man-of-war

Samoan Plantation Pidgin: manua

Tok Pisin: manua

→ Dhivehi: މަނަވަރު (manavaru)

→ Swahili: manowari

Chatto & Windus
Isla Contoy
National Maritime Museum

From Late Middle English man of wer, man of werre (“fighting man, soldier”). It has been suggested that sense 2 (“powerful armed naval vessel”) derives from the fact that such vessels were manned by men-of-war (“soldiers”; sense 1).

any of a number of seabirds, especially one which attacks other seabirds for their food

not used in Finnish (no equivalent collective term; see the translation tables below)

[H]ee is firſt broken to the Sea in the Herring mans Skiffe or Cockboate, vvhere hauing learned to brooke all vvaters, and drinke as he can out of a tarrie Canne, and eate poore Iohn out of ſvvuttie platters vvhen he may get it vvithout butter or muſtard, there is no ho vvith him but once hartned thus, hee vvill needes be a man of vvarre, or a Tobaco taker, and vveare a ſiluer VVhiſtle.

1599, [Thomas] Nashe, Nashes Lenten Stuffe, […], London: […] [Thomas Judson and Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and C[uthbert] B[urby] […], →OCLC, page 27:

(military, nautical, chiefly historical) A powerful armed naval vessel, primarily one armed with cannon and propelled by sails; a warship.

(obsolete, rare) In full man-of-war's-man: a sailor serving on board an armed naval vessel.

magnificent frigatebird
magnificent frigatebird

Fregata magnificens
Fregata magnificens#Translingual

Short for man-of-war bird or (obsolete) man-of-war hawk: any of a number of seabirds, especially one which attacks other seabirds to take their food.

(specifically, archaic) A frigatebird (family Fregatidae), especially the magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens).

Stercorarius parasiticus
Stercorarius parasiticus#Translingual

(specifically, US) The Arctic skua (Stercorarius parasiticus).

военен

man fighting in a war — see also soldier, warrior

But there is a Bird they call, a Man of vvar, and he is much bigger than a Heron, and flies out to Sea upon diſcoveries, (for they never light upon the Sea) to ſee vvhat ſhips are comming to the Iland; and vvhen they return the Ilanders look out, and ſay, A ſhip is comming, and finde it true.

1657, Richard Ligon, “[Birds]”, in A True & Exact History of the Island of Barbados. […], London: […] Humphrey Moseley, […], →OCLC, page 61:

man-of-war bird or

Portuguese man-of-war
Portuguese man-of-war#English

Physalia physalis
Physalia physalis#Translingual

Short for Portuguese man-of-war (“Physalia physalis, a jellyfish-like marine cnidarian consisting of a floating colony of hydrozoans attached to a float”)


hydra

en-noun

hydra (plural hydras or hydrae or hydræ)

hydras (plural)
hydrae (plural)
hydræ (plural)

After the Hydra, from Greek mythology, which grew two new heads every time one of its heads was cut off. The biology sense alludes to the budding method of asexual reproduction that the hydra practices, similar to growing new heads. The figurative sense refers to how the creature could not be killed by a swift, decisive solution (in contrast to a Gordian knot).

(fantasy) A dragon-like creature with many heads and the ability to regrow them when maimed.

(biology) Any of several small freshwater polyps of the genus Hydra and related genera, having a naked cylindrical body and an oral opening surrounded by tentacles.

гі́дра

any of several small freshwater polyps of the genus Hydra and related genera

gaanłáníchilí dóó gaanłání doo yitʼíinii

Because the statute is so vaguely worded, award decisions are habitually based on case law, the growing mountain of which is a hydra of rulings that point in so many directions that almost any decision can be defended or overturned on appeal, depending on how smart your lawyer is and which precedent he selects to argue your case.

