eyer

head

eyer (definite accusative eyeri, plural eyerler)

eyeri (accusative definite)
eyerler (plural)
eyer (nominative singular)
eyerler (nominative plural)
eyeri (accusative definite singular)
eyerleri (accusative definite plural)
eyere (dative singular)
eyerlere (dative plural)
eyerde (locative singular)
eyerlerde (locative plural)
eyerden (ablative singular)
eyerlerden (ablative plural)
eyerin (genitive singular)
eyerlerin (genitive plural)
eyerim (first-person nominative singular)
eyerlerim (first-person nominative singular)
eyerin (nominative second-person singular)
eyerlerin (nominative second-person singular)
eyeri (nominative singular third-person)
eyerleri (nominative singular third-person)
eyerimiz (first-person nominative plural)
eyerlerimiz (first-person nominative plural)
eyeriniz (nominative plural second-person)
eyerleriniz (nominative plural second-person)
eyerleri (nominative plural third-person)
eyerimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
eyerlerimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
eyerini (accusative definite second-person singular)
eyerlerini (accusative definite second-person singular)
eyerini (accusative definite singular third-person)
eyerlerini (accusative definite singular third-person)
eyerimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
eyerlerimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
eyerinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
eyerlerinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
eyerlerini (accusative definite plural third-person)
eyerime (dative first-person singular)
eyerlerime (dative first-person singular)
eyerine (dative second-person singular)
eyerlerine (dative second-person singular)
eyerine (dative singular third-person)
eyerlerine (dative singular third-person)
eyerimize (dative first-person plural)
eyerlerimize (dative first-person plural)
eyerinize (dative plural second-person)
eyerlerinize (dative plural second-person)
eyerlerine (dative plural third-person)
eyerimde (first-person locative singular)
eyerlerimde (first-person locative singular)
eyerinde (locative second-person singular)
eyerlerinde (locative second-person singular)
eyerinde (locative singular third-person)
eyerlerinde (locative singular third-person)
eyerimizde (first-person locative plural)
eyerlerimizde (first-person locative plural)
eyerinizde (locative plural second-person)
eyerlerinizde (locative plural second-person)
eyerlerinde (locative plural third-person)
eyerimden (ablative first-person singular)
eyerlerimden (ablative first-person singular)
eyerinden (ablative second-person singular)
eyerlerinden (ablative second-person singular)
eyerinden (ablative singular third-person)
eyerlerinden (ablative singular third-person)
eyerimizden (ablative first-person plural)
eyerlerimizden (ablative first-person plural)
eyerinizden (ablative plural second-person)
eyerlerinizden (ablative plural second-person)
eyerlerinden (ablative plural third-person)
eyerimin (first-person genitive singular)
eyerlerimin (first-person genitive singular)
eyerinin (genitive second-person singular)
eyerlerinin (genitive second-person singular)
eyerinin (genitive singular third-person)
eyerlerinin (genitive singular third-person)
eyerimizin (first-person genitive plural)
eyerlerimizin (first-person genitive plural)
eyerinizin (genitive plural second-person)
eyerlerinizin (genitive plural second-person)
eyerlerinin (genitive plural third-person)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ایر or اگر (eyer), from Proto-Turkic *ēder.
Cognates
Azerbaijani yəhər
Bashkir эйәр (eyər)
Chuvash йӗнер (jĕner)
Crimean Tatar eger
Gagauz ер
Karachay-Balkar иер (iyer)
Karaim эр
Karakhanid اَذَرْ (eδer)
Kazakh ер (er)
Khakas изер (izer)
Kumyk ер (yer)
Kyrgyz ээр (eer)
Nogai иер (iyer)
Shor эзер
Southern Altai ээр (eer)
Tatar ияр (iyar), iyär
Tofa ээ
Turkmen eýer
Tuvan эзер (ezer)
Uyghur ئىگەر (iger)
Uzbek egar
Yakut ыҥыыр (ıñıır)

cog

Yakut ыҥыыр (ıñıır)

col

Azerbaijani <i class="Latn mention" lang="az">yəhər</i>

Bashkir <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ba">эйәр</i> (eyər)

Crimean Tatar <i class="Latn mention" lang="crh">eger</i>

Gagauz <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="gag">ер</i>

Chuvash <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="cv">йӗнер</i> (jĕner)

Karachay-Balkar <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="krc">иер</i> (iyer)

Karaim <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kdr">эр</i>

Karakhanid <i class="Arab mention" lang="xqa">اَذَرْ</i> (eδer)

Kazakh <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kk">ер</i> (er)

Khakas <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kjh">изер</i> (izer)

Kumyk <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kum">ер</i> (yer)

Kyrgyz <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ky">ээр</i> (eer)

Nogai <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="nog">иер</i> (iyer)

Shor <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="cjs">эзер</i>

Southern Altai <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="alt">ээр</i> (eer)

Tuvan <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="tyv">эзер</i> (ezer)

Tofa <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kim">ээ</i>

Turkmen <i class="Latn mention" lang="tk">eýer</i>

Uyghur <i class="Arab ug-Arab mention" lang="ug">ئىگەر</i> (iger)

Uzbek <i class="Latn mention" lang="uz">egar</i>

Yakut <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="sah">ыҥыыр</i> (ıñıır)


flax

en-noun

flax (countable and uncountable, plural flaxes)

From Middle English flax, from Old English fleax, from Proto-Germanic *flahsą, from Proto-Indo-European *pleḱ- (“to plait”). Cognate with Old Frisian flax, Dutch vlas, Old High German flahs (German Flachs); the Northern Germanic (and most likely the Gothic too) stem is different.

A flax bush, a plant of the genus Phormium, native to New Zealand, with strap-like leaves up to 3 metres long that grow in clumps.


gait

From Middle English gate (“way”), from Old Norse gata (“road”), from Proto-Germanic *gatwǭ. Compare gate.

(equestrianism) One of the different ways in which a horse can move, either naturally or as a result of training.


gall

Inherited from Latin gallus. Compare Occitan gal, Old French jal, Spanish gallo.


ganger

From Middle English ganger, from Old English gangere (“a ganger, footman”), equivalent to gang + -er. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Gunger, West Frisian gonger, Dutch ganger, German Gänger, Danish gjænger, ganger, Swedish gängare, Icelandic gangari.

inh

(nautical) A length of chain, one end of which is fastened to an anchor when let go, when the other end is fastened to a hawser.


gilt

en-noun

gilt (usually uncountable, plural gilts)

Formed in English from the verb gild (“to cover in gold”). Compare gold and German Geld.

att

"Formed in English" struck me as quite odd. Is it really just English? Should it have said "Middle English" there?

позлата

gold or other metal in a thin layer; gilding

However, as asset prices slumped over the week – including UK government bonds, or gilts – those banks required more collateral to offset the pension funds’ liabilities, forcing the funds to dump assets and raise cash at short notice.

2022 September 29, Kalyeena Makortoff, Sarah Butler, “‘I’d never seen anything like it’: how market turmoil sparked a pension fund selloff”, in The Guardian:

(countable, finance, UK) A security issued by the Bank of England (see gilt-edged).


goer

From Middle English goere, equivalent to go + -er. Compare German Geher (“goer, walker”).

[…] multiple calls on Southwark's ground. From the radio traffic it sounded like they had a goer.

2023, A. J. Taylor, Firefighting: Better than Working for a Living:

(firefighting, slang) A fire incident in progress.


hackle

en-noun

hackle (countable and uncountable, plural hackles)

From Middle English hakle (compare the compound meshakele), from Old English hæcla, hacele, from Proto-Germanic *hakulǭ, equivalent to hack + -le. Cognate with Dutch hekel, German Hechel.

An instrument with steel pins used to comb out flax or hemp.

Any flimsy substance unspun, such as raw silk.


hackle

en-verb

hackle (third-person singular simple present hackles, present participle hackling, simple past and past participle hackled)

hackles (present singular third-person)
hackling (participle present)
hackled (participle past)
hackled (past)

Then, with a smile that seemed to have all the freshness of the matutinal hour in it, she bent again to her work of hackling flax.

1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, In the "Stranger People's" Country, Nebraska, published 2005, page 155:

To dress (flax or hemp) with a hackle; to prepare fibres of flax or hemp for spinning.

(transitive) To separate, as the coarse part of flax or hemp from the fine, by drawing it through the teeth of a hackle or hatchel.


hod

Probably an alteration of hot (“(Northern England, Scotland) large basket for carrying earth, etc.”), from Middle English hott, hote, hotte (“large basket or pannier for carrying earth, etc.; unit of measure for grain; hut or shed (perhaps originally of wattlework); lump of dirt (?)”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Old French hote, hotte (“large basket carried on the back”) (modern French hotte (“carrying basket”)), from Frankish *hotta (“basket”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”) (see further at etymology 1), ultimately an onomatopoeia of the swaying movement of such a basket (compare Middle Dutch hotten (“to jolt; shake”)).
Cognates
German Hotte (“wooden basket carried on the back; (specifically) basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”) (Rhineland, Swabia), Hutte (“basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”) (Alsace, Switzerland)
Late Latin hotta, hottus (“hod”)

col

Cognates

'Clerking' is perhaps the most difficult and most admired job on a racecourse. The next time you see a bookmaker at his hod, waving his ticket-filled hands, shouting the odds, look to his left, just back a bit—out of the limelight. The bloke sitting there with his head buried deep in a ledger is the clerk.

2006, Tommy Steele, chapter 6, in Bermondsey Boy: Memories of a Forgotten World, large print edition, Bath, Somerset: Windsor Paragon; BBC Audiobooks, published 2007, →ISBN, page 64:


jigger

→ Catalan: gigre

From jig + -er (agent suffix). Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary suggests a possible link to Old High German gīga (“fiddle”).

(horse racing) An illicit electric shock device used to urge on a horse during a race.


marc

head

marc m (genitive singular mairc, nominative plural mairc)

mairc (genitive singular)
mairc (nominative plural)
marc (indefinite nominative singular)
mairc (indefinite nominative plural)
a mhairc (indefinite singular vocative)
a mharca (indefinite plural vocative)
mairc (genitive indefinite singular)
marc (genitive indefinite plural)
marc (dative indefinite singular)
mairc (dative indefinite plural)
an marc (definite nominative singular)
na mairc (definite nominative plural)
an mhairc (definite genitive singular)
na marc (definite genitive plural)
leis an marc (dative definite singular)
don mharc (dative definite singular)
leis na mairc (dative definite plural)

From Old Irish marc, from Proto-Celtic *markos (“horse”). Cognate with Welsh march, Breton marc’h, and Old English mearh (“horse”).


marc

marc m (genitive mairc, nominative plural mairc)

mairc (genitive)
mairc (nominative plural)
marc (nominative singular)
marc (dual nominative)
mairc (nominative plural)
mairc (singular vocative)
marc (dual vocative)
marcu (plural vocative)
marc (accusative singular)
marc (accusative dual)
marcu (accusative plural)
mairc (genitive singular)
marc (dual genitive)
marc (genitive plural)
marc (dative singular)
marcaib (dative dual)
marcaib (dative plural)
marc
also mmarc after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: marc

Scottish Gaelic: marc

From Proto-Celtic *markos (“horse”). Cognate with Welsh march, Breton marc’h, and beyond Celtic with Old English mearh (“horse”).

marc .i. each


mort

en-noun

mort (countable and uncountable, plural morts)

From Middle English mort, from Old French mort (“death”).

(UK, Scotland, dialect) The skin of a sheep or lamb that has died of disease.

