quarter

en-noun

quarter (countable and uncountable, plural quarters)

From Middle English quarter, from Anglo-Norman quarter, from Latin quartarius, from quartus. Compare Spanish cuarto (“room, quarters; quarter”). Doublet of quartier.

cog

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-quarter.wav

çerek

one of four equal parts — see also one-fourth

[A]t last she kicked right over the carriage pole and fell down, after giving me a severe blow on my near quarter.

[1877], Anna Sewell, “A Strike for Liberty”, in Black Beauty: […], London: Jarrold and Sons, […], →OCLC, part II, page 106:

(farriery) The part on either side of a horse's hoof between the toe and heel, the side of its coffin.

quartier

part on either side of a horse's hoof between toe and heel


bit

From Middle English bitte, bite, from Old English bita (“bit; fragment; morsel”) and bite (“a bite; cut”), from Proto-Germanic *bitô and *bitiz; both from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”). More at bite.
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian bit, Saterland Frisian Bit, Dutch bit, German Low German Beet, Biet, German Biss and Bissen, Danish bid, Swedish bit, Icelandic biti.

der

I trusted to the Lord to be with me; and at one of our trips to St. Eustatia, a Dutch island, I bought a glass tumbler with my half bit, and when I came to Montserrat I sold it for a bit, or sixpence.

1789, Olaudah Equiano, chapter 6, in The Interesting Narrative, volume I:

Applied to a various small units of currency and coins.

(historical) A unit of currency and coin of the British West Indies worth six black dogs, originally equal to one-eighth of a Spanish dollar but later increasingly debased to one tenth, one eleventh, one twelfth, etc.

(historical) A unit of currency of the Dutch West Indies in the early 20th century, worth one fifth of a cent.


fire

en-verb

fire (third-person singular simple present fires, present participle firing, simple past and past participle fired)

fires (present singular third-person)
firing (participle present)
fired (participle past)
fired (past)
fire (infinitive)

From Middle English firen, fyren, furen, from Old English fȳrian (“to make a fire”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with Old Frisian fioria (“to light a fire”), Saterland Frisian fjuurje (“to fire”), Middle Dutch vûren, vueren, vieren (“to set fire”), Dutch vuren (“to fire, shoot”), Old High German fiuren (“to ignite, set on fire”), German feuern (“to fire”).

udløse

computer sciences, software engineering: to initiate an event


swell

en-noun

swell (countable and uncountable, plural swells)

From Middle English swelle, from the verb swellen (modern swell).

kivimbe

music: device for controlling the volume of a pipe organ

The front brow of a saddle bow, connected in the tree by the two saddle bars to the cantle on the other end.


ball

ball (countable and uncountable, plural balls)

→ Cantonese: 波 (bo¹)

→ Japanese: ボール (bōru)

→ Makah: ba·la

→ Yoruba: bọ́ọ̀lù

From Middle English bal, ball, balle, from an unattested Old English *beall, *bealla (“round object, ball”) or Old Norse bǫllr (“a ball”), both from Proto-Germanic *balluz, *ballô (“ball”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰol-n- (“ball, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, inflate, swell”). Cognate with Old Saxon ball, Dutch bal, Old High German bal, ballo (German Ball (“ball”); Ballen (“bale”)). Related forms in Romance are borrowings from Germanic. See also balloon, bale.

ампыл

object, generally spherical, used for playing games

туп

ballistics: a solid nonexplosive missile

cold enough to freeze the balls off a brass monkey

The laxative alterative has not this advantage, the aloes, of which it is composed, being extremely bitter, and therefore requiring to be given in the form of a ball.

1842, James White, A compendium of the veterinary art:

(farriery, historical) A large pill, a form in which medicine was given to horses; a bolus.


base

English: base

Scots: base

Borrowed from Old French base, from Latin basis, from Ancient Greek βᾰ́σῐς (bắsĭs), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémtis.

The foundation, base, or bottom of a column, statue, or vase.

(rare) Padding inserted below a horse's bridle.

(rare, alchemy) The mix of metals used as a base for alchemical operations.


sal

salen (definite singular)
saler (indefinite plural)
salene (definite plural)

a large room in which parties and meetings and similar are held; a hall.


sal

salen (definite singular)
salar (indefinite plural)
salane (definite plural)

From Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *saliz.

a large room in which parties and meetings and similar are held; a hall


rein

From Middle English rein, reyne, from Anglo-Norman reyne, resne, from Early Medieval Latin retina, ultimately from Classical Latin retineō (“hold back”), from re- + teneō (“keep, hold”). Compare modern French rêne.
Displaced native Old English brīdel (“bridle, rein”), Old English wealdleþer, ġewealdleþer (“rein, bridle”, literally “control strap”), Old English sāl (“cord, rein”), Old English tyġel (“rein”), and Old English lādtēah, lāttēh (“leash, rein”).

A strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit, used to control a horse, animal or young child.

The government is attempting to keep a rein on rising prices.

Let their eyes rove without rein.

1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

(figurative) An instrument or means of curbing, restraining, or governing.


rein

From Anglo-Norman reines, Middle French reins, and their source, Latin rēnēs. Doublet of ren.

My reins rejoice, when thy lips speak right things.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Proverbs 23:16:

I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 2:23:

The inward impulses; the affections and passions, formerly supposed to be located in the area of the kidneys.


轡

Compound of 口 (kutsu, “mouth”, apophonic form of 口(くち) (kuchi)) + 環 (wa, “ring”)


鐙

鐙 (canonical)
abumi (romanization)
あぶみ (hiragana historical)

足(あ) (a, “foot”) + 踏(ふ)み (fumi, continuative form of 踏(ふ)む (fumu, “to step on”)). The fumi changes to bumi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

1904, 河口慧海, チベット旅行記, 青空文庫:

低い椽に腰を掛けたような具合にごく鐙の紐を短くして足を折って乗って居る。

Hikui en ni koshi o kaketa yō na guai ni goku abumi no himo o mijikaku shite ashi o otte notte iru.

They ride with their stirrup straps very short and with their legs bent, in a manner like that of sitting on a low en.


fork

Sranan Tongo: forku

→ Dutch: fork

→ Japanese: フォーク (fōku)

→ Kannada: ಫೋರ್ಕ್ (phōrk)

→ Korean: 포크 (pokeu)

→ Maori: paoka

→ Tamil: போர்க் (pōrk)

→ Telugu: ఫోర్క్ (phōrk)

From Middle English forke (“digging fork”), from Old English force, forca (“forked instrument used to torture”), from Proto-West Germanic *furkō (“fork”), from Latin furca (“pitchfork, forked stake; gallows, beam, stake, support post, yoke”), of uncertain origin. The Middle English word was later reinforced by Anglo-Norman, Old Northern French forque (= Old French forche whence French fourche), also from the Latin. Cognate also with North Frisian forck (“fork”), Dutch vork (“fork”), Danish fork (“fork”), German Forke (“pitchfork”). Displaced native gafol, ġeafel, ġeafle (“fork”), from Old English.
In its primary sense of “fork”, Latin furca appears to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerk(ʷ)-, *ǵʰerg(ʷ)- (“fork”), although the development of the -c- is difficult to explain. In other senses this derivation is unlikely. For these, perhaps it is connected to Proto-Germanic *furkaz, *firkalaz (“stake, stick, pole, post”), from Proto-Indo-European *perg- (“pole, post”). If so, this would relate the word to Old English forclas pl (“bolt”), Old Saxon ferkal (“lock, bolt, bar”), Old Norse forkr (“pole, staff, stick”), Norwegian fork (“stick, bat”), Swedish fork (“pole”).

tienhaara

figurative: point in time of making a decision

afsplitsing

computer science: splitting of a process

odnož

computer science: copying and separately developing a project

bifurcació

computer science: a separately developed project based upon a copy of an existing project

a three-prong spear somewhat resembling a pitchfork

The upper front brow of a saddle bow, connected in the tree by the two saddle bars to the cantle on the other end.


bar

en-noun

bar (countable and uncountable, plural bars)

→ Albanian: bar m

→ Arabic: بَار m (bār)

→ Armenian: բար (bar)

→ Bulgarian: бар (bar)

→ Burmese: ဘား (bha:)

→ Chichewa: bála

→ Cantonese: 吧 (baa¹)

→ Czech: bar m

→ Danish: bar c

→ Dutch: bar m

→ Esperanto: baro

→ Estonian: baar

→ French: bar m
→ Romanian: bar

→ Galician: bar m

→ Georgian: ბარი (bari)

→ German: Bar f

→ Greek: μπαρ n (bar)

→ Gulf Arabic: بار (bār)

→ Hebrew: בָּר (bar), בָּאר (bár)

→ Hungarian: bár (also via German)

→ Icelandic: bar m

→ Irish: beár m

→ Italian: bar m

→ Japanese: バー (bā)

→ Khmer: បារ (baa)

→ Korean: 바 (ba)

→ Lithuanian: bãras m

→ Macedonian: бар m (bar)

→ Malagasy: ba

→ Mandarin: 吧 (bā)

→ Norwegian:

Bokmål: bar m

Nynorsk: bar m

→ Persian: بار (bâr)

→ Polish: bar m

→ Portuguese: bar m

→ Russian: бар m (bar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ба̑р m, bȃr m

→ Slovene: bȃr m

→ Spanish: bar m

→ Swahili: baa

→ Swedish: bar c (see there for further descendants)

→ Thai: บาร์ (baa)

→ Turkish: bar

→ Xhosa: íbhári

→ Zulu: ibha

From Middle English barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Doublet of barre.

der

(farriery) The part of the crust of a horse's hoof which is bent inwards towards the frog at the heel on each side, and extends into the centre of the sole.

(farriery, in the plural) The space between the tusks and grinders in the upper jaw of a horse, in which the bit is placed.


pale

pale (nominative singular)
palkeet (nominative plural)
palkeen (genitive singular)
palkein (genitive plural)
paletta (partitive singular)
palkeita (partitive plural)
palkeesse (illative singular)
palkeisse (illative plural)
palkees (inessive singular)
palkeis (inessive plural)
palkeest (elative singular)
palkeist (elative plural)
palkeelle (allative singular)
palkeille (allative plural)
palkeel (adessive singular)
palkeil (adessive plural)
palkeelt (ablative singular)
palkeilt (ablative plural)
palkeeks (singular translative)
palkeiks (plural translative)
palkeenna (essive singular)
palkeen (essive singular)
palkeinna (essive plural)
palkein (essive plural)
palkeent (exessive singular)
palkeint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *palgëh. Cognates include Finnish palje and Estonian pale.

padding at the bottom of a horse's stirrup


stratum

la-noun

strātum n (genitive strātī); second declension

strātum (canonical neuter)
strātī (genitive)
strātum (nominative singular)
strāta (nominative plural)
strātī (genitive singular)
strātōrum (genitive plural)
strātō (dative singular)
strātīs (dative plural)
strātum (accusative singular)
strāta (accusative plural)
strātō (ablative singular)
strātīs (ablative plural)
strātum (singular vocative)
strāta (plural vocative)

Catalan: estrat

→ Dutch: stratum

→ English: stratum

→ Welsh: stratwm

French: strate

Friulian: strât

Galician: estrado

Italian: strato

Occitan: estrat

Piedmontese: strat

Portuguese: estrado

Romanian: strat

Spanish: estrado

→ French: estrade

→ English: estrade

desc

→ Welsh: gwastrawd (“groom, stablekeeper”)

[ˈs̠t̪räːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]

From strātus, perfect passive participle of sternō (“spread”).


mos

Inherited from Latin morsus (“a bite”), from mordeō (“bite”).


bride

→ Portuguese: brida

Inherited from Middle French bride, from Old French bride (“rein, bridle”), from Middle High German brīdel (“rein, bridle”), from Old High German brīdil (“rein, bridle”) (compare also Old High German brittil (“rein, strap”), French bretelle), from Proto-West Germanic *brigdil (“bridle”).
Compare Spanish brida, Italian briglia. More at bridle.

der

à cheval donné on ne regarde pas la bride


trace

From Middle English trace, traas, from Old French trace (“an outline, track, trace”), from the verb (see below).

