chicken

en-noun

chicken (countable and uncountable, plural chickens)

→ German: Chicken

→ Irish: sicín

→ Japanese: チキン (chikin)

→ Korean: 치킨 (chikin)

From Middle English chiken (also as chike > English chick), from Old English ċicen, ċycen (“chicken”), of uncertain origin. Possibly from Proto-West Germanic *kiukīn (“chicken”), or alternatively from Proto-West Germanic *kukkīn, equivalent to cock + -en.
Compare North Frisian schückling (“chicken”), Saterland Frisian Sjuuken (“chicken”), Dutch kuiken (“chick, chicken”), German Low German Küken (“chick”), whence German Küken (“chick”), (elevated, obsolete) German Küchlein (“chick”) and Old Norse kjúklingr (“chicken”).

run around like a chicken with its head cut off

Some chickens lay eggs almost every day. […] Chickens are kept for their meat, too.

1997, Beverley Randell, Clive Harper, Chickens, Nelson Thornes, →ISBN, page 8:

(countable) A domesticated subspecies of red junglefowl (Gallus gallus domesticus), especially so-called when young.

Don't play chicken with a freight train; you're guaranteed to lose.

The Mini surged forward too. The cars were hurtling towards each other across the pitch. This was a dangerous game of chicken. Who would crumble first?

2017, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Bad Dad, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:

A confrontational game in which the participants move toward each other at high speed (usually in automobiles); the player who turns first to avoid colliding into the other is the chicken (that is, the loser).


chicken

en-adj

chicken (comparative more chicken, superlative most chicken)

more chicken (comparative)
most chicken (superlative)

Why do you refuse to fight? Huh, I guess you're just too chicken.

(informal, sometimes derogatory) Cowardly.


rooster

From roost + -er. In the regions where it is used, displaced cock through taboo avoidance.

Their other dish […] contain'd a number of roast fowls—half a dozen, we suppose, & all roosters at this season no doubt.

The produce of two hens and a cock, or rooster, as the Yankees term that bird.

1836, Catharine Parr Traill, The Backwoods of Canada, page 308:

Chalk a circle for a rooster.

1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 16]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part III [Nostos], page 616:

(Canada, US, Kent, Australia, New Zealand) A male domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) or other gallinaceous bird.


guinea fowl

en-noun

guinea fowl (plural guinea fowls or guinea fowl)

guinea fowls (plural)
guinea fowl (plural)
guineafowl (alternative)
guinea-fowl (alternative)

A tiny white head with a small red wattle hanging from its beak was peeking into our tent. It whistled softly. I laughed. A guinea fowl.

2018, Nnedi Okorafor, Who Fears Death, HarperVoyager, page 273:

Any of several African birds of the family Numididae (6 species) resembling partridges.


tit

From Middle English tit, titte, tette, from Old English tit, titt, from Proto-West Germanic *titt, from Proto-Germanic *tittaz (“teat; nipple; breast”), of expressive origin.
Perhaps related to an original meaning “to suck”; compare Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-y-. Doublet of teat, which was borrowed from Old French.
Cognates
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tit, Dutch tiet, dialectal Dutch tet, German Zitze, Titte, Hunsrik Ditz, Yiddish ציצע (tsitse).

onomatopoeic

expressive

I have enjoyed taking to my writing bureau and writing about poverty, benefit reform and the coalition government in the manner of a shit Dickens, or Orwell, but with tits.

2012, Caitlin Moran, Moranthology, Ebury Press, published 2012, page 13:

Sanch tossed his head back, threw open his shirt, cupped his beanbag-shaped male breasts and jiggled them at us. Ford and I were laughing but Kat said, "I think they're the most beautiful tits."

Sun readers don't care who runs the country as long as she's got big tits.

1987, “A Conflict of Interest”, in Antony Jay, Jonathan Lynn, directors, Yes, Prime Minister, season 2, episode 4, spoken by Bernard Woolley (Derek Fowlds), BBC2:

(slang, vulgar, chiefly in the plural) A person's breast or nipple.

Look at that tit driving on the wrong side of the road!

I know a lot of tits, Guv'nor. But I don't know any quite as fucking stupid as these two.

2000, Guy Ritchie, Snatch (motion picture), spoken by Errol (Andy Beckwith):

“What did you say to the cops?”
“I told them everything about the smuggling ring.”
“Why the fuck did you do that?”
“They were nice to me.”
“They’re always nice to people they want to get information from, you dumb tit.”

2002, Dick Plamondon, Have You Ever Been Screwed, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 234:

John Watson (to Sherlock Holmes): It's Lestrade. Says they're all coming over here right now. Queuing up to slap on the handcuffs, every single officer you ever made feel like a tit. Which is a lot of people.

2012 January 15, Stephen Thompson, "The Reichenbach Fall", episode 2-3 of Sherlock, 00:52:46-00:52:55

“I asked Nandor and Colin Robinson to come with me on the first day because I didn't want the class to look too empty. But now I cannot get those two tits to leave.”

2023 August 17, Jeremy Levick & Rajat Suresh, “Hybrid Creatures” (5:12 from the start), in What We Do in the Shadows, season 5, episode 7, spoken by Nadja of Antipaxos (Natasia Demetriou):

(UK, Ireland, derogatory, slang) An idiot; a fool.

(UK, Ireland, slang, derogatory) A police officer; a "tithead".


tit

Probably of North Germanic/Scandinavian origin; found earliest in titling and titmouse; compare Faroese títlingur, dialectal Norwegian titling (“small stockfish”).
Wikispecies

A chickadee; a small passerine bird of the genus Parus or the family Paridae, common in the Northern Hemisphere.

Any of various other small passerine birds.


cattle

en-noun

cattle pl (normally plural, singular cattle)

From Middle English catel, from Anglo-Norman catel (“personal property”), from Old Northern French (compare French cheptel, Old French chetel, chatel, also English chattel) from Medieval Latin capitāle, from Latin capitālis (“of the head”) (whence also capital, from caput (“head”) + -alis (“-al”)). For the sense evolution, compare pecuniary and fee. Also compare Russian поголо́вье (pogolóvʹje, “total number of livestock”) from Russian голова́ (golová, “head”). Doublet of capital and chattel.

m+

Do you want to raise cattle?

Domesticated animals of the species Bos taurus (cows, bulls, steers, oxen etc).


ibex

ibex (plural)
ibexes (plural)
ibices (plural)
ibecks (alternative)

From Latin ībex (“chamois”), possibly from Iberian or Aquitanian; akin to Old Spanish bezerro (“bull”) (modern becerro (“yearling”)).

A type of wild mountain goat of the genus Capra, such as the species Capra ibex.


ibex

El club se ha quedado sin más mensajes que la purpurina de las listas de Forbes sobre los clubes más ricos del mundo, los Balones de Oro, la evangelización madridista con puentes en Indonesia o Australia y ese deslumbrante palco de la casa blanca por el que desfilan políticos y empresarios de todos los ibex de este mundo.

2015 November 23, “La pelota es de Florentino”, in El País:


mouflon

mouflons (plural)
moufflon (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from French mouflon, from Italian muflone. From 1765–1775.

One of the most modified domesticates is the sheep, the various breeds of which bear little resemblance to its wild ancestor, the mouflon.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 237:

A species of wild sheep, Ovis orientalis musimon, syn. Ovis aries musimon, endemic to Sardinia and Corsica.


mouflon

→ English: mouflon

→ German: Mufflon


pig

en-noun

pig (countable and uncountable, plural pigs)

Hawaiian Creole: pig

Torres Strait Creole: pig

Tok Pisin: pik

→ Abenaki: piks (from "pigs")

→ Malecite-Passamaquoddy: piks (from "pigs")

Pronunciation example of the word Pig in British English.ogg

From Middle English pigge (“pig, pigling”) (originally a term for a young pig, with adult pigs being swyn), apparently from Old English *picga (attested only in compounds, such as picgbrēad (“mast, pig-fodder”)), from Proto-West Germanic *piggō, *puggō (“piglet”). Compare Middle Dutch pogge, puggen, pigge, pegsken (“pigling”), Middle Low German pugge, pûke (“piglet”). Pokorny suggests this root might be somehow related to *bū-, *bew- (“to blow; swell”), which could account for the alternation between "pig" and "big".
A connection to early modern Dutch bigge (contemporary big (“piglet”)), West Frisian bigge (“pigling”), and similar terms in Middle Low German is sometimes proposed, "but the phonology is difficult". Some sources say the words are "almost certainly not" related, others consider a relation "probable, but not certain".
The slang sense of "police officer" is attested since at least 1785.

cuto (Northern Spain - specifically Aragon, La Rioja and Navarra)

even a blind pig can find an acorn once in a while

The man kept a pen with two pigs that he fed everything from carrots to cabbage.

[…]and at the back a rambling courtledge of barns and walls, around which pigs and bare-foot children grunted in loving communion of dirt.

1855, Charles Kingsley, “How Salvation Yeo Slew the King of the Gubbings”, in Westward Ho!: Or, The Voyages and Adventures of Sir Amyas Leigh, Knight, […], volume II, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, page 113:

(countable) Any of several mammalian species of the genus Sus or the family Suidae, having cloven hooves, bristles and a nose adapted for digging; especially the domesticated animal Sus domesticus.

Weanlings grow into feeder pigs, and feeder pigs grow into slaughter hogs. […] Ultimately the end use for virtually all pigs and hogs is to be slaughtered for the production of pork and other products.

2005 April, Live Swine from Canada, Investigation No. 731-TA-1076 (Final), publication 3766, April 2005, U.S. International Trade Commission, →ISBN, page I-9:

(specifically) A young swine, a piglet (contrasted with a hog, an adult swine).

Unfortunately, the pig sent to clear the obstruction got lodged in a tight bend, adding to the problem.

(engineering) A device for cleaning or inspecting the inside of an oil or gas pipeline, or for separating different substances within the pipeline. Named for the pig-like squealing noise made by their progress.

porsas

device to clean or inspect a pipe from inside


pig

He tell um, “Go.” So dey wen let go da guys, an go take ova da pigs. An you know wat? All da pigs wen run down one steep hill an fall ova da cliff inside da lake, an drown inside da water.

2000, “Matthew 8”, in Joseph Grimes, transl., Da Jesus Book: Hawaii Pidgin New Testament, Wycliffe Bible Translators, →ISBN, page 110:

And he said unto them, Go. And they came out, and went into the swine: and behold, the whole herd rushed down the steep into the sea, and perished in the waters.

(countable) pig (any of several mammalian species of the genus Sus or the family Suidae, having cloven hooves, bristles and a nose adapted for digging; especially the domesticated animal Sus domesticus)


pig

From Middle English pigge, pygge, from Old English *picga (“pig; pigling”), see English pig.
Sense of "vessel; jar" is from Middle English pygg, perhaps an extension of the above.


wild boar

wild boar (plural wild boars or wild boar)

The San Juan market is Mexico City's most famous deli of exotic meats, where an adventurous shopper can hunt down hard-to-find critters such as ostrich, wild boar and crocodile.

2013 July 26, Nick Miroff, “Mexico gets a taste for eating insects […] ”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 7, page 32:

A wild swine native to Eurasia and North Africa (Sus scrofa), now widely distributed elsewhere and ancestor of most domestic pig breeds.


ram

From Middle English ram, rom, ramme, from Old English ramm (“ram”), from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“ram”), possibly from *rammaz (“strong”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Rom (“ram”), Dutch ram (“a male sheep”), German Ramm, Ramme (“ram”). Possibly akin also to Danish ram (“sharp; acrid; rank”), Swedish ram (“strong; perfect”), Faroese ramur (“strong; competent”), Icelandic rammur (“strong; sturdy”).

(zoology, agriculture) A male sheep, typically uncastrated.

A battering ram; a heavy object used for breaking through doors.

He describes the operation thus: "The heavy ram employed to impart the finishing strokes, hoisted up with double purchase and snail's pace to the summit of the Piling Engine, and then falling down like a thunderbolt on the head of the devoted timber, driving it perhaps a single half inch in to the stratum below, is well calculated to put to the test the virtue of patience, while it illustrates the old adage of—slow and sure."

