, […], →OCLC, part III, page 158:

A riding or driving bit for a horse that has rein action which amplifies the pressure in the mouth by leverage advantage placing pressure on the poll via the crown piece of the bridle and chin groove via a curb chain.


curb

en-verb

curb (third-person singular simple present curbs, present participle curbing, simple past and past participle curbed)

curbs (present singular third-person)
curbing (participle present)
curbed (participle past)
curbed (past)


fault

From Middle English faute, faulte, from Anglo-Norman faute, Old French faute, from Vulgar Latin *fallita (“shortcoming”), feminine of *fallitus, in place of Latin falsus, perfect passive participle of fallō (“deceive”). Displaced native Middle English schuld, schuild (“fault”) (from Old English scyld (“fault”)), Middle English lac (“fault, lack”) (from Middle Dutch lak (“lack, fault”)), Middle English last (“fault, vice”) (from Old Norse lǫstr (“fault, vice, crime”)). Compare French faute (“fault, foul”), Portuguese falta (“lack, shortage”) and Spanish falta (“lack, absence”). More at fail, false.

cog

If the horse refuses an obstacle, the rider will receive four faults.

(equestrianism) A penalty point assessed in horseback events such as show jumping.


chuck

(Scotland, obsolete, slang, in the plural) Money.


ocha

From Vulgar Latin auca, contraction of *avica, from Classical Latin avis (“bird”).


habena

la-noun

habēna f (genitive habēnae); first declension

habēna (canonical feminine)
habēnae (genitive)
habēna (nominative singular)
habēnae (nominative plural)
habēnae (genitive singular)
habēnārum (genitive plural)
habēnae (dative singular)
habēnīs (dative plural)
habēnam (accusative singular)
habēnās (accusative plural)
habēnā (ablative singular)
habēnīs (ablative plural)
habēna (singular vocative)
habēnae (plural vocative)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *aβuɨn (see there for further descendants)

… Rēgemque dedit quī foedere certō

And [Jupiter] gave [the winds] a king who by chartered agreement would know how to restrain as well as to give loosened reins [to them], [the king] having been commanded [to do so].
(Jupiter commands King Aeolus who metaphorically can harness the winds much as a charioteer drives horses. See Aeolus (son of Hippotes).)

et premere et laxās scīret dare iussus habēnās.

Hīc rēgum sceptrum dominus tenet

524 CE, Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy 4.1m

Here the lord of kings holds his sceptre, and controls the reins of the world


frontal

Borrowed from New Latin frontālis, from frons (“the forehead, brow, front”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix), equivalent to front + -al; cognate of French frontal. Doublet of frontalis.

af

(zootomy) Any of the scales of a reptile that lie in the general region of the forehead, more specifically between the eyes and to the anterior of this area.


bumper

Dutch: bumper

Japanese: バンパー (banpā)

Korean: 범퍼 (beompeo)

Russian: ба́мпер (bámper)

(horse racing) In National Hunt racing, a flat race for horses that have not yet competed either in flat racing or over obstacles.


dorsal

en-adj

dorsal (comparative more dorsal, superlative most dorsal)

more dorsal (comparative)
most dorsal (superlative)

From Late Middle English dorsal/dorsale, borrowing from Medieval Latin dorsālis (“of or relating to the back”), from dorsum (“the back”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix); equivalent to dorsum + -al.

ظَهْرِيّ

relating to the side in which the backbone is located

(anatomy, zootomy) With respect to, or concerning the side in which the backbone is located, or the analogous side of an invertebrate.

(anatomy) Relating to the top surface of the foot or hand.

背側 /背侧

relating to the top surface of foot or hand

(linguistics, of a sound) Produced using the dorsum of the tongue.


dorsal

(zootomy, in snakes) Any of the longitudinal series of plates that encircle the body, excluding the ventral scales.


dorsal

ca-adj

dorsal m or f (masculine and feminine plural dorsals)


blackleg

en-noun

blackleg (countable and uncountable, plural blacklegs)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-blackleg.wav

(uncountable, agriculture, veterinary medicine) A fatal cattle disease caused by the soil-borne bacterium Clostridium chauvoei; symptomatic anthrax.


boomer

(UK) A Eurasian bittern (subfamily Botaurinae).


caballo

es-noun

caballo m (plural caballos, feminine yegua, feminine plural yeguas)

caballos (plural)
yegua (feminine)
yeguas (feminine plural)

Chavacano: caballo

Papiamentu: cabai

→ Alcozauca Mixtec: kuái̱

→ Aymara: kawallu

→ Bikol Central: kabayo

→ Cahuilla: kaváayu

→ Cebuano: kabayo

→ Central Huasteca Nahuatl: kauayoj

→ Central Nahuatl: cahuayoh

→ Chamicuro: kawali

→ Chaná: kuayó, cauáio (uncertain)

→ Chol: cawayuʼ

desc

→ Classical Nahuatl: cahuāllo, caballo, cahualloh, cahuayo, cauallo, cavallo

→ Guaraní: kavaju

→ Ilocano: kabalio

→ Ivatan: kabayu

→ Kapampangan: kabayu

→ Lake Miwok: kawáj

→ Mecayapan Nahuatl: cahua̱yoj

→ Mapudungun: kawell, kawellu

→ Maranao: kabayo

→ Mbyá Guaraní: kavaju

→ Nivaclé: cuvôyu

→ O'odham: kaviyu

→ Papantla Totonac: kawayu

→ Paraguayan Guaraní: kavaju

→ Pipil: kāwayu

→ Quechua: kawallu

→ Sayula Popoluca: cawa̱yu

→ Seri: caay

→ Tagalog: kabayo

→ Waray-Waray: kabayo

→ Yatzachi Zapotec: cabey

→ Yosondúa Mixtec: kuayu

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: cabayw

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

Inherited from Late Latin caballus (“horse”), from Latin caballus (“pack horse”), of disputed origin. Compare Portuguese cavalo.

inh+

a caballo regalado no le mires el diente


villa

villa (nominative singular)
villat (nominative plural)
villan (genitive singular)
villoin (genitive plural)
villaa (partitive singular)
villoja (partitive plural)
villaa (illative singular)
villoi (illative plural)
villaas (inessive singular)
villois (inessive plural)
villast (elative singular)
villoist (elative plural)
villalle (allative singular)
villoille (allative plural)
villaal (adessive singular)
villoil (adessive plural)
villalt (ablative singular)
villoilt (ablative plural)
villaks (singular translative)
villoiks (plural translative)
villanna (essive singular)
villaan (essive singular)
villoinna (essive plural)
villoin (essive plural)
villant (exessive singular)
villoint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *villa. Cognates include Finnish villa and Estonian vill.


officer

English: officer

Scots: offisher

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman officer, officier, from Latin officiārius; equivalent to office + -er.

