cornus

la-noun

cornus f (genitive cornī); second declension

cornus f (genitive cornūs); fourth declension

cornī (genitive)
cornūs (genitive)
cornus (nominative singular)
cornī (nominative plural)
cornī (genitive singular)
cornōrum (genitive plural)
cornō (dative singular)
cornīs (dative plural)
cornum (accusative singular)
cornōs (accusative plural)
cornō (ablative singular)
cornīs (ablative plural)
corne (singular vocative)
cornī (plural vocative)
cornus (nominative singular)
cornūs (nominative plural)
cornūs (genitive singular)
cornuum (genitive plural)
cornuī (dative singular)
cornibus (dative plural)
cornum (accusative singular)
cornūs (accusative plural)
cornū (ablative singular)
cornibus (ablative plural)
cornus (singular vocative)
cornūs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: cornu, coarnã

Occitan: còrma

Romanian: corn, coarnă

Spanish: corno

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cornāria

Galician: corneira

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *corniceus

Spanish: cornizo

→ Portuguese: corniso

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cornicula

Old French:

Middle French: corneille

→ Middle English: corneille

English: cornel

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *corniculus

*corniclus

Spanish: cornejo

Venetan: crognoło

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *corniculārius

Catalan: corneller

French: cornouiller

Friulian: cuargnolâr

Occitan: cormièr

Venetan: cornołaro, cornołer

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cornulla

Old French: cornolle

French: cornouille

Unknown. Akin to Ancient Greek κράνος (krános), κράνον (kránon, “cornel”), which perhaps indicates that both are borrowed from a Mediterranean substrate language.

plurima Threiciis nutritur vallibus Hebri

c. 1 CE – 8 CE, Grattius, Carmen venaticum 128–129

Translation by Steven J. Green
Very many a cornel tree is nourished in the Thracian valleys of Hebrus, and there are shady myrtle trees along the shores of Venus

cornus et umbrosae Veneris per litora myrtus

vinum fit et e siliqua Syriaca et e piris malorumque omnibus generibus — sed e Punicis rhoiten vocant — et e cornis, mespilis, sorbis, moris siccis, nucleis pinis. hi musto madidi exprimuntur, superiora per se mitia.
Translation by Rackham, Jones, & Eichholz

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 14.XIX.103

Wine is also made from the Syrian carob, and from pears and all kinds of apples (one from pomegranates is called rhoites) as also from cornels, medlars, service berries, dried mulberries and fir-cones; the last are soaked in must before being pressed, but the juice of the preceding fruits is sweet of itself.

XXIX
100 Acinorum quoque magna est differentia, primum inter uvas ipsas callo, teneritate, crassitudine, interiore ligno aliis parvo et aliis etiam gemino, qui minime feraces musti. plurimum vero differunt hederae sabucique acini, et figura etiam Punici, angulosi quippe soli. nec cutis ulla singulis praeter communem quae est candida. totisque sucus et caro est, iis praecipue quibus parvolum inest ligni.
101 magna et bacis differentia: aliae namque sunt olivis, lauris et alio modo loto, cornis, alio myrtis, lentisco. aquifolio enim spinae sine suco, medioque etiamnum genere inter bacas acinosasque cerasis. pompu iis primo candidum et fere omnibus bacis; mox aliis virescit, ut olivis, lauris, rubet vero moris, cerasis, cornis. dein nigrescit moris, cerasis, olivis.
XXX
102 Cerasi ante victoriam Mithridaticam L. Luculli non fuere in Italia, ad urbis annum DCLXXX. is primum invexit e Ponto, annisque CXX trans oceanum in Britanniam usque pervenere; eadem [ut diximus] in Aegypto nulla cura potuere gigni. cerasorum Aproniana maxime rubent, nigerrima sunt Lutatia, Caeciliana vero et rotunda.
103 Iunianis gratus sapor, sed paene tantum sub arbore sua, adeo teneris, ut gestatum non tolerent. principatus duracinis quae Pliniana Campania appellat, in Belgica vero Lusitanis, in ripis etiam Rheni. tertius iis colos e nigro ac rubenti viridique, similis maturescentibus semper.
104 minus quinquennium est quod prodiere quae vocant laurea, non ingratae amaritudinis, insitae in lauru. sunt et Macedonica, parvae arboris raroque tria cubita excedentis, et minore etiamnum frutice chamaecerasi. inter prima hoc e pomis colono gratiam annuam refert. septentrione frigidisque gaudet, siccatur etiam sole conditurque ut oliva cadis.
XXXI
105 quae cura et cornis atque etiam lentisco adhibetur. ne quid non hominis ventri natum esse videatur, miscentur sapores et alio alius placere cogitur; miscentur vero et terrae caelique tractus: in alio cibi genere India advocatur, in alio Aegyptus, Creta, Cyrene singulaeque terrae. nec cessat in veneficiis vita, dum modo omnia devoret. planius hoc fiet in herbarum natura.
XXXII
106 Interim quae sunt communia et pomis omnibusque sucis saporum genera XIII reperiuntur: dulcis, suavis, pinguis, amarus, austerus, acer, acutus, acerbus, acidus, salsus. praeter haec tria sunt genera mirabili maxime natura: unum in quo plures pariter sentiuntur sapores, ut vinis; namque in iis et austerus et acutus et dulcis et suavis, omnes alieni.
107 alterum est genus in quo sit et alienus quidem, sed et suus quidam ac peculiaris, ut in lacte; si quidem inest ei quod tamen iure dici dulce et pingue et suave non possit, optinente lenitate, quae ipsa succedit in saporis vicem.
108 nullus hic aquis nec sucus, ut tamen eo ipso fiat aliquis ac suum genus faciat. sentiri quidem aquae saporem ullum sucumve vitum est. magnum his omnibus in odore momentum et magna cognatio; qui et ipse nullus est aquis aut, si sentitur omnino, vitium est. mirum tria naturae praecipua elementa sine sapore esse, sine odore, sine suco: aquas, aëra, ignes.
XXXIII
109 Ergo sucorum vinosi piro, moro, myrto, minime, quod miremur, uvis; pingues olivae, lauro, nuci iuglandi, amygdalis; dulces uvis, ficis, palmis; aquosus prunis. magna differentia et in colore suci: sanguineus moris, cerasis, cornis, uvis nigris; idem albis candidus, lacteus in capite ficis, in corpore non item, spumeus malis, nullus Persicis, cum praesertim duracina suco abundent. sed quis eius ullum dixerit colorem?
110 sua et in odore miracula: malis acutus, Persicis dilutus, dulcibus nullus. nam et vinum tale sine odore, tenue odoratius multoque celerius talia ad usum veniunt quam pinguia. quae odorata, non eadem in gustu tenera, quia non sunt pariter odor et sapor. quam ob rem citreis odor acerrimus, sapor asperrimus, quadamtenus et cotoneis, nullusque odor ficis.
Translation by Rackham, Jones, & Eichholz

c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 15.XXIX–XXXIII

XXIX. There is also a great difference among the acinus classto begin with, between grapes themselves, which vary in respect of firmness, thinness or thickness of skin and the stone inside, which in some is specially small and in others actually double, the latter producing extremely little juice. Again, the berries of the ivy and the elder are very widely different, and the pomegranate differs greatly in shape also, being the only fruit that has corners; and there is no membrane for each separate grain, but only one wrapping for them all in common, which is white in colour. And these fruits consist entirely of juice and flesh, particularly the ones which contain only a small amount of woody substance.
There is also a great variety among the berries of the baca kind, those of the olive and the laurel being different, and that of the lotus differing in structure from that of the cornel and that of the myrtle from that of the lentisk; indeed the berries of the holly and the may contain no juice; and moreover the cherry forms a class intermediate between the baca kind of berries and the acinus kind: its fruit is at first white, as is that of almost all the bacae. At a later stage with some the berry turns green, e.g. the olive and the laurel; but in the case of the mulberry, the cherry and the cornel it changes to red, and then with the mulberry, cherry and olive it turns black.
XXX. Before the victory of Lucius Lucullus in the war against Mithridates, that is down to 74 BC., there were no cherry-trees in Italy. Lucullus first imported them from Pontus, and in 120 years they have crossed the ocean and got as far as Britain; but all the same no attention has succeeded in getting them to grow in Egypt. Of cherries the Apronian are the reddest, and the Lutatian the blackest, while the Caecilian kind are perfectly round. The Junian cherry has an agreeable flavour but practically only if eaten under the tree on which it grows, as it is so delicate that it does not stand carriage. The highest rank, however, belongs to the bigaroon cherry called by the Campanians the Plinian cherry, but in Belgium to the Lusitanian, and so also on the banks of the Rhine. This cherry has a third kind of colour, a blend of black, bright red and green, which looks as if the fruit were always not quite ripe. It is less than five years ago that what is called the laurel-cherry was introduced, which has a not disagreeable bitter flavour, and is produced by grafting a cherry on a bay-tree. There are also Macedonian cherries, grown on a tree of small size and rarely exceeding four and half feet in height, and ground-cherries, with a still smaller bush. The cherry is one of the earliest fruits to repay its yearly gratitude to the farmer. It likes a north aspect and cold conditions; moreover it can be dried in the sun and stored in casks like olives.
XXXI. The same amount of care is also bestowed on the cornel, and even on the lentisk. So that nothing may not appear to have come into existence for the sake of man's appetite, flavours are blended and different ones are forced to gratify different persons; indeed even the regions of the earth and of the sky are blended: in one kind of food the aid of India is invoked, in another that of Egypt, Crete, Cyrene and every land in turn. Nor does our regimen stick at poisons, if only it may devour everything. This will become clearer when we come to the nature of herbaceous plants.
XXXII. In the meantime we find that there are ten kinds of flavours that belong in common to the fruits and to all their juices; sweet, luscious, unctuous, bitter, rough, acrid, sham, harsh, acid and salt. Beside these there are three other flavours of a particularly remarkable nature: (1) one in which several tastes are discerned simultaneously, as in winesfor they contain both a rough and a sham and a sweet and a luscious taste, all of them different from each other; (2) another kind is that which contains both the flavour of something else and one that is its own and peculiar to itself, for instance milkinasmuch as milk contains a something which nevertheless cannot rightly be called sweet or unctuous or luscious, being possessed by a smoothness which of itself takes the place of a flavour; (3) water has no flavour at all and no flavouring constituent, yet still this very fact gives it some taste and makes it form a class of its own: at all events for water to have any perceptible taste or flavour is a defect. In all these flavours smell is of great importance and a great factor of affinity; in the case of water even smell is entirely absent, or if perceptible at all is a defect. It is a remarkable fact that the three chief natural elements, water, air and fire, have neither taste, smell, nor any flavour whatever.
XXXIII. Among juices, then, those with a vinous and flavour are the juices of the pear, the mulberry and the myrtle-berry, and surprising as it may seem, the juice of the grape least of all. The juice of the olive, laurel, walnut and almond is unctuous, that of grapes, figs and dates is sweet, and that of plums watery. There is also a great difference in the colour of juice: that of the mulberry, the cherry, the cornel and the black grape is blood-red; the juice of white grapes is of a light colour; fig juice is milky white in the part near the stalk but not in the body of the fruit; apple juice is the colour of foam; peach juice has no colour at all, in spite of the. fact that the hard peach has a large quantity of juice, but no one would say that this has any colour.
Smell also contains its own marvels. Apples have a pungent scent, peaches a weak one, and sweet fruits none at all; for even sweet wine has no smell, although thin wine has more aroma, and wines of that class become fit for use much sooner than those with more body. Fruits with a scent are not likewise agreeable to the palate, as scent and flavour do not go togetherso that citrons have a very penetrating smell and a very rough taste, and in some degree that is the case with quinces also; and figs have no smell.


