curb

curbs (plural)
kerb (alternative)
kirb (alternative)

From Middle French courbe (“curve, curved object”), from Latin curvus (“bent, crooked, curved”). Doublet of curve.

der

He that before ran in the pastures wild / Felt the stiff curb controul his angry jaws.

1605, Michael Drayton, The Fourth Eclogue:

Captain went out in the cab all the morning. Harry came in after school to feed me and give me water. In the afternoon I was put into the cab. Jerry took as much pains to see if the collar and bridle fitted comfortably, as if he had been John Manly over again. When the crupper was let out a hole or two, it all fitted well. There was no bearing rein—no curb—nothing but a plain ring snaffle. What a blessing that was!

[1877], Anna Sewell, “A London Cab Horse”, in Black Beauty: […], London: Jarrold and Sons, […], →OCLC, part III, page 158:

A riding or driving bit for a horse that has rein action which amplifies the pressure in the mouth by leverage advantage placing pressure on the poll via the crown piece of the bridle and chin groove via a curb chain.


fault

From Middle English faute, faulte, from Anglo-Norman faute, Old French faute, from Vulgar Latin *fallita (“shortcoming”), feminine of *fallitus, in place of Latin falsus, perfect passive participle of fallō (“deceive”). Displaced native Middle English schuld, schuild (“fault”) (from Old English scyld (“fault”)), Middle English lac (“fault, lack”) (from Middle Dutch lak (“lack, fault”)), Middle English last (“fault, vice”) (from Old Norse lǫstr (“fault, vice, crime”)). Compare French faute (“fault, foul”), Portuguese falta (“lack, shortage”) and Spanish falta (“lack, absence”). More at fail, false.

cog

If the horse refuses an obstacle, the rider will receive four faults.

(equestrianism) A penalty point assessed in horseback events such as show jumping.


chuck

(Scotland, obsolete, slang, in the plural) Money.


ocha

ochas (plural)
auca (alternative)
oca (alternative)

From Vulgar Latin auca, contraction of *avica, from Classical Latin avis (“bird”).


habena

la-noun

habēna f (genitive habēnae); first declension

habēna (canonical feminine)
habēnae (genitive)
habēna (nominative singular)
habēnae (nominative plural)
habēnae (genitive singular)
habēnārum (genitive plural)
habēnae (dative singular)
habēnīs (dative plural)
habēnam (accusative singular)
habēnās (accusative plural)
habēnā (ablative singular)
habēnīs (ablative plural)
habēna (singular vocative)
habēnae (plural vocative)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *aβuɨn (see there for further descendants)

… Rēgemque dedit quī foedere certō

And [Jupiter] gave [the winds] a king who by chartered agreement would know how to restrain as well as to give loosened reins [to them], [the king] having been commanded [to do so].
(Jupiter commands King Aeolus who metaphorically can harness the winds much as a charioteer drives horses. See Aeolus (son of Hippotes).)

et premere et laxās scīret dare iussus habēnās.

Hīc rēgum sceptrum dominus tenet

524 CE, Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy 4.1m

Here the lord of kings holds his sceptre, and controls the reins of the world


bumper

Dutch: bumper

Japanese: バンパー (banpā)

Korean: 범퍼 (beompeo)

Russian: ба́мпер (bámper)

(horse racing) In National Hunt racing, a flat race for horses that have not yet competed either in flat racing or over obstacles.


caballo

es-noun

caballo m (plural caballos, feminine yegua, feminine plural yeguas)

caballos (plural)
yegua (feminine)
yeguas (feminine plural)

Chavacano: caballo

Papiamentu: cabai

→ Alcozauca Mixtec: kuái̱

→ Aymara: kawallu

→ Bikol Central: kabayo

→ Cahuilla: kaváayu

→ Cebuano: kabayo

→ Central Huasteca Nahuatl: kauayoj

→ Central Nahuatl: cahuayoh

→ Chamicuro: kawali

→ Chaná: kuayó, cauáio (uncertain)

→ Chol: cawayuʼ

desc

→ Classical Nahuatl: cahuāllo, caballo, cahualloh, cahuayo, cauallo, cavallo

→ Guaraní: kavaju

→ Ilocano: kabalio

→ Ivatan: kabayu

→ Kapampangan: kabayu

→ Lake Miwok: kawáj

→ Mecayapan Nahuatl: cahua̱yoj

→ Mapudungun: kawell, kawellu

→ Maranao: kabayo

→ Mbyá Guaraní: kavaju

→ Nivaclé: cuvôyu

→ O'odham: kaviyu

→ Papantla Totonac: kawayu

→ Paraguayan Guaraní: kavaju

→ Pipil: kāwayu

→ Quechua: kawallu

→ Sayula Popoluca: cawa̱yu

→ Seri: caay

→ Tagalog: kabayo

→ Waray-Waray: kabayo

→ Yatzachi Zapotec: cabey

→ Yosondúa Mixtec: kuayu

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: cabayw

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

Inherited from Late Latin caballus (“horse”), from Latin caballus (“pack horse”), of disputed origin. Compare Portuguese cavalo.

inh+

a caballo regalado no le mires el diente


villa

villa (nominative singular)
villat (nominative plural)
villan (genitive singular)
villoin (genitive plural)
villaa (partitive singular)
villoja (partitive plural)
villaa (illative singular)
villoi (illative plural)
villaas (inessive singular)
villois (inessive plural)
villast (elative singular)
villoist (elative plural)
villalle (allative singular)
villoille (allative plural)
villaal (adessive singular)
villoil (adessive plural)
villalt (ablative singular)
villoilt (ablative plural)
villaks (singular translative)
villoiks (plural translative)
villanna (essive singular)
villaan (essive singular)
villoinna (essive plural)
villoin (essive plural)
villant (exessive singular)
villoint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *villa. Cognates include Finnish villa and Estonian vill.


officer

officers (plural)
offecer (alternative)
officeer (alternative)
officeere (alternative)
officere (alternative)
officiare (alternative)
officier (alternative)
offiser (alternative)
offycer (alternative)
offycere (alternative)
offyseer (alternative)
oficer (alternative)

English: officer

Scots: offisher

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman officer, officier, from Latin officiārius; equivalent to office + -er.

A hireling or subordinate; one employed to serve, especially at an estate.

An official or officeholder; the holder of a prominent office or position.

A municipal, local or societal official or officeholder.

A religious or ecclesiastical official or officeholder.

(religion) A deputy or subordinate of the forces of good or evil.

(rare) One who supervises or organises jousting.


agneau

Inherited from Old French agnel, aignel, agniau, from Latin agnellus (according to the TLFi, an early borrowing), diminutive of agnus.

innocent comme l’agneau qui vient de naître


agnelle

Inherited from Old French, from Latin agnella, possibly borrowed.


lehm

lehma (genitive)
lehma (partitive)
lehm (nominative singular)
lehmad (nominative plural)
lehm (accusative nominative singular)
lehmad (accusative nominative plural)
lehma (accusative genitive singular)
lehmad (accusative genitive plural)
lehma (genitive singular)
lehmade (genitive plural)
lehma (partitive singular)
lehmi (partitive plural)
lehmasid (partitive plural)
lehma (illative singular)
lehmasse (illative singular)
lehmadesse (illative plural)
lehmisse (illative plural)
lehmas (inessive singular)
lehmades (inessive plural)
lehmis (inessive plural)
lehmast (elative singular)
lehmadest (elative plural)
lehmist (elative plural)
lehmale (allative singular)
lehmadele (allative plural)
lehmile (allative plural)
lehmal (adessive singular)
lehmadel (adessive plural)
lehmil (adessive plural)
lehmalt (ablative singular)
lehmadelt (ablative plural)
lehmilt (ablative plural)
lehmaks (singular translative)
lehmadeks (plural translative)
lehmiks (plural translative)
lehmani (singular terminative)
lehmadeni (plural terminative)
lehmana (essive singular)
lehmadena (essive plural)
lehmata (abessive singular)
lehmadeta (abessive plural)
lehmaga (comitative singular)
lehmadega (comitative plural)

Bos primigenius taurus
Bos primigenius taurus#Translingual


Berkshire

From Middle English Barrokschire, Berchesire, Barrokshyre, Berrucsire, from Old English Bearrocscire, Berrocscire, Bearrucscire, taken from the Bearroc woods, possibly from Proto-Brythonic *barrọg, perhaps meaning “hilly” (compare *barros (“hill, peak, top”)) + Old English sċīr (“shire, county”).

Berkshire
Berkshire (disambiguation)#Other places
Berkshire pig

Fairfield County
Fairfield County#English

A community of Sandy Hook, Newtown, Fairfield County, Connecticut.

A place in the United States:
A town in Tioga County, New York.

An unincorporated community and township in Delaware County, Ohio.

A place in the United States:
A town in Franklin County, Vermont.


Shropshire

/ˈʃɹɒp.ʃə(ɹ)/

From Old English Sċrobbesbyriġscīr, from Sċrobbesburh (“Shrewsbury”) + sċīr (“shire”).

Telford and Wrekin
Telford and Wrekin#English

Shropshire Council, a local government unitary authority which replaced the county council in 2009 in all of Shropshire except Telford and Wrekin.


Sussex

en-proper noun

Sussex (countable and uncountable, plural Sussexes)

Inherited from Old English Sūþseaxan (literally “South Saxons”), which stood for both Sussex and its people.
The town in New Brunswick may have been named after Sussex, New Jersey. The civil parish is named after the town.

inh+

A civil parish of Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada.


shank

From Middle English schanke, from Old English sċanca (“leg”), from Proto-West Germanic *skankō, from Proto-Germanic *skankô (compare West Frisian skonk, Dutch schenkel, Low German Schanke, German Schenkel (“shank, leg”), Danish skank, Norwegian skank, Swedish skänkel), from *skankaz (compare Old Norse skakkr (“wry, crooked”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng- (compare Middle Irish scingim (“I spring”), Ancient Greek σκάζω (skázō, “to limp”).

The metal part on a curb bit that falls below the mouthpiece, which length controls the severity of the leverage action of the bit, and to which the reins of the bridle are attached.

The end or remainder, particularly of a period of time.

the shank of the morning

AMANDA: Going now? You're joking! Why, it's only the shank of the evening, Mr. O’Connor!