1952 July, W. R. Watson, “Sankey Viaduct and Embankment”, in Railway Magazine, page 487:

A weight which strikes a blow, in a ramming device such as a pile driver, steam hammer, or stamp mill.


ram

en-adj

ram (comparative more ram, superlative most ram)

more ram (comparative)
most ram (superlative)

Likely from Old Norse ramr, rammr (“strong, rank, bitter”), from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“strong, overbearing; acrid, rank”), perhaps ultimately related to Etymology 1 above. Compare Scots ram (“a rank odour”). Compare also Middle English rammish (“rank, offensive in smell”).

cog

(Northern England) Rancid; offensive in smell or taste.


ram

rams (plural)
rame (alternative)
ramme (alternative)
rom (alternative)
rem (alternative)

English: ram

Scots: ram

From Old English ramm, from Proto-Germanic *rammaz.


Rom

From Old Frisian *ram, from Proto-Germanic *rammaz. Cognates include West Frisian raam and German Ramme.


house

house (nominative singular)
housy (nominative plural)
housu (genitive singular)
housů (genitive plural)
housu (dative singular)
housům (dative plural)
house (accusative singular)
housy (accusative plural)
house (singular vocative)
housy (plural vocative)
housu (locative singular)
housech (locative plural)
housem (instrumental singular)
housy (instrumental plural)


pull

en-verb

pull (third-person singular simple present pulls, present participle pulling, simple past and past participle pulled)

pulls (present singular third-person)
pulling (participle present)
pulled (participle past)
pulled (past)

push

antonym(s) of “apply force to (something) so it comes towards one”

-ʊl (accents with foot–goose merger or full–fool merger)

Verb from Middle English pullen, from Old English pullian (“to pull, draw, tug, pluck off”), of uncertain ultimate origin. Related to West Frisian pûlje (“to shell, husk”), Middle Dutch pullen (“to drink”), Middle Dutch polen (“to peel, strip”), Low German pulen (“to pick, pluck, pull, tear, strip off husks”), Icelandic púla (“to work hard, beat”).
Noun from Middle English pul, pull, pulle, from the verb pullen (“to pull”).

cog

it's not the whistle that pulls the train

pull someone's chestnuts out of the fire

'I never liked Bowler, and I had my suspicions when Captain Ferndale persuaded you to put him up in that race. I did not discover until some time after that he pulled the horse.'

1897, Nat Gould, Not So Bad After All, page 200:

(horse racing, transitive) To impede the progress of (a horse) to prevent its winning a race.


pull

pulli (genitive)
pulli (partitive)
pull (nominative singular)
pullid (nominative plural)
pull (accusative nominative singular)
pullid (accusative nominative plural)
pulli (accusative genitive singular)
pullid (accusative genitive plural)
pulli (genitive singular)
pullide (genitive plural)
pulli (partitive singular)
pulle (partitive plural)
pullisid (partitive plural)
pulli (illative singular)
pullisse (illative singular)
pullidesse (illative plural)
pullesse (illative plural)
pullis (inessive singular)
pullides (inessive plural)
pulles (inessive plural)
pullist (elative singular)
pullidest (elative plural)
pullest (elative plural)
pullile (allative singular)
pullidele (allative plural)
pullele (allative plural)
pullil (adessive singular)
pullidel (adessive plural)
pullel (adessive plural)
pullilt (ablative singular)
pullidelt (ablative plural)
pullelt (ablative plural)
pulliks (singular translative)
pullideks (plural translative)
pulleks (plural translative)
pullini (singular terminative)
pullideni (plural terminative)
pullina (essive singular)
pullidena (essive plural)
pullita (abessive singular)
pullideta (abessive plural)
pulliga (comitative singular)
pullidega (comitative plural)

From Middle Low German bulle. First attested in 1648.

(by extension) any male animal, especially a moose


sog

From Dutch zog or zoog, dialectal variants of zeug, from Middle Dutch soge, suege, from Old Dutch *soga, from Proto-West Germanic *sugu.


sal

salen (definite singular)
saler (indefinite plural)
salene (definite plural)

a large room in which parties and meetings and similar are held; a hall.


sal

salen (definite singular)
salar (indefinite plural)
salane (definite plural)

From Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *saliz.

a large room in which parties and meetings and similar are held; a hall


tissue

en-noun

tissue (countable and uncountable, plural tissues)

From Middle English tissu, from Old French tissu (“woven”), past participle of tistre (“to weave”), from Latin texō (“to weave”).

Pricing the first show is a matter of the bookmaker's individual judgment, relying upon advice from all quarters, particularly the tissue; but very soon in the betting exchanges it becomes clear that the sole criterion for the fixing of a horse's price is demand.

2016, Gerald Hammond, The Language of Horse Racing:

(horse racing, slang) The scratch sheet or racing form.


handle

desctree

→ Japanese: ハンドル (handoru)
→ Hokkien: 捍多路 (hăn-tó͘-luh)
→ Sakizaya: handulu

From Middle English handel, handle, from Old English handle (“a handle”), from handlian (“to handle, feel, deal with, discuss”). See verb below. Cognate with Danish handel (“a handle”).

(horse racing, gambling) The amount wagered in the various pari-mutuel pools for a particular event or events.


handle

(Uri) to stroke the teats of a dairy cow until they fill with milk


mare

Borrowed from Latin mare (“sea”). Doublet of mar and mere.

Kraken Mare (a lake of liquid hydrocarbons on Titan which is slightly larger than the Caspian Sea)

(planetology) On Saturn's moon Titan, any of several lakes which are large expanses of what is thought to be liquid hydrocarbons.


mandarin

→ Irish: mandairín

From Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri, and its source, Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), from मन्त्र (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -इन् (-in, an agent suffix). In Chinese folk etymology, the word originates from Mandarin 滿大人 /满大人 (Mǎndàrén, literally “Manchu important man”).

com

LIKE THE MANDARINS of old, the rulers of China live behind high walls. When they emerge, which they rarely do, they travel in cars with rear windows curtained like sedan chairs.
They live in the Chung Nan Hai, a walled park adjacent to the Forbidden City from where ancient dynasties ruled the Celestial Empire.

1991, Chris Mullin, The Year of the Fire Monkey (Fiction), London: Chatto & Windus, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 252:

(historical) A high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire.


stallion

From Middle English stalion, from Middle French estalon (whence modern French étalon), of Germanic origin, akin to stall. Displaced native Old English henġest.

An adult male horse.
A male horse kept primarily as a stud.


foal

From Middle English fole, from Old English fola, from Proto-West Germanic *folō, from Proto-Germanic *fulô, from pre-Germanic *pl̥Hon-, from Proto-Indo-European *pōlH- (“animal young”) (cognate with Saterland Frisian Foole, West Frisian fôle, foalle, Dutch veulen, German Low German Fohl, German Fohlen, Fohle, Swedish fåle; compare also Ancient Greek πῶλος (pôlos), Latin pullus, Albanian pelë (“mare”), Old Armenian ուլ (ul, “kid, fawn”). Related to filly.

inh

(mining, historical) A young boy who assisted the headsman by pushing or pulling the tub.


filly

From Old Norse fylja (whence Danish føl), related to foal. Cognate with Dutch veulen, German Fohlen.


colt

en-verb

colt (third-person singular simple present colts, present participle colting, simple past and past participle colted)

colts (present singular third-person)
colting (participle present)
colted (participle past)
colted (past)

From Middle English colt, from Old English colt, from Proto-Germanic *kultaz (“plump; stump; thick shape, bulb”), from Proto-Indo-European *gelt- (“something round, pregnant belly, child in the womb”), from *gel- (“to ball up, amass”). Cognate with Faroese koltur (“colt, foal”) Norwegian kult (“treestump”), Swedish kult (“young boar, boy, lad”). Related to child.

der

Never talk on't: / She hath been colted by him.

1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], line 133:

(obsolete, transitive) To horse; to get with young.


colt

coltes (plural)
colte (alternative)
collt (alternative)
kowlt (alternative)

English: colt

Scots: colt, cout, cowt

Yola: caule, caul, cawl, kawle

From Old English colt, from Proto-Germanic *kultaz.


colt

colt (nominative singular)
coltas (nominative plural)
colt (accusative singular)
coltas (accusative plural)
coltes (genitive singular)
colta (genitive plural)
colte (dative singular)
coltum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: colt, colte, collt, kowlt
English: colt
Scots: colt, cout, cowt
Yola: caule, caul, cawl, kawle

From Proto-Germanic *kultaz (“plump; stump; thick shape, bulb”), from Proto-Indo-European *gelt- (“something round, pregnant belly, child in the womb”), from *gel- (“to ball up, amass”).


calf

en-noun

calf (plural calves or (nonstandard) calfs)

calves (plural)
calfs (nonstandard plural)

From Middle English calf, from Anglian Old English cælf, calf (West Saxon ċealf); also cognate with German Kalb (“calf”), Dutch kalf (“calf”) and Danish kalv (“calf”), from Proto-Germanic *kalbaz, further etymology unknown.

New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

Leather made of the skin of the calf; especially, a fine, light-coloured leather used in bookbinding.

A young deer, elephant, seal, whale or giraffe (also used of some other animals).

دَغْفَل

young deer, elephant, seal or whale (also used of some other animals)

kalv

of other animals, e.g., moose or antelope

1915 (published), 1848 (first written), Elisha Kent Kane, Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack
Our swell ceases with this wind, and the floes seem disposed to come together again; but the days of winter have passed by, and the interposing calves prevent the apposition of the edges

A chunk of ice broken from a larger glacier, ice shelf, or iceberg.

kalv

chunk of ice broken off of a larger glacier, ice shelf, or iceberg


calf

From Middle English calf, kalf, from Old Norse kalfi, possibly derived from the same Germanic root as English calf (“young cow”) (above). Cognate with Icelandic kálfi (“calf of the leg”).

Sure, his calves are a little weak, but the rest of his physique is so overwhelming, he should place high.

1988, Steve Holman, “Christian Conquers Columbus”, in Ironman, 47 (6): 28-34:

The muscle in the back of the leg below the knee.


calf

Dutch: kalf

Limburgish: kalf

From Old Dutch calf, from Proto-Germanic *kalbaz.


calf

enm-noun

calf (plural calver(e) or calveren or calves)

calver (plural)
calveren (plural)
calves (plural)
calfe (alternative)
chalf (alternative)
chalve (alternative)
chelve (alternative)
kelf (alternative)
kalf (alternative)

English: calf

Scots: cauf, cawf, caff, calf

Yola: callef, calef, calluf

From Anglian Old English calf, cælf (West Saxon ċealf), Proto-West Germanic *kalb, from Proto-Germanic *kalbaz.

⁊ þe firſte beeſte .· liyk a lioun / ⁊ þe ſecounde beeſte .· lijk a calf / ⁊ þe þꝛidde beeſte .· hauynge a face as of a man / ⁊ þe fourþe beeſte .· liyk an egle fleynge

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 4:7, page 118v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And the first beast [was] like a lion; and the second beast [was] like a calf; and the third beast had a face like a human; and the fourth beast [was] like an eagle flying.

A representation of a calf; something that looks like a calf.


ewe

From Middle English ewe, from Old English eowu, from Proto-West Germanic *awi, from Proto-Germanic *awiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis (“sheep”).
Cognates
See also Old English ēow (“sheep”), West Frisian ei, Dutch ooi, German Aue); also Old Irish oí, Latin ovis, Tocharian B ā(ᵤ)w, Lithuanian avìs (“ewe”), Russian овца́ (ovcá).

This twentie yeeres haue I bene with thee: thy ewes and thy ſhee goates haue not caſt their yong, and the rammes of thy flocke haue I not eaten.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 31:38, column 2:


ewe

ewen (plural)
awe (alternative)
eu (alternative)
ouwe (alternative)
yeue (alternative)
yowe (alternative)

English: ewe

Scots: yowe, yhow

Yola: yowe

Inherited from Old English eowu, from Proto-West Germanic *awi, from Proto-Germanic *awiz.

University of Michigan
w:University of Michigan


ewe

fro-noun

ewe oblique singular, f (oblique plural ewes, nominative singular ewe, nominative plural ewes)

ewe oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
ewes (oblique plural)
ewe (nominative singular)
ewes (nominative plural)
iaue (alternative)
egua (alternative)
euwe (alternative)

E caunt ele estoyt de tut chargé
La ewe vint curant a grant plenté.

And when it [the Ark] was fully loaded
 the waters ran high and fast.

