birth

sq-noun

birth m (plural birthe, definite birthi, definite plural birthat)

birthe (plural)
birthi (definite)
birthat (definite plural)


birth

Diminutive -th lengthening of bir (“son”).


mars

marsi (definite)
mars (indefinite nominative singular)
marsi (definite nominative singular)
mars (accusative indefinite singular)
marsin (accusative definite singular)
marsi (indefinite singular)
marsit (definite singular)

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin, from Latin martius (“March”).


AIDS

aids/AIDS m (plural -, definite aidsi (AIDS-i), definite plural -)

aids (canonical masculine)
aidsi (definite)
AIDS (indefinite nominative singular)
AIDS-i (definite nominative singular)
AIDS (accusative indefinite singular)
AIDS-in (accusative definite singular)
AIDS-i (indefinite singular)
AIDS-it (definite singular)

Borrowed from English AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome).

sindromi i mungesës së imunitetit të fituar

acquired immune deficiency syndrome#English


planet

planet m (plural planete, definite planeti, definite plural planetet)

planete (plural)
planeti (definite)
planetet (definite plural)
planet (indefinite nominative singular)
planeti (definite nominative singular)
planete (indefinite nominative plural)
planetet (definite nominative plural)
planet (accusative indefinite singular)
planetin (accusative definite singular)
planete (accusative indefinite plural)
planetet (accusative definite plural)
planeti (dative indefinite singular)
planetit (dative definite singular)
planeteve (dative indefinite plural)
planeteve (dative definite plural)
planeti (ablative indefinite singular)
planetit (ablative definite singular)
planetesh (ablative indefinite plural)
planeteve (ablative definite plural)


send

From Proto-Albanian *tsjam tam, from Proto-Indo-European *kiom tom, a sequence of two pronouns in neuter of which the first is related to 'se'. Alternatively from Proto-Albanian *tśe enta, literally 'this being', the first element from *kwe- (“how, what”), or *k̂(e) (“this”), while the second one being a gerundive or a participle of a disused verb, close to Latin -ēns (participal ending), Medieval Latin ens (“being”) (hence Italian ente (“entity, body, being”)), and Ancient Greek ὤν (ṓn) (present participle).


acid

acid m (plural acide, definite acidi, definite plural acidet)

acide (plural)
acidi (definite)
acidet (definite plural)
acid (indefinite nominative singular)
acidi (definite nominative singular)
acide (indefinite nominative plural)
acidet (definite nominative plural)
acid (accusative indefinite singular)
acidin (accusative definite singular)
acide (accusative indefinite plural)
acidet (accusative definite plural)
acidi (dative indefinite singular)
acidit (dative definite singular)
acideve (dative indefinite plural)
acideve (dative definite plural)
acidi (ablative indefinite singular)
acidit (ablative definite singular)
acidesh (ablative indefinite plural)
acideve (ablative definite plural)


port

port m (plural porte, definite porti, definite plural portet)

porte (plural)
porti (definite)
portet (definite plural)


hell

hell m (plural heje, definite helli, definite plural hejet)

heje (plural)
helli (definite)
hejet (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *skōla, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kol- (“stake”); compare Lithuanian kuõlas, Polish kół, Ancient Greek σκύλος (skúlos).

(adverb) standing straight without moving


latin

latín m (plural latínë, definite latíni, definite plural latínët)

latín (canonical masculine)
latínë (plural)
latíni (definite)
latínët (definite plural)


be

be f (plural be, definite beja, definite plural betë)

be (plural)
beja (definite)
betë (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *bẹðə < *baidā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoydʰ-eh₂ < *bʰeydʰ- (“to persuade”). Compare Old English bād (“pledge, expectation”), Proto-Slavic *bě̄dà, Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō), Latin foedus.


pip

pip f (plural pipa, definite pipa, definite plural pipat)

pipa (plural)
pipa (definite)
pipat (definite plural)

From Romance *pīpa, also present in Old French pipe, Italian pipa etc.


mi

mi m (plural minj, definite miu, definite plural minjtë)

minj (plural)
miu (definite)
minjtë (definite plural)
mi (indefinite nominative singular)
miu (definite nominative singular)
minj (indefinite nominative plural)
minjtë (definite nominative plural)
mi (accusative indefinite singular)
miun (accusative definite singular)
minj (accusative indefinite plural)
minjtë (accusative definite plural)
miu (dative indefinite singular)
miut (dative definite singular)
minjve (dative indefinite plural)
minjve (dative definite plural)
miu (ablative indefinite singular)
miut (ablative definite singular)
minjsh (ablative indefinite plural)
minjve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *mūh-, from Proto-Indo-European *múh₂s (“mouse”).


finale

finale f (plural finale, definite finalja, definite plural finalet)

finale (plural)
finalja (definite)
finalet (definite plural)
finale (indefinite nominative singular)
finalja (definite nominative singular)
finale (indefinite nominative plural)
finalet (definite nominative plural)
finale (accusative indefinite singular)
finalen (accusative definite singular)
finale (accusative indefinite plural)
finalet (accusative definite plural)
finaleje (dative indefinite singular)
finales (dative definite singular)
finaleve (dative indefinite plural)
finaleve (dative definite plural)
finaleje (ablative indefinite singular)
finales (ablative definite singular)
finalesh (ablative indefinite plural)
finaleve (ablative definite plural)


bakter

bakter m (plural baktere, definite bakteri, definite plural bakteret)

baktere (plural)
bakteri (definite)
bakteret (definite plural)
bakter (indefinite nominative singular)
bakteri (definite nominative singular)
baktere (indefinite nominative plural)
bakteret (definite nominative plural)
bakter (accusative indefinite singular)
bakterin (accusative definite singular)
baktere (accusative indefinite plural)
bakteret (accusative definite plural)
bakteri (dative indefinite singular)
bakterit (dative definite singular)
baktereve (dative indefinite plural)
baktereve (dative definite plural)
bakteri (ablative indefinite singular)
bakterit (ablative definite singular)
bakteresh (ablative indefinite plural)
baktereve (ablative definite plural)


thumb

From *thon (“(finger)nail”) (modern thua). More at thua.

point of arrowhead, spiked tip of a goad or prod


fall

fall m (plural falle, definite falli, definite plural fallet)

falle (plural)
falli (definite)
fallet (definite plural)
fall (indefinite nominative singular)
falli (definite nominative singular)
falle (indefinite nominative plural)
fallet (definite nominative plural)
fall (accusative indefinite singular)
fallin (accusative definite singular)
falle (accusative indefinite plural)
fallet (accusative definite plural)
falli (dative indefinite singular)
fallit (dative definite singular)
falleve (dative indefinite plural)
falleve (dative definite plural)
falli (ablative indefinite singular)
fallit (ablative definite singular)
fallesh (ablative indefinite plural)
falleve (ablative definite plural)

From Turkish fal, from Arabic فَأْل (faʔl, “omen”).


hut

hut m (plural huta, definite huti, definite plural hutat)

huta (plural)
huti (definite)
hutat (definite plural)
hut (indefinite nominative singular)
huti (definite nominative singular)
huta (indefinite nominative plural)
hutat (definite nominative plural)
hut (accusative indefinite singular)
hutin (accusative definite singular)
huta (accusative indefinite plural)
hutat (accusative definite plural)
huti (dative indefinite singular)
hutit (dative definite singular)
hutave (dative indefinite plural)
hutave (dative definite plural)
huti (ablative indefinite singular)
hutit (ablative definite singular)
hutash (ablative indefinite plural)
hutave (ablative definite plural)

From the adverb or an onomatopoeia (compare English hoot).


mill

mill m (plural mille, definite milli, definite plural millet)

mille (plural)
milli (definite)
millet (definite plural)
mill (indefinite nominative singular)
milli (definite nominative singular)
mille (indefinite nominative plural)
millet (definite nominative plural)
mill (accusative indefinite singular)
millin (accusative definite singular)
mille (accusative indefinite plural)
millet (accusative definite plural)
milli (dative indefinite singular)
millit (dative definite singular)
milleve (dative indefinite plural)
milleve (dative definite plural)
milli (ablative indefinite singular)
millit (ablative definite singular)
millesh (ablative indefinite plural)
milleve (ablative definite plural)

Possibly from Proto-Albanian *meila (“fastening (of a knife)”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to attach, fasten”).


ag

sq-noun

ag m (plural agje, definite agu, definite plural agjet)

agje (plural)
agu (definite)
agjet (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *(h)aug-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (compare Ancient Greek αὐγή (augḗ, “daylight, splendor”), Serbo-Croatian jȕg (“south”).


art

arti (definite)
art (indefinite nominative singular)
arti (definite nominative singular)
art (accusative indefinite singular)
artin (accusative definite singular)
arti (indefinite singular)
artit (definite singular)

Learned borrowing from Latin ars, artem.


hi

Tosk form of Gheg hî (pl. hin), from Proto-Albanian *skina, from *skines, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱenHis (compare Latin cinis (“dust; cinder”), Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis, “ashes; dust”)).


bal

sq-noun

bal m (plural bala, definite bali, definite plural balat)

bala (plural)
bali (definite)
balat (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *bala, cognate to Lithuanian bãlas (“white”), Latvian bàls (“pale”) and Greek (Hes.) φαλός λευκός (falós lefkós), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-.

dog or goat (with a white spot on the forehead)


beg

head

beg (plural begj or beglerë, definite begu)

begj (plural)
beglerë (plural)
begu (definite)


at

át (canonical masculine)
atllárë (plural)
áti (definite)
at (indefinite nominative singular)
ati (definite nominative singular)
atllarë (indefinite nominative plural)
atllarët (definite nominative plural)
at (accusative indefinite singular)
atin (accusative definite singular)
atllarë (accusative indefinite plural)
atllarët (accusative definite plural)
ati (dative indefinite singular)
atit (dative definite singular)
atllarëve (dative indefinite plural)
atllarëve (dative definite plural)
ati (ablative indefinite singular)
atit (ablative definite singular)
atllarësh (ablative indefinite plural)
atllarëve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آت (at, “horse”).

bor+

Near-synonyms: kálë, hamshór


bel

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بل (bel, “waist; spade”) (Turkish bel).


bel

From Ottoman Turkish بل (bel, “spade”), from Persian بیل (bil, “spade”).


sy

sq-noun

sy m (plural sy, definite syri, definite plural sytë)

sy (plural)
syri (definite)
sytë (definite plural)
sy (indefinite nominative singular)
syri (definite nominative singular)
sy (indefinite nominative plural)
sytë (definite nominative plural)
sy (accusative indefinite singular)
syrin (accusative definite singular)
sy (accusative indefinite plural)
sytë (accusative definite plural)
syri (dative indefinite singular)
syrit (dative definite singular)
syve (dative indefinite plural)
syve (dative definite plural)
syri (ablative indefinite singular)
syrit (ablative definite singular)
sysh (ablative indefinite plural)
syve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *asī, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷih₁ (dual), from singular *h₃okʷ- (compare Lithuanian akìs, Ancient Greek ὄσσε (ósse, “eyes”), English eye).


man

man m (plural mana, definite mani, definite plural manat)

mana (plural)
mani (definite)
manat (definite plural)
man (indefinite nominative singular)
mani (definite nominative singular)
mana (indefinite nominative plural)
manat (definite nominative plural)
man (accusative indefinite singular)
manin (accusative definite singular)
mana (accusative indefinite plural)
manat (accusative definite plural)
mani (dative indefinite singular)
manit (dative definite singular)
manave (dative indefinite plural)
manave (dative definite plural)
mani (ablative indefinite singular)
manit (ablative definite singular)
manash (ablative indefinite plural)
manave (ablative definite plural)

Syncopated form of Gheg mand, from Proto-Albanian *manta. Compare Ancient Greek βάτος (bátos, “bramble”), said by Beekes to be a Mediterranean wanderwort, and μαντία (mantía, “blackberry”) (Dacian loan).


re

ré f (plural ré, definite réja, definite plural rétë)

ré (canonical feminine)
ré (plural)
réja (definite)
rétë (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *rina, a noun derived from the Proto-Indo-European verb *h₃rinéHti whence Albanian rij (“to make humid”), from the root *h₃reyH- (“move, flow, boil”). It is likely morphologically identical with Illyrian ῥινός (rhinós, “mist”). Further related to Sanskrit रिणाति (riṇā́ti, “to make flow, to release, to pour”) and Proto-Slavic *rinǫti (“push, shove”).

cog

qiell pa re

re tymi

re pluhuri

një re mushkonjash

një re zogjsh

(less literally)
(figurative) cloud, gloom, bad luck


re

From Proto-Albanian *raida, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂rey- (“reason, count”). Cognate with Latin rātiō (“reason, judgment”), Old Norse ráða, English read.


kali

definite nominative singular and indefinite dative/ablative singular of kalë


broke

indefinite dative/ablative singular of brokë


an

Possibly a metaphorical use of anë (“vessel”).


dua

From Proto-Albanian *dēma, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₁mn̥, from the root *deh₁- (“band”). Cognate to Ancient Greek -δημα (-dēma, “band”) and Sanskrit दमान् (dā́man-, “band”).


vapor

sq-noun

vapor m (plural vapori, definite vaporë)

(archaic) steam engine; steam locomotive


ber

ber m (plural berë, definite beri, definite plural berët)

berë (plural)
beri (definite)
berët (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *bōr-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰōrs-, from root *bʰers- (“point, tip bolt”). Cognate to Old Irish barr (“point”).