1945, Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie, page 92:

The main part or beginning of a period of time.


raga

rȁga (canonical feminine)
ра̏га (Cyrillic)
raga (nominative singular)
rage (nominative plural)
rage (genitive singular)
raga (genitive plural)
ragi (dative singular)
ragama (dative plural)
ragu (accusative singular)
rage (accusative plural)
rago (singular vocative)
rage (plural vocative)
ragi (locative singular)
ragama (locative plural)
ragom (instrumental singular)
ragama (instrumental plural)


gula

gularz (masculine)
gula (nominative singular)
gule (nominative plural)
guli (genitive singular)
guli (genitive plural)
gul (genitive plural)
guli (dative singular)
gulom (dative plural)
gulę (accusative singular)
gule (accusative plural)
gulą (instrumental singular)
gulami (instrumental plural)
guli (locative singular)
gulach (locative plural)
gulo (singular vocative)
gule (plural vocative)

Alternative form: guła


anatine

en-adj

anatine (comparative more anatine, superlative most anatine)

more anatine (comparative)
most anatine (superlative)

From Latin anatīnus, from anas, anatis (“a duck”) + -inus (“-ine”).

(zoology) Being of the family Anatidae, comprising the swans, geese, and ducks.


coch

cy-adj

coch (feminine singular coch, plural cochion, equative coched, comparative cochach, superlative cochaf)

coch (feminine singular)
cochion (plural)
coched (equative)
cochach (comparative)
cochaf (superlative)
coch
goch (soft)
nghoch
choch

From Middle Welsh coch, from Proto-Brythonic *kox, borrowed from Latin coccum (“scarlet berry”), from Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos, “berry”). Cognate with Cornish kogh (“scarlet”).

1973, Robat Gruffudd, Englynion Coch [Dirty Poems]:


retina

la-noun

retina f (genitive retinae); first declension

retinae (genitive)
retina (nominative singular)
retinae (nominative plural)
retinae (genitive singular)
retinārum (genitive plural)
retinae (dative singular)
retinīs (dative plural)
retinam (accusative singular)
retinās (accusative plural)
retinā (ablative singular)
retinīs (ablative plural)
retina (singular vocative)
retinae (plural vocative)

Italo-Romance:

Old Italian: redina (plural redine)

⇒ Italian: redine (new singular)

Tuscan: redola (Lucca)

Neapolitan: rétena

Sicilian: rètina

→ Byzantine Greek: ρέτενα (rétena)

North Italian: (sometimes blended with briglia)

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: redna

Ligurian: rédena

Lombard: rèdena, redna

Piedmontese: rëdna, rënna

Ladin: remni (pl.) ⇒ breni

Friulian: rèdine ⇒ brene

Romansch: regna

Venetan: redena ⇒ brena

Gallo-Romance:

desctree

Old French: resne, redne (archaic), reyne, raine, raigne, raisne, reine, resine, renne
French: rêne
→ English: rein

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: regna

Occitan: retna

Ibero-Romance:

Old Galician-Portuguese: redẽa

Galician: rédea

Portuguese: rédea

Old Spanish: rienda

Spanish: rienda
→? Galician: renda
→ Tagalog: renda

Generally explained as a deverbal of retineō (“hold back”). Alternatively, derived from retinācula ("reins" - far more common than the singular retināculum), reinterpreted as a feminine diminutive and back-formed into retina. Attested in the Glossarium Ansileubi, which was written between 650 and 800 CE.

Apprehensaque equi Retina, celeriter eum Beneventum ducebat

10th century, anonymous, Chronicon Salernitanum 68, (example from DuCange)

Having seized the horse's rein(s), he quickly rode it to Benevento.

rein (strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit, used to control an animal)


vault

Borrowed from Middle French volter (“to turn or spin around; to frolic”), borrowed from Italian voltare, itself from a Vulgar Latin frequentative form of Latin volvere; later assimilated to Etymology 1, above.

bor

(equestrianism) Synonym of volte: a circular movement by the horse.


porker

From pork + -er.
* (obese person; police officer): Carried over from the same senses of pig.
* (a lie): Extension of the rhyming slang pork pie.


bov

From Latin bōs, bovem, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōws.


maverick

Named after Texan lawyer and politician Samuel Maverick (1803–1870), who refused to brand his cattle. For probable origin and meaning, see Maverick.
The poker noun sense (“a queen and a jack as a starting hand in Texas hold 'em”) may be from the theme song of the US Western television series Maverick (1957–1962), which says of the eponymous protagonist that “[g]amblin’ is his game” and that he is “livin’ on jacks and queens”.

named-after

They had been working for and with each other for a very long period and their tolerance for “mavericks” was very high, especially if these mavericks continued to get promoted.

2013, John T. Kuehn, “The Navy, Treaties, and Innovation”, in Agents of Innovation: The General Board and the Design of the Fleet that Defeated the Japanese Navy, Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, →ISBN, page 9:

(military) A person in the military who became an officer by going to college while on active duty as an enlisted person.


lamp

cim-noun

lamp n (plural lémper, diminutive lèmple)

From Middle High German lamp, from Old High German lamb, from Proto-Germanic *lambaz. Cognate with German Lamm, Dutch lam, English lamb, Icelandic lamb.


abur

abúr (canonical masculine)
abuuritté (feminine plural)
abúr (absolutive)
abúuru (predicative)
abúr (subjective)
abúr (genitive)
abúurul (l-case)
abúuruk (k-case)
abúurut (t-case)
abúuruh (h-case)


mânz

ro-noun

mânz m (plural mânji, feminine equivalent mânză)

mânji (plural)
equivalent mânză (feminine)
mânz (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mânzul (accusative definite nominative singular)
mânji (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mânjii (accusative definite nominative plural)
mânz (indefinite singular)
mânzului (definite singular)
mânji (indefinite singular)
mânjilor (definite plural)
mânzule (singular vocative)
mânjilor (vocative)
mînz (alternative)

Origin disputed.
* Compare Aromanian mãndzu, Megleno-Romanian mǫndz; possibly from or related and cognate to Albanian (Gheg) mâz (compare standard mëz and Old Albanian manz) through the substratum, or of Illyrian origin.
* Compare the Thracian word mezenai (“horse”) and Messapic Menzana, a horse deity.
* Compare also Italian manzo, Latin mannus and Gaulish manduos, probably ultimately from the same source.


mânzare

mânzări (plural)
mânzare (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mânzarea (accusative definite nominative singular)
mânzări (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mânzările (accusative definite nominative plural)
mânzări (indefinite singular)
mânzării (definite singular)
mânzărilor (definite plural)

Probably a substratum word, compare mânz.


murg

ro-adj

murg m or n (feminine singular murgă, masculine plural murgi, feminine and neuter plural murge)

murgă (feminine singular)
murgi (masculine plural)
murge (feminine neuter plural)
murg (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
murgă (feminine indefinite singular)
murgi (indefinite masculine singular)
murge (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
murgul (definite masculine neuter singular)
murga (definite feminine singular)
murgii (definite masculine singular)
murgele (definite feminine neuter plural)
murge (feminine indefinite singular)
murgului (definite masculine neuter singular)
murgei (definite feminine singular)
murgilor (definite masculine singular)
murgelor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Unknown. Probably from Paleo-Balkan, akin to Albanian murgash. The word seems to also coincide with several similar words in nearby Slavic languages, such as Bulgarian мургав (murgav), but the relation between them is unclear. Other less probable theories have included a Greek root *μουρικος, perhaps through a Latin intermediate *moricus, instead of morulus, or a Greek root ἀμόργη ("remains of olives") through Latin amurca. However, the fact that it is present in the other Eastern Romance languages such as Aromanian murgu and Megleno-Romanian murg, and is paired with an initial a to form the related word amurg, seems to indicate it is probably an older and inherited word of some kind (compare acasă, afund, aminte), rather than a later Slavic borrowing. Nonetheless, the exact source is as yet uncertain.


rață

ro-noun

rață f (plural rațe, masculine equivalent rățoi)

rațe (plural)
equivalent rățoi (masculine)
rață (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
rața (accusative definite nominative singular)
rațe (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
rațele (accusative definite nominative plural)
rațe (indefinite singular)
raței (definite singular)
rațelor (definite plural)
rață (singular vocative)
rațo (singular vocative)
rațelor (vocative)

Definite origin uncertain. Possibly a substrate word, akin to Albanian rosë (< *ratsa?), or from South Slavic (compare Serbo-Croatian and Slovene raca, Serbian dialect race, Bulgarian ряца (rjaca)); compare also Friulian raze, Occitan rit, Hungarian réce, Romani ratsoy.


țap

țapi (plural)
țap (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
țapul (accusative definite nominative singular)
țapi (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
țapii (accusative definite nominative plural)
țap (indefinite singular)
țapului (definite singular)
țapi (indefinite singular)
țapilor (definite plural)
țapule (singular vocative)
țapilor (vocative)

Possibly borrowed from Old Church Slavonic цапъ (capŭ), from Proto-Slavic *capъ, from Gothic [Term?], from Latin caper, making it a doublet of capră. Also akin to or derived from Albanian cjap. Compare Aromanian tsap, Megleno-Romanian țap, Italian zappo.
Alternately, it may have been borrowed directly from Gothic [Term?], from which the dialectal Italian zappo was also derived.


anaso

eo-head

anaso (accusative singular anason, plural anasoj, accusative plural anasojn)

anason (accusative singular)
anasoj (plural)
anasojn (accusative plural)

From Latin anas. Compare Italian anatra.

Holonym: anasaro

Meronym: anasaĵo


apro

apro (accusative singular apron, plural aproj, accusative plural aprojn)

apron (accusative singular)
aproj (plural)
aprojn (accusative plural)


bovo

bovo (accusative singular bovon, plural bovoj, accusative plural bovojn)

bovon (accusative singular)
bovoj (plural)
bovojn (accusative plural)

From Latin bōs, bovis, Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōws.

Kiom da bovoj la ranĉisto forvendos?