(card games) A variety of dummy whist for three players.


mort

(Internet, informal) A player in a multi-user dungeon who does not have special administrator privileges and whose character can be killed.


mort

morts (plural)
mot (alternative)
mott (alternative)

UK circa 1560–1890. Unknown. Documented possibilities include:
* From mort (“A three-year-old salmon”), by equation of women with fish.
* From Welsh modryb (“aunt”)
* From Welsh morwyn (“maid, virgin”)
* From French amourette (“a crush”)
* From, or cognate with, Dutch mot (“pig, lewd woman”), from Middle Low German mutte.
* From French motte (“mound, esp. mons veneris”)
* From Romani mintš (“female genitals”). Cognate with English minge.

unk

Unknown

der

Male gypsies all, not a mort among them.

1621, Ben Jonson, The Gypsies Metamorphosed:

"Yes, master! I and my mort worships something besides good ale; don't we, Sue?" and then he leered at the mort, who leered at him, and both made odd motions backwards and forwards, causing the baskets which hung round them to creak and rustle, and uttering loud shouts of laughter, which roused the echoes of the neighbouring hills.

KINCHIN-MORTS, the Twenty-seventh and last Order of the Canting Crew, being girls of a year or two old whom the Morts (their Mothers) carry at their Backs in Slates (Sheets) and if they have no children of their own they[…]

1896, John Stephen Farmer, Slang and Its Analogues Past and Present: A Dictionary ... with Synonyms in English, French ... Etc. Compiled by J.S. Farmer [and W.E. Henley], page 109:

(obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) A woman; a female.


pug

Origin unknown, possibly related to West Flemish pugge (“(adjective) small; (noun) short person; pet name derived from the first name Pugge”); though it is uncertain whether sense 1 (“senses relating to someone or something small”) and sense 2 (“senses relating to people”) are derived from the same source.
Sense 1.8 (“small demon”) was probably influenced by, though not a variant of, puck.

pentu

It is to be observed in this experiment, […] that the loss of weight by feeding (tegs or pugs) on turnips, is remarkable: […]

1808, Thomas Batchelor, “Live Stock”, in General View of the Agriculture of the County of Bedford. […], London: […] [B. MᶜMillan] for Richard Phillips, […], →OCLC, section 2 (Sheep), page 541:

Senses relating to someone or something small.

(UK, regional, archaic) Also used as a proper name: any of various animals, such as a ferret, hare, squirrel, or young salmon.

(specifically) Synonym of teg (“a sheep (originally a ewe) in its second year, or from the time it is weaned until it is first shorn”)

teg

[…] I heard her call him dear pug, and found him to be her favourite monkey.

1712 October 13 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison], “THURSDAY, October 2, 1712”, in The Spectator, number 499; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume V, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC, page 454:

Its proper Povver to hurt, each Creature feels, / Bulls aim their Horns, and Aſſes lift their Heels, / 'Tis a Bear's Talent not to kick, but hug, / And no Man vvonders he's not ſtung by Pug: […]

1733, Alexander Pope, The First Satire of the Second Book of Horace, […], London [actually Edinburgh]: […] L[awton] G[illiver] and sold by A. Dodd […], E[lizabeth] Nutt […], →OCLC, page 13:

Take avvay the pug, ſaid I, to the attendants—Take it avvay vvhile any of it is left—They reſcued the ſtill ſmiling babe, and run avvay vvith it.

1753 (indicated as 1754), [Samuel Richardson], “Letter XLIII. Lady G. to Lady Grandison.”, in The History of Sir Charles Grandison. […], 2nd edition, volume VI, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; [a]nd sold by C. Hitch and L. Hawes, […], →OCLC, page 211:

Or, is the Monkey sick, he takes his bed; / Old Slop is sent for, to prescribe for Pug.— […]

1812, Peter Pindar [pseudonym; John Wolcot], “Tristia; or, The Sorrows of Peter: […]. Elegy.”, in The Works of Peter Pindar, Esq. […], new edition, volume V, London: […] J[ohn] Walker, G. Wilkie and J. Robinson, G. Robinson, […]; and G. Goulding and Co. […], →OCLC, page 297:

(specifically, obsolete) An ape, a monkey; also (by extension) a human child.

[T]here is a dead silence, till pug is well out of cover, and the whole pack well in: then cheer the hounds with tally ho! till your lungs crack. Away he goes in gallant style, and the whole field is hard up, till pug takes a stiff country: […]

1812, [Maria] Edgeworth, “The Absentee. Chapter VIII.”, in Tales of Fashionable Life (2nd series), volume VI, London: […] [Heney] for J[oseph] Johnson and Co., […], →OCLC, pages 93–94:

That spell was broken by the sight of poor wearied pug, his once gracefully-floating brush all draggled and drooping, as he toiled up the sheep-paths toward the open down above.

1848, [Charles Kingsley], “The Philosophy of Fox-hunting”, in Yeast: A Problem. […], London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], published 1851, →OCLC, page 16:

Dear, delicate Madam, I am your little Paraquit, your Sparrovv, your Shock, your Pugg, your Squirrel.

1685 July (first performance), N[ahum] Tate, Cuckolds-Haven: Or, An Alderman No Conjurer. A Farce. […], London: […] J. H. and are to be sold by Edward Poole, […], published 1685, →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, page 5:

Squirrels / Are not uncommon in the plantings on the broad edges, where they may be seen feeding on the deal-apples, as the Broadsmen call the fir-cones; nuts and acorns too they are fond of. […] Stoats sometimes chase them, but "pug" generally manages to escape, an[d] he can get to a tree first—he is a much more daring jumper.

1895, P[eter] H[enry] Emerson, “Shrew Mouse, or Rana, and Squirrels”, in Birds, Beasts and Fishes of the Norfolk Broadland, London: David Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 363:


raj

rajok (plural)
raj (nominative singular)
rajok (nominative plural)
rajt (accusative singular)
rajokat (accusative plural)
rajnak (dative singular)
rajoknak (dative plural)
rajjal (instrumental singular)
rajokkal (instrumental plural)
rajért (causal-final singular)
rajokért (causal-final plural)
rajjá (singular translative)
rajokká (plural translative)
rajig (singular terminative)
rajokig (plural terminative)
rajként (essive-formal singular)
rajokként (essive-formal plural)
rajban (inessive singular)
rajokban (inessive plural)
rajon (singular superessive)
rajokon (plural superessive)
rajnál (adessive singular)
rajoknál (adessive plural)
rajba (illative singular)
rajokba (illative plural)
rajra (singular sublative)
rajokra (plural sublative)
rajhoz (allative singular)
rajokhoz (allative plural)
rajból (elative singular)
rajokból (elative plural)
rajról (delative singular)
rajokról (delative plural)
rajtól (ablative singular)
rajoktól (ablative plural)
rajé (singular)
rajoké (plural)
rajéi (singular)
rajokéi (plural)
rajom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
rajaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
rajod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
rajaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
raja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
rajai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
rajunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
rajaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
rajotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
rajaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
rajuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
rajaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from a Slavic language. Compare Serbo-Croatian roj. Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *rojь.

tűzcsoport < raj < szakasz < század < zászlóalj < ezred < dandár < hadosztály < hadtest < hadsereg < hadseregcsoport < front

(of bees and other insects) swarm, (of birds) flock


scaup

See scalp (“a bed of oysters or mussels”).

Or spot gaggles of Canada geese, ducks and scaups flying over schools of bluefish.

2009 March 29, Deborah Baldwin, “A Waterside Village With a Big-City Backdrop”, in New York Times:

Any of three species of small diving duck in the genus Aythya.


scoter

When I went birdwatching, I saw lots of scoters.

Any one of several species of northern sea ducks of the genus Melanitta.


shiv

shivs (plural)
chib (alternative)
chiv (alternative)
shive (alternative)

First attested 1915. From chive, chieve, chife, chiv (“knife”), from Romani chive, chiv, chivvomengro (“knife, dagger, blade”).

A particular woody by-product of processing flax or hemp.


shiv

en-verb

shiv (third-person singular simple present shivs, present participle shivving or shiving, simple past and past participle shivved or shived)

shivs (present singular third-person)
shivving (participle present)
shiving (participle present)
shivved (participle past)
shivved (past)
shived (participle past)
shived (past)
chib (alternative)
chiv (alternative)
shive (alternative)

Anyway, that's how Jimmie came to be shivved and left to bleed out in the shower.

2016, Andrew Shaffer, The Day of the Donald, Crooked Lane Books, →ISBN, page 6:

(transitive) To stab (someone) with a shiv.

(transitive, by extension) To stab (someone) with anything not normally used as a stabbing weapon.


spavin

en-noun

spavin (countable and uncountable, plural spavins)

The noun is derived from Middle English spavein, spaveine (“swelling on horse’s leg causing lameness; disease causing lameness in horses”), from Old French espavain, a variant of esparvain, esprevain, esprevin (modern French éparvin, épervin). The further etymology is unknown; one suggestion is that it is from Frankish *sparwan (“sparrow”), though this is seen as quite tenuous.
The verb is derived from the noun.

[H]is horſe hip'd vvith an olde mothy ſaddle, and ſtirrops of no kindred: beſides poſſeſt vvith the glanders, and like to moſe in the chine, troubled vvith the Lampaſſe, infected vvith the faſhions, full of VVindegalls, ſped vvith Spauins, raied vvith the Yellovvs, […]

c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 219, column 1:

Of ſpauens, there be tvvo kindes, the bone Spauen and the blood: for the bone Spauen, you ſhall dreſſe it in all things like the ſplent, and it vvil heale it. For the bloud ſpauen you ſhall take vp the veane, and vvhen it hath bled vve pull out the bladder vvhich holdes the ſpauen, and ſtop the vvound vvith Sage and ſalt, and it vvill heale it.

1607, Gervase Markham, “Of Spauens”, in Cauelarice, or The English Horseman: […], London: […] [Edward Allde and W[illiam] Jaggard] for Edward White, […], →OCLC, 7th book, page 78:

Doubtleſſe a Spauen is an euil ſorance, and cauſeth a horſe to haule principally in the beginning of his griefe, it appeareth on the hinder Legges vvithin, and againſt the ioynt, and it vvill bee a little ſvvolne, and ſome horſes haue a thorough Spauen, vvhich appeareth both vvithin and vvithout. Of the Spauen there are tvvo kindes, the one hard the other ſoft: That is: bone-Spauen, and a blood-Spauen, […] Caſt the horſe and vvith a hot yron ſlitte the fleſh that couereth the Spauen, and then lay vpon the Spauen, Cantharides and Euforbium boyled together in oile de Bay, […]

1607, Conradus Gesnerus [i.e., Conrad Gessner], Edward Topsell, “Of the Horsse. [Of the Spauen, both Bone and Blood.]”, in The Historie of Foure-footed Beastes. […], London: […] William Iaggard, →OCLC, page 407:

Mr. Field had seen the same horses brought to his forge from day to day, and year to year, with large spavins, yet continuing perfectly sound.

1829 November 19, “Veterinary Medical Society, 21st Oct. 1829. Discussion on Mr. W. Percivall’s Paper on Soundness.”, in [William] Percivall, [William] Youatt, editors, The Veterinarian, volume II, number 24, London: […] Compton and Ritchie, […] [for] Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, & Green, […], published December 1829, →OCLC, page 509:

(countable) A bony swelling which develops in a horse's leg where the shank and splint bone meet, caused by inflammation of the cartilage connecting those bones; also, a similar swelling caused by inflammation of the hock bones.

[N]ovv the Bots, the Spauin, and the Glanders, and ſome doſen diſeaſes more, light on him, & his Moyles.