A hireling or subordinate; one employed to serve, especially at an estate.

An official or officeholder; the holder of a prominent office or position.

A municipal, local or societal official or officeholder.

A religious or ecclesiastical official or officeholder.

(religion) A deputy or subordinate of the forces of good or evil.

(rare) One who supervises or organises jousting.


spliff

From Jamaican Creole, possibly a blend of split, referring to the ready-made wrap + whiff, referring to the smell of the smoke.

smoke a spliff

Pablo switched off the wipers and struck a match to light the spliff he had just finished building.

1992, Victor Headley, Yardie, New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, published 1993, page 167:

Danny takes another toke on the spliff and then passes it over to Griff, who accepts it and draws deep on it and then points with the lit end across the room at Gwenno like some strange weatherman indicating a pocket of high pressure.

2001, Niall Griffiths, Sheepshagger, New York: Thomas Dunne, published 2002, page 104:

“Well, well, well,” Ma Taffy says, sitting back and returning the spliff to her mouth. She exhales a cloud of ganja that envelops herself and the boy.

2016, Kei Miller, “Chapter 1”, in Augustown, New York: Pantheon, pages 14–15:

(slang, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, Jamaica) A cannabis cigarette.


agneau

Inherited from Old French agnel, aignel, agniau, from Latin agnellus (according to the TLFi, an early borrowing), diminutive of agnus.

innocent comme l’agneau qui vient de naître


agnelle

Inherited from Old French, from Latin agnella, possibly borrowed.


lehm

lehma (genitive)
lehma (partitive)
lehm (nominative singular)
lehmad (nominative plural)
lehm (accusative nominative singular)
lehmad (accusative nominative plural)
lehma (accusative genitive singular)
lehmad (accusative genitive plural)
lehma (genitive singular)
lehmade (genitive plural)
lehma (partitive singular)
lehmi (partitive plural)
lehmasid (partitive plural)
lehma (illative singular)
lehmasse (illative singular)
lehmadesse (illative plural)
lehmisse (illative plural)
lehmas (inessive singular)
lehmades (inessive plural)
lehmis (inessive plural)
lehmast (elative singular)
lehmadest (elative plural)
lehmist (elative plural)
lehmale (allative singular)
lehmadele (allative plural)
lehmile (allative plural)
lehmal (adessive singular)
lehmadel (adessive plural)
lehmil (adessive plural)
lehmalt (ablative singular)
lehmadelt (ablative plural)
lehmilt (ablative plural)
lehmaks (singular translative)
lehmadeks (plural translative)
lehmiks (plural translative)
lehmani (singular terminative)
lehmadeni (plural terminative)
lehmana (essive singular)
lehmadena (essive plural)
lehmata (abessive singular)
lehmadeta (abessive plural)
lehmaga (comitative singular)
lehmadega (comitative plural)

Bos primigenius taurus
Bos primigenius taurus#Translingual


sucker

From Middle English souker, sokere, sukkere, soukere, equivalent to suck (verb) + -er. Compare Saterland Frisian Suuger, West Frisian sûker (“sucker”), Dutch zuiger (“sucker”), German Sauger (“dummy; vacuum”).

An organ or body part that does the sucking; especially a round structure on the bodies of some insects, frogs, and octopuses that allows them to stick to surfaces.


whisker

Middle English wisker, whisk (verb) + -er

One of the long, projecting hairs growing at the sides of the mouth of a cat, or other animal.

snor

long projecting hair at the sides of the mouth of a cat

(nautical) Spreaders from the bows to spread the bowsprit shrouds.

(statistics) A graphic element that shows the maxima and minima in a box plot.

Whisker

a graphic element that shows the maxima and minima in a box plot

One who, or that which, whisks, or moves with a quick, sweeping motion.

(metallurgy) A small tendril that forms on metal.


Berkshire

From Middle English Barrokschire, Berchesire, Barrokshyre, Berrucsire, from Old English Bearrocscire, Berrocscire, Bearrucscire, taken from the Bearroc woods, possibly from Proto-Brythonic *barrọg, perhaps meaning “hilly” (compare *barros (“hill, peak, top”)) + Old English sċīr (“shire, county”).

Berkshire
Berkshire (disambiguation)#Other places
Berkshire pig

Fairfield County
Fairfield County#English

A community of Sandy Hook, Newtown, Fairfield County, Connecticut.

A place in the United States:
A town in Tioga County, New York.

An unincorporated community and township in Delaware County, Ohio.

A place in the United States:
A town in Franklin County, Vermont.


Shropshire

/ˈʃɹɒp.ʃə(ɹ)/

From Old English Sċrobbesbyriġscīr, from Sċrobbesburh (“Shrewsbury”) + sċīr (“shire”).

Telford and Wrekin
Telford and Wrekin#English

Shropshire Council, a local government unitary authority which replaced the county council in 2009 in all of Shropshire except Telford and Wrekin.


Sussex

en-proper noun

Sussex (countable and uncountable, plural Sussexes)

Inherited from Old English Sūþseaxan (literally “South Saxons”), which stood for both Sussex and its people.
The town in New Brunswick may have been named after Sussex, New Jersey. The civil parish is named after the town.

inh+

A civil parish of Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada.


shank

From Middle English schanke, from Old English sċanca (“leg”), from Proto-West Germanic *skankō, from Proto-Germanic *skankô (compare West Frisian skonk, Low German Schanke, German Schenkel (“shank, leg”), Danish skank, Norwegian skank, Swedish skänkel), from *skankaz (compare Old Norse skakkr (“wry, crooked”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng- (compare Middle Irish scingim (“I spring”), Ancient Greek σκάζω (skázō, “to limp”).