How many cattle will the rancher sell off?

a head of cattle (a cow, bull, steer, etc.) (archaic English neat).


bovo

Borrowed from Esperanto bovo, Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), English beef, French boeuf, Italian bove, Spanish buey, from Latin bōs, bovis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōws.


brido

Borrowed from Esperanto brido, English bridle, French bride, Italian briglia, Spanish brida, of Germanic origins.


squeal

Inherited from Middle English squelen, probably from Old Norse skvala (“to squeal, bawl”), from Proto-Germanic *skwel- (“to chatter, babble, scream”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *skel-, from *kelh₁- (“to ring, resound, cry”). Compare Old Norse skval (“a squeal”, noun), Swedish skvallra (“to babble, chatter, tell on”).

cog

A high-pitched sound, such as the scream of a child or a female person, or noisy worn-down brake pads.


wigwam

Borrowed from Abenaki wigwôm (“house”) or Penobscot wigwom (“house”), from Proto-Algonquian *wi·kiwa·ʔmi (“house”). Doublet of wickiup.

A dwelling having an arched framework overlaid with bark, hides, or mats, used by Native Americans in the northeastern United States.


bubalo

eo-head

bubalo (accusative singular bubalon, plural bubaloj, accusative plural bubalojn)

bubalon (accusative singular)
bubaloj (plural)
bubalojn (accusative plural)

Borrowed from Latin būbalus, from Ancient Greek βούβᾰλος (boúbălos, “antelope, wild ox”). Compare Spanish búbalo, Italian bufalo, French buffle, German Büffel, Polish bawół, Russian бу́йвол (bújvol), as well as Irish buabhall, Modern Greek βουβάλι (vouváli), Romanian bivol, Latvian bifelis.


ĉamo

eo-head

ĉamo (accusative singular ĉamon, plural ĉamoj, accusative plural ĉamojn)

ĉamon (accusative singular)
ĉamoj (plural)
ĉamojn (accusative plural)

Rupicapra rupicapra
Rupicapra rupicapra#Translingual


ĉevalo

ĉevalo (accusative singular ĉevalon, plural ĉevaloj, accusative plural ĉevalojn)

ĉevalon (accusative singular)
ĉevaloj (plural)
ĉevalojn (accusative plural)
chevalo (alternative)
cxevalo (alternative)


fetlock

fetlocks (plural)
fetterlock (alternative)
fewterlock (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fetlock.wav

From Middle English fitlokes, feetlakkes pl, equivalent to foot + lock (“tuft of hair”). Cognate with Middle Low German fitlok, fitlock (“fetlock”), Dutch vitlok, vittelokke, vitslok, German Fissloch, Fisloch, Fislach (“fetlock; pastern”).

The tuft of hair that grows at this joint.


stifle

The verb is derived from Late Middle English stuflen (“to have difficulty breathing due to heat, stifle; to suffocate by drowning, drown”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain, perhaps from stuffen (“to kill by suffocation; to stifle from heat; to extinguish, suppress (body heat, breath, humour, etc.); to deprive a plant of the conditions necessary for growth, choke”) + -el- (derivational infix in verbs, often denoting diminutive, intensive, or repetitive actions or events). Stuffen is derived from Old French estofer, estouffer (“to choke, strangle, suffocate; (figuratively) to inhibit, prevent”) [and other forms] (modern French étouffer), a variant of estoper, estuper (“to block, plug, stop up; to stiffen, thicken”) (modern French étouper (“to caulk”)), influenced by estofer (“to pad, stuff; to upholster”) (modern French étoffer). Estoper is derived from Vulgar Latin *stuppāre, from Latin stuppa (“coarse flax, tow”) (as a stuffing material; from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē) (compare στυππεῖον (stuppeîon)); probably from Pre-Greek) + -āre. According to the Oxford English Dictionary a derivation from Old Norse stífla (“to dam; to choke, stop up”) “appears untenable on the ground both of form and sense”.
The noun is derived from the verb.

noncog

(rare) An act or state of being stifled.


min

minen (singulative)
mìn (alternative)
mynn (alternative)


heifer

Inherited from Middle English heyfre, hayfre, heyfer, from Old English hēahfore, hēahfru, of disputed origin; see the Old English entry for more discussion.

And the Lord ſpake vnto Moſes and vnto Aaron, ſaying, This is the ordinance of the Law, which the Lord hath commaunded, ſaying, Speak vnto the childꝛen of Iſrael, that they bꝛing thee a red heifer without ſpot, wherein is no blemiſh, and vpon which neuer came yoke.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 19:1–2:

We muſt be neat; not neat, but cleanly, Captaine: / And yet the Steere, the Heycfer^([sic]), and the Calfe, / Are all call'd Neat.

c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 278:

The breath of the mountain heifer was fragrant as the gales of Sirendiep, by feeding on ſpicy herbs.

1769, Firishta, translated by Alexander Dow, Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi, volume I, Dublin: P. and W. Wilson et al., page iv:

A young female cow, (particularly) one over one year old but which has not calved.


forger

forger (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
forgeant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
forgé (participle past)
forge (first-person indicative present singular)
forges (indicative present second-person singular)
forge (indicative present singular third-person)
forgeons (first-person indicative plural present)
forgez (indicative plural present second-person)
forgent (indicative plural present third-person)
forgeais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
forgeais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
forgeait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
forgions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
forgiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
forgeaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
forgeai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
forgeas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
forgea (historic indicative past singular third-person)
forgeâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
forgeâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
forgèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
forgerai (first-person future indicative singular)
forgeras (future indicative second-person singular)
forgera (future indicative singular third-person)
forgerons (first-person future indicative plural)
forgerez (future indicative plural second-person)
forgeront (future indicative plural third-person)
forgerais (conditional first-person singular)
forgerais (conditional second-person singular)
forgerait (conditional singular third-person)
forgerions (conditional first-person plural)
forgeriez (conditional plural second-person)
forgeraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
forge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
forges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
forge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
forgions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
forgiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
forgent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
forgeasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
forgeasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
forgeât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
forgeassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
forgeassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
forgeassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
forge (imperative second-person singular)
forgeons (first-person imperative plural)
forgez (imperative plural second-person)

Inherited from Old French forger, forgier, from Latin fabricāre. Doublet of fabriquer.

c’est en forgeant qu’on devient forgeron


gill

From Middle English gille, gylle (“gill”), of North Germanic origin, akin to Danish gælle, Swedish gäl, Norwegian gjelle, and further to Old Norse gjǫlnar (“lips”), which also may have had the meaning of "gills" (based on Old Danish fiskegæln (“gills”)). The Old Norse word has been suggested as deriving from Proto-Germanic *gelunō (“jaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel-, which would make it root-cognate to Ancient Greek χελύνη (khelúnē, “lip, jaw”), χεῖλος (kheîlos, “lip”).
Displaced native Old English ċīe.

cog

Gill nets are designed to catch a fish by the gills.

(spinning) One of the combs of closely ranged steel pins which divide the ribbons of flax fiber or wool into fewer parallel filaments.


gill

From Middle English gille, from Old French gille (“a wine measure”), from Medieval Latin gillo (“earthenware jar”).

der

(archaic, British) A measuring jug holding a quarter or half a pint.

(dated, US) A unit of measure equal to 4 US fluid ounces (half a cup, a quarter of a US pint), approximately 118 milliliters.


moz

head

moz (Sawndip forms 𭷱 or 磨 or 𬌫 or 獏, 1957–1982 spelling moƨ)

𭷱 (Sawndip)
磨 (Sawndip)
𬌫 (Sawndip)
獏 (Sawndip)


mouton

Haitian Creole: mouton

Louisiana Creole: mouton

Seychellois Creole: mouton

→ English: mouton

>? Galician: motóa

Inherited from Middle French mouton, from Old French mouton, from Vulgar Latin moltō, from Gaulish *multon-, from Proto-Celtic *moltos.

(figuratively) lemming, sheep (someone who follows a crowd and succumbs to groupthink)


mouton

From French mouton (“sheep”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *moltos.


mouton

faib comme ein mouton

troup mouton

Mouton-la ap bele. Li pa konen trouve so moman.

1998, Albert Valdman, “mouton”, in Albert Valdman, Kevin J. Rottet, Margaret M. Marshall, Thomas A. Klingler, editors, Dictionary of Louisiana Creole, Indiana University Press, →ISBN, page 319:

The sheep is bleating. It can't find its mother.

dite mouton

sheep tea, medicinal tea used for a fever


mouton

desctree

French: mouton
Haitian Creole: mouton
Louisiana Creole: mouton
Seychellois Creole: mouton
→ English: mouton
>? Galician: motóa

From Old French mouton, Vulgar Latin moltō, from Gaulish *multon-, from Proto-Celtic *moltos.


mouton

fro-noun

mouton oblique singular, m (oblique plural moutons, nominative singular moutons, nominative plural mouton)

mouton oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
moutons (oblique plural)
moutons (nominative singular)
mouton (nominative plural)
moton (alternative)
multon (alternative)
multum (alternative)
mutun (alternative)
multun (alternative)

desctree

Middle French: mouton
French: mouton
Haitian Creole: mouton
Louisiana Creole: mouton
Seychellois Creole: mouton
→ English: mouton
>? Galician: motóa

Norman: mouton

Walloon: moton

→ Middle English: motoun, moton, motun, moten, mutoun, motone, mutton, motton, motene
English: mutton
Scots: mutton
Yola: muthon, mothoon

From Vulgar Latin moltō, from Gaulish *multon-, from Proto-Celtic *moltos.


mouton

From French mouton, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *moltos.


bummer

From bum (“make unhappy”) + -er (agent noun suffix), originally US drug slang.

af

This young man never had a bummer in some 33 LSD trips. Every one of the them was a delight—everything under control. He needed only to snap his fingers, and down he came, anytime. But on Voyage 34, he finally met himself coming down an up staircase, and the encounter was crushing.

2000, “Phase I”, in Voyage 34: The Complete Trip, performed by Porcupine Tree:

(slang, dated, drug use) A psychedelic crisis; hallucinogenic drug use producing undesirable dysphoric psychological effects, most often fear, paranoia, and especially horrifying hallucinations; a bad trip.


pommel

From Middle English pomel, from Old French pomel and Medieval Latin pomellum, pumellum, presumedly via Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”), the diminutive of Late Latin pōmum (“apple”). Compare French pommeau and Spanish pomo.

The player, armed with a pommel, stands from two to three feet from the spell, places a knur in the cup which is held down by the rack.

1871, Edmund Routledge, Routledge's Every Boy's Annual:

The commonest method of playing the game, by the smaller boys of the village, was with a "sendstick," or pommel, and a wooden spell with a hole in one end to place the knur, which, when struck "tip-cat" like at the other end, threw the knur up to be struck at.