European whipsnake (Dolichophis jugularis, syn. Coluber jugularis)


she

she m (plural she, definite sheu, definite plural shetë)

she (plural)
sheu (definite)
shetë (definite plural)
she (indefinite nominative singular)
sheu (definite nominative singular)
she (indefinite nominative plural)
shetë (definite nominative plural)
she (accusative indefinite singular)
sheun (accusative definite singular)
she (accusative indefinite plural)
shetë (accusative definite plural)
sheu (dative indefinite singular)
sheut (dative definite singular)
sheve (dative indefinite plural)
sheve (dative definite plural)
sheu (ablative indefinite singular)
sheut (ablative definite singular)
shesh (ablative indefinite plural)
sheve (ablative definite plural)


suka

inflection of sukë:
definite nominative singular

inflection of sukë:
indefinite nominative/accusative plural


lend

lendi (definite)
lenda (plural)
lende (plural)


bend

From Proto-Indo-European *band (“drop”). Compare Phrygian βεδυ (bedu, “water”), Sanskrit बिन्दु (bindú, “drop”), Middle Irish banna, baina (“drop”) and possibly Latin Fōns Bandusiae.


shat

From Proto-Albanian *śaktā, from Proto-Indo-European *sēk-teh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”). Cognate to Latin secula (“sickle”), sacena (“pick-axe of the pontifix”).


hide

hide f (plural hide, definite hidja, definite plural hidet)

hide (plural)
hidja (definite)
hidet (definite plural)

Ziziphus jujuba
Ziziphus jujuba#Translingual


fit

Back-formation from fitoj (“to profit”).


bir

bir m (plural bij, definite biri, definite plural bijtë)

bij (plural)
biri (definite)
bijtë (definite plural)
bir (indefinite nominative singular)
biri (definite nominative singular)
bij (indefinite nominative plural)
bijtë (definite nominative plural)
bir (accusative indefinite singular)
birin (accusative definite singular)
bij (accusative indefinite plural)
bijtë (accusative definite plural)
biri (dative indefinite singular)
birit (dative definite singular)
bijve (dative indefinite plural)
bijve (dative definite plural)
biri (ablative indefinite singular)
birit (ablative definite singular)
bijsh (ablative indefinite plural)
bijve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *bira, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (compare Old English byre, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂 (baur, “son”)). Phonetically and semantically close to Messapic *bilia (“daughter”) and *biles (“son”), Matzinger reconstructs two different stems: pre-Albanian *bʰi-ro- and pre-Messapic *bʰi-lo-, both from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become”); compare Ancient Greek φῦλον (phûlon, “race, tribe”).


kral

sq-noun

kral m (plural kralë, definite krali, definite plural kralët)

kralë (plural)
krali (definite)
kralët (definite plural)

čiš ko mę bǫ biri i kralit păr me dit kuš ăšt ai̯ǫ́?

1937, Carlo Tagliavini, compiler, L'albanese di Dalmazia, page 51, line 13:

what does the son of the king have to do to know who she is?

(northeastern Gheg) Alternative form of krajl


lem

lem m (plural leme, definite lemi, definite plural lemet)

leme (plural)
lemi (definite)
lemet (definite plural)
lem (indefinite nominative singular)
lemi (definite nominative singular)
leme (indefinite nominative plural)
lemet (definite nominative plural)
lem (accusative indefinite singular)
lemin (accusative definite singular)
leme (accusative indefinite plural)
lemet (accusative definite plural)
lemi (dative indefinite singular)
lemit (dative definite singular)
lemeve (dative indefinite plural)
lemeve (dative definite plural)
lemi (ablative indefinite singular)
lemit (ablative definite singular)
lemesh (ablative indefinite plural)
lemeve (ablative definite plural)

Possibly from a Proto-Albanian *leudno, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“man, people”). Alternatively formed from polem.


et

sq-noun

et f (plural etje, definite etja, definite plural etjet)

etje (plural)
etja (definite)
etjet (definite plural)

Uncertain. Attested as "het" in Bogdani. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *i̯et (“to set out for; to strive”). Compare Old Irish ét (“thirst”), Irish éad (“eagerness, jealousy”), Latin sitis (“thirst”), Tocharian A yat (“reach, get”). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *eus-ti-, cognate to Greek αἰτέω (aitéō, “to demand, to beg”). Orel suggests Proto-Albanian *alk-ti-, drawing comparisons to Lithuanian álkti (“to be hungry”), Proto-Slavic *olkati (“id.”), and Old High German ilgi (“hunger”).


penis

sq-noun

penis m (plural penisë, definite penisi, definite plural penisët)

penisë (plural)
penisi (definite)
penisët (definite plural)
penis (indefinite nominative singular)
penisi (definite nominative singular)
penisë (indefinite nominative plural)
penisët (definite nominative plural)
penis (accusative indefinite singular)
penisin (accusative definite singular)
penisë (accusative indefinite plural)
penisët (accusative definite plural)
penisi (dative indefinite singular)
penisit (dative definite singular)
penisëve (dative indefinite plural)
penisëve (dative definite plural)
penisi (ablative indefinite singular)
penisit (ablative definite singular)
penisësh (ablative indefinite plural)
penisëve (ablative definite plural)

A ka rëndësi madhësia e penisit tim?


piano

piano f (plural piano, definite pianoja, definite plural pianot)

piano (plural)
pianoja (definite)
pianot (definite plural)


push

push m (plural pusha, definite pushi, definite plural pushat)

pusha (plural)
pushi (definite)
pushat (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *puša, from *puksja, from Proto-Indo-European *pewk- (“covered with hair, bushy”). Related to Sanskrit पुच्छ (púccha, “tail”), Proto-Slavic *puxъ (“down”).


fil

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish فیل (fil).


hare

haré (canonical feminine)
haréja (definite)

Likely borrowed from Greek χαρά (chará, “joy”).

Cuur te dritta δeu me ɔpii / u sbuλúa je deiti / si garea cὺ deλ pyr siiɔ, […]

1873, Girolamo de Rada, Canti di Milosao, canto 1, page 14, lines 12–14:

When, at dawn, the earth and the house / were uncovered, and the sea, / as joy that comes out of eyes, […]


mal

sq-noun

mal m (plural male, definite mali, definite plural malet)

male (plural)
mali (definite)
malet (definite plural)
mal (indefinite nominative singular)
mali (definite nominative singular)
male (indefinite nominative plural)
malet (definite nominative plural)
mal (accusative indefinite singular)
malin (accusative definite singular)
male (accusative indefinite plural)
malet (accusative definite plural)
mali (dative indefinite singular)
malit (dative definite singular)
maleve (dative indefinite plural)
maleve (dative definite plural)
mali (ablative indefinite singular)
malit (ablative definite singular)
malesh (ablative indefinite plural)
maleve (ablative definite plural)

Aromanian: mal, meal

Romanian: mal (“shore”)

Ancient Greek language
Avestan language
Basque language
Illyrian language
Latvian language
Lithuanian language
Malayalam language
Old English language
Proto-Albanian language
Proto-Indo-European language
Sanskrit language
Tamil language
Vladimir Orel
sq:Mali (gjeografi)
substrate languages

From Proto-Albanian *mala, from Illyrian *mol-on. Vladimir Orel proposed Lithuanian malà (“land”) and Latvian mala (“bank, shore”) as cognates. Proto-Albanian *mal- reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym. Preserved in patroynms, ethnonym malësor (“highlander, mountaineer”), in toponym (historical and ethnographic region) Malësia (north Albania and Montenegro). In Kosovo (Malishevë, Gjilan, Mališevo, Prizren), in Serbia (Maleševo (Golubac), Maleševo (Rekovac)) and the name of Maleshevo Mountain (North Macedonia and Bulgaria). Gil'Ferding proposed Sanskrit मरु (marú, “wilderness, mountain, rock”) as a cognate.
According to Michel Morvan a common pre-Indo-European substrate with Basque malda (“slope”) and malkor (“precipice”) (cf. pre-Indo-European geonymic root *mal (*mel, *mol), Tamil மலை (malai, “hill, mountain”) and Malayalam മല (mala, “id”)).
La Piana and Huld suggested Old English molda (“forehead”) and Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhan, “head, top, summit”), both derived from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ. Also connected to Ancient Greek *μλωθρός (*mlōthrós), μέλαθρον (mélathron, “ridgepole”), βλαστάνω (blastánō, “to sprout, grow”). Compare also Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “lofty”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋 (ka-mər^əδō, “demon's head”), with a semantic development from ‘head’ > ‘summit’, compare malë (“tongue tip, tree top”)) > ‘mountain’.

cog-lite

Mali i Korabit

Kam marrë një mal me letra.


gem

Together with gemb, a phonetic variant of gjemb.


dry

sq-noun

dry m (plural dryna, definite dryni, definite plural drynat)

dryna (plural)
dryni (definite)
drynat (definite plural)
dry (indefinite nominative singular)
dryni (definite nominative singular)
dryna (indefinite nominative plural)
drynat (definite nominative plural)
dry (accusative indefinite singular)
drynin (accusative definite singular)
dryna (accusative indefinite plural)
drynat (accusative definite plural)
dryni (dative indefinite singular)
drynit (dative definite singular)
drynave (dative indefinite plural)
drynave (dative definite plural)
dryni (ablative indefinite singular)
drynit (ablative definite singular)
drynash (ablative indefinite plural)
drynave (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *drūna, from the same root as dru. Cognate to Sanskrit द्रुणा (druṇā, “bow”), Persian درونه (“rainbow”).


gram

From Vulgar Latin *grāma (see Spanish grama) from earlier Latin grāmĭna, plural of grāmen.


gram

gram m (plural grámë, definite grámi, definite plural grámët)

grámë (plural)
grámi (definite)
grámët (definite plural)
gram (indefinite nominative singular)
grami (definite nominative singular)
gramë (indefinite nominative plural)
gramët (definite nominative plural)
gram (accusative indefinite singular)
gramin (accusative definite singular)
gramë (accusative indefinite plural)
gramët (accusative definite plural)
grami (dative indefinite singular)
gramit (dative definite singular)
gramëve (dative indefinite plural)
gramëve (dative definite plural)
grami (ablative indefinite singular)
gramit (ablative definite singular)
gramësh (ablative indefinite plural)
gramëve (ablative definite plural)

Internationalism, compare English gram, Italian grammo.


short

short m (plural shórte, definite shórti, definite plural shórtet)

shórte (plural)
shórti (definite)
shórtet (definite plural)
short (indefinite nominative singular)
shorti (definite nominative singular)
shorte (indefinite nominative plural)
shortet (definite nominative plural)
short (accusative indefinite singular)
shortin (accusative definite singular)
shorte (accusative indefinite plural)
shortet (accusative definite plural)
shorti (dative indefinite singular)
shortit (dative definite singular)
shorteve (dative indefinite plural)
shorteve (dative definite plural)
shorti (ablative indefinite singular)
shortit (ablative definite singular)
shortesh (ablative indefinite plural)
shorteve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin sors, sortem.

drawing (action where the outcome is selected by chance using a draw)

(originally southern Gheg, Tirana) sweepstakes, lot, portion

(in the plural) stake, share, inheritance


mare

Plurale tantum; plural of variant marë, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin marum (“cat thyme, kind of sage”).