wiśnia

pl-noun

wiśnia f (diminutive wisienka, related adjective wiśniowy)

wisienka (diminutive)
wiśniowy (adjective)
wiśnia (nominative singular)
wiśnie (nominative plural)
wiśni (genitive singular)
wiśni (genitive plural)
wiśni (dative singular)
wiśniom (dative plural)
wiśnię (accusative singular)
wiśnie (accusative plural)
wiśnią (instrumental singular)
wiśniami (instrumental plural)
wiśni (locative singular)
wiśniach (locative plural)
wiśnio (singular vocative)
wiśnie (plural vocative)

Prunus cerasus
Prunus cerasus#Translingual


czereśnia

czereśnia f (related adjective czereśniowy)

czereśniowy (adjective)
czereśnia (nominative singular)
czereśnie (nominative plural)
czereśni (genitive singular)
czereśni (genitive plural)
czereśni (dative singular)
czereśniom (dative plural)
czereśnię (accusative singular)
czereśnie (accusative plural)
czereśnią (instrumental singular)
czereśniami (instrumental plural)
czereśni (locative singular)
czereśniach (locative plural)
czereśnio (singular vocative)
czereśnie (plural vocative)

/t͡ʂɛˈrɛɕ.ɲa/

Borrowed from Ukrainian чере́шня (čeréšnja). Displaced Old Polish czrześnia. Doublet of trześnia.

bor+

sweet cherry, wild cherry, gean, mazzard (Prunus avium)


grejpfrut

grejpfrut (nominative singular)
grejpfruty (nominative plural)
grejpfruta (genitive singular)
grejpfrutów (genitive plural)
grejpfrutowi (dative singular)
grejpfrutom (dative plural)
grejpfrut (accusative singular)
grejpfruty (accusative plural)
grejpfrutem (instrumental singular)
grejpfrutami (instrumental plural)
grejpfrucie (locative singular)
grejpfrutach (locative plural)
grejpfrucie (singular vocative)
grejpfruty (plural vocative)


grejpfrut

sh-noun

grèjpfrut m (Cyrillic spelling грѐјпфрут)

grèjpfrut (canonical masculine)
грѐјпфрут (Cyrillic)
grejpfrut (nominative singular)
grejpfruti (nominative plural)
grejpfruta (genitive singular)
grejpfruta (genitive plural)
grejpfrutu (dative singular)
grejpfrutima (dative plural)
grejpfrut (accusative singular)
grejpfrute (accusative plural)
grejpfrute (singular vocative)
grejpfruti (plural vocative)
grejpfrutu (locative singular)
grejpfrutima (locative plural)
grejpfrutom (instrumental singular)
grejpfrutima (instrumental plural)


babér

babérok (plural)
babér (nominative singular)
babérok (nominative plural)
babért (accusative singular)
babérokat (accusative plural)
babérnak (dative singular)
babéroknak (dative plural)
babérral (instrumental singular)
babérokkal (instrumental plural)
babérért (causal-final singular)
babérokért (causal-final plural)
babérrá (singular translative)
babérokká (plural translative)
babérig (singular terminative)
babérokig (plural terminative)
babérként (essive-formal singular)
babérokként (essive-formal plural)
babérban (inessive singular)
babérokban (inessive plural)
babéron (singular superessive)
babérokon (plural superessive)
babérnál (adessive singular)
babéroknál (adessive plural)
babérba (illative singular)
babérokba (illative plural)
babérra (singular sublative)
babérokra (plural sublative)
babérhoz (allative singular)
babérokhoz (allative plural)
babérból (elative singular)
babérokból (elative plural)
babérról (delative singular)
babérokról (delative plural)
babértól (ablative singular)
babéroktól (ablative plural)
babéré (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
babéroké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
babéréi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
babérokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
babérom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
babérjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
babérod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
babérjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
babérja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
babérjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
babérunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
babérjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
babérotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
babérjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
babérjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
babérjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


mandarynka

mandarynka (nominative singular)
mandarynki (nominative plural)
mandarynki (genitive singular)
mandarynek (genitive plural)
mandarynce (dative singular)
mandarynkom (dative plural)
mandarynkę (accusative singular)
mandarynki (accusative plural)
mandarynką (instrumental singular)
mandarynkami (instrumental plural)
mandarynce (locative singular)
mandarynkach (locative plural)
mandarynko (singular vocative)
mandarynki (plural vocative)

From French mandarine + -ka, from Portuguese mandarim, from Malay menteri, manteri, from Hindi मन्त्रि (mantri), from Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin), from मन्त्र (mantra) + -इन् (-in). Doublet of mandaryn.


saarni

saarni (nominative singular)
saarnet (nominative plural)
saarnen (genitive singular)
saarniin (genitive plural)
saarniloin (genitive plural)
saarnia (partitive singular)
saarnija (partitive plural)
saarniloja (partitive plural)
saarnee (illative singular)
saarnii (illative plural)
saarniloihe (illative plural)
saarnees (inessive singular)
saarniis (inessive plural)
saarnilois (inessive plural)
saarnest (elative singular)
saarnist (elative plural)
saarniloist (elative plural)
saarnelle (allative singular)
saarnille (allative plural)
saarniloille (allative plural)
saarneel (adessive singular)
saarniil (adessive plural)
saarniloil (adessive plural)
saarnelt (ablative singular)
saarnilt (ablative plural)
saarniloilt (ablative plural)
saarneks (singular translative)
saarniks (plural translative)
saarniloiks (plural translative)
saarnenna (essive singular)
saarneen (essive singular)
saarninna (essive plural)
saarniloinna (essive plural)
saarniin (essive plural)
saarniloin (essive plural)
saarnent (exessive singular)
saarnint (exessive plural)
saarniloint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *sarni. Cognates include Finnish saarni and Estonian saar.

Korjata ja katsoa lentäviä plodikkoja, vaaherian, niinin, saarnen, koivun, maitokukan, ja ohtajaisen seemeniä.

1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. J. Molotsova, Loonnontiito oppikirja alkușkoulua vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 108:

To gather and inspect the flying fruits, maple's, linden's, ash's, birche's, dandelion, and thistle's seeds.


naparstnica

naparstnica (nominative singular)
naparstnice (nominative plural)
naparstnicy (genitive singular)
naparstnic (genitive plural)
naparstnicy (dative singular)
naparstnicom (dative plural)
naparstnicę (accusative singular)
naparstnice (accusative plural)
naparstnicą (instrumental singular)
naparstnicami (instrumental plural)
naparstnicy (locative singular)
naparstnicach (locative plural)
naparstnico (singular vocative)
naparstnice (plural vocative)

foxglove, any plant of the genus Digitalis


lnica

lnica (nominative singular)
lnice (nominative plural)
lnicy (genitive singular)
lnic (genitive plural)
lnicy (dative singular)
lnicom (dative plural)
lnicę (accusative singular)
lnice (accusative plural)
lnicą (instrumental singular)
lnicami (instrumental plural)
lnicy (locative singular)
lnicach (locative plural)
lnico (singular vocative)
lnice (plural vocative)

toadflax, any plant of the genus Linaria


przetacznik

przetacznik (nominative singular)
przetaczniki (nominative plural)
przetacznika (genitive singular)
przetaczników (genitive plural)
przetacznikowi (dative singular)
przetacznikom (dative plural)
przetacznik (accusative singular)
przetaczniki (accusative plural)
przetacznikiem (instrumental singular)
przetacznikami (instrumental plural)
przetaczniku (locative singular)
przetacznikach (locative plural)
przetaczniku (singular vocative)
przetaczniki (plural vocative)

veronica, speedwell, gypsyweed (any plant of the genus Veronica)


igła

igiełka (diminutive)
igła (nominative singular)
igły (nominative plural)
igły (genitive singular)
igieł (genitive plural)
igle (dative singular)
igłom (dative plural)
igłę (accusative singular)
igły (accusative plural)
igłą (instrumental singular)
igłami (instrumental plural)
igle (locative singular)
igłach (locative plural)
igło (singular vocative)
igły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьgъla. By surface analysis, Old Polish igo (“yoke”) + -ła.


morello

May be connected to ἀμαυρός (amaurós, “dark, dim, faint”), compare Polish chmura (“dark cloud, darken”).

A variety of cultivated cherry, Prunus cerasus var. austera, having a dark skin


bób

bób (nominative singular)
boby (nominative plural)
bobu (genitive singular)
bobów (genitive plural)
bobowi (dative singular)
bobom (dative plural)
bób (accusative singular)
boby (accusative plural)
bobem (instrumental singular)
bobami (instrumental plural)
bobie (locative singular)
bobach (locative plural)
bobie (singular vocative)
boby (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish bób, from Proto-Slavic *bobъ. Cognate with Czech bob, Bulgarian боб (bob), and Russian боб (bob). More distantly related with Hungarian bab, Romanian bob, Yiddish באָב (bob), and Finnish papu.

łodyga bobu

nasiona bobu

strąki bobu

ziarna bobu

pole bobu

rośliny bobu

uprawa bobu

gotowany bób

pieczony bób

prażony bób

woreczek bobu

kotlety z bobu

pasta z bobu

sałatka z bobu

zupa z bobu

pierogi z bobem

zupa z bobem

żurek z bobem

puszka po bobie

zapiekany z bobem

(countable and uncountable) broad bean, horse bean, fava bean


kasztan

pl-noun

kasztan m inan (related adjective kasztanowy)

kasztanowy (adjective)
kasztan (nominative singular)
kasztany (nominative plural)
kasztanu (genitive singular)
kasztanów (genitive plural)
kasztanowi (dative singular)
kasztanom (dative plural)
kasztan (accusative singular)
kasztany (accusative plural)
kasztanem (instrumental singular)
kasztanami (instrumental plural)
kasztanie (locative singular)
kasztanach (locative plural)
kasztanie (singular vocative)
kasztany (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin castanea. Doublet of szatyn.

(countable) chestnut, chestnut tree (any tree of the genus Castanea)


山梨

山梨 (canonical)
山梨 (canonical)
yamanashi (romanization)

Daijirin
Pyrus pyrifolia
Yamanashi
ja:ヤマナシ
ja:山梨

Compound of 山 (yama, “mountain”) + 梨 (nashi, “pear”).

compound

Pyrus pyrifolia
Pyrus pyrifolia#Translingual

Pyrus pyrifolia, especially P. p. var. pyrifolia: nashi pear, sand pear, Asian pear, apple pear


Dutchman's pipe

en-noun

Dutchman's pipe (plural Dutchman's pipes)


skalnica

skalnica (nominative singular)
skalnice (nominative plural)
skalnicy (genitive singular)
skalnic (genitive plural)
skalnicy (dative singular)
skalnicom (dative plural)
skalnicę (accusative singular)
skalnice (accusative plural)
skalnicą (instrumental singular)
skalnicami (instrumental plural)
skalnicy (locative singular)
skalnicach (locative plural)
skalnico (singular vocative)
skalnice (plural vocative)

saxifrage, any plant of the genus Saxifraga


szałwia

szałwia (nominative singular)
szałwie (nominative plural)
szałwii (genitive singular)
szałwi (genitive singular)
szałwii (genitive plural)
szałwi (genitive plural)
szałwii (dative singular)
szałwi (dative singular)
szałwiom (dative plural)
szałwię (accusative singular)
szałwie (accusative plural)
szałwią (instrumental singular)
szałwiami (instrumental plural)
szałwii (locative singular)
szałwi (locative singular)
szałwiach (locative plural)
szałwio (singular vocative)
szałwie (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: שאַלוויִע (shalvie)

Learned borrowing from Latin salvia, from salvus.


dziewanna

dziewanna (nominative singular)
dziewanny (nominative plural)
dziewanny (genitive singular)
dziewann (genitive plural)
dziewannie (dative singular)
dziewannom (dative plural)
dziewannę (accusative singular)
dziewanny (accusative plural)
dziewanną (instrumental singular)
dziewannami (instrumental plural)
dziewannie (locative singular)
dziewannach (locative plural)
dziewanno (singular vocative)
dziewanny (plural vocative)

mullein, any plant of the genus Verbascum


sterculia

Any of a number of tropical trees and shrubs, of the genus Sterculia, many of which bear commercially important, oil-rich seeds


