french fries

en-noun

french fries pl (normally plural, singular french fry)

Clipping of earlier French fried potatoes (1856) and French-fried potatoes, potatoes supposedly prepared in the French style.

French fries are our specialty.

“What's the matter?” she asked quickly. “Haven't we had all the things before? Soup, chops, peas, French fries, and the fruit pudding–there wasn't a thing new.”

1903, Lillian Pettengill, Toilers of the Home, New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, page 292:

His first official act was to order dinner. “A nice, juicy steak,” he is said to have called for, “French fries, apple pie and a cup of coffee.” It is probable that he really said “a coff of cuppee,” however, as he was a wag of the first water and loved a joke as well as the next king.

1922, Robert C. Benchley, chapter XXII, in Love Conquers All, Henry Holt & Company, page 111:

(chiefly Canada, US) Strips of deep-fried potatoes that have been frenched (cut into strips).

nímasii ádaałtsʼóózígo niheeshgizhgo akʼah bee shibézhígíí


tomato

en-verb

tomato (third-person singular simple present tomatos, present participle tomatoing, simple past and past participle tomatoed)

tomatos (present singular third-person)
tomatoing (participle present)
tomatoed (participle past)
tomatoed (past)

/təˈmɑː.təʊ/

Borrowed from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl, from Proto-Nahuan *tomatl. Compare tomatillo.

(transitive, rare) to pelt with tomatoes


tomato

Borrowed from Japanese トマト (tomato), from English tomato.


tomato

Mekim olsem pinis, orait tupela i planim taro na banana, na kumu, painap, kon, tomato, na kaukau tu.

1995, John Verhaar, Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: an experiment in corpus linguistics, →ISBN, page 433:


tomato

tomatos (plural)
tomato
domato (soft)
nhomato
thomato

Borrowed from English tomato, from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl.


russet

russet (third-person singular simple present russets, present participle russeting or russetting, simple past and past participle russeted or russetted)

russets (present singular third-person)
russeting (participle present)
russetting (participle present)
russeted (participle past)
russeted (past)
russetted (participle past)
russetted (past)

From Middle English russet, from Anglo-Norman russet, rossat, roset, and Middle French rosset, rousset (“reddish, reddish-brown; a rough wool cloth”), from Middle French rous, rus (“to rouse”) + -et (diminutive suffix); compare Late Latin rossetum, russetum, russeta (“rough wool cloth”), Latin russus (“red”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”)), Occitan rosseta (“rough wool cloth”).

Pear psylla causes damage when nymphs, feeding at high densities on leaves, produce enough honeydew to drip onto the fruit. A black, sooty mold fungus then grows into the honeydew, distorting and russeting the fruit surface, which substantially lowers its commercial value, […]

1995, T. R. Unruh, P. H. Westigard, K. S. Hagen, “Pear Psylla”, in J. R. Nechols et al., editors, Biological Control in the Western United States: Accomplishments and Benefits of Regional Research Project W-84, 1964–1989 (University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Publication; 3361), Oakland, Calif.: Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, →ISBN, page 95:

Cultivars differ greatly in their propensity to russet: the characteristic is heritable but more than one factor seems to be involved[…].

2003, John E. Jackson, “Flowers and Fruits”, in The Biology of Apples and Pears (Biology of Horticultural Crops), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 323:

I surprised my own amazement in the looking glass / where the resinous radiance of a chandelier / russeted the chaise longue and the chiffonier. / Autumn lay over everything I loved.

2007, Eric [Linn] Ormsby, “Time’s Covenant”, in Time’s Covenant: Selected Poems, Emeryville, Ont.: Biblioasis, →ISBN, prologue, stanza 3, page 256:

(transitive, intransitive, of apples, pears, etc.) To develop reddish-brown spots; to cause russeting.


tortilla

An authentic Spanish tortilla is traditionally made with just eggs, potatoes, onions, salt and pepper, but this version contains sliced red and green peppers for a bit of extra colour and flavour.

2004, The Student Cookbook, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

(Spanish cuisine) Spanish omelette; an omelette containing potatoes and onions.


tortilla

→ English: tortilla

→ Finnish: tortilla

→ Galician: tortilla

→ German: Tortilla

→ Polish: tortilla

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

Inherited from Old Spanish tortiella, diminutive of torta (“round flatbread”).

(Spain and most Hispanic countries) Spanish omelette, tortilla (omelette)


hand

From Middle English hond, hand, from Old English hand, from Proto-West Germanic *handu, from Proto-Germanic *handuz.
See also Dutch and Swedish hand (“hand”), Danish hånd, German Hand, West Frisian hân). Perhaps compare Old Swedish hinna (“to gain”), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰-𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌽 (fra-hinþan, “to take captive, capture”); and Latvian sīts (“hunting spear”), Ancient Greek κεντέω (kentéō, “prick”), Albanian çandër (“pitchfork, prop”).

handvol

that which is, or may be, held in a hand at once

hand

set of cards held by a player in a card game

a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush

catch someone with a hand in the cookie jar

close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades

give with one hand and take away with the other

one can't hold two watermelons in one hand

talk to the hand 'cause the face ain't listening

the hand that rocks the cradle is the hand that rules the world

the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world

the left hand doesn't know what the right hand is doing

(historical) A Native American gambling game, involving guessing the whereabouts of bits of ivory or similar, which are passed rapidly from hand to hand.


pommes frites

pommes frites (indefinite nominative singular)

From French pommes frites. According to SO attested since 1934.

(in the (identical) plural) (US) french fries, (UK) chips

a french fry, (UK) a chip
(US) french fries, (UK) chips


chat

en-verb

chat (third-person singular simple present chats, present participle chatting, simple past and past participle chatted)

chat Two people chatting. (canonical)
chats (present singular third-person)
chatting (participle present)
chatted (participle past)
chatted (past)

Abbreviation of chatter. The bird sense refers to the sound of its call.

Do you want to chat online later?

To exchange text or voice messages in real time through a computer network, as if having a face-to-face conversation.

(by extension, Philippines) To send a text message via Facebook Messenger instead of via SMS.


chat

en-noun

chat (countable and uncountable, plural chats)

Internet Relay Chat

(countable, uncountable) An exchange of text or voice messages in real time through a computer network, resembling a face-to-face conversation.

談話

conversation to stop an argument or settle situations


pet

pecik (diminutive)
pet (nominative singular)
pety (nominative plural)
peta (genitive singular)
petów (genitive plural)
petowi (dative singular)
petom (dative plural)
pet (accusative singular)
pety (accusative plural)
petem (instrumental singular)
petami (instrumental plural)
pecie (locative singular)
petach (locative plural)
pecie (singular vocative)
pety (plural vocative)


mash

mash (countable and uncountable, plural mashes)

From Middle English mash, from Old English mǣsċ-, māsċ-, māx-, from Proto-Germanic *maiskaz, *maiskō (“mixture, mash”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyǵ-, *meyḱ- (“to mix”). Akin to German Meisch, Maische (“mash”), (compare meischen, maischen (“to mash, wash”)), Swedish mäsk (“mash”), and to Old English miscian (“to mix”). See mix.


煙

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qiːn): semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 垔 (OC *qin).

Han compound

烟
菸
𠖣
𤎟
𡨾
𠖜
𤏯
烟
烟
菸

這是一種味淡的煙。

这是一种味淡的烟。

虎門銷煙

虎门销烟


煙

烟
菸
𠖣
𤎟
𡨾
𠖜
𤏯
烟
烟
菸

2003, “醉英雄”, 李岩修 (lyrics), 徐嘉良 [Galon Hsu] (music)performed by 蔡秋鳳 [Kerris Tsai]:

煙一支 檳榔一嘴

烟一支 槟榔一嘴

(Southern Min, Puxian Min) Alternative form of 薰 (“tobacco; cigarette”)


cigar

Originally a learned modification of cigarro in order to avoid the Spanish-appearing termination -arro.


tomate

Haitian Creole: tomat

→ Hunsrik: Tomatt

→ Sedang: tơmat

Borrowed from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl.


tomate

Borrowed from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl (“tomatillo”), the tomato proper being xītomatl.


patata

→ Afar: bataatá


patata

la-noun

patāta f (genitive patātae); first declension

patāta (canonical feminine)
patātae (genitive)
patāta (nominative singular)
patātae (nominative plural)
patātae (genitive singular)
patātārum (genitive plural)
patātae (dative singular)
patātīs (dative plural)
patātam (accusative singular)
patātās (accusative plural)
patātā (ablative singular)
patātīs (ablative plural)
patāta (singular vocative)
patātae (plural vocative)

[päˈt̪äːt̪ä]

[päˈt̪äːt̪ä]


pyra

pl-noun

pyra f (diminutive pyrka or pyreczka or pyruszka)

pyrka (diminutive)
pyreczka (diminutive)
pyruszka (diminutive)
pyra (nominative singular)
pyry (nominative plural)
pyry (genitive singular)
pyr (genitive plural)
pyrze (dative singular)
pyrom (dative plural)
pyrę (accusative singular)
pyry (accusative plural)
pyrą (instrumental singular)
pyrami (instrumental plural)
pyrze (locative singular)
pyrach (locative plural)
pyro (singular vocative)
pyry (plural vocative)

Unknown. May be related to Peru where potatoes come from.


tobacco

en-noun

tobacco (countable and uncountable, plural tobaccos or tobaccoes)

Attested since 1588, borrowed from Spanish tabaco. The Spanish word could be from Arabic طُبَّاق (ṭubbāq, “Dittrichia viscosa”) or from a Caribbean language such as Kari'na or Taíno or multiple of them, from a word meaning "roll of tobacco leaves" or "a pipe for smoking tobacco," such as tabago (“tube for inhaling smoke or powdered intoxicating plants”).

der

(uncountable) Any plant of the genus Nicotiana.

Tobacco-settlement bonds are a tribute both to the inventiveness of bankers and the childlike impatience of politicians.

2013 September 7, “Unlucky strike”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8852:

Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum#Translingual

(uncountable) Leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing.

tabak

leaves of certain varieties of tobacco plant


potato

en-noun

potato (countable and uncountable, plural potatoes)

[pə̥ˈtʰeɪtʰəʊ]

[pə̥ˈtʰeɪɾoʊ]

[pə̥ˈtʰeɪɾə]

[pə̥ˈɾeɪ.ɾə]

Borrowed from Spanish patata, itself borrowed from Taíno batata (“sweet potato”).

Metaphor for a person or thing of little value.

(slang, offensive) A mentally handicapped person.


タバコ

タバコ (canonical)
たばこ (canonical)
tabako (romanization)

→ Early Modern Korean: 담파고 (tamphakwo)

→ Ainu: タンパク (tampaku)

ja:たばこ ja:タバコ


煙草

/jɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau⁵³/

/iɛn³³ t͡sʰau⁵⁵⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰau⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰau⁴¹/

/i⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔ²¹/

/jɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau⁵³/

/iɛn³³ t͡sʰau⁵⁵⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰau⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰau⁴¹/

/i⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔ²¹/

煙草製品

烟草制品


煙草

煙草 (canonical)
ensō (romanization)
ensau (romanization)
えんさう (hiragana historical)


tom

From generic use of the proper name Tom.


tom

Toms 90p a pound

“I'd like sausage, eggs, bacon, toms, mushies, beans – oh, and some fried bread,” said Mike.