1886, William Smith, Morley: Ancient and Modern:

Next, the spring of the spell, at the end of which is a small brass cup to hold the knur, is adjusted by thumbscrews, so that when released by a touch of the pommel on the trigger, it will toss the knur a distance of six feet forward.

1911, The Encyclopaedia of sport & games, volume 3:

(sports, obsolete) The bat used in the game of knurr and spell or trap ball.


twitch

en-noun

twitch (countable and uncountable, plural twitches)

From Middle English twicchen, from Old English *twiċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *twikkijan (“to nail, pin, fasten, clasp, pinch”).
Cognate with English tweak, Low German twikken, German Low German twicken (“to pinch, pinch off”), zweckōn and gizwickan (> German zwicken (“to pinch”)).

cog

THE TWITCH is a short stick of strong ash, about the size of a mopstick, with a hole pierced near the end, through which is passed a piece of strong but small cord, and tied in a loop large enough to admit the open hand freely.

1861, John Henry Walsh, The Horse in the Stable and in the Field:

(farriery) A stick with a hole in one end through which passes a loop, which can be drawn tightly over the upper lip or an ear of a horse and twisted to keep the animal quiet during minor surgery.


closer

From Middle English closere, equivalent to close (verb) + -er.

(horse racing) A horse that performs best toward the end of a race.


Chue

head

Chue f (plural Chüe, diminutive Chueli or Chüeli)

Chüe (plural)
Chueli (diminutive)
Chüeli (diminutive)
Chuä (alternative)
Chua (alternative)

From Middle High German kuo, from Old High German kuo, from Proto-West Germanic *kō.

Müetterli, se b'halt Di Chue, / Will Der au Di Büeßli ge.

1826, Hoffmann von Fallersleben, Alemannische Lieder:

di chue hed es groß bitsi und churz tilje (diese kuh hat ein großes euter und kurze zizen)

1842, Albert Schott, Die deutschen Colonien in Piemont:

the cow has a large udder and short teats

(in Standard German: die letzte Kuh macht die Türe zu — the last cow shuts the door)

1983, Paul Portmann, Di Letschti Chue tuet's Törli zue: schweizerdeutsche Sprichwörter, Huber:


pigsty

Coordinate term: (sometimes synonymous) hoghouse

The lower pasture also contains a pigsty.

An enclosure where pigs are kept, either a building or part of one.


zorse

The offspring of a male zebra and a female horse.


whim

en-noun

whim (countable and uncountable, plural whims)

Let ev’ry Man enjoy his whim; / What’s He to Me, or I to him?

1763, Charles Churchill, The Ghost, book IV, J. Coote, →OCLC, page 137:

The king was tired of this whim of hers long ago, and thought she ought to get married like other people; there was nothing she need wait for, she was old enough and she would not be any richer either, for she was to have half the kingdom, which she inherited after her mother.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 269:

“You’re either with me or you’re against me” became Dany’s credo, and those against her were an ever-changing multitude to be determined solely by her whims.

2019 May 19, Alex McLevy, “The final Game Of Thrones brings a pensive but simple meditation about stories (newbies)”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 2019-05-22:

A fanciful impulse, or sudden change of idea.

(mining) A large capstan or vertical drum turned by horse power or steam power, for raising ore or water, etc., from mines, or for other purposes


whim

en-verb

whim (third-person singular simple present whims, present participle whimming, simple past and past participle whimmed)

whims (present singular third-person)
whimming (participle present)
whimmed (participle past)
whimmed (past)

(rare, intransitive) To be seized with a whim; to be capricious.


steeplechase

Compound of steeple + chase, from horse races in 18th century Ireland in which orientation of the course was by reference to a church steeple.

(chiefly British, equestrianism) A horse race, either across open country, or over an obstacle course.


steeplechase

steeplechase (indefinite nominative singular)
steeplechases (genitive indefinite singular)
steeplechasen (definite nominative singular)
steeplechasens (definite genitive singular)
steeplechaser (indefinite nominative plural)
steeplechasers (genitive indefinite plural)
steeplechaserna (definite nominative plural)
steeplechasernas (definite genitive plural)


Grand National

The premier steeplechase (horse race over fences) in the United Kingdom


anatinus

la-adj

anatīnus (feminine anatīna, neuter anatīnum); first/second-declension adjective

anatīnus (canonical)
anatīna (feminine)
anatīnum (neuter)
anatīnus (masculine nominative singular)
anatīna (feminine nominative singular)
anatīnum (neuter nominative singular)
anatīnī (masculine nominative singular)
anatīnae (feminine nominative plural)
anatīna (neuter nominative plural)
anatīnī (genitive masculine singular)
anatīnae (feminine genitive singular)
anatīnī (genitive neuter singular)
anatīnōrum (genitive masculine singular)
anatīnārum (feminine genitive plural)
anatīnōrum (genitive neuter plural)
anatīnō (dative masculine singular)
anatīnae (dative feminine singular)
anatīnō (dative neuter singular)
anatīnīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
anatīnum (accusative masculine singular)
anatīnam (accusative feminine singular)
anatīnum (accusative neuter singular)
anatīnōs (accusative masculine singular)
anatīnās (accusative feminine plural)
anatīna (accusative neuter plural)
anatīnō (ablative masculine singular)
anatīnā (ablative feminine singular)
anatīnō (ablative neuter singular)
anatīnīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
anatīne (masculine singular vocative)
anatīna (feminine singular vocative)
anatīnum (neuter singular vocative)
anatīnī (masculine singular vocative)
anatīnae (feminine plural vocative)
anatīna (neuter plural vocative)

English: anatine

[änäˈt̪iːnʊs̠]


killing

killingen (definite singular)
killinger (indefinite plural)
killingene (definite plural)


killing

killingen (definite singular)
killingar (indefinite plural)
killingane (definite plural)


torc

head

torc m (genitive singular toirc, nominative plural toirc)

toirc (genitive singular)
toirc (nominative plural)

From Old Irish torc¹, from Proto-Celtic *tworkos (“boar”).

torcán

little, young, boar; small corpulent person


torc

torc (nominative singular)
torc (dual nominative)
tuirc (nominative plural)
tuirc (singular vocative)
torc (dual vocative)
turcu (plural vocative)
torc (accusative singular)
torc (accusative dual)
turcu (accusative plural)
tuirc (genitive singular)
torc (dual genitive)
torc (genitive plural)
turc (dative singular)
torcaib (dative dual)
torcaib (dative plural)
torc
thorc
torc

Irish: torc


torc

torc m (genitive singular tuirc, plural tuirc)

tuirc (genitive singular)
tuirc (plural)
torc
thorc


souped-up

en-adj

souped-up (comparative more souped-up, superlative most souped-up)

more souped-up (comparative)
most souped-up (superlative)
souped (alternative)
souped up (alternative)
suped-up (alternative)

Uncertain; the fact that the earlier senses seem to be the horse racing cant and United States Navy slang ones suggests a derivation from soup (“liquid food item”), connoting a horse or a person being filled with a liquid.
Alternatively, it has been suggested that the term is a modified clipping of supe(r), with reference to an aeroplane or automobile engine being supercharged: see, for example, the 1925 quotation. This sense appears to post-date the horse-racing and navy slang senses.

(horse racing, cant) Of a racehorse: injected with a substance to make it run faster or to change its temperament.

napumpan

of a racehorse: injected with a substance to make it run faster


gelding

From Middle English geldyng (“eunuch”), from Old Norse geldingr (“wether, eunuch”), from gelda (“to castrate”). By surface analysis, geld (“to castrate”) + -ing (diminutive suffix).


porcinus

la-adj

porcīnus (feminine porcīna, neuter porcīnum); first/second-declension adjective

porcīnus (canonical)
porcīna (feminine)
porcīnum (neuter)
porcīnus (masculine nominative singular)
porcīna (feminine nominative singular)
porcīnum (neuter nominative singular)
porcīnī (masculine nominative singular)
porcīnae (feminine nominative plural)
porcīna (neuter nominative plural)
porcīnī (genitive masculine singular)
porcīnae (feminine genitive singular)
porcīnī (genitive neuter singular)
porcīnōrum (genitive masculine singular)
porcīnārum (feminine genitive plural)
porcīnōrum (genitive neuter plural)
porcīnō (dative masculine singular)
porcīnae (dative feminine singular)
porcīnō (dative neuter singular)
porcīnīs (dative feminine masculine neuter)
porcīnum (accusative masculine singular)
porcīnam (accusative feminine singular)
porcīnum (accusative neuter singular)
porcīnōs (accusative masculine singular)
porcīnās (accusative feminine plural)
porcīna (accusative neuter plural)
porcīnō (ablative masculine singular)
porcīnā (ablative feminine singular)
porcīnō (ablative neuter singular)
porcīnīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter)
porcīne (masculine singular vocative)
porcīna (feminine singular vocative)
porcīnum (neuter singular vocative)
porcīnī (masculine singular vocative)
porcīnae (feminine plural vocative)
porcīna (neuter plural vocative)

Catalan: porcí

English: porcine

French: porcin

Italian: porcino

Portuguese: porcino

Romanian: porcin

Spanish: porcino


pullet

From Middle English polet, pulet, from Anglo-Norman pullet, Old French poulet (“young chicken”); polette (“young hen”), from poule (“hen”). Doublet of poult. Compare also Middle English pulle.


whinny

From Middle English whynyen, whinien, akin to Middle English whinen (“to whine”).

Coordinate term: (sometimes synonymous) nicker

And moving out they found the stately horse, / Who now no more a vassal to the thief, / But free to stretch his limbs in lawful fight, / Neigh'd with all gladness as they came, and stoop'd / With a low whinny toward the pair: […]

1859, Alfred Tennyson, “Enid”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 85–86:


whinny

en-verb

whinny (third-person singular simple present whinnies, present participle whinnying, simple past and past participle whinnied)

whinnies (present singular third-person)
whinnying (participle present)
whinnied (participle past)
whinnied (past)
whinney (alternative)

Cattle lowed here and there, and horses whinnied to be fed.

1904 May, Winston Churchill, The Crossing, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, book I (The Borderland), page 240:

A pony whinnied a short distance from the hut.

1914 October – 1916 July, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter XIII, in The Mucker, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., published 31 October 1921, →OCLC:

[John Gray] whinnies like a donnish Houyhnhnm[.]