An enquiry sent out for a missing article, such as a letter or an express package.

printed circuit board
printed circuit board

(electronics) A current-carrying conductive pathway on a printed circuit board.

لِوْحَة دَارَاتُ مَطَبُوعَة

(electronics) electric current-carrying conductive pathway

(geometry) The intersection of a plane of projection, or an original plane, with a coordinate plane.


rauta

rauta (nominative singular)
ravvat (nominative plural)
ravvan (genitive singular)
rautoin (genitive plural)
rautaa (partitive singular)
rautoja (partitive plural)
rautaa (illative singular)
rautoi (illative plural)
ravvaas (inessive singular)
ravvois (inessive plural)
ravvast (elative singular)
ravvoist (elative plural)
ravvalle (allative singular)
ravvoille (allative plural)
ravvaal (adessive singular)
ravvoil (adessive plural)
ravvalt (ablative singular)
ravvoilt (ablative plural)
ravvaks (singular translative)
ravvoiks (plural translative)
rautanna (essive singular)
rautaan (essive singular)
rautoinna (essive plural)
rautoin (essive plural)
rautant (exessive singular)
rautoint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *rauta. Cognates include Finnish rauta and Estonian raud.

sappaan rauta


murex

la-noun

mūrex m (genitive mūricis); third declension

mūrex (canonical masculine)
mūricis (genitive)
mūrex (nominative singular)
mūricēs (nominative plural)
mūricis (genitive singular)
mūricum (genitive plural)
mūricī (dative singular)
mūricibus (dative plural)
mūricem (accusative singular)
mūricēs (accusative plural)
mūrice (ablative singular)
mūricibus (ablative plural)
mūrex (singular vocative)
mūricēs (plural vocative)

English: muriciform, muricite, muricoid

Irish: maorach

Catalan: múrex

Italian: murice

Portuguese: múrice

Spanish: múrice

Translingual: Murex

Uncertain. Perhaps a derivative of mūs (“mouse”), whence mūsculus (“a saltwater mussel”). Alternatively, together with Ancient Greek μύαξ (múax, “sea mussel”) borrowed from a Mediterranean substrate language.

A sharp murex shell used as a bridle bit.


girth

en-noun

girth (countable and uncountable, plural girths)

From Middle English girth, gerth, gyrth, from Old Norse gjǫrð, from Proto-Germanic *gerdō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- (“to encircle, enclose; belt”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰 (gairda), Icelandic gjörð. Also related to German Gurt, English gird, Albanian ngërthej (“to tie, bind, fasten”).

cog

He was standing on the offside of his horse, holding up the flap of his saddle, with the surcingle loosened, and was pointing to the girths. Close to their attachment to the saddle they had been almost cut through with a knife.

1929, Baldwyn Dyke Acland, chapter 8, in Filibuster:

A band passed under the belly of an animal, which holds a saddle or a harness saddle in place.

palldëm

A band or strap passed under an animal to hold a saddle in place


quitter

From Middle English quitter, from Anglo-Norman quiture, quyture et al., specialised use of quiture (“burn mark, burning”), from the participle stem of cuire (“to cook”), or from Latin coctura (“cooking”).

(farriery) Alternative spelling of quittor (“fistulous wound at the top of a horse's foot”)


beak

en-noun

beak (countable and uncountable, plural beaks)

From Middle English bec, borrowed from Anglo-Norman bec, Old French bec, from Latin beccus, from Gaulish *bekkos, from Proto-Celtic *bekkos (“beak, snout”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bak-, *baḱ- (“pointed stick, peg”). Cognate with Breton beg (“beak”). Compare Saterland Frisian Bäk (“mouth; muzzle; beak”); Dutch bek (“beak; bill; neb”).


charge

en-noun

charge (countable and uncountable, plural charges)

From Middle English chargen, from Old French chargier, from Late Latin carricō (“to load”), from Latin carrus (“a car, wagon”); see car. Doublet of cargo.

(farriery) A sort of plaster or ointment.


bard

bard (nominative singular)
bardad (nominative plural)
bardan (accusative singular)
bardad (accusative plural)
bardan (genitive singular)
bardoiden (genitive plural)
bardad (partitive singular)
bardoid (partitive plural)
bardan (essive-instructive singular)
bardoin (essive-instructive plural)
bardaks (singular translative)
bardoikš (plural translative)
bardas (inessive singular)
bardoiš (inessive plural)
bardaspäi (elative singular)
bardoišpäi (elative plural)
bardaha (illative singular)
bardoihe (illative plural)
bardal (adessive singular)
bardoil (adessive plural)
bardalpäi (ablative singular)
bardoilpäi (ablative plural)
bardale (allative singular)
bardoile (allative plural)
bardata (abessive singular)
bardoita (abessive plural)
bardanke (comitative singular)
bardoidenke (comitative plural)
bardadme (prolative singular)
bardoidme (plural prolative)
bardanno (approximative approximative-i singular)
bardoidenno (approximative approximative-i plural)
bardannoks (approximative approximative-ii singular)
bardoidennoks (approximative approximative-ii plural)
bardannopäi (egressive singular)
bardoidennopäi (egressive plural)
bardahasai (singular terminative terminative-i)
bardoihesai (plural terminative terminative-i)
bardalesai (singular terminative terminative-ii)
bardoilesai (plural terminative terminative-ii)
bardassai (singular terminative terminative-iii)
bardahapäi (additive additive-i singular)
bardoihepäi (additive additive-i plural)
bardalepäi (additive additive-ii singular)
bardoilepäi (additive additive-ii plural)

From Proto-Finnic *parta, borrowed from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bardā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂.


barb

PIE word
 *bʰardʰéh₂
From Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.

der

(US) The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States.


poitrinal

The Poitrinal, Pectoral, or Breast Plate was formed of plates of metal rivetted together, which covered the breast and shoulders of the horse, it was commonly adorned with foliage, or other ornaments engraved or embossed.

1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 30:

Synonym of poitrel (“chest-armor for a horse”)


panel

English: panel, pannel

Scots: panel

From Old French panel, from pan, from Latin pannus; equivalent to pane + -el (diminutive suffix).

(rare) A pane or slab of a transparent material.


cinch

en-verb

cinch (third-person singular simple present cinches, present participle cinching, simple past and past participle cinched)

cinches (present singular third-person)
cinching (participle present)
cinched (participle past)
cinched (past)

Borrowed from Occitan cencha, from Latin cincta, or from Spanish cincha (“a belt or girth”), from Late Latin cingula, from Latin cingulum. Doublet of cingle.

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-cinch.wav

[Ostriches] also lack the tiny hooks, or barbicels, that cinch feathers together in most other birds.

2020 August 4, Richard Conniff, “They may look goofy, but ostriches are nobody’s fool”, in National Geographic Magazine:


eyer

head

eyer (definite accusative eyeri, plural eyerler)

eyeri (accusative definite)
eyerler (plural)
eyer (nominative singular)
eyerler (nominative plural)
eyeri (accusative definite singular)
eyerleri (accusative definite plural)
eyere (dative singular)
eyerlere (dative plural)
eyerde (locative singular)
eyerlerde (locative plural)
eyerden (ablative singular)
eyerlerden (ablative plural)
eyerin (genitive singular)
eyerlerin (genitive plural)
eyerim (first-person nominative singular)
eyerlerim (first-person nominative singular)
eyerin (nominative second-person singular)
eyerlerin (nominative second-person singular)
eyeri (nominative singular third-person)
eyerleri (nominative singular third-person)
eyerimiz (first-person nominative plural)
eyerlerimiz (first-person nominative plural)
eyeriniz (nominative plural second-person)
eyerleriniz (nominative plural second-person)
eyerleri (nominative plural third-person)
eyerimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
eyerlerimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
eyerini (accusative definite second-person singular)
eyerlerini (accusative definite second-person singular)
eyerini (accusative definite singular third-person)
eyerlerini (accusative definite singular third-person)
eyerimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
eyerlerimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
eyerinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
eyerlerinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
eyerlerini (accusative definite plural third-person)
eyerime (dative first-person singular)
eyerlerime (dative first-person singular)
eyerine (dative second-person singular)
eyerlerine (dative second-person singular)
eyerine (dative singular third-person)
eyerlerine (dative singular third-person)
eyerimize (dative first-person plural)
eyerlerimize (dative first-person plural)
eyerinize (dative plural second-person)
eyerlerinize (dative plural second-person)
eyerlerine (dative plural third-person)
eyerimde (first-person locative singular)
eyerlerimde (first-person locative singular)
eyerinde (locative second-person singular)
eyerlerinde (locative second-person singular)
eyerinde (locative singular third-person)
eyerlerinde (locative singular third-person)
eyerimizde (first-person locative plural)
eyerlerimizde (first-person locative plural)
eyerinizde (locative plural second-person)
eyerlerinizde (locative plural second-person)
eyerlerinde (locative plural third-person)
eyerimden (ablative first-person singular)
eyerlerimden (ablative first-person singular)
eyerinden (ablative second-person singular)
eyerlerinden (ablative second-person singular)
eyerinden (ablative singular third-person)
eyerlerinden (ablative singular third-person)
eyerimizden (ablative first-person plural)
eyerlerimizden (ablative first-person plural)
eyerinizden (ablative plural second-person)
eyerlerinizden (ablative plural second-person)
eyerlerinden (ablative plural third-person)
eyerimin (first-person genitive singular)
eyerlerimin (first-person genitive singular)
eyerinin (genitive second-person singular)
eyerlerinin (genitive second-person singular)
eyerinin (genitive singular third-person)
eyerlerinin (genitive singular third-person)
eyerimizin (first-person genitive plural)
eyerlerimizin (first-person genitive plural)
eyerinizin (genitive plural second-person)
eyerlerinizin (genitive plural second-person)
eyerlerinin (genitive plural third-person)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ایر or اگر (eyer), from Proto-Turkic *ēder.
Cognates
Azerbaijani yəhər
Bashkir эйәр (eyər)
Chuvash йӗнер (jĕner)
Crimean Tatar eger
Gagauz ер
Karachay-Balkar иер (iyer)
Karaim эр
Karakhanid اَذَرْ (eδer)
Kazakh ер (er)
Khakas изер (izer)
Kumyk ер (yer)
Kyrgyz ээр (eer)
Nogai иер (iyer)
Shor эзер
Southern Altai ээр (eer)
Tatar ияр (iyar), iyär
Tofa ээ
Turkmen eýer
Tuvan эзер (ezer)
Uyghur ئىگەر (iger)
Uzbek egar
Yakut ыҥыыр (ıñıır)

cog

Yakut ыҥыыр (ıñıır)

col

Azerbaijani <i class="Latn mention" lang="az">yəhər</i>

Bashkir <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ba">эйәр</i> (eyər)

Crimean Tatar <i class="Latn mention" lang="crh">eger</i>

Gagauz <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="gag">ер</i>

Chuvash <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="cv">йӗнер</i> (jĕner)

Karachay-Balkar <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="krc">иер</i> (iyer)

Karaim <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kdr">эр</i>

Karakhanid <i class="Arab mention" lang="xqa">اَذَرْ</i> (eδer)

Kazakh <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kk">ер</i> (er)

Khakas <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kjh">изер</i> (izer)

Kumyk <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kum">ер</i> (yer)

Kyrgyz <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ky">ээр</i> (eer)

Nogai <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="nog">иер</i> (iyer)

Shor <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="cjs">эзер</i>

Southern Altai <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="alt">ээр</i> (eer)

Tuvan <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="tyv">эзер</i> (ezer)

Tofa <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kim">ээ</i>

Turkmen <i class="Latn mention" lang="tk">eýer</i>

Uyghur <i class="Arab ug-Arab mention" lang="ug">ئىگەر</i> (iger)

Uzbek <i class="Latn mention" lang="uz">egar</i>

Yakut <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="sah">ыҥыыр</i> (ıñıır)


spavin

en-noun

spavin (countable and uncountable, plural spavins)

The noun is derived from Middle English spavein, spaveine (“swelling on horse’s leg causing lameness; disease causing lameness in horses”), from Old French espavain, a variant of esparvain, esprevain, esprevin (modern French éparvin, épervin). The further etymology is unknown; one suggestion is that it is from Frankish *sparwan (“sparrow”), though this is seen as quite tenuous.
The verb is derived from the noun.