1601, Ben Jonson, Poetaster or The Arraignment: […], London: […] [R. Bradock] for M[atthew] L[ownes] […], published 1602, →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, signature B2, verso:

(uncountable) A disease of horses caused by this bony swelling (sense 1.1).


spavin

en-verb

spavin (third-person singular simple present spavins, present participle spavining, simple past and past participle spavined)

spavins (present singular third-person)
spavining (participle present)
spavined (participle past)
spavined (past)

Mr. Lythe had seen many horses which Mr. Field had passed as sound although they were spavined; and he does not recollect a single instance of lameness among them.

The witches that dance on the Brocken on Valpurgis Eve would be spoken of in a different spirit from the village hag who spavins the horse and curdles the milk.

1867, John Hill Burton, “Heathendom”, in The History of Scotland from Agricola’s Invasion to the Revolution of 1688, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, page 224:

And oh! Onesiphorus, the old brown mare / Is spavining for love, as also we; […]

1884 February 23, “Astray from San Rafael” [pseudonym], “Dudetic Leap Year”, in The Wasp, volume XII, number 8, San Francisco, Calif.: E[dward] C[reamor] Macfarlane & Co., →OCLC, stanza 4, page 11, column 1:

The plaintiff introduced evidence tending to prove that the horse was spavined, and that Kuntzman had warranted the soundness of the horse. The fourth exception on the part of the defendant and the plaintiff in error was to the rejection of the evidence that the horse was not spavined while in Weaver's stable, some two months after the sale.

1886, A[braham] C[lark] Freeman, “Kuntzman v. Weaver”, in The American Decisions […], volume LIX, San Francisco, Calif.: Bancroft-Whitney Co. […], →OCLC, page 740:

In order to obviate the straining, spavining, and weakness of back, to which horses are subject, caused by the effort of starting heavy cars, Mr. Henry P. Holt designed a tramcar starting gear, patented in May, 1879, […]

1894, D[aniel] Kinnear Clark, “Resistance to Traction on Tramways”, in Tramways: Their Construction and Working […], 2nd edition, London: Crosby Lockwood and Son […], →OCLC, page 402:

(farriery, veterinary medicine) To cause (a horse or its leg) to have spavin (noun sense 1.2).

aiheuttaa kinnerpatti

to cause (a horse or its leg) to have spavin


umber

la-noun

umber m (genitive umbrī); second declension

umbrī (genitive)
umber (nominative singular)
umbrī (nominative plural)
umbrī (genitive singular)
umbrōrum (genitive plural)
umbrō (dative singular)
umbrīs (dative plural)
umbrum (accusative singular)
umbrōs (accusative plural)
umbrō (ablative singular)
umbrīs (ablative plural)
umber (singular vocative)
umbrī (plural vocative)

an Umbrian; also a breed of sheep and dog


vee

Afrikaans: vee

Negerhollands: vee

From Middle Dutch vêe, from Old Dutch fē, from Proto-West Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Indo-European *peḱu- (“livestock”). Cognate to English fee.

Het vee graast in de weide.

The livestock is grazing in the pasture.

De boerderij houdt vee voor zowel melk als vlees.

The farm keeps cattle for both milk and meat.

Ze handelen in vee, voornamelijk schapen en geiten.

They trade in livestock, mainly sheep and goats.


volta

volta (nominative singular)
volty (nominative plural)
volty (genitive singular)
volt (genitive plural)
volcie (dative singular)
voltom (dative plural)
voltę (accusative singular)
volty (accusative plural)
voltą (instrumental singular)
voltami (instrumental plural)
volcie (locative singular)
voltach (locative plural)
volto (singular vocative)
volty (plural vocative)


waler

From (New South) Wale(s) + -er, the horse having been bred in the then colony of New South Wales in the 19th century.

Without reason, against prudence, and at a moment's notice, he fell in love with a frivolous, golden-haired girl who used to tear about Simla Mall on a high, rough waler, with a blue velvet jockey-cap crammed over her eyes.

1888, Rudyard Kipling, “Wressley of the Foreign Office”, in Plain Tales from the Hills, Folio Society, published 2004, page 204:

There were Arabs of high degree, thoroughbred English horses, and very good-looking Walers among them, besides some tiny ponies, four of which, when harnessed together, drew a real Cinderella coach of solid silver.

1889, Annie Brassey, The Last Voyage, to India and Australia, in the ‘Sunbeam’, published 2010, page 46:

2007, "Waler", entry in Bonnie L. Hendricks, International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds, page 434,
Some maintain that the Waler is extinct, its blood living on only in the modern Australian Stock Horse and some of the feral brumbies that roam the outback.

By the 1850s, there was a thriving trade in selling the horses to the Indian Army as 'remounts'. Between 1834 and 1937, more than 300,000 Walers were sent to India.

2013, Peter Macinnis, The Big Book of Australian History, page 134:

(Australia, India) A breed of light saddle horse from Australia, once favoured as a warhorse.


washy

en-adj

washy (comparative washier, superlative washiest)

washier (comparative)
washiest (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-washy.wav

a washy horse

(US, dialect, archaic or horse racing) Not firm or hardy; liable to sweat profusely with labour.


winker

From wink (“blinking of only one eye”) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).

silmäniskijä

[T]his Censurer slaundereth manie men, another might say of him, he is the cōmon packhorse of the Papistes, to carrie any fardell of lyes deuised against any Christian man or booke that commeth in his way, and the rather because he weareth a paire of winkers ouer his eyes like a milhorse, being ashamed to shewe either his face or his name.

1583, William Fulke, “A Briefe Confutation of Sundry Cavils and Quarels, Uttered by Diuerse Papistes in Their Seuerall Bookes & Pamphlets against the Writings of William Fulke”, in A Defense of the Sincere and True Translations of the Holie Scriptures into the English Tong against the Manifolde Cauils, Friuolous Quarels, and Impudent Slaunders of Gregorie Martin, […], London: […] Henrie Bynneman, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-06-24, page 32:

Take the winkers off that donkey's face, and let him get a bit to eat; there's grass enough, God knows, and it's good grass.

1914, James Stephens, chapter I, in The Demi-Gods, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, book I (Patsy Mac Cann), page 4:

The collar of his cambric shirt, English fashion, is highly starched and looks like winkers, its points projecting upward in front with a wide gap between.

1964, Aleksandr Pushkin, translated by Vladimir Nabokov, Eugene Onegin: A Novel in Verse […], volumes 2 (Commentary on Preliminaries and Chapters One to Five), New York, N.Y.: Bollingen Foundation, →OCLC, page 168:

A thing which is used to wink with, or which winks.

(equestrianism, also attributive and figurative) Chiefly in the plural: synonym of blinker (“a shield attached to the bridle of a horse or other domesticated animal to prevent it from seeing things behind it and to its side”)


arrest

en-noun

arrest (countable and uncountable, plural arrests)

From Middle English arest (noun) and aresten (verb), from Old French areste (noun) and arester (“to stay, stop”, verb), from Vulgar Latin *arrestō, from Latin ad- (“to”) + restō (“to stop, remain behind, stay back”), from re- (“back”) + stō (“to stand”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”), equivalent to ad- + rest. Compare French arrêter (“to stop”).

der

(farriery) A scurfiness of the back part of the hind leg of a horse


brace

English: brace

Scots: brace

From Old French brace, from Latin bracchia, plural of bracchium.

brase (alternative)
braas (alternative)
bras (alternative)

(rare) A kind of riding equipment or horse tack.


caper

la-noun

caper m (genitive caprī, feminine capra); second declension

caprī (genitive)
capra (feminine)
caper (nominative singular)
caprī (nominative plural)
caprī (genitive singular)
caprōrum (genitive plural)
caprō (dative singular)
caprīs (dative plural)
caprum (accusative singular)
caprōs (accusative plural)
caprō (ablative singular)
caprīs (ablative plural)
caper (singular vocative)
caprī (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Italian: capro, ⇒ caprone

Gallo-Romance:

⇒ French: chevron

→ English: chevron

→ Russian: шеврон (ševron)

Ibero-Romance:

Portuguese: cabro, ⇒ cabrão

Spanish: cabro, ⇒ cabrón

Borrowings:

→ Scottish Gaelic: cabar

From Proto-Italic *kapros, from Proto-Indo-European *kápros (“buck, he-goat”).


chute

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-chute.wav

(horse racing) An extension to a straightway on either the home stretch or the backstretch, to avoid having a turn at the start of the race.


equitation

en-noun

equitation (usually uncountable, plural equitations)

The art, practice or act of horseriding.

езда

the art, practice or act of riding a horse


hircine

en-adj

hircine (comparative more hircine, superlative most hircine)

more hircine (comparative)
most hircine (superlative)
hirquine (alternative)

First attested in its present form in 1650–1660: From Middle English hircyne, from Latin hircīnus (“of a goat”, “goat-scented”); equivalent to hircus (“a male goat”) + -īnus (“-ine”). Cognate with French hircin. Compare caprine, haedine.

der

They are monſtrouſly fat, and have a moſt hircine ſmell.

1781, Thomas Pennant, History of Quadrupeds, volume 2, page 528:

1838, Hypericaceæ, entry in The Penny Cyclopaedia, Volume 12, page 411,
Many are objects of ornament, but they are little cultivated because they have frequently a disagreeable hircine odour.

People always smiled a little when they looked at Skøieren, and it was surely true that this dog had a most whimsical appearance, practically lost as he was in the depths of his hircine coat of fur.

1992, Helge Ingstad, Land of Feast and Famine, page 291:

Linnæus formed seven classes of odours of medicines; namely, the aromatic, fragrant, ambrosiac, alliaceous, hircine, fetid, and nauseous.

1820, J. J. Virsey, The Natural History of Medicines, Aliments and Poisons, taken from the Kingdoms of Nature: The London Medical and Physical Journal, volume 44, page 247:

(book word, not comparable) Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of goats.

مَعَزِيّ

of, pertaining to, or characteristic of goats

Possessed of an odour reminiscent of goats.


hircine

(mineralogy) A fossil amorphous resin which, when burnt, gives off a pungent, hircinous aroma.


hive

From Middle English hyve, from Old English hȳf, from Proto-West Germanic *hūfi, from Proto-Indo-European *kuHp- (“water vessel”), from *kew- (“to bend, curve”).
See also Dutch huif (“beehive”), Danish dialect huv (“ship’s hull”); also Latin cūpa (“tub, vat”), Ancient Greek κύπη (kúpē, “gap, hole”), κύπελλον (kúpellon, “beaker”), Sanskrit कूप (kū́pa, “cave”). Doublet of coupe, cup, and keeve. The computing term was chosen as an in-joke relating to bees; see https://web.archive.org/web/20150715222122/http://blogs.msdn.com/b/oldnewthing/archive/2003/08/08/54618.aspx.

First, for thy Bees a quiet Station find, / And lodge 'em under Covert of the Wind: / For Winds, when homeward they return, will drive / The loaded Carriers from their Ev'ning Hive.

1697, Virgil, “The Fourth Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, lines 10–13:

A structure, whether artificial or natural, for housing a swarm of honeybees.

When that the general is not like the hive, to whom the foragers shall all repair, what honey is expected?

c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

Windows builds the registry from the five registry hives[…]

2006, Jean Andrews, Fixing Windows XP, page 352:

For devices built with hive-based registry implementation, the registry data are broken into three different hives — the boot hive, system hive, and user hive.

2011, Samuel Phung, Professional Microsoft Windows Embedded CE 6.0:

(computing, Microsoft Windows) A section of the registry.


hive

en-verb

hive (third-person singular simple present hives, present participle hiving, simple past and past participle hived)

hives (present singular third-person)
hiving (participle present)
hived (participle past)
hived (past)

to hive a swarm of bees

(transitive) To collect (bees) into a hive.

Hiving wisdom with each studious year.