The metal part on a curb bit that falls below the mouthpiece, which length controls the severity of the leverage action of the bit, and to which the reins of the bridle are attached.

The end or remainder, particularly of a period of time.

the shank of the morning

AMANDA: Going now? You're joking! Why, it's only the shank of the evening, Mr. O’Connor!

1945, Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie, page 92:

The main part or beginning of a period of time.


measly

en-adj

measly (comparative measlier, superlative measliest)

measlier (comparative)
measliest (superlative)

From measle (“singular of measles”) + -y; the word measle is either from Middle Dutch masel (“a blister filled with blood; a pustule, a skin blemish”), or Middle Low German masel (“a red skin blemish”), from Proto-Germanic *masuraz (“a knot or scar in wood; a knarl”), from *mas-, *mēs- (“a spot; a sore; a scar”), from Proto-Indo-European *mos- (“a skin sore”).

suffix

singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">measles</i>

der

For one whole day's work all I was given was twenty measly pounds.

The visiting tourists eagerly forked over a measly two dollars per group to their guides as payment for their services. This amount was measly sum to the givers, but a princely sum to the takers.

2004, Richard Rizun, Ora, Trafford Publishing, →ISBN:

So it wasn't a hotel, as I said in my novel, just a measly motel. But to me it was like the First measly motel, and I remember laughing about the things I was saying straight from my unconscious to both his and God's ear.

2010, Marylee Daniel Mitcham, Blacktime Song by Rosalie Wolfe, Strategic Book Publishing, →ISBN, page 127:

(figuratively, informal) Small (especially contemptibly small) in amount.


raga

rȁga (canonical feminine)
ра̏га (Cyrillic)
raga (nominative singular)
rage (nominative plural)
rage (genitive singular)
raga (genitive plural)
ragi (dative singular)
ragama (dative plural)
ragu (accusative singular)
rage (accusative plural)
rago (singular vocative)
rage (plural vocative)
ragi (locative singular)
ragama (locative plural)
ragom (instrumental singular)
ragama (instrumental plural)


gula

gularz (masculine)
gula (nominative singular)
gule (nominative plural)
guli (genitive singular)
guli (genitive plural)
gul (genitive plural)
guli (dative singular)
gulom (dative plural)
gulę (accusative singular)
gule (accusative plural)
gulą (instrumental singular)
gulami (instrumental plural)
guli (locative singular)
gulach (locative plural)
gulo (singular vocative)
gule (plural vocative)

Alternative form: guła


munchies

en-noun

munchies pl (normally plural, singular munchie or munchy)

We were given the first name of the host, the address of the apartment and told to bring whatever toys we wanted. Beer and munchies would be on hand.

1988 May 7, Christopher Wittke, “It Takes Two To Tango”, in Gay Community News, page 8:

(slang) Food, especially convenience snack foods.

I've got the munchies.

I got the munchies, we got the Mary Jane in the Dungeon / Just to let you niggas know in '93, that's how we coming

1993, “Player’s Ball”, performed by OutKast:

The girl, who has not been publicly identified, sold more than 300 boxes in six hours, her father told ABC 10. Boxes now sell for as much as $5 in parts of the country, so she probably raised more than $1,500. Yes, there’s money in the munchies.

2018 February 8, Daniel Victor, “A Girl Scout Sold 300 Boxes of Cookies Near a Marijuana Shop”, in New York Times:

(slang, with the definite article) Hunger, especially a craving for food as a result of cannabis or alcohol consumption.

boefkik

craving for food as a result of use of cannabis


anatine

en-adj

anatine (comparative more anatine, superlative most anatine)

more anatine (comparative)
most anatine (superlative)

From Latin anatīnus, from anas, anatis (“a duck”) + -inus (“-ine”).

(zoology) Being of the family Anatidae, comprising the swans, geese, and ducks.


flyer

→ Finnish: flaijeri

→ French: flyer

→ German: Flyer

→ Korean: 플라이어 (peullaieo)

→ Portuguese: flyer

From fly + -er (agent noun suffix).
With regard to the sense "female kangaroo": because of the high speed at which they move.

طَيَّار

someone who pilots or rides in an airplane

A female kangaroo; a roo; a doe; a jill.


coch

cy-adj

coch (feminine singular coch, plural cochion, equative coched, comparative cochach, superlative cochaf)

coch (feminine singular)
cochion (plural)
coched (equative)
cochach (comparative)
cochaf (superlative)
coch
goch (soft)
nghoch
choch

From Middle Welsh coch, from Proto-Brythonic *kox, borrowed from Latin coccum (“scarlet berry”), from Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos, “berry”). Cognate with Cornish kogh (“scarlet”).

1973, Robat Gruffudd, Englynion Coch [Dirty Poems]:


pupil

pl-noun

pupil m pers (female equivalent pupilka, diminutive pupilek, related adjective pupilarny)

pupilka (feminine)
pupilek (diminutive)
pupilarny (adjective)
pupil (nominative singular)
pupile (nominative plural)
pupila (genitive singular)
pupili (genitive plural)
pupilów (genitive plural)
pupilowi (dative singular)
pupilom (dative plural)
pupila (accusative singular)
pupili (accusative plural)
pupilów (accusative plural)
pupilem (instrumental singular)
pupilami (instrumental plural)
pupilu (locative singular)
pupilach (locative plural)
pupilu (singular vocative)
pupile (plural vocative)

favorite son, favored student, protégé, teacher's pet (student who is perceived to be favored by the teacher)


retina

la-noun

retina f (genitive retinae); first declension

retinae (genitive)
retina (nominative singular)
retinae (nominative plural)
retinae (genitive singular)
retinārum (genitive plural)
retinae (dative singular)
retinīs (dative plural)
retinam (accusative singular)
retinās (accusative plural)
retinā (ablative singular)
retinīs (ablative plural)
retina (singular vocative)
retinae (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Old Italian: redina (plural redine)