[H]is horſe hip'd vvith an olde mothy ſaddle, and ſtirrops of no kindred: beſides poſſeſt vvith the glanders, and like to moſe in the chine, troubled vvith the Lampaſſe, infected vvith the faſhions, full of VVindegalls, ſped vvith Spauins, raied vvith the Yellovvs, […]

c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 219, column 1:

Of ſpauens, there be tvvo kindes, the bone Spauen and the blood: for the bone Spauen, you ſhall dreſſe it in all things like the ſplent, and it vvil heale it. For the bloud ſpauen you ſhall take vp the veane, and vvhen it hath bled vve pull out the bladder vvhich holdes the ſpauen, and ſtop the vvound vvith Sage and ſalt, and it vvill heale it.

1607, Gervase Markham, “Of Spauens”, in Cauelarice, or The English Horseman: […], London: […] [Edward Allde and W[illiam] Jaggard] for Edward White, […], →OCLC, 7th book, page 78:

Doubtleſſe a Spauen is an euil ſorance, and cauſeth a horſe to haule principally in the beginning of his griefe, it appeareth on the hinder Legges vvithin, and againſt the ioynt, and it vvill bee a little ſvvolne, and ſome horſes haue a thorough Spauen, vvhich appeareth both vvithin and vvithout. Of the Spauen there are tvvo kindes, the one hard the other ſoft: That is: bone-Spauen, and a blood-Spauen, […] Caſt the horſe and vvith a hot yron ſlitte the fleſh that couereth the Spauen, and then lay vpon the Spauen, Cantharides and Euforbium boyled together in oile de Bay, […]

1607, Conradus Gesnerus [i.e., Conrad Gessner], Edward Topsell, “Of the Horsse. [Of the Spauen, both Bone and Blood.]”, in The Historie of Foure-footed Beastes. […], London: […] William Iaggard, →OCLC, page 407:

Mr. Field had seen the same horses brought to his forge from day to day, and year to year, with large spavins, yet continuing perfectly sound.

1829 November 19, “Veterinary Medical Society, 21st Oct. 1829. Discussion on Mr. W. Percivall’s Paper on Soundness.”, in [William] Percivall, [William] Youatt, editors, The Veterinarian, volume II, number 24, London: […] Compton and Ritchie, […] [for] Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, & Green, […], published December 1829, →OCLC, page 509:

(countable) A bony swelling which develops in a horse's leg where the shank and splint bone meet, caused by inflammation of the cartilage connecting those bones; also, a similar swelling caused by inflammation of the hock bones.

[N]ovv the Bots, the Spauin, and the Glanders, and ſome doſen diſeaſes more, light on him, & his Moyles.

1601, Ben Jonson, Poetaster or The Arraignment: […], London: […] [R. Bradock] for M[atthew] L[ownes] […], published 1602, →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, signature B2, verso:

(uncountable) A disease of horses caused by this bony swelling (sense 1.1).


spavin

en-verb

spavin (third-person singular simple present spavins, present participle spavining, simple past and past participle spavined)

spavins (present singular third-person)
spavining (participle present)
spavined (participle past)
spavined (past)

Mr. Lythe had seen many horses which Mr. Field had passed as sound although they were spavined; and he does not recollect a single instance of lameness among them.

The witches that dance on the Brocken on Valpurgis Eve would be spoken of in a different spirit from the village hag who spavins the horse and curdles the milk.

1867, John Hill Burton, “Heathendom”, in The History of Scotland from Agricola’s Invasion to the Revolution of 1688, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, page 224:

And oh! Onesiphorus, the old brown mare / Is spavining for love, as also we; […]

1884 February 23, “Astray from San Rafael” [pseudonym], “Dudetic Leap Year”, in The Wasp, volume XII, number 8, San Francisco, Calif.: E[dward] C[reamor] Macfarlane & Co., →OCLC, stanza 4, page 11, column 1:

The plaintiff introduced evidence tending to prove that the horse was spavined, and that Kuntzman had warranted the soundness of the horse. The fourth exception on the part of the defendant and the plaintiff in error was to the rejection of the evidence that the horse was not spavined while in Weaver's stable, some two months after the sale.

1886, A[braham] C[lark] Freeman, “Kuntzman v. Weaver”, in The American Decisions […], volume LIX, San Francisco, Calif.: Bancroft-Whitney Co. […], →OCLC, page 740:

In order to obviate the straining, spavining, and weakness of back, to which horses are subject, caused by the effort of starting heavy cars, Mr. Henry P. Holt designed a tramcar starting gear, patented in May, 1879, […]

1894, D[aniel] Kinnear Clark, “Resistance to Traction on Tramways”, in Tramways: Their Construction and Working […], 2nd edition, London: Crosby Lockwood and Son […], →OCLC, page 402:

(farriery, veterinary medicine) To cause (a horse or its leg) to have spavin (noun sense 1.2).

aiheuttaa kinnerpatti

to cause (a horse or its leg) to have spavin


arrest

en-noun

arrest (countable and uncountable, plural arrests)

From Middle English arest (noun) and aresten (verb), from Old French areste (noun) and arester (“to stay, stop”, verb), from Vulgar Latin *arrestō, from Latin ad- (“to”) + restō (“to stop, remain behind, stay back”), from re- (“back”) + stō (“to stand”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”), equivalent to ad- + rest. Compare French arrêter (“to stop”).

der

(farriery) A scurfiness of the back part of the hind leg of a horse


brace

English: brace

Scots: brace

From Old French brace, from Latin bracchia, plural of bracchium.

(rare) A kind of riding equipment or horse tack.


curb

From Middle French courbe (“curve, curved object”), from Latin curvus (“bent, crooked, curved”). Doublet of curve.

He that before ran in the pastures wild / Felt the stiff curb controul his angry jaws.

1605, Michael Drayton, The Fourth Eclogue:

Captain went out in the cab all the morning. Harry came in after school to feed me and give me water. In the afternoon I was put into the cab. Jerry took as much pains to see if the collar and bridle fitted comfortably, as if he had been John Manly over again. When the crupper was let out a hole or two, it all fitted well. There was no bearing rein—no curb—nothing but a plain ring snaffle. What a blessing that was!

[1877], Anna Sewell, “A London Cab Horse”, in Black Beauty: […], London: Jarrold and Sons, […], →OCLC, part III, page 158:

A riding or driving bit for a horse that has rein action which amplifies the pressure in the mouth by leverage advantage placing pressure on the poll via the crown piece of the bridle and chin groove via a curb chain.


habena

la-noun

habēna f (genitive habēnae); first declension

habēna (canonical feminine)
habēnae (genitive)
habēna (nominative singular)
habēnae (nominative plural)
habēnae (genitive singular)
habēnārum (genitive plural)
habēnae (dative singular)
habēnīs (dative plural)
habēnam (accusative singular)
habēnās (accusative plural)
habēnā (ablative singular)
habēnīs (ablative plural)
habēna (singular vocative)
habēnae (plural vocative)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *aβuɨn (see there for further descendants)

… Rēgemque dedit quī foedere certō

And [Jupiter] gave [the winds] a king who by chartered agreement would know how to restrain as well as to give loosened reins [to them], [the king] having been commanded [to do so].
(Jupiter commands King Aeolus who metaphorically can harness the winds much as a charioteer drives horses. See Aeolus (son of Hippotes).)

et premere et laxās scīret dare iussus habēnās.

Hīc rēgum sceptrum dominus tenet

524 CE, Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy 4.1m

Here the lord of kings holds his sceptre, and controls the reins of the world


shank

From Middle English schanke, from Old English sċanca (“leg”), from Proto-West Germanic *skankō, from Proto-Germanic *skankô (compare West Frisian skonk, Low German Schanke, German Schenkel (“shank, leg”), Danish skank, Norwegian skank, Swedish skänkel), from *skankaz (compare Old Norse skakkr (“wry, crooked”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng- (compare Middle Irish scingim (“I spring”), Ancient Greek σκάζω (skázō, “to limp”).

The metal part on a curb bit that falls below the mouthpiece, which length controls the severity of the leverage action of the bit, and to which the reins of the bridle are attached.

The end or remainder, particularly of a period of time.

the shank of the morning

AMANDA: Going now? You're joking! Why, it's only the shank of the evening, Mr. O’Connor!

1945, Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie, page 92:

The main part or beginning of a period of time.


retina

retina f (genitive retinae); first declension

retinae (genitive)
retina (nominative singular)
retinae (nominative plural)
retinae (genitive singular)
retinārum (genitive plural)
retinae (dative singular)
retinīs (dative plural)
retinam (accusative singular)
retinās (accusative plural)
retinā (ablative singular)
retinīs (ablative plural)
retina (singular vocative)
retinae (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Old Italian: redina (plural redine)

⇒ Italian: redine (new singular)

Tuscan: redola (Lucca)

Neapolitan: rétena

Sicilian: rètina

→ Byzantine Greek: ρέτενα (rétena)

North Italian: (sometimes blended with briglia)

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: redna

Ligurian: rédena

Lombard: rèdena, redna

Piedmontese: rëdna, rënna

Ladin: remni (pl.) ⇒ breni

Friulian: rèdine ⇒ brene

Romansch: regna

Venetan: redena ⇒ brena

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: resne, redne (archaic), reyne, raine, raigne, raisne, reine, resine, renne
French: rêne
→ English: rein

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: regna

Occitan: retna

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: redẽa

Galician: rédea

Portuguese: rédea

Old Spanish: rienda

Spanish: rienda
→? Galician: renda
→ Tagalog: renda

Generally explained as a deverbal of retineō (“hold back”). Alternatively, derived from retinācula ("reins" - far more common than the singular retināculum), reinterpreted as a feminine diminutive and back-formed into retina. Attested in the Glossarium Ansileubi, which was written between 650 and 800 CE.

Apprehensaque equi Retina, celeriter eum Beneventum ducebat

10th century, anonymous, Chronicon Salernitanum 68, (example from DuCange)

Having seized the horse's rein(s), he quickly rode it to Benevento.

rein (strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit, used to control an animal)


pommel

From Middle English pomel, from Old French pomel and Medieval Latin pomellum, pumellum, presumedly via Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”), the diminutive of Late Latin pōmum (“apple”). Compare French pommeau and Spanish pomo.

The player, armed with a pommel, stands from two to three feet from the spell, places a knur in the cup which is held down by the rack.

1871, Edmund Routledge, Routledge's Every Boy's Annual:

The commonest method of playing the game, by the smaller boys of the village, was with a "sendstick," or pommel, and a wooden spell with a hole in one end to place the knur, which, when struck "tip-cat" like at the other end, threw the knur up to be struck at.