2009, Mark Penny, Jonathan Penny, The Golden Pig, page 160:

(British, greengrocers' slang) A tomato (the fruit).


pera

perka (diminutive)
pera (nominative singular)
pery (nominative plural)
pery (genitive singular)
per (genitive plural)
perze (dative singular)
perom (dative plural)
perę (accusative singular)
pery (accusative plural)
perą (instrumental singular)
perami (instrumental plural)
perze (locative singular)
perach (locative plural)
pero (singular vocative)
pery (plural vocative)


bangun

bangun (usually uncountable, plural banguns)

(India, uncommon) An eggplant; a brinjal.


tomaatti

tomaatti (nominative singular)
tomaatit (nominative plural)
tomaatti (accusative nominative singular)
tomaatit (accusative nominative plural)
tomaatin (accusative genitive singular)
tomaatit (accusative genitive plural)
tomaatin (genitive singular)
tomaattien (genitive plural)
tomaattia (partitive singular)
tomaatteja (partitive plural)
tomaatissa (inessive singular)
tomaateissa (inessive plural)
tomaatista (elative singular)
tomaateista (elative plural)
tomaattiin (illative singular)
tomaatteihin (illative plural)
tomaatilla (adessive singular)
tomaateilla (adessive plural)
tomaatilta (ablative singular)
tomaateilta (ablative plural)
tomaatille (allative singular)
tomaateille (allative plural)
tomaattina (essive singular)
tomaatteina (essive plural)
tomaatiksi (singular translative)
tomaateiksi (plural translative)
tomaatitta (abessive singular)
tomaateitta (abessive plural)
tomaatein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
tomaattini (nominative singular)
tomaattini (nominative plural)
tomaattini (accusative nominative singular)
tomaattini (accusative nominative plural)
tomaattini (accusative genitive singular)
tomaattini (accusative genitive plural)
tomaattini (genitive singular)
tomaattieni (genitive plural)
tomaattiani (partitive singular)
tomaattejani (partitive plural)
tomaatissani (inessive singular)
tomaateissani (inessive plural)
tomaatistani (elative singular)
tomaateistani (elative plural)
tomaattiini (illative singular)
tomaatteihini (illative plural)
tomaatillani (adessive singular)
tomaateillani (adessive plural)
tomaatiltani (ablative singular)
tomaateiltani (ablative plural)
tomaatilleni (allative singular)
tomaateilleni (allative plural)
tomaattinani (essive singular)
tomaatteinani (essive plural)
tomaatikseni (singular translative)
tomaateikseni (plural translative)
tomaatittani (abessive singular)
tomaateittani (abessive plural)
tomaatteineni (comitative plural)
tomaattisi (nominative singular)
tomaattisi (nominative plural)
tomaattisi (accusative nominative singular)
tomaattisi (accusative nominative plural)
tomaattisi (accusative genitive singular)
tomaattisi (accusative genitive plural)
tomaattisi (genitive singular)
tomaattiesi (genitive plural)
tomaattiasi (partitive singular)
tomaattejasi (partitive plural)
tomaatissasi (inessive singular)
tomaateissasi (inessive plural)
tomaatistasi (elative singular)
tomaateistasi (elative plural)
tomaattiisi (illative singular)
tomaatteihisi (illative plural)
tomaatillasi (adessive singular)
tomaateillasi (adessive plural)
tomaatiltasi (ablative singular)
tomaateiltasi (ablative plural)
tomaatillesi (allative singular)
tomaateillesi (allative plural)
tomaattinasi (essive singular)
tomaatteinasi (essive plural)
tomaatiksesi (singular translative)
tomaateiksesi (plural translative)
tomaatittasi (abessive singular)
tomaateittasi (abessive plural)
tomaatteinesi (comitative plural)
tomaattimme (nominative singular)
tomaattimme (nominative plural)
tomaattimme (accusative nominative singular)
tomaattimme (accusative nominative plural)
tomaattimme (accusative genitive singular)
tomaattimme (accusative genitive plural)
tomaattimme (genitive singular)
tomaattiemme (genitive plural)
tomaattiamme (partitive singular)
tomaattejamme (partitive plural)
tomaatissamme (inessive singular)
tomaateissamme (inessive plural)
tomaatistamme (elative singular)
tomaateistamme (elative plural)
tomaattiimme (illative singular)
tomaatteihimme (illative plural)
tomaatillamme (adessive singular)
tomaateillamme (adessive plural)
tomaatiltamme (ablative singular)
tomaateiltamme (ablative plural)
tomaatillemme (allative singular)
tomaateillemme (allative plural)
tomaattinamme (essive singular)
tomaatteinamme (essive plural)
tomaatiksemme (singular translative)
tomaateiksemme (plural translative)
tomaatittamme (abessive singular)
tomaateittamme (abessive plural)
tomaatteinemme (comitative plural)
tomaattinne (nominative singular)
tomaattinne (nominative plural)
tomaattinne (accusative nominative singular)
tomaattinne (accusative nominative plural)
tomaattinne (accusative genitive singular)
tomaattinne (accusative genitive plural)
tomaattinne (genitive singular)
tomaattienne (genitive plural)
tomaattianne (partitive singular)
tomaattejanne (partitive plural)
tomaatissanne (inessive singular)
tomaateissanne (inessive plural)
tomaatistanne (elative singular)
tomaateistanne (elative plural)
tomaattiinne (illative singular)
tomaatteihinne (illative plural)
tomaatillanne (adessive singular)
tomaateillanne (adessive plural)
tomaatiltanne (ablative singular)
tomaateiltanne (ablative plural)
tomaatillenne (allative singular)
tomaateillenne (allative plural)
tomaattinanne (essive singular)
tomaatteinanne (essive plural)
tomaatiksenne (singular translative)
tomaateiksenne (plural translative)
tomaatittanne (abessive singular)
tomaateittanne (abessive plural)
tomaatteinenne (comitative plural)
tomaattinsa (nominative singular)
tomaattinsa (nominative plural)
tomaattinsa (accusative nominative singular)
tomaattinsa (accusative nominative plural)
tomaattinsa (accusative genitive singular)
tomaattinsa (accusative genitive plural)
tomaattinsa (genitive singular)
tomaattiensa (genitive plural)
tomaattiaan (partitive singular)
tomaattiansa (partitive singular)
tomaattejaan (partitive plural)
tomaattejansa (partitive plural)
tomaatissaan (inessive singular)
tomaatissansa (inessive singular)
tomaateissaan (inessive plural)
tomaateissansa (inessive plural)
tomaatistaan (elative singular)
tomaatistansa (elative singular)
tomaateistaan (elative plural)
tomaateistansa (elative plural)
tomaattiinsa (illative singular)
tomaatteihinsa (illative plural)
tomaatillaan (adessive singular)
tomaatillansa (adessive singular)
tomaateillaan (adessive plural)
tomaateillansa (adessive plural)
tomaatiltaan (ablative singular)
tomaatiltansa (ablative singular)
tomaateiltaan (ablative plural)
tomaateiltansa (ablative plural)
tomaatilleen (allative singular)
tomaatillensa (allative singular)
tomaateilleen (allative plural)
tomaateillensa (allative plural)
tomaattinaan (essive singular)
tomaattinansa (essive singular)
tomaatteinaan (essive plural)
tomaatteinansa (essive plural)
tomaatikseen (singular translative)
tomaatiksensa (singular translative)
tomaateikseen (plural translative)
tomaateiksensa (plural translative)
tomaatittaan (abessive singular)
tomaatittansa (abessive singular)
tomaateittaan (abessive plural)
tomaateittansa (abessive plural)
tomaatteineen (comitative plural)
tomaatteinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈt̪o̞mɑ̝ːt̪ːi]

Borrowed from Swedish tomat, from Danish tomat, from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl.


pepper

pepper (countable and uncountable, plural peppers)

Tok Pisin: pepa

→ Hawaiian: pepa

→ Marshallese: pepa

From Middle English peper, piper, from Old English piper, from Proto-West Germanic *pipar, from Latin piper, from an Indo-Aryan source; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). The name was given to the capsicum fruit because of its unusual spicy taste, not unlike the Old World spice. Cognate with Scots pepar, Saterland Frisian Pieper, West Frisian piper, Dutch peper, German Low German Peper, German Pfeffer, Danish peber, Swedish peppar, Icelandic pipar. Doublet of falafel and peepul.

cog

(uncountable) A spice prepared from the fermented, dried, unripe berries of this plant.

(UK, US, Ireland and Canada) A fruit of the capsicum plant: red, green, yellow or white, hollow and containing seeds, and in very spicy and mild varieties.

Some ballparks have signs saying "No pepper games".

(baseball) A game used by baseball players to warm up where fielders standing close to a batter rapidly return the batted ball to be hit again


odo

Odò Ọya ni òdo t'ó tóbi jùlọ ní Ìwọ Oòrùn Áfíríkà.

The Niger River is the biggest river in West Africa.

Ẹ̀mí àbàtà níí módòó ṣàn; ọláa baba níí mú ọmọọ́ yan.

2008 December 19, Yiwola Awoyale, Global Yoruba Lexical Database v. 1.0, number LDC2008L03, Philadelphia: Linguistic Data Consortium, →DOI, →ISBN:

Just as the liveliness of the marshy land ensures the flowing of the river; so a father's good reputation makes a child feel proud (proverb admonishing good behavior)


odo

Mansonia altissima (Bété, mansonia, or African black walnut)


odo

Dioscorea cayenensis subsp. rotundata (white yam, West African yam, Guinea yam, or white ñame)


odo

Cognate with Igbo odō and Edo odó, equivalent to o- (“nominalizing prefix”) + dó (“to pound”)

af

Níbo ni àwọn odó tí a máa ń lò láti gún iyán?.

Where are the pounding mortars that we use to pound yam?

Wọ́n ń gún iyán nínú odó.

They were pounding pounded yam food in a pounding mortar.

odókódó

any pounding mortar or a bad pounding mortar

olódó

a seller, owner, bearer or maker of mortars


雪茄

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/syːt̚³ kʰaː⁵⁵/

/ɕiɪʔ³³ ɡa⁴⁴/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/syːt̚³ kʰaː⁵⁵/

/ɕiɪʔ³³ ɡa⁴⁴/

Borrowed from English cigar via a Southern variety of Chinese.
Folk etymology commonly describes poet Xu Zhimo (1897–1931) as coining this translation in 1924, in a casual conversation with Rabindranath Tagore, on the grounds that the cigar is similar to lotus stem (茄) and the ash is similar to snow (雪). However, this term had already been used in 《出使英法義比四國日記續》, a late 19ᵗʰ century text, and Officialdom Unmasked, a 1903 novel.

lang

《出使英法義比四國日記續》

《出使英法義比四國日記續》

Officialdom Unmasked
Rabindranath Tagore
Xu Zhimo


mandragoras

la-noun

mandragorās m (genitive mandragorae); first declension

mandragorās (canonical masculine)
mandragorae (genitive)
mandragorās (nominative singular)
mandragorae (nominative plural)
mandragorae (genitive singular)
mandragorārum (genitive plural)
mandragorae (dative singular)
mandragorīs (dative plural)
mandragorān (accusative singular)
mandragorās (accusative plural)
mandragorā (ablative singular)
mandragorīs (ablative plural)
mandragorā (singular vocative)
mandragorae (plural vocative)

→ French: mandragore

Italian: mandragora

→ Old English: mandragora

Middle English: mandragora

English: mandragora

⇒ Middle English: mandrake, mondrake

English: mandrake

Old French: mandegloire

→ Portuguese: mandrágora

→ Polish: mandragora

→ Serbo-Croatian: mandragora

→ Spanish: mandrágora

[män̪ˈd̪räɡɔräːs̠]

From Ancient Greek μανδραγόρας (mandragóras), probably from a non-Indo-European Pre-Greek/substrate. Or, possibly from Old Persian *merdum gija (“plant of humans”).


chewing

en-noun

chewing (countable and uncountable, plural chewings)

From Middle English chewyng, chewynge, from Old English ċīwung, ċȳwung, ċēowung (“chewing”), equivalent to chew + -ing.

(drugs) The consumption of loose leaf tobacco juice from tobacco plants by chewing leaves near the cheek.


baccy

baccy (usually uncountable, plural baccies)

To the "Nut" then, with its dirty little smoking-room, clouded with fumes arising from baccies of every description; curling upwards from the short black Irish clay bowl, full of strong ship's baccy, as well as from the best of Havannahs […]

1882, Chums: A Tale of the Queen's Navy, volume 1, page 200:

No one ever see him down on his luck till this cussed fever took him, Our rations was often short, but it was share and share alike down to the last pipe o' baccy.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 168:

"I'll prove I can see you. You've got a pipe in your mouth." ¶ "Anyone that knows the smell of baccy could tell that," said Diggle.

1956, C. S. Lewis, chapter 13, in The Last Battle, Collins, published 1998:


brambor

brambor (nominative singular)
brambory (nominative plural)
bramboru (genitive singular)
bramborů (genitive plural)
bramboru (dative singular)
bramborům (dative plural)
brambor (accusative singular)
brambory (accusative plural)
brambore (singular vocative)
brambory (plural vocative)
bramboru (locative singular)
bramborech (locative plural)
bramborem (instrumental singular)
brambory (instrumental plural)

Of Lower Sorbian origin. Compare Bramborska (“Brandenburg”). Interpreted as "crop from Brandenburg", as imported to Bohemia by Prussian soldiers during the War of the Bavarian Succession (1778–1779).