⇒ Italian: redine (new singular)

Tuscan: redola (Lucca)

Neapolitan: rétena

Sicilian: rètina

→ Byzantine Greek: ρέτενα (rétena)

North Italian: (sometimes blended with briglia)

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: redna

Ligurian: rédena

Lombard: rèdena, redna

Piedmontese: rëdna, rënna

Ladin: remni (pl.) ⇒ breni

Friulian: rèdine ⇒ brene

Romansch: regna

Venetan: redena ⇒ brena

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: resne, redne (archaic), reyne, raine, raigne, raisne, reine, resine, renne
French: rêne
→ English: rein

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: regna

Occitan: retna

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: redẽa

Galician: rédea

Portuguese: rédea

Old Spanish: rienda

Spanish: rienda
→? Galician: renda
→ Tagalog: renda

Generally explained as a deverbal of retineō (“hold back”). Alternatively, derived from retinācula ("reins" - far more common than the singular retināculum), reinterpreted as a feminine diminutive and back-formed into retina. Attested in the Glossarium Ansileubi, which was written between 650 and 800 CE.

Apprehensaque equi Retina, celeriter eum Beneventum ducebat

10th century, anonymous, Chronicon Salernitanum 68, (example from DuCange)

Having seized the horse's rein(s), he quickly rode it to Benevento.

rein (strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit, used to control an animal)


vault

Borrowed from Middle French volter (“to turn or spin around; to frolic”), borrowed from Italian voltare, itself from a Vulgar Latin frequentative form of Latin volvere; later assimilated to Etymology 1, above.

bor

(equestrianism) Synonym of volte: a circular movement by the horse.


topa

(vulgar, slang) pussy (female genitalia)


velvet

en-noun

velvet (countable and uncountable, plural velvets)

From Middle English velvet, velwet, veluet, from Old Occitan veluet, from Late Latin villutittus, diminutive of villūtus, from Latin villus (“shaggy hair, tuft of hair”). Cognate with French velours.

uder

(rare, countable) A female chinchilla; a sow.


porker

From pork + -er.
* (obese person; police officer): Carried over from the same senses of pig.
* (a lie): Extension of the rhyming slang pork pie.


pizzle

From Dutch Low Saxon pesel or West Flemish pezel, diminutive of Middle Dutch pese (“a sinew, tendon, string, pizzle”), from Old Dutch *pisa (“sinew, string, fibre”), possibly ultimately related to vezel (“fiber”), from Proto-West Germanic *fas-il-, from Proto-Indo-European *pē̆s- (“to blow”) (see Old High German faso (“fiber”)); in which case this alternation *pes- / *fes- may indicate a repeated borrowing from a (non-Indo-European?) substrate language.
Cognate with Dutch pees, Middle Low German pese (“tendon, bowstring”), Dutch pees (“sinew, tendon”), German Low German Peserick, Pesel (“pizzle”), dialectal German Pisel (“penis”).

cog

A baton made from the penis of an ox, once used to beat men and animals.


bov

From Latin bōs, bovem, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōws.


schwag

Unknown. Possibly related to shag (“shredded tobacco”). The "marijuana" noun sense is attested since the 1980s in the United States, the adjective since the 1990s. The "trinkets or items given away" sense is a variant of swag from 19th century thieves' cant.

National pride deserves something more than a fistful of freebies from a governmental schwag bag or the wearing of any one of the staggering array of commercially available pins.

2004, Blaise Cronin, Jeremiad Jottings, Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, →ISBN, page 91:

(slang) Alternative form of swag (“trinkets or promotional items given away at an event”).


farcical

(veterinary medicine, obsolete, rare) Pertaining to farcy.


maverick

Named after Texan lawyer and politician Samuel Maverick (1803–1870), who refused to brand his cattle. For probable origin and meaning, see Maverick.
The poker noun sense (“a queen and a jack as a starting hand in Texas hold 'em”) may be from the theme song of the US Western television series Maverick (1957–1962), which says of the eponymous protagonist that “[g]amblin’ is his game” and that he is “livin’ on jacks and queens”.

named-after

They had been working for and with each other for a very long period and their tolerance for “mavericks” was very high, especially if these mavericks continued to get promoted.

2013, John T. Kuehn, “The Navy, Treaties, and Innovation”, in Agents of Innovation: The General Board and the Design of the Fleet that Defeated the Japanese Navy, Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, →ISBN, page 9:

(military) A person in the military who became an officer by going to college while on active duty as an enlisted person.


lamp

cim-noun

lamp n (plural lémper, diminutive lèmple)

From Middle High German lamp, from Old High German lamb, from Proto-Germanic *lambaz. Cognate with German Lamm, Dutch lam, English lamb, Icelandic lamb.


pharynx

Borrowing from New Latin pharynx, from Ancient Greek φᾰ́ρῠγξ (phắrŭnx, “throat”).

der

(zootomy) The part of the alimentary canal immediately behind the mouth in invertebrates that may be thickened and muscular, eversible and toothed, or adapted as a suctorial organ.


abur

abúr (canonical masculine)
abuuritté (feminine plural)
abúr (absolutive)
abúuru (predicative)
abúr (subjective)
abúr (genitive)
abúurul (l-case)
abúuruk (k-case)
abúurut (t-case)
abúuruh (h-case)


ciută

ciute (plural)
ciută (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
ciuta (accusative definite nominative singular)
ciute (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
ciutele (accusative definite nominative plural)
ciute (indefinite singular)
ciutei (definite singular)
ciutelor (definite plural)
ciută (singular vocative)
ciuto (singular vocative)
ciutelor (vocative)

Either a substratum word, or from Late Proto-Albanian *tšutā, from Proto-Albanian *tšuktā. Cognate to Albanian sutë (“doe”) from the same source.