2014 January 28, Will Self, “John Gray: Forget everything you know”, in Independent, retrieved 2021-03-03:

(transitive, intransitive, of a horse) To make a gentle neigh.


liath

head

liath (present analytic liathann, future analytic liathfaidh, verbal noun liathadh, past participle liata)

liathann (analytic present)
liathfaidh (analytic future)
liathadh (noun-from-verb)
liata (participle past)
liathadh (noun-from-verb)
liata (participle past)
liathaim (first-person indicative present singular)
liathann tú (indicative present second-person singular)
liathair (indicative present second-person singular)
liathann sé (indicative present singular third-person)
sí (indicative present singular third-person)
liathaimid (first-person indicative plural present)
liathann sibh (indicative plural present second-person)
liathann siad (indicative plural present third-person)
liathaid (indicative plural present third-person)
a liathann (indicative present relative)
a liathas (indicative present relative)
liatar (autonomous indicative present)
liath mé (first-person indicative past singular)
liathas (first-person indicative past singular)
liath tú (indicative past second-person singular)
liathais (indicative past second-person singular)
liath sé (indicative past singular third-person)
sí (indicative past singular third-person)
liathamar (first-person indicative past plural)
liath muid (first-person indicative past plural)
liath sibh (indicative past plural second-person)
liathabhair (indicative past plural second-person)
liath siad (indicative past plural third-person)
liathadar (indicative past plural third-person)
a liath (indicative past relative)
ar liath (indicative past relative)
liathadh (autonomous indicative past)
liathainn (first-person habitual indicative past singular)
liatá (habitual indicative past second-person singular)
liathadh sé (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
sí (habitual indicative past singular third-person)
liathaimis (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
liathadh muid (first-person habitual indicative past plural)
liathadh sibh (habitual indicative past plural second-person)
liathaidís (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
liathadh siad (habitual indicative past plural third-person)
a liathadh (habitual indicative past relative)
liataí (autonomous habitual indicative past)
liathfaidh mé (first-person future indicative singular)
liathfad (first-person future indicative singular)
liathfaidh tú (future indicative second-person singular)
liathfair (future indicative second-person singular)
liathfaidh sé (future indicative singular third-person)
sí (future indicative singular third-person)
liathfaimid (first-person future indicative plural)
liathfaidh muid (first-person future indicative plural)
liathfaidh sibh (future indicative plural second-person)
liathfaidh siad (future indicative plural third-person)
liathfaid (future indicative plural third-person)
a liathfaidh (future indicative relative)
a liathfas (future indicative relative)
liathfar (autonomous future indicative)
liathfainn (conditional first-person singular)
liathfá (conditional second-person singular)
liathfadh sé (conditional singular third-person)
sí (conditional singular third-person)
liathfaimis (conditional first-person plural)
liathfadh muid (conditional first-person plural)
liathfadh sibh (conditional plural second-person)
liathfaidís (conditional plural third-person)
liathfadh siad (conditional plural third-person)
a liathfadh (conditional relative)
liathfaí (autonomous conditional)
go liatha mé (first-person present singular subjunctive)
go liathad (first-person present singular subjunctive)
go liatha tú (present second-person singular subjunctive)
go liathair (present second-person singular subjunctive)
go liatha sé (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sí (present singular subjunctive third-person)
go liathaimid (first-person plural present subjunctive)
go liatha muid (first-person plural present subjunctive)
go liatha sibh (plural present second-person subjunctive)
go liatha siad (plural present subjunctive third-person)
go liathaid (plural present subjunctive third-person)
go liatar (autonomous present subjunctive)
dá liathainn (first-person past singular subjunctive)
dá liatá (past second-person singular subjunctive)
dá liathadh sé (past singular subjunctive third-person)
sí (past singular subjunctive third-person)
dá liathaimis (first-person past plural subjunctive)
dá liathadh muid (first-person past plural subjunctive)
dá liathadh sibh (past plural second-person subjunctive)
dá liathaidís (past plural subjunctive third-person)
dá liathadh siad (past plural subjunctive third-person)
dá liataí (autonomous past subjunctive)
liathaim (first-person imperative singular)
liath (imperative second-person singular)
liathadh sé (imperative singular third-person)
sí (imperative singular third-person)
liathaimis (first-person imperative plural)
liathaigí (imperative plural second-person)
liathaidh (imperative plural second-person)
liathaidís (imperative plural third-person)
liatar (autonomous imperative)

From Old Irish líath, from Proto-Celtic *ɸleitos (compare Welsh llwyd, Cornish loos, Breton louet), from Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“grey”) (compare English fallow).

(transitive) give someone grey hairs, wear someone out; colour water, tea (with milk)


max

max (classifier duz, Sawndip forms 馬 or 马 or 獁 or 𮜃, 1957–1982 spelling maч)

duz (classifier)
馬 (Sawndip)
马 (Sawndip)
獁 (Sawndip)
𮜃 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”), from Middle Chinese 馬 (MC maeX). Cognate with Thai ม้า (máa), Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Lao ມ້າ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²), Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa), Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā) or 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa).


wild goose

any of many species of wildlife goose, such as the greylag goose or the Canada goose, whose wedge fly in a wedge or V form, or cuneiform, as opposed to the domesticated goose that would not fly.


lunette

Unadapted borrowing from French lunette, diminutive of lune (“moon”).

(farriery) A half horseshoe, lacking the sponge.


croup

From Scots croup, croop (“the croup”), from Scots croup, crowp, croop (“to croak, speak hoarsely, murmur, complain”), from Old Scots crowp, crope, croap (“to call loudly, croak”), alteration of rowp, roup, roip, rope (“to cry, cry hoarsely, roop”), from Middle English roupen, ropen, from Old English hrōpan (“to shout, proclaim; cry out, scream, howl”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōpaną (“to shout”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *kor- (“to caw, crow”). More at roop.

der

(pathology) An infectious illness of the larynx, especially in young children, causing respiratory difficulty.


poster

From post + -er, from post (“travel, dispatch”).

we whirled along with four posters at a gallop

1854, Charles Lever, The Dodd Family Abroad:


wineskin

Coordinate term: waterskin

A bag, traditionally made from the skin of a goat (a goatskin), used for holding and dispensing wine.


impost

Borrowed from Middle French impost, itself borrowed or adapted from Latin impōsitus, past participle of impōnō (“I impose”).

(horse racing, slang) The weight that must be carried by a horse in a race; the handicap.


bridle

From Middle English bridel, from Old English brīdel, from Proto-West Germanic *brigdil, from Proto-Germanic *brigdilaz (“strap, rein”), equivalent to braid + -le.

inh

[…] the horseman, who is the user of bridles and knows their use

1961, J. A. Philip, “Mimesis in the Sophistês”, in Proceedings and Transactions of the American Philological Association, 92, p. 457:

(equestrianism) The headgear with which a horse is directed and which carries a bit and reins.

A piece in the interior of a gunlock which holds in place the tumbler, sear, etc.


trot

trọ̑t (animate canonical masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
trót (nominative singular)
tróta (dual nominative)
tróti (nominative plural)
tróta (genitive singular)
trótov (dual genitive)
trótov (genitive plural)
trótu (dative singular)
trótoma (dative dual)
trótom (dative plural)
tróta (accusative singular)
tróta (accusative dual)
tróte (accusative plural)
trótu (locative singular)
trótih (dual locative)
trótih (locative plural)
trótom (instrumental singular)
trótoma (dual instrumental)
tróti (instrumental plural)


get someone's goat

en-verb

get someone's goat (third-person singular simple present gets someone's goat, present participle getting someone's goat, simple past got someone's goat, past participle (UK) got someone's goat or (US) gotten someone's goat)

gets someone's goat (present singular third-person)
getting someone's goat (participle present)
got someone's goat (past)
got someone's goat (UK participle past)
gotten someone's goat (US participle past)

/ˌɡɛt ˈsʌmwʌnz ˈɡəʊt/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-get someone's goat.wav

Uncertain; it has been suggested that the term may be derived from French prendre la chèvre (literally “to take the goat”), or refer to the stealing of a goat mascot from a military unit, etc.

der

Coordinate term: yank someone's chain

It really gets my goat when inconsiderate people drop litter in public.

If he had legged it on his own account, because what he heard me say got his goat, I could understand that.

1915, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, chapter XXIII, in Uneasy Money, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton and Company, published 17 March 1916, →OCLC, page 306:

"Unfortunately," said Soames, "there's no such thing as luck in properly regulated assurance, as we shall find, or I'm much mistaken. I shouldn't be surprised if an action lay against the Board for gross negligence!" That had got the Chairman's goat!—Got his goat? What expressions they used nowadays!

1924 October, John Galsworthy, “The Mark Falls”, in The White Monkey, London: William Heinemann, published November 1924, →OCLC, part II, page 123:

But there's one litte thing that gets my goat, / That certainly strikes a sour note. / It's that Southern Ship who has my place— / With her larger decks and her faster pace.

1941 May, “Milestone”, in T. Orchard Lisle, editor, The Log, volume 36, number 8, San Francisco, Calif.: Miller Freeman Publishers, →OCLC, page 34:

It sure did get their goat; they turned without saying a word and walked off toward the highway, red-necked, us laughing behind them. I forget sometimes what laughter can do.

1962 February 1, Ken Kesey, One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest (Signet Books; 225), New York, N.Y.: New American Library, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: Signet, New American Library, February 1963, →OCLC, page 95:

Sometimes people are quite simply intent on riling us; on getting our goat. [...] If you don't want them to get your goat, don't let them know where it is.

2002, Barry Winbolt, “Looking for New Ideas”, in Difficult People: A Guide to Handling Difficult Behaviour, Seaford, East Sussex: ISR Publishing, Institute for Social Relations, published 2005, →ISBN, section 2, pages 191–192:

As Sandra Strain had seen it, as quickly as Natty had gotten her goat, she had slaughtered it by being apologetic. This was not what the girl had anticipated, nor wanted to hear.