1886, William Smith, Morley: Ancient and Modern:

Next, the spring of the spell, at the end of which is a small brass cup to hold the knur, is adjusted by thumbscrews, so that when released by a touch of the pommel on the trigger, it will toss the knur a distance of six feet forward.

1911, The Encyclopaedia of sport & games, volume 3:

(sports, obsolete) The bat used in the game of knurr and spell or trap ball.


twitch

en-noun

twitch (countable and uncountable, plural twitches)

From Middle English twicchen, from Old English *twiċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *twikkijan (“to nail, pin, fasten, clasp, pinch”).
Cognate with English tweak, Low German twikken, German Low German twicken (“to pinch, pinch off”), zweckōn and gizwickan (> German zwicken (“to pinch”)).

cog

THE TWITCH is a short stick of strong ash, about the size of a mopstick, with a hole pierced near the end, through which is passed a piece of strong but small cord, and tied in a loop large enough to admit the open hand freely.

1861, John Henry Walsh, The Horse in the Stable and in the Field:

(farriery) A stick with a hole in one end through which passes a loop, which can be drawn tightly over the upper lip or an ear of a horse and twisted to keep the animal quiet during minor surgery.


lunette

Unadapted borrowing from French lunette, diminutive of lune (“moon”).

(farriery) A half horseshoe, lacking the sponge.


bridle

From Middle English bridel, from Old English brīdel, from Proto-West Germanic *brigdil, from Proto-Germanic *brigdilaz (“strap, rein”), equivalent to braid + -le.

inh

A piece in the interior of a gunlock which holds in place the tumbler, sear, etc.


stapes

la-noun

stapēs m (genitive stapedis); third declension

stapēs (canonical masculine)
stapedis (genitive)
stapēs (nominative singular)
stapedēs (nominative plural)
stapedis (genitive singular)
stapedum (genitive plural)
stapedī (dative singular)
stapedibus (dative plural)
stapedem (accusative singular)
stapedēs (accusative plural)
stapede (ablative singular)
stapedibus (ablative plural)
stapēs (singular vocative)
stapedēs (plural vocative)

→ English: stapes

→ French: stapes

→ Spanish: estápede

From a Germanic source, possibly Frankish *stap or Old High German stapf, staph (“step, stirrup”), both from Proto-Germanic *stapiz (“a step, rung (of a ladder)”). More at step.
Alternatively: Late Latin; possibly from stō (“to stand”) + pēs (“foot”).

der

[…]quīdam duōs stapedēs et trēs cingulās ūnā cum sella annumerant, aliī hīs singulīs pretium lēgitimum assignant, id est, stapedibus aurātīs

(Can we date this quote?), Dē Tribus Columnīs Jūris Secundum Powissiensēs, volume 2, 16. Dē Pretiīs Rērum:

[…] some two stirrups and three belts with a chair are paid out, all assigned a single worth, that is, golden stirrups


cantle

From Middle English cantle, cantel, from Old Northern French cantel, Old French chantel (Modern French chanteau, Bourguignon chainteâ), from Medieval Latin cantellus, diminutive of Latin cantus (“corner”). Compare cant (Etymology 3).

See how this river comes me cranking in, / And cuts me from the best of all my land / A huge half-moon, a monstrous cantle out.

Their armors forged were of metal frail; / On every side thereof huge cantles flies; / The land was strewed all with plate and mail, / That on the earth, on that their warm blood lies.

1600, Edward Fairfax (tr.), The Jerusalem Delivered of Tasso, Book VI, xlviii

In one cantle of his law.

1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book:

(obsolete) A splinter, slice, or sliver broken off something.


saddle

en-verb

saddle (third-person singular simple present saddles, present participle saddling, simple past and past participle saddled)

saddles (present singular third-person)
saddling (participle present)
saddled (participle past)
saddled (past)
saddle (infinitive)

From Middle English sadelen (“to put a saddle on (an animal), to saddle”) [and other forms], from Old English sadolian, sadelian, sadilian (“to saddle”), from Proto-Germanic *sadulōną (“to saddle”), from *sadulaz (“a saddle”, noun) (see further at etymology 1) + *-ōną (suffix forming denominative verbs from nouns).
Cognates
* Middle Dutch sādelen (modern Dutch zadelen)
* Middle Low German sādelen
* Old Danish sathlæ (modern Danish sadle)
* Old High German satalōn, satulōn (Middle High German satelen, sateln, German satteln)
* Old Norse sǫðla
* Old Swedish saþla (modern Swedish sadla)

nb...

(Late Middle English) saddull, sadylle, (Middle English) saddil, saddull, saddyll, sadel, sadele, sadil, sadille, sadillen, sadle, sadlen, sadul, sadulle, sadyl, sadyll, (Early Middle English) sadeli (West Midlands), sadelie (West Midlands), sadelien

nshiuedz

(transitive) to put a saddle on (an animal)

kiinnittää

to put (something) on to another thing like a saddle on an animal

satuloida

(intransitive) to put a saddle on an animal

Next day, while we were saddling, Ali and Abd el Kader appeared.

1922 (date written; published 1926), T[homas] E[dward] Lawrence, “Book VI: The Raid upon the Bridges. Chapter LXXI.”, in Seven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Company, published 1937, →OCLC, page 394:

(intransitive, chiefly Canada, US) Often followed by up.

Often followed by up.
To put a saddle on an animal.

Till the dead midnight we saddled not,— / I have journeyed far and fast— / And hither I come to carry thee back / Ere the darkness shall be past.

c. 1844 June (date written), Gottfried August Bürger, translated by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Lenore […], London: Ellis and Elvey, […], published 1900, →OCLC, page 26:

[A]y, every churl who owns a manor, if he dares—must needs arm and saddle, and levy war on his own behalf, and harry and slay the King's lieges, if he have not garlic to his roast goose every time he chooses […]

1866, C[harles] Kingsley, “How Hereward was Outlawed, and Went North to Seek His Fortunes”, in Hereward the Wake, “Last of the English.” […], volume I, London, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 61:

Often followed by up.
Of a person: to get into a saddle.


shabrack

From Turkish çaprak, Ottoman Turkish چاپراق.

Oudet and Papilette, two of the best sub-officers in the regiment, were at their head. When I had them formed up in fours, all in silver grey and upon chestnut horses, with their leopard skin shabracks and their little red panaches, my heart beat high at the sight.

1896, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Exploits of Brigadier Gerard:


tester

From Middle English tester, equivalent to test + -er.

(cycling) A cyclist who focuses on success in time trials.


surcingle

/ˈsɜːsɪŋɡ(ə)l/

/ˈsɜɹˌsɪŋ.ɡəl/

From Old French surcengle, formed with sur (“over”) and cengle (“girdle”).

He was standing on the offside of his horse, holding up the flap of his saddle, with the surcingle loosened, and was pointing to the girths. Close to their attachment to the saddle they had been almost cut through with a knife.

1929, Baldwyn Dyke Acland, chapter 8, in Filibuster:

A long unpadded strap to pass over and keep in place a blanket, pack or saddle on an animal.


snaffle

Apparently from Dutch snavel, from Middle Dutch snavel, snabel (“snout”), diminutive of Middle Dutch snabbe, snebbe (“bird's bill, neb”). Akin to Old Frisian snavel (“mouth”), Middle Low German snabbe (“neb, beak”), Old English nebb (“beak, bill, nose, face”). More at neb.

Captain went out in the cab all the morning. Harry came in after school to feed me and give me water. In the afternoon I was put into the cab. Jerry took as much pains to see if the collar and bridle fitted comfortably, as if he had been John Manly over again. When the crupper was let out a hole or two, it all fitted well. There was no bearing rein—no curb—nothing but a plain ring snaffle. What a blessing that was!

A broad-mouthed, loose-ringed bit (metal in a horse's mouth). It brings pressure to bear on the tongue and bars and corners of the mouth, and is often used as a training bit.

Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke.[…]A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

(figuratively) Decorative wear that looks like a snaffle.


snaffle

en-verb

snaffle (third-person singular simple present snaffles, present participle snaffling, simple past and past participle snaffled)

snaffles (present singular third-person)
snaffling (participle present)
snaffled (participle past)
snaffled (past)


martingale

From Middle French martingale, from Occitan martegalo, feminine form of martegal, an inhabitant of Martigues, which is from Latin maritima. Alternatively from Spanish almártaga.
The meaning in gambling may come from an old usage of "à la martingale" to mean absurdly, foolishly.https://people.math.harvard.edu/~ctm/home/text/class/sem/html/home/notes/martingales/martingales.pdf

(nautical) A spar, or piece of rigging that strengthens the bowsprit.


roller

→ Welsh: rholer

* From Middle English rollere, equivalent to roll + -er.
* (credits in TV or film): These were originally printed on a physical cylinder that was rotated in front of the camera.


trammel

From Middle English trameyle, from Old French tramail (“net for catching fish”), from Late Latin tremaculum, from tri- (“tri-”) + macula (“spot, speck; mesh, cell”). Cognate with Italian tramaglio (“trammel”), Spanish trasmallo (“drift net”).

affix

A vertical bar with several notches or chain of rings suspended over a fire, used to hang cooking pots by a hook which has an easily adjustable height.

чатал

device to suspend cooking pots over a fire

крючо́к

для подве́шивания котла́ над огнём

A kind of shackle used for regulating the motions of a horse and making it amble.

(engineering) An instrument for drawing ellipses, one part of which consists of a cross with two grooves at right angles to each other, the other being a beam carrying two pins (which slide in those grooves), and also the describing pencil.


beisli

is-noun

beisli n (genitive singular beislis, nominative plural beisli)

beislis (genitive singular)
beisli (nominative plural)
beisli (indefinite nominative singular)
beislið (definite nominative singular)
beisli (indefinite nominative plural)
beislin (definite nominative plural)
beisli (accusative indefinite singular)
beislið (accusative definite singular)
beisli (accusative indefinite plural)
beislin (accusative definite plural)
beisli (dative indefinite singular)
beislinu (dative definite singular)
beislum (dative indefinite plural)
beislunum (dative definite plural)
beislis (genitive indefinite singular)
beislisins (definite genitive singular)
beisla (genitive indefinite plural)
beislanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse beizl from Proto-Germanic *baitīslą.


hnakkur

hnakkur m (genitive singular hnakks, nominative plural hnakkar)

hnakks (genitive singular)
hnakkar (nominative plural)
hnakkur (indefinite nominative singular)
hnakkurinn (definite nominative singular)
hnakkar (indefinite nominative plural)
hnakkarnir (definite nominative plural)
hnakk (accusative indefinite singular)
hnakkinn (accusative definite singular)
hnakka (accusative indefinite plural)
hnakkana (accusative definite plural)
hnakk (dative indefinite singular)
hnakki (dative indefinite singular)
hnakknum (dative definite singular)
hnakkinum (dative definite singular)
hnökkum (dative indefinite plural)
hnökkunum (dative definite plural)
hnakks (genitive indefinite singular)
hnakksins (definite genitive singular)
hnakka (genitive indefinite plural)
hnakkanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse hnak (“saddle”). Cognates include the English knacker.


taumur

taumur m (genitive singular taums, nominative plural taumar)

taums (genitive singular)
taumar (nominative plural)
taumur (indefinite nominative singular)
taumurinn (definite nominative singular)
taumar (indefinite nominative plural)
taumarnir (definite nominative plural)
taum (accusative indefinite singular)
tauminn (accusative definite singular)
tauma (accusative indefinite plural)
taumana (accusative definite plural)
taumi (dative indefinite singular)
taum (dative indefinite singular)
taumnum (dative definite singular)
taumum (dative indefinite plural)
taumunum (dative definite plural)
taums (genitive indefinite singular)
taumsins (definite genitive singular)
tauma (genitive indefinite plural)
taumanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse taumr, from Proto-Germanic *taumaz.


halter

From Middle English halter, helter, helfter, from Old English hælfter, hælftre (“halter”), from Proto-West Germanic *halftrijā (“harness”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut”), equivalent to half- + -ter.
Cognate with Scots helter (“halter”), Dutch halfter, halster (“halter”), Low German halfter, helchter, halter (“halter”), German Halfter (“halter, holster”).


halter

English: halter

Scots: helter, heltir, hilter

Inherited from Old English hælftre, hælfter, from Proto-West Germanic *halftrijā.