mânz

ro-noun

mânz m (plural mânji, feminine equivalent mânză)

mânji (plural)
equivalent mânză (feminine)
mânz (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mânzul (accusative definite nominative singular)
mânji (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mânjii (accusative definite nominative plural)
mânz (indefinite singular)
mânzului (definite singular)
mânji (indefinite singular)
mânjilor (definite plural)
mânzule (singular vocative)
mânjilor (vocative)

Origin disputed.
* Compare Aromanian mãndzu, Megleno-Romanian mǫndz; possibly from or related and cognate to Albanian (Gheg) mâz (compare standard mëz and Old Albanian manz) through the substratum, or of Illyrian origin.
* Compare the Thracian word mezenai (“horse”) and Messapic Menzana, a horse deity.
* Compare also Italian manzo, Latin mannus and Gaulish manduos, probably ultimately from the same source.


mânzare

mânzări (plural)
mânzare (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mânzarea (accusative definite nominative singular)
mânzări (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mânzările (accusative definite nominative plural)
mânzări (indefinite singular)
mânzării (definite singular)
mânzărilor (definite plural)

Probably a substratum word, compare mânz.


murg

ro-adj

murg m or n (feminine singular murgă, masculine plural murgi, feminine and neuter plural murge)

murgă (feminine singular)
murgi (masculine plural)
murge (feminine neuter plural)
murg (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
murgă (feminine indefinite singular)
murgi (indefinite masculine singular)
murge (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
murgul (definite masculine neuter singular)
murga (definite feminine singular)
murgii (definite masculine singular)
murgele (definite feminine neuter plural)
murge (feminine indefinite singular)
murgului (definite masculine neuter singular)
murgei (definite feminine singular)
murgelor (definite masculine singular)
murgilor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Unknown. Probably from Paleo-Balkan, akin to Albanian murgash. The word seems to also coincide with several similar words in nearby Slavic languages, such as Bulgarian мургав (murgav), but the relation between them is unclear. Other less probable theories have included a Greek root *μουρικος, perhaps through a Latin intermediate *moricus, instead of morulus, or a Greek root ἀμόργη ("remains of olives") through Latin amurca. However, the fact that it is present in the other Eastern Romance languages such as Aromanian murgu and Megleno-Romanian murg, and is paired with an initial a to form the related word amurg, seems to indicate it is probably an older and inherited word of some kind (compare acasă, afund, aminte), rather than a later Slavic borrowing. Nonetheless, the exact source is as yet uncertain.


rață

ro-noun

rață f (plural rațe, masculine equivalent rățoi)

rațe (plural)
equivalent rățoi (masculine)
rață (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
rața (accusative definite nominative singular)
rațe (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
rațele (accusative definite nominative plural)
rațe (indefinite singular)
raței (definite singular)
rațelor (definite plural)
rață (singular vocative)
rațo (singular vocative)
rațelor (vocative)

Definite origin uncertain. Possibly a substrate word, akin to Albanian rosë (< *ratsa?), or from South Slavic (compare Serbo-Croatian and Slovene raca, Serbian dialect race, Bulgarian ряца (rjaca)); compare also Friulian raze, Occitan rit, Hungarian réce, Romani ratsoy.


strugure

struguri (plural)
strugure (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
strugurele (accusative definite nominative singular)
struguri (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
strugurii (accusative definite nominative plural)
strugure (indefinite singular)
strugurelui (definite singular)
struguri (indefinite singular)
strugurilor (definite plural)
strugure (singular vocative)
strugurilor (vocative)

Origin uncertain. Many theories have been proposed. Possibly a singularised plural of strug (now a regional term found in Bessarabia), which may be related to strung (“lathe”), strunji or the verb struji (“to clean feathers, branches, cobs of corn, etc.; to shave or scrape off; to chisel”), a regionalism of Slavic origin, possibly borrowed from Middle Bulgarian стръжити (strŭžiti), стругати (strugati) (whence Bulgarian стръга́ (strǎgá), стръжа́ (strǎžá, “to flake off, chip off; rub”). For the semantic development, compare: Spanish raspa (“bunch of grapes”), from the verb raspar (“scrape; file or sand down”). Alternatively, strug may be borrowed from Ancient Greek τρύγος (trúgos), τρυγή (trugḗ, “vine harvest”). Other less likely etymologies include a Latin *stribulus or *strubulus, a Gepid thrubilo or struwilo, corresponding to German Träubel (“grape hyacinth”), or a substratum origin (although the word doesn't seem to have an Albanian or other Balkan equivalent). Replaced Old Romanian auă, from Latin uva.

(regional or obsolete) bunch, cluster (of grapes or otherwise)


țap

țapi (plural)
țap (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
țapul (accusative definite nominative singular)
țapi (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
țapii (accusative definite nominative plural)
țap (indefinite singular)
țapului (definite singular)
țapi (indefinite singular)
țapilor (definite plural)
țapule (singular vocative)
țapilor (vocative)

Possibly borrowed from Old Church Slavonic цапъ (capŭ), from Proto-Slavic *capъ, from Gothic [Term?], from Latin caper, making it a doublet of capră. Also akin to or derived from Albanian cjap. Compare Aromanian tsap, Megleno-Romanian țap, Italian zappo.
Alternately, it may have been borrowed directly from Gothic [Term?], from which the dialectal Italian zappo was also derived.


anaso

eo-head

anaso (accusative singular anason, plural anasoj, accusative plural anasojn)

anason (accusative singular)
anasoj (plural)
anasojn (accusative plural)

From Latin anas. Compare Italian anatra.