L'ewe est bele e parfond qui en la cité cort

The water which runs through the city is beautiful and deep

En bacins d'or ewe aporterent

They brought water in basins made of gold


ewe

ewe oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
ewes (oblique plural)
ewe (nominative singular)
ewes (nominative plural)
ive (alternative)
iewe (alternative)


cheval

fr-noun

cheval m (plural chevaux, feminine jument)

Antillean Creole: chouval

Canadian French: joual

Louisiana Creole: shval

Guianese Creole: chouval

Haitian Creole: chwal

Michif: zhwal

→ English: cheval

→ Esperanto: ĉevalo

→ Garifuna: xuval

→ Malagasy: soavaly

→ Mi'kmaq: te'sipow

Inherited from Middle French cheval, from Old French cheval, from Late Latin caballus (“horse”), from Latin caballus (“pack horse”), of disputed origin.

à cheval donné on ne regarde pas la bride

à cheval donné on ne regarde pas les dents

ne pas se trouver sous le sabot d’un cheval

ne pas se trouver sous les sabots d’un cheval

(slang) a tall and slim woman, a beautiful woman (only in the feminine form, jument (lit., mare))


午

ngọ (Hán-Nôm)
ngỏ (Hán-Nôm)
ngõ (Hán-Nôm)

chữ Hán form of Ngọ (“seventh of the twelve earthly branches”).


塒

Compound of 寝(ね) (ne) + 座(くら) (kura). The kura changes to gura as an instance of rendaku (連濁).


彖

They will most likely reply that Fu Hsi composed the Eight Trigrams, when Wên Wang developed in sixty-four, and that Confucius wrote the definitions, illustrations, and annexes. By the joint efforts of these three Sages the Yiking was completed.

Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE

Bǐ jiāng yìng yuē: “Fúxī zuò bāguà, Wénwáng yǎn wèi liùshísì, Kǒngzǐ zuò tuàn, xiàng, “jìcí”. Sānshèng zhòng yè, “yì” nǎi jù zú.”

彼將應曰：「伏羲作八卦，文王演為六十四，孔子作彖、象、《繫辭》。三聖重業，《易》乃具足。」

彼将应曰：「伏羲作八卦，文王演为六十四，孔子作彖、象、《系辞》。三圣重业，《易》乃具足。」

exposition on a divinatory trigram or hexagram from the I Ching


classic

classics (plural)
classick (alternative)

From French classique, from Latin classicus (“relating to the classes of Roman citizenry, especially the highest”), from classis. By surface analysis, class + -ic. Piecewise doublet of classy.

der

The goal of the top horses was to win a Classic (or preferably three, thus claiming the Triple Crown) or the Ascot Gold Cup, […]

2012, Dr Joyce Kay, Professor Wray Vamplew, Encyclopedia of British Horse Racing, page 316:

(horse racing) Any of the British Classic Races, five long-standing Group 1 horse races run during the traditional flat racing season.


烏

chữ Hán form of ô (“(of a horse) black”).


牛

Wutunhua: nek

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

Pictogram (象形) of a bull's head.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋwa.
;"awesome"

傲人

nowadays especially of breasts, body curve

細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛 / 细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛

sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû

bovine, e.g. cow, bull, ox, buffalo, bison, yak (Classifier: 頭／头 m c mb md; 條／条 m g h x; 隻／只 m c g mn w x)

牛屄

牛人

(Mainland China, Mandarin, slang) awesome; powerful

Twenty-Eight Mansions
w:Twenty-Eight Mansions

(～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Ox (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)

(physics) Short for 牛頓／牛顿 (niúdùn, “newton”).

(Hong Kong Cantonese, computing) Short for 火牛 (“transformer”). (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


牛

牛 (canonical)
牛 (canonical)
ushi (romanization)

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *usi.

1999 November 18, “牛(ぎゅう)魔(ま)人(じん) [Bull Jinn]”, in Vol.6, Konami:

A bovine jinn who resides in the woods. He’ll charge at you and stick you with his horns.

森に住む牛の魔人。ツノを突き出し突進して攻撃。

Mori ni sumu ushi no majin. Tsuno o tsukidashi tosshin shite kōgeki.

1999 December 1, “ミノタウルス [Minotaurus]”, in BOOSTER 6, Konami:

A bovine monster with tremendous power who chops up anyone in his way with one axe swing.

すごい力を持つウシの怪物。オノひと振りで何でもなぎ倒す。

Sugoi chikara o motsu ushi no kaibutsu. Ono hitofuri de nani demo nagitaosu.

cow, bull, ox, cattle, a domestic bovine


牛

From Proto-Ryukyuan *usi, from Proto-Japonic *usi.


犏

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 牛 (“cow”) + phonetic 扁 (OC *pʰen, *benʔ, *peːnʔ, *beːnʔ).

Han compound

When a yak cow mates with a yellow bull, they shall give birth to a dzo.

15th century CE, 葉盛 (Yèshèng), 水東日記 Diary from East of the River

Máoniú yǔ huángniú hé, zé shēng piānniú.

牦牛與黃牛合，則生犏牛。

牦牛与黄牛合，则生犏牛。


犢

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l'oːɡ): semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ).
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *luk (“sheep”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with 羭 (OC *lo, “sheep”), Tibetan ལུག (lug, “sheep”).
Other etymologies have been proposed:
* Boodberg (1937) relates it to Tibetan ཕྲུག (phrug, “calf”), which Schuessler (2007) deems unlikely.
* Norman (1988) suggests that it may be a loan from Mongolic or Tungusic; compare Mongolian ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯ (tuɣul, “calf”), Manchu ᡨᡠᡴᡧᠠᠨ (tukšan, “calf”). This is an unlikely etymology due to recent developments in the reconstruction of Old Chinese, where *l- (rather than older reconstructions with *d-) would be a poor match for Mongolic/Tungusic t-, as well as new archaeological evidence suggesting that the word is likely older than previously assumed (Miyake, 2017; Cao, 2021).
* It could also be related to 畜 (OC *l̥ʰuɡs, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ, “to nourish; domestic animal”) (Schuessler, 2007).

och-l

When the Son of Heaven visits a feudal lord, the lord offers him a calf for food.

The Book of Rites, c. 4ᵗʰ – 2ⁿᵈ century BCE

天子適諸侯，諸侯膳以犢。

天子适诸侯，诸侯膳以犊。

1919, 《新舊約全書：官話和合譯本》 [Mandarin Bible, Union Version], Shanghai: American Bible Society, 約伯記 [Job] 21:10:

Their bulls never fail to breed. Their cows bear calves and never miscarry. [New Living Translation]

Tāmen de gōngniú zīshēng ér bù duànjué. Mǔniú xià dú ér bù diàotāi.

他們的公牛孳生而不斷絕．母牛下犢而不掉胎。

他们的公牛孳生而不断绝．母牛下犊而不掉胎。


bullet

en-noun

bullet (countable and uncountable, plural bullets)

From Middle English bullet (“an official tag or badge of registration or identification”), from Old French bullete, diminutive of boule (“ball”). Later influenced by Middle French boulette and French boulet.

inh

Nakamura is a different animal at 15-minute rapid and five-minute blitz and even more so at one-minute bullet, and in this match he adopted a psychological approach which paid off brilliantly.

2020 August 21, Leonard Barden, “Chess: Carlsen fights back from brink to overcome Nakamura in 38-game epic”, in The Guardian:

Carlsen also has been engaging in online marathons of "bullet chess," exactly the kind of attention-disrupting, energy-draining stunt contenders are supposed to avoid. In a bullet game, each player has only one minute for all the moves. The pace is so rapid the games are hard to watch, much less play.

2021 November 24, Tyler Cowen, “Chess Is an Esport Now. Get Used to It.”, in The Washington Post:

Even today, when they're home, the siblings indulge in a friendly game or two. "We love playing bullet games. It's a format where we make really quick moves," he says, pausing to add, "Think of it like a super over in cricket."

2022 July 27, Srinivasa Ramanujam, “'Feels like a festival': Praggnanandhaa on Chess Olympiad and meeting Rajinikanth”, in The Hindu:

(chess, uncountable) Short for bullet chess.


passage

From French passager, from Italian passeggiare.

(dressage) A movement in classical dressage, in which the horse performs a very collected, energetic, and elevated trot that has a longer period of suspension between each foot fall than a working trot.


passage

en-verb

passage (third-person singular simple present passages, present participle passaging, simple past and past participle passaged)

passages (present singular third-person)
passaging (participle present)
passaged (participle past)
passaged (past)

After a spring or two, the horse passaged and reared, and lighting on a flat slab of rock which cropped up in the middle of the road, slipped sideways and fell with a loud crash […]

1915, Cunninghame Graham, Hope, page 18:

(intransitive, dressage) To execute a passage movement.


passage

passage (indefinite nominative singular)
passages (genitive indefinite singular)
passagen (definite nominative singular)
passagens (definite genitive singular)
passager (indefinite nominative plural)
passagers (genitive indefinite plural)
passagerna (definite nominative plural)
passagernas (definite genitive plural)

From Old French passage, from passer (“to pass”).


ruin

nl-noun

ruin m (plural ruinen, diminutive ruintje n)

ruinen (plural)
ruintje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch rûun. Cognate with Middle Low German rûne, Middle High German rūn. Further origin unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to dig out, rip off”).


羔

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 羊 (“caprid”) + 灬 (“fire”) – a lamb being cooked on a fire. The definition may have come from animals like lambs being apt for cooking and eating.
According to the Shuowen Jiezi, phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kluː): semantic 羊 + abbreviated phonetic 照 (OC *tjews).


ah

From earlier *ak (whence the possessive forms), from Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔaar (“chicken”). Cognates include Khumi Chin ae and Mizo ár.

Gallus gallus
Gallus gallus#Translingual


翰

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns): phonetic 倝 (OC *kaːns) + semantic 羽 (“feather”).

Han compound

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) golden pheasant


rein

From Middle English rein, reyne, from Anglo-Norman reyne, resne, from Early Medieval Latin retina, ultimately from Classical Latin retineō (“hold back”), from re- + teneō (“keep, hold”). Compare modern French rêne.
Displaced native Old English brīdel (“bridle, rein”), Old English wealdleþer, ġewealdleþer (“rein, bridle”, literally “control strap”), Old English sāl (“cord, rein”), Old English tyġel (“rein”), and Old English lādtēah, lāttēh (“leash, rein”).

A strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit, used to control a horse, animal or young child.

The government is attempting to keep a rein on rising prices.

Let their eyes rove without rein.

1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

(figurative) An instrument or means of curbing, restraining, or governing.


rein

From Anglo-Norman reines, Middle French reins, and their source, Latin rēnēs. Doublet of ren.

My reins rejoice, when thy lips speak right things.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Proverbs 23:16:

I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 2:23:

The inward impulses; the affections and passions, formerly supposed to be located in the area of the kidneys.


bij

nl-adj

bij (used only predicatively, not comparable)

From Middle Dutch bi, from Old Dutch bī, from Proto-West Germanic *bī, from Proto-Germanic *bi.

Eerst leek hij te langzaam, maar nu is hij weer bij.

First he seemed too slow, but now he has caught up again.


ham

Uncertain, though it is generally agreed upon that it first appeared in print around the 1880s. At least four theories persist:
* It came naturally from the word amateur. Deemed likely by Hendrickson (1997), but then the question would be why it took so long to pop up. He rejects the folk etymology of Cockney slang hamateur because it originated in American English.
* From the play Hamlet, where the title character was often played poorly and/or in an exaggerated manner. Also deemed likely by Hendrickson, though he raises the issue that the term would have likely been around earlier if this were case.
* From the minstrel's practice of using ham fat to remove heavy black makeup used during performances.
* Shortened from hamfatter (“inferior actor”), said to derive from the 1863 minstrel show song The Ham-fat Man. William and Mary Morris (1988) argue that it's not known whether the song inspired the term or the term inspired the song, but that they believe the latter is the case.


蜂

desc

→ Proto-Southwestern Tai: *pʰɤŋꟲ (“bee; beeswax”)

Ahom: 𑜇𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (phüṅ)

Lao: ເຜິ້ງ (phœng, “bee”)

Lü: ᦕᦹᧂᧉ (ṗhueng²)

Shan: ၽိုင်ႈ (phūeng, “bee”)

Thai: ผึ้ง (pʉ̂ng, “bee”)

Simplified from 蠭. Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *boːŋ, *pʰoŋ): semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 夆 (OC *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds) – a kind of insect.
Cognate with Tibetan བུང་བ (bung ba, “bee”) (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT lists 蜂 as a Chinese comparandum under its Proto-Sino-Tibetan root *pljum (“bee, wasp”).
May be ultimately of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔu(ə)ŋ ~ hu(ə)ŋ (“bee, wasp, hornet”), whence Vietnamese ong (“bee”).

cog

蜜蜂

黃蜂／黄蜂

The sages learned from the bees to have monarchs and subjects, and they learned from the spiders to have nets of justice. They learned from the ground squirrels to establish politeness, and they learned from the warring ants to deploy armies. The masses learn from the worthies, the worthies learn from the sages, and the sages learn from the myriad things.