(rare) A rope tied in a noose for hanging.


trapping

An instance of ensnaring something or someone.


trappings

Ornamental coverings or harnesses for a horse; caparisons.

koristeloimi

ornamental coverings or harnesses for a horse


palan

head

palan (definite accusative palanı, plural palanlar)

palanı (accusative definite)
palanlar (plural)

From Ottoman Turkish پالان (palan), from Persian پالان (pâlân).

soft saddle with no wooden frame; packsaddle


crupper

From Middle English croper, crouper, from Anglo-Norman cruper, cropere, from Old French cropiere, crupiere, from the same Germanic root as croup. Doublet of croupiere.

Our knight did bear no less a pack / Of his own buttocks on his back: / Which now had almost got the upper- / Hand of his head, for want of crupper.

1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:

he eſpied a mule's crupper, which hung to the ceiling of the room; this he took down, and tendering it to Don Quixote, went on, ſaying...

1784, Alonzo Fernandez de Avellaneda, translated by William Augustus Yardley, A continuation of the history and adventures of the renowned Don Quixote de la Mancha: The Novelist's Magazine, volume 16, page 112:

[1877], Anna Sewell, “A London Cab Horse”, in Black Beauty: […], London: Jarrold and Sons, […], →OCLC, part III, page 158:

I sought among the mules one with a mild expression of generosity and gentleness in its eyes, and found it in a white mule with a crupper adorned with arabesques.

1882, Edmondo de Amicis, Morocco: Its People & Places, tr. C. Rollin-Tilton

A strap, looped under a horse's tail, used to stop a saddle from slipping.


hackamore

Perhaps from Spanish jáquima (“halter”).

Before they could agree or disagree he’d hauled the horse around by the hackamore and was pounding off up the track.

1992, Cormac McCarthy, All The Pretty Horses:


frenum

la-noun

frēnum n (genitive frēnī); second declension

frēnum (canonical neuter)
frēnī (genitive)
frēnum (nominative singular)
frēna (nominative plural)
frēnī (nominative plural)
frēnī (genitive singular)
frēnōrum (genitive plural)
frēnō (dative singular)
frēnīs (dative plural)
frēnum (accusative singular)
frēna (accusative plural)
frēnōs (accusative plural)
frēnō (ablative singular)
frēnīs (ablative plural)
frēnum (singular vocative)
frēna (plural vocative)
frēnī (plural vocative)

Eastern Romance:

Aromanian: frãn, fãrnu, frãnu

Romanian: frână, frâu

Italian: freno

desctree

Old French: frein
Middle French: frein m
French: frein m
→ Khmer: ហ្វ្រ័ង (frang)
→ Ottoman Turkish: فرن (fren), فرهن (fren)
Turkish: fren
→ Vietnamese: phanh

Old Occitan:

Catalan: fre

Occitan: fren

Old Galician-Portuguese: frẽo

Galician: freo

Portuguese: freio

Old Spanish:

Spanish: freno
→ Bikol Central: preno
→ Cebuano: preno
→ Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec: frenu
→ Southeastern Tepehuan: piriiñ
→ Tagalog: preno

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: fren

Romansch: frain, frein, fragn

Sardinian: frenu

Sicilian: frenu

Venetan: fren

→ Albanian: fre

→ Proto-Brythonic: *fruɨn

Old Welsh: fruin

Middle Welsh: ffrwyn

Welsh: ffrwyn

→ English: frenum

→ Old Irish: srían
Middle Irish: srían
Irish: srian
Scottish Gaelic: srian
Manx: streean

From Proto-Italic *frēnom, from earlier *θrēnom, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰr-eh₁-nom, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”). Cognates include ferē, fermē and firmus.

(anatomy) ligament which attaches the inside of the foreskin to the glans


horsewhip

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-horsewhip.wav


horsewhip

en-verb

horsewhip (third-person singular simple present horsewhips, present participle horsewhipping, simple past and past participle horsewhipped)

horsewhips (present singular third-person)
horsewhipping (participle present)
horsewhipped (participle past)
horsewhipped (past)

"Dangerous things, sir—dangerous things!" exclaimed Mr. Lintot, drawing a deep breath of air from the open window: "do you know, sir, Curl published a lampoon on Lord Hervey the other day, who said that he would have horsewhipped him if he could have found his way into the city. Only think, sir, of horsewhipping a publisher!" and Mr. Lintot grew pale with excess of horror.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Alteration”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 22:

He had told his wife that he would ask Fletcher to give up the borough, and that he would make that request with a horsewhip in his hand […] But there were difficulties. A man is not horsewhipped simply because you wish to horsewhip him.

1876, Anthony Trollope, The Prime Minister. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC:

[H]e horsewhipped Sam Brewer, the well-known Curzon Street moneylender, on Newmarket Heath. He nearly killed the man.

1927 March 5, Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Adventure of Shoscombe Old Place”, in The Case Book of Sherlock Holmes, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, published June 1927, →OCLC, page 277:

Ten years ago, with the secret out, they and South African judge James Harkess arrived back in London, with the husband/father saying he wanted to have Mr Clark horsewhipped.

2004 June 12, Vikram Dodd, “Coven's footnote to Clark diaries”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:

(transitive) To flog or lash (someone or something) with a horsewhip.


hame

From Middle English ham, from Old English hām (“home”). More at home.

Scottish and Northern English form of home


hame

(Northern) Alternative form of hom (“home”)


checkrein

A strap used to keep horses' heads high, fashionable in Victorian England but painful and damaging to horses' necks.


sele

selen (definite singular)
seler (indefinite plural)
selene (definite plural)

a harness (usually for horses, dogs and small children)


sele

selen (definite singular)
selar (indefinite plural)
selane (definite plural)


bradoon

A type of snaffle bit, with small rings, usually used on a double bridle in conjunction with a curb bit.


double bridle

(equestrianism) A Weymouth bridle, which uses both a bradoon, held by a sliphead, and a curb bit, and is used with two reins.


curb bit

(equestrianism) A type of bit used on a bridle, which works by leverage and has shanks and a curb chain.


lunge line

(British) A rope-like piece of equipment, usually 20 feet or longer in length, attached to the bridle, lungeing cavesson, or halter of a horse to provide control while lungeing.


breastplate

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-breastplate.wav

From Middle English brestplate, equivalent to breast + plate. Displaced Old English brēostbeorg.

(Judaism) An embroidered square of linen worn on the breast of the Jewish high priest, bearing twelve precious stones, each inscribed with the name of one of the tribes of Israel.


kapa

kapka (diminutive)
kapa (nominative singular)
kapy (nominative plural)
kapy (genitive singular)
kap (genitive plural)
kapie (dative singular)
kapom (dative plural)
kapę (accusative singular)
kapy (accusative plural)
kapą (instrumental singular)
kapami (instrumental plural)
kapie (locative singular)
kapach (locative plural)
kapo (singular vocative)
kapy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin cappa. Sense 5 is a semantic loan from Spanish capa.


Zaum

de-noun

Zaum m (strong, genitive Zaums or Zaumes, plural Zäume, diminutive Zäumchen n or Zäumlein n)

Zaums (genitive)
Zaumes (genitive)
Zäume (plural)
Zäumchen (diminutive neuter)
Zäumlein (diminutive neuter)
Zaum (nominative singular)
Zäume (definite nominative plural)
Zaums (genitive singular)
Zaumes (genitive singular)
Zäume (definite genitive plural)
Zaum (dative singular)
Zaume (dative singular)
Zäumen (dative definite plural)
Zaum (accusative singular)
Zäume (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German zoum, from Old High German zoum, from Proto-West Germanic *taum, from Proto-Germanic *taumaz.
Cognate with Dutch toom, Swedish töm, English team; hence a doublet of Team.


straddle

en-verb

straddle (third-person singular simple present straddles, present participle straddling, simple past and past participle straddled)

straddles (present singular third-person)
straddling (participle present)
straddled (participle past)
straddled (past)

As a verb, attested since the 1560s. Most likely, an alteration of dialectal striddle. The noun is first attested in the 1610s.

Wanting to please both sides, he straddled the issue.

(transitive) To consider or favor two apparently opposite sides; to be noncommittal.

tasapainoilla

to consider or favor two apparently opposite sides

(poker) To place a voluntary raise prior to receiving cards (only by the first player after the blinds).


straddle

(finance) An investment strategy involving simultaneous trade with put and call options on the same security at the same strike price, giving a non-directional position sensitive to volatility.

(poker) A voluntary raise made prior to receiving cards by the first player after the blinds.

sokkokorotus

poker: raise made prior to receiving cards


poitrine

From French poitrine or a Middle or Old French predecessor.

2018, Jerome Bixby, Devilish Tales: A collection of droll, teasing and very wicked fantasies, Digital Parchment Press
Full red lips and a patrician nose, and a delicately formed but ample poitrine that curled Pierre's hands into iron hooks beneath the counter. "Forgive me, kind sir," she said, in a voice like music in a bedroom, […]

Her bodices fully covered her ample poitrine right up to her nonexistent neck.

2008, Leslie Carroll, Royal Affairs: A Lusty Romp Through the Extramarital Adventures That Rocked the British Monarchy, Penguin, →ISBN, page 326:

(She points to her ID badge, situated on her ample poitrine, allowing my next unforgivable remark.) DC: Men don't have those.

2010, Dick Cavett, Talk Show: Confrontations, Pointed Commentary, and Off-Screen Secrets, Macmillan, →ISBN:


sella

la-noun

sella f (genitive sellae); first declension

sellae (genitive)
sella (nominative singular)
sellae (nominative plural)
sellae (genitive singular)
sellārum (genitive plural)
sellae (dative singular)
sellīs (dative plural)
sellam (accusative singular)
sellās (accusative plural)
sellā (ablative singular)
sellīs (ablative plural)
sella (singular vocative)
sellae (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: shalë

Aromanian: shauã

Asturian: siella, siya

Catalan: sella

Dalmatian: siala

English: sella

French: selle

Friulian: siele

Galician: sela

→ Hebrew: אסלה (asla)

Italian: sella

Occitan: sèla

Portuguese: sela

Romanian: șa, șale

Romansch: sella, siala, seala, sela

Sardinian: sedha, sedda

Sicilian: seḍḍa

desctree

Spanish: silla
→ Cebuano: síya
→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: siya
→ Galician: silla
→ Hiligaynon: siya
→ Ladino: siya
→ Portuguese: silha
→ Southeastern Tepehuan: xiir
→ Tagalog: silya, siya
→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: siya

Venetan: sela, seła

From Proto-Italic *sedlā, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-, whence sedeō (“I sit”). The same formation as Proto-Germanic *sadulaz, Proto-Slavic *sedъlo.

seat, chair (one that is moveable unlike a sedīle)

(historical) A kind of open or enclosed sedan chair


ocel

ocel (nominative singular)
ocele (nominative plural)
ocela (genitive singular)
oceli (genitive plural)
ocelowi (dative singular)
ocelom (dative plural)
ocela (accusative singular)
ocelów (accusative plural)
ocelem (instrumental singular)
ocelami (instrumental plural)
ocelu (locative singular)
ocelach (locative plural)
ocelu (singular vocative)
ocele (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Czech ocel, from Proto-Slavic *ocelь, *ocělь, from Late Latin aciāle, from Latin aciēs, from ācer.