Holonym: anasaro

Meronym: anasaĵo


apro

apro (accusative singular apron, plural aproj, accusative plural aprojn)

apron (accusative singular)
aproj (plural)
aprojn (accusative plural)


brandy

en-noun

brandy (countable and uncountable, plural brandies)

→ Abenaki: blandi

→ Basque: brandy

→ Cebuano: brandi

→ Chinese:

Cantonese: 拔蘭地 /拔兰地 (bat⁶ laan⁴⁻¹ dei⁶⁻²), 白蘭地 /白兰地 (baak⁶ laan⁴⁻¹ dei⁶⁻²)

Mandarin: 白蘭地 /白兰地 (báilándì)

Min Nan: 物蘭池 /物兰池 (bu̍t-lân-tî)

→ Czech: brandy

→ Danish: brandy

→ Dutch: brandy

→ Esperanto: brando

→ Estonian: brändi

→ Finnish: brandy

→ Galician: brandy

→ German: Brandy

→ Greek: μπράντι (bránti)

→ Hungarian: brandy

→ Icelandic: brandí

→ Irish: branda

→ Italian: brandy

→ Japanese: ブランデー (burandē)

→ Korean: 브랜디 (beuraendi)

→ Lower Sorbian: brandy

→ Norwegian: brandy

→ Occitan: brandy

→ Polish: brandy

desc

→ Portuguese: brande, (unadapted form) brandy

→ Romanian: brandy

desctree

→ Russian: бренди (brendi)
→ Armenian: բրենդի (brendi)

→ Scottish Gaelic: branndaidh

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бренди

Latin script: brendi

→ Spanish: brandy

→ Swahili: brandi

→ Swedish: brandy

→ Tagalog: brandi

→ Thai: บรั่นดี (bà-ràn-dii)

→ Turkish: brendi

→ Vietnamese: brandy, branđi

→ Welsh: brandi

Shortened form of brandywine, from Dutch brandewijn (“burnt wine”). Compare German Brantewein, Branntwein.

(uncountable) An alcoholic liquor distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice.


brandy

en-verb

brandy (third-person singular simple present brandies, present participle brandying, simple past and past participle brandied)

brandies (present singular third-person)
brandying (participle present)
brandied (participle past)
brandied (past)

(transitive) To preserve, flavour, or mix with brandy.

säilöä brandyyn

to preserve, flavour, or mix with brandy


measles

en-noun

measles pl (normally plural, singular measle)

Either from Middle Dutch masels (“blood blisters, measels”) or Middle Low German maselen (“red blemishes, measels”), both from Old High German masala (“blood blister, phlegmon”). Doublet of measlings. Cognate with mazer & mase and Middle Low German masele & māsel. Influenced in pronunciation and some senses by mesel (“leprous, leper”).

der

The Swyne dyed of the Measils.

Porcine measles, thought by classical writers to be leprosy, is actually the result of tapeworm cysts which cause ulcerations of the pig's tongue.

1992, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell, The History of Food, page 416:

(veterinary medicine) Synonym of cysticercosis: A disease of livestock or meat caused by the presence of tapeworm larvae.


bindi

bindī̀ (canonical masculine)
bindìn (possessed-form)


bovo

eo-head

bovo (accusative singular bovon, plural bovoj, accusative plural bovojn)

bovon (accusative singular)
bovoj (plural)
bovojn (accusative plural)

From Latin bōs, bovis, Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōws.

Kiom da bovoj la ranĉisto forvendos?

How many cattle will the rancher sell off?

a head of cattle (a cow, bull, steer, etc.) (archaic English neat).


bovo

Borrowed from Esperanto bovo, Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), English beef, French boeuf, Italian bove, Spanish buey, from Latin bōs, bovis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōws.


brido

Borrowed from Esperanto brido, English bridle, French bride, Italian briglia, Spanish brida, of Germanic origins.


squeal

Inherited from Middle English squelen, probably from Old Norse skvala (“to squeal, bawl”), from Proto-Germanic *skwel- (“to chatter, babble, scream”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *skel-, from *kelh₁- (“to ring, resound, cry”). Compare Old Norse skval (“a squeal”, noun), Swedish skvallra (“to babble, chatter, tell on”).

cog

A high-pitched sound, such as the scream of a child or a female person, or noisy worn-down brake pads.


plumage

en-noun

plumage (countable and uncountable, plural plumages)

From Old French plumage (14c.), itself from plume (“feather”) (from Latin plūma (“feather, down”), from a Proto-Indo-European base *plews- (“to pluck, a feather, fleece”) + -age.

Somewhat like a heron she was, but stouter, and shorter of leg, and her beak shorter and thicker than the heron’s; and so long and delicate was her pale gray plumage that hard it was to say whether it were hair or feathers.

1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros, London: Jonathan Cape, page 33:

[Owner]: No no he's not dead, he's, he's restin'! Remarkable bird, the Norwegian Blue, idn'it, ay? Beautiful plumage!
[Mr. Praline]: The plumage don't enter into it. It's stone dead.

1969, Monty Python, “Monty Python’s Flying Circus”, in Dead Parrot sketch:

(ornithology, collective noun) Layer or collection of feathers covering a bird’s body; feathers used ornamentally; feathering.


wigwam

Borrowed from Abenaki wigwôm (“house”) or Penobscot wigwom (“house”), from Proto-Algonquian *wi·kiwa·ʔmi (“house”). Doublet of wickiup.

A dwelling having an arched framework overlaid with bark, hides, or mats, used by Native Americans in the northeastern United States.


bubalo

eo-head

bubalo (accusative singular bubalon, plural bubaloj, accusative plural bubalojn)

bubalon (accusative singular)
bubaloj (plural)
bubalojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Latin būbalus, from Ancient Greek βούβᾰλος (boúbălos, “antelope, wild ox”). Compare Spanish búbalo, Italian bufalo, French buffle, German Büffel, Polish bawół, Russian бу́йвол (bújvol), as well as Irish buabhall, Modern Greek βουβάλι (vouváli), Romanian bivol, Latvian bifelis.


ĉamo

eo-head

ĉamo (accusative singular ĉamon, plural ĉamoj, accusative plural ĉamojn)

ĉamon (accusative singular)
ĉamoj (plural)
ĉamojn (accusative plural)

Rupicapra rupicapra
Rupicapra rupicapra#Translingual


cuttlefish bone

en-noun

cuttlefish bone (plural cuttlefish bones)

/ˌkʌtl̩fɪʃ ˈbəʊn/

The calcareous, oval-shaped internal shell of a cuttlefish (order Sepiida), originally used in powdered form as an antacid and for absorbing moisture or polishing objects, and now chiefly as a dietary supplement for cage birds.