نارنگ

head

نارنگ • (nârang)

fa-noun

نارنگ • (nârang)

desctree

→ Arabic: نَارَنْج (nāranj)
→⇒ Byzantine Greek: νεράντζιον (nerántzion), νεράντζιν (nerántzin), νεράντζι (nerántzi), νεράτζι (nerátzi), ἐράντζι (erántzi)
Greek: νεράντζι (nerántzi), νεράτζι (nerátzi)
Pontic Greek: νεράντζιν (nerántzin), αναράντζιν (anarántzin), ανάραντζιν (anárantzin), αναράντζ' (anarántz') — Trapezounta, αραράντζι (ararántzi), νεράντζι (nerántzi) — Oinoe
→ Laz: არანძი (aranżi), არარანცი (araranʒi) — Khopa, ანძი (anżi) — Vitse
→ Middle Armenian: նարանճ (naranč)
→ Classical Persian: نَارَنْج (nāranj)
→ Azerbaijani: narınc
→ Gujarati: નારંજ (nārañj)
→ Middle Armenian: նարինջ (narinǰ)
Armenian: նարինջ (narinǰ)
→ Portuguese: laranja
→ Spanish: naranja
→ Alcozauca Mixtec: láxa
→ Guaraní: narã
→ Italian: narancia
→ Hungarian: narancs
⇒ Italian: arancia
→ Old Occitan: auranja
Occitan: irange
→ Old French: orenge, orange
Middle French: orange, orenge
French: orange (see there for further descendants)
→ Middle English: orenge, arange, araunge, orange, orynge
English: orange
→ Esperanto: oranĝo
→ Japanese: オレンジ (orenji)
→ Kashubian: orendż (Canada, United States)
→ Korean: 오렌지 (orenji)
→ Makah: ʔo·linčas
→ Malay: oren
→ Marshallese: oran
Scots: orange, oranger
Norman: orange
→ Southeastern Tepehuan: naraankas
→ Tagalog: narangha
→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: alöxöx
→ Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl: naranja
→ Ottoman Turkish: نارنج (narenc, narenç)
Turkish: narenc
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Latin script: nàrānča, nàrāndža
Cyrillic script: на̀ра̄нча, на̀ра̄нџа

[nɒː.ɹǽŋɡʲ̥]

From Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga, “orange tree”).


stringybark

Two of the younger men carried him there on a stretcher of stringybark.

1974, Thea Astley, A Kindness Cup, Text Classics, published 2018, page 54:

Any of a number of Australian eucalyptus trees with fibrous bark, or the wood or bark of such trees.


槐樹

Styphnolobium japonicum
Styphnolobium japonicum#Translingual


馬酔木

ja-noun

馬酔木(あせび) or 馬酔木(アセビ) • (asebi)

馬酔木 (canonical)
ashibi (romanization)
馬酔木 (canonical)
ashimi (romanization)
馬酔木 (canonical)
asemi (romanization)
馬酔木 (canonical)
asemo (romanization)
馬酔木 (canonical)
asebo (romanization)
馬酔木 (canonical)
asebu (romanization)
馬酔木 (canonical)
馬酔木 (canonical)
asebi (romanization)

The original kun'yomi pronunciation of this word was ashibi, now considered a variant reading.
The leaves of the plant were known to intoxicate horses when eaten, causing horses to stumble and become weak in the legs. As such, this word is most likely a contraction of 足癈 (ashijihi, “numbness in the feet/legs”).
The kanji means literally "horse intoxicating tree".

Pieris japonica
Pieris japonica#Translingual

Pieris japonica: Japanese andromeda, a flowering shrub native to Japan


馬酔木

馬酔木 (canonical)
basuiboku (romanization)


altea

Borrowed from Spanish altea, from Latin althaea, from Ancient Greek ἀλθαία (althaía, “marshmallow”).

der

Althaea officinalis
Althaea officinalis#Translingual

Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus#Translingual


altea

Borrowed from Latin althaea, from Ancient Greek ἀλθαία (althaía, “marshmallow, Althaea officinalis”), from ἀλθαίνω (althaínō, “to heal”).


perico

gl-adj

perico (feminine perica, masculine plural pericos, feminine plural pericas)

perica (feminine)
pericos (masculine plural)
pericas (feminine plural)

Probably from Perico, a diminutive of the personal name Pedro (“Peter”)


perico

gl-noun

perico m (plural pericos, feminine perica, feminine plural pericas)

pericos (plural)
perica (feminine)
pericas (feminine plural)


tornillo

Borrowed from Spanish tornillo (“screw”).

bor+

A small tree, Prosopis pubescens, native to Mexico and parts of the United States that has spirally twisted pods; the screwbean


κέδρος

grc-noun

κέδρος • (kédros) f (genitive κέδρου); second declension

kédros (romanization)
κέδρου (genitive)
ἡ κέδρος (nominative singular)
τὼ κέδρω (dual nominative)
αἱ κέδροι (nominative plural)
τῆς κέδρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κέδροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κέδρων (genitive plural)
τῇ κέδρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κέδροιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κέδροις (dative plural)
τὴν κέδρον (accusative singular)
τὼ κέδρω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κέδρους (accusative plural)
κέδρε (singular vocative)
κέδρω (dual vocative)
κέδροι (plural vocative)

Greek: κέδρος (kédros)

→ Latin: cedrus (see there for further descendants)

→? Latin: citrus (possibly, via Etruscan) (see there for further descendants)

Unknown. Perhaps a Mediterranean Pre-Greek borrowing, maybe the same word as Arabic قَطْرَان (qaṭrān, “resin, tar”) and related to Akkadian 𒌑𒆐𒊏𒀀𒉡 (^(U₂)qat₆-ra-a-nu /qatrānu/, “cedar resin”), particularly considering the region to which the genus Cedrus is native. Compare also قَطَر (qaṭar, “Qatar”) and its root related to the dribbling of resins, secretions, and other aromatic resinous woods like agarwood. Note also Old Armenian ցիրդ (cʻird).


κριός

grc-noun

κρῑός • (krīós) m (genitive κρῑοῦ); second declension

κρῑός (canonical)
krīós (romanization)
κρῑοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κρῑός (nominative singular)
τὼ κρῑώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κρῑοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρῑοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρῑοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρῑῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κρῑῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρῑοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρῑοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κρῑόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κρῑώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρῑούς (accusative plural)
κρῑέ (singular vocative)
κρῑώ (dual vocative)
κρῑοί (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Traditionally connected with κέρας (kéras, “horn”). The chickpea meaning possibly relates to Latin cicer (“chickpea”), Old Armenian սիսեռն (siseṙn, “chickpea”). Beekes argues for an original meaning of “curved”, comparing Lithuanian kreivas, Old East Slavic кривъ (krivŭ).


ὄροβος

grc-noun

ὄροβος • (órobos) m (genitive ὀρόβου); second declension

órobos (romanization)
ὀρόβου (genitive)
ὁ ὄροβος (nominative singular)
τὼ ὀρόβω (dual nominative)
οἱ ὄροβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ὀρόβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ὀρόβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ὀρόβων (genitive plural)
τῷ ὀρόβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ὀρόβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ὀρόβοις (dative plural)
τὸν ὄροβον (accusative singular)
τὼ ὀρόβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ὀρόβους (accusative plural)
ὄροβε (singular vocative)
ὀρόβω (dual vocative)
ὄροβοι (plural vocative)

Probably a Mediterranean substrate borrowing, and likely related to ἐρέβινθος (erébinthos, “chickpea”). Compare Proto-Germanic *arwīts, Latin ervum.

Vicia ervilia
Vicia ervilia#Translingual


Fenchel

de-noun

Fenchel m (strong, genitive Fenchels, plural Fenchel, diminutive Fenchelchen n)

Fenchels (genitive)
Fenchel (plural)
Fenchelchen (diminutive neuter)
Fenchel (nominative singular)
Fenchel (definite nominative plural)
Fenchels (genitive singular)
Fenchel (definite genitive plural)
Fenchel (dative singular)
Fencheln (dative definite plural)
Fenchel (accusative singular)
Fenchel (accusative definite plural)

→ Russian: фе́нхель (fénxelʹ)

→ Ukrainian: фе́нхель (fénxelʹ)

→ Yiddish: פֿענכל (fenkhl)


κράταιγος

grc-noun

κρᾰ́ταιγος • (krátaigos) m (genitive κρᾰταίγου); second declension

κρᾰ́ταιγος (canonical)
krátaigos (romanization)
κρᾰταίγου (genitive)
ὁ κρᾰ́ταιγος (nominative singular)
τὼ κρᾰταίγω (dual nominative)
οἱ κρᾰ́ταιγοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρᾰταίγου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρᾰταίγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρᾰταίγων (genitive plural)
τῷ κρᾰταίγῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρᾰταίγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρᾰταίγοις (dative plural)
τὸν κρᾰ́ταιγον (accusative singular)
τὼ κρᾰταίγω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρᾰταίγους (accusative plural)
κρᾰ́ταιγε (singular vocative)
κρᾰταίγω (dual vocative)
κρᾰ́ταιγοι (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Perhaps from κρᾰτῠ́ς (kratús, “strong, mighty”) + the same αἰγ- (aig-) of αἰγίλωψ (aigílōps).

Crataegus heldreichii
Crataegus heldreichii#Translingual


ἄσπρις

ἄσπρῐς • (áspris) f (genitive ἄσπρῐδος); third declension

ἄσπρῐς (canonical)
áspris (romanization)
ἄσπρῐδος (genitive)
ἡ ἄσπρῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἄσπρῐδε (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄσπρῐδες (nominative plural)
τῆς ἄσπρῐδος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀσπρῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀσπρῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἄσπρῐδῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀσπρῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἄσπρῐσῐ (dative plural)
ἄσπρῐσῐν (dative plural)
taîs ásprisi (dative plural)
taîs ásprisin (dative plural)
τὴν ἄσπρῐδᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἄσπρῐδε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἄσπρῐδᾰς (accusative plural)
ἄσπρῐς (singular vocative)
ἄσπρῐδε (dual vocative)
ἄσπρῐδες (plural vocative)

Unclear. Could be related to Old High German aspa, but the connection is problematic.

Quercus cerris
Quercus cerris#Translingual


αἰγίλωψ

αἰγῐ́λωψ • (aigílōps) m (genitive αἰγῐ́λωπος); third declension

αἰγῐ́λωψ (canonical)
aigílōps (romanization)
αἰγῐ́λωπος (genitive)
ὁ αἰγῐ́λωψ (nominative singular)
τὼ αἰγῐ́λωπε (dual nominative)
οἱ αἰγῐ́λωπες (nominative plural)
τοῦ αἰγῐ́λωπος (genitive singular)
τοῖν αἰγῐλώποιν (dual genitive)
τῶν αἰγῐλώπων (genitive plural)
τῷ αἰγῐ́λωπῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν αἰγῐλώποιν (dative dual)
τοῖς αἰγῐ́λωψῐ (dative plural)
αἰγῐ́λωψῐν (dative plural)
toîs aigílōpsi (dative plural)
toîs aigílōpsin (dative plural)
τὸν αἰγῐ́λωπᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ αἰγῐ́λωπε (accusative dual)
τοὺς αἰγῐ́λωπᾰς (accusative plural)
αἰγῐ́λωψ (singular vocative)
αἰγῐ́λωπε (dual vocative)
αἰγῐ́λωπες (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: aegilōps m, aegilōpa f (Medieval form)
→ Translingual: Aegilops
→ English: aegilops
→ French: égilope

Unclear.
# The oak sense has been argued to retain a Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”) whence Proto-Germanic *aiks (“oak”) and Latin aesculus (“some oak”).
# However, the haver-grass sense has been argued to derive from αἴγιλος (aígilos, “haver-grass”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“goat”) (whence αἴξ (aíx)).
# For the lachrymal fistula sense, see also ἀγχίλωψ (ankhílōps).

unk

Unclear

Turkey oak (Quercus cerris) or valonia oak (Quercus ithaburensis subsp. macrolepis)


ἄρκευθος

grc-noun

ἄρκευθος • (árkeuthos) f (genitive ἀρκεύθου); second declension

árkeuthos (romanization)
ἀρκεύθου (genitive)
ἡ ἄρκευθος (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀρκεύθω (dual nominative)
αἱ ἄρκευθοι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀρκεύθου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀρκεύθοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀρκεύθων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀρκεύθῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀρκεύθοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀρκεύθοις (dative plural)
τὴν ἄρκευθον (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀρκεύθω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀρκεύθους (accusative plural)
ἄρκευθε (singular vocative)
ἀρκεύθω (dual vocative)
ἄρκευθοι (plural vocative)

Unclear. Has been derived from ἄρκυς (árkus, “net”). Has also been derived from Proto-Indo-European, with cognates such as Russian раки́та (rakíta). Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, comparing the Hesychian gloss ἄργετος (árgetos, “juniper”).