1816, Lord Byron, “Canto III”, in Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. Canto the Third, London: Printed for John Murray, […], →OCLC, (please specify the stanza number):

(transitive) To store (something other than bees) in, or as if in, a hive.

(entomology) Of insects: to enter or possess a hive.


horseback

en-noun

horseback (countable and uncountable, plural horsebacks)

From Middle English horsebacke, horsebak, horsbak, equivalent to horse + back.

set a beggar on horseback and he'll ride to the Devil

They came on horseback across the plains.

(usually with on, upon, etc.) The back of a horse.

(countable) A ridge of sand, gravel, and boulders.


horseback

He rode horseback into town.


knacker

From Old Norse hnak (“saddle”) (whence Icelandic hnakkur (“saddle”)).

Travelling Community
Travelling Community

(Ireland, British, offensive) A member of the Travelling Community; a Rom (Gypsy).

antoušek

one who separates animals for reuse — see also flayer


lard

English: lard

Scots: lair, laird (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old French lard, from Latin lāridum, lārdum.


merganser

From Late Latin merganser, from Latin mergus (“waterfowl, diver”), from mergō (“to dip, immerse”) + ānser (“goose”).

Any of various diving ducks of the genera Mergus or Lophodytes, which feed on fish and have a sharply serrated bill.


muster

From Middle English musteren, borrowed from Anglo-Norman mostrer, Middle French monstrer, moustrer (whence the noun monstre, which gave the English noun), from Latin mōnstrō (“to show”), from moneō (“to admonish”). Cognate with French montrer (“to show”), Italian mostrare (“to show”), Spanish mostrar (“to show”). See also monster.

Ye publish the musters of your own bands, and proclaim them to amount of thousands.

1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

The sum total of an army when assembled for review and inspection; the whole number of effective men in an army.

McGuire took the two of them out to Kidman's Bore on the Sylvester River where about two dozen stockmen from different stations had gathered to tend the muster along the edge of the Simpson Desert.

2006, John Gilfoyle, Bloody Jackaroos!, Boolarong Press:

(Australia, New Zealand) A roundup of livestock for inspection, branding, drenching, shearing etc.


muster

en-verb

muster (third-person singular simple present musters, present participle mustering, simple past and past participle mustered)

musters (present singular third-person)
mustering (participle present)
mustered (participle past)
mustered (past)

We were then in the third week of November; but, we took our measures so vigorously, and were so well seconded by the friends in whom we confided, that there was still a week of the month unexpired, when our party all came down together merrily, and mustered in the haunted house.

1859, Charles Dickens, The Haunted House:

The whole male population, men and boys, mustered on the top of the hill.

1900, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 3, page 268:

(intransitive) To be gathered together for parade, inspection, exercise, or the like (especially of a military force); to come together as parts of a force or body.

(transitive, Australia, New Zealand) To gather or round up livestock.


nag

From Middle English nagg, nage, nagge (“horse, small riding horse, pony”), cognate with Dutch negge, neg (“horse”), German Nickel (“small horse”). Perhaps related to English neigh.

We used to lure the nags into the back of our truck with oats and sugar, then we'd drive back to town to this warehouse and inject the nags with small quantities of morphine I'd stolen.

2011, James Ellroy, Clandestine, →ISBN, page 245:


nag

nag (third-person singular simple present nags, present participle nagging, simple past and past participle nagged)

nags (present singular third-person)
nagging (participle present)
nagged (participle past)
nagged (past)

Probably from a North Germanic source; compare Swedish nagga (“to gnaw, grumble”), Danish nage (“to nag, bother”), Icelandic nagga (“to complain”).

I guess it happens all the time in crime stories where the detective suddenly remembers a bit of conversation that nags him in some way, then for some inexplicable reason, it's just right there in front of you, like a sign pointing 'here!

2010, John David Wells, Diamonds of Affection and Other Stories, →ISBN, page 100:

Sometimes I write because there is a question that nags at me, sometimes because there is a question that nags at other people.

2010, John Goldingay, Key Questions about Christian Faith: Old Testament Answers, →ISBN:

You are sleeping on your side in the bed in your flat, heavily embroiled in a dream which sucks and nags at you and makes no sense; an old primary school teacher is there and a cat you have to take to a supermarket; you are in a canoe.

2013, Ra Page, L.E. Yates, Ann Winter, Parenthesis: A New Generation in Short Fiction:

The notion that he forgot something nagged him the rest of the day.

To bother with persistent thoughts or memories.

But at night, around the uncertain edge of dreams, and when the wind nags, there are few whom an odd sound will not thrill

1999, Tim Parks, Adultery and Other Diversions, →ISBN:

When a breeze comes up and nags the surface, it sparkles like a gemstone.

We are well accustomed as we look out upon Nature at close range to see great creatures harrassed^([sic]) by little creatures. The lot of each big one seems to be in the keeping of some little one, which never quits it, nags it, stings it, wears it out, drives it desperate, makes life somewhat a burden to it and death somewhat a relief.

2014, James Lane Allen, The Last Christmas Tree: An Idyl of Immortality, →ISBN, page 8:

a nagging pain in his left knee

a nagging north wind

To bother or disturb persistently in any way.


nag

'That fellow is a nag.' 'Aye, the worst kind,' agreed Hamish, and then smiled, and at that smile, Miss Gunnery thawed even more.

2011, M.C. Beaton -, Death of a Nag, →ISBN:

When we see Wolfe struggling with many depictions of woman characters throughout the novel (the earlier ones being nags and white trash), we greatly admire the development of this living tribute to Aline Bernstein, a woman whom he ends up despising in his later life.

2014, Louise Hathaway, Nags, Sluts, and A Deep-Breasted Soulmate from the Shining City, →ISBN:

But, pchA has to produce more than awareness, always-on alerts/nags, or edu-tainment.

2015 -, Dwight McNeill, Using Person-Centered Health Analytics to Live Longer, →ISBN:

All that while there was a little nag going on at the back of his mind, which he strove to disregard. But it insisted on attention, and to get rid of it he put down his palette abruptly and got out his mustard-tin cash-box and counted his money.

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 152:

During my lengthy aerobic strolls (which more or less served as a tool of meditation), that thought about “college” became a persistent nag.

2009, James Swift, How I Survived Three Years at a Two-Year Community College, →ISBN:

There are two ways to get rid of our nags. We can either use Ninja decision-making to turn them quickly into actions, stored in our second brain to be revisited when we have some time. Or we can simply just capture and collect the nag, knowing that our systems will ensure we return to it later.

2014, Graham Allcott, How to be a Productivity Ninja, →ISBN:

That feeling turned into a very persistent nag.

2016, Sarah Lowndes, The DIY Movement in Art, Music and Publishing, →ISBN:

A persistent, bothersome thought or worry.


nanny

Constantijn Huygens Jr.
Nanny (disambiguation)

(1795) It has often been assumed that the English term was originally a widespread child's word for "female adult other than mother" (compare Greek νάννα (nánna, “aunt”), nanna). See also Welsh nain (“grandmother”).
On the other hand, according to recent research of the Dutch historical linguists Hans Beelen and Nicoline van der Sijs (published in Onze Taal, September 2018), on which see also etymologiebank.nl, in Dutch), the term nanny (and the British colloquial nan for "grandmother") may actually be eponymous, viz. being originally an affective form (i.e. a hypocoristic) of the popular female name Anne. The Dutch statesman and scientist Constantijn Huygens Jr. made the following observation during one of his many sojourns in England (noted in his Journaal, dated 13 December 1692): "Yesterday I received 10lb of chocolate again, from niece Becker, and she had Nanny, her maid, bringing me the money that she had owed me" (Gisteren kreegh 10 ℔ choccolate wederom van nicht Becker, en had Nanny, haer meidt, geweest om mij 't geldt, dat van haer hebben most, te brengen). Beelen and van der Sijs therefore assumed that "since many female domestic servants were named "Nan" or "Nanny", the name became a sobriquet for the profession of "maid, childminder" in the 18ᵗʰ century". ("Omdat veel vrouwelijke huisbedienden in het Engels de voornaam Nan of Nanny hadden, verschoof de betekenis in de achttiende eeuw naar die van een beroepsaanduiding: ‘meid, kindermeisje’")

onomatopoeic

child's word

Breeding is a consuming goal, and the ascendance of the sex drive is nearly as apparent in the behavior of a mountain goat billy. So given over is he to following and defending a succession of nannies as he searches for one in heat (estrus), he loses interest in food altogether; […]

1983, Douglas H. Chadwick, A Beast the Color of Winter: The Mountain Goat Observed, Bison Books, published 2002, →ISBN, page 159:

Nannies and billies look very similar, both having dangerously sharp, curved black horns.

2005, Richard Cannings, The Rockies: A Natural History, Greystone Books, published 2005, →ISBN, page 103:

A farmer friend keeps a video camera in the barn so she can turn on her goat cam and observe her animals at any time of the day or night. A baby monitor picks up the sounds of a nanny when she goes into labor—if the nanny is one who changes the usual pitch of her voice or nervously bleats during kidding.

2013, Janet Hurst, The Whole Goat Handbook: Recipes, Cheese, Soap, Crafts & More, Voyageur Press, published 2013, →ISBN, page 28:


neat

en-adj

neat (comparative neater, superlative neatest)

neater (comparative)
neatest (superlative)

on the rocks

antonym(s) of “undiluted liquor or cocktail”

From Middle English nete, net, nette, from Anglo-Norman neit (“good, desirable, clean”), a variant of Old French net, nette (“clean, clear, pure”), from Latin nitidus (“gleaming”), derived from nitēre (“to shine”). Doublet of net and nitid. Cognate with German nett (“nice, kind”).

der

My room is neat because I tidied it this morning.  She has very neat hair.

Then his sallow face brightened, for the hall had been carefully furnished, and was very clean. ¶ There was a neat hat-and-umbrella stand, and the stranger's weary feet fell soft on a good, serviceable dark-red drugget, which matched in colour the flock-paper on the walls.

1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter II, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC, page 0091:

A very neat old woman, still in her good outdoor coat and best beehive hat, was sitting at a polished mahogany table on whose surface there were several scored scratches so deep that a triangular piece of the veneer had come cleanly away,[…].

1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

Clean, tidy; free from dirt or impurities.


neat

artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence

(informal) An artificial intelligence researcher who believes that solutions should be elegant, clear and provably correct. Compare scruffy.


neat

From Middle English nete, neat, from Old English nēat (“animal, beast, ox, cow, cattle”), from Proto-West Germanic *naut, from Proto-Germanic *nautą (“foredeal, profit, property, livestock”), from Proto-Indo-European *newd- (“to acquire, make use of”). Cognate with Dutch noot (“cow, cattle”, in compounds), dialectal German Noß (“livestock”), Alemannic German Nooss (“young sheep or goat”), Swedish nöt (“cattle”), Icelandic naut (“cattle, bull”) and Faroese neyt (“cattle”). More at note.

cog

From thence into the open fields he fled, / Whereas the Heardes were keeping of their neat / And shepheards singing to their flockes, that fed,

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 467:

And yet the steer, the heifer, and the calf / Are all call’d neat.

c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

There on a Hillock thou mayſt ſing / Unto a handſome Shepardling; / Or to a Girle (that keeps the Neat) / VVith breath more ſvveet then Violet.