Brandenburg
Kingdom_of_Prussia
Lower Sorbian
War of the Bavarian Succession
cs:Český etymologický slovník


tater

Representing an aphetic pronunciation of potato. Compare patater (“potato”), 'mater (“tomato”), and 'naner (“banana”).

Playing 14 seasons in the major leagues, the right-handed-batting Scott was a three-time All-Star and hit 271 home runs, or taters, as he called them.

2013 July 29, Richard Goldstein, “George Scott, Slugger Who Boomed ‘Taters’ in Fenway, Dies at 69”, in The New York Times:


Scotch bonnet

Of the pepper, mushroom, and snail, from the resemblance to the Scottish tam o'shanter.

Capsicum chinense
Capsicum chinense#Translingual

A variety of hot chilli pepper (a cultivar of Capsicum chinense).


jalapeño

/ˌhæləˈpiːnəʊ/

/ˌdʒæləˈpiːnəʊ/

/ˌhæləˈpɛnjəʊ/

/d͡ʒəˈlæpənoʊ/

Unadapted borrowing from Mexican Spanish jalapeño.

ubor

Coordinate term: cayenne pepper

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

A cultivar of hot chili pepper, Capsicum annuum.


jalapeño

es-adj

jalapeño (feminine jalapeña, masculine plural jalapeños, feminine plural jalapeñas)

jalapeña (feminine)
jalapeños (masculine plural)
jalapeñas (feminine plural)


habanero

/ˌ(h)ɑːbəˈnɛɹəʊ/

An intensely spicy chili pepper, Capsicum chinense.


lada

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lajaq.


morion

la-noun

mōrion n (genitive mōriī); second declension

mōrion (canonical neuter)
mōriī (genitive)
mōrion (nominative singular)
mōria (nominative plural)
mōriī (genitive singular)
mōriōrum (genitive plural)
mōriō (dative singular)
mōriīs (dative plural)
mōrion (accusative singular)
mōria (accusative plural)
mōriō (ablative singular)
mōriīs (ablative plural)
mōrion (singular vocative)
mōria (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μώριον (mṓrion) or μοίριον (moírion) (Hesychios).

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 21.180

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 25.148


espada

a long, thin, bright green chili closely resembling the cayenne and Basque Fryer peppers


burley

en-noun

burley (countable and uncountable, plural burleys)

Unknown. Compare the personal name Burley.

The price received by farmers at the auctions for burley has decreased, other conditions being about average, around 1.45 cents for each 10-million-pound increase in the production of burley

1952, Glenn Leroy Johnson, Burley Tobacco Control Programs, page 59:

(US) A tobacco grown mainly in Kentucky, used in making cigarettes.

Fish will swim up your burley trail looking for the source which should be where your baits are placed, instead of dumping a heap of burley at once where the fish will feed on it quickly and move on.

2018, Jacks Boric, “Fishing with Burley”, in Shimano Fishing Oceania:

(Australia) Blood and offal used by fishermen to attract fish.


spud

From Middle English spudde (“small knife”). Origin unknown; probably related to Danish spyd, Old Norse spjót (“spear”), German Spieß (“spear; spike; skewer”). Compare English spit (“sharp, pointed rod”). The use of the term for a potato was perhaps first used in New Zealand and Australian dialect and slang.

As I turned out of the wood, I heard the shrill tone of infant wailing; and as I came towards the cottage, I saw a fine flaxen-headed urchin, some six or seven years old, stamping and beating himself with his clenched little spuds of fists, in a perfect ecstasy of passion […]

1844, Richard Sainthill, An Olla Podrida: Or, Scraps, Numismatic, Antiquarian, and Literary:

1728, Jonathan Swift, A Pastoral Dialogue, 1910, William Browning (editor), The Poems of Jonathan Swift, Volume 2, 2004, Gutenberg eBook #13621,
My love to Sheelah is more firmly fixt, / Than strongest weeds that grow these stones betwixt: / My spud these nettles from the stone can part; / No knife so keen to weed thee from my heart.

1885, Richard Jefferies, After London: or Wild England, 2004 [1905], Gutenberg eBook #13944,
Deprived of motion by the blow of the club, it can, on the other hand, be picked up without trouble and without the aid of a dog, and if not dead is despatched by a twist of the Bushman's fingers or a thrust from his spud. The spud is at once his dagger, his knife and fork, his chisel, his grub-axe, and his gouge. It is a piece of iron (rarely or never of steel, for he does not know how to harden it) about ten inches long, an inch and a half wide at the top or broadest end, where it is shaped and sharpened like a chisel, only with the edge not straight but sloping, and from thence tapering to a point at the other, the pointed part being four-sided, like a nail.

"I rigged up a contraption to hold off those stinking beasts, and I spent a happy day there with a spud."

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

A most respectable old Johnnie, don't you know. Doesn't do a thing nowadays but dig in the garden with a spud.

1925, P. G. Wodehouse, “Jeeves Takes Charge”, in Carry On, Jeeves, Arrow Books, published 2008, page 19:

A tool, similar to a spade, used for digging out weeds etc.

малка мотика

spade-like tool used for digging out weeds


spud

en-verb

spud (third-person singular simple present spuds, present participle spudding, simple past and past participle spudded)

spuds (present singular third-person)
spudding (participle present)
spudded (participle past)
spudded (past)

A rope called the jerk line is attached to the wrist pin of the band-wheel crank, brought inside the derrick, and attached to the part of the drilling cable which extends from the crown pulley to the bull-wheel shaft by a curved metal slide called a spudding shoe. (See fig. 8.)

1911, Isaiah Bowman, United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 257: Well-Drilling Methods, page 46:

When a well is spudded, the drilling assembly is loosely tied to the guide wires with 1/2″ manila rope.

1999, Steve Devereux, Drilling for Oil & Gas: A Nontechnical Guide, page 86:

Spudding is the process of lifting and dropping the pile constantly until the obstruction is broken into pieces. Obviously, spudding cannot be done with lighter piles (timber or pipe piles). Concrete piles and steel H-piles are good candidates for spudding.

2008, Ruwan Rajapakse, Pile Design and Construction Rules of Thumb, page 367:

Prepayments of drilling expenses are deductible by tax-shelter investors only if the well is “spudded” within 90 days after the close of the taxable year in which the prepayment was made, and the deduction is limited to the original amount of the investment.

2008, J. K. Lasser, J.K. Lasser′s Your Income Tax: 2009, Professional, Edition, page 238:

(drilling) To begin drilling an oil well; to drill by moving the drill bit and shaft up and down, or by raising and dropping a bit.


spud

A game for three or more players, involving the gradual elimination of players by throwing and catching a ball.


chaw

en-noun

chaw (countable and uncountable, plural chaws)

From Middle English chawen, an unexplained variation of chewen (“to chew”). See chew for more. Cognate with Middle Dutch cauwen ("to chew"; whence Dutch kauwen), obsolete Dutch kauw (“the act of chewing, that which is chewed, chewed mass, wad of tobacco”), Middle Low German kauwen, kauen (“to chew”). Compare also Old English ġecow (“that which is chewed, food”) and *ġeċēow (“chewing”), whence Middle English icheu (“gnawing, biting”).

gl

"to chew"; whence Dutch <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">kauwen</i>

cog

When the doctor told him to quit smoking, Harvey switched to chaw, but then developed cancer of the mouth.

"YOU give him a chaw, did you? So did your sister's cat's grandmother. You pay me back the chaws you've awready borry'd off'n me, Lafe Buckner, then I'll loan you one or two ton of it, and won't charge you no back intrust, nuther."

1889, Mark Twain, chapter 21, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn:

He […] went into the store and behind the counter and reached up and got the plug of chewing tobacco and unwrapped it and bit off a chaw.

(Appalachia, informal, uncountable) Chewing tobacco.


medlar

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-medlar.wav

From Middle English medler, medeler, from Old French medler, meslier, from medle, mesdle (“medlar fruit”), from Latin mespilum, from Ancient Greek μέσπιλον (méspilon). Related to the rare mesple, via Proto-West Germanic *mespilā.

Any tree of the genus Mespilus, now Crataegus sect. Mespilus, including many species now in other genera.


puro

→ English: puro

→ Greek: πούρο (poúro)

→ Turkish: puro

Inherited from Old Spanish puro, from Latin pūrus. In the noun sense short for cigarro puro, a product to be smoked that is made – unlike the cigarette – of “tabaco puro, sin papel” (pure tobacco, without paper). Note that in Spanish the unqualified term cigarro can also refer to a cigarette.


pomodoro

en-noun

pomodoro (countable and uncountable, plural pomodoros or pomodori)

From Italian pomodoro (“tomato”). The time interval comes from the Pomodoro kitchen timer, which is in the shape of a tomato.

Pastas, with soup & homemade bread — spaghetti with fresh garlic & olive oil $8.95, with pomodoro $8.95, with meatballs or Sicilian sausage $9.95, with prosciutto & olives $10.95, cannelloni $9.95, lasagna Siciliana $9.95, with fresh clams in a white wine sauce $10.95.

1995, Louis E. Madison, San Francisco on a shoestring, page 125:

Entrees include pizza with roasted vegetables; pizza margherita with tomato, fresh basil, and mozzarella; pizza with prosciutto, peppers, and onions; risotto of the day; rigatoni with pomodoro and Parmesan; radiatore puttanesca with capers, olives, anchovies, and garlic; fresh-spinach spaghetti primavera with garden vegetables, garlic, and oil; spaghetti Bolognese.

1994, New York - Volume 27, Issues 10-13, page 77:

Spread some pomodoro over the ricotta.

(uncountable) Ellipsis of pomodoro sauce.


pomodoro

it-noun

pomodoro m (plural pomodori or pomidoro or (popular) pomidori)

pomodori (plural)
pomidoro (plural)
pomidori (common plural)

desctree

→ Arabic: بَنَدُورَة (banadūra) (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine)
→ Armenian: պանատուրա (panatura) (dialectal)
→ Turkish: banadura (dialectal)

desc

→ Armenian: ոսկեխնձոր (oskexnjor) (calque)

→ Georgian: ოქროვაშლა (okrovašla) (calque) (chiefly Gurian dialect)

→ English: pomodoro

→ Lithuanian: pomidòras

→ Neapolitan: pummarola

→ Polish: pomidor

desctree

→ Russian: помидо́р (pomidór)
→ Armenian: պոմիդոր (pomidor)
→ Azerbaijani: pomidor
→ Persian: پامادور (pâmâdor)
→ Bashkir: помидор (pomidor)
→ Crimean Tatar: pamidor
→ Georgian: პომიდორი (ṗomidori), პამიდორი (ṗamidori) — colloquial
→ Uyghur: پەمىدۇر (pemidur)
→ Uzbek: pomidor
→ Yakut: помидор (pomidor)
→ Yiddish: פּאָמידאָר (pomidor)

→ Ukrainian: помідор (pomidor)

Univerbation of pomo (“apple”) + d' (“of”) + oro (“gold”), literally “golden apple”. Possibly owing to the fact that the first varieties of tomatoes arriving in Europe and spreading from Spain to Italy and North Africa were yellow. Earliest attestation (of the archaic plural form pomi d'oro) goes back to Matthiolus (1544).
A red strain was later developed in Moorish Africa, which came to be known in Italy as pomo dei mori (“apple of the Moors”).

univerbation

salsa di pomodoro

pasta al pomodoro

an Italian food typically prepared with pasta, olive oil, fresh tomatoes, basil, and various other fresh ingredients. See pasta al pomodoro on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Prendete pomodori di campo, perchè quelli d'orto sono più acquosi, e preferite i piccoli ai grandi.

1895, Pellegrino Artusi, “Conserva di pomodoro senza sale [Saltless tomato preserves]”, in La scienza in cucina e l'arte di mangiar bene [Science in the Kitchen and the Art of Eating Well], 2nd edition, Florence, page 418:

Take field tomatoes, as those from the garden are too watery, and choose small ones over large ones. (Baca, Murtha; Sartarelli, Stephen, transl. [2003; first published 1997], University of Toronto Press)

pomo del Perù

Peruvian apple; however ambiguous as to whether he was referring to the same plant

mentioned by Anguillara in 1561 (under the plural form pomi del Perù)

pomo d'amore

therefore not to be confused with English love apple (which may have been a mistranslation of pomo d'oro or a calque of French pomme d’amour; itself a possible corruption of aforementioned Italian pomo dei mori) nor with Sicilian puma d'amuri


latke

From Yiddish לאַטקע (latke), from either Russian ла́тка (látka, “pastry, patch”) or Ukrainian оладка (oladka, “pancake, fritter”). In Polish łatka (“patch”) or placek, placki (“fritter, fritters”).