Juniperus phoenicea
Juniperus phoenicea#Translingual

Juniperus oxycedrus
Juniperus oxycedrus#Translingual


olsza

olsza (nominative singular)
olsze (nominative plural)
olszy (genitive singular)
olszy (genitive plural)
olsz (genitive plural)
olszy (dative singular)
olszom (dative plural)
olszę (accusative singular)
olsze (accusative plural)
olszą (instrumental singular)
olszami (instrumental plural)
olszy (locative singular)
olszach (locative plural)
olszo (singular vocative)
olsze (plural vocative)


jodła

jodełka (diminutive)
jodła (nominative singular)
jodły (nominative plural)
jodły (genitive singular)
jodeł (genitive plural)
jodle (dative singular)
jodłom (dative plural)
jodłę (accusative singular)
jodły (accusative plural)
jodłą (instrumental singular)
jodłami (instrumental plural)
jodle (locative singular)
jodłach (locative plural)
jodło (singular vocative)
jodły (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: יאָדלע (yodle)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jedla, an alternative form of *ȅdlь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *edlis. Compare Czech jedle, Russian ёлка (jólka), Serbo-Croatian jéla.


mopane

A tree, Colophospermum mopane, native to southern Africa.

mopanie

Colophospermum mopanea, a tree of southern Africa


wilga

Geijera parviflora, a small tree or bush found in inland parts of eastern Australia, and grown elsewhere for its drought tolerance and its graceful willow-like weeping form.


modrzew

pl-noun

modrzew m inan (diminutive modrzewik, related adjective modrzewiowy or modrzewowy)

modrzewik (diminutive)
modrzewiowy (adjective)
modrzewowy (adjective)
modrzew (nominative singular)
modrzewie (nominative plural)
modrzewia (genitive singular)
modrzewi (genitive plural)
modrzewiowi (dative singular)
modrzewiom (dative plural)
modrzew (accusative singular)
modrzewie (accusative plural)
modrzewiem (instrumental singular)
modrzewiami (instrumental plural)
modrzewiu (locative singular)
modrzewiach (locative plural)
modrzewiu (singular vocative)
modrzewie (plural vocative)


grzybienie

grzybienie (nominative plural)
grzybieni (genitive plural)
grzybieniom (dative plural)
grzybienie (accusative plural)
grzybieniami (instrumental plural)
grzybieniach (locative plural)
grzybienie (plural vocative)

/ɡʐɘˈbjɛ.ɲɛ/

water lily (any plant of the genus Nymphaea)


sesamo

From Latin sīsamum, variant of sēsama, from Ancient Greek σήσαμον (sḗsamon, “sesame seed”).


aesculus

la-noun

aesculus f (genitive aesculī); second declension

aesculī (genitive)
aesculus (nominative singular)
aesculī (nominative plural)
aesculī (genitive singular)
aesculōrum (genitive plural)
aesculō (dative singular)
aesculīs (dative plural)
aesculum (accusative singular)
aesculōs (accusative plural)
aesculō (ablative singular)
aesculīs (ablative plural)
aescule (singular vocative)
aesculī (plural vocative)

Italian: eschio

Portuguese: ésculo

[ˈäe̯s̠kʊɫ̪ʊs̠]

Etymology unclear. By surface analysis, seemingly a diminutive form ending in -ulus (diminutive suffix).
Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”), or from a Mediterranean substrate, though the presence of a Germanic cognate is surprising. Compare English oak, Lithuanian ąžuolas (“oak”), Albanian enjë (“juniper, yew”), Ancient Greek αἰγίλωψ (aigílōps, “Turkey oak”).

cog

the tallest species of oak, the winter oak or Italian oak (with edible acorns), sacred to Jupiter


platan

Borrowed from Latin platanus; later reborrowed from Middle French platane.

Xerxes strange Lydian love, the Platane tree, / Was lov'd for age, none being so large as shee [...].

A double hill ran up his furrowy forks / Beyond the thick-leaved platans of the vale.

1847, Alfred Tennyson, “(please specify the page number, or |part=Prologue, I to VII, or conclusion)”, in The Princess: A Medley, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:


platan

platan (nominative singular)
platany (nominative plural)
platana (genitive singular)
platanów (genitive plural)
platanowi (dative singular)
platanom (dative plural)
platan (accusative singular)
platany (accusative plural)
platanem (instrumental singular)
platanami (instrumental plural)
platanie (locative singular)
platanach (locative plural)
platanie (singular vocative)
platany (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English plane tree, French platane, German Platane, ultimately from Latin platanus, from Ancient Greek πλάτανος (plátanos).


umbrella pine

The rest of the run is in darkness, past groves of umbrella pines and through rice and maize fields, with glimpses of the Mediterranean on the right, and to the left, the lights of mountain villages; […].

1950 February, “The "Rome Express"”, in Railway Magazine, page 78:


grenivka

grenȋvka (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
grenívka (nominative singular)
grenívki (dual nominative)
grenívke (nominative plural)
grenívke (genitive singular)
grenívk (dual genitive)
grenívk (genitive plural)
grenívki (dative singular)
grenívkama (dative dual)
grenívkam (dative plural)
grenívko (accusative singular)
grenívki (accusative dual)
grenívke (accusative plural)
grenívki (locative singular)
grenívkah (dual locative)
grenívkah (locative plural)
grenívko (instrumental singular)
grenívkama (dual instrumental)
grenívkami (instrumental plural)


catechu

en-noun

catechu (countable and uncountable, plural catechus)

/ˈkæt.əˌt͡ʃuː/

/ˈkæt.əˌʃuː/

Probably a corruption of the Malay kacu.

The pale catechus are usually sweeter and more pleasant for chewing.

1837, Jonathan Pereira, “Lectures on Materia Medica: Lecture LXI”, in London Medical Gazette, volume XX, page 107:

A gummy extract of any of several species of Acacieae, but especially Senegalia catechu, produced by boiling the wood of the tree in water and evaporating the resulting liquid.

খৈৰ

a gummy extract of any of several species of Acacieae


primevère

Inherited from Old French prime vere (“spring”), from Late Latin prīma vēra (“early spring”). So-named because the flower blooms early in spring.


hárs

hársak (plural)
hárs (nominative singular)
hársak (nominative plural)
hársat (accusative singular)
hársakat (accusative plural)
hársnak (dative singular)
hársaknak (dative plural)
hárssal (instrumental singular)
hársakkal (instrumental plural)
hársért (causal-final singular)
hársakért (causal-final plural)
hárssá (singular translative)
hársakká (plural translative)
hársig (singular terminative)
hársakig (plural terminative)
hársként (essive-formal singular)
hársakként (essive-formal plural)
hársban (inessive singular)
hársakban (inessive plural)
hárson (singular superessive)
hársakon (plural superessive)
hársnál (adessive singular)
hársaknál (adessive plural)
hársba (illative singular)
hársakba (illative plural)
hársra (singular sublative)
hársakra (plural sublative)
hárshoz (allative singular)
hársakhoz (allative plural)
hársból (elative singular)
hársakból (elative plural)
hársról (delative singular)
hársakról (delative plural)
hárstól (ablative singular)
hársaktól (ablative plural)
hársé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
hársaké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
hárséi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
hársakéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
hársam (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
hársaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
hársad (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
hársaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
hársa (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
hársai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
hársunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
hársaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
hársatok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
hársaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
hársuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
hársaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


algarrobo

Borrowed from Spanish algarrobo, from algarroba, from Andalusian Arabic الْخَرُّوبَة (al-ḵarrū́ba), from Arabic الْخَرُّوب (al-ḵarrūb).

der

الْخَرُّوبَة


algarrobo

→ English: algarrobo

→ Italian: algarrobo


jesion

pl-noun

jesion m inan (diminutive jesionek, related adjective jesionowy)

jesionek (diminutive)
jesionowy (adjective)
jesion (nominative singular)
jesiony (nominative plural)
jesionu (genitive singular)
jesionów (genitive plural)
jesionowi (dative singular)
jesionom (dative plural)
jesion (accusative singular)
jesiony (accusative plural)
jesionem (instrumental singular)
jesionami (instrumental plural)
jesionie (locative singular)
jesionach (locative plural)
jesionie (singular vocative)
jesiony (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *àsenь, *àsenъ, with the Old Polish dialectal change ja- → je-. Although today this change is confined to northern Masovia, the form jesion dominates everywhere, except in most of Lesser Poland, and is, along with its derivatives, the only word with this change that has made its way to the literary language.

inh+

ash, ash tree (any tree of the genus Fraxinus)


beechen

From Middle English bechen, from Old English bēċen (“made of beechwood, beechen”), Proto-West Germanic *bōkīn, equivalent to beech + -en. Cognate with Dutch beuken (“beechen”).

inh

Now withered lay the hemlock-sheaves,
And one by one with sighing sound
Whispering fell the beechen leaves
In the wintry woodland wavering.

1988, J.R.R. Tolkien, Song of Beren and Lúthien:

Consisting or made of the wood or bark of the beech tree.

beuken

consisting, or made, of wood or bark of the beech


desi

There are two types of chickpea, desi (small seeded, angular and coloured) and kabuli (large seeded, ram-shaped and beige coloured). No precise information is available about the division of the 11 million hectares under chickpea between desis and kabulis, but an approximation is that more than 85 per cent of the area is covered with the desis type and the rest with kabuli.

1984, J.R. Witcombe, Genetic Resources and Their Exploitation:

These lighter coloured desis are now generally favoured by most markets as they look fresher, despite the majority of desis still ending up dehulled.

2007, Shyam S. Yadav, Chickpea Breeding and Management, page 568:

A particular variety of cultivated chickpea.


万作

万作 (canonical)
万作 (canonical)
mansaku (romanization)

witch hazel; Hamamelis mollis; Hamamelis japonica


witch hazel

en-noun

witch hazel (countable and uncountable, plural witch hazels)

See Middle English wiche, from Old English wiċe (“pliant, bendable, weak”). Folk etymology refers to use by witches and other sorcerers of folkish magic using the plant in potions; however, compare German Zaubernuss (“witch hazel, literally 'magic nut'”).

cog

Hamamelis virginiana
Hamamelis virginiana#Translingual

(countable) Any of several small deciduous trees, of the genus Hamamelis, having yellow flowers

(US) Hamamelis virginiana (eastern North America)


épicéa

Borrowed from Latin picea. Doublet of pesse.


afal

afalau (plural)
afal
hafal (prothesis-h)

PIE word
 *h₂ébōl
From Middle Welsh aual, from Proto-Brythonic *aβal, from Proto-Celtic *abūl, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl. Cognate with Breton aval, Cornish aval, Irish úll, Manx ooyl, Scottish Gaelic ubhal and English apple (as well as Avalon).