ĉevalo

eo-head

ĉevalo (accusative singular ĉevalon, plural ĉevaloj, accusative plural ĉevalojn)

ĉevalon (accusative singular)
ĉevaloj (plural)
ĉevalojn (accusative plural)


THC

thermohaline circulation
thermohaline circulation#English

Abbreviation of thermohaline circulation.


THC

THC (canonical)
tī-etchi-shī (romanization)

テトラヒドロカンナビノール テトラヒドロカンナビノール#Japanese

Initialism of テトラヒドロカンナビノール (tetorahidorokannabinōru).


fetlock

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fetlock.wav

From Middle English fitlokes, feetlakkes pl, equivalent to foot + lock (“tuft of hair”). Cognate with Middle Low German fitlok, fitlock (“fetlock”), Dutch vitlok, vittelokke, vitslok, German Fissloch, Fisloch, Fislach (“fetlock; pastern”).

The tuft of hair that grows at this joint.


stifle

The verb is derived from Late Middle English stuflen (“to have difficulty breathing due to heat, stifle; to suffocate by drowning, drown”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain, perhaps from stuffen (“to kill by suffocation; to stifle from heat; to extinguish, suppress (body heat, breath, humour, etc.); to deprive a plant of the conditions necessary for growth, choke”) + -el- (derivational infix in verbs, often denoting diminutive, intensive, or repetitive actions or events). Stuffen is derived from Old French estofer, estouffer (“to choke, strangle, suffocate; (figuratively) to inhibit, prevent”) [and other forms] (modern French étouffer), a variant of estoper, estuper (“to block, plug, stop up; to stiffen, thicken”) (modern French étouper (“to caulk”)), influenced by estofer (“to pad, stuff; to upholster”) (modern French étoffer). Estoper is derived from Vulgar Latin *stuppāre, from Latin stuppa (“coarse flax, tow”) (as a stuffing material; from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē) (compare στυππεῖον (stuppeîon)); probably from Pre-Greek) + -āre. According to the Oxford English Dictionary a derivation from Old Norse stífla (“to dam; to choke, stop up”) “appears untenable on the ground both of form and sense”.
The noun is derived from the verb.

noncog

(rare) An act or state of being stifled.


stifle

The noun is derived from Middle English stifle (“joint between the femur and tibia of a quadruped”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain, probably derived from Anglo-Norman estive (“leg”), and Old French estive (“leg”) (compare Old French estival (“boot, shoe”)).
The verb is derived from the noun.

ref

From C[harles] J[ames] Korinek, A[lbie] W[illiam] Korinek (1915) “Diseases of the Horse: Cause, Symptoms and Treatment”, in Diseases of Domestic Animals and Poultry: Their Cause, Symptoms and Treatment, Portland, Or.: Korinek Remedy Company, →OCLC, page 10.

inh

(zootomy) The joint between the femur and tibia in the hind leg of various four-legged mammals, especially horses, corresponding to the knee in humans.

polvi

(veterinary medicine) A bone disease of this region.


cloaca

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cloaca.wav

Borrowed from Latin cloāca (“sewer”), from cluō (“cleanse; purge”).

In birds the rectum, at the termination of its canal, forms an oval or elongated pouch […] and then expands into a cavity, which has been named cloaca.

1822, John Mason Good, The Study of Medicine, volume I, page 7:

(anatomy, zoology) The opening in reptiles, amphibians and birds, as well as elasmobranchians, lobe-finned fishes, marsupials and monotreme mammals, which serves as the common outlet for the urogenital ducts and rectum.

клоа́ка

anatomical feature of birds, reptiles, etc.

総排出腔

そうはいしゅつこう, sōhaishutsukō, そうはいしゅつくう, sōhaishutsukū

排出腔

はいしゅつこう, haishutsukō, はいしゅつくう, haishutsukū

Across this shell [sc. of bone] small holes are eaten, by which the matter escapes, and which are called cloacae (Weidmann).

1846, Joseph François Malgaigne, translated by Frederick Brittan, Manual of Operative Surgery, page 172:

(anatomy) A duct through which gangrenous material escapes a body.

(embryology) Structure in the embryo during the development of the reproductive and urinary systems.


floating

(veterinary medicine) A veterinary dental procedure involving the filing down of sharp surfaces on a horse's teeth.


gobbler

One who gobbles:
(slang) A turkey.
Especially, a male turkey.

One who gobbles:
A turkey.
Especially, a male turkey.


heterodont

/ˈhɛtəɹəʊdɒnt/

/ˈhɛtəɹəˌdɑnt/

From hetero- (prefix meaning ‘different’) + -odont (suffix meaning ‘tooth; toothed’). Hetero- is derived from Ancient Greek ἕτερος (héteros, “one or the other of two; different”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together; one”); while -odont is from Ancient Greek ὀδούς (odoús, “tooth; tusk”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to bite”) + *-ónts (suffix forming nouns denoting body parts). By surface analysis, hetero- + -odont.

der

"On the Homologies and Notation of the Teeth of Mammalia," by W[illiam] H[enry] Flower, F.R.S. […] The classification and special homologies of the teeth of the heterodont mammals was next discussed.

1868, “Quarterly Chronicle of Microscopical Science”, in Edwin Lankester, George Busk, editors, Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, volume VIII (New Series; volume XVI overall), London: John Churchill and Sons, […], →OCLC, pages 277–278:

The adaptation of the form of the teeth on both sides to this position, and the accurate adjustment of their contiguous surfaces, shows that it is a natural conformation. They are, moreover, of very nearly even height throughout the series, and in their configuration present a remarkable and gradual transition from the first incisor to the last molar, easily traced in both jaws, and more even and regular than in any other known heterodont mammal.

1873 June 19, William Henry Flower, “VI. On a Newly Discovered Extinct Ungulate Mammal from Patagonia, Homalodontotherium Cunninghami.”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, volume 164, London: […] Taylor and Francis, […], published 1874, →OCLC, page 175:

The few common characters by which the Edentata are associated are too well known to need repetition. The principal one is the abseance of any trace of the typical heterodont and diphyodont dentition, found in a more or less modified form in all other placental mammals.