Her favorite Chanukah memories were of eating latkes and sour cream while her mother gossiped with the aunts and cousins.

We do not spend our days huddled in smoke-filled rooms plotting world domination while Jared Kushner plays dreidel in the back with Noam Chomsky and George Soros sneaks the last latke.

2022 January 19, Yair Rosenberg, “Why So Many People Still Don’t Understand Anti-Semitism”, in The Atlantic:

A pancake fried in oil, usually made from potatoes and sometimes also onions, traditionally served on Hanukkah.


Idaho

Colorado Territory
Columbia River
New-York Tribune
Oxford English Dictionary

Uncertain; possibly from Plains Apache ídaahȩ́ (“Comanche”), though the Oxford English Dictionary states that the development of the state’s name from that word remains undocumented. The name Idaho was said to have been considered around 1860 for what was eventually called the Colorado Territory (now the state of Colorado) in 1861, and in 1863 was given to Idaho County (now part of Idaho); the county was named after a steamship launched on the Columbia River in 1860.
The eccentric political lobbyist George Maurice Willing, Jr. (c. 1829 – 1874) claimed to have coined the name after a girl named Ida, though saying it was a Shoshoni term meaning “gem of the mountains” (no such term exists), but evidence suggests that there was use of the name in Colorado pre-dating Willing’s arrival in the West in 1859.
The common noun (“type of potato”) is derived from the name of the state.

A state in the western United States. Capital and largest city: Boise.

An unincorporated community in Pike County, Ohio, United States, named for Idaho Territory.


Idaho

In full Idaho potato: a variety of potato grown in Idaho, especially the Russet Burbank.

Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · New Mexico · New York · North Carolina · North Dakota · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Rhode Island · South Carolina · South Dakota · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · West Virginia · Wisconsin · Wyoming

American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · United States minor outlying islands · United States Virgin Islands


petunia

From New Latin Petunia, from (now obsolete) French pétun (“the tobacco plant”), from Portuguese petum (“tobacco”), from Paraguayan Guaraní pety.

Usually petunias are quite pest free, but aphids are occasional problems.

2002, Larry Hodgson, Annuals for Every Purpose, page 57:

The small purple petunias are produced in profusion and without ceasing during the entire season.

2003, Norman Winter, Tough-As-Nails Flowers for the South, page 39:

Closely related calibrachoas, often called miniature petunias, offer dainty petunia-like blossoms that are perfect for planting in pots.
No matter what type of petunias you choose, they all prefer plenty of sun.

2013, Jan Riggenbach, Your Midwest Garden: An Owner's Manual, page 18:

Any of the flowering plants of genus Petunia, of which most garden varieties are hybrids.


petunia

From New Latin Petunia, from French petun (“obsolete word for the tobacco plant”), from Portuguese petum (“tobacco”), from Paraguayan Guaraní pety.


petunia

petunia (nominative singular)
petunie (nominative plural)
petunii (genitive singular)
petunii (genitive plural)
petunij (archaic genitive plural)
petunii (dative singular)
petuniom (dative plural)
petunię (accusative singular)
petunie (accusative plural)
petunią (instrumental singular)
petuniami (instrumental plural)
petunii (locative singular)
petuniach (locative plural)
petunio (singular vocative)
petunie (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English petunia, French pétunia, German Petunie, ultimately from New Latin Petunia, from French pétun, from Portuguese petum, from Paraguayan Guaraní pety.

petunia (any plant of the genus Petunia)


pepperoni

Unadapted borrowing from English pepperoni.

ubor

pepperoni (pizza with only tomato sauce, cheese, and pepperoni toppings)


chipotle

From Spanish chipotle, from Classical Nahuatl chīlpōctli, compound of chīlli (“pepper”) + pōctli (“smoke”).

Sweet corn on the cob comes to vibrant life with a caramelized glaze of smoky chipotle peppers, tangy lime juice, sea salt, and agave nectar.

2012, Bo Rinaldi, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Low-Fat Vegan Cooking, Penguin, →ISBN:

A ripe jalapeño pepper, dried and smoked for use in cooking.

乾紅辣椒

a ripe jalapeño pepper, dried and smoked for use in cooking


chipotle

From a compound of Classical Nahuatl chīlli (“pepper”) + pōctli (“smoke”).


paprika

en-noun

paprika (countable and uncountable, plural paprikas)

Borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Indo-Aryan; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). Akin to paprikash.

cog

California is taking the lead, producing a paprika that is more standardized and more uniformly available than the European growers offer.

1995, Jean Andrews, Peppers: The Domesticated Capsicums, →ISBN, page 73:

(uncountable) Powdered spice made from dried and ground fruits of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper (cultivars of Capsicum annuum), or mixtures of these (used especially in Hungarian cooking).

Using the trio of paprikas gives more flavour than you'd get using a single paprika.

2011, Heidi Swan, Super Natural Evey Day, →ISBN:

strings of red paprikas hang outside to dry in the autumn

2003, Jonathan Bousfield, Rough Guide to Croatia, →ISBN, page 123:

(countable, rare, commonly called "dried [bell/chilli] peppers" or "dried capsicums") A dried but not yet ground fruit of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper sold for use as a spice.

paprika:

A bright reddish orange colour resembling that of the ground spice.


paprika

paprika (nominative singular)
papriky (nominative plural)
papriky (genitive singular)
paprik (genitive plural)
paprice (dative singular)
paprikám (dative plural)
papriku (accusative singular)
papriky (accusative plural)
papriko (singular vocative)
papriky (plural vocative)
paprice (locative singular)
paprikách (locative plural)
paprikou (instrumental singular)
paprikami (instrumental plural)


paprika

nl-noun

paprika f (plural paprika's, diminutive paprikaatje n)

paprika's (plural)
paprikaatje (diminutive neuter)

From German Paprika, from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar (“pepper”), from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from an Indo-Aryan language.

Deze paprika bevat veel zaadjes.

This bell pepper contains a lot of seeds.

Het lukt me niet om paprika te laten groeien op mijn balkon.

I can't get a Capsicum annuum plant to grow on my balcony.

sweet pepper, bell pepper (plant or fruit of Capsicum annuum varieties yielding sweet peppers)


