maqedorumune

Feminine version of maqedorumun; maqedorumun + -e (feminine suffix).

gjuha maqedorumune

Gjuha maqedorumune flitet kryesisht në Greqi, Shqipëri, Maqedoninë e Veriut, dhe në Rumani.

valle dhe kostume tradicionale maqedorumune


heqsim

From dialectal and archaic helq, from Proto-Albanian *(w)alkja, from *h₂wolkéye-, causative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂welk- (“to pull”) + -im (suffix denoting an act).

der

Heksat/Heqsat (Heq = Remove + suffix -at denoting occupation, prular)
1. Killers, Murderers, assassins, goons, contract-killer, gunman, hired killer, hit-man, killer
2. Heksi/Heqsi (Heq = remove + suffix -i denoting occupation, nominative, masculine


kopil

(colloquial) clever, sly, cunning, crafty, wily


ndërdym

From ndër- + dym, a derivative of dy (“two”), from Proto-Indo-European *du̯is-m̥ (“in two parts”). Akin to Ancient Greek διά (diá, “apart”)


odokët

i odokët (canonical)
e odokët (feminine)

From dukë, dukje with o- suffix, probably influenced by "i udobët".


portokall

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پورتقال (portokal), with /l/ forms from Greek πορτοκάλι (portokáli).


bashkiak

këshilli bashkiak

municipal, particularly (politics) of or related to the municipalities of Albania.


açik

From Ottoman Turkish آچق (açık), from Proto-Turkic *ač- (“to open”).


tejdukshëm

head

i tejdukshëm (feminine e tejdukshme, masculine plural të tejdukshëm, feminine plural të tejdukshme)

i tejdukshëm (canonical)
e tejdukshme (feminine)
të tejdukshëm (masculine plural)
të tejdukshme (feminine plural)


patejdukshëm

i patejdukshëm (feminine e patejdukshme, masculine plural të patejdukshëm, feminine plural të patejdukshme)

i patejdukshëm (canonical)
e patejdukshme (feminine)
të patejdukshëm (masculine plural)
të patejdukshme (feminine plural)


qenësishëm

i qenësishëm (canonical)
e qenësishme (feminine)


njëtrajtshëm

i njëtrajtshëm (feminine e njëtrajtshme)

i njëtrajtshëm (canonical)
e njëtrajtshme (feminine)

lëvizje e njëtrajtshme


ngutshëm

i ngutshëm (canonical)
e ngutshme (feminine)


ndërsjellë

i ndërsjellë (canonical)
e ndërsjellë (feminine)


përpjesëtuar

i përpjesëtuar (feminine e përpjesëtuar)

i përpjesëtuar (canonical)
e përpjesëtuar (feminine)


posaçëm

i posaçëm (canonical)
e posaçme (feminine)


vetëdijshëm

i vetëdijshëm (canonical)
e vetëdijshme (feminine)


satirik

satirík (feminine satiríke, masculine plural satiríkë, feminine plural satiríke)

satirík (canonical)
satiríke (feminine)
satiríkë (masculine plural)
satiríke (feminine plural)

Internationalism, compare French satirique. By surface analysis, satírë (“satire”) + -ík.


lëti

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin, from Latin Latīnus. Doublet of latín.


metë

Variant of i mbetë, from a dialectal participle of mbes.


mbraz

*Results from the recombination of mbrazëm, from an earlier *brazën, itself borrowed from South Slavic *porzdьnъ. Compare Bulgarian пра́зен (prázen), Serbo-Croatian prázan／пра́зан.
*Directly borrowed from Serbo-Croatian prázan／пра́зан. See also zbraz.

cog

prázan//пра́зан

bor

prázan//пра́зан


majmë

Derived from maj (“to feed, to fatten”).


bartshëm

i bartshëm (canonical)
e bartshme (feminine)


ndihmëtar

(sometimes nominalised) helper, assistant (which helps)


letrar

Borrowed from Latin litterārius (“literary”). By surface analysis, letër (“paper, letter”) + -ar or letra pl (“letters, literature”) + -ar.


llafazan

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish لافزن (lafazan, “braggart, boaster”).


dëlirë

dashuri e dëlirë


mubareq

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish مبارك (mübarek).

1724, Muçi Zade, Imzot, mos më lerë pa kahve, line 13:


meshhur

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish مشهور (meşhur).