2005, Sandy Santistevan, chapter 7, in Song of the Cicada: A Novel, Lincoln, Neb.: iUniverse, →ISBN, page 79:

(informal, idiomatic) To annoy or infuriate someone.

courir sur le haricot

to annoy or infuriate someone — see also annoy, infuriate


vista

vista (nominative singular)
vistas (nominative plural)
vistas (genitive singular)
vistu (genitive plural)
vistai (dative singular)
vistām (dative plural)
vistu (accusative singular)
vistas (accusative plural)
vistu (instrumental singular)
vistām (instrumental plural)
vistā (locative singular)
vistās (locative plural)
vista (singular vocative)
vistas (plural vocative)

There are two theories on the origin of this word. One derives it from Proto-Baltic *wiš- (with an extra element -tā), from Proto-Indo-European *wik-, the zero grade form of *weyḱ- (“house, settlement”). The original meaning would then have been “(relating to) the house, the settlement", from which "domestic (animal)” and finally “chicken.” The other theory relates it to Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬱 (vīš, “bird”), possibly from a Proto-Indo-European stem *weys-. Cognates include Lithuanian vištà.

mājas vista

vista ar cāļiem

vistas gaļa, olas

vistu kūts

perētāja vista

cekulainā vista

vistas buljons

Gallus gallus
Gallus gallus#Translingual

hen (female chicken); chicken (Gallus gallus in general)


ugh

head

ugh m (genitive singular uigh or uighe, plural uighean)

uigh (genitive singular)
uighe (genitive singular)
uighean (plural)
ugh
n-ugh
h-ugh
t-ugh

From Old Irish og, from Proto-Celtic *āuyom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.


gamp

gampen (definite singular)
gamper (indefinite plural)
gampene (definite plural)

Related to Norwegian Nynorsk gimpe (“twist the upper body”)


gamp

gampen (definite singular)
gampar (indefinite plural)
gampane (definite plural)

Related to gimpe (“twist the upper body”)


лошадь

head

лошадь (lošadĭ) f (related adjective лошадинъ, diminutive лошадька)

lošadĭ (romanization)
лошадинъ (adjective)
лошадька (diminutive)

desc

Old Ruthenian: ло́шадь (lóšadʹ), ло́шадъ (lóšad), ло́шатъ (lóšat)

Middle Russian: ло́шадь (lóšadʹ)

Russian: ло́шадь (lóšadʹ)

→ Belarusian: лошадзь (lóšadzʹ)

From лоша (loša) + -дь (-dĭ). The suffix is the same as in Old Church Slavonic ослѣдь (oslědĭ, “onager, wild ass”).


лошадь

ru-noun+

~~ьми́,~~я́ми

ло́шадь • (lóšadʹ) f anim (genitive ло́шади, nominative plural ло́шади, genitive plural лошаде́й, relational adjective лошади́ный, diminutive лоша́дка)

ло́шадь (canonical)
lóšadʹ (romanization)
ло́шади (genitive)
ло́шади (nominative plural)
лошаде́й (genitive plural)
лошади́ный (adjective relational)
лоша́дка (diminutive)
ло́шадь (nominative singular)
ло́шади (nominative plural)
ло́шади (genitive singular)
лошаде́й (genitive plural)
ло́шади (dative singular)
лошадя́м (dative plural)
ло́шадь (accusative singular)
лошаде́й (accusative plural)
ло́шадью (instrumental singular)
лошадьми́ (instrumental irregular plural)
лошадя́ми (instrumental plural)
ло́шади (prepositional singular)
лошадя́х (plural prepositional)
ло́шадь (dated nominative singular)
ло́шади (dated nominative plural)
ло́шади (dated genitive singular)
лошаде́й (dated genitive plural)
ло́шади (dated dative singular)
лошадя́мъ (dated dative plural)
ло́шадь (accusative dated singular)
лошаде́й (accusative dated plural)
ло́шадью (dated instrumental singular)
лошадьми́ (dated instrumental irregular plural)
лошадя́ми (dated instrumental plural)
ло́шади (dated prepositional singular)
лошадя́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

→ Yup'ik: luussitaq

Inherited from Old East Slavic лошадь (lošadĭ), from лоша (loša), a Turkic borrowing; compare Tatar алаша (alaşa, “pack horse”), Chuvash лаша (laš̬a, “horse”), Kazakh алаша (alaşa, “a kind of camel”), Crimean Tatar алаша (“horse”), etc.


puissance

en-noun

puissance (countable and uncountable, plural puissances)

puissances (plural)
Puissance (alternative)

From Middle English puissaunce, from Anglo-Norman puissance, pusaunce, and other forms, from Old French puissant (“powerful”).

It was in Dublin that San Lucas scored his first success in what has become something of a speciality for him, the puissance.

1969, G. H. S. Webber, Show Jumping International, London: Evans Brothers; New York, N.Y.: Van Nostrand Reinhold, →OCLC, page 126:

Pat [Moss] then went to Oxford to qualify for the Horse of the Year Show, and Danny was fourth in the Puissance, an event with very high jumps.

2011 April, Stuart Turner, Harnessing Horsepower: The Pat Moss Carlsson Story, Poundbury, Dorset: Veloce Publishing, →ISBN, page 23:

In a study of horses during a puissance competition that started at a height of 1.80 m and ended in the last round at 2.27 m, success was significantly positively correlated with the following variables at lift-off: vertical velocity of CM, height of CM, distance of CM from the fence; and was significantly negatively correlated with the distance of the leading hind limb to the CM.

2013, Hilary M. Clayton, P. René van Weeren, “Performance in Equestrian Sports”, in Willem Back, Hilary M. Clayton, editors, Equine Locomotion, 2nd edition, Edinburgh, New York, N.Y.: Saunders, →ISBN, page 332:

(equestrianism) The high-jump component of the sport of show jumping.


nika

head

nika anim (plural nikag, diminutive nikens, stem nik-)

nikag (plural)
nikens (diminutive)
nik- (stem)

From Proto-Algonquian *nexka. Cognate with Atikamekw niska, Plains Cree ᓂᐢᑲ, Southern East Cree ᓂᔅᒃ (nisk), Northern East Cree ᓂᔅᒃ (nisk), Cheyenne héna'e, Montagnais nishk.

Mii zhigwa bimiinowaad igi nikag.

Branta canadensis
Branta canadensis#Translingual


kinder

(Central Greater Poland) Synonym of kiernoz


paloma

es-noun

paloma f (plural palomas, masculine palomo, masculine plural palomos)

palomas (plural)
palomo (masculine)
palomos (masculine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish paloma, from Vulgar Latin palumba, from Latin palumbus, palumbēs (“wood pigeon”).


yegua

From Latin equa, feminine form of equus (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos (“horse”). Compare Catalan euga, Spanish yegua, Galician egua, Portuguese égua, Romanian iapă.


yegua

Borrowed from Spanish yegua, from Latin equa.


yegua

yegua f (plural yeguas, masculine caballo, masculine plural caballos)

yeguas (plural)
caballo (masculine)
caballos (masculine plural)

→ Jakaltek: yewaẍ

→ Oluta Popoluca: ye̱wa

→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: yehualama

→ Tagalog: yegwa

[ˈɟ͡ʝe.ɣ̞wa]

[ˈɟ͡ʝe.ɣ̞wa]

Inherited from Old Spanish yegua, from Latin equa, feminine form of equus (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos (“horse”).

the letter Y in the Spanish spelling alphabet


bovine

en-adj

bovine (comparative more bovine, superlative most bovine)

more bovine (comparative)
most bovine (superlative)

PIE word
 *gʷṓws
Borrowed from Late Latin bovīnus (“relating to cattle”), from Latin bōs (“ox”). Cognate to beef.

bor

bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy

They had been selected and arranged with a dull, bovine indifference to any meaning that any of them might have.

1988 October 10, Douglas Adams, The Long Dark Tea-Time of the Soul, London: William Heinemann, page 69:

For reasons which are really a matter for a trainee psychoanalyst, who plays James Bond is a big thing for Spencer. To this end, he has unleashed a series of thoughts so bovine that I’ll just give you one for a little flavour.

2018 August 16, Marina Hyde, “Sorry to break it to you, far-righters: James Bond is not on your team”, in The Guardian:

The inevitable consequence of handling complex international issues with cruel and bovine simplicity is to spread fear, uncertainty and instability.

2025 February 5, “The Guardian view on Trump’s foreign policy: an alarming new order takes shape”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(figurative) Sluggish, dull, slow-witted.


coo

kye (plural)
coos (plural)
coe (alternative)
cou (alternative)

From Old English cū, from Proto-West Germanic *kō (“cow”).


bangtail

bangtails (plural)
bang tail (alternative)
bang-tail (alternative)

From bang + tail. The primary meaning refers to the sense bang (“fringe of hair cut across the forehead”).

1851, Turning Out a Bagman: A Legend of Brighton Downs, in Charles Dickens, William Harrison Ainsworth, Albert Smith Bentley's Miscellany, Volume XXIX, page 259,
Two lean, ewe-necked, clipt chestnuts, tucked up in the ribs, with hard work and bad feeding, but with such flowing bang-tails as at once stamped them in the eyes of our friends as “ out-and-out ” thorough-breds—were led up and down by John. […] The bang-tails, no doubt, supposing themselves out for their usual “airing,” put themselves in the regular side-long position, and struck at once into a sort of hectic canter ; a particular movement, peculiar to Brighton bang-tails, and adapted to the most innocent equestrian.

1903, Tom Collins (Joseph Furphy), Such Is Life: Being Certain Extracts from the Diary of Tom Collins, 2004, page 68,
"And did you see a dark chestnut horse; bang tail; star and snip; white hind feet; saddle and bridle on?" I asked.

Lennan held the black horse — a bizarre little beast, all fire and whipcord, with a skin like satin, liquid eyes, very straight hocks, and a thin bangtail reaching down to them.

1913, John Galsworthy, The Dark Flower, page 244:

Once we get the herd we can set up relays to keep the bangtails movin' as we go.

2005, Cynthia Queen, The Major's Renegade, page 127:

The tail of a horse or cow, allowed to grow out and then trimmed horizontally so as to form a tassel; a horse or cow having such a tail.

“Eddie!” whinnied Daley, the distraught worshipper of the bang-tails. “Eddie! Phar Lap is dead!”

1934, Stanley Walker, City Editor, published 1999, page 99:

Americans bet $5,000,000,000 a year on the galloping bangtails.

1937, The American Magazine, volume 124, page 52:

If you happen to be out on the far east side between April 23 and September 5, with $10 burning a hole in your pocket, hie yourself out to River Downs Race Track, 6301 Kellogg Avenue, and bet on the bangtails.

