de

Compare Romanian di, employed with horses or oxen for the same purpose.

Fol de!

Ashtu de!

This manner! (expressing happiness or satisfaction for the work done)

Hë të lumtë goja, de!

Denotes intensity, often after imperatives or some adverbs.


bi

A short form of bijë,
from archaic bilë ("daughter, girl").

Fol bi, Dritë!

A friendly exclamation to a person (female).

Bi! Po ç'është kjo?

Po ç'është kjo, bi?

An exclamation of surprise (to a female person).


more

→ Ottoman Turkish: موره (more)

According to Orel from the aoristic form of marr without a clear sense development. It could also be a remnant of a grammatical structure of a lost substrate language, which may be the source of the same interjection found in all Balkan languages. Alternatively, from Greek μωρέ (moré, “mate”, interjection, literally “stupid!”), a frozen vocative of μωρός (mōrós). In that case, it may be a doublet of bre.

bor

man!, mate!, dude!, bro! (vocative particle used in a call to a man)


dale

From dal (“I exit, go out”); see dal for more.

come out, get out (as a request, plea or as an order)


dale

Short form of ndal (“I halt, stop, rest, hold up”). See ndal and dal for more.


makar

From Greek μακάρι (makári, “if only, I wish”). Compare Romanian măcar (“at least, not even”).


tungjatjeta

From an enclitic tu + (n)gjat(ë) + jeta, literal meaning 'may your life be prolonged'.


aman

Usually vocative, poetic. Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish امان (amân), from Arabic أَمَان (ʔamān, “tranquillity, peacefulness”).


bre

From Greek βρε (vre), from Greek μωρέ (moré, “stupid”, vocative). Doublet of more.

Folni bre, burra!

Bre! Po ç'është kjo?


ej

ej ti, ku shkon?

éei pǽr chíjr tǽ chríxtit Zótit tínæ

1592, Luca Matranga, chapter 2, in E Mbësuame e Krështerë [The Albanian Christian Doctrine], page 8, lines 10–11:


vaj

Possibly from Proto-Albanian *uai, from Proto-Indo-European *wáy, *uai (“woe!, alas!”); similar words are found in several European languages. Cognate to Ancient Greek ὀά (oá, “woe!, alas!”) and Old Armenian վայ (vay, “cry of pain”), Latin vae, Icelandic vei, Dutch wee, English woe. Compare also Romanian vai,
Serbo-Croatian авај (avaj), Italian guai. In view of a widespread secondary meaning 'to cry', one may also consider Proto-Albanian *vabja, connected with Old Church Slavonic вабимо (vabimo, “being lured”), Gothic 𐍅𐍉𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wōpjan, “call out”), Old English wēpan (“weep, cry”).

cog

vahj (alternative Arbëresh)
valë (alternative Cham)
voj (alternative Gheg)


sha

Allegro form of pasha, itself an optative form of kam.


sos

From Ancient Greek ἐσώσα (esṓsa), aorist of Ancient Greek σῶς (sôs).

(colloquial, chiefly in the negative) indeed, really, in fact


jakë

Either a compound of eja + këtu (“come here”), or an isolated imperative form (based on Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”)), cognate to Albanian iki.

Jakë këtu!

Jakëni këtu!


moj

vocative particle used in a call to a woman


klm

Slang for kalofsh mirë (meaning “good bye”).

(slang, text messaging) Alternative form of kalofsh mirë (“good bye”)


flm

Initialism of faleminderit (“thank you”). ty, thx


aferim

aferím (canonical)
aferín (alternative)
afërím (alternative Gheg)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آفرم (aferim).


vallahi

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish والله (vallâhi), from Arabic وَاللهِ (wallāhi, “by God”).


faleminderit

From older të falemi nderit, literally "We salute your honor", or "We pray for your honor".

faleminerës (alternative)
faliminerës (alternative)


qe

Qe! Ja ku po shkoj!

Qe si shkojnë punët!

see!, look!, behold! (points out something with emphasis)

Qe ku është!

here! (used to show that something is present)


hajde

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish هایده (hayde), هایدی (haydi).


shëndet

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *sanitātis (nominative singular), from Latin sānitās (“health”). Compare Romanian sănătate.

shnet (alternative Gheg)
scnnet (alternative Gheg)


hë

From Proto-Albanian *skainai. Compare Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽 (skeinan), Old High German skinan (“to shine”), with a similar sense development to that of English 'in a twinkling'.

precedes and reinforces an expression of emotion

encourages action: go on! let's go! move it!


hinje

From hi, identical with hë + nje, a form of njoh.


selam alejkum

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish سلام علیکم (selam aleykum), from Arabic اَلسَّلَام عَلَيْكُم (as-salām ʕalaykum, “peace be upon you”).

der

اَلسَّلَام عَلَيْكُم

(Islam) salaam alaikum (Muslim greeting)


lamtumirë

Blend of la (“leave”) + me (“with”) + të mirë (“good”).


mirëmëngjes

[miɹ(ɜ)mɜɲˈɟ͡ʝɛs]


head

Përshumvjet Krishtlindjet dhe Vitin e Ri


rrofsh

From rroftë, literally "may you live long".


nëse

nase (alternative Gheg Northern)
nose (alternative Gheg Southern)


gjynah

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish گناه (günah).

bor+

gjynaf (alternative Gheg)
xhynaf (alternative Gheg)
gjinah (alternative Tosk dialectal)

(colloquial) Expresses sorrow or regret.


shyqyr

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish شكر (şükr, vulg. şükür, “thankfulness, gratitude”), itself derived from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).