paprika

paprika (nominative singular)
paprikat (nominative plural)
paprika (accusative nominative singular)
paprikat (accusative nominative plural)
paprikan (accusative genitive singular)
paprikat (accusative genitive plural)
paprikan (genitive singular)
paprikoiden (genitive plural)
paprikoitten (genitive plural)
paprikain (genitive plural rare)
paprikaa (partitive singular)
paprikoita (partitive plural)
paprikassa (inessive singular)
paprikoissa (inessive plural)
paprikasta (elative singular)
paprikoista (elative plural)
paprikaan (illative singular)
paprikoihin (illative plural)
paprikalla (adessive singular)
paprikoilla (adessive plural)
paprikalta (ablative singular)
paprikoilta (ablative plural)
paprikalle (allative singular)
paprikoille (allative plural)
paprikana (essive singular)
paprikoina (essive plural)
paprikaksi (singular translative)
paprikoiksi (plural translative)
paprikatta (abessive singular)
paprikoitta (abessive plural)
paprikoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
paprikani (nominative singular)
paprikani (nominative plural)
paprikani (accusative nominative singular)
paprikani (accusative nominative plural)
paprikani (accusative genitive singular)
paprikani (accusative genitive plural)
paprikani (genitive singular)
paprikoideni (genitive plural)
paprikoitteni (genitive plural)
paprikaini (genitive plural rare)
paprikaani (partitive singular)
paprikoitani (partitive plural)
paprikassani (inessive singular)
paprikoissani (inessive plural)
paprikastani (elative singular)
paprikoistani (elative plural)
paprikaani (illative singular)
paprikoihini (illative plural)
paprikallani (adessive singular)
paprikoillani (adessive plural)
paprikaltani (ablative singular)
paprikoiltani (ablative plural)
paprikalleni (allative singular)
paprikoilleni (allative plural)
paprikanani (essive singular)
paprikoinani (essive plural)
paprikakseni (singular translative)
paprikoikseni (plural translative)
paprikattani (abessive singular)
paprikoittani (abessive plural)
paprikoineni (comitative plural)
paprikasi (nominative singular)
paprikasi (nominative plural)
paprikasi (accusative nominative singular)
paprikasi (accusative nominative plural)
paprikasi (accusative genitive singular)
paprikasi (accusative genitive plural)
paprikasi (genitive singular)
paprikoidesi (genitive plural)
paprikoittesi (genitive plural)
paprikaisi (genitive plural rare)
paprikaasi (partitive singular)
paprikoitasi (partitive plural)
paprikassasi (inessive singular)
paprikoissasi (inessive plural)
paprikastasi (elative singular)
paprikoistasi (elative plural)
paprikaasi (illative singular)
paprikoihisi (illative plural)
paprikallasi (adessive singular)
paprikoillasi (adessive plural)
paprikaltasi (ablative singular)
paprikoiltasi (ablative plural)
paprikallesi (allative singular)
paprikoillesi (allative plural)
paprikanasi (essive singular)
paprikoinasi (essive plural)
paprikaksesi (singular translative)
paprikoiksesi (plural translative)
paprikattasi (abessive singular)
paprikoittasi (abessive plural)
paprikoinesi (comitative plural)
paprikamme (nominative singular)
paprikamme (nominative plural)
paprikamme (accusative nominative singular)
paprikamme (accusative nominative plural)
paprikamme (accusative genitive singular)
paprikamme (accusative genitive plural)
paprikamme (genitive singular)
paprikoidemme (genitive plural)
paprikoittemme (genitive plural)
paprikaimme (genitive plural rare)
paprikaamme (partitive singular)
paprikoitamme (partitive plural)
paprikassamme (inessive singular)
paprikoissamme (inessive plural)
paprikastamme (elative singular)
paprikoistamme (elative plural)
paprikaamme (illative singular)
paprikoihimme (illative plural)
paprikallamme (adessive singular)
paprikoillamme (adessive plural)
paprikaltamme (ablative singular)
paprikoiltamme (ablative plural)
paprikallemme (allative singular)
paprikoillemme (allative plural)
paprikanamme (essive singular)
paprikoinamme (essive plural)
paprikaksemme (singular translative)
paprikoiksemme (plural translative)
paprikattamme (abessive singular)
paprikoittamme (abessive plural)
paprikoinemme (comitative plural)
paprikanne (nominative singular)
paprikanne (nominative plural)
paprikanne (accusative nominative singular)
paprikanne (accusative nominative plural)
paprikanne (accusative genitive singular)
paprikanne (accusative genitive plural)
paprikanne (genitive singular)
paprikoidenne (genitive plural)
paprikoittenne (genitive plural)
paprikainne (genitive plural rare)
paprikaanne (partitive singular)
paprikoitanne (partitive plural)
paprikassanne (inessive singular)
paprikoissanne (inessive plural)
paprikastanne (elative singular)
paprikoistanne (elative plural)
paprikaanne (illative singular)
paprikoihinne (illative plural)
paprikallanne (adessive singular)
paprikoillanne (adessive plural)
paprikaltanne (ablative singular)
paprikoiltanne (ablative plural)
paprikallenne (allative singular)
paprikoillenne (allative plural)
paprikananne (essive singular)
paprikoinanne (essive plural)
paprikaksenne (singular translative)
paprikoiksenne (plural translative)
paprikattanne (abessive singular)
paprikoittanne (abessive plural)
paprikoinenne (comitative plural)
paprikansa (nominative singular)
paprikansa (nominative plural)
paprikansa (accusative nominative singular)
paprikansa (accusative nominative plural)
paprikansa (accusative genitive singular)
paprikansa (accusative genitive plural)
paprikansa (genitive singular)
paprikoidensa (genitive plural)
paprikoittensa (genitive plural)
paprikainsa (genitive plural rare)
paprikaansa (partitive singular)
paprikoitaan (partitive plural)
paprikoitansa (partitive plural)
paprikassaan (inessive singular)
paprikassansa (inessive singular)
paprikoissaan (inessive plural)
paprikoissansa (inessive plural)
paprikastaan (elative singular)
paprikastansa (elative singular)
paprikoistaan (elative plural)
paprikoistansa (elative plural)
paprikaansa (illative singular)
paprikoihinsa (illative plural)
paprikallaan (adessive singular)
paprikallansa (adessive singular)
paprikoillaan (adessive plural)
paprikoillansa (adessive plural)
paprikaltaan (ablative singular)
paprikaltansa (ablative singular)
paprikoiltaan (ablative plural)
paprikoiltansa (ablative plural)
paprikalleen (allative singular)
paprikallensa (allative singular)
paprikoilleen (allative plural)
paprikoillensa (allative plural)
paprikanaan (essive singular)
paprikanansa (essive singular)
paprikoinaan (essive plural)
paprikoinansa (essive plural)
paprikakseen (singular translative)
paprikaksensa (singular translative)
paprikoikseen (plural translative)
paprikoiksensa (plural translative)
paprikattaan (abessive singular)
paprikattansa (abessive singular)
paprikoittaan (abessive plural)
paprikoittansa (abessive plural)
paprikoineen (comitative plural)
paprikoinensa (comitative plural)
paprika (nominative singular)
paprikat (nominative plural)
paprika (accusative nominative singular)
paprikat (accusative nominative plural)
paprikan (accusative genitive singular)
paprikat (accusative genitive plural)
paprikan (genitive singular)
paprikoiden (genitive plural)
paprikoitten (genitive plural)
paprikojen (genitive plural)
paprikain (genitive plural rare)
paprikaa (partitive singular)
paprikoita (partitive plural)
paprikoja (partitive plural)
paprikassa (inessive singular)
paprikoissa (inessive plural)
paprikasta (elative singular)
paprikoista (elative plural)
paprikaan (illative singular)
paprikoihin (illative plural)
paprikalla (adessive singular)
paprikoilla (adessive plural)
paprikalta (ablative singular)
paprikoilta (ablative plural)
paprikalle (allative singular)
paprikoille (allative plural)
paprikana (essive singular)
paprikoina (essive plural)
paprikaksi (singular translative)
paprikoiksi (plural translative)
paprikatta (abessive singular)
paprikoitta (abessive plural)
paprikoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
paprikani (nominative singular)
paprikani (nominative plural)
paprikani (accusative nominative singular)
paprikani (accusative nominative plural)
paprikani (accusative genitive singular)
paprikani (accusative genitive plural)
paprikani (genitive singular)
paprikoideni (genitive plural)
paprikoitteni (genitive plural)
paprikojeni (genitive plural)
paprikaini (genitive plural rare)
paprikaani (partitive singular)
paprikoitani (partitive plural)
paprikojani (partitive plural)
paprikassani (inessive singular)
paprikoissani (inessive plural)
paprikastani (elative singular)
paprikoistani (elative plural)
paprikaani (illative singular)
paprikoihini (illative plural)
paprikallani (adessive singular)
paprikoillani (adessive plural)
paprikaltani (ablative singular)
paprikoiltani (ablative plural)
paprikalleni (allative singular)
paprikoilleni (allative plural)
paprikanani (essive singular)
paprikoinani (essive plural)
paprikakseni (singular translative)
paprikoikseni (plural translative)
paprikattani (abessive singular)
paprikoittani (abessive plural)
paprikoineni (comitative plural)
paprikasi (nominative singular)
paprikasi (nominative plural)
paprikasi (accusative nominative singular)
paprikasi (accusative nominative plural)
paprikasi (accusative genitive singular)
paprikasi (accusative genitive plural)
paprikasi (genitive singular)
paprikoidesi (genitive plural)
paprikoittesi (genitive plural)
paprikojesi (genitive plural)
paprikaisi (genitive plural rare)
paprikaasi (partitive singular)
paprikoitasi (partitive plural)
paprikojasi (partitive plural)
paprikassasi (inessive singular)
paprikoissasi (inessive plural)
paprikastasi (elative singular)
paprikoistasi (elative plural)
paprikaasi (illative singular)
paprikoihisi (illative plural)
paprikallasi (adessive singular)
paprikoillasi (adessive plural)
paprikaltasi (ablative singular)
paprikoiltasi (ablative plural)
paprikallesi (allative singular)
paprikoillesi (allative plural)
paprikanasi (essive singular)
paprikoinasi (essive plural)
paprikaksesi (singular translative)
paprikoiksesi (plural translative)
paprikattasi (abessive singular)
paprikoittasi (abessive plural)
paprikoinesi (comitative plural)
paprikamme (nominative singular)
paprikamme (nominative plural)
paprikamme (accusative nominative singular)
paprikamme (accusative nominative plural)
paprikamme (accusative genitive singular)
paprikamme (accusative genitive plural)
paprikamme (genitive singular)
paprikoidemme (genitive plural)
paprikoittemme (genitive plural)
paprikojemme (genitive plural)
paprikaimme (genitive plural rare)
paprikaamme (partitive singular)
paprikoitamme (partitive plural)
paprikojamme (partitive plural)
paprikassamme (inessive singular)
paprikoissamme (inessive plural)
paprikastamme (elative singular)
paprikoistamme (elative plural)
paprikaamme (illative singular)
paprikoihimme (illative plural)
paprikallamme (adessive singular)
paprikoillamme (adessive plural)
paprikaltamme (ablative singular)
paprikoiltamme (ablative plural)
paprikallemme (allative singular)
paprikoillemme (allative plural)
paprikanamme (essive singular)
paprikoinamme (essive plural)
paprikaksemme (singular translative)
paprikoiksemme (plural translative)
paprikattamme (abessive singular)
paprikoittamme (abessive plural)
paprikoinemme (comitative plural)
paprikanne (nominative singular)
paprikanne (nominative plural)
paprikanne (accusative nominative singular)
paprikanne (accusative nominative plural)
paprikanne (accusative genitive singular)
paprikanne (accusative genitive plural)
paprikanne (genitive singular)
paprikoidenne (genitive plural)
paprikoittenne (genitive plural)
paprikojenne (genitive plural)
paprikainne (genitive plural rare)
paprikaanne (partitive singular)
paprikoitanne (partitive plural)
paprikojanne (partitive plural)
paprikassanne (inessive singular)
paprikoissanne (inessive plural)
paprikastanne (elative singular)
paprikoistanne (elative plural)
paprikaanne (illative singular)
paprikoihinne (illative plural)
paprikallanne (adessive singular)
paprikoillanne (adessive plural)
paprikaltanne (ablative singular)
paprikoiltanne (ablative plural)
paprikallenne (allative singular)
paprikoillenne (allative plural)
paprikananne (essive singular)
paprikoinanne (essive plural)
paprikaksenne (singular translative)
paprikoiksenne (plural translative)
paprikattanne (abessive singular)
paprikoittanne (abessive plural)
paprikoinenne (comitative plural)
paprikansa (nominative singular)
paprikansa (nominative plural)
paprikansa (accusative nominative singular)
paprikansa (accusative nominative plural)
paprikansa (accusative genitive singular)
paprikansa (accusative genitive plural)
paprikansa (genitive singular)
paprikoidensa (genitive plural)
paprikoittensa (genitive plural)
paprikojensa (genitive plural)
paprikainsa (genitive plural rare)
paprikaansa (partitive singular)
paprikoitaan (partitive plural)
paprikojaan (partitive plural)
paprikoitansa (partitive plural)
paprikojansa (partitive plural)
paprikassaan (inessive singular)
paprikassansa (inessive singular)
paprikoissaan (inessive plural)
paprikoissansa (inessive plural)
paprikastaan (elative singular)
paprikastansa (elative singular)
paprikoistaan (elative plural)
paprikoistansa (elative plural)
paprikaansa (illative singular)
paprikoihinsa (illative plural)
paprikallaan (adessive singular)
paprikallansa (adessive singular)
paprikoillaan (adessive plural)
paprikoillansa (adessive plural)
paprikaltaan (ablative singular)
paprikaltansa (ablative singular)
paprikoiltaan (ablative plural)
paprikoiltansa (ablative plural)
paprikalleen (allative singular)
paprikallensa (allative singular)
paprikoilleen (allative plural)
paprikoillensa (allative plural)
paprikanaan (essive singular)
paprikanansa (essive singular)
paprikoinaan (essive plural)
paprikoinansa (essive plural)
paprikakseen (singular translative)
paprikaksensa (singular translative)
paprikoikseen (plural translative)
paprikoiksensa (plural translative)
paprikattaan (abessive singular)
paprikattansa (abessive singular)
paprikoittaan (abessive plural)
paprikoittansa (abessive plural)
paprikoineen (comitative plural)
paprikoinensa (comitative plural)

From German Paprika, from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian paprika.

pepper, bell pepper, sweet pepper (the fruit of a sweet variety of Capsicum annuum, used as vegetable)

paprika (spice made of dried, ground fruit of the milder varieties of Capsicum annuum)


paprika

paprika (nominative singular)
paprikas (nominative plural)
papriku (accusative singular)
paprikas (accusative plural)
paprikas (genitive singular)
papriku (genitive plural)
paprikai (dative singular)
paprikām (dative plural)
papriku (instrumental singular)
paprikām (instrumental plural)
paprikā (locative singular)
paprikās (locative plural)
paprika (singular vocative)
paprikas (plural vocative)

Via other European languages, borrowed from Hungarian paprika, itself from Serbo-Croatian páprika, from pȁpar, from Latin piper (“pepper”), whence also Latvian pipars (q.v.).

paprikas augļi

paprika dienvidos ir puskrūms, bet Latvijā to audzē kā viengadīgu augu

in the south, sweet pepper is a perennial bush (= plant), but in Latvia it is grown as an annual plant

paprikas dzimtene ir Amerikas kontinenta tropu rajoni

the native land of sweet peppers are the tropical regions of the American continent

sweet pepper, bell pepper (non-spicy type or cultivar of pepper, esp. Capsicum annuum)

gaļu sagriež gabaliņos, apcep taukvielā, liek katlā, pievieno papriku

cut the meat into small pieces, fry in a fat substance (= butter or margarine), put it in a pot (and) add paprika

(only plural) sweet pepper (the green, yellow or red fruits of this plant, eaten as vegetables; also, a condiment powder made from these fruits)


paprika

paprika (nominative singular)
paprice (dual nominative)
papriki (nominative plural)
papriki (genitive singular)
paprikowu (dual genitive)
paprikow (genitive plural)
paprice (dative singular)
paprikoma (dative dual)
paprikam (dative plural)
papriku (accusative singular)
paprice (accusative dual)
papriki (accusative plural)
papriku (instrumental singular)
paprikoma (dual instrumental)
paprikami (instrumental plural)
paprice (locative singular)
paprikoma (dual locative)
paprikach (locative plural)

Borrowed from German Paprika, from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).


paprika

pàprika (canonical feminine)
па̀прика (Cyrillic)
pàprika (nominative singular)
paprike (nominative plural)
paprike (genitive singular)
pȁprīkā (genitive plural)
paprici (dative singular)
paprikama (dative plural)
papriku (accusative singular)
paprike (accusative plural)
papriko (singular vocative)
paprike (plural vocative)
paprici (locative singular)
paprikama (locative plural)
paprikom (instrumental singular)
paprikama (instrumental plural)

→ Hungarian: paprika (see there for further descendants)

From pȁpar (“pepper”) + -ika, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper (“pepper”), from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).

bell pepper, pepper, paprika (Capsicum fruit)


paprika

sk-noun

paprika f (related adjective paprikový, diminutive paprička)

paprikový (adjective)
paprička (diminutive)
nominative
paprika (singular)
papriky (plural)
genitive
papriky (singular)
paprík (plural)
dative
paprike (singular)
paprikám (plural)
accusative
papriku (singular)
locative
paprikách (plural)
instrumental
paprikou (singular)
paprikami (plural)

Borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).


beladono

eo-head

beladono (accusative singular beladonon, plural beladonoj, accusative plural beladonojn)

beladonon (accusative singular)
beladonoj (plural)
beladonojn (accusative plural)

From Italian belladonna (bella donna, literally “beautiful lady”), altered by folk etymology from Medieval Latin bladona (“nightshade”), from Gaulish *blātōnā, blātunā, from Proto-Celtic *blātus (“flower”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰléh₃tus, from *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”). The folk etymology was motivated by the cosmetic use of nightshade for dilating the eyes.

der

<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">bella donna</i>

deadly nightshade
deadly nightshade#English

Atropa belladonna
Atropa belladonna#Translingual

deadly nightshade, belladonna (Atropa belladonna)


chilli

Unadapted borrowing from English chilli.


tabasco

en-noun

tabasco (usually uncountable, plural tabascos)

Louisiana is a major producer of tabascos.


gooseberry

From goose + berry. It is possible that the first element was originally something related to the gros- of French groseille and/or the kruis- of Dutch kruisbes but has been altered by folk etymology.