1983 March, Cincinnati Magazine, page 43:

I was ridin' the horses then, you understand, and maybe known to take a flutter or two on the bangtails while I was about it.


bangtail

en-verb

bangtail (third-person singular simple present bangtails, present participle bangtailing, simple past and past participle bangtailed)

bangtails (present singular third-person)
bangtailing (participle present)
bangtailed (participle past)
bangtailed (past)
bang tail (alternative)
bang-tail (alternative)

To shear off the hair horizontally at the end of a cow or horse's tail.


cuarto

→ Tagalog: kuwarto

From Latin quartus. Doublet of cuarta. The sense of room is after a common division of houses (4 or 5 sections). As a unit of English measure, calque of English quart. Compare English quarter.

fourth, quarter (one of four equal divisions of a whole)

(historical) cuarto, quarter-sack (a traditional unit of dry measure equal to ¹⁄₄ saco, equivalent to about 27.8 L)

(genealogy) line, lineage (any of the four main lines of ancestry through one's various grandparents)


chuckle

chuckle (third-person singular simple present chuckles, present participle chuckling, simple past and past participle chuckled)

chuckles (present singular third-person)
chuckling (participle present)
chuckled (participle past)
chuckled (past)

if these Birds are within distance, here's that will chuckle 'em together

1690, [John] Dryden, Don Sebastian, King of Portugal: […], London: […] Jo. Hindmarsh, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):

(transitive, archaic) To call together, or call to follow, as a hen calls her chickens; to cluck.


cabalgar

es-verb

cabalgar (first-person singular present cabalgo, first-person singular preterite cabalgué, past participle cabalgado)

cabalgo (first-person present singular)
cabalgué (first-person preterite singular)
cabalgado (participle past)
cabalgar (infinitive)
cabalgando (gerund)
cabalgado (masculine participle past singular)
cabalgada (feminine participle past singular)
cabalgados (masculine participle past plural)
cabalgadas (feminine participle past plural)
cabalgo (first-person indicative present singular)
cabalgas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
cabalgás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
cabalga (indicative present singular third-person)
cabalgamos (first-person indicative plural present)
cabalgáis (indicative plural present second-person)
cabalgan (indicative plural present third-person)
cabalgaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cabalgabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cabalgaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cabalgábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cabalgabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cabalgaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cabalgué (first-person indicative preterite singular)
cabalgaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
cabalgó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
cabalgamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
cabalgasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
cabalgaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
cabalgaré (first-person future indicative singular)
cabalgarás (future indicative second-person singular)
cabalgará (future indicative singular third-person)
cabalgaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
cabalgaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
cabalgarán (future indicative plural third-person)
cabalgaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
cabalgarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
cabalgaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
cabalgaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
cabalgaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
cabalgarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
cabalgue (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cabalgues (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
cabalgués (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
cabalgue (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cabalguemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cabalguéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cabalguen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cabalgara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cabalgaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cabalgara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cabalgáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cabalgarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cabalgaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cabalgase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
cabalgases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
cabalgase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
cabalgásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
cabalgaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
cabalgasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
cabalgare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
cabalgares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
cabalgare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
cabalgáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
cabalgareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
cabalgaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
cabalga (imperative informal second-person singular)
cabalgá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
cabalgue (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
cabalgue (imperative singular third-person)
cabalguemos (first-person imperative plural)
cabalgad (imperative plural second-person)
cabalguen (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
cabalguen (imperative plural third-person)
cabalgues (imperative negative second-person singular)
cabalgue (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
cabalgue (imperative negative singular third-person)
cabalguemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
cabalguéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
cabalguen (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
cabalguen (imperative negative plural third-person)
cabalgarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
cabalgarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
cabalgarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
cabalgaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
cabalgarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
cabalgarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
cabalgarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
cabalgaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
cabalgarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
cabalgándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
cabalgándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
cabalgándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
cabalgándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
cabalgándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
cabalgándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cabalgándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
cabalgándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
cabalgándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cabalgándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cabálgame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cabálganos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cabálganos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cabálgalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cabalgame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cabalganos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cabalganos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cabalgalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cabálgueme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
cabálguele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cabálguese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cabálguenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
cabálgueles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
cabálgueme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
cabálguelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cabálguela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cabálguese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cabálguenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
cabálguelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
cabálguelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
cabalguémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
cabalguémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
cabalguémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
cabalguémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
cabalguémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
cabalguémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
cabalguémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
cabalguémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
cabalguémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
cabalguémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
cabalguémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
cabalguémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
cabalgadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
cabalgadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cabalgadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
cabalgaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
cabalgadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cabalgadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
cabalgadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cabalgadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cabalgadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
cabalgaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
cabalgadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cabalgadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cabálguenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
cabálguenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cabálguennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
cabálguenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cabálguense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cabálguenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
cabálguenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cabálguenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cabálguennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
cabálguenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cabálguenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cabálguense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Inherited from Late Latin caballicāre, from Latin caballus.

Pedro corrió por los cerros y cabalgó un caballo desconocido.

1952, Hernán del Solar, La noche de enfrente:

Pedro ran through the hills and mounted an unknown horse.

(intransitive) to mount an animal, especially a horse

Cabalgaron un día entero sin apearse y de noche seguían cabalgando.

2005, Pilar Cibreiro, El dueño del trigo, Caballo De Troya, →ISBN, page 133:

They rode one whole day without dismounting, and at night they kept riding.

(intransitive) to ride an animal, especially a horse


cabalgata

As with many of the cabal- words, cabalgata is derived from Latin caballus (“horse”).


tandem

en-noun

tandem (countable and uncountable, plural tandems)

PIE word
 *téh₂m
The noun is borrowed from Latin tandem (“of time: at last, at length, finally”), applied humorously in English to two horses harnessed “at length” (that is, in a single line) instead of side-by-side. Tandem is derived from tam (“so, to such an extent”) + -dem (demonstrative suffix).
The adjective, adverb, and verb are derived from the noun.

tandem

carriage pulled by two or more draught animals harnessed one behind the other; two draught animals harnessed one behind the other

tandem-

thing with two components arranged one behind the other

[H]e was a man whose head was at this time entirely full of gigs, and tandems, and unicorns: business was his aversion; pleasure was his business.

1804, Maria Edgeworth, “The Contrast. Chapter II. Ignorance of Things, into which It is a Duty to Enquire, is the Cause of Many Odious Vices.”, in Popular Tales, volume III, London: Printed for J[oseph] Johnson, […], [b]y C. Mercier and Co., […], →OCLC, page 30:

A friend of mine accompanies me in my carriage to Edinburgh. There we shall leave it, and proceed in a tandem (a species of open carriage) through the western passes to Inverary, where we shall purchase shelties, to enable us to view places inaccessible to vehicular conveyances.

1807 August 11, Lord Byron, “Letter XVII. To Miss ——.”, in Thomas Moore, editor, Letters and Journals of Lord Byron: With Notices of His Life, […], volume I, London: John Murray, […], published 1830, →OCLC, pages 118–119:

Mr. Foker was no more like a gentleman now than in his school days: and yet Pen felt a secret pride in strutting down High Street with a young fellow who owned tandems, talked to officers, and ordered turtle and champagne for dinner.

1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, “In which Pendennis Appears as a Very Young Man Indeed”, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC, page 31:

The chief characteristic of this set was the most reckless extravagance of every kind. […] They drove tandems in all directions, scattering their ample allowances, which they treated as pocket money, about roadside inns and Oxford taverns with open hand, and going tick for every thing which could by possibility be booked.

1859–1861, [Thomas Hughes], “St. Ambrose’s College”, in Tom Brown at Oxford: […], part 1st, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, published 1861, →OCLC, page 3:

(countable) A carriage pulled by two or more draught animals (generally draught horses) harnessed one behind the other, both providing pulling power but only the animal in front being able to steer.

Later in the day the Row is empty, but, on the other hand, the pleasure horse monopolises the circle, now comparatively deserted. Singly, in pairs, tandems, and fours, he draws the family carriage with a lozenge on the panels, the brougham of the fashionable doctor, the coupé of the popular actress, the man about town's smart dog-cart.

[1903], Charles Dudley, “Equine London”, in George R[obert] Sims, editor, Living London: Its Work and Its Play, Its Humour and Its Pathos, Its Sights and Its Scenes, special edition, volume II, section I, London: Cassell and Company, →OCLC, pages 158–159, column 2:

Two draught animals (generally draught horses) harnessed one behind the other.


tandem

Their skillful tandem work made the project quick and successful.

(figurative) Working together collaboratively; collaborative, cooperative.

заедно

working together collaboratively — see also collaborative, cooperative


tandem

en-verb

tandem (third-person singular simple present tandems, present participle tandeming, simple past and past participle tandemed)

tandems (present singular third-person)
tandeming (participle present)
tandemed (participle past)
tandemed (past)

[O]ur dog-cart having come to hand, from the hilliness of the road, we tandemed the ten miles due west, along the southern shore of Clew Bay.

1861, “a retired civil engineer” [pseudonym], “Westport—The Killeries”, in Ierne. Or, Anecdotes and Incidents during a Life Chiefly in Ireland. […] (First Series), London: Partridge and Co., […], →OCLC, page 208:

And sometimes these nymphs [on frescoes] are tandeming the daintiest little gryphons so pleasantly that one longs (in the dream) to be with them, not fearing a reverse.

1866 May 1, “Visits to the Paradise of Artists. IV. Pompeii.—The Enchanting Sights and Disenchanting Sounds of Naples.—Capri.”, in The Art-Journal, volume V (New Series), London: Virtue & Co., page 129, column 2:

Hendee is located at the New Marlboro', and is tandeming with his lady friends through the Newtons daily.

1886 July 9, “Pencilled Paragraphs”, in The Cycle, volume I, number 15, Boston, Mass.: Abbot Bassett, →OCLC, page 263, column 3:

Mr. Cadman gives a humorous description of their journey, as they tandemed the donkey to drag their impedimenta up the slope of 1,200 feet.

1898 July 16, “The Gentle Art. Harry Druidale, Fisherman, from Manxland to England. By Henry Cadman. London: Macmillan & Co. [book review]”, in [Thomas Wemyss Reid], editor, The Speaker, London: The Speaker Office, →OCLC, page 87:

[A]n excessively dissipative error cancellation delay line is unacceptable, since that line directly tandems the main power amplifier.