2009, Kris Frieswick, Till Death Do Us Pay:

(figurative) A complex, multifarious problem or situation that cannot be solved easily and rapidly.


hydra

hydra (nominative singular)
hydry (nominative plural)
hydry (genitive singular)
hydr (genitive plural)
hydrze (dative singular)
hydrom (dative plural)
hydrę (accusative singular)
hydry (accusative plural)
hydrą (instrumental singular)
hydrami (instrumental plural)
hydrze (locative singular)
hydrach (locative plural)
hydro (singular vocative)
hydry (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin hydra. Doublet of nutria and wydra.

hydra (any freshwater polyp of the genus Hydra)

(fantasy) hydra (dragon-like creature with many heads and the ability to regrow them when maimed)


bluebottle

* blue + bottle From resemblance to shiny colored-glass bottles.
* (police officer): From the colour of the uniform.

Batemans Bay, New South Wales
bluebottle

A blue ant, Diamma bicolor, a parasitic wasp native to Australia.


Hydrozoa

From Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) + ζῷον (zôion, “animal”).

A taxonomic class within the phylum Cnidaria – hydrozoa.

Anthoathecata

(class): Hydroidolina, Trachylina – subclasses


bluey

bluey (countable and uncountable, plural blueys)

(Australian slang) A blue cattle dog, especially a blue heeler.


hydroid

Any of many colonial coelenterates that exist mainly as a polyp; a hydrozoan


Portuguese man-of-war

Portuguese man-of-war (plural Portuguese men-of-war)

/ˈpɔː.tʃʊˌɡiːz ˌmæn.ə(v)ˈwɔː/

From Portuguese (adjective) + man-of-war, from the resemblance of the organism’s float to a former Portuguese warship at full sail.

However, two beaches in Tarragona in southern Catalonia were closed in July after Portuguese man o’war (Physalia physalis) were spotted in the water.

2024 August 24, Stephen Burgen, “Resorts on Spain’s Costa Brava struggle with invasion of jellyfish as seas warm”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

Physalia physalis, a marine cnidarian consisting of a floating colony of hydrozoans attached to a float, superficially resembling a jellyfish.


siphonophore

From siphono- + -phore, likely from translingual Siphonophorae.

Is an individual hydra polyp analogous to an entire siphonophore colony – or is it more like a member of that colony?

2017 October 24, Derek J Skillings, “Life is not easily bounded”, in Aeon:

However, two beaches in Tarragona in southern Catalonia were closed in July after Portuguese man o’war (Physalia physalis) were spotted in the water. The sting of this siphonophore (it is not technically a jellyfish, but they are closely related) is especially painful.

Any of various transparent marine hydrozoans, of the order Siphonophorae, that float or swim as colonies of polyps.


hydrozoan

hydrozoan (plural hydrozoa or hydrozoans)

Any of many colonial coelenterates, of the class Hydrozoa, including the hydras, hydroids, hydrocorals, and siphonophores.

hidrozou

colonial coelenterates of the class Hydrozoa


hydractinian

(biology) A marine hydroid of the genus Hydractinia or a closely-related genus


sertularian

From translingual Sertularia, the taxonomic name of the genus for which the order was named, + -an.

Any member of the former order Sertularida, hydroids having branched chitinous stems and simple sessile hydrothecae.


velella

(zoology) Any of the genus Velella of free-floating marine protozoans in family Porpitidae.

vélelle

a free-floating marine organism similar to a small jellyfish


plumularia

plumularia (plural plumularias or plumulariae)

plumularias (plural)
plumulariae (plural)

(zoology, archaic) Any hydrozoan belonging to Plumularia and other genera of the family Plumulariidae, generally growing in plume-like forms.


millepore

From French millépore, from Latin mille (“thousand”) + porus (“pore”).

Any coral of the genus Millepora, having the surface nearly smooth, and perforated with very minute unequal pores, or cells.


stylaster

(zoology) Any of the genus Stylaster of calcareous hydroid corals.


sea fir

A sertularian hydroid, especially Abietinaria abietina, which branches like a miniature fir tree.


bougainvilliid

(zoology) Any hydroid of the family Bougainvilliidae.


campanulariid

(zoology) Any of the hydroid family Campanulariidae.


corynid

(zoology) Any member of the family Corynidae of hydrozoans.


haleciid

(zoology) Any hydroid in the family Haleciidae


hydractiniid

(zoology) Any hydrozoan of the family Hydractiniidae.


lovenellid

(zoology) Any hydroid in the family Lovenellidae


milleporid

(zoology) Any hydrozoan in the family Milleporidae.


pandeid

(zoology) Any hydrozoan in the family Pandeidae.


prayid

(zoology) Any siphonophore in the family Prayidae


velellid

(zoology) Any hydrozoan in the family Velellidae, synonym for the Porpitidae.


trachylid

(zoology) Any hydrozoan in the subclass Trachylinae


sea ginger

sea ginger (usually uncountable, plural sea gingers)

Because it stings the tongue like ginger.