étrier

→ English: étrier

→ Romanian: etrier

Inherited from Middle French estrier, from Old French estrief, estreu (“a ring hanging on each side of the saddle supporting a rider's foot”), from Frankish *streup (“buckle, stirrup”), perhaps for Frankish *stigareip (“stirrup”). Compare Old High German stegareif (“stirrup”), Middle Dutch stegerep (“stirrup”), Old English stīrāp, stiġrāp (“stirrup”), Old Norse stigreip (“stirrup”). See also étrivière. More at stirrup.


stirrup

From Middle English stirop, stirope, from Old English stiġrāp (“stirrup”), a compound of stiġe ("ascent, descent, a going up or down"; related to stīġan (“to climb”)) and rāp (“rope”), equivalent to sty + rope.
Cognate with Dutch stegereep, stegelreep (“stirrup”), Old Saxon stigerēp (“stirrup”), Middle High German stereip, stegreif ("stirrup"; > German Stegreif (“improvisation”)), Icelandic stigreip (“stirrup”).

gloss

"ascent, descent, a going up or down"; related to <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">stīġan</i> (“to climb”)

"stirrup"; > German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Stegreif</i> (“improvisation”)

With what different feelings did he now put foot in stirrup to the last time when he sprung to horse?

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 36–37:

(equestrianism) A ring or hoop suspended by a rope or strap from the saddle, for a horseman's foot while mounting or riding.

(by extension) Any piece shaped like the stirrup of a saddle, used as a support, clamp, etc.

(climbing) A portable, flexible ladder-like device used in climbing.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:stirrup.

(nautical) A rope secured to a yard, with a thimble in its lower end for supporting a footrope.

(construction) A bent rebar wrapped around the main rebars to reinforce against shear stress.


phalerae

la-noun

phalerae f pl (genitive phalerārum); first declension

phalerārum (genitive)
phalerae (nominative plural)
phalerārum (genitive plural)
phalerīs (dative plural)
phalerās (accusative plural)
phalerīs (ablative plural)
phalerae (plural vocative)

→ English: phalera

[ˈpʰäɫ̪ɛräe̯]

From Ancient Greek φάλαρα (phálara), plural of φάλαρον (phálaron).

a trapping for the forehead and breast of horses


aisa

aisa (nominative singular)
aisat (nominative plural)
aisan (genitive singular)
aisoin (genitive plural)
aisaa (partitive singular)
aisoja (partitive plural)
aisaa (illative singular)
aisoi (illative plural)
aisaas (inessive singular)
aisois (inessive plural)
aisast (elative singular)
aisoist (elative plural)
aisalle (allative singular)
aisoille (allative plural)
aisaal (adessive singular)
aisoil (adessive plural)
aisalt (ablative singular)
aisoilt (ablative plural)
aisaks (singular translative)
aisoiks (plural translative)
aisanna (essive singular)
aisaan (essive singular)
aisoinna (essive plural)
aisoin (essive plural)
aisant (exessive singular)
aisoint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *aisa. Cognates include Finnish aisa and Estonian ais.

shaft (pole on either side of a harnessed animal)


sieppi

sieppi (nominative singular)
siepit (nominative plural)
sieppi (accusative nominative singular)
siepit (accusative nominative plural)
siepin (accusative genitive singular)
siepit (accusative genitive plural)
siepin (genitive singular)
sieppien (genitive plural)
sieppiä (partitive singular)
sieppejä (partitive plural)
siepissä (inessive singular)
siepeissä (inessive plural)
siepistä (elative singular)
siepeistä (elative plural)
sieppiin (illative singular)
sieppeihin (illative plural)
siepillä (adessive singular)
siepeillä (adessive plural)
siepiltä (ablative singular)
siepeiltä (ablative plural)
siepille (allative singular)
siepeille (allative plural)
sieppinä (essive singular)
sieppeinä (essive plural)
siepiksi (singular translative)
siepeiksi (plural translative)
siepittä (abessive singular)
siepeittä (abessive plural)
siepein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
sieppini (nominative singular)
sieppini (nominative plural)
sieppini (accusative nominative singular)
sieppini (accusative nominative plural)
sieppini (accusative genitive singular)
sieppini (accusative genitive plural)
sieppini (genitive singular)
sieppieni (genitive plural)
sieppiäni (partitive singular)
sieppejäni (partitive plural)
siepissäni (inessive singular)
siepeissäni (inessive plural)
siepistäni (elative singular)
siepeistäni (elative plural)
sieppiini (illative singular)
sieppeihini (illative plural)
siepilläni (adessive singular)
siepeilläni (adessive plural)
siepiltäni (ablative singular)
siepeiltäni (ablative plural)
siepilleni (allative singular)
siepeilleni (allative plural)
sieppinäni (essive singular)
sieppeinäni (essive plural)
siepikseni (singular translative)
siepeikseni (plural translative)
siepittäni (abessive singular)
siepeittäni (abessive plural)
sieppeineni (comitative plural)
sieppisi (nominative singular)
sieppisi (nominative plural)
sieppisi (accusative nominative singular)
sieppisi (accusative nominative plural)
sieppisi (accusative genitive singular)
sieppisi (accusative genitive plural)
sieppisi (genitive singular)
sieppiesi (genitive plural)
sieppiäsi (partitive singular)
sieppejäsi (partitive plural)
siepissäsi (inessive singular)
siepeissäsi (inessive plural)
siepistäsi (elative singular)
siepeistäsi (elative plural)
sieppiisi (illative singular)
sieppeihisi (illative plural)
siepilläsi (adessive singular)
siepeilläsi (adessive plural)
siepiltäsi (ablative singular)
siepeiltäsi (ablative plural)
siepillesi (allative singular)
siepeillesi (allative plural)
sieppinäsi (essive singular)
sieppeinäsi (essive plural)
siepiksesi (singular translative)
siepeiksesi (plural translative)
siepittäsi (abessive singular)
siepeittäsi (abessive plural)
sieppeinesi (comitative plural)
sieppimme (nominative singular)
sieppimme (nominative plural)
sieppimme (accusative nominative singular)
sieppimme (accusative nominative plural)
sieppimme (accusative genitive singular)
sieppimme (accusative genitive plural)
sieppimme (genitive singular)
sieppiemme (genitive plural)
sieppiämme (partitive singular)
sieppejämme (partitive plural)
siepissämme (inessive singular)
siepeissämme (inessive plural)
siepistämme (elative singular)
siepeistämme (elative plural)
sieppiimme (illative singular)
sieppeihimme (illative plural)
siepillämme (adessive singular)
siepeillämme (adessive plural)
siepiltämme (ablative singular)
siepeiltämme (ablative plural)
siepillemme (allative singular)
siepeillemme (allative plural)
sieppinämme (essive singular)
sieppeinämme (essive plural)
siepiksemme (singular translative)
siepeiksemme (plural translative)
siepittämme (abessive singular)
siepeittämme (abessive plural)
sieppeinemme (comitative plural)
sieppinne (nominative singular)
sieppinne (nominative plural)
sieppinne (accusative nominative singular)
sieppinne (accusative nominative plural)
sieppinne (accusative genitive singular)
sieppinne (accusative genitive plural)
sieppinne (genitive singular)
sieppienne (genitive plural)
sieppiänne (partitive singular)
sieppejänne (partitive plural)
siepissänne (inessive singular)
siepeissänne (inessive plural)
siepistänne (elative singular)
siepeistänne (elative plural)
sieppiinne (illative singular)
sieppeihinne (illative plural)
siepillänne (adessive singular)
siepeillänne (adessive plural)
siepiltänne (ablative singular)
siepeiltänne (ablative plural)
siepillenne (allative singular)
siepeillenne (allative plural)
sieppinänne (essive singular)
sieppeinänne (essive plural)
siepiksenne (singular translative)
siepeiksenne (plural translative)
siepittänne (abessive singular)
siepeittänne (abessive plural)
sieppeinenne (comitative plural)
sieppinsä (nominative singular)
sieppinsä (nominative plural)
sieppinsä (accusative nominative singular)
sieppinsä (accusative nominative plural)
sieppinsä (accusative genitive singular)
sieppinsä (accusative genitive plural)
sieppinsä (genitive singular)
sieppiensä (genitive plural)
sieppiään (partitive singular)
sieppiänsä (partitive singular)
sieppejään (partitive plural)
sieppejänsä (partitive plural)
siepissään (inessive singular)
siepissänsä (inessive singular)
siepeissään (inessive plural)
siepeissänsä (inessive plural)
siepistään (elative singular)
siepistänsä (elative singular)
siepeistään (elative plural)
siepeistänsä (elative plural)
sieppiinsä (illative singular)
sieppeihinsä (illative plural)
siepillään (adessive singular)
siepillänsä (adessive singular)
siepeillään (adessive plural)
siepeillänsä (adessive plural)
siepiltään (ablative singular)
siepiltänsä (ablative singular)
siepeiltään (ablative plural)
siepeiltänsä (ablative plural)
siepilleen (allative singular)
siepillensä (allative singular)
siepeilleen (allative plural)
siepeillensä (allative plural)
sieppinään (essive singular)
sieppinänsä (essive singular)
sieppeinään (essive plural)
sieppeinänsä (essive plural)
siepikseen (singular translative)
siepiksensä (singular translative)
siepeikseen (plural translative)
siepeiksensä (plural translative)
siepittään (abessive singular)
siepittänsä (abessive singular)
siepeittään (abessive plural)
siepeittänsä (abessive plural)
sieppeineen (comitative plural)
sieppeinensä (comitative plural)

ru:Чоканье (лингвистика)

Borrowed from Russian цепь (cepʹ, “chain”) with northwestern Russian /t͡s/—/t͡ʃ/ merger.


saddle bow

From Middle English sadel-bowe, sadel-boȝe, from Old English sadulboga, sadolboga, equivalent to saddle + bow. Displaced non-native arson (“saddle bow”), from Middle English arsoun.

the Prince […] stroke the Pagan with his steely brand / So sore, that to his saddle-bow thereby / He bowed low, and so a while did lie […].

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

The Government mobilized the full force of 18,000 mounted gendarmes and sent them picking their way over the sand about as heavily armored as any policeman could be: a long lance in one hand, a sabre at the saddle bow, a rifle across the back, a pistol on the hip.

1931 October 12, “Sand in the Streets”, in Time:

The front part of the saddle that is arched up like a bow.


стремя

ru-noun+

стре́мя • (strémja) n inan (genitive стре́мени, nominative plural стремена́, genitive plural стремя́н, relational adjective стременно́й or стремя́нный, diminutive стре́мечко)

стре́мя (canonical)
strémja (romanization)
стре́мени (genitive)
стремена́ (nominative plural)
стремя́н (genitive plural)
стременно́й (adjective relational)
стремя́нный (adjective relational)
стре́мечко (diminutive)
стре́мя (nominative singular)
стремена́ (nominative plural)
стре́мени (genitive singular)
стремя́н (genitive irregular plural)
стре́мени (dative singular)
стремена́м (dative plural)
стре́мя (accusative singular)
стремена́ (accusative plural)
стре́менем (instrumental singular)
стремена́ми (instrumental plural)
стре́мени (prepositional singular)
стремена́х (plural prepositional)
стре́мя (dated nominative singular)
стремена́ (dated nominative plural)
стре́мени (dated genitive singular)
стремя́нъ (dated genitive irregular plural)
стре́мени (dated dative singular)
стремена́мъ (dated dative plural)
стре́мя (accusative dated singular)
стремена́ (accusative dated plural)
стре́менемъ (dated instrumental singular)
стремена́ми (dated instrumental plural)
стре́мени (dated prepositional singular)
стремена́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stremę, *strьmę. Cognate with Polish strzemię, etc.


bridel

English: bridle

Scots: bridle

Inherited from Old English brīdel, from Proto-West Germanic *brigdil, from Proto-Germanic *brigdilaz; equivalent to breiden + -el (agentive suffix).