1648, Robert Herrick, “To his Muse”, in Hesperides: Or, The Works both Humane & Divine […], London: […] John Williams, and Francis Eglesfield, and are to be sold by Tho[mas] Hunt, […], →OCLC, page 2:


overreach

en-verb

overreach (third-person singular simple present overreaches, present participle overreaching, simple past and past participle overreached or (obsolete) overraught)

overreaches (present singular third-person)
overreaching (participle present)
overreached (participle past)
overreached (past)
overraught (obsolete participle past)
overraught (obsolete past)

/ˌəʊvəˈɹiːt͡ʃ/

/ˌoʊvə(ɹ)ˈɹit͡ʃ/

The verb is from Middle English overrechen (“to rise above; to extend beyond or over; to encroach; to catch, overtake; to reach; to obtain wrongfully (?); to take up (a book) to revise it”) [and other forms], equivalent to over- + reach; the noun is derived from the verb or from the phrase to reach over.

nb...

overreche, overreiche, (Northern England) overreke

أَنَافَ

to reach above or beyond, especially to an excessive degree

Attinto, [...] Alſo when a horſe is tainted or hurt, or ouerreacheth one foote with another, and withal doth hurt a ſinew.

1598, John Florio, “Attinto”, in A Worlde of Words, or Most Copious, and Exact Dictionarie in Italian and English, […], London: […] Arnold Hatfield for Edw[ard] Blount, →OCLC, page 32, column 3:

Defective or bad form will predispose a horse to overreach. Bad shoeing will also be liable to cause the hind-foot to catch the forward one.

1864, John Nicholson Navin, “Vices of the Horse”, in Navin’s Veterinary Practice: Or Explanatory Horse Doctor. […], Indianapolis, Ind.: Published for the author; stereotyped at the Franklin Type Foundry, […], →OCLC, division I, page 287:

(ambitransitive, reflexive, equestrianism) Of a horse: to strike the heel of a forefoot with the toe of a hindfoot.


overreach

en-noun

overreach (countable and uncountable, plural overreaches)

/ˈəʊvə(ˌ)ɹiːt͡ʃ/

/ˈoʊvə(ɹ)ˌɹit͡ʃ/

The hunter's [i.e., hunting horse's] legs should be washed with warm water, carefully examined for thorns, overreaches, &c., and the legs should be rubbed dry, and well hand rubbed, by which means a free circulation of the blood will be promoted.

1833 April, “Teaching the Horse to Leap”, in T. B. Johnson, editor, The Sportsman’s Cabinet, and Town and Country Magazine, volume I, number 6, London: Published by Sherwood, Gilbert, & Piper, […], →OCLC, page 424:

Overreach.—This unpleasant noise, known also by the terms ‘clicking’, ‘overreach’, &c., arises from the toe of the hind foot knocking against the shoe of the fore foot.

1833 October, “Art. LXVI.—The Vices, and Disagreeable or Dangerous Habits of the Horse. [From the Library of Useful Knowledge.]”, in John D. Legare, editor, The Southern Agriculturist, and Register of Rural Affairs; […], volume VI, number 10, Charleston, S.C.: Printed and published for the editor, by A. E. Miller, […], →OCLC, part II (Selections), page 547:

(equestrianism) Of a horse: an act of striking the heel of a forefoot with the toe of a hindfoot; an injury caused by this action.


rout

rout (countable and uncountable, plural routs)

The noun is derived from Middle English rout, route (“group of people associated with one another, company; entourage, retinue; army; group of soldiers; group of pirates; large number of people, crowd; throng; group of disreputable people, mob; riot; group of animals; group of objects; proper condition or manner”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman route, rute, Middle French rote, route, Old French rote, route, rute (“group of people, company; group of armed people; group of criminals; group of cattle”) (modern French route (obsolete)), from Latin rupta (compare Late Latin ruta, rutta (“group of marauders; riot; unlawful assembly”)), the feminine of ruptus (“broken; burst, ruptured”), the perfect passive participle of rumpō (“to break, burst, rupture, tear; to force open; (figurative) to annul; to destroy; to interrupt”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break; to tear (up)”). The English word is a doublet of route.
The verb is derived from Middle English routen (“to assemble, congregate; of animals: to herd together; to regroup, make a stand against; to be riotous, to riot”) [and other forms], from rout, route (noun); see above.

nb...

rote, rought, roughte, rouht, routh, routhte, routt, routte, rouwte, rouʒt, rouʒte, rovte, rowt, rowte, rowth, rowthte, rowtt, rowtte, rowȝt, ruth, rutte, (West Midlands) roite, (Northern England) rutte, ruth, (chiefly Northern England, early Middle English) rut, rute

nb...

route, rowte, (Northern England) rute, (Late Middle English) rouȝt

(countable, archaic) A group of animals, especially one which is lively or unruly, or made up of wild animals such as wolves; a flock, a herd, a pack.


rout

en-verb

rout (third-person singular simple present routs, present participle routing, simple past and past participle routed)

routs (present singular third-person)
routing (participle present)
routed (participle past)
routed (past)

A variant of wrout, itself a variant of wroot (“to search or root in the ground”) (obsolete), from Middle English wroten (“to search or root in the ground; of a person: to dig earth; of a worm: to slither, wriggle; to corrode; of a worm: to irritate by biting the skin; to destroy (a fortification) by digging or mining”) [and other forms] (whence root), from Old English wrōtan (“to root up or rummage with the snout”). from Proto-West Germanic *wrōtan, from Proto-Germanic *wrōtaną (“to dig with the nose or snout, to root”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“a root”), cf. English wort, English root .

nb...

vrote, wroote, wrot, wrote, wrothe, wrotyn, (Scotland) wrotte

inh

Nevertheless, he was always stimulated by Winsett, and whenever he caught sight of the journalist's lean bearded face and melancholy eyes he would rout him out of his corner and carry him off for a long talk.

1920, Edith Wharton, chapter XIV, in The Age of Innocence, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC, book I, page 122:

(transitive, chiefly US) Usually followed by from: to compel (someone) to leave a place; specifically (usually followed by out or up), to cause (someone) to get out of bed.


rout

Possibly a variant of root (“to dig or pull out by the roots; to abolish, exterminate, root out”), from Middle English wroten; see further at etymology 5. Some recent uses are difficult to tell apart from rout (“of an animal, especially a pig: to search (for something) in the ground with the snout; to search for and find (something)”).

(transitive) Usually followed by out or up: to dig or pull up (a plant) by the roots; to extirpate, to uproot.

(transitive, figurative) Usually followed by out: to find and eradicate (something harmful or undesirable); to root out.


route

→ Japanese: ルート

From Middle English route, from Old French route, from Latin [rupta] via (literally “a path made by force”). Compare Modern French route.

der

(horse racing) A race longer than one mile.


snout

From Middle English snowte, snoute, from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German snute (alternatively spelled snuut, snuyt), from Proto-West Germanic *snūt, from Proto-Germanic *snūtaz.
Compare Saterland Frisian Snuute, Dutch snuit or snoet (“snout; cute face”), German Schnauze, Schnute. Doublet of snoot.

морон

anterior prolongation of head of weevil and other insects

(Bob, p. 55:) Charlie was the most vicious screw on the block ... He caught me with the two ounces of snout right in my hand, caught me by the hair, and swung me round in the exercise yard ...
(Spider, p. 175:) She brings me snout and sweets, and sometimes a cake from Mum.

LIZ. I only got one left. / FRED (calls). Get us some snout. / MIKE. Five or ten?

Also he was "doing his nut" for some "snout." I said I would provide cigarettes.

2000, Joe Randolph Ackerley, P N Furbank, We Think the World of You:

Raymond rolled a neat cigarette. "What about some snout, then?" "No, thanks." He laughed. Smoke drifted from his open mouth.

2004, Allan Sillitoe, New and Collected Stories:


stag

en-noun

stag (countable and uncountable, plural stags)

stags (plural)
steg (alternative)
staig (alternative)
stagg (alternative)
stagge (alternative)

From Middle English stagge, steg, from Old English stagga, stacga (“a stag”) and Old Norse steggi, steggr (“a male animal”), both from Proto-Germanic *staggijô, *staggijaz (“male, male deer, porcupine”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *stegʰ-, *stengʰ- (“to sting; rod, blade; sharp, stiff”). Cognate with Icelandic steggi, steggur (“tomcat, male fox”). Related to staggard, staggon.

a stag dance; a stag party; a stag bar

(countable, usually attributive) An unmarried man; a bachelor; a man not accompanying a woman at a social event.

The stag will be held in the hotel's ballroom.

(countable) A social event for men held in honor of a groom on the eve of his wedding, attended by male friends of the groom; sometimes a fundraiser.


unsound

en-adj

unsound (comparative more unsound or unsounder, superlative most unsound or unsoundest)

more unsound (comparative)
unsounder (comparative)
most unsound (superlative)
unsoundest (superlative)

... A horse labouring under a temporary injury, capable of being speedily cured, is not unsound within the meaning of a warranty of soundness ...

1822, Sir John Comyns, Anthony Hammond, A Digest of the Laws of England:

(especially of equestrianism) Infirm, diseased.


veal

en-noun

veal (countable and uncountable, plural veals)

veals (plural)
veale (alternative)
veel (alternative)

From Middle English veel, from Anglo-Norman veel, from Latin vitellus, diminutive of vitulus (“calf”). Doublet of vitellus.

The flesh of a calf (i.e. a young bovine) used for food.


ringer

Some senses may derive from ring the changes (“run through variations; enliven; pass counterfeit money; trick a shopkeeper into giving too much change”).

(horse racing) A horse fraudulently entered in a race using the name of another horse.


babi

→ Dutch: babi

From Malay babi, from Proto-Malayic *babi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babuy, from Proto-Austronesian *babuy. Doublet of bagong.


babi

From Proto-Philippine *babuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babuy, from Proto-Austronesian *babuy. Compare Tagalog baboy.


babi

From Proto-Batak *babuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babuy, from Proto-Austronesian *babuy.


babi

ms-noun

babi (Jawi spelling بابي, plural babi-babi, informal 1st possessive babiku, 2nd possessive babimu, 3rd possessive babinya)

بابي (Jawi)
babi-babi (plural)
babiku (first-person informal possessive)
babimu (possessive second-person)
babinya (possessive third-person)
baie (alternative)

Baba Malay: babi

Indonesian: babi
→ Dutch: babi

From Proto-Malayic *babi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babuy, from Proto-Austronesian *babuy.


vitello

→ Ottoman Turkish: ودله (vedela)

From Latin vitellus. Compare Romanian vițel, French veau, Catalan vedella .


surfer

→ Japanese: サーファー (sāfā)

Melanitta perspicillata
Melanitta perspicillata#Translingual

(obsolete) A duck, the surf scoter (Melanitta perspicillata).


black sheep

He always was the black sheep in the family, as an artist among doctors and lawyers.

(idiomatic) A nonconformist; an unusual or unconventional person, who may be rejected or disdained by others for this reason.