Shèngrén shī fēng, lì jūnchén; shī zhīzhū, lì wǎnggǔ; shī gǒngshǔ, zhì lǐ; shī zhàn yǐ, zhì bīng. Zhòngrén shī xiánrén, xiánrén shī shèngrén, shèngrén shī wànwù.

聖人師蜂，立君臣；師蜘蛛，立網罟；師拱鼠，制禮；師戰蟻，置兵。眾人師賢人，賢人師聖人，聖人師萬物。

圣人师蜂，立君臣；师蜘蛛，立网罟；师拱鼠，制礼；师战蚁，置兵。众人师贤人，贤人师圣人，圣人师万物。

Apoidea or Vespa (wasps, bees and hornets)

蜂蜜

In the survival capsule, [you] learn to plant flowers, the honey will meet the bee

tou⁴ sang¹ cong¹, noi⁶ leoi⁵ hok⁶ zung³ faa¹, mat⁶ wui⁵ jyu⁶ soeng⁵ fung¹

逃生艙 內裡學種花 蜜會遇上蜂

逃生舱 内里学种花 蜜会遇上蜂


蜂

蜂 (canonical)
蜂 (canonical)
hachi (romanization)

Bee
Kojiki
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Wasp
ja:ハチ

/pati/ → /fati/ → /fat͡ɕi/ → /hat͡ɕi/
From Old Japanese. First cited to the Kojiki of 712 CE with the logographic spelling 蜂. In turn, from Proto-Japonic *pati.
Compare Korean 벌 (beol, “bee, wasp, hornet”).

蜂〈𧍙附〉 説文云蜂蠆〈峰帯二音 和名波知〉螫人虫也 四声字苑云𧍙〈音范〉蜂子也

938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō:

Bee (also 𧍙), has been said it is some kind of scorpion (The two characters are read [in Chinese as] futai; the Japanese pronunciation is fati). [The bee] stings people, insects, etc. (The four characters are read [in Chinese as] syau-zi-won-un). Also called 𧍙 (read [in Chinese as bon]) and FUSI.


rot

en-verb

rot (third-person singular simple present rots, present participle rotting, simple past and past participle rotted)

rots (present singular third-person)
rotting (participle present)
rotted (participle past)
rotted (past)

Inherited from Middle English roten, rotten, from Old English rotian (“to rot, become corrupted, ulcerate, putrefy”), from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn, from Proto-Germanic *rutāną (“to rot”).

inh

to rot in prison

to rot in Hell

If I hadn't rotted in bed all day I would've come...

Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons.

1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:

Rot, poor bachelor, in your club.

1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, The Book of Snobs:

(intransitive, figurative) To spend a long period of time (in an unpleasant place or state).


豕

Pictogram (象形) – a pig. Compare 亥, 𢑓 (male pig), and 豖 (castrated male pig). See also the original version on oracle bones of 敢.
Related to 㒸, in which however the pig is a phonetic component.
Possibly from Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *liik ~ *lik (“pig”) and Mon ကၠိက် (kloik, “pig”). Also occurs in the Cai-Long languages, from which Hölzl (2021) derives the name Ta-Li for the aforementioned language subgroup.

There are many swine, with their trotters white, wading through the waves.

The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

有豕白蹢、烝涉波矣。

As to seizing dogs, pigs, chickens, and young pigs from another, it is even more unrighteous than to steal peaches and plums from someone's orchard. Why? Because it causes others to suffer more, and it is more malevolent and culpable.

Zhì rǎng rén quǎn shǐ jī tún zhě, qí bùyì yòu shèn rù rén yuánpǔ qiè táolǐ. Shì hégù yě? Yǐ kuī rén yù duō, qí bùrén zī shèn, zuì yì hòu.

至攘人犬豕雞豚者，其不義又甚入人園圃竊桃李。是何故也？以虧人愈多，其不仁茲甚，罪益厚。

至攘人犬豕鸡豚者，其不义又甚入人园圃窃桃李。是何故也？以亏人愈多，其不仁兹甚，罪益厚。


豚

豚 (canonical)
豚 (canonical)
buta (romanization)

→ Ainu: プタ (puta)

Domestic pig
Muromachi period
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:ブタ

First attested in the mid-Muromachi period, some time in the late 1480s.
Derivation ultimately unknown.
Some sources list possible theories:
* A shift from 太 (futo, “fatty (fat individual), fatness”)
*: The vowel shift and voicing required to go from futo to buta seem problematic, considering Japanese sound shift patterns.
* Cognate with Okinawan ぶたさん (butasan, “fat”).
* An onomatopoeia from the sound the animal makes, realized in Japanese as ブー (bū)
*: The final -ta remains unexplained.
* Some combination of the two above
* A shift from 猪太 (ibuto, literally “swine + fatty”)
*: Attestable online, but not found in Japanese etymological resources. Difficult to judge provenance or timing.
* A borrowing from Korean or Mongolian
*: Neither Korean 돼지 (dwaeji, “pig”) nor Mongolian гахай (gaxaj, “pig”) show any phonological resemblance to buta, ruling out these possibilities.
The word butakal appears in several languages of the Philippines with a sense of boar (male pig), suggesting a possible source. However, any connection with an Austronesian language is only speculation.
The kanji is from Chinese 豚 (tún, “suckling pig”). Compare Japanese 猪 (inoshishi, “boar”) from Chinese 猪 (zhū, “pig”) and Japanese 猿 (saru, “monkey”) from Chinese 猿 (yuán, “ape”).

豚小屋

pigsty (enclosure where pigs are kept); pigsty (dirty or very untidy place)

焼き豚

char siu, a style of barbecue pork wherein the meat is truss, marinate, skewer, and then roast

赤(あか)菱(びし)さんのカードは８(はち)とＪ(ジャック)のツーペア‥‥三(みつ)矢(や)さんはＡ(エース)のスリーカード 雲(くも)間(ま)さんはＱ(クイーン)のワンペア 緑(みとり)川(かわ)さんは役なし(ブタ)‥‥

2000 July 7 [2000 May 17], Seimaru Amagi with Sato, Fumiya, “FILE(ファイル) 1(いち) 殺(さつ)人(じん)ポーカー Unlucky Men in the Rain 〈問(もん)題(だい)編(へん)〉 [FILE 1: Murderous Poker: Unlucky Men in the Rain ‹Problem›]”, in 明智警視の優雅なる事件簿 [Superintendent Akechi Elegant Case Files], 3rd edition (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:

Akabishi-san’s hand would have a two pair, eights and jacks‥‥ Mitsuya-san’s a three of a kind, aces. Kumoma-san’s a one pair, queens. Midorikawa-san’s a high card...

Akabishi-san no kādo wa hachi to jakku no tsū-pea... Mitsuya-san wa ēsu no surī-kādo, Kumoma-san wa kuīn no wan-pea, Midorikawa-san wa buta...

ハイカード ハイカード#Japanese

(colloquial, poker) synonym of ハイカード (hai kādo, “high card”): a no pair, a hand without even a pair (probably a modification of the term for a zero-valued card hand)


豝

→ Proto-Hmong: *mpæꟲ (“pig”)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *praː): semantic 豕 (“pig; boar”) + phonetic 巴 (OC *praː).
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷak (“pig”); if so, cognate with Tibetan ཕག (phag), Burmese ဝက် (wak) (Benedict, 1972; STEDT).
However, there are phonological mismatches:
* A medial *-r- in Old Chinese should correspond to a pre-initial in Tibeto-Burman, but this is not present (Schuessler, 2007).
* A final *-k is present in Tibeto-Burman yet absent in Old Chinese, which is an irregular correspondence (Schuessler, 2007; Sagart, 2011b).
Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) considers Waic *bras (“wild boar”) a better match. Meanwhile Sagart (2011b) suggests Tibetan བ (ba, “female cow”) and Queyu bra (“female cow”) as possible comparanda; if so, a semantic analogy would be 豬 (OC *ta, “pig”), possibly a rural dialectal variant (from the sound changes *ʈa < *tra < *Cra) of 豭 (OC *kraː, “male pig”) and its homophone 麚 (OC *kraː, “stag”), with *kra meaning "male animal" generally (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

† - has given birth or used for breeding

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 羓 (bā, “dried meat”)


豟

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) large pig


豬

→ Thai: ตือ (dtʉʉ)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ta): semantic 豕 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Löffler (1966) considers Mru tia (“(wild) pig”) to be cognate.
Fangyan states that 豭 (OC *kraː) is a dialectal variant of 豬 (OC *ta), yet *kra was apparently older than *t(r)a and homophonic with 麚 (OC *kraː, “stag”); so instead *t(r)a is possibly an early rural dialectal variant (from the sound changes *ʈa < *tra < *Cra) of *kra, which would have had a general meaning of "male animal". See 豭 for more.

Han compound

1919, 《新舊約全書：官話和合譯本》 [Mandarin Bible, Union Version], Shanghai: American Bible Society, 馬太福音 [Matthew] 8:30:

Now there was afar off from them a herd of many swine feeding. (English Revised Version)

Lí tāmen hěn yuǎn, yǒu yī dà qún zhū chīshí.

離他們很遠、有一大羣豬喫食。

离他们很远、有一大群猪吃食。

May "pig things" (homophonous with "all things") go well with you! (used to wish a happy Chinese New Year in the Year of the Pig)

豬事順利！（諸事順利！）

猪事顺利！（诸事顺利！）

pig; hog; swine (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 口 m; 隻／只 c mn; 條／条 c h)


boc

head

boc m (genitive buic, nominative plural buic)

buic (genitive)
buic (nominative plural)
boc (nominative singular)
bocc (nominative singular)
boc (dual nominative)
bocc (dual nominative)
buic (nominative plural)
buicc (nominative plural)
buic (singular vocative)
buicc (singular vocative)
boc (dual vocative)
bocc (dual vocative)
buccu (plural vocative)
boc (accusative singular)
bocc (accusative singular)
boc (accusative dual)
bocc (accusative dual)
buccu (accusative plural)
buic (genitive singular)
buicc (genitive singular)
boc (dual genitive)
bocc (dual genitive)
boc (genitive plural)
bocc (genitive plural)
buc (dative singular)
bucc (dative singular)
bocaib (dative dual)
bocaib (dative plural)
boc
mboc
bocc (alternative)

Irish: boc

Scottish Gaelic: boc

Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑ái fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.

It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.


abeille

→ Esperanto: abelo

Ido: abelo

Inherited from Middle French abeille, from Old Occitan abelha, from Latin apicula, diminutive of apis (whence the Old French ef).

Je me suis fait piquer par une abeille

Alors, contentez-vous du travail comme la fourmi, et du miel comme l’abeille.

So be happy with work, like the ant, and honey, like the bee.

Chaque ruche, en ce début d’automne, abrite quelque 15 000 abeilles, le «pic» de 50 000 étant atteint vers juillet, la reine pouvant pondre jusqu’à 1500 oeufs par jour.

2012 September 10, Anne-Marie Duquette, L'Action:

Each hive, at the start of autumn, houses some 15,000 bees, with a peak of 50,000 reached by July, the queen laying up to 1,500 eggs per day.


miel

ro-noun

miel m (plural miei, feminine equivalent mia)

miei (plural)
equivalent mia (feminine)
miel (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mielul (accusative definite nominative singular)
miei (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mieii (accusative definite nominative plural)
miel (indefinite singular)
mielului (definite singular)
miei (indefinite singular)
mieilor (definite plural)
mielule (singular vocative)
mieilor (vocative)

For earlier *amniel, from Latin agnellus (“lambkin, little lamb”), diminutive of agnus (“lamb”). Not to be confused with miere (“honey”).


скот

mk-noun

скот • (skot) m (relational adjective скотски)

skot (romanization)
скотски (adjective relational)
скот (indefinite singular)
скотови (indefinite plural)
скотот (definite singular unspecified)
скотовите (definite plural unspecified)
скотов (definite proximal singular)
скотовиве (definite plural proximal)
скотон (definite distal singular)
скотовине (definite distal plural)
скоту (singular vocative)
скотови (plural vocative)
скота (count-form plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *skotъ, with unclear origins; possibly a Germanic loanword, from Proto-Germanic *skattaz (“cattle”).