Millepora alcicornis, a hydrocoral with a calcareous skeleton.


trachymedusa

trachymedusa (plural trachymedusas or trachymedusae)

trachymedusas (plural)
trachymedusae (plural)

Any cnidarian of the order Trachymedusae


narcomedusa

Some narcomedusae develop as parasitic stolons in or on other jellyfish species; young medusae are budded from these stolons.

2016, Lisa-Ann Gershwin, “Battering ram jellies”, in Jellyfish: A Natural History, page 84:

(zoology) Any of the Narcomedusae, an order of hydrozoans in the subclass Trachylinae.


stułbia

stułbia (nominative singular)
stułbie (nominative plural)
stułbii (genitive singular)
stułbii (genitive plural)
stułbij (archaic genitive plural)
stułbii (dative singular)
stułbiom (dative plural)
stułbię (accusative singular)
stułbie (accusative plural)
stułbią (instrumental singular)
stułbiami (instrumental plural)
stułbii (locative singular)
stułbiach (locative plural)
stułbio (singular vocative)
stułbie (plural vocative)

From stu- + łeb + -ia. Literally, “[animal] with a hundred heads”, a reference to the mythological Hydra.

lit

hydra (any freshwater polyp of the genus Hydra)


solanderiid

This conflicts with the data on modern solanderiids, which are exclusively marine.

2015 December 24, “Enigmatic Fossils from the Lower Carboniferous Shrimp Bed, Granton, Scotland”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(zoology) Any of the family Solanderiidae of cnidarians within the class Hydrozoa.


hydroidolinan

It should be noted however that representatives of other colonial hydroidolinan lineages including Capitata and other Filifera were not included in this analysis, so the precise origin of coloniality within Hydrozoa awaits further sampling.

2015 October 15, “Phylogenomic Analyses Support Traditional Relationships within Cnidaria”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

Any cnidarian of the subclass Hydroidolina


鰹の烏帽子

ja-noun

鰹(かつお)の烏(え)帽(ぼ)子(し) or 鰹(カツオ)の烏帽子(エボシ) • (katsuo no eboshi) ^(←かつをのえぼし (katwonoebosi)?)

鰹の烏帽子 (canonical)
鰹の烏帽子 (canonical)
katsuo no eboshi (romanization)
katwonoebosi (romanization)
かつをのえぼし (hiragana historical)

鰹(かつお) (katsuo, “skipjack tuna”) + の (no, attributive marker) + 烏帽子(えぼし) (eboshi, “black-lacquered cap”)

ja-compound

Portuguese man-of-war
Portuguese man-of-war

a Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis)


calycophoran

(zoology) Any siphonophore of the suborder Calycophorae


by-the-wind sailor

en-noun

by-the-wind sailor (plural by-the-wind sailors)

A velella, organism of genus Velella in family Porpitidae.


chondrophore

Any hydrozoan of the former order Chondrophora (now included in order Anthoathecata).


freshwater hydra

freshwater hydra (plural freshwater hydras)

Hydra vulgaris, a solitary polyp about 10 mm long, usually found attached to the under surfaces of water plants in ponds and streams. Similar to a sea anemone consisting of a hollow cylinder with a mouth surrounded by tentacles.


hydrocoral

Any hydrozoan, of the order Anthoathecata, that has a calcareous skeleton and so resembles a coral

ヒドロサンゴ

hydrozoan of the order Anthoathecata with calcareous skeleton


stylasterid

Any hydrozoan of the family Stylasteridae


tubulariid

Any member of the Tubulariidae family of hydrozoans.


distichoporine

Any hydrozoan of the subfamily Distichoporinae (or of genus Distichopora)


Campanularia

A taxonomic genus within the family Campanulariidae – certain aquatic plant-like hydrozoa.


anthomedusan

Any hydrozoan of the former order Anthomedusae (now Anthoathecata)


physonect

From the taxon name, from physo- + Ancient Greek νηκτός (nēktós, “swimming”).

der

Any siphonophore of the suborder Physonectae


pyrostephid

Any siphonophore of the family Pyrostephidae


aequorean

Any pelagic hydrozoan of the genus Aequorea.