бе́лая воро́на f (bélaja voróna, literally “white crow”)


babiroussa

babiroussas (plural)
babirusa (alternative)
babirussa (alternative)
babyroussa (alternative)

From French babiroussa, from Malay babi rusa (“babiroussa, deer hog”).

der

Any large hoglike quadruped, of the genus Babyrousa, found in the East Indies, sometimes domesticated, with its upper canine teeth or tusks large and recurved.


babiroussa

Borrowed from Malay babi rusa (“babiroussa, deer hog”).


fol

head

fol (definite accusative folu, plural follar)

folu (accusative definite)
follar (plural)
fol (nominative singular)
follar (nominative plural)
folu (accusative definite singular)
folları (accusative definite plural)
fola (dative singular)
follara (dative plural)
folda (locative singular)
follarda (locative plural)
foldan (ablative singular)
follardan (ablative plural)
folun (genitive singular)
folların (genitive plural)
folum (first-person nominative singular)
follarım (first-person nominative singular)
folun (nominative second-person singular)
folların (nominative second-person singular)
folu (nominative singular third-person)
folları (nominative singular third-person)
folumuz (first-person nominative plural)
follarımız (first-person nominative plural)
folunuz (nominative plural second-person)
follarınız (nominative plural second-person)
folları (nominative plural third-person)
folumu (accusative definite first-person singular)
follarımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
folunu (accusative definite second-person singular)
follarını (accusative definite second-person singular)
folunu (accusative definite singular third-person)
follarını (accusative definite singular third-person)
folumuzu (accusative definite first-person plural)
follarımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
folunuzu (accusative definite plural second-person)
follarınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
follarını (accusative definite plural third-person)
foluma (dative first-person singular)
follarıma (dative first-person singular)
foluna (dative second-person singular)
follarına (dative second-person singular)
foluna (dative singular third-person)
follarına (dative singular third-person)
folumuza (dative first-person plural)
follarımıza (dative first-person plural)
folunuza (dative plural second-person)
follarınıza (dative plural second-person)
follarına (dative plural third-person)
folumda (first-person locative singular)
follarımda (first-person locative singular)
folunda (locative second-person singular)
follarında (locative second-person singular)
folunda (locative singular third-person)
follarında (locative singular third-person)
folumuzda (first-person locative plural)
follarımızda (first-person locative plural)
folunuzda (locative plural second-person)
follarınızda (locative plural second-person)
follarında (locative plural third-person)
folumdan (ablative first-person singular)
follarımdan (ablative first-person singular)
folundan (ablative second-person singular)
follarından (ablative second-person singular)
folundan (ablative singular third-person)
follarından (ablative singular third-person)
folumuzdan (ablative first-person plural)
follarımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
folunuzdan (ablative plural second-person)
follarınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
follarından (ablative plural third-person)
folumun (first-person genitive singular)
follarımın (first-person genitive singular)
folunun (genitive second-person singular)
follarının (genitive second-person singular)
folunun (genitive singular third-person)
follarının (genitive singular third-person)
folumuzun (first-person genitive plural)
follarımızın (first-person genitive plural)
folunuzun (genitive plural second-person)
follarınızın (genitive plural second-person)
follarının (genitive plural third-person)
fala (alternative)
hal (alternative)
hol (alternative)
höl (alternative)
holu (alternative)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish فول (fol, “a nest-egg”), from Greek φώλι (fóli, “the act or place of incubation, nest”), from Ancient Greek φωλεός (phōleós, “den, animal burrow”).

der

(colloquial) An egg or egg-shaped object placed at a spot for a hen to lay her eggs there; a nest egg.

fol yok yumurta yok

don't count your chickens before they hatch


Ferkel

de-noun

Ferkel n (strong, genitive Ferkels, plural Ferkel, diminutive Ferkelchen n or Ferklein n)

Ferkels (genitive)
Ferkel (plural)
Ferkelchen (diminutive neuter)
Ferklein (diminutive neuter)
Ferkel (nominative singular)
Ferkel (definite nominative plural)
Ferkels (genitive singular)
Ferkel (definite genitive plural)
Ferkel (dative singular)
Ferkeln (dative definite plural)
Ferkel (accusative singular)
Ferkel (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German verhelīn, from Old High German farhilī, farhilīn, diminutive of farah (“pig”), from Proto-Germanic *farhaz, whence English farrow.
The -k- has been explained as an irregular fortition of -h-, which would be plausible if the form were of Upper German origin, where -h- was strong and where there was dialectal variation between -rch- and -rk-. However, Middle High German verkelen is first found in West Central German along the Rhine, where stem-internal -h- had been lost early on (compare accordingly Middle High German verlīn). It therefore seems at least equally probable that the -k- is due to influence by a related Rhenish word for “pig, piglet”, still found today in Ripuarian Ferke, which goes back to a Frankish *far(i)kīn (compare Old Dutch farkīn, ferkīn, whence modern Dutch varken), from Proto-Germanic *farhikīną, another diminutive of *farhaz.

(derogatory) a dirty or contemptible person


porsas

porsas (nominative singular)
porsaat (nominative plural)
porsas (accusative nominative singular)
porsaat (accusative nominative plural)
porsaan (accusative genitive singular)
porsaat (accusative genitive plural)
porsaan (genitive singular)
porsaiden (genitive plural)
porsaitten (genitive plural)
porsasten (genitive plural rare)
porsasta (partitive singular)
porsaita (partitive plural)
porsaassa (inessive singular)
porsaissa (inessive plural)
porsaasta (elative singular)
porsaista (elative plural)
porsaaseen (illative singular)
porsaisiin (illative plural)
porsaihin (illative plural rare)
porsaalla (adessive singular)
porsailla (adessive plural)
porsaalta (ablative singular)
porsailta (ablative plural)
porsaalle (allative singular)
porsaille (allative plural)
porsaana (essive singular)
porsaina (essive plural)
porsaaksi (singular translative)
porsaiksi (plural translative)
porsaatta (abessive singular)
porsaitta (abessive plural)
porsain (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
porsaani (nominative singular)
porsaani (nominative plural)
porsaani (accusative nominative singular)
porsaani (accusative nominative plural)
porsaani (accusative genitive singular)
porsaani (accusative genitive plural)
porsaani (genitive singular)
porsaideni (genitive plural)
porsaitteni (genitive plural)
porsasteni (genitive plural rare)
porsastani (partitive singular)
porsaitani (partitive plural)
porsaassani (inessive singular)
porsaissani (inessive plural)
porsaastani (elative singular)
porsaistani (elative plural)
porsaaseeni (illative singular)
porsaisiini (illative plural)
porsaihini (illative plural rare)
porsaallani (adessive singular)
porsaillani (adessive plural)
porsaaltani (ablative singular)
porsailtani (ablative plural)
porsaalleni (allative singular)
porsailleni (allative plural)
porsaanani (essive singular)
porsainani (essive plural)
porsaakseni (singular translative)
porsaikseni (plural translative)
porsaattani (abessive singular)
porsaittani (abessive plural)
porsaineni (comitative plural)
porsaasi (nominative singular)
porsaasi (nominative plural)
porsaasi (accusative nominative singular)
porsaasi (accusative nominative plural)
porsaasi (accusative genitive singular)
porsaasi (accusative genitive plural)
porsaasi (genitive singular)
porsaidesi (genitive plural)
porsaittesi (genitive plural)
porsastesi (genitive plural rare)
porsastasi (partitive singular)
porsaitasi (partitive plural)
porsaassasi (inessive singular)
porsaissasi (inessive plural)
porsaastasi (elative singular)
porsaistasi (elative plural)
porsaaseesi (illative singular)
porsaisiisi (illative plural)
porsaihisi (illative plural rare)
porsaallasi (adessive singular)
porsaillasi (adessive plural)
porsaaltasi (ablative singular)
porsailtasi (ablative plural)
porsaallesi (allative singular)
porsaillesi (allative plural)
porsaanasi (essive singular)
porsainasi (essive plural)
porsaaksesi (singular translative)
porsaiksesi (plural translative)
porsaattasi (abessive singular)
porsaittasi (abessive plural)
porsainesi (comitative plural)
porsaamme (nominative singular)
porsaamme (nominative plural)
porsaamme (accusative nominative singular)
porsaamme (accusative nominative plural)
porsaamme (accusative genitive singular)
porsaamme (accusative genitive plural)
porsaamme (genitive singular)
porsaidemme (genitive plural)
porsaittemme (genitive plural)
porsastemme (genitive plural rare)
porsastamme (partitive singular)
porsaitamme (partitive plural)
porsaassamme (inessive singular)
porsaissamme (inessive plural)
porsaastamme (elative singular)
porsaistamme (elative plural)
porsaaseemme (illative singular)
porsaisiimme (illative plural)
porsaihimme (illative plural rare)
porsaallamme (adessive singular)
porsaillamme (adessive plural)
porsaaltamme (ablative singular)
porsailtamme (ablative plural)
porsaallemme (allative singular)
porsaillemme (allative plural)
porsaanamme (essive singular)
porsainamme (essive plural)
porsaaksemme (singular translative)
porsaiksemme (plural translative)
porsaattamme (abessive singular)
porsaittamme (abessive plural)
porsainemme (comitative plural)
porsaanne (nominative singular)
porsaanne (nominative plural)
porsaanne (accusative nominative singular)
porsaanne (accusative nominative plural)
porsaanne (accusative genitive singular)
porsaanne (accusative genitive plural)
porsaanne (genitive singular)
porsaidenne (genitive plural)
porsaittenne (genitive plural)
porsastenne (genitive plural rare)
porsastanne (partitive singular)
porsaitanne (partitive plural)
porsaassanne (inessive singular)
porsaissanne (inessive plural)
porsaastanne (elative singular)
porsaistanne (elative plural)
porsaaseenne (illative singular)
porsaisiinne (illative plural)
porsaihinne (illative plural rare)
porsaallanne (adessive singular)
porsaillanne (adessive plural)
porsaaltanne (ablative singular)
porsailtanne (ablative plural)
porsaallenne (allative singular)
porsaillenne (allative plural)
porsaananne (essive singular)
porsainanne (essive plural)
porsaaksenne (singular translative)
porsaiksenne (plural translative)
porsaattanne (abessive singular)
porsaittanne (abessive plural)
porsainenne (comitative plural)
porsaansa (nominative singular)
porsaansa (nominative plural)
porsaansa (accusative nominative singular)
porsaansa (accusative nominative plural)
porsaansa (accusative genitive singular)
porsaansa (accusative genitive plural)
porsaansa (genitive singular)
porsaidensa (genitive plural)
porsaittensa (genitive plural)
porsastensa (genitive plural rare)
porsastaan (partitive singular)
porsastansa (partitive singular)
porsaitaan (partitive plural)
porsaitansa (partitive plural)
porsaassaan (inessive singular)
porsaassansa (inessive singular)
porsaissaan (inessive plural)
porsaissansa (inessive plural)
porsaastaan (elative singular)
porsaastansa (elative singular)
porsaistaan (elative plural)
porsaistansa (elative plural)
porsaaseensa (illative singular)
porsaisiinsa (illative plural)
porsaihinsa (illative plural rare)
porsaallaan (adessive singular)
porsaallansa (adessive singular)
porsaillaan (adessive plural)
porsaillansa (adessive plural)
porsaaltaan (ablative singular)
porsaaltansa (ablative singular)
porsailtaan (ablative plural)
porsailtansa (ablative plural)
porsaalleen (allative singular)
porsaallensa (allative singular)
porsailleen (allative plural)
porsaillensa (allative plural)
porsaanaan (essive singular)
porsaanansa (essive singular)
porsainaan (essive plural)
porsainansa (essive plural)
porsaakseen (singular translative)
porsaaksensa (singular translative)
porsaikseen (plural translative)
porsaiksensa (plural translative)
porsaattaan (abessive singular)
porsaattansa (abessive singular)
porsaittaan (abessive plural)
porsaittansa (abessive plural)
porsaineen (comitative plural)
porsainensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *porcas, from Proto-Finno-Permic *porćas, borrowed from a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *pórḱos (either Balto-Slavic or Indo-Iranian). Related to Erzya пурцос (purcos). Ultimately cognate with English pork.