Any of several other plants that are not closely related but bear fruit in some way similar:

Long Key locustberry or shiny locustberry (Byrsonima lucida)


cascabel

The very pungent Mexican Cascabel looks a lot like the Cherry pepper when it is growing.[…]In the dry state the skin becomes translucent and the seeds are loose so that they rattle, hence cascabel, which means sleigh or jingle bells. Another cultivar, the elongate Catarina, is often called Cascabel because its dry seeds also make a noise within its translucent dry skin.

1984, Jean Andrews, Peppers: The Domesticated Capsicums, published 1995, page 100:

Cascabels are available dried in Latin American markets. Hot and nutty in flavor, cascabels are good in sauces, beans, and chilis.

1997, Didi Emmons, Vegetarian Planet: 350 Big-Flavor Recipes for Out-Of-This-World Food Every Day, page 415:

Prepare the cascabels using one of the methods in the Preparing Cascabels box, at left.

2004, Rick Greenspan, Hal Kahn, The Leave-No-Crumbs Camping Cookbook, page 94:

A small, round, hot variety of chili pepper, Capsicum annuum, which rattles when dry.

The cascabel, instead of being permanently attached to the breech of the piece, is set into it by means of a screw, and thus in reality the bore extends the entire distance of the gun, so that when the cascabel is taken off one can look directly through the gun.

1862, Samuel Kneeland, George Bliss, David Ames Wells, William Ripley Nichols, edited by Charles Robert Cross and John Trowbridge, Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, page 91:

This iron cannon with a single muzzle band, without trunnions and with an oversized cascabel is believed by many to be the original “Come and Take It” cannon and is displayed at the Gonzales Memorial Museum and occasionally elsewhere within Texas.

2011, Roy F Sullivan, The Texas Revolution: Tejano Heroes, page 137:

I was looking at a 151 mm caliber cannon, which used the twentyfour pound cannon ball and displayed a beautiful lion′s head on the back end of its breach area. An elaborate cascabel stuck out of the mouth of each animal. The cascabel was primarily used to attach ropes that secured the cannon during the recoil blowback that came from firing.

2011, Chris Messner, Cuba Open from the Inside: Travels in the Forbidden Land:

A knob at the end of a cannon, cast onto the gun breech, to which a heavy rope is attached in order to control recoil.


cascabel

→ English: cascabel

→ French: cascabelle

From Old Occitan cascavel, from Vulgar Latin cascābellus (“small bell”), diminutive of cascābus, from Latin cāccabus.
Influenced by Latin quassicāre, based on Latin quassāre (“to shake repeatedly, to quake”), because when the chili is being prepared, the seeds make a rattling noise when the pepper is dried.


pomme de terre

fr-noun

pomme de terre f (plural pommes de terre)

→ German: Erdapfel (calque)

desc

→ Persian: سیب زمینی (sib-zamini) (calque)

→ Hebrew: תפוח אדמה (calque)

Literally, “apple of [the] earth”. The word pomme used to mean "fruit" in Old French. The French construction originated, as calques, Dutch aardappel, Icelandic jarðepli, Persian سیبزمینی (sib-zamini), Modern Hebrew תפוח אדמה (tapúakh adamá), the rare English earthapple, German Erdapfel, etc.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum#Translingual


robe

→ Irish: róba

→ Scottish Gaelic: ròb

From Middle English robe, roobe, from Old French robe, robbe, reube (“booty, spoils of war, robe, garment”), from Frankish *rouba, *rauba (“booty, spoils, stolen clothes”, literally “things taken”), from Proto-Germanic *raubō, *raubaz, *raubą (“booty, that which is stripped or carried away”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to tear, peel”).
cognates and related terms
Akin to Old High German roup (“booty”) (Modern German Raub (“robbery, spoils”)), Old High German roubōn (“to rob, steal”) (Modern German rauben (“to rob”)), Old English rēaf (“spoils, booty, dress, armour, robe, garment”), Old English rēafian (“to steal, deprive”). Cognate with Spanish ropa (“clothing, clothes”). More at rob, reaf, reave.

cog

Through tattered clothes small vices do appear; / Robes and furred gowns hide all.

c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vi]:

A long loose outer garment, often signifying honorary stature.

A wardrobe, especially one built into a bedroom.

The largest and strongest tobacco leaves.


robe

en-verb

robe (third-person singular simple present robes, present participle robing, simple past and past participle robed)

robes (present singular third-person)
robing (participle present)
robed (participle past)
robed (past)

(intransitive) To put on official vestments.


chili

en-noun

chili (countable and uncountable, plural chilis or chilies)

→ Welsh: tsili

Borrowed from Spanish chile, from Classical Nahuatl chīlli.

Capsicum—the dried ripe fruit of Capsicum fastigiatum—is also known as Chilly pepper, Chillies, Guinea, or pod pepper, and is chiefly brought from Zanzibar. The several varieties differ in shape and size, are of a red colour, and filled with numerous red-brown, pungent seeds.

1874, Finlay Dun, “Peppers”, in Veterinary Medicines: Their Actions and Uses, 4th edition, New York, N.Y.: William Wood & Company, →OCLC, pages 442–443:

Kama Indian Bistro, […] Everything is made from scratch, including the spice blends and sauces; the ingredients are quality; and the heat is no-holds-barred. Planks of crispy, "chilly" potatoes and elegant, delicately flavored shrimp Sunnaina in white-wine garlic-tomato concassé are hits.

2014, Jennifer Olvera, “Suburban Stunners, Stalwarts & Surprises”, in Amy Lyons, editor, Food Lovers’ Guide to Chicago: The Best Restaurants, Markets & Local Culinary Offerings (Food Lovers’ Series), 2nd edition, Guilford, Conn.: Globe Pequot Press, →ISBN, page 187:

(countable) The pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.

(uncountable) Powdered chili pepper, used as a spice or flavouring in cooking.


chili

Ellipsis of chili con carne, from Spanish chile con carne (literally “chili with meat”).

der

(chiefly US) A dish made with chili peppers and other ingredients, such as beans and beef.


chili

Borrowing from Spanish chili, from Classical Nahuatl chīlli.


chili

chili (spicy fresh or dried fruit of capsicum)


chili

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish chili, from Classical Nahuatl chīlli.

chili pepper (piquant fruit of Capsicum plants, especially the varieties used in Mexican cuisine)

(uncountable) chili (spice made from chili peppers)

(uncountable) chili; chili con carne (dish of meat, beans, tomato sauce and chili)


aubergine

en-noun

aubergine (countable and uncountable, plural aubergines)

Bislama: obesin

Unadapted borrowing from French aubergine, from Catalan albergínia, from Arabic اَلْبَاذِنْجَان (al-bāḏinjān, “the aubergine”), from Persian بادنجان (bâdenjân), from باتنجان (bâtenjân), from Sanskrit वातिगगम (vātigagama, “the plant that cures the wind”), cognate with Malayalam വഴുതന (vaḻutana). Doublet of brinjal.

der

اَلْبَاذِنْجَان

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena#Translingual

(British, Ireland) An Asian plant, Solanum melongena, cultivated for its edible purple, green, or white ovoid fruit; eggplant.

(British, Ireland) The fruit of this plant, eaten as a vegetable.


aubergine

nl-noun

aubergine f (plural aubergines, diminutive auberginetje n)

aubergines (plural)
auberginetje (diminutive neuter)

Unadapted borrowing from French aubergine, from Catalan albergínia, from Arabic اَلْبَاذِنْجَان (al-bāḏinjān, “the eggplant”), from Classical Persian بادنجان (bâdenjân), from باتنجان (bâtenjân), from Sanskrit वातिगगम (vātigagama, “eggplant”, literally “the plant that cures the wind”).

der

اَلْبَاذِنْجَان

an aubergine, an eggplant (plant), Solanum melongena


aubergine

Haitian Creole: berejèn

→ Breton: berjinezenn

→ Danish: aubergine

→ Dutch: aubergine

→ English: aubergine
Bislama: obesin

→ German: Aubergine

→ Limburgish: oberzjien

→ Lower Sorbian: oberžina

→ Luxembourgish: Aubergine

→ Manx: auberjeen

→ Norman: aubèrginne

→ North Frisian: aubergine

→ Norwegian: aubergine

→ Occitan: aubergina

→ Picard: oubàrjine

→ Piedmontese: obergin-a

→ Polish: oberżyna

→ Romansch: oberschina

→ Scots: aubergine

→ Swedish: aubergin

→ Walloon: åberdjene

→ West Frisian: auberzjine

Borrowed from Catalan albergínia, from Arabic اَلْبَاذِنْجَان (al-bāḏinjān, “the eggplant”), from Classical Persian بَادِنْگَان (bādingān), from بَاتِنْگَان (bātingān), from Sanskrit वातिगगम (vātigagama, “eggplant”, literally “the plant that cures the wind”).

اَلْبَاذِنْجَان

(historical) a French female traffic warden (from the colour of their uniforms; more recently pervenche)


aubergine

aubergine (indefinite nominative singular)
aubergines (genitive indefinite singular)
auberginen (definite nominative singular)
auberginens (definite genitive singular)
auberginer (indefinite nominative plural)
auberginers (genitive indefinite plural)
auberginerna (definite nominative plural)
auberginernas (definite genitive plural)

Unadapted borrowing from French aubergine.

eggplant, aubergine (fruit, plant, color)


aloo

From Hindustani آلو (ālo) / आलू (ālū), ultimately from Sanskrit आलु (ālu), said to mean the edible root of a variety of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius.


aloo

Borrowed from Hindi आलू (ālū), ultimately from Sanskrit आलु (ālu), said to mean the edible root of a variety of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius.

The hire-kyaar man eat out all ah aloo curry,

The taxi driver finished the potato curry.


fata

head

fata m (genitive singular fata, nominative plural fataí)

fata (genitive singular)
fataí (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
fata (indefinite singular)
fataí (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a fhata (indefinite singular)
a fhataí (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an fata (definite singular)
na fataí (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an fhata (definite singular)
na bhfataí (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an bhfata (definite singular)
don fhata (definite singular)
leis na fataí (definite plural)
fata
fhata
bhfata


eggplant

en-noun

eggplant (countable and uncountable, plural eggplants)

From egg + plant, originally applied only to the white-colored, egg-shaped variety.

(Canada, US, Australia, New Zealand, Philippines) The plant Solanum melongena.


cigaredo

eo-head

cigaredo (accusative singular cigaredon, plural cigaredoj, accusative plural cigaredojn)

cigaredon (accusative singular)
cigaredoj (plural)
cigaredojn (accusative plural)

From French cigarette, from cigare (“cigar”) (via Spanish cigarro) + -ette (diminutive suffix). Possibly borrowed as a separate root from cigaro to reserve *cigareto (cigaro + -et-) to mean "small cigar".

Ŝi ĉesis fumi cigaredojn antaŭ tri jaroj kaj fieregas pri ĝi.