скот

ru-noun+

скот • (skot) m inan (genitive скота́, uncountable)

skot (romanization)
скота́ (genitive)
ско́т (nominative singular)
скота́ (genitive singular)
скоту́ (dative singular)
ско́т (accusative singular)
ското́м (instrumental singular)
скоте́ (prepositional singular)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *skotъ, a Germanic loanword, from Proto-Germanic *skattaz (“cattle”).

убо́йный скот

ме́лкий рога́тый скот


蹄

Compound of ひ (hi, of indeterminate origin) + 爪 (tsume, “nail, claw”). The tsume changes to zume as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Compare the formation of related terms 平爪 (hirazume, “nail”, literally “flat nail”), 鉤爪 (kagizume, “claw”, literally “hook nail”).
First cited to roughly 934 CE in the Wamyō Ruijushō.

compound

(figurative, uncommon) an excellent horse, a fast horse

有蹄動物

an [[ungulate]], a [[hoofed]] [[animal]]


line

From Old English līn (“flax, linen, cloth”). For more information, see the entry linen.

(obsolete) Flax; linen, particularly the longer fiber of flax.

lijn

obsolete: flax, linen — see also flax, linen


bishop

en-verb

bishop (third-person singular simple present bishops, present participle bishoping or bishopping, simple past and past participle bishoped or bishopped)

bishops (present singular third-person)
bishoping (participle present)
bishopping (participle present)
bishoped (participle past)
bishoped (past)
bishopped (participle past)
bishopped (past)
byshop (alternative)

From Middle English bischop, bishop, bisshop, biscop, from Old English bisċop (“bishop”), from Proto-West Germanic *biskop, from Vulgar Latin (e)biscopus, from classical Latin episcopus (“overseer, supervisor”), from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”), from ἐπί (epí, “over”) + σκοπός (skopós, “watcher”), used in Greek and Latin both generally and as a title of civil officers. Cognate with all European terms for the position in various Christian churches; compare bisp.

der

1727, R. Bradley, Family Dict. at "Horse"
This way of making a Horse look young is... called Bishoping.

Bishopped, or To bishop. A term among horſe dealers, for burning the mark into a horſe's tooth, after he has loſt it by age... It is a common ſaying of milk that is burnt to, that the biſhop has fet his foot in it. Formerly, when a biſhop paſſed through a village, all the inhabitants ran out of their houſes to ſolicit his bleſſing, even leaving their milk, &c. on the fire, to take its chance; which, when burnt to, was ſaid to be biſhopped.

1788, A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue, 2nd edition, Francis Grose:

I found his teeth had been filed down and bishoped with the greatest neatness and perfection.

1840, E. E. Napier, Scenes & Sports Foreign Lands, I. v. 138:

(by extension, of equestrianism) To make a horse seem younger, particularly by manipulation of its teeth.


taurus

la-noun

taurus m (genitive taurī); second declension

taurī (genitive)
taurus (nominative singular)
taurī (nominative plural)
taurī (genitive singular)
taurōrum (genitive plural)
taurō (dative singular)
taurīs (dative plural)
taurum (accusative singular)
taurōs (accusative plural)
taurō (ablative singular)
taurīs (ablative plural)
taure (singular vocative)
taurī (plural vocative)
tarvus (alternative)
tarvos (alternative)

Aromanian: tavru

Asturian: toru

Catalan: toro

Corsican: toru

→ English: Taurus

French: taureau

Friulian: taur

Ido: tauro

Interlingua: tauro

Italian: toro

Norman: touothé

Occitan: taur

Old French: tor

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: touro
Galician: touro
Portuguese: touro, toiro

Romanian: taur

Romansch: taur

Sardinian: trau

Sicilian: tàuru, tàvuru

Spanish: toro (see there for further descendants)

Venetan: toro

Walloon: torea

[ˈt̪äu̯rʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *tauros, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.


taureau

Inherited from Old French torel, a derivation of tor, taur, from Latin taurus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.


轡

Compound of 口 (kutsu, “mouth”, apophonic form of 口(くち) (kuchi)) + 環 (wa, “ring”)


辻

辻 (canonical)
tsuji (romanization)
tuzi (romanization)
つじ (hiragana historical)

Daijisen
Extended shinjitai
Kyūjitai
Shinjitai
ja:松村明

/tumuzi/ → */tuːzi/ → /t͡suʑi/
Shift from tsumuji (see below).

Short for 辻総 (tsujibusa): (dated, equestrianism) a decoration attached to the martingale


άλογο

álogo (romanization)
άλογα (plural)
alogína (romanization)
alóga (romanization)
άλογο (nominative singular)
άλογα (nominative plural)
αλόγου (genitive singular)
αλόγων (genitive plural)
άλογο (accusative singular)
άλογα (accusative plural)
άλογο (singular vocative)
άλογα (plural vocative)

For the animal, inherited from Koine Greek ἄλογον (álogon, “horse, cavalry”), neuter form of Ancient Greek ἄλογος (álogos, “unreasoning, speechless”, adjective).
For the unit of power, a semantic loan from Greek ίππος (íppos), from ancient Ancient Greek ἵππος (híppos, “horse”).

inh

ίππος ίππος#Greek

(chess) knight, a colloquial alternative of ίππος (íppos)

ίππος ίππος#Greek

(metric unit) horsepower, a collloquial alternative of ίππος (íppos) (for engines of cars)


dam

daim (genitive)
dam
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndam

Irish: damh

Manx: dow

Scottish Gaelic: damh

Dam ocus tinne in cach coiri.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 12:

[There was] an ox and a side of bacon in each cauldron.


鐙

鐙 (canonical)
abumi (romanization)
あぶみ (hiragana historical)

足(あ) (a, “foot”) + 踏(ふ)み (fumi, continuative form of 踏(ふ)む (fumu, “to step on”)). The fumi changes to bumi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

ja-compound

1904, 河口慧海, チベット旅行記, 青空文庫:

低い椽に腰を掛けたような具合にごく鐙の紐を短くして足を折って乗って居る。

Hikui en ni koshi o kaketa yō na guai ni goku abumi no himo o mijikaku shite ashi o otte notte iru.

They ride with their stirrup straps very short and with their legs bent, in a manner like that of sitting on a low en.


雁

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (雁):
* → Japanese: 雁(がん) (gan)
* → Vietnamese: nhạn (雁)

→ Vietnamese: ngan (鴳)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ŋraːns): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 人 + semantic 隹.
Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-n (“goose”) (tentatively reconstructed); cognate with Tibetan ངང་པ (ngang pa), Burmese ငန်း (ngan:).
Related to 鵝 (OC *ŋaːl, “domestic goose”); both 鵝 and 雁 likely reflect an earlier liquid final (Schuessler, 2007; cf. Baxter and Sagart's reconstruction). Alternatively, it may derive from 鵝 with nominalizing suffix *-n, but this Chinese-internal derivation is problematic in light of the cognates in Tibeto-Burman (Schuessler, 2007; Alves, 2015b); but see Hill (2019) also, as noted in the etymology of 鵝.
Possible relationship with Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”) has been noted by some (Mayrhofer, 1976; Alves, 2015b).

Han compound

domesticated goose
w:en:domesticated goose

wild goose (as opposed to a domesticated goose – 鵝／鹅 (é)) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)


雁

雁 (canonical)
雁 (canonical)
gan (romanization)

From Middle Chinese 雁 (ngænᴴ, “wild goose”).

四十雀雁

四十雀雁 シジュウカラガン


雁

Said to be from the cry of a wild goose.

corona

circumference of the base of the glans penis in human males


雞

desc

→ Indonesian: ayam (“prostitute”) (semantic loan)

→ Malay: ayam (“prostitute”) (semantic loan)

desctree

→? Proto-Tai: *kajᴮ
Northern Tai
Bouyei: gais
Zhuang: gaeq
Saek: ไก
Central Tai
Tày: cáy
Southwestern Tai
Thai: ไก่ (gài)
Northern Thai: ᨠᩱ᩵
Lao: ໄກ່ (kai)
Lü: ᦺᦂᧈ (k̇ay¹)
Tai Dam: ꪼꪀ꪿
Shan: ၵႆႇ (kài)
Tai Nüa: ᥐᥭᥱ (kǎy)
Aiton: ကႝ (kay)
Phake: ကႝ (kay)
Ahom: 𑜀𑜩 (kay)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *keː): phonetic 奚 (OC *ɡeː) + semantic 隹 (“short-tailed bird”).
Onomatopoeic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Vietic *r-kaa (> Vietnamese gà), Proto-Tai *kajᴮ (“chicken”), Proto-Hmong-Mien *Kəi.
* (to fire): From 無情雞 /无情鸡 (mou⁴ cing⁴ gai¹, “pink slip”).

Han compound

My elder brother and my father are both born in the Year of the Rooster.

我哥哥和我爸爸都是屬雞的。

我哥哥和我爸爸都是属鸡的。

10th of the Chinese zodiac animals (rooster)


鞦

Dated form of 尻繋.


kana

kana (genitive)
kana (partitive)
kana (nominative singular)
kanad (nominative plural)
kana (accusative nominative singular)
kanad (accusative nominative plural)
kana (accusative genitive singular)
kanad (accusative genitive plural)
kana (genitive singular)
kanade (genitive plural)
kana (partitive singular)
kanu (partitive plural)
kanasid (partitive plural)
kanna (illative singular)
kanasse (illative singular)
kanadesse (illative plural)
kanusse (illative plural)
kanas (inessive singular)
kanades (inessive plural)
kanus (inessive plural)
kanast (elative singular)
kanadest (elative plural)
kanust (elative plural)
kanale (allative singular)
kanadele (allative plural)
kanule (allative plural)
kanal (adessive singular)
kanadel (adessive plural)
kanul (adessive plural)
kanalt (ablative singular)
kanadelt (ablative plural)
kanult (ablative plural)
kanaks (singular translative)
kanadeks (plural translative)
kanuks (plural translative)
kanani (singular terminative)
kanadeni (plural terminative)
kanana (essive singular)
kanadena (essive plural)
kanata (abessive singular)
kanadeta (abessive plural)
kanaga (comitative singular)
kanadega (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô. Cognates include Finnish kana.


kana

kana (nominative singular)
kanat (nominative plural)
kanan (genitive singular)
kannoin (genitive plural)
kannaa (partitive singular)
kanoja (partitive plural)
kannaa (illative singular)
kannoi (illative plural)
kanas (inessive singular)
kanois (inessive plural)
kanast (elative singular)
kanoist (elative plural)
kanalle (allative singular)
kanoille (allative plural)
kanal (adessive singular)
kanoil (adessive plural)
kanalt (ablative singular)
kanoilt (ablative plural)
kanaks (singular translative)
kanoiks (plural translative)
kananna (essive singular)
kannaan (essive singular)
kanoinna (essive plural)
kannoin (essive plural)
kanant (exessive singular)
kanoint (exessive plural)
kana (nominative singular)
kanat (nominative plural)
kanan (genitive singular)
kannoin (genitive plural)
kannaa (partitive singular)
kannooja (partitive plural)
kannaa (illative singular)
kannoi (illative plural)
kanas (inessive singular)
kanois (inessive plural)
kanast (elative singular)
kanoist (elative plural)
kanalle (allative singular)
kanoille (allative plural)
kanal (adessive singular)
kanoil (adessive plural)
kanalt (ablative singular)
kanoilt (ablative plural)
kanaks (singular translative)
kanoiks (plural translative)
kannaan (essive singular)
kannoin (essive plural)
kannaant (exessive singular)
kannoint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Estonian kana.

Kana, ka-ka-ka, na, mama, kana.

1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:

A hen, cluck cluck cluck, here, mommy, a hen.

Kana kaakatta. Sika röhkää.

1936, V. I. Junus, P. L. Maksimov, Inkeroisin keelen oppikirja alkuşkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 4:

Kanan äänee jooksi pertist Darja-ämmä.

1937, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 80:

Granny Darja ran out of the cottage towards the sound of the hen.


kana

lud-decl-table

Type 1/<i class="Latn mention" lang="lud">kana</i>, no gradation

kana (nominative singular)
kanad (nominative plural)
kanan (genitive singular)
kanoiden (genitive plural)
kanad (partitive singular)
kanoid (partitive plural)
kanah (illative singular)
kanoihe (illative plural)
kanas (inessive singular)
kanoiš (inessive plural)
kanaspiä (elative singular)
kanoišpiä (elative plural)
kanale (allative singular)
kanoile (allative plural)
kanal (adessive singular)
kanoil (adessive plural)
kanalpiä (ablative singular)
kanoilpiä (ablative plural)
kanaks (singular translative)
kanoikš (plural translative)
kanan (essive singular)
kanoin (essive plural)
kanata (abessive singular)
kanoita (abessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Veps kana.