1724, Muçi Zade, Imzot, mos më lerë pa kahve, line 18:


pakujdesshëm

head

i pakujdesshëm (feminine e pakujdesshme)

i pakujdesshëm (canonical)
e pakujdesshme (feminine)

From pa- + i kujdesshëm (“careful, caring”).


nokër

Derivative of *nokë, borrowed from Latin innocuus (“harmless, innocent”)


mbratë

Possibly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-eh₂-teh₂, from the root *bʰer- (“to carry”), prefixed with n-. Compare a possible close parallel Latin forda (“pregnant cow”).

ref

The unexpected outcome -a- from *-eh₂- may be explained as irregular metathesis of the laryngeal: *-eh₂teh₂ > *-ah₂tah₂ > *-atʰah₂.<ref name=Olsen/>


përgjakshëm

i përgjakshëm (canonical)
e përgjakshme (feminine)

bloody, chracterised by bloodshed, slaughter


jahni

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یخنی (yahni).

bor+

fasule jahni

presh jahni


mëshirshëm

i mëshirshëm (canonical)
e mëshirshme (feminine)

From mëshirë (“compassion, mercy”) + -shëm.


gjithëmëshirshëm

head

i gjithëmëshirshëm (feminine e gjithëmëshirshme)

i gjithëmëshirshëm (canonical)
e gjithëmëshirshme (feminine)

From gjithë (“all, omni-”) + mëshirshëm (“merciful”).

af

Allahu i Gjithëmëshirshëm

(especially Islam) merciful, compassionate


aguridh

Back-formation from aguridhe (“unripe grape”).


skallankur

Uncertain. Derivation from lëng (“juice”), prefixed with a methasised form of Greek ξε- (xe-, “un-”), hence literally, “without juice” is to be discarded.

ruɔt pac scalancuur / δeut yyn i chiin χee

1873, Girolamo de Rada, Canti di Milosao, canto 1, page 14, lines 18–19:

half-unripe grapes / decorated our field


fitimprurës

From fitim (“profit”) + prurës (“bringer”).


qaraman

From qarë (“cry, complaint”) + -a- + -man.

(derogatory) always complaining, whining


dregaman

From dregë (“scab from a sore”) + -a- + -man.


grindaman

From grindem (“to quarrel, bicker”) + -a- + -man.


fjalaman

From fjalë (“speech, conversation”) + -a- + -man.


nevojshëm

i nevojshëm (canonical)
e nevojshme (feminine)

From nevojë (“need, necessity”) + -shëm.


llacaman

that still drinks from its mother at a too late age (of animals)


pordhac

all talk and no action
all talk and no action


breshkamadh

From breshkë (“turtle”) + -a- + i madh (“big”).

with lumps on one's neck, scrofulous; common as a general insult


ardhshëm

i ardhshëm (canonical)
e ardhshmë (feminine)


jetim

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یتیم (yetim).

bor+

jetim nga nëna


në të zezë

Literally, “in black”, likely a calque of Italian in nero.

puna në të zezë


vetëm

një fjalë e vetme

në një vend të vetëm


shishman

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish شیشمان (şişman).


papërkthyeshëm

head

i papërkthyeshëm (feminine e papërkthyeshme)

i papërkthyeshëm (canonical)
e papërkthyeshme (feminine)

From pa- + përkthyeshëm (“translatable”).


përkthyeshëm

i përkthyeshëm (feminine e përkthyeshme)

i përkthyeshëm (canonical)
e përkthyeshme (feminine)


kthyer

folded, hemmed (of clothes' rims), rolled up (of sleeves)

(colloquial) recovered, got better (from an illness)


mbledhës

makinë mbledhëse

(physics) focusing, concentrating (of a lens)


mbretëtar

From mbret + -ë- + -tar. Coined by Albanian linguist Faik Konica.


buzëmadh

buzëmadh (feminine buzëmadhe, masculine plural buzëmëdhenj, feminine plural buzëmëdha)

buzëmadhe (feminine)
buzëmëdhenj (masculine plural)
buzëmëdha (feminine plural)


xhuxhmaxhuxh

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یأجوج و مأجوج (yeʼcuc ve meʼcuc, “Gog and Magog”), crossed with xhuxh (“dwarf”) and often reanalysed as literally meaning some sort of “dwarf more dwarf”, or “[even] shorter dwarf”.

bor+

یأجوج و مأجوج


zhele

For semantics compare Greek τσόλι (tsóli).


shkurtabiq

From i shkurtër (“short”). For -abiq compare tartabiq (“bedbug”).