Arbutus unedo
Arbutus unedo#Translingual


han

han m (plural hane, definite hani, definite plural hanet)

hane (plural)
hani (definite)
hanet (definite plural)

(archaic) roadside shelter for travellers and their animals: roadside hostelry, caravanserai, inn

messy place with no control of who comes and who leaves, regular flophouse


fier

fieri (definite)
fier (indefinite nominative singular)
fieri (definite nominative singular)
fier (accusative indefinite singular)
fierin (accusative definite singular)
fieri (indefinite singular)
fierit (definite singular)

From Proto-Albanian *pʰera, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)perHom < *(s)perH- (“to fly”). Compare Proto-Slavic *pero (“feather”), English fern, Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Latvian spā̀rns (“wing”), Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “wing”). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *p(t)erH- (“fern”).


ah

ah m (plural ahe, definite ahu, definite plural ahet)

ahe (plural)
ahu (definite)
ahet (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *aksa, from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃s- (“ash”) (compare Greek οξιά (oxiá, “beech”), Armenian հածի (haci), English ash).

Fagus sylvatica
Fagus sylvatica#Translingual


mot

mot m (plural mote, definite moti, definite plural motet)

mote (plural)
moti (definite)
motet (definite plural)
mot (indefinite nominative singular)
moti (definite nominative singular)
mote (indefinite nominative plural)
motet (definite nominative plural)
mot (accusative indefinite singular)
motin (accusative definite singular)
mote (accusative indefinite plural)
motet (accusative definite plural)
moti (dative indefinite singular)
motit (dative definite singular)
moteve (dative indefinite plural)
moteve (dative definite plural)
moti (ablative indefinite singular)
motit (ablative definite singular)
motesh (ablative indefinite plural)
moteve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *māti (“time”), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₁tis (“measurement”), deverbative of *meh₁- (“to measure”); compare Old English mǣþ (“measure”), Lithuanian mẽtas (“time”), Ancient Greek μῆτις (mêtis, “plan”). Sense shift from ‘time’ to ‘weather, year, era’ influenced by Latin tempus (“time, weather”) (compare Romanian timp, French temps).


mike

mike f (plural mike, definite mikja, definite plural miket)

mike (plural)
mikja (definite)
miket (definite plural)
mike (indefinite nominative singular)
mikja (definite nominative singular)
mike (indefinite nominative plural)
miket (definite nominative plural)
mike (accusative indefinite singular)
miken (accusative definite singular)
mike (accusative indefinite plural)
miket (accusative definite plural)
mikeje (dative indefinite singular)
mikes (dative definite singular)
mikeve (dative indefinite plural)
mikeve (dative definite plural)
mikeje (ablative indefinite singular)
mikes (ablative definite singular)
mikesh (ablative indefinite plural)
mikeve (ablative definite plural)

female equivalent of mik (“friend”). female friend


fe

fe f (plural fe, definite feja, definite plural fetë)

fe (plural)
feja (definite)
fetë (definite plural)
fe (indefinite nominative singular)
feja (definite nominative singular)
fe (indefinite nominative plural)
fetë (definite nominative plural)
fe (accusative indefinite singular)
fenë (accusative definite singular)
fe (accusative indefinite plural)
fetë (accusative definite plural)
fejeje (dative indefinite singular)
fesë (dative definite singular)
feve (dative indefinite plural)
feve (dative definite plural)
fejeje (ablative indefinite singular)
fesë (ablative definite singular)
fesh (ablative indefinite plural)
feve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *fēdes, from Latin fidēs.


sulfur

sulfur m (plural sulfure, definite sulfuri, definite plural sulfuret)

sulfure (plural)
sulfuri (definite)
sulfuret (definite plural)
sulfur (indefinite nominative singular)
sulfuri (definite nominative singular)
sulfure (indefinite nominative plural)
sulfuret (definite nominative plural)
sulfur (accusative indefinite singular)
sulfurin (accusative definite singular)
sulfure (accusative indefinite plural)
sulfuret (accusative definite plural)
sulfuri (dative indefinite singular)
sulfurit (dative definite singular)
sulfureve (dative indefinite plural)
sulfureve (dative definite plural)
sulfuri (ablative indefinite singular)
sulfurit (ablative definite singular)
sulfuresh (ablative indefinite plural)
sulfureve (ablative definite plural)


li

Orel suggests from South Slavic, compare Serbo-Croatian lȉh (“exclusive”), lȋh (“false, odd”), Slovene lȋh (“uneven, odd”). However, generally thought to be from Ancient Greek εὐλογία (eulogía) "blessing", with a euphemistic sense development. Compare e.g. the euphemistic synonym "e lume" (the happy/blessed one)

olive scab, peacock spot (Cycloconium oleaginum)


li

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin līnum.


pis

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پیس (pis, “dirty, filthy, foul”).


pik

sq-noun

pik m (plural pikë, definite piku, definite plural pikët)

pikë (plural)
piku (definite)
pikët (definite plural)

A descriptive term, similar to Italian piccare (“to prick”).


shall

shall m (plural shalle, definite shalli, definite plural shallet)

shalle (plural)
shalli (definite)
shallet (definite plural)


bash

bash m (plural bashë, definite bashi, definite plural bashët)

bashë (plural)
bashi (definite)
bashët (definite plural)

From earlier *balsha, a derivative of ballë.


pe

pe m (plural penj, definite peri, definite plural penjtë)

penj (plural)
peri (definite)
penjtë (definite plural)

* From Proto-Albanian *petja, from Proto-Indo-European *petino-, from *pet- (“to spread out, to extend”) (compare English fathom). Alternatively from Latin pannus (“cloth, rag, garment”); cf. Greek πανί (paní).
* From Proto-Albanian *pena-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to draw”).


ar

ari (definite)
ar (indefinite nominative singular)
ari (definite nominative singular)
ar (accusative indefinite singular)
arin (accusative definite singular)
ari (indefinite singular)
arit (definite singular)

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin aurum (“gold”). Considering the rendering of Latin au- as Albanian ā-, it is a relatively archaic borrowing. Although Arbëresh dialects preserve the original Latin neuter, in standard Albanian it is masculine.

Të provuomitë e fesë saj të jetë mā e pāçmuome se ari.

The temptations of her religion are more precious than (the) gold.


ar

sq-noun

ar m (plural arë, definite ari, definite plural arët)

arë (plural)
ari (definite)
arët (definite plural)
ar (indefinite nominative singular)
ari (definite nominative singular)
arë (indefinite nominative plural)
arët (definite nominative plural)
ar (accusative indefinite singular)
arin (accusative definite singular)
arë (accusative indefinite plural)
arët (accusative definite plural)
ari (dative indefinite singular)
arit (dative definite singular)
arëve (dative indefinite plural)
arëve (dative definite plural)
ari (ablative indefinite singular)
arit (ablative definite singular)
arësh (ablative indefinite plural)
arëve (ablative definite plural)

(metric unit of measure:) 1 a = 100 (m²) square meters = ~119.6 square yards

(abbrev.)


legen

legen m (plural legena, definite legeni, definite plural legenat)

legena (plural)
legeni (definite)
legenat (definite plural)
legen (indefinite nominative singular)
legeni (definite nominative singular)
legena (indefinite nominative plural)
legenat (definite nominative plural)
legen (accusative indefinite singular)
legenin (accusative definite singular)
legena (accusative indefinite plural)
legenat (accusative definite plural)
legeni (dative indefinite singular)
legenit (dative definite singular)
legenave (dative indefinite plural)
legenave (dative definite plural)
legeni (ablative indefinite singular)
legenit (ablative definite singular)
legenash (ablative indefinite plural)
legenave (ablative definite plural)

From Ottoman Turkish لگن (leğen, “pelvis; large bowl, basin”), from Persian لگن (lagan), ultimately derived from Ancient Greek λεκάνη (lekánē).

bor

(colloquial, derogatory) fool, a laughable person


pot

sq-noun

pot m (plural pota, definite poti, definite plural potat)

pota (plural)
poti (definite)
potat (definite plural)


dash

dash m (plural desh, definite dashi, definite plural deshtë)

desh (plural)
dashi (definite)
deshtë (definite plural)

Potentially from Early Proto-Albanian *dauša, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s (compare English deer, Lithuanian daũsos (“upper air; heaven”)).


bari

bari m (plural barinj, definite bariu, definite plural barinjtë)

barinj (plural)
bariu (definite)
barinjtë (definite plural)
bari (indefinite nominative singular)
bariu (definite nominative singular)
barinj (indefinite nominative plural)
barinjtë (definite nominative plural)
bari (accusative indefinite singular)
bariun (accusative definite singular)
barinj (accusative indefinite plural)
barinjtë (accusative definite plural)
bariu (dative indefinite singular)
bariut (dative definite singular)
barinjve (dative indefinite plural)
barinjve (dative definite plural)
bariu (ablative indefinite singular)
bariut (ablative definite singular)
barinjsh (ablative indefinite plural)
barinjve (ablative definite plural)

Back-formation from plural barinjë, from earlier *bar, from Proto-Albanian *bara, from Proto-Indo-European *bher- (“to carry”). Compare Old High German baro (“man, husband”). A connection with ari (“bear”) has also been proposed (compare Basque hartz (“bear”) and Basque artzain (“shepherd”)), though ari was originally arth prior to the loss of the -th ending by mistake.


pop

popa (plural)
pop (indefinite nominative singular)
popi (definite nominative singular)
popa (indefinite nominative plural)
popat (definite nominative plural)
pop (accusative indefinite singular)
popin (accusative definite singular)
popa (accusative indefinite plural)
popat (accusative definite plural)
popi (dative indefinite singular)
popit (dative definite singular)
popave (dative indefinite plural)
popave (dative definite plural)
popi (ablative indefinite singular)
popit (ablative definite singular)
popash (ablative indefinite plural)
popave (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from South Slavic. Compare Bulgarian поп (pop), Serbo-Croatian поп／pȍp.


banjo

banjo f (plural banjo, definite banjoja)

Borrowed from Italian bagno. Compare Greek μπάνιο (bánio).

Ndërkaq atë fletore Flora Drishti e kishte fshehur në banjo, prapa arkës së ujit të nevojtores.