çam

head

çam (definite accusative çamı, plural çamlar)

çamı (accusative definite)
çamlar (plural)
çam (nominative singular)
çamlar (nominative plural)
çamı (accusative definite singular)
çamları (accusative definite plural)
çama (dative singular)
çamlara (dative plural)
çamda (locative singular)
çamlarda (locative plural)
çamdan (ablative singular)
çamlardan (ablative plural)
çamın (genitive singular)
çamların (genitive plural)


fenyő

fenyők (plural)
fenyő (nominative singular)
fenyők (nominative plural)
fenyőt (accusative singular)
fenyőket (accusative plural)
fenyőnek (dative singular)
fenyőknek (dative plural)
fenyővel (instrumental singular)
fenyőkkel (instrumental plural)
fenyőért (causal-final singular)
fenyőkért (causal-final plural)
fenyővé (singular translative)
fenyőkké (plural translative)
fenyőig (singular terminative)
fenyőkig (plural terminative)
fenyőként (essive-formal singular)
fenyőkként (essive-formal plural)
fenyőben (inessive singular)
fenyőkben (inessive plural)
fenyőn (singular superessive)
fenyőkön (plural superessive)
fenyőnél (adessive singular)
fenyőknél (adessive plural)
fenyőbe (illative singular)
fenyőkbe (illative plural)
fenyőre (singular sublative)
fenyőkre (plural sublative)
fenyőhöz (allative singular)
fenyőkhöz (allative plural)
fenyőből (elative singular)
fenyőkből (elative plural)
fenyőről (delative singular)
fenyőkről (delative plural)
fenyőtől (ablative singular)
fenyőktől (ablative plural)
fenyőé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
fenyőké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
fenyőéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
fenyőkéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
fenyőm (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
fenyőim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
fenyőd (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
fenyőid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
fenyője (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
fenyői (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
fenyőnk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
fenyőink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
fenyőtök (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
fenyőitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
fenyőjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
fenyőik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *pᴕ̈nɜ (“spruce”).


mäta

mätový (adjective)
nominative
mäta (singular)
genitive
mäty (singular)
dative
mäte (singular)
accusative
mätu (singular)
locative
instrumental
mätou (singular)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *męta, borrowed from Latin menta (“mint”), from Ancient Greek μίνθη (mínthē).


jelka

jẹ́lka (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
jélka (nominative singular)
jélki (dual nominative)
jélke (nominative plural)
jélke (genitive singular)
jélk (dual genitive)
jélk (genitive plural)
jélki (dative singular)
jélkama (dative dual)
jélkam (dative plural)
jélko (accusative singular)
jélki (accusative dual)
jélke (accusative plural)
jélki (locative singular)
jélkah (dual locative)
jélkah (locative plural)
jélko (instrumental singular)
jélkama (dual instrumental)
jélkami (instrumental plural)

Cognates include Serbo-Croatian jelka and Russian ёлка (jólka)


sainfoin

en-noun

sainfoin (countable and uncountable, plural sainfoins)

From French sainfoin, from sain (“healthy, healthful”) + foin (“hay”).

I saw a breath of wind emerge from the furthest horizon, bowing over the heads of corn in distant fields, pouring like a flood over all that vast expanse, and finally come to rest, warm and rustling, among the clover and sainfoin at my feet […]

1992, Moncrieff/Kilmartin/Enright, translating Marcel Proust, Swann's Way, Folio Society 2005, p. 143

A perennial herb of the genus Onobrychis with pale pink flowers, especially Onobrychis viciifolia (syn. Onobrychis sativa).


梧桐

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (梧桐):
* → Japanese: 梧(ご)桐(とう) (gotō)
* → Korean: 오동(梧桐) (odong)
* → Vietnamese: ngô đồng (梧桐)

/u³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹/

/ŋ̍¹¹ tʰuŋ¹¹/

/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾luŋ⁵³/

/ŋɔ̃²³⁻³³ tɔŋ²³/

/ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/

/ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡɔ²³⁻³³ tɔŋ²³/

/ɡɔ²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡɔ¹³⁻²² tɔŋ¹³/

/ŋo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰoŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋu²² doŋ⁴⁴/

/u³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹/

/ŋ̍¹¹ tʰuŋ¹¹/

/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾luŋ⁵³/

/ŋɔ̃²³⁻³³ tɔŋ²³/

/ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/

/ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡɔ²³⁻³³ tɔŋ²³/

/ɡɔ²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡɔ¹³⁻²² tɔŋ¹³/

/ŋo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰoŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋu²² doŋ⁴⁴/

(～科) Sterculiaceae, now Sterculioideae in Malvaceae


梧桐

梧桐 (canonical)
梧桐 (canonical)
aogiri (romanization)

[a̠o̞ɡʲiɾʲi]


梧桐

梧桐 (canonical)
梧桐 (canonical)
gotō (romanization)


Wegerich

de-noun

Wegerich m (strong, genitive Wegerichs, plural Wegeriche)

Wegerichs (genitive)
Wegeriche (plural)
Wegerich (nominative singular)
Wegeriche (definite nominative plural)
Wegerichs (genitive singular)
Wegeriche (definite genitive plural)
Wegerich (dative singular)
Wegerichen (dative definite plural)
Wegerich (accusative singular)
Wegeriche (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German wegerîch, wegerich, from Old High German wegarîh (literally “path-king”).

inh

(botany) plantain (plant of the genus Plantago)


Pinie

Pinie (genitive)
Pinien (plural)
Pinie (nominative singular)
Pinien (definite nominative plural)
Pinie (genitive singular)
Pinien (definite genitive plural)
Pinie (dative singular)
Pinien (dative definite plural)
Pinie (accusative singular)
Pinien (accusative definite plural)

Borrowed from Late Latin pīnea (“pine”), from Latin pīnus (“pine tree”).

stone pine (Pinus pinea, a chiefly Mediterranean tree)


maslinjak

sh-noun

màslinjāk m (Cyrillic spelling ма̀слиња̄к)

màslinjāk (canonical masculine)
ма̀слиња̄к (Cyrillic)
màslinjāk (nominative singular)
maslinjaci (nominative plural)
maslinjaka (genitive singular)
maslinjaka (genitive plural)
maslinjaku (dative singular)
maslinjacima (dative plural)
maslinjak (accusative singular)
maslinjake (accusative plural)
mȁslinjāče (singular vocative)
maslinjaci (plural vocative)
maslinjaku (locative singular)
maslinjacima (locative plural)
maslinjakom (instrumental singular)
maslinjacima (instrumental plural)


maslinik

màslinīk m (Cyrillic spelling ма̀слинӣк)

màslinīk (canonical masculine)
ма̀слинӣк (Cyrillic)
màslinīk (nominative singular)
maslinici (nominative plural)
maslinika (genitive singular)
maslinika (genitive plural)
masliniku (dative singular)
maslinicima (dative plural)
maslinik (accusative singular)
maslinike (accusative plural)
mȁslinīče (singular vocative)
maslinici (plural vocative)
masliniku (locative singular)
maslinicima (locative plural)
maslinikom (instrumental singular)
maslinicima (instrumental plural)


маслиник

ма̀слинӣк (canonical masculine)
màslinīk (romanization)
ма̀слинӣк (nominative singular)
маслиници (nominative plural)
маслиника (genitive singular)
маслиника (genitive plural)
маслинику (dative singular)
маслиницима (dative plural)
маслиник (accusative singular)
маслинике (accusative plural)
ма̏слинӣче (singular vocative)
маслиници (plural vocative)
маслинику (locative singular)
маслиницима (locative plural)
маслиником (instrumental singular)
маслиницима (instrumental plural)


маслињак

ма̀слиња̄к (canonical masculine)
màslinjāk (romanization)
ма̀слиња̄к (nominative singular)
маслињаци (nominative plural)
маслињака (genitive singular)
маслињака (genitive plural)
маслињаку (dative singular)
маслињацима (dative plural)
маслињак (accusative singular)
маслињаке (accusative plural)
ма̏слиња̄че (singular vocative)
маслињаци (plural vocative)
маслињаку (locative singular)
маслињацима (locative plural)
маслињаком (instrumental singular)
маслињацима (instrumental plural)


maslinovina

màslinovina f (Cyrillic spelling ма̀слиновина)

màslinovina (canonical feminine)
ма̀слиновина (Cyrillic)
maslinovina (nominative singular)
maslinovine (nominative plural)
maslinovine (genitive singular)
maslinovina (genitive plural)
maslinovini (dative singular)
maslinovinama (dative plural)
maslinovinu (accusative singular)
maslinovine (accusative plural)
maslinovino (singular vocative)
maslinovine (plural vocative)
maslinovini (locative singular)
maslinovinama (locative plural)
maslinovinom (instrumental singular)
maslinovinama (instrumental plural)


alubia

Borrowed from Andalusian Arabic اللُوبِيَا (al-lúbya), from Arabic لُوبِيَاء (lūbiyāʔ), from Persian لوبیا (lubiyâ).

der

Arabic لُوبِيَاء (lūbiyāʔ)


בלוטא

head

בלוטא • (transliteration needed) m (plural בלוטא)


jol

jolen (definite singular)
jolar (indefinite plural)
jolane (definite plural)

From Old Norse jóll, jóli, whence also Faroese jólur and Icelandic njóli (< hvannjóli). Related to aul and aule (“hollow plant stem”).


saúco

Inherited from Old Spanish sabuco, from Latin sabūcus, variant of sambūcus. With the case of Spanish, it was influenced in Vulgar Latin by the suffix -uccus (hence the -c- instead of expected -g-). Compare Galician and Portuguese sabugo, Asturian sabú, Catalan saüc.


גזר

he-verb

גָּזַר • (gazár) (pa'al construction, passive participle גָּזוּר, passive counterpart נִגְזַר)

גָּזַר (canonical)
gazár (romanization)
גָּזוּר (participle passive)
נִגְזַר (passive)
גָּזַרְתִּי (feminine first-person masculine past singular)
גָּזַרְנוּ (feminine first-person masculine past plural)
גָּזַרְתָּ (masculine past second-person singular)
גָּזַרְתְּ (feminine past second-person singular)
גְּזַרְתֶּם (masculine past plural second-person)
גְּזַרְתֶּן (feminine past plural second-person)
גָּזַר (masculine past singular third-person)
גָּזְרָה (feminine past singular third-person)
גָּזְרוּ (feminine masculine past plural third-person)
גּוֹזֵר (masculine present singular)
גּוֹזֶרֶת (feminine present singular)
גּוֹזְרִים (masculine plural present)
גּוֹזְרוֹת (feminine plural present)
אגזור (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
אֶגְזֹר (feminine first-person future masculine singular)
נגזור (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
נִגְזֹר (feminine first-person future masculine plural)
תגזור (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְזֹר (future masculine second-person singular)
תִּגְזְרִי (feminine future second-person singular)
תִּגְזְרוּ (future masculine plural second-person)
תגזורנה (feminine future plural second-person)
תִּגְזֹרְנָה (feminine future plural second-person)
יגזור (future masculine singular third-person)
יִגְזֹר (future masculine singular third-person)
תגזור (feminine future singular third-person)
תִּגְזֹר (feminine future singular third-person)
יִגְזְרוּ (future masculine plural third-person)
תגזורנה (feminine future plural third-person)
תִּגְזֹרְנָה (feminine future plural third-person)
גזור (imperative masculine singular)
גְּזֹר (imperative masculine singular)
גִּזְרִי (feminine imperative singular)
גִּזְרוּ (imperative masculine plural)
גזורנה (feminine imperative plural)
גְּזֹרְנָה (feminine imperative plural)


manjericão

→ Hunsrik: Manschërikong

[mɐ̃.ʒe.ɾiˈkɐ̃ʊ̯̃]

/mɐ̃.ʒɨ.ɾiˈkɐ̃w̃/

Possibly a derivative of Late Latin basilicum, from Ancient Greek βασιλικόν (basilikón).

Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum basilicum#Translingual


荷花

/xɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/hɔː²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/ho²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hua⁴⁴/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ hua⁴⁴/

/xo¹³ ɸa̠³³/

/xɤ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/hɔː²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/ho²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hua⁴⁴/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ hua⁴⁴/

/xo¹³ ɸa̠³³/

Nelumbo nucifera
Nelumbo nucifera#Translingual


棉籽

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


grmlje

gȓmlje (canonical neuter)
гр̑мље (Cyrillic)
grmlje (nominative singular)
grmlja (genitive singular)
grmlju (dative singular)
grmlje (accusative singular)
grmlje (singular vocative)
grmlju (locative singular)
grmljem (instrumental singular)


homar

hȍmār (canonical masculine)
хо̏ма̄р (Cyrillic)


white currant

A deciduous shrub, a less sour and colourless cultivar of Ribes rubrum (red currant), though sometimes named Ribes sativum or Ribes silvestre, and sold as a different fruit.


満作

満作 (canonical)
満作 (canonical)
mansaku (romanization)


bearberry

Any of four dwarf shrubs of formerly all members of the genus Arctostaphylos, three now assigned to genus Arctous, which principally grow in arctic and subarctic regions and bear edible berries.

alpine bearberry, mountain bearberry, black bearberry (Arctous alpina, syn. Arctostaphylos alpinus)


akác

akácok (plural)
akác (nominative singular)
akácok (nominative plural)
akácot (accusative singular)
akácokat (accusative plural)
akácnak (dative singular)
akácoknak (dative plural)
akáccal (instrumental singular)
akácokkal (instrumental plural)
akácért (causal-final singular)
akácokért (causal-final plural)
akáccá (singular translative)
akácokká (plural translative)
akácig (singular terminative)
akácokig (plural terminative)
akácként (essive-formal singular)
akácokként (essive-formal plural)
akácban (inessive singular)
akácokban (inessive plural)
akácon (singular superessive)
akácokon (plural superessive)
akácnál (adessive singular)
akácoknál (adessive plural)
akácba (illative singular)
akácokba (illative plural)
akácra (singular sublative)
akácokra (plural sublative)
akáchoz (allative singular)
akácokhoz (allative plural)
akácból (elative singular)
akácokból (elative plural)
akácról (delative singular)
akácokról (delative plural)
akáctól (ablative singular)
akácoktól (ablative plural)
akácé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
akácoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
akácéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
akácokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
akácom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
akácaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
akácod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
akácaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
akáca (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
akácai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
akácunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
akácaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
akácotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
akácaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
akácuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
akácaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


akácos

akácos (nominative singular)
akácosak (nominative plural)
akácosat (accusative singular)
akácosakat (accusative plural)
akácosnak (dative singular)
akácosaknak (dative plural)
akácossal (instrumental singular)
akácosakkal (instrumental plural)
akácosért (causal-final singular)
akácosakért (causal-final plural)
akácossá (singular translative)
akácosakká (plural translative)
akácosig (singular terminative)
akácosakig (plural terminative)
akácosként (essive-formal singular)
akácosakként (essive-formal plural)
akácosban (inessive singular)
akácosakban (inessive plural)
akácoson (singular superessive)
akácosakon (plural superessive)
akácosnál (adessive singular)
akácosaknál (adessive plural)
akácosba (illative singular)
akácosakba (illative plural)
akácosra (singular sublative)
akácosakra (plural sublative)
akácoshoz (allative singular)
akácosakhoz (allative plural)
akácosból (elative singular)
akácosakból (elative plural)
akácosról (delative singular)
akácosakról (delative plural)
akácostól (ablative singular)
akácosaktól (ablative plural)
akácosé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
akácosaké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
akácoséi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
akácosakéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)

akác (“black locust, false acacia, Robinia”) + -os

af

akácos út

(strictly) of or relating to black locust, with black locust (relating to false acacia, which exists in Hungary)


akácos

akácosok (plural)
akácos (nominative singular)
akácosok (nominative plural)
akácost (accusative singular)
akácosokat (accusative plural)
akácosnak (dative singular)
akácosoknak (dative plural)
akácossal (instrumental singular)
akácosokkal (instrumental plural)
akácosért (causal-final singular)
akácosokért (causal-final plural)
akácossá (singular translative)
akácosokká (plural translative)
akácosig (singular terminative)
akácosokig (plural terminative)
akácosként (essive-formal singular)
akácosokként (essive-formal plural)
akácosban (inessive singular)
akácosokban (inessive plural)
akácoson (singular superessive)
akácosokon (plural superessive)
akácosnál (adessive singular)
akácosoknál (adessive plural)
akácosba (illative singular)
akácosokba (illative plural)
akácosra (singular sublative)
akácosokra (plural sublative)
akácoshoz (allative singular)
akácosokhoz (allative plural)
akácosból (elative singular)
akácosokból (elative plural)
akácosról (delative singular)
akácosokról (delative plural)
akácostól (ablative singular)
akácosoktól (ablative plural)
akácosé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
akácosoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
akácoséi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
akácosokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
akácosom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
akácosaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
akácosod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
akácosaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
akácosa (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
akácosai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
akácosunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
akácosaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
akácosotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
akácosaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
akácosuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
akácosaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

(strictly) black locust grove or wood (consisting of false acacia, which exists in Hungary)


snap bean

Their Sunday dinner always included snap beans cooked with fatback.

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

The unripe or green edible fruit pod of a bean plant such as the legume Phaseolus vulgaris.


svib

svȋb (canonical feminine)
сви̑б (Cyrillic)
svib (nominative singular)
svibovi (nominative plural)
sviba (genitive singular)
svibova (genitive plural)
svibu (dative singular)
svibovima (dative plural)
svib (accusative singular)
svibove (accusative plural)
svibe (singular vocative)
svibovi (plural vocative)
svibu (locative singular)
svibovima (locative plural)
svibom (instrumental singular)
svibovima (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *svidъ, whence also Slovene svíb. Related to the month name svȋbanj.

Cornus sanguinea
Cornus sanguinea#Translingual


olajfa

olajfák (plural)
olajfa (nominative singular)
olajfák (nominative plural)
olajfát (accusative singular)
olajfákat (accusative plural)
olajfának (dative singular)
olajfáknak (dative plural)
olajfával (instrumental singular)
olajfákkal (instrumental plural)
olajfáért (causal-final singular)
olajfákért (causal-final plural)
olajfává (singular translative)
olajfákká (plural translative)
olajfáig (singular terminative)
olajfákig (plural terminative)
olajfaként (essive-formal singular)
olajfákként (essive-formal plural)
olajfában (inessive singular)
olajfákban (inessive plural)
olajfán (singular superessive)
olajfákon (plural superessive)
olajfánál (adessive singular)
olajfáknál (adessive plural)
olajfába (illative singular)
olajfákba (illative plural)
olajfára (singular sublative)
olajfákra (plural sublative)
olajfához (allative singular)
olajfákhoz (allative plural)
olajfából (elative singular)
olajfákból (elative plural)
olajfáról (delative singular)
olajfákról (delative plural)
olajfától (ablative singular)
olajfáktól (ablative plural)
olajfáé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
olajfáké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
olajfáéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
olajfákéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
olajfám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
olajfáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
olajfád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
olajfáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
olajfája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
olajfái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
olajfánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
olajfáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
olajfátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
olajfáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
olajfájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
olajfáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


كمون

ar-noun

كَمُّون • (kammūn) m

كَمُّون (canonical)
kammūn (romanization)
كَمُّون (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكَمُّون (definite informal singular triptote)
كَمُّون (construct informal singular triptote)
كَمُّونٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكَمُّونُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
كَمُّونُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
كَمُّونًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَمُّونَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
كَمُّونَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
كَمُّونٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَمُّونِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
كَمُّونِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: քամոն (kʻamon), քամուն (kʻamun)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: كمیون (kimyon), كمنون (kimnun)
Turkish: kimyon
→ Armenian: քիմիոն (kʻimion), քիմոն (kʻimon), քեմոն (kʻemon), քիմեոն (kʻimeon), քէմոն (kʻēmon), քիմեօն (kʻimeōn) — traditional orthography
→ Bulgarian: кимио́н (kimión)
→ Macedonian: кимион (kimion)
→ Romanian: chimion

⇒ Portuguese: alcomonia, alcamonia

From Aramaic כַּמֹּונָֹא / ܩܰܡܽܘܢܳܐ (kammōnā, “cumin”), from Akkadian 𒌑𒁷𒊺𒉪 (Ú.GAMUN /kamūnu/, “cumin”). Note also Old Armenian չաման (čʻaman).

bor

Aramaic כַּמֹּונָֹא

der

Cuminum cyminum
Cuminum cyminum#Translingual


сирень

ru-noun+

сире́нь • (sirénʹ) f inan (genitive сире́ни, nominative plural сире́ни, genitive plural сире́ней)

сире́нь (canonical)
sirénʹ (romanization)
сире́ни (genitive)
сире́ни (nominative plural)
сире́ней (genitive plural)
сире́нь (nominative singular)
сире́ни (nominative plural)
сире́ни (genitive singular)
сире́ней (genitive plural)
сире́ни (dative singular)
сире́ням (dative plural)
сире́нь (accusative singular)
сире́ни (accusative plural)
сире́нью (instrumental singular)
сире́нями (instrumental plural)
сире́ни (prepositional singular)
сире́нях (plural prepositional)

Оте́ц и сын вы́шли на терра́су, под наве́с марки́зы; во́зле пери́л, на столе́, ме́жду больши́ми буке́тами сире́ни, уже́ кипе́л самова́р.

1862, Иван Тургенев, “Глава 5”, in Отцы и дети; English translation from Richard Hare, transl., Fathers and Sons, 1947:

Father and son went out on to the terrace under the shelter of the awning; the samovar was already boiling on the table near the balustrade among great bunches of lilac.

Otéc i syn výšli na terrásu, pod navés markízy; vózle períl, na stolé, méždu bolʹšími bukétami siréni, užé kipél samovár.


božikovina

sh-noun

božíkovina f (Cyrillic spelling божи́ковина)

božíkovina (canonical feminine)
божи́ковина (Cyrillic)
božikovina (nominative singular)
božikovine (genitive singular)
božikovini (dative singular)
božikovinu (accusative singular)
božikovino (singular vocative)
božikovini (locative singular)
božikovinom (instrumental singular)


marchew

marchewka (diminutive)
marchew (nominative singular)
marchwi (genitive singular)
marchwi (dative singular)
marchew (accusative singular)
marchwią (instrumental singular)
marchwi (locative singular)
marchwi (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mъrkỳ. Doublet of morkwa.


slíva

cs-noun

slíva f (related adjective slívový, diminutive slivka or slívka)

slívový (adjective)
slivka (diminutive)
slívka (diminutive)
slíva (nominative singular)
slívy (nominative plural)
slívy (genitive singular)
slív (genitive plural)
sliv (genitive plural)
slívě (dative singular)
slívám (dative plural)
slívu (accusative singular)
slívy (accusative plural)
slívo (singular vocative)
slívy (plural vocative)
slívě (locative singular)
slívách (locative plural)
slívou (instrumental singular)
slívami (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech slíva, from Proto-Slavic *sliva, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *slīˀwā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₃y-.


water mint

en-noun

water mint (countable and uncountable, plural water mints)

A herb in the mint family, Mentha aquatica.