駒

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ko): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).
Ultimately from Sanskrit घोट (ghoṭa), घोड (ghoḍa) (see घोटक (ghoṭaka) for Indo-Aryan descendants), which has been borrowed into many Sino-Tibetan languages; cognate with Proto-Tani *kɯ, Mizo sa-kawr (STEDT 6023).
Alternatively, Wang (1982) relates this to 狗 (OC *koːʔ, “dog; puppy”), 羔 (OC *kluː, “lamb”), 𤘽 (“calf”).


駒

Compound of 子(こ) (ko, “child”) + 馬(ま) (ma, “horse”).
See also 子馬(こうま) (kouma).

(music) bridge (the piece, on string instruments, that supports the strings from the sounding board)


駢

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *beːn): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 并 (OC *peŋ, *peŋs)


駣

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) three-year-old horse

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) four-year-old horse


駤

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 騺 /𱅊 (zhì, “unable to move because of being weighed down”)


駥

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) horse which is eight chi tall


騥

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) dark horse with thick mane


騩

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a black horse


騪

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a very large horse


驍

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ŋkeːw): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).


驖

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l̥ʰiːɡ, *l'iːɡ): semantic 馬 + phonetic 𢧜 (zhì).
Perhaps related to 鐵 (OC *l̥ʰiːɡ, “iron”) as both may be derived from the etymon "black".

Han compound

His four iron-black horses are burly; The six reins are in the hand (of the charioteer).

駟驖孔阜、六轡在手。

驷𬴋孔阜、六辔在手。


驥

骥
蘎
龭
𩦸
𩥉
𧁳
𲎎
𱄮

(literary) horse that can travel 1000 li in a day; fine steed


驨

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a mythical beast like a horse with a deer's antler

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) fine horse; steed


鳧

鳧 (canonical)
鳧 (canonical)
keri (romanization)


鳧

鳧 (canonical)
鳧 (canonical)
kamo (romanization)

Alternative spelling of 鴨 (kamo, “duck”)


鴨

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qraːb): phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).
Shuowen commented that 鴨 is the colloquial name for 鶩 (OC *moɡs, *moːɡ, “duck”). Probably onomatopoeic in origin. Compare Proto-Tani *ǰap (“duck”).
Another word meaning "duck" in Old Chinese is 鴄 (OC *pʰid), a substrate loanword, possibly from Tai-Kadai or Austroasiatic.
; “male prostitute”

Han compound

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

北京烤鴨

北京烤鸭

Coordinate term: 雞 /鸡 (jī)

(slang) male prostitute (Classifier: 隻／只 c)

(Mainland China Mandarin, neologism, slang) Eye dialect spelling of 呀 (ya, “sentence-final particle”).


鴨

鴨 (canonical)
鴨 (canonical)
kamo (romanization)

Unknown. Possibly alteration of Old Japanese 浮かむ (ukamu, “to float”), modern 浮かぶ (ukabu). Alternatively, may derive from Middle Chinese 雁 (MC ngaenH, “a type of wild goose”), borrowed with the kan'on reading gan, with initial g changing to k due to the avoidance of voiced stops at the start of Japanese words in older times, and final n changing to mu due to apparent lack of final n in Old Japanese.

(slang) (from the way ducks return to the same place and are thus easy to hunt) a mark or easy target for a swindle, someone who is likely to lose at gambling or other competition

(slang) (from the good flavor of duck meat) short for 鴨の味 (kamo no aji, “duck flavor”): a very good flavor; by extension, any remarkably good sensation or feeling, particularly describing happy married life

(slang) (from the uniform of black clothing) short for 黒鴨 (kurogamo, “black duck”): a male servant, such as a butler or chauffeur (compare English penguin)


鴨

Rare alternative spelling for 家鴨 (ahiru). See that entry for fuller details.

Anas platyrhynchos
Anas platyrhynchos#Translingual

(rare) alternative spelling of 家鴨: a domestic duck, Anas platyrhynchos var. domesticus, descended from the mallard


鴻

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ): phonetic 江 (OC *kroːŋ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).

liushu

OC *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ

Han compound

鸿
𨾊
䲨/𬷾
𩾯/⿰氵鸟
𪀤
𪅯


鶏

黄鶏: a Japanese native species of chicken with dark reddish-brown feathers


鶏

ja-noun

鶏(にわとり) or 鶏(ニワトリ) • (niwatori) ^(←にはとり (nifatori)?)

鶏 (canonical)
鶏 (canonical)
niwatori (romanization)
nifatori (romanization)
にはとり (hiragana historical)

鶏を割くに焉んぞ牛刀を用いん

niwatori o saku ni izukun zo gyūtō o mochiin

why chop a chicken with a meat cleaver? → don't exaggerate

[ɲ̟iβ̞a̠to̞ɾʲi]

⟨nipa tu to₂ri⟩ → */nipatːəri/ → /nifatori/ → /niwatori/
Originally derived from the 枕詞 (makura kotoba, “pillow word”, an epithet as a poetic device) compound phrase 庭つ鳥 (niwa tsu tori), 庭 (niwa, “garden”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”), used in Old Japanese poetry as an allusive introduction to kake, the older word for “chicken” (see below). The medial tsu disappeared over time, yielding modern Japanese niwatori.

compound

a domesticated chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)


鶏

⟨kake₁⟩ → */kakʲe/ → /kake/
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).
Onomatopoeic of the sound made by a chicken. Compare English cluck.

… 爾波都登理 迦祁波那久 …


鶏

First attested in The Tales of Ise. Possibly influenced by Ainu コタン.
Etymological details
This word has also been spelled as くだかけ (kudakake). This word must have been a compound of くた (kuta/kuda) + 鶏 (kake, “chicken; rooster”).
However, the initial kuta-/kuda- portion has been subject to debate. Several sources have attempted to give an etymology:
# The Hikobae of 1847 and the Daigenkai derive kuta- as a word meaning 'stinky'.
# The Kita-no-bezuihitsu, Meigentsū, and the Minakata-Kumakusu derive this from 百済鶏 (kudara-kake, literally “Baekje chicken”), saying that the chicken was imported from there.
# The Wakun-no-Shiori derives kuta as an eastern word for "house". The same source also supposes a Sanskrit origin, transcribed as kukutaeshira, and also supposes it was derived from 管掛 (kuda-kake) from the way it has a good voice.
# The Honchō Jigen derives this from kudo-kake, where kudo- means 'a passing sound' and -kake means 'to put on'.
# The Myōgoki derives kuda- from 数連 (kazutsura), while -kake is an onomatopoeic sound.
The third etymology is the most likely, as this note appears in several manuscripts of The Tales of Ise, and Vovin (2021) identifies kuda- with Ainu コタン (kotan, “village”) (cf. English village and villa). He also identifies the poem in The Tales of Ise as being a hybrid Japanese-Ainu poem.


鶏

Alternative spelling of 鳥 (tori): a chicken (domesticated fowl); chicken meat


鸗

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) wild duck


鵝

→ Guiqiong: wo

/ᵑɡᵘɔ²²⁻²²⁵/

/ᵑɡᵘɔ²²⁻²²⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ŋaːl): phonetic 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ) + semantic 鳥.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-n (“goose”); cognate with Tibetan ངང་པ (ngang pa), Burmese ငန်း (ngan:). However, the final consonants of the proposed cognates are possibly irreconcilable; they could instead be independently coined through onomatopoeia (Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2019).
Related to 雁 (OC *ŋraːns, “wild goose”); see there for more.

Han compound

domestic goose (as opposed to a wild goose – 雁 (yàn)) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn)


vier

vieri (plural)
vier (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
vierul (accusative definite nominative singular)
vieri (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
vierii (accusative definite nominative plural)
vier (indefinite singular)
vierului (definite singular)
vieri (indefinite singular)
vierilor (definite plural)
vierule (singular vocative)
vierilor (vocative)
viiariu (alternative)

From vie (“vineyard”), or from Latin vīneārius.


vache

Coordinate term: bôf m


vache

Haitian Creole: vach

Inherited from Middle French and Old French vache, from Latin vacca.

chacun son métier, les vaches seront bien gardées

parler français comme une vache espagnole


milkshake

(slang, horse racing) An alkaline supplement administered to a horse to improve its racing performance.


milkshake

en-verb

milkshake (third-person singular simple present milkshakes, present participle milkshaking, simple past and past participle milkshaked)

milkshakes (present singular third-person)
milkshaking (participle present)
milkshaked (participle past)
milkshaked (past)

(transitive, slang, horse racing) To administer an alkaline supplement to (a horse) to improve its racing performance.


baba

pl-noun

baba f (diminutive babka or babcia, augmentative babsko or babisko)

babka (diminutive)
babcia (diminutive)
babsko (augmentative)
babisko (augmentative)
baba (nominative singular)
baby (nominative plural)
baby (genitive singular)
bab (genitive plural)
babie (dative singular)
babom (dative plural)
babę (accusative singular)
baby (accusative plural)
babą (instrumental singular)
babami (instrumental plural)
babie (locative singular)
babach (locative plural)
babo (singular vocative)
baby (plural vocative)

nie miała baba kłopotu, kupiła sobie prosię


roadster

(UK, dated, slang) A hunter who keeps to the roads instead of following the hounds across country.


fork

Sranan Tongo: forku

→ Dutch: fork

→ Japanese: フォーク (fōku)

→ Kannada: ಫೋರ್ಕ್ (phōrk)

→ Korean: 포크 (pokeu)

→ Maori: paoka

→ Tamil: போர்க் (pōrk)

→ Telugu: ఫోర్క్ (phōrk)

From Middle English forke (“digging fork”), from Old English force, forca (“forked instrument used to torture”), from Proto-West Germanic *furkō (“fork”), from Latin furca (“pitchfork, forked stake; gallows, beam, stake, support post, yoke”), of uncertain origin. The Middle English word was later reinforced by Anglo-Norman, Old Northern French forque (= Old French forche whence French fourche), also from the Latin. Cognate also with North Frisian forck (“fork”), Dutch vork (“fork”), Danish fork (“fork”), German Forke (“pitchfork”). Displaced native gafol, ġeafel, ġeafle (“fork”), from Old English.
In its primary sense of “fork”, Latin furca appears to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerk(ʷ)-, *ǵʰerg(ʷ)- (“fork”), although the development of the -c- is difficult to explain. In other senses this derivation is unlikely. For these, perhaps it is connected to Proto-Germanic *furkaz, *firkalaz (“stake, stick, pole, post”), from Proto-Indo-European *perg- (“pole, post”). If so, this would relate the word to Old English forclas pl (“bolt”), Old Saxon ferkal (“lock, bolt, bar”), Old Norse forkr (“pole, staff, stick”), Norwegian fork (“stick, bat”), Swedish fork (“pole”).

tienhaara

figurative: point in time of making a decision

afsplitsing

computer science: splitting of a process

odnož

computer science: copying and separately developing a project

bifurcació

computer science: a separately developed project based upon a copy of an existing project

a three-prong spear somewhat resembling a pitchfork

The upper front brow of a saddle bow, connected in the tree by the two saddle bars to the cantle on the other end.


laughing goose

Anser albifrons
Anser albifrons#Translingual

The European white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons).


rock

en-noun

rock (countable and uncountable, plural rocks)

From Middle English rocke, rokke (“rock formation”), from Old English *rocc (“rock”), as in Old English stānrocc (“high stone rock, peak, obelisk”), and also later from Anglo-Norman roque, (compare Modern French roc, roche, rocher), from Medieval Latin rocca (attested 767), of uncertain origin, sometimes said to be of Celtic (in particular, perhaps Gaulish) origin (compare Breton roc'h). Related also to Middle Low German rocke (“rock ledge”). One suggestion is that it derives from Vulgar Latin *rupica, from rupes (compare rupico).

rockcress

Brassicaceae: Arabis, Arabidopsis, Boechera spp.


rock

en-verb

rock (third-person singular simple present rocks, present participle rocking, simple past and past participle rocked)

rocks (present singular third-person)
rocking (participle present)
rocked (participle past)
rocked (past)

From Middle English rokken, from Old English roccian, from Proto-West Germanic *rokkōn, from Proto-Germanic *rukkōną, from Proto-Germanic *rukkōną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ruknéh₂ti, from *h₃rewk-, *h₃runk-.
See also obsolete Dutch rokken, Middle High German rocken (“to drag, jerk”), Modern German rücken (“to move, shift”), Icelandic rukka (“to yank”); also Latin runcāre (“to weed”), Latvian rũķēt (“to toss, dig”).

cog

the hand that rocks the cradle is the hand that rules the world

the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world

That band rocks!


dash

sq-noun

dash m (plural desh, definite dashi, definite plural deshtë)

desh (plural)
dashi (definite)
deshtë (definite plural)

Potentially from Early Proto-Albanian *dauša, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s (compare English deer, Lithuanian daũsos (“upper air; heaven”)).


toro

Inherited from Old Catalan toro, from Latin taurus. Directly inherited from Latin, despite the final vowel. Cognate with Occitan taur. Old Catalan also had a form taur, which was borrowed from Latin.


toro

Inherited from Classical Latin taurus, from Proto-Italic *tauros, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros. Doublet of tauro, which is a learned borrowing.