She quit smoking cigarettes three years ago and is very proud of it.


cigaro

cigaro (accusative singular cigaron, plural cigaroj, accusative plural cigarojn)

cigaron (accusative singular)
cigaroj (plural)
cigarojn (accusative plural)

From French cigare, English cigar, Yiddish ציגאַר (tsigar), Polish cygaro, Russian сига́ра (sigára), all ultimately from Spanish cigarro. Compare German Zigarre, Italian sigaro.


daturo

daturo (accusative singular daturon, plural daturoj, accusative plural daturojn)

daturon (accusative singular)
daturoj (plural)
daturojn (accusative plural)


sili

Borrowed from Spanish chile, from Classical Nahuatl chilli.


sili

Capsicum; a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae


Aubergine

de-noun

Aubergine f (genitive Aubergine, plural Auberginen)

Aubergine (genitive)
Auberginen (plural)
Aubergine (nominative singular)
Auberginen (definite nominative plural)
Aubergine (genitive singular)
Auberginen (definite genitive plural)
Aubergine (dative singular)
Auberginen (dative definite plural)
Aubergine (accusative singular)
Auberginen (accusative definite plural)

/ˈoːbɛrˌʃiːnə/

common form in southern Germany, Austria, Switzerland

Unadapted borrowing from French aubergine. Doublet of Melanzani.

aubergine, eggplant (plant, vegetable, herb)


Paprika

m,s,-􂀿usually with an article, determiner or numeral􂁀:s􂀿usually when standing alone􂁀

Paprika m (strong, genitive Paprikas, plural (usually with an article, determiner or numeral) Paprika or (usually when standing alone) Paprikas)

f,-􂀿usually with an article, determiner or numeral􂁀:s􂀿usually when standing alone􂁀

Paprika f (genitive Paprika, plural (usually with an article, determiner or numeral) Paprika or (usually when standing alone) Paprikas)

Paprikas (genitive)
Paprika (determiner numeral plural usually)
Paprikas (plural usually)
Paprika (genitive)
Paprika (determiner numeral plural usually)
Paprikas (plural usually)
Paprika (nominative singular)
Paprika (definite nominative plural)
Paprikas (definite nominative plural)
Paprikas (genitive singular)
Paprika (definite genitive plural)
Paprikas (definite genitive plural)
Paprika (dative singular)
Paprika (dative definite plural)
Paprikas (dative definite plural)
Paprika (accusative singular)
Paprika (accusative definite plural)
Paprikas (accusative definite plural)
Paprika (nominative singular)
Paprika (definite nominative plural)
Paprikas (definite nominative plural)
Paprika (genitive singular)
Paprika (definite genitive plural)
Paprikas (definite genitive plural)
Paprika (dative singular)
Paprika (dative definite plural)
Paprikas (dative definite plural)
Paprika (accusative singular)
Paprika (accusative definite plural)
Paprikas (accusative definite plural)

Borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).


Tomate

de-noun

Tomate f (genitive Tomate, plural Tomaten)

Tomate (genitive)
Tomaten (plural)
Tomate (nominative singular)
Tomaten (definite nominative plural)
Tomate (genitive singular)
Tomaten (definite genitive plural)
Tomate (dative singular)
Tomaten (dative definite plural)
Tomate (accusative singular)
Tomaten (accusative definite plural)

→ Kashubian: tomata

Borrowed from French tomate or Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl (“tomatillo”), the tomato proper being xītomatl.


chile

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl chīlli (“pepper”).

bor+

(Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Philippines, US) chili, chilli, chile


potato bread

en-noun

potato bread (countable and uncountable, plural potato breads)

A type of bread made with potatoes, often served shallow-fried as part of a cooked breakfast, common in Northern Ireland and Scotland.

Kartoffelbrot

a type of bread made with potatoes and onions


bell pepper

bell pepper (countable and uncountable, plural bell peppers)

(Canada, US, Philippines) Capsicum annuum, an edible, sweet, generally mild (not spicy) fruit, originating in the New World.


आलू

ālū (romanization)
آلو (Urdu)
आलू (direct singular)
आलू (direct plural)
आलू (oblique singular)
आलुओं (oblique plural)
आलू (singular vocative)
आलुओ (plural vocative)

→ English: aloo

→ Burmese: အာလူး (alu:)

→ S'gaw Karen: အၣ်လူ (ʼà loo)

desc

→ Shan: ဢႃႇလူး (ʼàa lúu)

→ Shan: ဢႃႇလူး (ʼàa lúu)

→ Guyanese Creole English: aloo

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀆𑀮𑀼𑀕 (āluga), from Sanskrit आलुक (āluka, “elephant foot yam”). Doublet of आलु (ālu) and आलुक (āluk). The word began to be used in the sense "potato" after the importation of potatoes to South Asia from the Americas by Europeans, displacing cultivation of the similar elephant foot yam.


tatty

I'm buying fucking tatties.

2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 245:

(Scotland, Northern England, Geordie) A potato.


бабушка

head

бабушка • (babuška) f (plural бабушки, diminutive бабувче)

babuška (romanization)
бабушки (plural)
бабувче (diminutive)
бабушка (indefinite singular)
бабушки (indefinite plural)
бабушката (definite singular unspecified)
бабушките (definite plural unspecified)
бабушкава (definite proximal singular)
бабушкиве (definite plural proximal)
бабушкана (definite distal singular)
бабушкине (definite distal plural)
бабушко (singular vocative)
бабушки (plural vocative)


Anaheim

Borrowed from German Anaheim (literally “home of Ana”). Likely a reference to the local Santa Ana River.

bor

A city in Orange County, in southern California, United States; the home of Disneyland.


Anaheim

A cultivar of the green or red pepper, Capsicum annuum, having long, tapering fruit.


Erdbirne

de-noun

Erdbirne f (genitive Erdbirne, plural Erdbirnen)

Erdbirne (genitive)
Erdbirnen (plural)
Erdbirne (nominative singular)
Erdbirnen (definite nominative plural)
Erdbirne (genitive singular)
Erdbirnen (definite genitive plural)
Erdbirne (dative singular)
Erdbirnen (dative definite plural)
Erdbirne (accusative singular)
Erdbirnen (accusative definite plural)


Erdapfel

Erdapfel m (strong, genitive Erdapfels, plural Erdäpfel)

Erdapfels (genitive)
Erdäpfel (plural)
Erdapfel (nominative singular)
Erdäpfel (definite nominative plural)
Erdapfels (genitive singular)
Erdäpfel (definite genitive plural)
Erdapfel (dative singular)
Erdäpfeln (dative definite plural)
Erdapfel (accusative singular)
Erdäpfel (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German ertapfel, erdapfel, ertöpfel, erdöpfel, ertaphel (“mandrake, cucumber, pumpkin, melon”), from Old High German erdapful, erdaphul (“pumpkin, squash, melon”), from Proto-West Germanic *erþapplu, equivalent to Erde (“earth”) + Apfel (“apple”). Cognate with Dutch aardappel (“potato”) and West Frisian ierappel (“potato”). Modern sense probably a calque of French pomme de terre (“potato”).

calque

(Austria, Southern Germany, South Tyrol, dialectal elsewhere) potato

South Tyrol; dialectal elsewhere; South Tyrol; dialectal elsewhere


Kartoffel

de-noun

Kartoffel f (genitive Kartoffel, plural Kartoffeln, diminutive Kartöffelchen n)

Kartoffel (genitive)
Kartoffeln (plural)
Kartöffelchen (diminutive neuter)
Kartoffel (nominative singular)
Kartoffeln (definite nominative plural)
Kartoffel (genitive singular)
Kartoffeln (definite genitive plural)
Kartoffel (dative singular)
Kartoffeln (dative definite plural)
Kartoffel (accusative singular)
Kartoffeln (accusative definite plural)

→ Albanian: kërtollë

→ Bulgarian: картоф (kartof)

desctree

→ Danish: kartoffel
→ Icelandic: kartafla

→ English: kartoffel

→ Estonian: kartul

→ Latvian: kartupelis

→ Polish: kartofel

→ Romanian: cartof

→ Russian: карто́фель (kartófelʹ) (see there for further descendants)

desc

⇒ Russian: карто́шка (kartóška) (diminutive) (see there for further descendants)

→ Ukrainian: картопля (kartoplja)

→ Yiddish: קאַרטאָפֿל (kartofl)

From older Tartuffel or Tartüffel (18th c.), from Italian tartufolo, diminutive of tartufo (“truffle”), from Medieval Latin *territūberum or Latin terrae tūber (“tuber of the earth”).
The use as an ethnic nickname is due to the prominence of potatoes in German cuisine. Compare Spaghetti (“Italian”), Käskopp (“Dutch person”).

der

Coordinate term: Alman

Ich kenne Kartoffeln, die so wie ich, freiwillig und ohne „triftigen Grund“ auf Schnaps und anderen Alkohol verzichten.

2021 September 17, Mohamed Amjahid, “Verzicht auf Alkohol und Drogen: Am O-Saft nippen”, in Die Tageszeitung: taz, →ISSN:

I know Germans [lit. potatoes] who, like me, forgo schnapps and other alcoholic beverages voluntarily and without a "compelling reason" for doing so.

(sometimes derogatory) a German; particularly an ethnic German from the perspective of allochthonous populations in Germany

rin in die Kartoffeln, raus aus den Kartoffeln


Kartoffel

hrx-noun

Kartoffel f (plural Kartoffle, diminutive Kartoffelche)

Kartoffle (plural)
Kartoffelche (diminutive)

Host-du die Kartoffle schun gekochd?


ien

head

ien (classifier go, 1957–1982 spelling ien)

ien (classifier ci, 1957–1982 spelling ien)


koni

koni (genitive)
koni (partitive)
koni (nominative singular)
konid (nominative plural)
koni (accusative nominative singular)
konid (accusative nominative plural)
koni (accusative genitive singular)
konid (accusative genitive plural)
koni (genitive singular)
konide (genitive plural)
koni (partitive singular)
konisid (partitive plural)
konni (illative singular)
konisse (illative singular)
konidesse (illative plural)
konis (inessive singular)
konides (inessive plural)
konist (elative singular)
konidest (elative plural)
konile (allative singular)
konidele (allative plural)
konil (adessive singular)
konidel (adessive plural)
konilt (ablative singular)
konidelt (ablative plural)
koniks (singular translative)
konideks (plural translative)
konini (singular terminative)
konideni (plural terminative)
konina (essive singular)
konidena (essive plural)
konita (abessive singular)
konideta (abessive plural)
koniga (comitative singular)
konidega (comitative plural)

From Russian кончик (končik, “tip, point”). Originally a military slang word.


tóbak

is-noun

tóbak n (genitive singular tóbaks, no plural)

tóbaks (genitive singular)
tóbak (indefinite nominative singular)
tóbakið (definite nominative singular)
tóbak (accusative indefinite singular)
tóbakið (accusative definite singular)
tóbaki (dative indefinite singular)
tóbakinu (dative definite singular)
tóbaks (genitive indefinite singular)
tóbaksins (definite genitive singular)


popolo

en-noun

popolo (countable and uncountable, plural popolos)

Borrowed from Hawaiian pōpolo from Proto-Polynesian *polo; cognate with Maori poroporo and pōporo (Solanum aviculare), Tongan polo (“Solanum nigrum”) and Tuvaluan 'opolo (“capsicum”). Skin color meaning comes from analogy to the color of its berries.

The only lack of Kalelealuaka and his comrades was animal food (literally fish) but they supplied its place as well as they could with such herbs as the tender leaves of the popolo, which they cooked like spinach, and with inamona made from the roasted nuts of the kukui tree.

Popolo is a branching green herb with a tendency to being woody at the base. This annual grows one to three feet high on cultivated land and is regarded as a common weed.

1975, L. R. McBride, Practical folk medicine of Hawaii, page 67:

This mite was collected at the Maui Community College agricultural field (Kahului) on popolo berry on 19 July 1995 by C. McGrath.

1998, Hawaiian Entomological Society, Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society:

He turned and went back at the call of the messenger, taking some popolo fruit and leaves in his cloak.

2011, William D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Legends of Ghosts and Ghost-Gods, →ISBN:

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

(Hawaii) black nightshade (Solanum nigrum).


tabasco pepper

tabasco pepper (countable and uncountable, plural tabasco peppers)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tabasco pepper.wav

Capsicum frutescens
Capsicum frutescens#Translingual

A variety of chili pepper having a conical shape and a bitter and burning taste, Capsicum frutescens variety tabasco.