Meanwhile Flora Drishti had hidden that notebook in the bathroom, behind the tank of the toilet.


cigare

cigare f (plural cigare, definite cigarja, definite plural cigaret)

cigare (plural)
cigarja (definite)
cigaret (definite plural)


baba

babá m (plural baballárë, definite babái)

babá (canonical masculine)
baballárë (plural)
babái (definite)

From Ottoman Turkish بابا (baba), whence Turkish baba.


baba

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nl

inflection of bábë:
definite nominative singular

inflection of bábë:
indefinite nominative/accusative plural


lug

sq-noun

lug m (plural lugje, definite lugu, definite plural lugjet)

lugje (plural)
lugu (definite)
lugjet (definite plural)
lug (indefinite nominative singular)
lugu (definite nominative singular)
lugje (indefinite nominative plural)
lugjet (definite nominative plural)
lug (accusative indefinite singular)
lugun (accusative definite singular)
lugje (accusative indefinite plural)
lugjet (accusative definite plural)
lugu (dative indefinite singular)
lugut (dative definite singular)
lugjeve (dative indefinite plural)
lugjeve (dative definite plural)
lugu (ablative indefinite singular)
lugut (ablative definite singular)
lugjesh (ablative indefinite plural)
lugjeve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *lug(ā), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leuK- (“to gulp/drink (down), swallow”). Cognate to Lithuanian liũgas (“morass”), Old Norse slok (“trough, spillway”), Middle High German slūch (“gulf, abyss”).

cog

valley (between mountains or hills through which a river or creek flows)


pare

sq-noun

pare f (plural páre, definite párja, definite plural páret)

páre (plural)
párja (definite)
páret (definite plural)

Singularized plural of Proto-Albanian *par continuing Proto-Albanian *para. See Lithuanian periù~perti.


pare

páre (plural)
párja (definite)
páret (definite plural)
pare (indefinite nominative singular)
parja (definite nominative singular)
pare (indefinite nominative plural)
paret (definite nominative plural)
pare (accusative indefinite singular)
paren (accusative definite singular)
pare (accusative indefinite plural)
paret (accusative definite plural)
pareje (dative indefinite singular)
pares (dative definite singular)
pareve (dative indefinite plural)
pareve (dative definite plural)
pareje (ablative indefinite singular)
pares (ablative definite singular)
paresh (ablative indefinite plural)
pareve (ablative definite plural)


bar

barëra (plural)
bar (indefinite nominative singular)
bari (definite nominative singular)
barëra (indefinite nominative plural)
barërat (definite nominative plural)
bar (accusative indefinite singular)
barin (accusative definite singular)
barëra (accusative indefinite plural)
barërat (accusative definite plural)
bari (dative indefinite singular)
barit (dative definite singular)
barërave (dative indefinite plural)
barërave (dative definite plural)
bari (ablative indefinite singular)
barit (ablative definite singular)
barërash (ablative indefinite plural)
barërave (ablative definite plural)

Uncertain. Possibly:
# From Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“tip, point”), whence also Latin far (“emmer, spelt”), Proto-Germanic *baraz (“barley”) and Proto-Slavic *boršьno (“flour”).
# Akin to Ancient Greek φάρμακον (phármakon, “drug, medicine”), from a tentative common Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer- (“cure with herbs”).
# From Proto-Indo-European *bʰewH- (“to grow”), whence also Ancient Greek φυτόν (phutón, “plant”), Old Armenian բոյս (boys, “plant”).
Sense 4 is likely a semantic loan from English weed, French herbe or Italian erba.


bar

barna (indefinite)
bar (indefinite nominative singular)
bari (definite nominative singular)
barna (indefinite nominative plural)
barnat (definite nominative plural)
bar (accusative indefinite singular)
barin (accusative definite singular)
barna (accusative indefinite plural)
barnat (accusative definite plural)
bari (dative indefinite singular)
barit (dative definite singular)
barnave (dative indefinite plural)
barnave (dative definite plural)
bari (ablative indefinite singular)
barit (ablative definite singular)
barnash (ablative indefinite plural)
barnave (ablative definite plural)

(figurative) solution (for a difficult situation)


bar

bare (plural)
bar (indefinite nominative singular)
bari (definite nominative singular)
bare (indefinite nominative plural)
baret (definite nominative plural)
bar (accusative indefinite singular)
barin (accusative definite singular)
bare (accusative indefinite plural)
baret (accusative definite plural)
bari (dative indefinite singular)
barit (dative definite singular)
bareve (dative indefinite plural)
bareve (dative definite plural)
bari (ablative indefinite singular)
barit (ablative definite singular)
baresh (ablative indefinite plural)
bareve (ablative definite plural)

Internationalism, ultimately from English bar.


bar

barë (plural)
bar (indefinite nominative singular)
bari (definite nominative singular)
barë (indefinite nominative plural)
barët (definite nominative plural)
bar (accusative indefinite singular)
barin (accusative definite singular)
barë (accusative indefinite plural)
barët (accusative definite plural)
bari (dative indefinite singular)
barit (dative definite singular)
barëve (dative indefinite plural)
barëve (dative definite plural)
bari (ablative indefinite singular)
barit (ablative definite singular)
barësh (ablative indefinite plural)
barëve (ablative definite plural)

Internationalism, compare German Bar, French bar, English bar, ultimately from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros).


mug

sq-noun

mug m (plural mugje, definite mugu, definite plural mugjet)

mugje (plural)
mugu (definite)
mugjet (definite plural)
mug (indefinite nominative singular)
mugu (definite nominative singular)
mugje (indefinite nominative plural)
mugjet (definite nominative plural)
mug (accusative indefinite singular)
mugun (accusative definite singular)
mugje (accusative indefinite plural)
mugjet (accusative definite plural)
mugu (dative indefinite singular)
mugut (dative definite singular)
mugjeve (dative indefinite plural)
mugjeve (dative definite plural)
mugu (ablative indefinite singular)
mugut (ablative definite singular)
mugjesh (ablative indefinite plural)
mugjeve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *smuga, cognate to Old English smoca (“smoke”), Old Irish múch (“smoke”), Armenian մուխ (mux).


eth

Unclear. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *audaz (“wealth, riches”), hence Old Saxon ōd, Old High German ōt, Old Norse auðr Icelandic auður.


edh

sq-noun

edh m (plural edha, definite edhi, definite plural edhat)

edha (plural)
edhi (definite)
edhat (definite plural)
edh (indefinite nominative singular)
edhi (definite nominative singular)
edha (indefinite nominative plural)
edhat (definite nominative plural)
edh (accusative indefinite singular)
edhin (accusative definite singular)
edha (accusative indefinite plural)
edhat (accusative definite plural)
edhi (dative indefinite singular)
edhit (dative definite singular)
edhave (dative indefinite plural)
edhave (dative definite plural)
edhi (ablative indefinite singular)
edhit (ablative definite singular)
edhash (ablative indefinite plural)
edhave (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *aidza, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (compare Ancient Greek αἴξ (aíx), Armenian այծ (ayc), Lithuanian ožỹs).


nur

nur m (plural nure, definite nuri, definite plural nuret)

nure (plural)
nuri (definite)
nuret (definite plural)

From Turkish nur, from Arabic نور (“light”).


dem

dem m (plural dema, definite demi, definite plural demat)

dema (plural)
demi (definite)
demat (definite plural)
dem (indefinite nominative singular)
demi (definite nominative singular)
dema (indefinite nominative plural)
demat (definite nominative plural)
dem (accusative indefinite singular)
demin (accusative definite singular)
dema (accusative indefinite plural)
demat (accusative definite plural)
demi (dative indefinite singular)
demit (dative definite singular)
demave (dative indefinite plural)
demave (dative definite plural)
demi (ablative indefinite singular)
demit (ablative definite singular)
demash (ablative indefinite plural)
demave (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *dama, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂ós (“bull”) (compare Irish damh, Ancient Greek δάμαλος (dámalos, “calf”)), from *demh₂- (“to tame”) (compare Latin domō, English tame).


log

log m (plural logje, definite logu, definite plural logjet)

logje (plural)
logu (definite)
logjet (definite plural)
log (indefinite nominative singular)
logu (definite nominative singular)
logje (indefinite nominative plural)
logjet (definite nominative plural)
log (accusative indefinite singular)
logun (accusative definite singular)
logje (accusative indefinite plural)
logjet (accusative definite plural)
logu (dative indefinite singular)
logut (dative definite singular)
logjeve (dative indefinite plural)
logjeve (dative definite plural)
logu (ablative indefinite singular)
logut (ablative definite singular)
logjesh (ablative indefinite plural)
logjeve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *lēga, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to put down, lie down”). Compare Old Frisian lōch, Dutch oorlog (“war”), Middle High German urlage (“fate, battle”), Old English log (“place”), Old Norse løgi (“tranquillity”), Greek λόχος (lóchos, “confinement”), Tocharian A lake, Tocharian B leke (“lair”), Old Irish lige (“bad, grave”). Alternatively derived from Proto-Slavic *lǫgъ, compare Serbo-Croatian lug, Bulgarian лъг (lǎg).

cog

field (in a forest); flat ground, area, lawn


voce

sq-noun

vóce f (plural vóce, definite vócja, definite plural vócet); masculine equivalent vóc

vóce (canonical feminine)
masculine equivalent vóc (canonical)
vóce (plural)
vócja (definite)
vócet (definite plural)


rob

rob m (plural robër, definite robi, definite plural robërit)

rob m (plural rob, definite robi, definite plural robtë)

robër (plural)
robi (definite)
robërit (definite plural)
rob (plural)
robi (definite)
robtë (definite plural)

From a South Slavic language; compare Serbo-Croatian rob, Macedonian роб (rob), Bulgarian роб (rob), ultimately derived from Proto-Slavic *orbъ (“servant, slave”).


hark

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷos (“bow, arrow”).


fik

sq-noun

fik m (plural fiq, definite fiku, definite plural fiqtë)

fiq (plural)
fiku (definite)
fiqtë (definite plural)

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin fīcus.


mik

mik m (plural miq, definite miku, definite plural miqtë); feminine equivalent mike

mik (canonical masculine)
feminine equivalent mike (canonical)
miq (plural)
miku (definite)
miqtë (definite plural)
mik (indefinite nominative singular)
miku (definite nominative singular)
miq (indefinite nominative plural)
miqtë (definite nominative plural)
mik (accusative indefinite singular)
mikun (accusative definite singular)
miq (accusative indefinite plural)
miqtë (accusative definite plural)
miku (dative indefinite singular)
mikut (dative definite singular)
miqve (dative indefinite plural)
miqve (dative definite plural)
miku (ablative indefinite singular)
mikut (ablative definite singular)
miqsh (ablative indefinite plural)
miqve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin, from Latin amīcus (“friend”).

Ky është miku im. (Tosk)

Qiky âsht miki jêm. (Gheg)

Si një mik, si një shokë e jo me shumë

2010, Nora Istrefi, Dy shokë, Entermedia, pages:


kom

kom m (plural kome, definite komi, definite plural komet)

kome (plural)
komi (definite)
komet (definite plural)
kom (indefinite nominative singular)
komi (definite nominative singular)
kome (indefinite nominative plural)
komet (definite nominative plural)
kom (accusative indefinite singular)
komin (accusative definite singular)
kome (accusative indefinite plural)
komet (accusative definite plural)
komi (dative indefinite singular)
komit (dative definite singular)
komeve (dative indefinite plural)
komeve (dative definite plural)
komi (ablative indefinite singular)
komit (ablative definite singular)
komesh (ablative indefinite plural)
komeve (ablative definite plural)

(in the singular) hair, fur (of a horse)


ter

ter m (plural tera, definite teri, definite plural terat)

tera (plural)
teri (definite)
terat (definite plural)
ter (indefinite nominative singular)
teri (definite nominative singular)
tera (indefinite nominative plural)
terat (definite nominative plural)
ter (accusative indefinite singular)
terin (accusative definite singular)
tera (accusative indefinite plural)
terat (accusative definite plural)
teri (dative indefinite singular)
terit (dative definite singular)
terave (dative indefinite plural)
terave (dative definite plural)
teri (ablative indefinite singular)
terit (ablative definite singular)
terash (ablative indefinite plural)
terave (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *taura, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.


ren

The Tosk (Çamërisht, Arbëreshë/Arvanite) and also Old Albanian form of Standard Albanian re (“cloud, clouds”).


aft

aft m (plural afte, definite afti, definite plural aftet)

afte (plural)
afti (definite)
aftet (definite plural)
aft (indefinite nominative singular)
afti (definite nominative singular)
afte (indefinite nominative plural)
aftet (definite nominative plural)
aft (accusative indefinite singular)
aftin (accusative definite singular)
afte (accusative indefinite plural)
aftet (accusative definite plural)
afti (dative indefinite singular)
aftit (dative definite singular)
afteve (dative indefinite plural)
afteve (dative definite plural)
afti (ablative indefinite singular)
aftit (ablative definite singular)
aftesh (ablative indefinite plural)
afteve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *aweita, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁-. Compare Ancient Greek ἀῦτμη (aûtmē, “breath”), Welsh awel (“breeze”).