(derogatory) very short, dwarfish, stunted


qose

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish كوسه (köse).


frashërt

i frashërt (canonical)
e frashërt (feminine)


avashëm

i avashëm (canonical)
e avashme (feminine)


avashtë

slowly said or sang (of words, songs, etc.)

me zë të avashtë


ranor

A Gheg loan, from rërë／rânë (“sand”) + -or.


azgan

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish [script needed] (azgın, “excessively fierce and wild, ferocious, mad; disobedient, rebellious”).


pabesë

→ Greek: μπαμπέσης (bampésis)

unfaithful, disloyal, treacherous, dishonest (of a person)

sulm i pabesë

treacherous, treasonous, dishonest (of an action)

(archaic) unfaithful, infidel; of a different religion from the speaker's


bunacë

Borrowed from Venetian bonazza. The meaning “darkness” comes from contamination of natë (“night”).


llokum

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish لوقوم (lokum).


bashkëtingëllor

From bashkë- (“co-”) + tingëllor (“sonorous”).


gajtan

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish غیطان (gaytan).

bor+

vetull gajtan

(poetic) thin and straight (of eyebrows)


saktë

From Ottoman Turkish [script needed] (sahi, “really, truly”) + -të.


përdëllyeshëm

head

i përdëllyeshëm (feminine e përdëllyeshme)

i përdëllyeshëm (canonical)
e përdëllyeshme (feminine)

/pəɾdəˈɫyeʃəm/


sterrë

Disputed. Possibilities include:
# An expressive prefixal derivative of terr (“darkness”).
# Identical to sterrë／sterë／sternë (“underground cistern”). The factor that links the two is its darkness for someone looking from above.
# Metathesis of an unattested *cerrë／*cernë, borrowed from Serbo-Croatian crn／црн (“black”).

u nxi qielli, u bë sterrë

Vétœ e bárdhœ é kóka stérhœ

1878, Auguste Dozon, Manuel de la langue Chkipe ou Albanaise, Paris, page 107:

e ka ndërgjegjen sterrë


kadër

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قادر (kadir, kadır).


verdhullor

From verdhulloj (“to give a yellowish colour”) + -or, from i verdhë (“yellow”).

af

Vreɔtat iin ty verδulóre; […]

1873, Girolamo de Rada, Canti di Milosao, canto 2, page 12, line 1:


çifligar

From çiflig (“manor”) + -ar. For sense 2 compare Macedonian чифлигар (čifligar, “farmer”).


zararshëm

i zararshëm (canonical)
e zararshme (feminine)


jollxhi

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یولجی (yolcu).


egjiptian

Borrowed from French égyptien. By surface analysis, Egjipt + -ian.


kompjuterik

program kompjuterik

ekran kompjuterik


evropian

From Evropë + -ian, following French européen.


mbasdorës

From mbasdor, itself from mbas- (“behind”) + dorë (“hand”).


lumarak

inhabitant of a region near the banks of a river


buzëmadhe

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


shkretinor

klimë shkretinore


gjuetar

gjuetare (feminine)
gjuetar (indefinite nominative singular)
gjuetari (definite nominative singular)
gjuetarë (indefinite nominative plural)
gjuetarët (definite nominative plural)
gjuetar (accusative indefinite singular)
gjuetarin (accusative definite singular)
gjuetarë (accusative indefinite plural)
gjuetarët (accusative definite plural)
gjuetari (dative indefinite singular)
gjuetarit (dative definite singular)
gjuetarëve (dative indefinite plural)
gjuetarëve (dative definite plural)
gjuetari (ablative indefinite singular)
gjuetarit (ablative definite singular)
gjuetarësh (ablative indefinite plural)
gjuetarëve (ablative definite plural)


sykullumbri

From sy (“eye”) + kullumbri (“turtle dove; blackthorn”).


shushuq

Onomatopoeia, pronouncing alveolar fricative consonants as dental fricatives, e.g. ⟨s⟩ as ⟨ʃ⟩.


zhur

From Latin saburra (“sand ballast”), another variant is shur.


shpirtkeq

From shpirt (“soul, spirit”) + keq (“evil, wicked”).


zemërkeq

From zemër (“heart”) + keq (“evil, wicked”).


kukudh

Uncertain. Probably from onomatopoeic kuku (“mourn, lament”) as the similar kukuvriq (“male owl”) suggests.

Mbeti kukudh

wretched, miserable, desolated, alone, solitary


parashikues

head

parashikues (feminine parashikuese, masculine plural parashikues)

parashikuese (feminine)
parashikues (masculine plural)

From para (“before, in front of”) + shikues (“watcher, viewer”).


picverdhë

From pic (“beak”) + i verdhë (“yellow; green”), the former from Sicilian pizzu (“beak”).

E miir e e dášura / tí ζógkëζa pizvèerδ, / Haiδeen kuljtón eδé?