(figurative) bull (large, strong man; also, a virile man)


toro

Borrowed from Spanish toro, from Latin taurus, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.


toro

(colloquial) forklift, lift truck, jitney, fork truck (a small industrial vehicle with a power-operated fork-like pronged platform that can be raised and lowered for insertion under a load, often on pallets, to be lifted and moved)


toro

Borrowed from Spanish toro, from Latin taurus. Doublet of Tawro.


uve

uve (nominative singular)
uvveet (nominative plural)
uvveen (genitive singular)
uvvein (genitive plural)
uvetta (partitive singular)
uvveita (partitive plural)
uvveesse (illative singular)
uvveisse (illative plural)
uvvees (inessive singular)
uvveis (inessive plural)
uvveest (elative singular)
uvveist (elative plural)
uvveelle (allative singular)
uvveille (allative plural)
uvveel (adessive singular)
uvveil (adessive plural)
uvveelt (ablative singular)
uvveilt (ablative plural)
uvveeks (singular translative)
uvveiks (plural translative)
uvveenna (essive singular)
uvveen (essive singular)
uvveinna (essive plural)
uvvein (essive plural)
uvveent (exessive singular)
uvveint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *ubëh. Cognates include dialectal Finnish uve and Veps ubeh.


bar

en-noun

bar (countable and uncountable, plural bars)

→ Albanian: bar m

→ Arabic: بَار m (bār)

→ Armenian: բար (bar)

→ Bulgarian: бар (bar)

→ Burmese: ဘား (bha:)

→ Chichewa: bála

→ Cantonese: 吧 (baa¹)

→ Czech: bar m

→ Danish: bar c

→ Dutch: bar m

→ Esperanto: baro

→ Estonian: baar

→ French: bar m
→ Romanian: bar

→ Galician: bar m

→ Georgian: ბარი (bari)

→ German: Bar f

→ Greek: μπαρ n (bar)

→ Gulf Arabic: بار (bār)

→ Hebrew: בָּר (bar), בָּאר (bár)

→ Hungarian: bár (also via German)

→ Icelandic: bar m

→ Irish: beár m

→ Italian: bar m

→ Japanese: バー (bā)

→ Khmer: បារ (baa)

→ Korean: 바 (ba)

→ Lithuanian: bãras m

→ Macedonian: бар m (bar)

→ Malagasy: ba

→ Mandarin: 吧 (bā)

→ Norwegian:

Bokmål: bar m

Nynorsk: bar m

→ Persian: بار (bâr)

→ Polish: bar m

→ Portuguese: bar m

→ Russian: бар m (bar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ба̑р m, bȃr m

→ Slovene: bȃr m

→ Spanish: bar m

→ Swahili: baa

→ Swedish: bar c (see there for further descendants)

→ Thai: บาร์ (baa)

→ Turkish: bar

→ Xhosa: íbhári

→ Zulu: ibha

From Middle English barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Doublet of barre.

der

(farriery) The part of the crust of a horse's hoof which is bent inwards towards the frog at the heel on each side, and extends into the centre of the sole.

(farriery, in the plural) The space between the tusks and grinders in the upper jaw of a horse, in which the bit is placed.


bar

From Middle English barren, from Old French barrer, from Medieval Latin barrare (“to bar”), from the noun. Cognate to Occitan barrar, Spanish barrar, Portuguese barrar.
Preposition properly imperative of the verb. Compare barring.

Leg At Each Corner is at 3/1, Lost My Shirt 5/1, and it's 10/1 bar.

(horse racing) Denotes the minimum odds offered on other horses not mentioned by name.


bar

bār (canonical masculine)
bār (nominative singular)
bāras (nominative plural)
bār (accusative singular)
bāras (accusative plural)
bāres (genitive singular)
bāra (genitive plural)
bāre (dative singular)
bārum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: bor, boor, bore, boore, bar, bare, bayre
English: boar
Scots: bair
Yola: boar


Guernsey

From Anglo-Norman, from Old Norse, compound of Grani (“Grani's”) and ey (“island”). Folk etymology points to a dialectal root for green.

An unincorporated community in California


shanghai

shanghais (plural)
shanghae (alternative)
shangeye (alternative)

1871, from the important Chinese port Shanghai, as a verb with reference to the former practice by some shippers on the West Coast of the United States of press-ganging crews for fishing or shipping in the Pacific Ocean.

Cochins or Shanghaes.

1853, W.B. Tegetmeier, Profitable Poultry, page 19:

(often capitalized, dated) A breed of chicken with large bodies, long legs, and feathered shanks.


Schaf

Probably borrowed from German Schaf, or else influenced by it. Doublet of Schooff, which was inherited.


Schaf

de-noun

Schaf n (strong, genitive Schafes or Schafs, plural Schafe, diminutive Schäfchen n or Schäflein n)

Schafes (genitive)
Schafs (genitive)
Schafe (plural)
Schäfchen (diminutive neuter)
Schäflein (diminutive neuter)
Schaf (nominative singular)
Schafe (definite nominative plural)
Schafes (genitive singular)
Schafs (genitive singular)
Schafe (definite genitive plural)
Schaf (dative singular)
Schafe (dative singular)
Schafen (dative definite plural)
Schaf (accusative singular)
Schafe (accusative definite plural)

→ Alemannic German: Schaf

From Middle High German schâf, from Old High German scāf.
Akin to Bavarian Schåf, Luxembourgish Schof, Hunsrik Schof, German Low German Schaap, Dutch schaap, Afrikaans skaap, English sheep, and West Frisian skiep. See sheep for more.

Schafwolle

ein Schaf scheren


oveja

Inherited from Old Spanish oueja, from Latin ovicula (“little sheep”), diminutive of ovis (“sheep”), from Proto-Italic *owis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis. Compare Portuguese ovelha, Russian овца (ovca)


ovca

óvca (canonical feminine)
о́вца (Cyrillic)
óvca (nominative singular)
ȏvce (nominative plural)
óvcē (genitive singular)
ovácā (genitive plural)
óvci (dative singular)
óvcama (dative plural)
òvcama (dative plural)
óvcu (accusative singular)
ȏvce (accusative plural)
ȏvco (singular vocative)
ȏvce (plural vocative)
óvci (locative singular)
óvcama (locative plural)
òvcama (locative plural)
óvcōm (instrumental singular)
óvcama (instrumental plural)
òvcama (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ovьca, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *áwis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis.


ovca

sk-noun

ovca f (relational adjective ovčí, diminutive ovečka)

ovčí (adjective relational)
ovečka (diminutive)
ovca (nominative singular)
ovce (nominative plural)
ovce (genitive singular)
oviec (genitive plural)
ovci (dative singular)
ovciam (dative plural)
ovcu (accusative singular)
ovce (accusative plural)
ovci (locative singular)
ovciach (locative plural)
ovcou (instrumental singular)
ovcami (instrumental plural)


ovca

óvca (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
ôvca (nominative singular)
ôvci (dual nominative)
ôvce (nominative plural)
ôvce (genitive singular)
ôvc (dual genitive)
ôvc (genitive plural)
ôvci (dative singular)
ôvcama (dative dual)
ôvcam (dative plural)
ôvco (accusative singular)
ôvci (accusative dual)
ôvce (accusative plural)
ôvci (locative singular)
ôvcah (dual locative)
ôvcah (locative plural)
ôvco (instrumental singular)
ôvcama (dual instrumental)
ôvcami (instrumental plural)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
ôvca (nominative singular)
ovcé (dual nominative)
ovcé (nominative plural)
ovcé (genitive singular)
ovác (dual genitive)
ovác (genitive plural)
ôvci (dative singular)
ovcáma (dative dual)
ovcàm (dative plural)
ovcó (accusative singular)
ovcé (accusative dual)
ovcé (accusative plural)
ôvci (locative singular)
ovcàh (dual locative)
ovcàh (locative plural)
ovcó (instrumental singular)
ovcáma (dual instrumental)
ovcámi (instrumental plural)


beach

head

beach f (genitive singular beiche, nominative plural beacha)

beiche (genitive singular)
beacha (nominative plural)
beach (indefinite nominative singular)
beacha (indefinite nominative plural)
a bheach (indefinite singular vocative)
a bheacha (indefinite plural vocative)
beiche (genitive indefinite singular)
beach (genitive indefinite plural)
beach (dative indefinite singular)
beich (archaic dative dialectal indefinite singular)
beacha (dative indefinite plural)
an bheach (definite nominative singular)
na beacha (definite nominative plural)
na beiche (definite genitive singular)
na mbeach (definite genitive plural)
leis an mbeach (dative definite singular)
leis an mbeich (archaic dative definite dialectal singular)
don bheach (dative definite singular)
don bheich (archaic dative definite dialectal singular)
leis na beacha (dative definite plural)
beach
bheach
mbeach

From Old Irish bech, from Proto-Celtic *beko-, *bikos (compare Middle Welsh beg-egyr, byg-egyr (“drone”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰik-, *bʰoyk- (compare Latin fūcus and, perhaps, Proto-Slavic *bьčela), enlargement of *bʰey- (compare Welsh by-daf (“beehive”), English bee).


beach

head

beach m (genitive singular beacha, plural beachan)

beacha (genitive singular)
beachan (plural)
beach
bheach

From Old Irish bech, from Proto-Celtic *beko-, *bikos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰik-, *bʰoik-, enlargement of *bʰī-, *bʰei-.


ola

ola (nominative singular)
olas (nominative plural)
olas (genitive singular)
olu (genitive plural)
olai (dative singular)
olām (dative plural)
olu (accusative singular)
olas (accusative plural)
olu (instrumental singular)
olām (instrumental plural)
olā (locative singular)
olās (locative plural)
ola (singular vocative)
olas (plural vocative)

From a previous Proto-Baltic neuter noun *wuolan, from Proto-Baltic *wuol-, from Proto-Indo-European *wēl-, *wōl-, the lengthened grade of the stem *wel- (“to turn, to roll, to wind”), whence also velt (“to roll, to trundle”). The original meaning was therefore “something that turns, rolls”, still visible in the dialectal verb olāt (“to roll, to trundle”), and in the standard Latvian term olis (“round pebble”), dialectally also ola. It is possible that Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”), which would have become *wowan in Proto-Baltic, may have influenced the development of *wuolan into ola. A synonym term pauts was used alongside ola until the beginning of the 20th century, when ola became dominant and replaced it. Cognates include Lithuanian uolà (“cliff, rock”).

cieti, mīksti vārīta ola

cieta, mīksta ola

nolobīt olu

jēla ola

raw egg (also: unexperienced, naive person)

cepta ola

pildīta ola

olu kultenis

izdzert olu

to drink an egg (= to suck the liquid through a hole on the eggshell)

Lieldienu ola

Easter egg (painted egg, part of the celebration of Easter)

mums, kā vistu neturēja, tā olu pašiem nebija

since we didn't keep hens, we didn't have eggs

egg (said reproductive cell, usually from birds, used as food)


Ancona

From Italian Ancona, from Latin Ancōna, from ancōn (“curve, elbow”).

Livingston County
Livingston County#English

An unincorporated community in Reading Township, Livingston County, Illinois, United States, named after Ancona, Italy.


length

en-noun

length (countable and uncountable, plural lengths)

From Middle English lengthe, from Old English lengþ, lengþu, from Proto-West Germanic *langiþu, from Proto-Germanic *langiþō, equivalent to long + -th. Cognate with Scots lenth, lainth (“length”), Saterland Frisian Loangte (“length”), West Frisian lingte, langte (“length”), Dutch lengte (“length”), German Low German Längde, Längd, Längte, Längt (“length”), Danish længde (“length”), Swedish längd (“length”), Icelandic lengd (“length”).