arti

arti m (plural artinj, definite artiri, definite plural artinjtë)

artinj (plural)
artiri (definite)
artinjtë (definite plural)

(botany) Bosnian pine (Pinus heldreichii)


top

top m (plural topa, definite topi, definite plural topat)

topa (plural)
topi (definite)
topat (definite plural)
top (indefinite nominative singular)
topi (definite nominative singular)
topa (indefinite nominative plural)
topat (definite nominative plural)
top (accusative indefinite singular)
topin (accusative definite singular)
topa (accusative indefinite plural)
topat (accusative definite plural)
topi (dative indefinite singular)
topit (dative definite singular)
topave (dative indefinite plural)
topave (dative definite plural)
topi (ablative indefinite singular)
topit (ablative definite singular)
topash (ablative indefinite plural)
topave (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top).


cup

cup m (plural cupe, definite cupi, definite plural cupet)

cupe (plural)
cupi (definite)
cupet (definite plural)
cup (indefinite nominative singular)
cupi (definite nominative singular)
cupe (indefinite nominative plural)
cupet (definite nominative plural)
cup (accusative indefinite singular)
cupin (accusative definite singular)
cupe (accusative indefinite plural)
cupet (accusative definite plural)
cupi (dative indefinite singular)
cupit (dative definite singular)
cupeve (dative indefinite plural)
cupeve (dative definite plural)
cupi (ablative indefinite singular)
cupit (ablative definite singular)
cupesh (ablative indefinite plural)
cupeve (ablative definite plural)


alarm

alárm m (plural alárme, definite alármi, definite plural alármet)

alárm (canonical masculine)
alárme (plural)
alármi (definite)
alármet (definite plural)
alarm (indefinite nominative singular)
alarmi (definite nominative singular)
alarme (indefinite nominative plural)
alarmet (definite nominative plural)
alarm (accusative indefinite singular)
alarmin (accusative definite singular)
alarme (accusative indefinite plural)
alarmet (accusative definite plural)
alarmi (dative indefinite singular)
alarmit (dative definite singular)
alarmeve (dative indefinite plural)
alarmeve (dative definite plural)
alarmi (ablative indefinite singular)
alarmit (ablative definite singular)
alarmesh (ablative indefinite plural)
alarmeve (ablative definite plural)


trap

Either a t- prefixed form of *rap, related to rrap (cf. Old Norse raptr (“rafter”), English raft), or akin to Proto-Germanic *trap-, compare Old High German trappa, trapa (“trap, snare”), German Treppe (“step, stair”), Old English treppan (“to step, tread”), English trap.


shark

shell (of certain fruits like nuts, hazel, chestnut etc)

skin (that covers the seed of certain fruits like peach, grape, prunes etc)


ago

From Ottoman Turkish آغا (ağa) (compare Turkish ağa) or Greek άγιος (ágios).


bark

sq-noun

bark m (plural barqe, definite barku, definite plural barqet)

barqe (plural)
barku (definite)
barqet (definite plural)
bark (indefinite nominative singular)
barku (definite nominative singular)
barqe (indefinite nominative plural)
barqet (definite nominative plural)
bark (accusative indefinite singular)
barkun (accusative definite singular)
barqe (accusative indefinite plural)
barqet (accusative definite plural)
barku (dative indefinite singular)
barkut (dative definite singular)
barqeve (dative indefinite plural)
barqeve (dative definite plural)
barku (ablative indefinite singular)
barkut (ablative definite singular)
barqesh (ablative indefinite plural)
barqeve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *báruka, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-uko-, from *bʰer- (“to carry”). Compare Messapic βάρυκα (báruka). A doublet of bie, barrë, and barrë.

stomach or intestines as parts of the digestive system

Motër e vëlla nga dy barqe

all offspring a mother births to with the same male (human or animal)

Janë të një barku

(ethnography) lineage, all offspring of the same mother

Bark pas barku

Mur me bark

(figurative, colloquial) interior part of an object, the hollow part

Barku i javës

(in the singular) the middle part of timeline

Me gjithë bark

(figurative, colloquial) heart (in the sense of bravery)


ane

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂en- (“ancestor”). Cognate to Old High German ano (“grandfather, great-grandfather, forefather”), ana (“grandmother, great-grandmother, ancestress”), Old Prussian ane (“old mother”), Lithuanian anýta (“mother-in-law”).


film

sq-noun

film m (plural filma, definite filmi, definite plural filmat)

filma (plural)
filmi (definite)
filmat (definite plural)
film (indefinite nominative singular)
filmi (definite nominative singular)
filma (indefinite nominative plural)
filmat (definite nominative plural)
film (accusative indefinite singular)
filmin (accusative definite singular)
filma (accusative indefinite plural)
filmat (accusative definite plural)
filmi (dative indefinite singular)
filmit (dative definite singular)
filmave (dative indefinite plural)
filmave (dative definite plural)
filmi (ablative indefinite singular)
filmit (ablative definite singular)
filmash (ablative indefinite plural)
filmave (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from French film, from English film.


hotel

hotel m (plural hotele, definite hoteli, definite plural hotelet)

hotele (plural)
hoteli (definite)
hotelet (definite plural)


uni

From Proto-Albanian *un-, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to love”). Cognate to English wish, Latin venia (“indulgence, kindness”).


shah

shah m (plural shahë, definite shahu, definite plural shahët)

shahë (plural)
shahu (definite)
shahët (definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish شاه (shâh), from Persian شاه (šâh).

check (as it pertains to a game of chess)

(also in the plural) a ruler in some Eastern regions (Iran, etc.)


maj

From Latin Maius. Compare Aromanian maiu, Romanian mai, Greek Μάιος (Máios).


maj

maj m (plural maji, definite maja, definite plural majat)

maji (plural)
maja (definite)
majat (definite plural)

From Latin malleus. Compare Romanian mai, Italian maglio.


bum

From English boom with orthographic adaptation.


veri

verí m (plural -, definite veríu, definite plural -)

verí (canonical masculine)
veríu (definite)
veri (indefinite nominative singular)
veriu (definite nominative singular)
veri (accusative indefinite singular)
veriun (accusative definite singular)
veriu (indefinite singular)
veriut (definite singular)

According to British linguist Stuart E. Mann the etymology of veri (“north (wind)”) is uncertain.

veriu dhe jugu

fryn veriu

the north wind blows (albanian song title)


kala

kala f (plural kala, definite kalaja, definite plural kalatë)

kala (plural)
kalaja (definite)
kalatë (definite plural)
kala (indefinite nominative singular)
kalaja (definite nominative singular)
kala (indefinite nominative plural)
kalatë (definite nominative plural)
kala (accusative indefinite singular)
kalanë (accusative definite singular)
kala (accusative indefinite plural)
kalatë (accusative definite plural)
kalajeje (dative indefinite singular)
kalasë (dative definite singular)
kalave (dative indefinite plural)
kalave (dative definite plural)
kalajeje (ablative indefinite singular)
kalasë (ablative definite singular)
kalash (ablative indefinite plural)
kalave (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kale), from Persian قلعه (qal'e), from Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa).

u bë kala

(figurative) hurdle, obstacle: something difficult to be overcome only by great effort


trill

trill m or f (plural trillime, definite trilli, definite plural trillimet)

trillime (plural)
trilli (definite)
trillimet (definite plural)


term

term m (plural terma, definite terma, definite plural termat)

terma (plural)
terma (definite)
termat (definite plural)


dell

dell m (plural dej, definite delli, definite plural dejtë)

dej (plural)
delli (definite)
dejtë (definite plural)
dell (indefinite nominative singular)
delli (definite nominative singular)
dej (indefinite nominative plural)
dejtë (definite nominative plural)
dell (accusative indefinite singular)
dellin (accusative definite singular)
dej (accusative indefinite plural)
dejtë (accusative definite plural)
delli (dative indefinite singular)
dellit (dative definite singular)
dejve (dative indefinite plural)
dejve (dative definite plural)
delli (ablative indefinite singular)
dellit (ablative definite singular)
dejsh (ablative indefinite plural)
dejve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *daislā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-slo (compare Latin fīlum, Lithuanian gýsla, Serbo-Croatian žȉla).


perineum

perineumi (definite)
perineum (indefinite nominative singular)
perineumi (definite nominative singular)
perineum (accusative indefinite singular)
perineumin (accusative definite singular)
perineumi (indefinite singular)
perineumit (definite singular)


abaci

abaci f (plural abací, definite abacía, definite plural abacítë)

abací (plural)
abacía (definite)
abacítë (definite plural)
abaci (indefinite nominative singular)
abacia (definite nominative singular)
abaci (indefinite nominative plural)
abacitë (definite nominative plural)
abaci (accusative indefinite singular)
abacinë (accusative definite singular)
abaci (accusative indefinite plural)
abacitë (accusative definite plural)
abacie (dative indefinite singular)
abacisë (dative definite singular)
abacive (dative indefinite plural)
abacive (dative definite plural)
abacie (ablative indefinite singular)
abacisë (ablative definite singular)
abacish (ablative indefinite plural)
abacive (ablative definite plural)

From Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin abbātia.


lez

lez m (plural lezë, definite lezi, definite plural lezët)

lezë (plural)
lezi (definite)
lezët (definite plural)

From fuller and dialectal lemzë, diminutive in -zë ~ ëz of dialectal lem (“birth; rise”), deverbative of lej (“to give birth”); the original meaning would have been ‘birthmark’.

(dialectal) mark, spot, pimple, birthmark


stan

stane (plural)
stani (definite)
stan (indefinite nominative singular)
stani (definite nominative singular)
stane (indefinite nominative plural)
stanet (definite nominative plural)
stan (accusative indefinite singular)
stanin (accusative definite singular)
stane (accusative indefinite plural)
stanet (accusative definite plural)
stani (dative indefinite singular)
stanit (dative definite singular)
staneve (dative indefinite plural)
staneve (dative definite plural)
stani (ablative indefinite singular)
stanit (ablative definite singular)
stanesh (ablative indefinite plural)
staneve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from South Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *stanъ (“camp”).

Kur më vjen burri nga stani // kur më vjen ×3 // fërr-fërr-fërr më bën fustani // fërr-fërr-fërr ×3

1910–1947, “Kur më vjen burri nga stani”, Lasgush Poradeci (lyrics), Kristo Kono (music), performed by Tefta Tashko:

When my husband comes from the barn furr-furr-furr my dress flies.

place with huts and pens for shepherds and cattle; shed, fold, barn; hut, shelter


lab

* From lëpe, lëbozë. Historically the inhabitants of the Labëria (“the land of lab”) region. Compare Illyrian *Labeati.
* Alternatively a back-formation based on Labëri (“Laberia”), borrowed from an unattested South Slavic *labanьja < *olbanьja, rendering the native pre-Albanian name of the country; Albania, Ἀλβανία (Albanía). However, this is doubtful.