1898, Marchese Domenico Antonio, Mërii, page 2, lines 1–3:

Good and beloved you, little green-beaked bird, do you still remember Hajde?


orëçuet

From orë (“nymph, fate”) + çuet (“risen, woken up”, Gheg form of the participle of zgjoj).


thëngjillor

From thëngjill (“ember, coal”) + -or (agent noun suffix).

suffix

Pellg thëngjillor

in relation to ember or coal, containing coal

Acid thëngjillor


shejtnueshëm

i shêjtnueshëm (canonical)
e shêjtnueshme (feminine)

𐔝𐔈 𐔜𐔇𐔕𐔝𐔈𐔓𐔟𐔀𐔜𐔍𐔒𐔇𐔓𐔈 𐔝𐔈 𐔗𐔙𐔇𐔒/𐔝𐔇𐔓 𐔇 𐔒𐔀𐔆𐔇.

1761, Elbasan Gospel Manuscript, page 2, lines 1–2:

të shenjtënuashimenë të prem/ten e madhe.


shakllaban

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish شاقلابان (şaklaban).

bor+

(regional) inept, slow, awkward, gauche, clumsy


bytyntë

head

i bytyntë (feminine e bytyntë, masculine plural të bytyntë, feminine plural të bytynta)

i bytyntë (canonical)
e bytyntë (feminine)
të bytyntë (masculine plural)
të bytynta (feminine plural)

From Ottoman Turkish بوتون (bütün, “whole, entire, total, complete”), from Proto-Turkic *bütün.

bor

vend i bytyntë

pllakë e bytyntë


budalla

From Ottoman Turkish بدلا (budala, “imbecile, fool”), from Arabic اَبْدَال pl (abdāl) of singular بديل (badīl).


hegjemon

Borrowed from Italian egemone. Doublet of igemon.


gorrictë

i gorrictë (canonical)
e gorrictë (feminine)

From gorricë (“wild pear; nonsense; immature”) + -të (verbal adjective suffix).


ndjeshëm

i ndjeshëm (canonical)
e ndjeshme (feminine)

(jargon) perceptive, sensitive apparatus etc.

fitime (humbje) të ndjeshme

(figurative) evident, apparent, visible, significant, important


lumtur

i lumtur (canonical)
e lumtur (feminine)

Unë jam shumë i lumtur për njohjen tuaj.

I'm very happy to make your acquaintance.


cangë

unripe, tough (usually in reference to trees)


shpirë

i shpirë (canonical)
e shpirë (feminine)


llabiç

From Proto-Albanian *lubiç, a derivative of lubi.


jeshil

From Ottoman Turkish یشیل (yeşil), from Proto-Turkic *yāĺïl (“green”).


shekullor

head

shekullor (feminine shekullore, masculine plural shekullorë, feminine plural shekullore)

shekullore (feminine)
shekullorë (masculine plural)
shekullore (feminine plural)

ullinj shekullorë


mbresëlënës

mbresëlënës (feminine mbresëlënëse, masculine plural mbresëlënës, feminine plural mbresëlënëse)

mbresëlënëse (feminine)
mbresëlënës (masculine plural)
mbresëlënëse (feminine plural)

From mbresë (“impression”) + lënë (“left”) + -s.


vesves

From Ottoman Turkish وسوسه (vesvese, fesfese), from Arabic وَسْوَسَة (waswasa, “suggestion of the devil, temptation”).

der

(also noun, colloquial) anxious, suspicious, worried, concerned person


gabrrec

trung gabrrec

hollowed, cavitied (in relation to trees)


zgavërt

i zgavërt (canonical)
e zgavërt (feminine)

From zgavër (“hole, cavity, hollow”) + -t.

dru i zgavërt

gjoks i zgavërt


gërdec

(figurative) tough, sturdy (also in the sense of uncooked food)


patredhur

From pa- (negating prefix) + tredh (“to castrate”) + -ur (adjective suffix).


tredhur

i tredhur (canonical)
e tredhur (feminine)

From tredh (“to castrate”) + -ur (adjective suffix).


buzëqumësht

(figurative, derogatory) immature, juvenile


nafakë

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish نفقه (nafaka).


rripë

Borrowed from Latin rīpa (“bank, shore”). Compare Romanian râpă, Aromanian arãpã (“ravine, precipice”).


sypërlotur

From sy (“eyes”) + përlotur (“tearful”).

Da sitzt eine weinende Mutter / Und schluchzet laut: »Gott helf! / Er hat sich angemeldet: / Die Uhr blieb stehn um elf!«

1987, “Ushtari i vrarë”, in Petraq Kolevica, transl., Poezi gjermane dhe austriake, page 97:

There is a crying mother / She whimpers and prays to a god: / "I will be back, o mother, he said / But he did not come back to me today either."