Nile ye be maad as an hors and mule; to whiche is noon vndurstondyng. Lord, constreyne thou the chekis of hem with a bernacle and bridil; that neiȝen not to thee.

a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Psalm 32:9”, in Wycliffe's Bible:

Don't behave like a horse or mule, who don't understand anything. Lord, you constrain the cheeks of them with a bit and a bridle, or they won't go to you.

A bridle, reins, or bit; equipment for directing a horse.

(figurative) Supervision, monitoring, constraint, direction.

(figurative) Something that constrains or directs; a guideline.


taumr

From Proto-Germanic *taumaz, whence also Old English tēam, Old High German zoum.


English saddle

Any of several saddles which, unlike a Western saddle, do not have a horn, but have padded panels so do not need a separate saddle blanket.


Klappe

de-noun

Klappe f (genitive Klappe, plural Klappen)

Klappe (genitive)
Klappen (plural)
Klappe (nominative singular)
Klappen (definite nominative plural)
Klappe (genitive singular)
Klappen (definite genitive plural)
Klappe (dative singular)
Klappen (dative definite plural)
Klappe (accusative singular)
Klappen (accusative definite plural)

→ Turkish: klapa

From the verb klappen (“to flap, flip, fold”) and from Middle Low German klappe, kleppe and with influence of French clapet in technical meanings near “valve”.

flap, every technical or natural implement that is bound in front of something or a body part of someone or a beast to obstruct leakage or immissions in either direction and is removed under preintended conditions.

any technical piece of equipment bound in front of a beast to obstruct its movement or vision, as a muzzle or twitch or barnacle (tendentially a muzzle, while a twitch preferredly bears the form Kluppe or Knuppe)


Sattel

Sattel m (strong, genitive Sattels, plural Sättel)

Sattels (genitive)
Sättel (plural)
Sattel (nominative singular)
Sättel (definite nominative plural)
Sattels (genitive singular)
Sättel (definite genitive plural)
Sattel (dative singular)
Sätteln (dative definite plural)
Sattel (accusative singular)
Sättel (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German satel, from Old High German satal, from Proto-West Germanic *sadul, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz. Cognate with Old Norse sǫðull, Old English sadol, Dutch zadel, English saddle.

(music, lutherie) nut of a string instrument (supporting strings at the head end)


waga

wagowy (adjective)
waga (nominative singular)
wagi (nominative plural)
wagi (genitive singular)
wag (genitive plural)
wadze (dative singular)
wagom (dative plural)
wagę (accusative singular)
wagi (accusative plural)
wagą (instrumental singular)
wagami (instrumental plural)
wadze (locative singular)
wagach (locative plural)
wago (singular vocative)
wagi (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: wôga

→ Russian: ва́га (vága)

→ Slovincian: wogha

→ Ukrainian: ва́га (váha)

→ Belarusian: ва́гі (váhi)

(obsolete) place where weighing of products is carried out

(obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl) weight (object used to make something heavier)


packsaddle

From pack + saddle. Compare Dutch pakzadel, German Packsattel.

A saddle designed to secure and carry goods on the back of an animal.


حكمة

ar-noun

حِكْمَة • (ḥikma) f (plural حِكَم (ḥikam))

حِكْمَة (canonical)
ḥikma (romanization)
حِكَم (plural)
حِكْمَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْحِكْمَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
حِكْمَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
حِكْمَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْحِكْمَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
حِكْمَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
حِكْمَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْحِكْمَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
حِكْمَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
حِكْمَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْحِكْمَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
حِكْمَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
حِكْمَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْحِكْمَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
حِكْمَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
حِكْمَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْحِكْمَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
حِكْمَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
حِكْمَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْحِكْمَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
حِكْمَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
حِكْمَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْحِكْمَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
حِكْمَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
حِكَم (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الْحِكَم (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
حِكَم (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
حِكَمٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الْحِكَمُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
حِكَمُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
حِكَمًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الْحِكَمَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
حِكَمَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
حِكَمٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الْحِكَمِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
حِكَمِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)

→ Persian: حکمت (hekmet)

→ Azerbaijani: hikmət

→ Ottoman Turkish: حكمت (hikmet)

Turkish: hikmet

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: हिकमत (hikmat)

Urdu: حکمت (hikmat)

→ Malay: hikmat

Indonesian: hikmat

→ Tagalog: hikmat

→ Uyghur: ھېكمەت (hëkmet)

→ Uzbek: hikmat

→ Swahili: hekima

From the verbal noun of حَكُمَ (ḥakuma, “to be wise”). Compare Hebrew חָכְמָה (ḥokhmá, “wisdom”) and Ugaritic 𐎈𐎋𐎎𐎚 (ḥkmt).


roughshod

The horses fell down three times, the roads being slippery, and we walked three miles to Linlithgow. There we waited two hours, to have the fresh horses roughshod.

1814 November 10, Miss Berry [Mary Berry], edited by Lady [Maria] Theresa Lewis, Extracts of the Journals and Correspondence of Miss Berry from the year 1783 to 1852. … In Three Volumes, volume III, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1865, →OCLC, page 36:

Those who have followed a French army well know that their horses are always rough-shod. [...] Horses can bear cold when properly fed, and if they had not been rough-shod there were farriers attached to the army.

1875, C. Joyneville [pseudonym; Catherine Laura Johnstone], “The French Retreat and the Russian Pursuit”, in Life and Times of Alexander I. Emperor of All the Russias. … In Three Volumes, volume II, London: Tinsley Brothers, 8, Catherine Street, Strand, →OCLC, page 227:

A horse is roughshod when the nails are left protruding out of its shoes so that the animal does not slip and fall. Consequently, being ridden over by a roughshod horse would be quite agonizing.

1996, Sandra L. Olsen, “Introduction”, in Sandra L. Olsen, editor, Horses through Time, Boulder, Colo.: Roberts Rinehart Publishers for Carnegie Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 8:

(farriery) Of a horse: having hooves shod with horseshoes that have calks or projecting parts to prevent slipping.


selle

Inherited from Middle French selle, from Old French sele, from Latin sella, from Proto-Italic *sedlā, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-.


caparison

en-verb

caparison (third-person singular simple present caparisons, present participle caparisoning, simple past and past participle caparisoned)

caparisons (present singular third-person)
caparisoning (participle present)
caparisoned (participle past)
caparisoned (past)

From Middle French caparasson (Modern French caparaçon), from Old Spanish caparazón, from Old Occitan capairon.

Come, bustle, bustle; caparison my horse

1593, Shakespeare, Richard III, Act 5, Scene 3:

To dress up a horse or elephant with ornamental coverings.


marsupium

la-noun

marsūpium n (genitive marsūpiī or marsūpī); second declension

marsūpium (canonical neuter)
marsūpiī (genitive)
marsūpī (genitive)
marsūpium (nominative singular)
marsūpia (nominative plural)
marsūpiī (genitive singular)
marsūpī (genitive singular)
marsūpiōrum (genitive plural)
marsūpiō (dative singular)
marsūpiīs (dative plural)
marsūpium (accusative singular)
marsūpia (accusative plural)
marsūpiō (ablative singular)
marsūpiīs (ablative plural)
marsūpium (singular vocative)
marsūpia (plural vocative)

→ English: marsupium (learned)

→ Italian: marsupio (learned)

→ Portuguese: marsúpio (learned)

→ Spanish: marsupio (learned)

From Ancient Greek μαρσίππιον (marsíppion), diminutive of μάρσιππος (mársippos, “pouch”).

sortem mitte nōbīscum, marsūpium ūnum sit omnium nostrum

Cast in thy lot with us, let us all have one purse. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)


doubletree

a device that connects two horses to a wagon or other implement. The tugs of a harness are connected to a singletree, two of which are connected to a doubletree, which, in turn, is connected to the implement.


kantar

kantar (nominative singular)
kantary (nominative plural)
kantara (genitive singular)
kantarów (genitive plural)
kantarowi (dative singular)
kantarom (dative plural)
kantar (accusative singular)
kantary (accusative plural)
kantarem (instrumental singular)
kantarami (instrumental plural)
kantarze (locative singular)
kantarach (locative plural)
kantarze (singular vocative)
kantary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian kantár, from Turkic.


kantar

kȁntār (canonical masculine)
ка̏нта̄р (Cyrillic)

Borrowed from Latin cantharus, from Ancient Greek κάνθαρος (kántharos).


chiavi

→ Maltese: ċavi, ⇒ ċavu

From Latin clāvis, clāvem (“key”). Cognate with Italian chiave.

(equestrianism) metal ring the reins go through


sidesaddle

A saddle, usually for a woman, in which the rider sits with both legs on the same side of the horse.


calk

en-verb

calk (third-person singular simple present calks, present participle calking, simple past and past participle calked)

calks (present singular third-person)
calking (participle present)
calked (participle past)
calked (past)

From French calque, ultimately derived from Latin calcō (“I trample”). Doublet of calque.

To copy (a drawing) by rubbing the back of it with red or black chalk, and then passing a blunt stylus or needle over the lines, so as to leave a tracing on the paper or other thing against which it is laid or held.


flaps

Giges or flappes, is pimples or teates in the in side of his mouth.

1587, Leonard Mascall, The First Booke of Cattell, London: John Wolfe, page 163:

If there be any ſwelling betweene the eares, it is a ſigne of the Pole-evil: ſwelling under the eare, a ſigne of the Vives; and ſwelling in the mouth, a ſigne either of Canker, Flaps, Lampaſſe.

1610, Gervase Markham, “Of the signes of sicknesse, and of what nature it consisteth”, in Markhams Maister-peece. Contayning All Knowledge Belonging to the Smith, Farrier, or Horse-leech, Touching the Curing of All Diseases in Horses: […], 5th edition, London: […] Nicholas and Iohn Okes, […], published 1636, →OCLC, 1st book (Containing All Cures Physicall, […]), page 32:

Theſe Giggs, Bladders or Flaps, proceed either from eating too much Graſs, or that which is bad; or Hay or Provender that is rough and pricking.

1726, N. B. Philippos, The Farrier's and Horseman's Dictionary, London: J. Darby, page 247:

The Flaps are a ſpungy, fleſhy, fungous ſubftance, ſituated juſt below the grinders on the lower jaw, adjoining the cheek, on the part where the bit reſteth upon. The above is ſo troubleſome to a Horſe and ſo ſore, that he will often catch the Flaps between his grinders, which chafes him much, and prevents him to grind his food, and cauſes him to ſlaver and ſlober much.

1784, William Griffiths, A Practical Treatise on Farriery, Wrexham, Wales: R. Marsh, page 119:

These likewise sometimes enlarge during catarrh or imflammation of the mouth, and are called gigs, and bladders, and flaps in the mouth.