(male person from Labëri (“land of lab”), Labëria (“the land of lab”))


fund

fund m (plural funde, definite fundi, definite plural fundet)

funde (plural)
fundi (definite)
fundet (definite plural)
fund (indefinite nominative singular)
fundi (definite nominative singular)
funde (indefinite nominative plural)
fundet (definite nominative plural)
fund (accusative indefinite singular)
fundin (accusative definite singular)
funde (accusative indefinite plural)
fundet (accusative definite plural)
fundi (dative indefinite singular)
fundit (dative definite singular)
fundeve (dative indefinite plural)
fundeve (dative definite plural)
fundi (ablative indefinite singular)
fundit (ablative definite singular)
fundesh (ablative indefinite plural)
fundeve (ablative definite plural)


bun

bun m (plural bune, definite buni, definite plural bunet)

bune (plural)
buni (definite)
bunet (definite plural)
bun (indefinite nominative singular)
buni (definite nominative singular)
bune (indefinite nominative plural)
bunet (definite nominative plural)
bun (accusative indefinite singular)
bunin (accusative definite singular)
bune (accusative indefinite plural)
bunet (accusative definite plural)
buni (dative indefinite singular)
bunit (dative definite singular)
buneve (dative indefinite plural)
buneve (dative definite plural)
buni (ablative indefinite singular)
bunit (ablative definite singular)
bunesh (ablative indefinite plural)
buneve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *bhunā. Compare Illyrian *bounon. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- (“to be wake, keep watch”).

der

hut (of mountain shepherds), chalet, fenced area (for cattle)


mel

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin milium.


det

sq-noun

det m (plural dete, definite deti, definite plural detet)

dete (plural)
deti (definite)
detet (definite plural)
det (indefinite nominative singular)
deti (definite nominative singular)
dete (indefinite nominative plural)
detet (definite nominative plural)
det (accusative indefinite singular)
detin (accusative definite singular)
dete (accusative indefinite plural)
detet (accusative definite plural)
deti (dative indefinite singular)
detit (dative definite singular)
deteve (dative indefinite plural)
deteve (dative definite plural)
deti (ablative indefinite singular)
detit (ablative definite singular)
detesh (ablative indefinite plural)
deteve (ablative definite plural)

Shortening of dialectal dēt (South Gheg), from archaic Arbëreshë dejt, dejët, from Proto-Albanian *deubeta, from pre-Albanian *dʰéubʰetos, enlargement of Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰos (“deep”), from *dʰewbʰ- (compare English deep, Lithuanian dubùs). Hyllested proposes a loanword from Greek δέλτα.


nip

nip m (plural nipër, definite nipi, definite plural nipërt)

nipër (plural)
nipi (definite)
nipërt (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *nepō, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts (“grandson, nephew”). Cognate to Latin nepos (“grandson”) and Sanskrit नपात् (nápat-, “grandson”). Reinforcement/influence or a borrowing from Latin is also possible.


kot

From Proto-Albanian *kāta, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kHtos (“shade, shadow, darkness”). Compare Old Irish scáth (“shadow”), Ancient Greek σκότος (skótos, “darkness”), Sanskrit छत्त्र (chattra, “umbrella”), English shadow.


telefon

sq-noun

telefon m (plural telefona, definite telefoni, definite plural telefonat)

telefona (plural)
telefoni (definite)
telefonat (definite plural)
telefon (indefinite nominative singular)
telefoni (definite nominative singular)
telefona (indefinite nominative plural)
telefonat (definite nominative plural)
telefon (accusative indefinite singular)
telefonin (accusative definite singular)
telefona (accusative indefinite plural)
telefonat (accusative definite plural)
telefoni (dative indefinite singular)
telefonit (dative definite singular)
telefonave (dative indefinite plural)
telefonave (dative definite plural)
telefoni (ablative indefinite singular)
telefonit (ablative definite singular)
telefonash (ablative indefinite plural)
telefonave (ablative definite plural)

From English telephone or French téléphone, ultimately from Ancient Greek τῆλε (têle, “afar”) + φωνή (phōnḗ, “voice, sound”).


ligare

Vitex agnus-castus
Vitex agnus-castus#Translingual


ode

ode f (plural ode, definite odja, definite plural odet)

ode (plural)
odja (definite)
odet (definite plural)
ode (indefinite nominative singular)
oda (definite nominative singular)
ode (indefinite nominative plural)
odet (definite nominative plural)
ode (accusative indefinite singular)
oden (accusative definite singular)
ode (accusative indefinite plural)
odet (accusative definite plural)
ode (dative indefinite singular)
odes (dative definite singular)
odeve (dative indefinite plural)
odeve (dative definite plural)
ode (ablative indefinite singular)
odes (ablative definite singular)
odesh (ablative indefinite plural)
odeve (ablative definite plural)

Ultimately from Late Latin oda, from Ancient Greek ᾠδή (ōidḗ, “song”).

(literary) ode: lyric poem or solemn song


tren

tren m (plural trena, definite treni, definite plural trenat)

trena (plural)
treni (definite)
trenat (definite plural)


lis

lis m (plural lisa, definite lisi, definite plural lisat)

lisa (plural)
lisi (definite)
lisat (definite plural)
lis (indefinite nominative singular)
lisi (definite nominative singular)
lisa (indefinite nominative plural)
lisat (definite nominative plural)
lis (accusative indefinite singular)
lisin (accusative definite singular)
lisa (accusative indefinite plural)
lisat (accusative definite plural)
lisi (dative indefinite singular)
lisit (dative definite singular)
lisave (dative indefinite plural)
lisave (dative definite plural)
lisi (ablative indefinite singular)
lisit (ablative definite singular)
lisash (ablative indefinite plural)
lisave (ablative definite plural)

Most likely a formation after lëndë (“timber”), similarly to the connection of vis with vend.
Alternatively, Orel suggests a borrowing from Proto-Slavic *lěsъ (“forest, woods”), whence Serbo-Croatian lȇs／ле̑с, Bulgarian лес (les), although in this case one would expect the auslaut to have gone palatalization. Because of the /-i-/ < *-ě-, the Slavic dialect is identified as Ikavian.

lis i gjakut

lis i gjinisë


pijan

pijan m (plural pijanë, definite pijani, definite plural pijanët)

pijanë (plural)
pijani (definite)
pijanët (definite plural)
pijan (indefinite nominative singular)
pijani (definite nominative singular)
pijanë (indefinite nominative plural)
pijanët (definite nominative plural)
pijan (accusative indefinite singular)
pijanin (accusative definite singular)
pijanë (accusative indefinite plural)
pijanët (accusative definite plural)
pijani (dative indefinite singular)
pijanit (dative definite singular)
pijanëve (dative indefinite plural)
pijanëve (dative definite plural)
pijani (ablative indefinite singular)
pijanit (ablative definite singular)
pijanësh (ablative indefinite plural)
pijanëve (ablative definite plural)

From pije (“drink”), pije + -an (equivalent to English drink + -er). See pi (“I drink”) and pije (“drink”) for more.


mag

mag m (plural magë, definite magu, definite plural magët)

magë (plural)
magu (definite)
magët (definite plural)
mag (indefinite nominative singular)
magu (definite nominative singular)
magë (indefinite nominative plural)
magët (definite nominative plural)
mag (accusative indefinite singular)
magun (accusative definite singular)
magë (accusative indefinite plural)
magët (accusative definite plural)
magu (dative indefinite singular)
magut (dative definite singular)
magëve (dative indefinite plural)
magëve (dative definite plural)
magu (ablative indefinite singular)
magut (ablative definite singular)
magësh (ablative indefinite plural)
magëve (ablative definite plural)


mace

máce f (plural máce, definite mácja, definite plural mácet)

máce (canonical feminine)
máce (plural)
mácja (definite)
mácet (definite plural)
mace (indefinite nominative singular)
macja (definite nominative singular)
mace (indefinite nominative plural)
macet (definite nominative plural)
mace (accusative indefinite singular)
macen (accusative definite singular)
mace (accusative indefinite plural)
macet (accusative definite plural)
maceje (dative indefinite singular)
maces (dative definite singular)
maceve (dative indefinite plural)
maceve (dative definite plural)
maceje (ablative indefinite singular)
maces (ablative definite singular)
macesh (ablative indefinite plural)
maceve (ablative definite plural)

Alternative variant of macë (“cat”), ultimately derived from Proto-Slavic *maca, likely an onomatopoeic expression.

(figurative, derogatory) belligerent, wild woman


mace

indefinite dative/ablative singular of macë


mes

mes m (plural mese, definite mesi, definite plural meset)

mese (plural)
mesi (definite)
meset (definite plural)
mes (indefinite nominative singular)
mesi (definite nominative singular)
mese (indefinite nominative plural)
meset (definite nominative plural)
mes (accusative indefinite singular)
mesin (accusative definite singular)
mese (accusative indefinite plural)
meset (accusative definite plural)
mesi (dative indefinite singular)
mesit (dative definite singular)
meseve (dative indefinite plural)
meseve (dative definite plural)
mesi (ablative indefinite singular)
mesit (ablative definite singular)
mesesh (ablative indefinite plural)
meseve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *meTi, *meTśi-, from Proto-Indo-European *me-t/dhi (“with, middle”), ultimately from *medʰyo-. Cognate to Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌸 (miþ, “with”). It might represent a devoiced variant of mez. A loan from Modern Greek μέσος (mésos, “in the middle”) is not excluded.


sup

sq-noun

sup m (plural supe, definite supi, definite plural supet)

supe (plural)
supi (definite)
supet (definite plural)
sup (indefinite nominative singular)
supi (definite nominative singular)
supe (indefinite nominative plural)
supet (definite nominative plural)
sup (accusative indefinite singular)
supin (accusative definite singular)
supe (accusative indefinite plural)
supet (accusative definite plural)
supi (dative indefinite singular)
supit (dative definite singular)
supeve (dative indefinite plural)
supeve (dative definite plural)
supi (ablative indefinite singular)
supit (ablative definite singular)
supesh (ablative indefinite plural)
supeve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *tsupa, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱupos (compare English hip, Ancient Greek κύβος (kúbos, “vertebra, hollow before the hip (in cattle)”)).


va

sq-noun

va m (plural va, definite vau, definite plural vatë)

va (plural)
vau (definite)
vatë (definite plural)

Either from Proto-Albanian *wa(d), from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂dʰ- (“to go, walk”), or from Latin vadum; impossible to determine. Possibly forms a doublet of vete.


tra

sq-noun

tra m (plural trerë, definite trari, definite plural trerët)

trerë (plural)
trari (definite)
trerët (definite plural)


autobus

autobús m (plural autobúsë, definite autobúsi)

autobús (canonical masculine)
autobúsë (plural)
autobúsi (definite)

Internationalism, compare Italian autobus.


dang

A lengthening of danë, Gheg variant of darë. Compare Old High German zanga (“tongs”).


postel

Blend of postë (“mail”) + elektronike (“electronics”). Coined by Agim Morina in the late 1990s. Likely inspired by the French courriel and Jon Postel's last name.


para

sq-noun

para f (plural para, definite paraja, definite plural paratë)

para (plural)
paraja (definite)
paratë (definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).


grip

Probably a modern loanword, from German Grippe.


abdikim

abdikim m (plural abdikime, definite abdikimi, definite plural abdikimet)

abdikime (plural)
abdikimi (definite)
abdikimet (definite plural)
abdikim (indefinite nominative singular)
abdikimi (definite nominative singular)
abdikime (indefinite nominative plural)
abdikimet (definite nominative plural)
abdikim (accusative indefinite singular)
abdikimin (accusative definite singular)
abdikime (accusative indefinite plural)
abdikimet (accusative definite plural)
abdikimi (dative indefinite singular)
abdikimit (dative definite singular)
abdikimeve (dative indefinite plural)
abdikimeve (dative definite plural)
abdikimi (ablative indefinite singular)
abdikimit (ablative definite singular)
abdikimesh (ablative indefinite plural)
abdikimeve (ablative definite plural)


abetare

abetare f (plural abetare, definite abetarja, definite plural abetaret)

abetár m (plural abetárë, definite abetári, definite plural abetárët)

primer; a book used by children learning to read

abetare morze


abonim

abonim m (plural abonime, definite abonimi, definite plural abonimet)

abonime (plural)
abonimi (definite)
abonimet (definite plural)
abonim (indefinite nominative singular)
abonimi (definite nominative singular)
abonime (indefinite nominative plural)
abonimet (definite nominative plural)
abonim (accusative indefinite singular)
abonimin (accusative definite singular)
abonime (accusative indefinite plural)
abonimet (accusative definite plural)
abonimi (dative indefinite singular)
abonimit (dative definite singular)
abonimeve (dative indefinite plural)
abonimeve (dative definite plural)
abonimi (ablative indefinite singular)
abonimit (ablative definite singular)
abonimesh (ablative indefinite plural)
abonimeve (ablative definite plural)


abanoz

abanoz m (plural abanozë, definite abanozi, definite plural abanozët)

abanozë (plural)
abanozi (definite)
abanozët (definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آبانوز (abanoz) (compare Turkish abanoz), earlier آبنوس (abnus), from Persian آبنوس (âbnus), from Ancient Greek ἔβενος (ébenos), from Egyptian hbnj.