(horse racing) The length of a horse, used to indicate the distance between horses at the end of a race.


volt

(archaic, equestrianism) A circular movement in which the horse goes round in a small circle.


drone

→ Asturian: dron

→ Italian: drone

→ Punjabi: ਡ੍ਰੋਨ (ḍron)

→ Polish: dron

→ Portuguese: drone

→ Spanish: dron

From Middle English drane, from Old English drān, from Proto-West Germanic *drānu, from Proto-Germanic *drēniz, *drēnuz, *drenô (“an insect, drone”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrēn- (“bee, drone, hornet”). Cognate with Danish drone (“drone”), Dutch dar (“male bee or wasp”), German Drohne, dialectal German Dräne, Trehne, Trene (“drone”), Low German drone (“drone”), Swedish drönje, drönare (“drone”).
The etymology of the sense of "remote-controlled aircraft" is disputed; theories include early military UAVs dumbly flying on preset paths.

inh

The Apex boat is a small radio-controlled craft which tows, at an angle, two Drone boats. The latter are small craft filled with explosives to be detonated from the control radio of the Apex boat.

1946, Seventh United States Army in France and Germany, Report of Operations, volume 1, page 73:

Firefish, a drone boat, is the second radio-controlled target used by the detachment. A 17-foot fiber glass craft, it weighs 1700 pounds and operates from the support ship by remote control at a range of up to five miles using tracking radar.

1968 July 7, “Long-Distance Crews”, in All Hands, number 618, page 27:

There, in the heart of a desert target range, operates a fleet of remote-control QM-56 mobile land drones, more familiarly described as modified tanks.

1968 September 7, “Desert Tank Corps”, in All Hands, number 620, page 13:

"Libya obtained a remote controlled explosive boat system consisting of 30-knot drone boats packed with high explosives controlled from a cabin cruiser type craft," Butts told the seapower and strategic and critical materials subcomittee.

1984 March 1, UPI, “Libya owns drone boats, Navy says”, in Eugene Register-Guard, page 2:

(chiefly military) Any remotely-operated vehicle (ROV), especially when multiple such vehicles are operated from a larger vessel.

The van is locally referred to as "a drone" because it is compact and stable under extreme conditions. It is also very fast. Technically though, it is a Toyota Hiace, which is usually used for commercial purposes.

2021 February 4, Alex Mugasha, “Why Uganda's security agencies have fallen in love with the "Drone" van”, in Nile Post:

He has been arrested several times, transported in drone vans and brutalized in various detention facilities.

2021 February 4, Kakwenza Rukirabashaija, “Horror inside a kidnap drone”, in The Observer:

The Toyota Hiace is a light commercial van that can be used as a minibus, a taxi, or even an ambulance. But in Uganda, the "drone" has a sinister reputation. Chris Atukwasize, a cartoonist at the Daily Monitor newspaper, dubbed it the #WheelsOfSteal and rendered it as a skull: brake lights dripping blood, its front grille a row of teeth, and hands plastered behind its tinted back windows, pleading for help.

2021 March 3, Liam Taylor, “They came in plainclothes with guns: 'Abducted' by Uganda's army”, in Al Jazeera:

Earlier this week, Deputy Speaker of Parliament Thomas Tayebwa summoned the Prime Minister Robinah Nabbanja together with the Ministers of Security and Internal Affairs and parliamentary whips to address the said return of drones on the streets.

2022 October 2, Sam Waswa, “UPDF Probes Drone Raid at Journalist's Home”, in Chimp Reports:

A minibus van, often numberless and dubbed the 'drone', gained notoriety for kidnaps and disappearances.

2022 October 20, Albert K Awedoba, Andreas Mehler, Benedikt Kamski, David Sebudubudu, Africa Yearbook, volume 18, →ISBN, page 419:

(Uganda) A Toyota HiAce or a similar van, especially one used by Ugandan state agents to kidnap opposition members.

The billionaire-friendly media drones and frenzied multiculturalist politicians are imposing "vibrant" third world social violence onto Australians, and Australians don't get to vote against this "bipartisan" conspiracy. The hyperactive globalist politicians and media drones might find themselves facing firing squads if they don't change their corrupt ways.

2009 December 18, Benway (original non-Zionist), “Shocking Jewish faggot property pimp attack on Australia”, in aus.politics (Usenet):

Instead, you got into lockstep with all the other hive-mind libtard drones and voted for the slimy corrupt scumbag bitch who was under *two* active Congressional investigations (a first in history, BTW), Hitlery Clinton.

2017 January 19, The Party Of Trump (The Party For Winners), “Re: Clinton Cash”, in alt.checkmate (Usenet):

non-player character
non-player character

(slang, derogatory) One who lacks the ability to think critically and independently, especially one who follows a group blindly; a non-player character.


drone

head

drone c (singular definite dronen, plural indefinite droner)

dronen (definite singular)
droner (indefinite plural)
drone (indefinite nominative singular)
dronen (definite nominative singular)
droner (indefinite nominative plural)
dronerne (definite nominative plural)
drones (genitive indefinite singular)
dronens (definite genitive singular)
droners (genitive indefinite plural)
dronernes (definite genitive plural)

From Middle Low German drone (sense 1), and English drone (sense 2).

a drone (radio-controlled pilotless aircraft)


hold one's horses

en-verb

hold one's horses (third-person singular simple present holds one's horses, present participle holding one's horses, simple past and past participle held one's horses)

holds one's horses (present singular third-person)
holding one's horses (participle present)
held one's horses (participle past)
held one's horses (past)

"I'm going to tell you, ain't I?" he said, gruffly. "Just hold your horses a minute, please."

1921, Booth Tarkington, chapter 24, in Alice Adams:

"I would ask everybody to hold their horses until we go through the process," ElBaradei said.

2007 September 17, “Force is last resort in Iranian crisis”, in forbes.com/Thomson Financial News, retrieved 2008-10-05:


Gaul

de-noun

Gaul m (strong, genitive Gaules or Gauls, plural Gäule)

Gaules (genitive)
Gauls (genitive)
Gäule (plural)
Gaul (nominative singular)
Gäule (definite nominative plural)
Gaules (genitive singular)
Gauls (genitive singular)
Gäule (definite genitive plural)
Gaul (dative singular)
Gaule (dative singular)
Gäulen (dative definite plural)
Gaul (accusative singular)
Gäule (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German gūl, of obscure ultimate origin, but possibly ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *geutan (“to pour, cast”), referring to a powerful male horse, a "seed-pouring animal." Cognate with Dutch guil (“old horse”).

der

einem geschenkten Gaul schaut man nicht ins Maul


hinny

en-verb

hinny (third-person singular simple present hinnies, present participle hinnying, simple past and past participle hinnied)

hinnies (present singular third-person)
hinnying (participle present)
hinnied (participle past)
hinnied (past)

Alteration of whinny, which is onomatopoeic.


warthog

(zoology) A wild pig of the genus Phacochoerus, native to Africa.


ox

→ Abenaki: aksen (via "oxen")

→ Malecite-Passamaquoddy: akson (via "oxen")

→ Unami: aksën (via "oxen")

From Middle English oxe, from Old English oxa, from Proto-West Germanic *ohsō, from Proto-Germanic *uhsô (compare West Frisian okse, Dutch os, German Ochse), from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn.
Cognate with Welsh ych (“ox”), Tocharian A ops, Tocharian B okso (“draft-ox”), Avestan 𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬥 (uxšan, “bull”), Sanskrit उक्षन् (ukṣán).

nandwie

any bovine animal used as a beast of burden

one hair of a woman can draw more than a hundred pair of oxen

An adult castrated male of cattle (B. taurus), especially when used as a beast of burden.

Here the same four kinds are mentioned ... These are sheep, goats, camels and oxen.

1934, commentary on the Qur'an (Sura 39 verse 6) by Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Any bovine animal (genus Bos). A neat, a beef.


prep

en-noun

prep (countable and uncountable, plural preps)

(horse racing) A preparatory race or workout.


barrow

From Middle English barowe, barwe, barewe, from Old English bearwe (“basket, handbarrow”), from Proto-West Germanic *barwā, *barwijā, from Proto-Germanic *barwǭ, *barwijǭ (“stretcher, bier”) (compare Low German Berwe, Old Norse barar (plural), Middle High German radebere (“wheelbarrow”)), from *beraną (“to bear”). More at bear.

cog

The turmoil went on—no rest, no peace. […] It was nearly eleven o'clock now, and he strolled out again. In the little fair created by the costers' barrows the evening only seemed beginning; and the naphtha flares made one's eyes ache, the men's voices grated harshly, and the girls' faces saddened one.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

In contrast, the Westminster Gazette in 1912 was much more positive about railway staff, praising the "...army of porters hustling and bustling hither and thither with barrows groaning under the weight of bags and baggage and... the ever-patient and long-suffering guards, courteously giving information and advice to the querulous passengers... to the porter the Christmas season means a continuous round of heavy labour, extremely tiring to both nerves and temper, and this fact the public too often seem either to forget or ignore."

2022 December 14, David Turner, “The Edwardian Christmas getaway...”, in RAIL, number 972, page 35:

(British) A small vehicle used to carry a load and pulled or pushed by hand.

սայլակ

(saltworks) A wicker case in which salt is put to drain.


barrow

From Middle English *berwe, *borwe, *bergh (attested in hamberwe and berwham (“horse-collar”)), from Middle English berwen (“to protect”), from Old English beorgan (“to protect”).

A long sleeveless flannel garment for infants.


linen

en-noun

linen (countable and uncountable, plural linens)

From Middle English lynnen, lynen, from Old English līnen (“linen", "made of flax”), from Proto-West Germanic *līnīn (“made of flax”), from Proto-Germanic *līną (“flax”), from Proto-Indo-European *līno- (“flax”), equivalent to line + -en. Cognate with Latin līnum (“flax”) and thus also Linum. More at line.

inh

She put the freshly cleaned linens into the linen closet.

But then I had the [massive] flintlock by me for protection. ¶[…]The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window at the old mare feeding in the meadow below by the brook,[…].

1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

(countable) Domestic textiles, such as tablecloths, bedding, towels, underclothes, etc., that are made of linen or linen-like fabrics of cotton or other fibers; linens.


papa

papa (canonical)
papá (canonical)
ᜉᜉ (Baybayin)

Each pronunciation has a different source:
* /paˈpa/ from Spanish papá, adapted from French papa
* /papa/ from Hokkien 爸爸 (pâ-pâ)
* /ˈpapa/ from English papa / poppa


papa

Apis mellifera
Apis mellifera#Translingual

bee (Apis mellifera) that collects honey


papa

name of the Baybayin letter ᜉ (pa), corresponding to "pa"


heater

→ Japanese: ヒーター (hītā)

(horse racing) A dead heat; a race in which two or more competitors reach the finish line simultaneously.


pale

pale (nominative singular)
palkeet (nominative plural)
palkeen (genitive singular)
palkein (genitive plural)
paletta (partitive singular)
palkeita (partitive plural)
palkeesse (illative singular)
palkeisse (illative plural)
palkees (inessive singular)
palkeis (inessive plural)
palkeest (elative singular)
palkeist (elative plural)
palkeelle (allative singular)
palkeille (allative plural)
palkeel (adessive singular)
palkeil (adessive plural)
palkeelt (ablative singular)
palkeilt (ablative plural)
palkeeks (singular translative)
palkeiks (plural translative)
palkeenna (essive singular)
palkeen (essive singular)
palkeinna (essive plural)
palkein (essive plural)
palkeent (exessive singular)
palkeint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *palgëh. Cognates include Finnish palje and Estonian pale.

padding at the bottom of a horse's stirrup


porcine

en-adj

porcine (comparative more porcine, superlative most porcine)

more porcine (comparative)
most porcine (superlative)

From Middle English porcine, partly from Middle French porcin (from Old French [Term?]) and partly from its etymon, Latin porcīnus, from porcus (“pig”).

porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

(derogatory) Overweight to the extent of resembling a pig; morbidly obese.


Kuh

Kuh (genitive)
Kühe (plural)
Kuh (nominative singular)
Kühe (definite nominative plural)
Kuh (genitive singular)
Kühe (definite genitive plural)
Kuh (dative singular)
Kühen (dative definite plural)
Kuh (accusative singular)
Kühe (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German kuo, from Old High German kuo, from Proto-West Germanic *kō, from Proto-Germanic *kōz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws.

etymon

cow (female bovine animal at or near adulthood)