1882 April 18, William Henry Flower, “On the Mutual Affinities of the Animals Composing the Order Edentata”, in Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, number XXV, London: […] [Zoological] Society [of London]; Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, […], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 359:

[I]n many heterodont forms the teeth at the anterior end of the series of premolars and molars are small teeth, standing to the teeth behind them as the first terms of a series more or less regularly progressing in size.

1894, William Bateson, “Linear Series—continued”, in Materials for the Study of Variation Treated with Especial Regard to Discontinuity in the Origin of Species, London, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 269:

The process of evolution of the specialised heterodont dentition of the Mammalia, or of the Theriodontia, from the simple homodont and polyphyodont dentition of the lower Reptilia would, I think, necessarily cause a reduction in number of the successional sets of teeth, due to an enlargement of one set and a consequent abstraction of growth, energy and material from the underlying sets.

1894 August 1, M. F. Woodward, “On the Succession and Genesis of Mammalian Teeth”, in W. H. Dolamore, editor, The Dental Record: A Monthly Journal of Dental Science, Art, and Literature, Devoted to the Interests of the Profession, volume XIV, number 8, London, Manchester: Dental Manufacturing Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 375:

Finally the structure of the palate in ?Acrodus (and to a lesser extent, Hybodus and Asteracanthus) shows certain general resemblances to that of modern heterodont sharks, particularly in the lower postorbital ramus, absence of an orbital process, well-developed ethmoidal articulations and absence of a basal angle.

1981 April 2, Keith Stewart Thomson, “An Early Triassic Hybodont Shark from Northern Madagascar”, in Postilla, number 186, New Haven, Conn.: Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, published 15 February 1982, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 13, column 1:

Mammalian teeth are characteristically heterodont, i.e. teeth are dissimilar in shape and size.

2007 March, “Dentition in Mammals”, in Mahendra Jain, editor, Competition Science Vision: A Specialized Magazine for Medical Entrance & 10+2 Exams, volume 10, number 109, Agra, Uttar Pradesh: Mahendra Jain for Pratiyogita Darpan, →OCLC, page 76, column 2:

The first cetaceans were heterodont and had multicusped cheek teeth. […] The earliest odontocetes were heterodont, and the earliest mysticetes retained teeth[…], though vascular grooves on their palates suggest baleen too[…].

2010, Peter S. Ungar, “Cenozoic Mammalian Evolution”, in Mammal Teeth: Origin, Evolution, and Diversity, Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, →ISBN, part II (The Evolution of Mammal Teeth), page 120, column 1:

(zootomy) Having teeth of different types (like most mammals).


heifer

Inherited from Middle English heyfre, hayfre, heyfer, from Old English hēahfore, hēahfru, of disputed origin; see the Old English entry for more discussion.

And the Lord ſpake vnto Moſes and vnto Aaron, ſaying, This is the ordinance of the Law, which the Lord hath commaunded, ſaying, Speak vnto the childꝛen of Iſrael, that they bꝛing thee a red heifer without ſpot, wherein is no blemiſh, and vpon which neuer came yoke.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 19:1–2:

We muſt be neat; not neat, but cleanly, Captaine: / And yet the Steere, the Heycfer^([sic]), and the Calfe, / Are all call'd Neat.

c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 278:

The breath of the mountain heifer was fragrant as the gales of Sirendiep, by feeding on ſpicy herbs.

1769, Firishta, translated by Alexander Dow, Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi, volume I, Dublin: P. and W. Wilson et al., page iv:

A young female cow, (particularly) one over one year old but which has not calved.


forger

forger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
forgeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
forgé (participle past)
forge (first-person indicative present singular)
forges (indicative present second-person singular)
forge (indicative present singular third-person)
forgeons (first-person indicative plural present)
forgez (indicative plural present second-person)
forgent (indicative plural present third-person)
forgeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
forgeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
forgeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
forgions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
forgiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
forgeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
forgeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
forgeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
forgea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
forgeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
forgeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
forgèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
forgerai (first-person future indicative singular)
forgeras (future indicative second-person singular)
forgera (future indicative singular third-person)
forgerons (first-person future indicative plural)
forgerez (future indicative plural second-person)
forgeront (future indicative plural third-person)
forgerais (conditional first-person singular)
forgerais (conditional second-person singular)
forgerait (conditional singular third-person)
forgerions (conditional first-person plural)
forgeriez (conditional plural second-person)
forgeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
forge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
forges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
forge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
forgions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
forgiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
forgent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
forgeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
forgeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
forgeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
forgeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
forgeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
forgeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
forge (imperative second-person singular)
forgeons (first-person imperative plural)
forgez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French forger, forgier, from Latin fabricāre. Doublet of fabriquer.

c’est en forgeant qu’on devient forgeron


gill

From Middle English gille, gylle (“gill”), of North Germanic origin, akin to Danish gælle, Swedish gäl, Norwegian gjelle, and further to Old Norse gjǫlnar (“lips”), which also may have had the meaning of "gills" (based on Old Danish fiskegæln (“gills”)). The Old Norse word has been suggested as deriving from Proto-Germanic *gelunō (“jaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel-, which would make it root-cognate to Ancient Greek χελύνη (khelúnē, “lip, jaw”), χεῖλος (kheîlos, “lip”).
Displaced native Old English ċīe.

cog

Fishes […] perform their respiration under water by the gills.

1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation. […], London: […] Samuel Smith, […], →OCLC:

(zootomy) A breathing organ of fish and other aquatic animals.

Gill nets are designed to catch a fish by the gills.

(spinning) One of the combs of closely ranged steel pins which divide the ribbons of flax fiber or wool into fewer parallel filaments.


gill

From Middle English gille, from Old French gille (“a wine measure”), from Medieval Latin gillo (“earthenware jar”).

der

(archaic, British) A measuring jug holding a quarter or half a pint.

(dated, US) A unit of measure equal to 4 US fluid ounces (half a cup, a quarter of a US pint), approximately 118 milliliters.


gill

Clipping of gillian, from the female name Gillian.