artist

artist m (plural artistë, definite artisti, definite plural artistët)

artistë (plural)
artisti (definite)
artistët (definite plural)
artist (indefinite nominative singular)
artisti (definite nominative singular)
artistë (indefinite nominative plural)
artistët (definite nominative plural)
artist (accusative indefinite singular)
artistin (accusative definite singular)
artistë (accusative indefinite plural)
artistët (accusative definite plural)
artisti (dative indefinite singular)
artistit (dative definite singular)
artistëve (dative indefinite plural)
artistëve (dative definite plural)
artisti (ablative indefinite singular)
artistit (ablative definite singular)
artistësh (ablative indefinite plural)
artistëve (ablative definite plural)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin artista or French artiste, ultimately from Latin ars.


abrogim

sq-noun

abrogim m (plural abrogime, definite abrogimi, definite plural abrogimet)

abrogime (plural)
abrogimi (definite)
abrogimet (definite plural)
abrogim (indefinite nominative singular)
abrogimi (definite nominative singular)
abrogime (indefinite nominative plural)
abrogimet (definite nominative plural)
abrogim (accusative indefinite singular)
abrogimin (accusative definite singular)
abrogime (accusative indefinite plural)
abrogimet (accusative definite plural)
abrogimi (dative indefinite singular)
abrogimit (dative definite singular)
abrogimeve (dative indefinite plural)
abrogimeve (dative definite plural)
abrogimi (ablative indefinite singular)
abrogimit (ablative definite singular)
abrogimesh (ablative indefinite plural)
abrogimeve (ablative definite plural)


absolutizëm

absolutizëm m (plural absolutizma, definite absolutizmi, definite plural absolutizmat)

absolutizma (plural)
absolutizmi (definite)
absolutizmat (definite plural)

Borrowed from French absolutisme (cf. also English absolutism), itself based on Latin absolutiō.


qen

qen m (plural qen, definite qeni, definite plural qentë)

qen (plural)
qeni (definite)
qentë (definite plural)
qen (indefinite nominative singular)
qeni (definite nominative singular)
qen (indefinite nominative plural)
qentë (definite nominative plural)
qen (accusative indefinite singular)
qenin (accusative definite singular)
qen (accusative indefinite plural)
qentë (accusative definite plural)
qeni (dative indefinite singular)
qenit (dative definite singular)
qenve (dative indefinite plural)
qenve (dative definite plural)
qeni (ablative indefinite singular)
qenit (ablative definite singular)
qensh (ablative indefinite plural)
qenve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin, from Latin canis (“dog”).

(figurative, derogatory) unfaithful, bad (male) person; man without morals


abstenim

abstenim m (plural abstenime, definite abstenimi, definite plural abstenimet)

abstenime (plural)
abstenimi (definite)
abstenimet (definite plural)
abstenim (indefinite nominative singular)
abstenimi (definite nominative singular)
abstenime (indefinite nominative plural)
abstenimet (definite nominative plural)
abstenim (accusative indefinite singular)
abstenimin (accusative definite singular)
abstenime (accusative indefinite plural)
abstenimet (accusative definite plural)
abstenimi (dative indefinite singular)
abstenimit (dative definite singular)
abstenimeve (dative indefinite plural)
abstenimeve (dative definite plural)
abstenimi (ablative indefinite singular)
abstenimit (ablative definite singular)
abstenimesh (ablative indefinite plural)
abstenimeve (ablative definite plural)


adhuruese

adhuruese f; masculine equivalent adhurues

adhuruese (canonical feminine)
masculine equivalent adhurues (canonical)


adhurues

adhurues m (plural adhurues, definite adhuruesi, definite plural adhuruesit); feminine equivalent adhuruese

adhurues (canonical masculine)
feminine equivalent adhuruese (canonical)
adhurues (plural)
adhuruesi (definite)
adhuruesit (definite plural)


absorbim

absorbim m (plural absorbime, definite absorbimi, definite plural absorbimet)

absorbime (plural)
absorbimi (definite)
absorbimet (definite plural)
absorbim (indefinite nominative singular)
absorbimi (definite nominative singular)
absorbime (indefinite nominative plural)
absorbimet (definite nominative plural)
absorbim (accusative indefinite singular)
absorbimin (accusative definite singular)
absorbime (accusative indefinite plural)
absorbimet (accusative definite plural)
absorbimi (dative indefinite singular)
absorbimit (dative definite singular)
absorbimeve (dative indefinite plural)
absorbimeve (dative definite plural)
absorbimi (ablative indefinite singular)
absorbimit (ablative definite singular)
absorbimesh (ablative indefinite plural)
absorbimeve (ablative definite plural)


aderim

aderim m (plural aderime, definite aderimi, definite plural aderimet)

aderime (plural)
aderimi (definite)
aderimet (definite plural)
aderim (indefinite nominative singular)
aderimi (definite nominative singular)
aderime (indefinite nominative plural)
aderimet (definite nominative plural)
aderim (accusative indefinite singular)
aderimin (accusative definite singular)
aderime (accusative indefinite plural)
aderimet (accusative definite plural)
aderimi (dative indefinite singular)
aderimit (dative definite singular)
aderimeve (dative indefinite plural)
aderimeve (dative definite plural)
aderimi (ablative indefinite singular)
aderimit (ablative definite singular)
aderimesh (ablative indefinite plural)
aderimeve (ablative definite plural)

access, admission, admittance, joining, junction


administratë

administratë f (plural administrata, definite administrata, definite plural administratat)

administrata (plural)
administrata (definite)
administratat (definite plural)
administratë (indefinite nominative singular)
administrata (definite nominative singular)
administrata (indefinite nominative plural)
administratat (definite nominative plural)
administratë (accusative indefinite singular)
administratën (accusative definite singular)
administrata (accusative indefinite plural)
administratat (accusative definite plural)
administrateje (dative indefinite singular)
administratës (dative definite singular)
administratave (dative indefinite plural)
administratave (dative definite plural)
administrateje (ablative indefinite singular)
administratës (ablative definite singular)
administratash (ablative indefinite plural)
administratave (ablative definite plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin administratio.


adhurim

sq-noun

adhurim m (plural adhurime, definite adhurimi, definite plural adhurimet)

adhurime (plural)
adhurimi (definite)
adhurimet (definite plural)
adhurim (indefinite nominative singular)
adhurimi (definite nominative singular)
adhurime (indefinite nominative plural)
adhurimet (definite nominative plural)
adhurim (accusative indefinite singular)
adhurimin (accusative definite singular)
adhurime (accusative indefinite plural)
adhurimet (accusative definite plural)
adhurimi (dative indefinite singular)
adhurimit (dative definite singular)
adhurimeve (dative indefinite plural)
adhurimeve (dative definite plural)
adhurimi (ablative indefinite singular)
adhurimit (ablative definite singular)
adhurimesh (ablative indefinite plural)
adhurimeve (ablative definite plural)


aciditet

aciditet m (plural aciditete, definite aciditeti, definite plural aciditetet)

aciditete (plural)
aciditeti (definite)
aciditetet (definite plural)
aciditet (indefinite nominative singular)
aciditeti (definite nominative singular)
aciditete (indefinite nominative plural)
aciditetet (definite nominative plural)
aciditet (accusative indefinite singular)
aciditetin (accusative definite singular)
aciditete (accusative indefinite plural)
aciditetet (accusative definite plural)
aciditeti (dative indefinite singular)
aciditetit (dative definite singular)
aciditeteve (dative indefinite plural)
aciditeteve (dative definite plural)
aciditeti (ablative indefinite singular)
aciditetit (ablative definite singular)
aciditetesh (ablative indefinite plural)
aciditeteve (ablative definite plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin aciditātem, accusative singular of aciditās (“sourness, acidity”), from acidus (“sour, acid”), or through French acidité. See acid.


adash

adásh m (plural adáshë, definite adáshi, definite plural adáshët)

adásh (canonical masculine)
adáshë (plural)
adáshi (definite)
adáshët (definite plural)
adash (indefinite nominative singular)
adashi (definite nominative singular)
adashë (indefinite nominative plural)
adashët (definite nominative plural)
adash (accusative indefinite singular)
adashin (accusative definite singular)
adashë (accusative indefinite plural)
adashët (accusative definite plural)
adashi (dative indefinite singular)
adashit (dative definite singular)
adashëve (dative indefinite plural)
adashëve (dative definite plural)
adashi (ablative indefinite singular)
adashit (ablative definite singular)
adashësh (ablative indefinite plural)
adashëve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آداش (adaş), whence Turkish adaş.


afërsi

sq-noun

afërsi f (plural afërsie, definite afërsia, definite plural afërsitë)

afërsie (plural)
afërsia (definite)
afërsitë (definite plural)

afër (“close, nearby”) + -si (noun suffix)


afat

afat m (plural afate, definite afati, definite plural afatet)

afate (plural)
afati (definite)
afatet (definite plural)
afat (indefinite nominative singular)
afati (definite nominative singular)
afate (indefinite nominative plural)
afatet (definite nominative plural)
afat (accusative indefinite singular)
afatin (accusative definite singular)
afate (accusative indefinite plural)
afatet (accusative definite plural)
afati (dative indefinite singular)
afatit (dative definite singular)
afateve (dative indefinite plural)
afateve (dative definite plural)
afati (ablative indefinite singular)
afatit (ablative definite singular)
afatesh (ablative indefinite plural)
afateve (ablative definite plural)

Uncertain.
Gustav Meyer didn't include it in his dictionary. Eqrem Çabej attempts a derivation from Turkish and affirms it is a relatively new word. Vladimir Orel, probably conviced by Eqrem Çabej-s proposal, ignores it. Ardian Vehbiu, who usually does not deal with etymologies, proposes a derivation from the Italian expression va fatto and compares it to the Albanian word apostafat, which comes from the Italian apposta fatto.
A formation from Proto-Albanian *apo-t-is, based on Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“away, off”), with the labial plosive followed by back vowel yielding -f- (cf. avull, afër), and -is-, as well as -os-, yielding zero in unstressed position. Cognate to Proto-Germanic *aftiz (“again”) (whence Old English eftesoons (“again, soon”) > English after). Related to afër.


abece

abecé f (plural abecé, definite abecéja, definite plural abecét)

abëcë f (plural abëcë, definite abëcëja, definite plural abëcët)


absurditet

absurditet m (plural absurditete, definite absurditeti, definite plural absurditetet)

absurditete (plural)
absurditeti (definite)
absurditetet (definite plural)
absurditet (indefinite nominative singular)
absurditeti (definite nominative singular)
absurditete (indefinite nominative plural)
absurditetet (definite nominative plural)
absurditet (accusative indefinite singular)
absurditetin (accusative definite singular)
absurditete (accusative indefinite plural)
absurditetet (accusative definite plural)
absurditeti (dative indefinite singular)
absurditetit (dative definite singular)
absurditeteve (dative indefinite plural)
absurditeteve (dative definite plural)
absurditeti (ablative indefinite singular)
absurditetit (ablative definite singular)
absurditetesh (ablative indefinite plural)
absurditeteve (ablative definite plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin absurditas.