1843, William Youatt, The Horse, London: Chapman & Hall, page 206:

(farriery, archaic) A disease in the mouths of horses involving inflammation in the cheeks or lips.


balteus

la-noun

balteus m (genitive balteī); second declension

balteī (genitive)
balteus (nominative singular)
balteī (nominative plural)
balteī (genitive singular)
balteōrum (genitive plural)
balteō (dative singular)
balteīs (dative plural)
balteum (accusative singular)
balteōs (accusative plural)
balteō (ablative singular)
balteīs (ablative plural)
baltee (singular vocative)
balteī (plural vocative)

Aromanian: baltsu

Italian: balzo

Old Occitan:

Catalan: balç

Occitan: baus

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Portuguese: balção, balso

Romanian: balț

→ Proto-Germanic: *baltijaz (see there for further descendants)

English: belt

→ Italian: balteo

→ Portuguese: bálteo

→ Spanish: bálteo

[ˈbäɫ̪t̪eʊs̠]

Charisius says Varro considered it of Etruscan origin (compare Etruscan 𐌁𐌀𐌋𐌕𐌄𐌀 (baltea, “belt”)). Ernout and Meillet accept its Etruscan origin and interpret -eus as a characteristic ending of Etruscan loanwords, whereas Bonfante Warren is skeptical of this etymology, noting that the voiced consonant /b/ is foreign to Etruscan.

(architecture) Synonym of praecinctio (curved walkway that separates the galleries of a Roman theatre)


suitset

suitset (nominative plural)
suitsiin (genitive plural)
suitsiloin (genitive plural)
suitsija (partitive plural)
suitsiloja (partitive plural)
suitsii (illative plural)
suitsiloihe (illative plural)
suitsiis (inessive plural)
suitsilois (inessive plural)
suitsist (elative plural)
suitsiloist (elative plural)
suitsille (allative plural)
suitsiloille (allative plural)
suitsiil (adessive plural)
suitsiloil (adessive plural)
suitsilt (ablative plural)
suitsiloilt (ablative plural)
suitsiks (plural translative)
suitsiloiks (plural translative)
suitsinna (essive plural)
suitsiloinna (essive plural)
suitsiin (essive plural)
suitsiloin (essive plural)
suitsint (exessive plural)
suitsiloint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *suic'ët. Cognates include Finnish suitset and Estonian suitsed.


longe

From French allonger (“to lengthen”), or Latin longa (“long”), i.e. the long rope.

A long rope or flat web line, more commonly referred to as a longe line, approximately 20-30 feet long, attached to the bridle, longeing cavesson, or halter of a horse and used to control the animal while longeing.


spavined

en-adj

spavined (comparative more spavined, superlative most spavined)

more spavined (comparative)
most spavined (superlative)

From Late Middle English spaueyned, from spavein, spaveine (“swelling on horse’s leg causing lameness; disease causing lameness in horses”) + -ed (suffix forming adjectives; and the past tense and past participle forms of weak verbs). By surface analysis, spavin + -ed (suffix forming possessional adjectives from nouns, denoting having the objects represented by the nouns; and forming past tenses of regular verbs).

surf

Coordinate term: foundered

[H]e […] made a present to Andrew of a broken-winded and spavined poney, in order to enable him to pursue his journey.

1817 December 31 (indicated as 1818), [Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Rob Roy. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, page 115:

A horse-giver, no more than a horse-seller, has a right to palm his spavined article upon us for good ware. An equivalent is expected in either case; and, with my own good will, I would no more be cheated out of my thanks, than out of my money.

1833, Elia [pseudonym; Charles Lamb], “[Popular Fallacies.] XI. That We Must Not Look a Gift-Horse in the Mouth, […].”, in The Last Essays of Elia. […], London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 250:

[…] Mr. Thumble, […] had ridden over to Hogglestock on a poor spavined brute belonging to the bishop's stable, and which had once been the bishop's cob.

1867, Anthony Trollope, “The Bishop’s Angel”, in The Last Chronicle of Barset. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC, page 106:

As for the wonderful feats of horsemanship one hears of or sees among the Arabs, they are due to sharp spurs like razors, and to bits strong enough to break an animal's jaw. […] The favourite feat at their fantasias or fêtes of suddenly pulling up their horses short while at a hand-gallop, ruins their legs, and there is in consequence scarcely a horse to be seen whose hind-legs are not spavined.

1868, Mrs. H. Lloyd Evans, “Across the Atlas”, in Last Winter in Algeria, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 100:

The Whig party was supposed to be broken in 1842. It was likened to the man who wished to sell his horse. A by-stander asked if the horse was not spavined? "Spavined! I don't know what that is; but if the horse is any better for being spavined, then he is spavined!"

1876, Samuel S[ullivan] Cox, “Legislative Anecdote—Continued”, in Why We Laugh, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 281:

Into the vale from the north rode a stranger. He was mounted on a mangy, shovel-headed horse so spavined that it should have been unable to support his improbable bulk.

2010, Stephen R[eeder] Donaldson, Against All Things Ending (The Last Chronicles of Thomas Covenant; 3), New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, →ISBN, page 54:

(farriery, veterinary medicine) Of a horse: having spavin (“a disease of horses caused by a bony swelling which develops in a leg due to inflammation”).


loru

az-noun

loru (definite accusative lorunu, plural lorular)

lorunu (accusative definite)
lorular (plural)
loru (nominative singular)
lorular (nominative plural)
lorunu (accusative definite singular)
loruları (accusative definite plural)
loruya (dative singular)
lorulara (dative plural)
loruda (locative singular)
lorularda (locative plural)
lorudan (ablative singular)
lorulardan (ablative plural)
lorunun (definite genitive singular)
loruların (definite genitive plural)
lorum (first-person nominative possessive singular)
lorularım (first-person nominative possessive singular)
lorun (nominative possessive second-person singular)
loruların (nominative possessive second-person singular)
lorusu (nominative possessive singular third-person)
loruları (nominative possessive singular third-person)
lorumuz (first-person nominative plural possessive)
lorularımız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
lorunuz (nominative plural possessive second-person)
lorularınız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
lorusu (nominative plural possessive third-person)
loruları (nominative plural possessive third-person)
lorumu (accusative first-person possessive singular)
lorularımı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
lorunu (accusative possessive second-person singular)
lorularını (accusative possessive second-person singular)
lorusunu (accusative possessive singular third-person)
lorularını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
lorumuzu (accusative first-person plural possessive)
lorularımızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
lorunuzu (accusative plural possessive second-person)
lorularınızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
lorusunu (accusative plural possessive third-person)
lorularını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
loruma (dative first-person possessive singular)
lorularıma (dative first-person possessive singular)
loruna (dative possessive second-person singular)
lorularına (dative possessive second-person singular)
lorusuna (dative possessive singular third-person)
lorularına (dative possessive singular third-person)
lorumuza (dative first-person plural possessive)
lorularımıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
lorunuza (dative plural possessive second-person)
lorularınıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
lorusuna (dative plural possessive third-person)
lorularına (dative plural possessive third-person)
lorumda (first-person locative possessive singular)
lorularımda (first-person locative possessive singular)
lorunda (locative possessive second-person singular)
lorularında (locative possessive second-person singular)
lorusunda (locative possessive singular third-person)
lorularında (locative possessive singular third-person)
lorumuzda (first-person locative plural possessive)
lorularımızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
lorunuzda (locative plural possessive second-person)
lorularınızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
lorusunda (locative plural possessive third-person)
lorularında (locative plural possessive third-person)
lorumdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
lorularımdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
lorundan (ablative possessive second-person singular)
lorularından (ablative possessive second-person singular)
lorusundan (ablative possessive singular third-person)
lorularından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
lorumuzdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
lorularımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
lorunuzdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
lorularınızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
lorusundan (ablative plural possessive third-person)
lorularından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
lorumun (first-person genitive possessive singular)
lorularımın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
lorunun (genitive possessive second-person singular)
lorularının (genitive possessive second-person singular)
lorusunun (genitive possessive singular third-person)
lorularının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
lorumuzun (first-person genitive plural possessive)
lorularımızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
lorunuzun (genitive plural possessive second-person)
lorularınızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
lorusunun (genitive plural possessive third-person)
lorularının (genitive plural possessive third-person)

saddlecloth (placed under çul or yəhəraltı)


blinder

From both sides of his head a blackness swiftly grew like blinders on a horse and darkly narrowed his field of vision.

1969, Kenzaburō Ōe, chapter 5, in John Nathan, transl., A Personal Matter, New York: Grove Press, page 84:

Orientalism itself, furthermore, was an exclusively male province; like so many professional guilds during the modern period, it viewed itself and its subject matter with sexist blinders.

1978, Edward Said, Orientalism, New York: Vinatage, published 2003, Chapter 3, Part I, p. 207:

A screen attached to a horse's bridle preventing it from being able to see things to its side.


länget

länget (nominative plural)
länget (accusative nominative plural)
länget (accusative genitive plural)
länkien (genitive plural)
länkiä (partitive plural)
längissä (inessive plural)
längistä (elative plural)
länkiin (illative plural)
längillä (adessive plural)
längiltä (ablative plural)
längille (allative plural)
länkinä (essive plural)
längiksi (plural translative)
längittä (abessive plural)
längin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
länkeni (nominative plural)
länkeni (accusative nominative plural)
länkeni (accusative genitive plural)
länkieni (genitive plural)
länkiäni (partitive plural)
längissäni (inessive plural)
längistäni (elative plural)
länkiini (illative plural)
längilläni (adessive plural)
längiltäni (ablative plural)
längilleni (allative plural)
länkinäni (essive plural)
längikseni (plural translative)
längittäni (abessive plural)
länkineni (comitative plural)
länkesi (nominative plural)
länkesi (accusative nominative plural)
länkesi (accusative genitive plural)
länkiesi (genitive plural)
länkiäsi (partitive plural)
längissäsi (inessive plural)
längistäsi (elative plural)
länkiisi (illative plural)
längilläsi (adessive plural)
längiltäsi (ablative plural)
längillesi (allative plural)
länkinäsi (essive plural)
längiksesi (plural translative)
längittäsi (abessive plural)
länkinesi (comitative plural)
länkemme (nominative plural)
länkemme (accusative nominative plural)
länkemme (accusative genitive plural)
länkiemme (genitive plural)
länkiämme (partitive plural)
längissämme (inessive plural)
längistämme (elative plural)
länkiimme (illative plural)
längillämme (adessive plural)
längiltämme (ablative plural)
längillemme (allative plural)
länkinämme (essive plural)
längiksemme (plural translative)
längittämme (abessive plural)
länkinemme (comitative plural)
länkenne (nominative plural)
länkenne (accusative nominative plural)
länkenne (accusative genitive plural)
länkienne (genitive plural)
länkiänne (partitive plural)
längissänne (inessive plural)
längistänne (elative plural)
länkiinne (illative plural)
längillänne (adessive plural)
längiltänne (ablative plural)
längillenne (allative plural)
länkinänne (essive plural)
längiksenne (plural translative)
längittänne (abessive plural)
länkinenne (comitative plural)
länkensä (nominative plural)
länkensä (accusative nominative plural)
länkensä (accusative genitive plural)
länkiensä (genitive plural)
länkiään (partitive plural)
länkiänsä (partitive plural)
längissään (inessive plural)
längissänsä (inessive plural)
längistään (elative plural)
längistänsä (elative plural)
länkiinsä (illative plural)
längillään (adessive plural)
längillänsä (adessive plural)
längiltään (ablative plural)
längiltänsä (ablative plural)
längilleen (allative plural)
längillensä (allative plural)
länkinään (essive plural)
länkinänsä (essive plural)
längikseen (plural translative)
längiksensä (plural translative)
längittään (abessive plural)
längittänsä (abessive plural)
länkineen (comitative plural)
länkinensä (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic [Term?]. The form is unclear, as Ingrian länget, Karelian länket, Ludian länged and Veps länged point to *länke- (Finnish ränget could be Estonian influence based on its relatively narrow southwestern distribution), while Estonian rangid, Livonian rāngaz and Votic rangõd point to *rankë-. Compare also northern Russian лянги (ljangi, “wooden collar for reindeer”) and Northern Sami leaŋggat.

cog

collar, horse collar, hame (part of harness designed to distribute the load around the shoulders of a draft animal)