(figuratively) pig (messy, slovenly, disgusting, or nasty person)


porsas

porsas (nominative singular)
porsaat (nominative plural)
porsaan (genitive singular)
porsain (genitive plural)
porsasta (partitive singular)
porsast (partitive singular)
porsaita (partitive plural)
porsaja (partitive plural)
porsaasse (illative singular)
porsaisse (illative plural)
porsaas (inessive singular)
porsais (inessive plural)
porsaast (elative singular)
porsaist (elative plural)
porsaalle (allative singular)
porsaille (allative plural)
porsaal (adessive singular)
porsail (adessive plural)
porsaalt (ablative singular)
porsailt (ablative plural)
porsaaks (singular translative)
porsaiks (plural translative)
porsaanna (essive singular)
porsaan (essive singular)
porsainna (essive plural)
porsain (essive plural)
porsaant (exessive singular)
porsaint (exessive plural)

[ˈpo̞rʒ̥ɑʒ̥]

From Proto-Finnic *porcas. Cognates include Finnish porsas and Estonian põrsas. Compare distantly related Russian поросёнок (porosjónok).


zobo

zobos (plural)
dsomo (alternative)
zhobo (alternative)

From Tibetan མཛོ་པོ (mdzo po, “male bull–yak hybrid”); see zebu for more.

der

A kind of Asian cattle, supposed to be a hybrid between the zebu and yak.


borra

head

borra m (genitive singular borra, nominative plural borraí)

borra (genitive singular)
borraí (nominative plural)
borra (indefinite nominative singular)
borraí (indefinite nominative plural)
a bhorra (indefinite singular vocative)
a bhorraí (indefinite plural vocative)
borra (genitive indefinite singular)
borraí (genitive indefinite plural)
borra (dative indefinite singular)
borraí (dative indefinite plural)
an borra (definite nominative singular)
na borraí (definite nominative plural)
an bhorra (definite genitive singular)
na mborraí (definite genitive plural)
leis an mborra (dative definite singular)
don bhorra (dative definite singular)
leis na borraí (dative definite plural)
borra
bhorra
mborra


gat

gāt (canonical feminine)
gāt (nominative singular)
gǣt (nominative plural)
gāt (accusative singular)
gǣt (accusative plural)
gǣt (genitive singular)
gāte (genitive singular)
gāta (genitive plural)
gǣt (dative singular)
gātum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: got, gat, gathe, goth, goet, gote, gothe, goot (Late Middle English)
English: goat (see there for further descendants)
Scots: gait, gayt
Yola: geearth, geearte, gurth

From Proto-Germanic *gaits. Cognate with Old Frisian *gāt, Old Saxon gēt, Old Dutch *geit, Old High German geiz, Old Norse geit, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 (gaits); and with Latin haedus (“kid”).

Iċ eom wunderliċu wiht, wrǣsne mīne stefne, hwīlum beorce swā hund, hwīlum blǣte swā gāt, hwīlum grǣde swā gōs, hwīlum ġielle swā hafoc,…

I am a wonderful thing, change my voice, sometimes bark like a hound, sometimes bleat like a goat, sometimes cry like a goose, sometimes yell like a hawk,…


capra

From Latin capra, from its masculine version caper, from Proto-Italic *kapros, from Proto-Indo-European *kápros.


capra

la-noun

capra f (genitive caprae, masculine căpĕr); first declension

caprae (genitive)
căpĕr (masculine)
capra (nominative singular)
caprae (nominative plural)
caprae (genitive singular)
caprārum (genitive plural)
caprae (dative singular)
caprīs (dative plural)
capram (accusative singular)
caprās (accusative plural)
caprā (ablative singular)
caprīs (ablative plural)
capra (singular vocative)
caprae (plural vocative)

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: caprã

Istro-Romanian: cåprĕ

Megleno-Romanian: capră

Romanian: capră

Italo-Romance:

Italian: capra

Neapolitan: crapa

Sicilian: crapa

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: craba

Northern Italian:

Istriot: càvara

Venetan: cavra, càora, càvara

Gallo-Italian:

Lombard: crava

Piedmontese: crava

Rhaeto-Romance:

Friulian: cjavre

Ladin: cëura

Romansch: chaura, caura, tgora, chevra

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: chiévra

Oïl:

Old French: chievre, kievre

Middle French: chevre

French: chèvre

→ English: chèvre; ⇒ chevon

Norman: quièvre

Picard: kiève, tchiève (Amiens)

Walloon: tchive

Oc:

Catalan: cabra

Old Occitan: cabra

Occitan: cabra, chabra, craba

→ Franco-Provençal: cabra

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: craba, crapa

Asturian: cabra

Old Portuguese:

Galician: cabra

Portuguese: cabra

Spanish: cabra

→ Translingual: Capra

→ Etruscan: 𐌊𐌀𐌐𐌓𐌀 (kapra)

From căpĕr (“billy goat, he-goat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kápros (“buck, he-goat”); see also Old Norse hafr (“he-goat”), Old English hæfer, Welsh gafr, Old Irish gabor.

der

stat quoque capra simul … īnfantī lac dēdit illa Iovī.

Also together [with him] stands a she-goat … that gave her milk to the infant Jove.
(Ovid refers to mythology about the baby Jupiter/Iuppiter or Zeus having been suckled by a goat, or the goddess Amalthea; see Amalthea (mythology).)


sto

sto (indefinite nominative singular)
stos (genitive indefinite singular)
stoet (definite nominative singular)
stoets (definite genitive singular)
ston (indefinite nominative plural)
stons (genitive indefinite plural)
stona (definite nominative plural)
stonas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish stōþ, from Old Norse stóð, from Proto-Germanic *stōdą. Compare Icelandic stóð.


tay

head

tay (definite accusative tayı, plural taylar)

tayı (accusative definite)
taylar (plural)

From Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (tay), from Proto-Turkic [Term?]. Cognate with Kazakh тай (tai), Chuvash тиха (tih̬a), тӑйха (tăjh̬a), Azerbaijani dayça.


mec

Unknown. First attested in the 14th century.


ταύρος

head

ταύρος • (távros) m (plural ταύροι, feminine αγελάδα)

távros (romanization)
ταύροι (plural)
αγελάδα (feminine)
ταύρος (nominative singular)
ταύροι (nominative plural)
ταύρου (genitive singular)
ταύρων (genitive plural)
ταύρο (accusative singular)
ταύρους (accusative plural)
ταύρε (singular vocative)
ταύροι (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek ταῦρος (taûros), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.


닭

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 啄.
In the hangul script, first attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄃᆞᆰ (Yale: tòlk).
possibly related to Mongolian тахиа (taxia) , Khitan 𘰺𘯛𘯺 (*t qo a) and Proto-Turkic *tiakïgu

ko-etym-native

Gallus gallus
Gallus gallus#Translingual

specifically the domestic chicken, Gallus gallus, sometimes Gallus gallus domesticus.


ente

ttj-noun

ente class 9 (plural ente class 10, augmentless nte, plural augmentless nte)

ente class 9 (canonical)
ente class 10 (plural)
augmentless nte (plural)

From en- (class 9 noun prefix) + Proto-Sog Eastern Sudanic *-te. Cognate with Luganda ente.

cow, bull, ox, cattle, domestic bovine, member of the species Bos taurus


svin

svinet (definite singular)
svin (indefinite plural)
svina (definite plural)

From Old Norse svín, from Proto-Germanic *swīną, from an adjectival form of Proto-Indo-European *suH-.

(derogatory, vulgar) a despicable person, often in reference to their literal or figurative uncleanliness


svin

svin (indefinite nominative singular)
svins (genitive indefinite singular)
svinet (definite nominative singular)
svinets (definite genitive singular)
svin (indefinite nominative plural)
svins (genitive indefinite plural)
svinen (definite nominative plural)
svinens (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse svín, from Proto-Germanic *swīną, from an adjectival form of Proto-Indo-European *sū-.

hog, pig, swine (member of the family Suidae)


carpenter

From Middle English carpenter, from Anglo-Norman carpenter (compare Old French charpentier), from Late Latin carpentārius (“a carpenter”), from Latin carpentārius (“a wagon-maker, carriage-maker”), from Latin carpentum (“a two-wheeled carriage, coach, or chariot, a cart”), from Gaulish carbantos, from Proto-Celtic *karbantos (“chariot, war chariot”), probably related to Proto-Celtic *karros (“wagon”). Doublet of carpintero. More at car.
Displaced native Old English trēowwyrhta (literally “tree worker”).

ncog

A person skilled at carpentry, the trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures.


akaka

Cognate to Choctaw aka̱ka, Alabama akaaka


hood

From Middle English hood, hod, from Old English hōd, from Proto-Germanic *hōdaz (cognate with Saterland Frisian Houd, West Frisian/Dutch hoed, German Low German Hood, German Hut). Cognate with Proto-Iranian *xawdaH (“hat”) (compare Avestan 𐬑𐬂𐬛𐬀 (xåda), Old Persian 𐎧𐎢𐎭 (x-u-d /xaudā/)), from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to cover”). More at hat.

kapuç

covering for the head attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak

A covering for the head, usually attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak.

(equestrianism) A head and neck covering placed on horses to protect against insects and sunlight, to slow coat growth and for warmth.


Keiler

de-noun

Keiler m (strong, genitive Keilers, plural Keiler, feminine Bache or Wildsau)

Keilers (genitive)
Keiler (plural)
Bache (feminine)
Wildsau (feminine)
Keiler (nominative singular)
Keiler (definite nominative plural)
Keilers (genitive singular)
Keiler (definite genitive plural)
Keiler (dative singular)
Keilern (dative definite plural)
Keiler (accusative singular)
Keiler (accusative definite plural)


Wildschwein

Wildschwein n (strong, genitive Wildschweines or Wildschweins, plural Wildschweine, diminutive Wildschweinchen n)

Wildschweines (genitive)
Wildschweins (genitive)
Wildschweine (plural)
Wildschweinchen (diminutive neuter)
Wildschwein (nominative singular)
Wildschweine (definite nominative plural)
Wildschweines (genitive singular)
Wildschweins (genitive singular)
Wildschweine (definite genitive plural)
Wildschwein (dative singular)
Wildschweine (dative singular)
Wildschweinen (dative definite plural)
Wildschwein (accusative singular)
Wildschweine (accusative definite plural)

Inherited from Middle High German wiltswīn. By surface analysis, wild + Schwein.


Frischling

de-noun

Frischling m (strong, genitive Frischlings, plural Frischlinge)

Frischlings (genitive)
Frischlinge (plural)
Frischling (nominative singular)
Frischlinge (definite nominative plural)
Frischlings (genitive singular)
Frischlinge (definite genitive plural)
Frischling (dative singular)
Frischlingen (dative definite plural)
Frischling (accusative singular)
Frischlinge (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German vrischinc, Old High German frisking (“beast of offering”).

inh

A young/immature wild boar. The generic term is Wildschwein.


Schwein

de-noun

Schwein n (strong, genitive Schweines or Schweins, plural Schweine, diminutive Schweinchen n or Schweinderl n)

Schweines (genitive)
Schweins (genitive)
Schweine (plural)
Schweinchen (diminutive neuter)
Schweinderl (diminutive neuter)
Schwein (nominative singular)
Schweine (definite nominative plural)
Schweines (genitive singular)
Schweins (genitive singular)
Schweine (definite genitive plural)
Schwein (dative singular)
Schweine (dative singular)
Schweinen (dative definite plural)
Schwein (accusative singular)
Schweine (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German swīn, from Old High German swīn (akin to Old Saxon swīn), from Proto-West Germanic *swīn.
Compare Low German Swin, Swien, Schwien (Schweyn), Dutch zwijn, English swine, Danish svin (also comparable to Latin suīnus and to Polish świnia).

cog

(often construed with haben) luck, good fortune


Eber

de-noun

Eber m (strong, genitive Ebers, plural Eber)

Ebers (genitive)
Eber (plural)
Eber (nominative singular)
Eber (definite nominative plural)
Ebers (genitive singular)
Eber (definite genitive plural)
Eber (dative singular)
Ebern (dative definite plural)
Eber (accusative singular)
Eber (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German ëber, from Old High German ebur, from Proto-West Germanic *ebur, from Proto-Germanic *eburaz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-r-.
Cognate with Dutch ever, Latin aper, Serbo-Croatian vepar. Despite the similarity in form and meaning, not related to obsolete dialectal Bär (“boar”) (which see), nor to Bär (“bear”).