čajovník

cs-noun

čajovník m anim (female equivalent čajovnice)

čajovnice (feminine)
čajovník (nominative singular)
čajovníci (nominative plural)
čajovníka (genitive singular)
čajovníků (genitive plural)
čajovníkovi (dative singular)
čajovníku (dative singular)
čajovníkům (dative plural)
čajovníka (accusative singular)
čajovníky (accusative plural)
čajovníku (singular vocative)
čajovníci (plural vocative)
čajovníkovi (locative singular)
čajovníku (locative singular)
čajovnících (locative plural)
čajovníkem (instrumental singular)
čajovníky (instrumental plural)

teamaker (person who prepares and serves tea in a teahouse)


naranča

nàrānča (canonical feminine)
на̀ра̄нча (Cyrillic)
nàrānča (nominative singular)
naranče (nominative plural)
naranče (genitive singular)
nàranāčā (genitive plural)
nàrānčī (genitive plural)
naranči (dative singular)
narančama (dative plural)
naranču (accusative singular)
naranče (accusative plural)
narančo (singular vocative)
naranče (plural vocative)
naranči (locative singular)
narančama (locative plural)
narančom (instrumental singular)
narančama (instrumental plural)

sh-decl-noun

nàranāčā / nàrānčī

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish نارنج (narenc, narenç, “orange”).


viherminttu

viherminttu (nominative singular)
vihermintut (nominative plural)
viherminttu (accusative nominative singular)
vihermintut (accusative nominative plural)
vihermintun (accusative genitive singular)
vihermintut (accusative genitive plural)
vihermintun (genitive singular)
viherminttujen (genitive plural)
viherminttua (partitive singular)
viherminttuja (partitive plural)
vihermintussa (inessive singular)
vihermintuissa (inessive plural)
vihermintusta (elative singular)
vihermintuista (elative plural)
viherminttuun (illative singular)
viherminttuihin (illative plural)
vihermintulla (adessive singular)
vihermintuilla (adessive plural)
vihermintulta (ablative singular)
vihermintuilta (ablative plural)
vihermintulle (allative singular)
vihermintuille (allative plural)
viherminttuna (essive singular)
viherminttuina (essive plural)
vihermintuksi (singular translative)
vihermintuiksi (plural translative)
vihermintutta (abessive singular)
vihermintuitta (abessive plural)
vihermintuin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
viherminttuni (nominative singular)
viherminttuni (nominative plural)
viherminttuni (accusative nominative singular)
viherminttuni (accusative nominative plural)
viherminttuni (accusative genitive singular)
viherminttuni (accusative genitive plural)
viherminttuni (genitive singular)
viherminttujeni (genitive plural)
viherminttuani (partitive singular)
viherminttujani (partitive plural)
vihermintussani (inessive singular)
vihermintuissani (inessive plural)
vihermintustani (elative singular)
vihermintuistani (elative plural)
viherminttuuni (illative singular)
viherminttuihini (illative plural)
vihermintullani (adessive singular)
vihermintuillani (adessive plural)
vihermintultani (ablative singular)
vihermintuiltani (ablative plural)
vihermintulleni (allative singular)
vihermintuilleni (allative plural)
viherminttunani (essive singular)
viherminttuinani (essive plural)
vihermintukseni (singular translative)
vihermintuikseni (plural translative)
vihermintuttani (abessive singular)
vihermintuittani (abessive plural)
viherminttuineni (comitative plural)
viherminttusi (nominative singular)
viherminttusi (nominative plural)
viherminttusi (accusative nominative singular)
viherminttusi (accusative nominative plural)
viherminttusi (accusative genitive singular)
viherminttusi (accusative genitive plural)
viherminttusi (genitive singular)
viherminttujesi (genitive plural)
viherminttuasi (partitive singular)
viherminttujasi (partitive plural)
vihermintussasi (inessive singular)
vihermintuissasi (inessive plural)
vihermintustasi (elative singular)
vihermintuistasi (elative plural)
viherminttuusi (illative singular)
viherminttuihisi (illative plural)
vihermintullasi (adessive singular)
vihermintuillasi (adessive plural)
vihermintultasi (ablative singular)
vihermintuiltasi (ablative plural)
vihermintullesi (allative singular)
vihermintuillesi (allative plural)
viherminttunasi (essive singular)
viherminttuinasi (essive plural)
vihermintuksesi (singular translative)
vihermintuiksesi (plural translative)
vihermintuttasi (abessive singular)
vihermintuittasi (abessive plural)
viherminttuinesi (comitative plural)
viherminttumme (nominative singular)
viherminttumme (nominative plural)
viherminttumme (accusative nominative singular)
viherminttumme (accusative nominative plural)
viherminttumme (accusative genitive singular)
viherminttumme (accusative genitive plural)
viherminttumme (genitive singular)
viherminttujemme (genitive plural)
viherminttuamme (partitive singular)
viherminttujamme (partitive plural)
vihermintussamme (inessive singular)
vihermintuissamme (inessive plural)
vihermintustamme (elative singular)
vihermintuistamme (elative plural)
viherminttuumme (illative singular)
viherminttuihimme (illative plural)
vihermintullamme (adessive singular)
vihermintuillamme (adessive plural)
vihermintultamme (ablative singular)
vihermintuiltamme (ablative plural)
vihermintullemme (allative singular)
vihermintuillemme (allative plural)
viherminttunamme (essive singular)
viherminttuinamme (essive plural)
vihermintuksemme (singular translative)
vihermintuiksemme (plural translative)
vihermintuttamme (abessive singular)
vihermintuittamme (abessive plural)
viherminttuinemme (comitative plural)
viherminttunne (nominative singular)
viherminttunne (nominative plural)
viherminttunne (accusative nominative singular)
viherminttunne (accusative nominative plural)
viherminttunne (accusative genitive singular)
viherminttunne (accusative genitive plural)
viherminttunne (genitive singular)
viherminttujenne (genitive plural)
viherminttuanne (partitive singular)
viherminttujanne (partitive plural)
vihermintussanne (inessive singular)
vihermintuissanne (inessive plural)
vihermintustanne (elative singular)
vihermintuistanne (elative plural)
viherminttuunne (illative singular)
viherminttuihinne (illative plural)
vihermintullanne (adessive singular)
vihermintuillanne (adessive plural)
vihermintultanne (ablative singular)
vihermintuiltanne (ablative plural)
vihermintullenne (allative singular)
vihermintuillenne (allative plural)
viherminttunanne (essive singular)
viherminttuinanne (essive plural)
vihermintuksenne (singular translative)
vihermintuiksenne (plural translative)
vihermintuttanne (abessive singular)
vihermintuittanne (abessive plural)
viherminttuinenne (comitative plural)
viherminttunsa (nominative singular)
viherminttunsa (nominative plural)
viherminttunsa (accusative nominative singular)
viherminttunsa (accusative nominative plural)
viherminttunsa (accusative genitive singular)
viherminttunsa (accusative genitive plural)
viherminttunsa (genitive singular)
viherminttujensa (genitive plural)
viherminttuaan (partitive singular)
viherminttuansa (partitive singular)
viherminttujaan (partitive plural)
viherminttujansa (partitive plural)
vihermintussaan (inessive singular)
vihermintussansa (inessive singular)
vihermintuissaan (inessive plural)
vihermintuissansa (inessive plural)
vihermintustaan (elative singular)
vihermintustansa (elative singular)
vihermintuistaan (elative plural)
vihermintuistansa (elative plural)
viherminttuunsa (illative singular)
viherminttuihinsa (illative plural)
vihermintullaan (adessive singular)
vihermintullansa (adessive singular)
vihermintuillaan (adessive plural)
vihermintuillansa (adessive plural)
vihermintultaan (ablative singular)
vihermintultansa (ablative singular)
vihermintuiltaan (ablative plural)
vihermintuiltansa (ablative plural)
vihermintulleen (allative singular)
vihermintullensa (allative singular)
vihermintuilleen (allative plural)
vihermintuillensa (allative plural)
viherminttunaan (essive singular)
viherminttunansa (essive singular)
viherminttuinaan (essive plural)
viherminttuinansa (essive plural)
vihermintukseen (singular translative)
vihermintuksensa (singular translative)
vihermintuikseen (plural translative)
vihermintuiksensa (plural translative)
vihermintuttaan (abessive singular)
vihermintuttansa (abessive singular)
vihermintuittaan (abessive plural)
vihermintuittansa (abessive plural)
viherminttuineen (comitative plural)
viherminttuinensa (comitative plural)

Mentha spicata
Mentha spicata#Translingual


морква

be-noun

мо́рква • (mórkva) f inan (genitive мо́рквы, uncountable, relational adjective марко́ўны, diminutive морка́ўка)

мо́рква (canonical)
mórkva (romanization)
мо́рквы (genitive)
марко́ўны (adjective relational)
морка́ўка (diminutive)
мо́рква (nominative singular)
мо́рквы (genitive singular)
мо́ркве (dative singular)
мо́ркву (accusative singular)
мо́рквай (instrumental singular)
мо́ркваю (instrumental singular)
мо́ркве (locative singular)

(uncountable, collectively) carrots (roots of the plant used for eating)


морква

uk-noun

мо́рква • (mórkva) f inan (genitive мо́ркви, uncountable, relational adjective морквя́ний or морквяни́й, diminutive моркви́ця or мо́рківка)

мо́рква (canonical)
mórkva (romanization)
мо́ркви (genitive)
морквя́ний (adjective relational)
морквяни́й (adjective relational)
моркви́ця (diminutive)
мо́рківка (diminutive)
мо́рква (nominative singular)
мо́ркви (genitive singular)
мо́ркві (dative singular)
мо́ркву (accusative singular)
мо́рквою (instrumental singular)
мо́ркві (locative singular)
мо́ркво (singular vocative)


красная смородина

ru-noun+

кра́сная сморо́дина • (krásnaja smoródina) f inan (genitive кра́сной сморо́дины, nominative plural кра́сные сморо́дины, genitive plural кра́сных сморо́дин)

кра́сная сморо́дина (canonical)
krásnaja smoródina (romanization)
кра́сной сморо́дины (genitive)
кра́сные сморо́дины (nominative plural)
кра́сных сморо́дин (genitive plural)
кра́сная сморо́дина (nominative singular)
кра́сные сморо́дины (nominative plural)
кра́сной сморо́дины (genitive singular)
кра́сных сморо́дин (genitive plural)
кра́сной сморо́дине (dative singular)
кра́сным сморо́динам (dative plural)
кра́сную сморо́дину (accusative singular)
кра́сные сморо́дины (accusative plural)
кра́сной сморо́диной (instrumental singular)
кра́сною сморо́диною (instrumental singular)
кра́сными сморо́динами (instrumental plural)
кра́сной сморо́дине (prepositional singular)
кра́сных сморо́динах (plural prepositional)

ru:красная смородина


nyír

nyírek (plural)
nyír (nominative singular)
nyírek (nominative plural)
nyírt (accusative singular)
nyíreket (accusative plural)
nyírnek (dative singular)
nyíreknek (dative plural)
nyírrel (instrumental singular)
nyírekkel (instrumental plural)
nyírért (causal-final singular)
nyírekért (causal-final plural)
nyírré (singular translative)
nyírekké (plural translative)
nyírig (singular terminative)
nyírekig (plural terminative)
nyírként (essive-formal singular)
nyírekként (essive-formal plural)
nyírben (inessive singular)
nyírekben (inessive plural)
nyíren (singular superessive)
nyíreken (plural superessive)
nyírnél (adessive singular)
nyíreknél (adessive plural)
nyírbe (illative singular)
nyírekbe (illative plural)
nyírre (singular sublative)
nyírekre (plural sublative)
nyírhez (allative singular)
nyírekhez (allative plural)
nyírből (elative singular)
nyírekből (elative plural)
nyírről (delative singular)
nyírekről (delative plural)
nyírtől (ablative singular)
nyírektől (ablative plural)
nyíré (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
nyíreké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
nyíréi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
nyírekéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
nyírem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
nyíreim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
nyíred (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
nyíreid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
nyíre (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
nyírei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
nyírünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
nyíreink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
nyíretek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
nyíreitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
nyírük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
nyíreik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


virgalieu

If "Virgalieu" is the term by which the White Doyenne pear is most generally known, (and this can not be denied) then to adopt the latter will produce just the confusion against which Mr. Eaton protests; and this is really the fact; for not half those who grow this pear will know what you mean, if you call it the White Doyenné.