僧帽水母

ㄙㄥ ㄇㄠˋ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄇㄨˇ

сэнмао шуйму

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


caravel·la portuguesa

ca-noun

caravel·la portuguesa f (plural caravel·les portugueses)

Calque of Portuguese caravela-portuguesa.


stułbiopław

stułbiopław (nominative singular)
stułbiopławy (nominative plural)
stułbiopława (genitive singular)
stułbiopławów (genitive plural)
stułbiopławowi (dative singular)
stułbiopławom (dative plural)
stułbiopława (accusative singular)
stułbiopławy (accusative plural)
stułbiopławem (instrumental singular)
stułbiopławami (instrumental plural)
stułbiopławie (locative singular)
stułbiopławach (locative plural)
stułbiopławie (singular vocative)
stułbiopławy (plural vocative)

hydrozoan (any cnidarian of the class Hydrozoa)


고깔해파리

[ko̞k͈a̠ɾɦɛpʰa̠ɾi]

고깔 (gokkal, “peaked hat”) + 해파리 (haepari, “jellyfish”)


葡萄牙戰艦

ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄧㄚˊ ㄓㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

Путаоя чжаньцзянь

/pʰu³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ jä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/


immortal jellyfish

en-noun

immortal jellyfish (plural immortal jellyfishes)

So called because it can revert to a larval, or polyp, state.

A jellyfish of species Turritopsis dohrnii.


hidrozou

Borrowed from Ancient Greek υδρόζωον (udrózōon).


fire coral

Any of the genus Millepora of colonial marine organisms that physically resemble coral.


ヒドロ虫

ヒドロ虫 (canonical)
hidorochū (romanization)

[çido̞ɾo̞t͡ɕɨː]

From Ancient Greek ὑδρο- (hudro-) + 虫 (chū).


ihumoana

Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis)


Botrynema

From either Latin bōtrus m (“grape”) or Ancient Greek βότρῠς m (bótrŭs, “grape”) + -nema f (“-shaped”), literally “grape-shaped”.

affix

A taxonomic genus within the family Halicreatidae – certain hydrozoans.


Larsonia

A taxonomic genus within the family Pandeidae – certain hydrozoans.


Geryoniidae

English: geryoniid

A taxonomic family within the order Trachymedusae – certain deep-sea trachymedusas.


трахимедуза

ru-noun+

трахимеду́за

трахимеду́за • (traximedúza) f anim (genitive трахимеду́зы, nominative plural трахимеду́зы, genitive plural трахимеду́з)

трахимеду́за (canonical)
traximedúza (romanization)
трахимеду́зы (genitive)
трахимеду́зы (nominative plural)
трахимеду́з (genitive plural)
трахимеду́за (nominative singular)
трахимеду́зы (nominative plural)
трахимеду́зы (genitive singular)
трахимеду́з (genitive plural)
трахимеду́зе (dative singular)
трахимеду́зам (dative plural)
трахимеду́зу (accusative singular)
трахимеду́з (accusative plural)
трахимеду́зой (instrumental singular)
трахимеду́зою (instrumental singular)
трахимеду́зами (instrumental plural)
трахимеду́зе (prepositional singular)
трахимеду́зах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from translingual Trachymedusae and its singular form in New Latin trachymedusa. From New Latin trachy- (“spiky, jagged”, from Ancient Greek τρᾱχῠ́ς m (trākhŭ́s)) + New Latin medūsa f.


Halopteris

From halo- (“salt”, from Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls)) + -pteris (“fern”, from Ancient Greek πτέρῐς (ptérĭs)).

from Ancient Greek <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">ἅλς</i> (háls)

from Ancient Greek <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">πτέρῐς</i> (ptérĭs)

A taxonomic genus within the family Halopterididae – certain hydrozoans.