1971 November, H. Seidel, “A Microwave Feed-forward Experiment”, in The Bell System Technical Journal, volume 50, number 9, New York, N.Y.: American Telephone and Telegraph Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2892:

Charlotte, who I had not yet had the chance to do more than talk to, was tandeming [on a tandem bicycle] with George but each was accusing the other of not putting in their fare share of the pedalling.

1989, Andrew Scott [pseudonym; Lionel Trapes?], chapter 3, in The Oyster, volume IV, New York, N.Y.: Blue Moon Books, published 2006, →ISBN, page 80:

No strained informality this as Judy [Garland] tandemed provocative chatter with her guests Lena Horne and Terry-Thomas.

1990, Coyne Steven Sanders, Rainbow’s End: The Judy Garland Show, New York, N.Y.: William Morrow and Company, →ISBN, page 233:

Remote-office-to-remote-office communication happens by tandeming through the headquarters router. The headquarters router and port connection can become bottlenecks. Network latency increases with tandeming.

2002, Regis J. (Bud) Bates, “Frame Relay”, in Broadband Telecommunications Handbook (McGraw-Hill Telecommunications), 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill, →ISBN, page 205:

(ambitransitive) Synonym of tandemize (“(transitive) to harness or drive (two draught animals, generally draught horses) one behind the other; to set up (two or more things, such as pieces or equipment) to work in tandem or together; (intransitive) to drive a tandem (‘carriage pulled by two or more draught animals (generally draught horses) harnessed one behind the other’)”)


a chicken in every pot

First stated by Henry IV of France as, "I want there to be no peasant in my realm so poor that he will not have a chicken in his pot every Sunday," and later associated with United States president Herbert Hoover's 1928 campaign as part of an advertisement, placed by a local committee. Because of the advertisement, the phrase is often attributed to Hoover, although he never made such a statement.

At least nowadays we have a chicken in every pot, and a car in every garage to boot!

something suggestive of general welfare or prosperity


flog a dead horse

flog a dead horse (third-person singular simple present flogs a dead horse, present participle flogging a dead horse, simple past and past participle flogged a dead horse)

flogs a dead horse (present singular third-person)
flogging a dead horse (participle present)
flogged a dead horse (participle past)
flogged a dead horse (past)
beat a dead horse (alternative)
flog a dead pony (alternative)

(dated, nautical) To attempt to get extra work out of a ship's crew during the dead horse period.


resurrectionist

From resurrection (“the act of rising from the dead and becoming alive again”) + -ist (“forms agents of cause; forms adherents of a belief”), coined alongside resurrection man.

af

There is a class of horses called ‘resurrectionists’... and they either recover early form... or... become animated, when they were supposed to be gone altogether, with... life and vigour.

(equestrianism, humorous, obsolete) A racehorse that (once or numerously) suddenly recovers its stamina midrace.


loggerhead

From logger (“(dialectal) heavy wooden block secured to a horse's leg to prevent it from straying”) + head. Logger was apparently coined because its sound connotes a clumsy, heavy object; compare log (“trunk of a dead tree; bulky piece of wood”).

compound

Loggerheads, from the resemblance of its knobbed involucres to a weapon so called, consisting of a ball of iron at the end of a stick, the knapweed, the Clobbewed of old MSS. Centaurea nigra, L.

1863, R[ichard] C[handler] A[lexander] Prior, “Loggerheads”, in On the Popular Names of British Plants, […], London, Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, […], →OCLC, page 137:

Bolwes, loggerheads, centaurea nigra. […] Bolwes is balls, the hard round heads of the wort. Loggerheads is a name I have often heard in Oxfordshire.

1866, “Saxon Names of Worts and Trees”, in Oswald Cockayne, editor, Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England. […] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores), volume III, London: Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, →OCLC, page 315, column 1:

(Midlands, dialectal, often in the plural) A thistle-like flowering plant of the genus Centaurea, particularly the common knapweed (Centaurea nigra).

But here is a ſpecies of ducks, called the loggerhead, from its large head. They have ſhort wings, are unable to fly, and only ſwim and flap along on the water at an extraordinary rate.

1775 November 9, William Clayton, “V. An Account of the Falkland Islands”, in Philosophical Transactions, of the Royal Society of London, volume XLVI, part I, number 446, London: Printed by W[illiam] Bowyer and J[ohn] Nichols; for Lockyer Davis, […], printer to the Royal Society, published 1776, →OCLC, page 104:

A ſpecies of duck, as large as a gooſe, and called the loggerhead duck at the Falkland Iſlands, is here met with, which beats the water with its wings and feet, and runs along the ſea with inconceivable velocity; […]

1810 July, Jedidiah Morse, “Terra del Fuego Island”, in The American Gazetteer, Exhibiting a Full Account of the Civil Divisions, Rivers, Harbors, Indian Tribes, &c. of the American Continent: […], 3rd revised and corrected edition, Boston, Mass.: Thomas & Andrews […], →OCLC:

Micropterus cinereus (Gm.). (Loggerhead Duck.) This Duck, which is called the ‘Loggerhead’ in the Falkland Islands, frequents the salt water. […] Looking for the Loggerhead’s eggs, which are esteemed a great delicacy, is a great amusement to all the boys in Stanley.

1861 April, C[harles] C[onrad] Abbott, “XV.—Notes on the Birds of the Falkland Islands”, in Philip Lutley Sclater, editor, The Ibis, a Magazine of General Ornithology, volume III, number X, London: N[icholas] Trübner and Co., […], →OCLC, paragraph 42, page 161:

Tachyeres brachypterus
Tachyeres brachypterus#Translingual

Used as the name of various animals with large heads.

The loggerhead duck or Falkland steamer duck (Tachyeres brachypterus; formerly Tachyeres cinereus), a species of steamer duck endemic to the Falkland Islands.

[E]arly in the season, a pair of Loggerheads, Tyrannus caudifasciatus, appropriated the same tree to themselves, and commenced constructing their nest. The Mocking birds were seen constantly in the square, but never interrupted or interfered with them until they had nearly completed the nest; they then drove away the Loggerheads, took possession of it, added a few sticks to the outwork, laid the eggs and hatched the young brood. The poor Loggerheads hovered about the place in great distress for a few days, but never attempted to regain possession of their property.

1863 October–November, W. T. March, S[pencer] F[ullerton] Baird, “(Communicated by the Smithsonian Institution.) Notes on the Birds of Jamaica. […]”, in Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, number 6, Philadelphia, Pa.: Academy of Natural Sciences, […], →OCLC, page 291:

loggerhead kingbird
loggerhead kingbird#English

The loggerhead kingbird (Tyrannus caudifasciatus), a bird endemic to the Caribbean and West Indies.

[…] I have received here also one of the parent birds, and in this instance I have been again surprised to learn that it is the Loggerhead, and not borealis or excubitoroides, that is the species referred to. […] So that we have in all ten well-authenticated instances of the Loggerhead breeding in the very heart of two of the most northerly of the New England States.

1879 April, T[homas] M[ayo] Brewer, “General Notes. [The Loggerhead Shrike (Colluro ludovicianus) Breeding in Northern New England.]”, in Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club: A Quarterly Journal of Ornithology, volume IV, number 2, Cambridge, Mass.: Published by the [Nuttall Ornithological] Club, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 119:

Lanius ludovicianus
Lanius ludovicianus#Translingual

The loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus), a bird endemic to North America.

Sternotherus minor (Agassiz) / Loggerhead musk-turtle / […] Most numerous in large calcareous springs, where they may be seen at night wandering around on the bottom, especially about piles of debris.

1940 January, Archie Fairly Carr, Jr., “Annotated List”, in A Contribution to the Herpetology of Florida (University of Florida Biological Science Series; vol. III, no. 1), [Gainesville, Fla.]: University of Florida, →OCLC, page 96:

The loggerhead (S[ternotherus] m[inor] minor) and stripe-necked (S. m. peltifer) musk turtles represent two distinct subspecies of a species with a tan to brown carapace with black streaking and overlapping scutes down the center of the carapace. […] The head of old loggerhead musk turtles becomes disproportionately enlarged, as does the front half of the entire shell.

2008, Kurl Buhlmann, Tracey Tuberville, Whit Gibbons, “Loggerhead and Striped-head Musk Turtles”, in Turtles of the Southeast (Wormsloe Foundation Nature Book), Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press, →ISBN, page 131:

loggerhead musk turtle
loggerhead musk turtle#English

The loggerhead musk turtle (Sternotherus minor), a large-headed turtle endemic to the United States.

The Loggerhead is ſo called from the largeneſs of its head, which is much bigger in proportion than that of other kinds. The fleſh of this alſo is very rank, and not eaten but in caſe of neceſſity.

1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of the Tortoise, and Its Kinds”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume VI, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, part IV (Of Crustaceous and Testaceous Fishes), page 361:

[O]ur boat was hoisted out, and a loggerhead turtle struck as it was sleeping on the surface of the water. […] Dr. Patrick Browne, in his Natural History of Jamaica, mentions the hawksbill, the green turtle, and the loggerhead only. […] The loggerhead from which his description was taken was caught near the Western Islands, many leagues out at sea.

1850 November, “Leaves from the Note-book of a Naturalist. Part XI.”, in Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country, volume XLII, number CCLI, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, page 548:

The currest estimated number of loggerhead females nesting annually from North Carolina to Key Biscayne, Florida is 20,640 (± 6,328). This nesting level has been relatively stable since 1980 and accounts for about 98 percent of all loggerhead nesting within the continental United States.

1987 February 20, “Affected Environment”, in Draft Supplement to the Final Environmental Impact Statement on Listing and Protecting the Green Sea Turtle, Loggerhead Sea Turtle and the Pacific Ridley Sea Turtle under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, [Washington, D.C.]: Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, →OCLC, section III.A.1 (Loggerheads), page 33:

loggerhead sea turtle
loggerhead sea turtle#English

Caretta caretta
Caretta caretta#Translingual

The loggerhead sea turtle or loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta), an oceanic turtle found throughout the world.


крава

bg-noun

кра́ва • (kráva) f (relational adjective кра́ви)

кра́ва (canonical)
kráva (romanization)
кра́ви (adjective relational)
кра́ва (indefinite singular)
кра́ви (indefinite plural)
кра́вата (definite singular)
кра́вите (definite plural)
кра́во (singular vocative)
кра́ви (plural vocative)

From Proto-Slavic *korva, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kárˀwāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-.