integral

(mathematics) integral (relating to integration)


aeroplan

aeroplan m (plural aeroplanë, definite aeroplani, definite plural aeroplanët)

aeroplanë (plural)
aeroplani (definite)
aeroplanët (definite plural)
aeroplan (indefinite nominative singular)
aeroplani (definite nominative singular)
aeroplanë (indefinite nominative plural)
aeroplanët (definite nominative plural)
aeroplan (accusative indefinite singular)
aeroplanin (accusative definite singular)
aeroplanë (accusative indefinite plural)
aeroplanët (accusative definite plural)
aeroplani (dative indefinite singular)
aeroplanit (dative definite singular)
aeroplanëve (dative indefinite plural)
aeroplanëve (dative definite plural)
aeroplani (ablative indefinite singular)
aeroplanit (ablative definite singular)
aeroplanësh (ablative indefinite plural)
aeroplanëve (ablative definite plural)


aba

aba f (plural aba, definite abaja, definite plural abat)

aba (plural)
abaja (definite)
abat (definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish عبا (abâ) (Turkish aba), from Arabic عَبَاءَة (ʕabāʔa).

der

Arabic عَبَاءَة (ʕabāʔa)


acar

sq-noun

acar m (plural acare, definite acari, definite plural acaret)

acare (plural)
acari (definite)
acaret (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *atsara, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱrós, from the root *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Compare Old Irish aicher (“sharp, fierce, bitter”), Latin ācer (“pungent, acidic; sharp-minded”), Ancient Greek ἄκρος (ákros, “pointed, sharp; at the edge”), ἄκρον (ákron, “peak, sharp point, edge”).

cog

(figurative) bitter, coarse, rough, brisk


adresë

Ultimately borrowed from a derivative of Latin ad directus; compare French adresse.


vend

sq-noun

vend m (plural vende, definite vendi, definite plural vendet)

vende (plural)
vendi (definite)
vendet (definite plural)
vend (indefinite nominative singular)
vendi (definite nominative singular)
vende (indefinite nominative plural)
vendet (definite nominative plural)
vend (accusative indefinite singular)
vendin (accusative definite singular)
vende (accusative indefinite plural)
vendet (accusative definite plural)
vendi (dative indefinite singular)
vendit (dative definite singular)
vendeve (dative indefinite plural)
vendeve (dative definite plural)
vendi (ablative indefinite singular)
vendit (ablative definite singular)
vendesh (ablative indefinite plural)
vendeve (ablative definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *wen-ta, from earlier *wena. A gerund formation from vë has been compared to the Illyrian-derived toponyms Vendum and Avendius (compare Οὐένδων (Ouéndōn)).


adet

adet m (plural adete, definite adeti, definite plural adetet)

adete (plural)
adeti (definite)
adetet (definite plural)
adet (indefinite nominative singular)
adeti (definite nominative singular)
adete (indefinite nominative plural)
adetet (definite nominative plural)
adet (accusative indefinite singular)
adetin (accusative definite singular)
adete (accusative indefinite plural)
adetet (accusative definite plural)
adeti (dative indefinite singular)
adetit (dative definite singular)
adeteve (dative indefinite plural)
adeteve (dative definite plural)
adeti (ablative indefinite singular)
adetit (ablative definite singular)
adetesh (ablative indefinite plural)
adeteve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish عادت (adet) (Turkish âdet), itself from Arabic عَادَة (ʕāda).


jak

jak m (plural jakë, definite jaku, definite plural jakët)

jakë (plural)
jaku (definite)
jakët (definite plural)


teh

teh m (plural teha, definite teha, definite plural tehat)

teha (plural)
teha (definite)
tehat (definite plural)


mat

mat m (plural mate, definite mati, definite plural matet)

mate (plural)
mati (definite)
matet (definite plural)

From Proto-Albanian *mata, from pre-Albanian *mn̥to, from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to tower, stand out”) (compare Welsh mynydd, Latin mōns, Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬙𐬌 (mati)).


abat

abatë (plural)
abat (indefinite nominative singular)
abati (definite nominative singular)
abatë (indefinite nominative plural)
abatët (definite nominative plural)
abat (accusative indefinite singular)
abatin (accusative definite singular)
abatë (accusative indefinite plural)
abatët (accusative definite plural)
abati (dative indefinite singular)
abatit (dative definite singular)
abatëve (dative indefinite plural)
abatëve (dative definite plural)
abati (ablative indefinite singular)
abatit (ablative definite singular)
abatësh (ablative indefinite plural)
abatëve (ablative definite plural)

An ecclesiastical title close to that of a bishop.


autor

autor (indefinite nominative singular)
autori (definite nominative singular)
autorë (indefinite nominative plural)
autorët (definite nominative plural)
autor (accusative indefinite singular)
autorin (accusative definite singular)
autorë (accusative indefinite plural)
autorët (accusative definite plural)
autori (dative indefinite singular)
autorit (dative definite singular)
autorëve (dative indefinite plural)
autorëve (dative definite plural)
autori (ablative indefinite singular)
autorit (ablative definite singular)
autorësh (ablative indefinite plural)
autorëve (ablative definite plural)


barku

inflection of bark:
definite nominative singular

inflection of bark:
indefinite dative/ablative singular


pus

sq-noun

pus m (plural puse, definite pusi, definite plural puset)

puse (plural)
pusi (definite)
puset (definite plural)
pus (indefinite nominative singular)
pusi (definite nominative singular)
puse (indefinite nominative plural)
puset (definite nominative plural)
pus (accusative indefinite singular)
pusin (accusative definite singular)
puse (accusative indefinite plural)
puset (accusative definite plural)
pusi (dative indefinite singular)
pusit (dative definite singular)
puseve (dative indefinite plural)
puseve (dative definite plural)
pusi (ablative indefinite singular)
pusit (ablative definite singular)
pusesh (ablative indefinite plural)
puseve (ablative definite plural)

Probably borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin puteum. Compare Romanian puț, Italian pozzo.


magnet

magnet m (plural magnete, definite magneti, definite plural magnetet)

magnete (plural)
magneti (definite)
magnetet (definite plural)
magnet (indefinite nominative singular)
magneti (definite nominative singular)
magnete (indefinite nominative plural)
magnetet (definite nominative plural)
magnet (accusative indefinite singular)
magnetin (accusative definite singular)
magnete (accusative indefinite plural)
magnetet (accusative definite plural)
magneti (dative indefinite singular)
magnetit (dative definite singular)
magneteve (dative indefinite plural)
magneteve (dative definite plural)
magneti (ablative indefinite singular)
magnetit (ablative definite singular)
magnetesh (ablative indefinite plural)
magneteve (ablative definite plural)


ekran

ekran telefoni

screen (in a cinema or on a technological device)


shag

shag m (plural shegje, definite shagu, definite plural shegjet)

shegje (plural)
shagu (definite)
shegjet (definite plural)
shag (indefinite nominative singular)
shagu (definite nominative singular)
shegje (indefinite nominative plural)
shegjet (definite nominative plural)
shag (accusative indefinite singular)
shagun (accusative definite singular)
shegje (accusative indefinite plural)
shegjet (accusative definite plural)
shagu (dative indefinite singular)
shagut (dative definite singular)
shegjeve (dative indefinite plural)
shegjeve (dative definite plural)
shagu (ablative indefinite singular)
shagut (ablative definite singular)
shegjesh (ablative indefinite plural)
shegjeve (ablative definite plural)

From Latin sagum (“sagum, cloak made of coarse fabric”).


hir

sq-noun

hir m (plural hire, definite hiri, definite plural hiret)

hire (plural)
hiri (definite)
hiret (definite plural)

Possibly from Proto-Albanian *skīra, from a Proto-Indo-European *sḱeyr-o- (“shine, reflex”), whence German schier (“pure, clear”), Polish szczery (“sincere, earnest”), Ancient Greek σκίρον (skíron, “parasol”).


pic

sq-noun

pic m (plural pica, definite pici, definite plural picat)

pica (plural)
pici (definite)
picat (definite plural)


lag

From Proto-Albanian *lag-, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lay, lie (down)”). Cognate with Ancient Greek λόχος (lókhos, “ambush, ambuscade, armed band”), Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (lagjan, “to lay”). Singular form of lagje.


plug

sq-noun

plug m (plural plugje, definite plugu, definite plural plugjet)

plugje (plural)
plugu (definite)
plugjet (definite plural)
plug (indefinite nominative singular)
plugu (definite nominative singular)
plugje (indefinite nominative plural)
plugjet (definite nominative plural)
plug (accusative indefinite singular)
plugun (accusative definite singular)
plugje (accusative indefinite plural)
plugjet (accusative definite plural)
plugu (dative indefinite singular)
plugut (dative definite singular)
plugjeve (dative indefinite plural)
plugjeve (dative definite plural)
plugu (ablative indefinite singular)
plugut (ablative definite singular)
plugjesh (ablative indefinite plural)
plugjeve (ablative definite plural)

From a South Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *plugъ (“plough”), further derived from Proto-Germanic *plōgaz (“plough”), *plōguz (“plough”). Compare Serbo-Croatian плуг, Bulgarian плуг (plug), and English plough. Replaced parmendë in most dialects, which came to mean “wooden plough”.


model

model m (plural modele, definite modeli, definite plural modelet)

modele (plural)
modeli (definite)
modelet (definite plural)
model (indefinite nominative singular)
modeli (definite nominative singular)
modele (indefinite nominative plural)
modelet (definite nominative plural)
model (accusative indefinite singular)
modelin (accusative definite singular)
modele (accusative indefinite plural)
modelet (accusative definite plural)
modeli (dative indefinite singular)
modelit (dative definite singular)
modeleve (dative indefinite plural)
modeleve (dative definite plural)
modeli (ablative indefinite singular)
modelit (ablative definite singular)
modelesh (ablative indefinite plural)
modeleve (ablative definite plural)

Ultimately from Old Italian modello, from Vulgar Latin *modellus, diminutive form of modulus (“measure, standard”).


cull

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *g(')elt- (“womb”). Compare Sanskrit जर्त (jarta), जर्तु (jártu, “vulva”), Swedish kull (“brood, litter”), Old English child.


ur

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ews- (“to burn”). Compare Latin ūrō.


fill

fill m (definite fije, definite plural filli)


hall

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حال (hal, “situation; grief”).

bor+

difficult situation, difficulty, trouble, misery, plight


hall

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حل (hal, “solution”).


curr

sq-noun

curr m (plural curra, definite curri, definite plural currat)

curra (plural)
curri (definite)
currat (definite plural)

Either a nominal derivative of curr (“to prick up”), or from the same root of Armenian սուր (sur, “sword”) and Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 (hairus).


imam

imam m (plural imamë, definite imami, definite plural imamët)

imamë (plural)
imami (definite)
imamët (definite plural)
imam (indefinite nominative singular)
imami (definite nominative singular)
imamë (indefinite nominative plural)
imamët (definite nominative plural)
imam (accusative indefinite singular)
imamin (accusative definite singular)
imamë (accusative indefinite plural)
imamët (accusative definite plural)
imami (dative indefinite singular)
imamit (dative definite singular)
imamëve (dative indefinite plural)
imamëve (dative definite plural)
imami (ablative indefinite singular)
imamit (ablative definite singular)
imamësh (ablative indefinite plural)
imamëve (ablative definite plural)

From Ottoman Turkish امام (imam), from Arabic إِمَام (ʔimām).


bole

Variant of bolle. Occurs exclusively in the plural form.


lar

lar m (plural larë, definite lari, definite plural larët)

larë (plural)
lari (definite)
larët (definite plural)
lar (indefinite nominative singular)
lari (definite nominative singular)
larë (indefinite nominative plural)
larët (definite nominative plural)
lar (accusative indefinite singular)
larin (accusative definite singular)
larë (accusative indefinite plural)
larët (accusative definite plural)
lari (dative indefinite singular)
larit (dative definite singular)
larëve (dative indefinite plural)
larëve (dative definite plural)
lari (ablative indefinite singular)
larit (ablative definite singular)
larësh (ablative indefinite plural)
larëve (ablative definite plural)

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin laurus.

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual


plumb

plumbi (definite)
plumb (indefinite nominative singular)
plumbi (definite nominative singular)
plumb (accusative indefinite singular)
plumbin (accusative definite singular)
plumbi (indefinite singular)
plumbit (definite singular)

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin plumbum (“lead”).