1861, Peter B. Mead, The Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste, volume XVI, page 280:

A valuable kind of pear, of an obovate shape and with melting flesh of delicious flavor; also called White Doyenne.


juniper berry

The berrylike female seed cone produced by the various species of junipers.


kakukkfű

kakukkfüvek (plural)
kakukkfű (nominative singular)
kakukkfüvek (nominative plural)
kakukkfüvet (accusative singular)
kakukkfüveket (accusative plural)
kakukkfűnek (dative singular)
kakukkfüveknek (dative plural)
kakukkfűvel (instrumental singular)
kakukkfüvekkel (instrumental plural)
kakukkfűért (causal-final singular)
kakukkfüvekért (causal-final plural)
kakukkfűvé (singular translative)
kakukkfüvekké (plural translative)
kakukkfűig (singular terminative)
kakukkfüvekig (plural terminative)
kakukkfűként (essive-formal singular)
kakukkfüvekként (essive-formal plural)
kakukkfűben (inessive singular)
kakukkfüvekben (inessive plural)
kakukkfüvön (singular superessive)
kakukkfüveken (plural superessive)
kakukkfűnél (adessive singular)
kakukkfüveknél (adessive plural)
kakukkfűbe (illative singular)
kakukkfüvekbe (illative plural)
kakukkfűre (singular sublative)
kakukkfüvekre (plural sublative)
kakukkfűhöz (allative singular)
kakukkfüvekhez (allative plural)
kakukkfűből (elative singular)
kakukkfüvekből (elative plural)
kakukkfűről (delative singular)
kakukkfüvekről (delative plural)
kakukkfűtől (ablative singular)
kakukkfüvektől (ablative plural)
kakukkfűé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
kakukkfüveké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
kakukkfűéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
kakukkfüvekéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
kakukkfüvem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
kakukkfüveim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
kakukkfüved (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
kakukkfüveid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
kakukkfüve (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
kakukkfüvei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
kakukkfüvünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
kakukkfüveink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
kakukkfüvetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
kakukkfüveitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
kakukkfüvük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
kakukkfüveik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


Centranthus ruber

A taxonomic species within the family Caprifoliaceae – red valerian, a garden plant and native of the Mediterranean region.


red valerian

Centranthus ruber
Centranthus ruber#Translingual

A garden plant, of species Centranthus ruber, native to the Mediterranean region.


wishbone flower

en-noun

wishbone flower (plural wishbone flowers)

Any flowering plant of genus Torenia, especially Torenia fournieri, having a pair of yellow stamens in the form of a wishbone.


غار

ar:غار (نبات)

غَار (canonical)
ḡār (romanization)
غَارَة (feminine singulative)
غَار (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْغَار (collective definite informal triptote)
غَار (collective construct informal triptote)
غَارٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْغَارُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
غَارُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
غَارًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْغَارَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
غَارَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
غَارٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْغَارِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
غَارِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
غَارَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْغَارَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
غَارَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
غَارَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْغَارَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
غَارَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
غَارَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْغَارَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
غَارَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
غَارَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْغَارَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
غَارَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْغَارَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
غَارَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْغَارَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
غَارَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْغَارَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْغَارَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
غَارَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْغَارَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
غَارَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْغَارَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْغَارَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْغَارَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

If it is true that the bay laurel has dispersed over the Mediterranean regions from further west, be it Asia Minor or even Western Europe, then the Arabic plant name غَار (ḡār) has been borrowed in the earlier 1st millennium BC or before from Aramaic עָרָא / ܥܳܪܳܐ (ʿārā), also Hebrew עָר (ʿār), of the same meaning, the merger of /ʁ/ and /ʕ/ not having happened in Northwest Semitic yet—if not old enough to be ascribed to Proto-West Semitic unity.

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual

bay laurel (Laurus nobilis); laurel (Laurus gen.)


benne

From Malay bene, or possibly from Wolof or Eastern Maninkakan.

benne oil; benne seed

Benne (sesame) seeds were secretly brought to America on the slave ships by black women who had used them in their native cooking. Benne seed cookies and candy were made by black cooks in Charleston and other lowcountry South Carolina locations.

2003, Carole Marsh, The Kitchen House: How Yesterday's Black Women Created Today's Most Popular & Famous American Foods!, page 15:

For example, Rosanna Williams recounted that her African-born father would "plant mostly benne and rice." Emma Hunter also remembered that her grandmother planted benne.

2010, Frederick C. Knight, Working the Diaspora: The Impact of African Labor on the Anglo-American World, 1650—1850, page 62:

A window on the small-scale world of sesame oil production and benne cake livestock feeding is found in the pages of Thomas Walter Peyre's plantation journal (1834–59) at the South Carolina Historical Society.[…]African Anerican farming of benne can be imputed only by anecdotal reports, yet numerous records attest to benne’s importance in the slave diet. Indeed, a complex benne cookery adapted from African practices was recorded.

2013, David S. Shields, “Chapter 3: Prospecting for Oil”, in John T. Edge, Elizabeth S. D. Engelhardt, Ted Ownby, editors, The Larder: Food Studies Methods from the American South, page 65:


citrons

citrons (nominative singular)
citroni (nominative plural)
citronu (accusative singular)
citronus (accusative plural)
citrona (genitive singular)
citronu (genitive plural)
citronam (dative singular)
citroniem (dative plural)
citronu (instrumental singular)
citroniem (instrumental plural)
citronā (locative singular)
citronos (locative plural)
citron (singular vocative)
citroni (plural vocative)

Perhaps via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from French citron, from Latin citrus (“citron tree”) (perhaps from a non-attested augmentative form).

citrons aug savvaļā, visvairāk dienvidaustrumu Himalajos... tikai 3. gadsimtā pirms mūsu ēras citroni ieviesās Itālijā

the lemon (tree) grows in the wild, especially in the southeastern Himalayas... only in the 3rd century B.C. were lemons introduced in Italy

lemon tree (small evergreen tree with yellow, aromatic, sour fruits, sp. Citrus limon)


sárgabarackfa

sárgabarackfák (plural)
sárgabarackfa (nominative singular)
sárgabarackfák (nominative plural)
sárgabarackfát (accusative singular)
sárgabarackfákat (accusative plural)
sárgabarackfának (dative singular)
sárgabarackfáknak (dative plural)
sárgabarackfával (instrumental singular)
sárgabarackfákkal (instrumental plural)
sárgabarackfáért (causal-final singular)
sárgabarackfákért (causal-final plural)
sárgabarackfává (singular translative)
sárgabarackfákká (plural translative)
sárgabarackfáig (singular terminative)
sárgabarackfákig (plural terminative)
sárgabarackfaként (essive-formal singular)
sárgabarackfákként (essive-formal plural)
sárgabarackfában (inessive singular)
sárgabarackfákban (inessive plural)
sárgabarackfán (singular superessive)
sárgabarackfákon (plural superessive)
sárgabarackfánál (adessive singular)
sárgabarackfáknál (adessive plural)
sárgabarackfába (illative singular)
sárgabarackfákba (illative plural)
sárgabarackfára (singular sublative)
sárgabarackfákra (plural sublative)
sárgabarackfához (allative singular)
sárgabarackfákhoz (allative plural)
sárgabarackfából (elative singular)
sárgabarackfákból (elative plural)
sárgabarackfáról (delative singular)
sárgabarackfákról (delative plural)
sárgabarackfától (ablative singular)
sárgabarackfáktól (ablative plural)
sárgabarackfáé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
sárgabarackfáké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
sárgabarackfáéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
sárgabarackfákéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
sárgabarackfám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
sárgabarackfáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
sárgabarackfád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
sárgabarackfáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
sárgabarackfája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
sárgabarackfái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
sárgabarackfánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
sárgabarackfáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
sárgabarackfátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
sárgabarackfáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
sárgabarackfájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
sárgabarackfáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


coto

Borrowed from Spanish coto, of Tupian origin.


木瓜

木瓜 (canonical)
木瓜 (canonical)
boke (romanization)
もけ (alternative hiragana)
moke (Rōmaji)
ぼっか (alternative hiragana)
bokka (Rōmaji)
ぼくくわ (hiragana historical)


木瓜

木瓜 (canonical)
mokka (romanization)
mokukwa (romanization)
もくくわ (hiragana historical)

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

Pseudocydonia sinensis
Pseudocydonia sinensis#Translingual

(traditional Chinese medicine) fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa or Pseudocydonia sinensis


木瓜

木瓜 (canonical)
mokkō (romanization)
mokukau (romanization)
もこう (alternative hiragana)
mokō (Rōmaji)
もかう (hiragana historical)
もくかう (hiragana historical)


barszcz

barszczyk (diminutive)
barszcz (nominative singular)
barszcze (nominative plural)
barszczu (genitive singular)
barszczów (genitive plural)
barszczy (genitive plural)
barszczowi (dative singular)
barszczom (dative plural)
barszcz (accusative singular)
barszcze (accusative plural)
barszczem (instrumental singular)
barszczami (instrumental plural)
barszczu (locative singular)
barszczach (locative plural)
barszczu (singular vocative)
barszcze (plural vocative)

→ English: barszcz

→ Esperanto: barĉo

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: барщъ (baršč)
Belarusian: баршч (baršč)

Inherited from Old Polish barszcz, with a semantic shift of hogweed > sour hogweed soup > other sour soups > beetroot soup. For the semantic shift, compare Ukrainian борщ (boršč).

borscht (beetroot soup that can be served hot or cold, usually with sour cream; a single serving of this soup)

hogweed, cow parsnip, pigweed (any plant of the genus Heracleum)

(obsolete, cooking) sourdough; sourdough starter; leavening agent


Waldmeister

de-noun

Waldmeister m (strong, genitive Waldmeisters, plural Waldmeister)

Waldmeisters (genitive)
Waldmeister (plural)
Waldmeister (nominative singular)
Waldmeister (definite nominative plural)
Waldmeisters (genitive singular)
Waldmeister (definite genitive plural)
Waldmeister (dative singular)
Waldmeistern (dative definite plural)
Waldmeister (accusative singular)
Waldmeister (accusative definite plural)

→ English: waldmeister


hogweed

From hog + weed, so named because of its use as feed for pigs.

An umbelliferous plant, of genus Heracleum, most species of which are phototoxic.

Certain plants from the genera Ambrosia, Erigeron, or Heracleum.


Raute

Raute (genitive)
Rauten (plural)
Raute (nominative singular)
Rauten (definite nominative plural)
Raute (genitive singular)
Rauten (definite genitive plural)
Raute (dative singular)
Rauten (dative definite plural)
Raute (accusative singular)
Rauten (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German rūte, from Old High German rūta, from Proto-West Germanic *rūtā (“rue”).

Ruta graveolens
Ruta graveolens#Translingual

rue, common rue, herb of grace (Ruta graveolens)


Raute

From Middle High German rūte. Probably the same word as etymology 1, the name of the shape being taken from the plant's cross-shaped flower, which is reminiscent of a rhombus. (Compare the picture above.) This etymology is now predominantly accepted, though some sources still consider it uncertain.


anigre

The tree Pouteria superba and (especially) its wood.


kminek

kminek (nominative singular)
kminki (nominative plural)
kminka (genitive singular)
kminków (genitive plural)
kminkowi (dative singular)
kminkom (dative plural)
kminek (accusative singular)
kminki (accusative plural)
kminkiem (instrumental singular)
kminkami (instrumental plural)
kminku (locative singular)
kminkach (locative plural)
kminku (singular vocative)
kminki (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: קמיניק (kminik)


ocra

From a West African language, perhaps via English okra.


ocra

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus#Translingual

(El Salvador) okra, Abelmoschus esculentus


Platane

Platane f (genitive Platane, plural Platanen)

Platane (genitive)
Platanen (plural)
Platane (nominative singular)
Platanen (definite nominative plural)
Platane (genitive singular)
Platanen (definite genitive plural)
Platane (dative singular)
Platanen (dative definite plural)
Platane (accusative singular)
Platanen (accusative definite plural)