кромпир

кро̀мпӣр (canonical masculine)
kròmpīr (romanization)
кро̀мпӣр (nominative singular)
кромпири (nominative plural)
кромпи́ра (genitive singular)
кромпира (genitive plural)
кромпиру (dative singular)
кромпирима (dative plural)
кромпир (accusative singular)
кромпире (accusative plural)
кромпире (singular vocative)
кромпири (plural vocative)
кромпиру (locative singular)
кромпирима (locative plural)
кромпиром (instrumental singular)
кромпирима (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Austrian German Grundbirne (literally “ground pear”), specifically from Bavarian grumper, krumbeer, krumpir.


krompir

kròmpīr (canonical masculine)
кро̀мпӣр (Cyrillic)
kròmpīr (nominative singular)
krompiri (nominative plural)
krompíra (genitive singular)
krompira (genitive plural)
krompiru (dative singular)
krompirima (dative plural)
krompir (accusative singular)
krompire (accusative plural)
krompire (singular vocative)
krompiri (plural vocative)
krompiru (locative singular)
krompirima (locative plural)
krompirom (instrumental singular)
krompirima (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Bavarian grumper, krumbeer, krumpir (literally “ground pear”) (cognate to German Grundbirne).


krompir

krompīr (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
krompír (nominative singular)
krompírja (dual nominative)
krompírji (nominative plural)
krompírja (genitive singular)
krompírjev (dual genitive)
krompírjev (genitive plural)
krompírju (dative singular)
krompírjema (dative dual)
krompírjem (dative plural)
krompír (accusative singular)
krompírja (accusative dual)
krompírje (accusative plural)
krompírju (locative singular)
krompírjih (dual locative)
krompírjih (locative plural)
krompírjem (instrumental singular)
krompírjema (dual instrumental)
krompírji (instrumental plural)

From dialectal Austrian German Grundbirne, Gruntbir (“ground pear”), from Grund (“ground”) + Birne (“pear”).


chili pepper

Audio (US)

Any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which contains capsaicin and typically has a spicy or burning flavor.


capsaicin

en-noun

capsaicin (usually uncountable, plural capsaicins)

Arbitrary alteration of earlier capsicine, capsicin (“material extracted from cayenne pepper”), presumably to prevent confusion, from German Capsicin, from New Latin capsicum + German -in. Name introduced by John Clough Thresh (1850–1932) in “Capsaicin, the Active Principle of Capsicum Fruits”.

(organic chemistry) A chemical compound found in chilli peppers, which is responsible for their piquancy.


ancho

From Spanish (chile) ancho (literally “wide chile”).

bor

Add stock, tomato sauce, beans, roasted red pepper, garlic, paprika, ancho powder, ground chipotles and habaneros, cocoa powder, salt and pepper.

2009 January 30, “Fire-roasted hot chili”, in Toronto Star:

A broad, flat, dried poblano pepper, often ground into a powder.


bittersweet

[ˈbɪɾɚˌswiʔt̚]

From Middle English bitterswete, biterswete, equivalent to bitter + sweet. Cognate with Saterland Frisian bitterswäit (“bittersweet”), West Frisian bittersoet (“bittersweet”), Dutch bitterzoet (“bittersweet”), German bittersüß (“bittersweet”), Danish bittersød (“bittersweet”), Swedish bittersöt (“bittersweet”).

cog

Bitter ſweete bringeth foorth wooddie ſtalks as doth the Vine, parted into many ſlender creeping braunches, by which it climeth and taketh holde of hedges and ſhrubbes next vnto it. […] Bitter ſweet doth grow in moiſt places about ditches, riuers, and hedges, almoſt euery where.

1597, John Gerarde [i.e., John Gerard], “Of Bitter Sweete, or Woode Nightshade”, in The Herball or Generall Historie of Plantes. […], London: […] Edm[und] Bollifant, for Bonham and Iohn Norton, →OCLC, book II, pages 278–279:

Solanum dulcamara
Solanum dulcamara#Translingual

Bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara).

acıtəhər quşüzümü

bittersweet nightshade, Solanum dulcamara

I had once before visited these three villages, Skedans, Tanoo and Cumshewa. The bitter-sweet of their overwhelming loneliness created a longing to return to them.

1941, Emily Carr, chapter 18, in Klee Wyck:

bittersweet:

A pinkish-orange color. Any color in between scarlet and orange.


hot sauce

en-noun

hot sauce (usually uncountable, plural hot sauces)

Any liquid spicy condiment or cooking ingredient made from chili peppers.


deadly nightshade

deadly nightshade (plural deadly nightshades)

Deadly nightshade, henbane, hellebore and mandrakes were of evil reputation[.]

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 157:

The plant Atropa belladonna, a perennial shrub of the nightshade family that contains high concentrations of the alkaloid atropine which can be deadly if taken in excess.

ܥܸܢ̈ܒ݂ܲܝ ܚܸܘܝܵܐ (ˁenbay ḥewyā, literally “grapes of the snake”)


atropine

atropine (countable and uncountable, plural atropines)

From Latin Atropa (“genus of deadly nightshade”) + -ine.

af

(toxicology, pharmacology) An alkaloid extracted from the plant deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other sources, such as the seeds of the thorn-apple. Though overdoses would be fatal it is used as a drug in medicine for its paralytic effects (e.g. in surgery to relax muscles, in dentistry to dry the mouth, in ophthalmology to dilate the pupils).


green pepper

A green variety of dried peppercorn, made from the unripe berries by treating them in a manner that retains the green color.


nicotine

Borrowed from French nicotine, named after Jean Nicot (1530–1604), French ambassador to Portugal, who sent tobacco seeds back to France in 1561. Etymology of the surname itself is unclear.

He is addicted to nicotine.

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid (C₁₀H₁₄N₂), commonly occurring in the tobacco plant.

He's got nicotine stains on his fingers.


بان

Turkish: ban

Moringa oleifera
Moringa oleifera#Translingual

ben tree, horseradish tree (the Moringa oleifera of Arabia and India, which produces oil of ben)


uta

From u- (“nominalizing prefix”) + ta (“to be spicy”).

affix

(Ào, Ekiti) Alternative form of ata (“pepper”)

ita

Ìlàjẹ, Ọ̀wọ̀, Ìkálẹ̀


apple of Sodom

apple + of + Sodom; compare the common assumption that the forbidden fruit of the Garden of Eden was an apple. Possibly also imitative of Hebrew תַּפּוּחַ (tapuah, “apple”) + סְדוֹם (Sdom, “Sodom”).

(botany) The names of various plants, often bearing bitter or poisonous fruit.

A number of plants of the genus Solanum, the nightshades.

The bitter apple, bitterball, or bitter tomato (Solanum incanum), a plant native to sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and India.


茄子

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/kʰɛː²¹⁻³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰia²⁴ t͡sz̩²/

/t͡ɕʰie¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/ɡa²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/d͡ʑia²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯e̞¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕi̯a̠¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/kʰɛː²¹⁻³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰia²⁴ t͡sz̩²/

/t͡ɕʰie¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/ɡa²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/d͡ʑia²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯e̞¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕi̯a̠¹³ t͡sz̩³/

eggplant; aubergine (Classifier: 根 m; 條／条 m c; 個／个 m c; 隻／只 m c)


茄子

茄子 (canonical)
茄子 (canonical)
nasu (romanization)

/nasubi/ → */nasubʉ/*/nasumɨ/ → /nasumʉ/ → /nasuː/ → /nasu/
First attested in the late 1400s, originally a nyōbō kotoba term.
Shift from nasubi below.

Solanum melongena, the eggplant or aubergine


茄子

茄子 (canonical)
茄子 (canonical)
nasubi (romanization)

親の意見と茄子の花は千に一つも無駄はない

oya no iken to nasubi no hana wa sen ni hitotsu mo muda wa nai

First attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).
Various theories exist regarding the ultimate derivation:
* Shift from a compound of なす (nasu, “to become”, transitive) + 実 (mi, “fruit”)
* Same as above, but with the なす part being a loanword or substrate word of Kra-Dai or Austronesian origin, compare Wu 落蘇／落苏 (⁸loq-su₁), Teochew 落蘇／落苏 (lag⁸ sou¹), Zhuang lwggwz and Paiwan [Term?] (lasaras)
* Shift from 夏の実 (natsu no mi, literally “summer fruit”).
Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 茄子 (qiézi).

珊瑚樹茄子

珊瑚樹茄子 さんごじゅなす

(archaic) Solanum melongena, the eggplant or aubergine

a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with designs of eggplant fruits, flowers, and leaves


もく

(The following entry is uncreated: 黙.)
Reversal of くも (kumo, “cloud”), from the way cigarette smoke looks like clouds.


aardappel

nl-noun

aardappel m (plural aardappelen or aardappels, diminutive aardappeltje n)

aardappelen (plural)
aardappels (plural)
aardappeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aartappel

→ Xhosa: itapile

Berbice Creole Dutch: adaplu

→ Ambonese Malay: artapel

→ Icelandic: jarðepli

→ Kristang: atapal, artapal

→ Malayalam: അടുതാപ്പ് (aṭutāppŭ)

→ Sinhalese: අර්තාපල් (artāpal)

→ Tamil: அர்த்தாப்பு (arttāppu)

From Middle Dutch *āerdappel (“cucumber, pumpkin”), equivalent to aarde (“soil, earth, ground”) + appel (“apple”), cognate with Middle Low German erdappel (modern Low German Erdappel), Old High German erdapful (“pumpkin, squash, melon”) (modern German Erdapfel (“potato”)), West Frisian ierappel (“potato”), Old English eorþæppel (“cucumber”) (rare modern English earthapple (“potato”)), Danish jordæble. Compare also French pomme de terre (“potato”), Luxembourgish Gromper (“potato”, literally “ground pear”), regional German Grundbirne (“ground pear”).
In the 16th and 17th centuries, used for various tubers and fruits that grow in or near the soil. Modern sense spread in the 18th century.


pigtail

One person […] continued constantly to ply him with the very best pig-tail tobacco, which he had most carefully cut in very small pieces purposely for him.

1828, JT Smith, Nollekens and His Times, Century Hutchinson, published 1986, page 265:


паприка

ru-noun+

па́прика • (páprika) f inan (genitive па́прики, nominative plural па́прики, genitive plural па́прик)

па́прика (canonical)
páprika (romanization)
па́прики (genitive)
па́прики (nominative plural)
па́прик (genitive plural)
па́прика (nominative singular)
па́прики (nominative plural)
па́прики (genitive singular)
па́прик (genitive plural)
па́прике (dative singular)
па́прикам (dative plural)
па́прику (accusative singular)
па́прики (accusative plural)
па́прикой (instrumental singular)
па́прикою (instrumental singular)
па́приками (instrumental plural)
па́прике (prepositional singular)
па́приках (plural prepositional)
па́прика (dated nominative singular)
па́прики (dated nominative plural)
па́прики (dated genitive singular)
па́прикъ (dated genitive plural)
па́прикѣ (dated dative singular)
па́прикамъ (dated dative plural)
па́прику (accusative dated singular)
па́прики (accusative dated plural)
па́прикой (dated instrumental singular)
па́прикою (dated instrumental singular)
па́приками (dated instrumental plural)
па́прикѣ (dated prepositional singular)
па́прикахъ (dated plural prepositional)

Probably borrowed from German Paprika, from Serbo-Croatian па̀прика, from па̏пар (“pepper”), from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper (“pepper”), from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). Doublet of пе́рец (pérec).


паприка

па̀прика (canonical feminine)
pàprika (romanization)
па̀прика (nominative singular)
паприке (nominative plural)
паприке (genitive singular)
па̏прӣка̄ (genitive plural)
паприци (dative singular)
паприкама (dative plural)
паприку (accusative singular)
паприке (accusative plural)
паприко (singular vocative)
паприке (plural vocative)
паприци (locative singular)
паприкама (locative plural)
паприком (instrumental singular)
паприкама (instrumental plural)

From па̏пар (“pepper”) + -ика, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper (“pepper”), from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).

af

па̏пар (“pepper”) + -ика

bell pepper, pepper, paprika (Capsicum fruit)


паприка

uk-noun

па́прика<sg>

па́прика • (pápryka) f inan (genitive па́прики, uncountable)

па́прика (canonical)
pápryka (romanization)
па́прики (genitive)
па́прика (nominative singular)
па́прики (genitive singular)
па́приці (dative singular)
па́прику (accusative singular)
па́прикою (instrumental singular)
па́приці (locative singular)
па́прико (singular vocative)

uk-ndecl

па́прика<sg>

Probably borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian па̀прика, from па̏пар (“pepper”), from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper (“pepper”), from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). Doublet of пе́рець (pérecʹ).


sweet pepper

en-noun

sweet pepper (countable and uncountable, plural sweet peppers)

(UK) The fruit of a nonspicy cultivar of pepper, Capsicum annuum, marketed in green-, red-, yellow- and orange-skinned varieties.


biber

bìber (canonical masculine)
бѝбер (Cyrillic)
biber (nominative singular)
bibera (genitive singular)
biberu (dative singular)
biber (accusative singular)
biberu (singular vocative)
biberu (locative singular)
biberom (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ببر (biber), from Greek πιπέρι, πιπεριά (pipéri, piperiá).

bor+

<i class="Latn mention" lang="tr">biber</i>

der

πιπέρι, πιπεριά