Sau

Sau f (genitive Sau, plural Säue or Sauen)

Sau (genitive)
Säue (plural)
Sauen (plural)
Sau (nominative singular)
Säue (definite nominative plural)
Sauen (definite nominative plural)
Sau (genitive singular)
Säue (definite genitive plural)
Sauen (definite genitive plural)
Sau (dative singular)
Säuen (dative definite plural)
Sauen (dative definite plural)
Sau (accusative singular)
Säue (accusative definite plural)
Sauen (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German sū, from Old High German sū, from Proto-West Germanic *sū.

(figurative) a dislikable or unethical person


pito

ſſete ouellas τ dous años τ ſſete cabras τ quatro cabritos τ duas porcas τ mea doutra τ hũa porcalla con ſſeus fillos τ dose patas τ treσe gallinas cõ quatorze pĩtoos

1348, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia, editor, História do galego-português, Coimbra: I.N.I.C, page 159:

seven sheep and two lambs and seven goats and four kids and two sows and a half and a sow with her sons and twelve ducks and thirteen hens with fourteen chicks


chevreau

→ Finnish: sauro

→ Macedonian: ше́вро (šévro)

→ Polish: szewro

→ Russian: шевро́ (ševró)

From chèvre + -eau, or from Old French chevrel, diminutive of chievre or possibly from Latin capellus influenced by chèvre.


tehén

tehenek (plural)
tehén (nominative singular)
tehenek (nominative plural)
tehenet (accusative singular)
teheneket (accusative plural)
tehénnek (dative singular)
teheneknek (dative plural)
tehénnel (instrumental singular)
tehenekkel (instrumental plural)
tehénért (causal-final singular)
tehenekért (causal-final plural)
tehénné (singular translative)
tehenekké (plural translative)
tehénig (singular terminative)
tehenekig (plural terminative)
tehénként (essive-formal singular)
tehenekként (essive-formal plural)
tehénben (inessive singular)
tehenekben (inessive plural)
tehénen (singular superessive)
tehenen (singular superessive)
teheneken (plural superessive)
tehénnél (adessive singular)
teheneknél (adessive plural)
tehénbe (illative singular)
tehenekbe (illative plural)
tehénre (singular sublative)
tehenekre (plural sublative)
tehénhez (allative singular)
tehenekhez (allative plural)
tehénből (elative singular)
tehenekből (elative plural)
tehénről (delative singular)
tehenekről (delative plural)
tehéntől (ablative singular)
tehenektől (ablative plural)
tehéné (singular)
teheneké (plural)
tehénéi (singular)
tehenekéi (plural)
tehenem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
teheneim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
tehened (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
teheneid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
tehene (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
tehenei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
tehenünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
teheneink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
tehenetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
teheneitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
tehenük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
teheneik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Of debated origin:
# From an Iranian language, compare Avestan daēnav- ("female animal"), Middle Persian dēnodag ("female; milk"). Cognates with Sanskrit धेनु (dhenú, “cow, milch”).
# From Proto-Uralic *tewä (“elk”).


poultry

en-noun

poultry (usually uncountable, plural poultries)

From Middle English pultrie, from Old French pouleterie, from poulet, diminutive of poule (“hen”), from Latin pullus (“chick”).
For the development of Middle English /u/ to modern /oʊ/, /əʊ/ before /lt/, /ld/, /ln/, compare boult, boulder, colter/coulter, poultice, shoulder, won't.

a poultry farmer

Domestic fowl (e.g. chickens, ducks, turkeys, geese) raised for food (meat, eggs, or both).


boll

en-verb

boll (third-person singular simple present bolls, present participle bolling, simple past and past participle bolled)

bolls (present singular third-person)
bolling (participle present)
bolled (participle past)
bolled (past)

From Middle English bolle (“pod; shell”) and Middle Dutch bolle (“round object”); both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bullô (“round object; bowl”). More at bowl.

inh

The barley was in the ear, and the flax was bolled.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 9:31:

To form a boll or seed vessel; to go to seed.


pony

→ Belarusian: по́ні (póni)

→ Danish: pony

→ Dutch: pony
→ Indonesian: poni

→ Finnish: poni

→ French: poney
→ Romanian: ponei

→ Georgian: პონი (ṗoni)

→ German: Pony
→ Estonian: poni

→ Hungarian: póni

→ Irish: pónaí

→ Italian: pony

→ Japanese: ポニー (ponī)

→ Lithuanian: ponis

→ Maltese: poni

→ Norwegian: ponni

desc

→ Portuguese: pónei, pônei (Brazil), poney

→ Russian: пони (poni)

→ Spanish: poni

→ Swedish: ponny

→ Ukrainian: по́ні (póni)

1659 from Scots powny, apparently from Middle French poulenet (“little foal”), ultimately from Late Latin pullanus (“young of an animal”), from pullus (cognate to English foal). Sense “small serving of alcohol” from 19th century, both for small sizes generally and for a quarter pint specifically, from the small size.

uder

How many ponies are under the hood?

He suggested a Rose Ballet in which he would use the G. V. Follies chorus girls, chiefly the ponies and mediums.

1941, Thoda Cocroft, Great Names and how They are Made, page 140:

(slang, derogatory, video games) Ellipsis of Sony pony.


pony

ponynek (diminutive)
pony (nominative singular)
ponyové (nominative plural)
pony (nominative plural)
ponyho (genitive singular)
ponyů (genitive plural)
ponych (genitive plural)
ponymu (dative singular)
ponyům (dative plural)
ponym (dative plural)
ponyho (accusative singular)
ponye (accusative plural)
pony (accusative plural)
pony (singular vocative)
ponyové (plural vocative)
pony (plural vocative)
ponym (locative singular)
ponyích (locative plural)
ponych (locative plural)
ponym (instrumental singular)
ponyi (instrumental plural)
ponymi (instrumental plural)
poník (alternative)


pony

nl-noun

pony m (plural pony's, diminutive pony'tje n)

pony's (plural)
pony'tje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: poni


pony

pony (nominative singular)
pony (nominative plural)
ponyho (genitive singular)
pony (genitive plural)
ponymu (dative singular)
pony (dative plural)
ponyho (accusative singular)
pony (accusative plural)
ponym (locative singular)
pony (locative plural)
ponym (instrumental singular)
pony (instrumental plural)
poník (alternative)


pony

ponys (plural)
poni (alternative)
póney (alternative)


equestrian

en-adj

equestrian (comparative more equestrian, superlative most equestrian)

more equestrian (comparative)
most equestrian (superlative)

Ultimately from Latin equester (“of or pertaining to equestrians/cavalry”) + -ianus (“-ian, related to”, adjective marker), from equus (“horse”).

der

They were an equestrian people.

After his death an equestrian statue was erected.

The society of colonial Spanish-America was one of the most equestrian in all history, and, to a very great extent, its existence depended on the adaptability of the Old World horse to New World conditions.

1973, Alfred W. Crosby, The Columbian Exchange, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, page 82:

Of horseback riding or horseback riders.

(historical) Of or relating to the ancient Roman class of equites.


equestrian

конник

an equestrian person; one who rides on horseback


cobbler

Fished for cobblers in the evening. The warbler sings its night-song.

1831 November 10, George Fletcher Moore, “The Journey”, in Martin Doyle, editor, Extracts from the Letters and Journals of George Fletcher Moore, Esq. […], London: Orr and Smith, […]; Dublin: W. Curry, Jun. & Co. […], published 1834, →OCLC, page 122:

The South Australian catfish (Cnidoglanis macrocephalus), a species of catfish native to Australia which has dorsal and pectoral fins bearing sharp, venomous spines.

The soldier or South Australian cobbler (Gymnapistes marmoratus), a brown fish native to southern Australian estuaries which is not closely related to Cnidoglanis macrocephalus, but also has venemous spines on its dorsal and pectoral fins.

Also river cobbler: basa (Pangasius bocourti), an edible species of shark catfish native to the Chao Phraya and Mekong river basins in Southeast Asia.

(US) Condica sutor, an owlet moth native to North America.


strapper

From strap + -er, principally strap + -er (agent noun suffix). The sense referring to a poorly producing milk cow (from strap + -er) came from a dialectal sense of the verb strap as a troponym of milk: not even the most skilful milking action could coax enough milk from the udder.

(electronics) A wire that joins two light switches so that a light can be turned off or on from either switch.


poll

Inherited from Old Catalan poll, from Latin pullus.


trotter

From Middle English trottere, equivalent to trot + -er.

The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track. The three returned wondering and charmed with Mrs. Cooke; they were sure she had had no hand in the furnishing of that atrocious house.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 58:

In harness racing, a horse with a gait in which the front and back legs on opposite sides take a step together alternating with the other set of opposite legs; as opposed to a pacer.


fence

en-verb

fence (third-person singular simple present fences, present participle fencing, simple past and past participle fenced)

fences (present singular third-person)
fencing (participle present)
fenced (participle past)
fenced (past)

From Middle English fence, fens, short for defence, defens (“the act of defending”), from Old French defens, defense (see defence).
The sense "enclosure" arises in the mid 15th century.
Also from the 15th century is use as a verb in the sense "to enclose with a fence". The generalized sense "to defend, screen, protect" arises ca. 1500. The sense "to fight with swords (rapiers)" is from the 1590s (Shakespeare).
Displaced native Old English heġe (compare Modern English hedge).

(intransitive, equestrianism) To jump over a fence.


stable

From Middle English stable, borrowed from Anglo-Norman stable, singular derived from the plural Latin stab(u)la (“dwellings, stables”).

close the stable door after the horse has been stolen

close the stable door after the horse has bolted

lock the stable door after the horse has been stolen

lock the stable door after the horse has bolted

shut the stable door after the horse has bolted

There were stalls for fourteen horses in the squire's stables.

We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner. He could not be induced to remain permanently at Mohair because Miss Trevor was at Asquith, but he appropriated a Hempstead cart from the Mohair stables and made the trip sometimes twice in a day.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

A building, wing or dependency set apart and adapted for lodging and feeding (and training) ungulates, especially horses.

حَظِيرَة

building for managing ungulates, normally horses

A group of people who are looked after, mentored, or trained in one place or for a particular purpose or profession.


stable

stable (third-person singular simple present stables, present participle stabling, simple past and past participle stabled)

stables (present singular third-person)
stabling (participle present)
stabled (participle past)
stabled (past)

S.R. Pacific No. 34010 Sidmouth leaves Wembley Central to stable the stock of its excursion from the S.R. at North Wembley; the train was run in connection with a Wembley football event on April 30, 1960.

1960 July, Trains Illustrated, page 385, photo caption:

Great Western Railway has placed its Class 143 Pacer fleet into warm storage, with the majority stabled at Exeter.

2020 April 22, “Fleet News: Passenger operators put parts of fleet into warm storage...”, in Rail, page 25:

(rail transport, transitive) To park (a rail vehicle).


stable

en-adj

stable (comparative stabler or more stable, superlative stablest or most stable)

stabler (comparative)
more stable (comparative)
stablest (superlative)
most stable (superlative)

From Middle English stable, from Anglo-Norman stable, stabel, from Latin stabilis (“firm, steadfast”) (itself from stare (“stand”) + -abilis (“able”)). Displaced native Old English staþolfæst.

You should download the 1.9 version of that video editing software: it is the latest stable version. The newer beta version has some bugs.

(computing) Of software: established to be relatively free of bugs, as opposed to a beta version.