oewer

From Dutch oever, from Middle Dutch oever, from Old Dutch *uovar, from Proto-Germanic *ōferaz.


veelrassig

af-adj

veelrassig (attributive veelrassige, not comparable)


etnies

etnies (attributive etniese, not comparable)


naguil

Compound of nag (“night”) + uil (“owl”). The sense “night owl” comes from English night owl.

nightjar, bird of the family Caprimulgidae


'n uiltjie knip

LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-'n uiltjie knip.wav


beskerming

From Dutch bescherming, from Middle Dutch bescherminge. Equivalent to beskerm + -ing.


oorblyfsel

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oorblyfsel (plural oorblyfsels, diminutive oorblyfseltjie)

oorblyfsels (plural)
oorblyfseltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch overblijfsel. Equivalent to oorbly + -sel.

remnant, remainder, something that remains


oorbly

af-verb

oorbly (present oorbly, present participle oorblywende, past participle oorgebly)

oorbly (present)
oorblywende (participle present)
oorgebly (participle past)

From Dutch overblijven, from Middle Dutch overbliven. By surface analysis, oor + bly.

(intransitive) to remain, to be left (over)


buiteland

From Dutch buitenland. Equivalent to buite + land.


skeldparty

From Dutch scheldpartij. Equivalent to skel + party.

(rare) A bout or fit of using insults and profanity; (if mutual) a slanging match.


ligtoring

From Dutch lichttoren. Equivalent to lig + toring.


bokant

From Dutch bovenkant. Equivalent to bo + kant.


komplekse getal

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komplekse getal (plural komplekse getalle)

Probably a calque, compare Dutch complex getal, English complex number.


komplekse getalle

komplekse getal
komplekse getal#Afrikaans


magsverheffing

From Dutch machtsverheffing. Equivalent to mag + -s- + verheffing.

(mathematics) exponentiation, the activity of raising something to the power of something


funksie

(mathematics) function (relation that uniquely maps elements of a domain to elements of a codomain)

(biology) function, physiological activity


webwerf

From web + werf, calque of English website.


altemit

From Dutch altemet, from Middle Dutch altemet.


differensiasie

differentiation (creation of difference)

(calculus) differentiation (differentiating, calculating the derivative)


dialek

From Dutch dialect, from Middle French dialecte, from Latin dialectus, from Ancient Greek διάλεκτος (diálektos).


topverkoper

best-seller, especially a best-selling book


ontdekkingsreisiger

From Dutch ontdekkingsreiziger. Equivalent to ontdekking + -s- + reisiger.

explorer, one who explores by travelling


reisiger

reisiger (plural reisigers, diminutive reisigertjie)

reisigers (plural)
reisigertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch reiziger, from Middle Dutch reisiger, borrowed from Middle High German reisiger (“soldier on horseback”).


kampioenskap

championship (competition to determine a champion)

championship (state or quality of being a champion)


maanskyn

From Dutch maneschijn, from Middle Dutch maneschijn. Equivalent to maan + skyn.

moonshine, moonlight (light from the moon)


maneskyn

From Dutch maneschijn, from Middle Dutch maneschijn. Equivalent to maan + -e- + skyn.


kruistog

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kruistog (plural kruistogte, diminutive kruistoggie)

kruistogte (plural)
kruistoggie (diminutive)

From Dutch kruistocht. Equivalent to kruis + tog.

crusade (religious war by mediaeval Latin Christians)


Parys

Parys (a town in the Free State, South Africa)


rêrag

From the regional pronunciation of rêrig.


ryp

af-adj

ryp </b>or (chiefly in figurative use)<b> rype

ryp (attributive ryp or (chiefly in figurative use) rype, comparative ryper, superlative rypste)

ryp (attributive)
rype (attributive)
ryper (comparative)
rypste (superlative)


geslagsryp

geslagsryp (attributive geslagsrype, not comparable)

From Dutch geslachtsrijp, from German geschlechtsreif. Equivalent to geslag + -s- + ryp.


kerkvader

From Dutch kerkvader, from Latin Pater Ecclēsiae. Equivalent to kerk + vader.

Church Father (early male Christian author regarded authoritative)


mynwerker

From Dutch mijnwerker. Equivalent to myn + werker.


goudmyn

head

goudmyn (plural goudmyne, diminutive goudmyntjie)

goudmyne (plural)
goudmyntjie (diminutive)

From Dutch goudmijn. Equivalent to goud + myn.

gold mine (mine where gold is extracted)


diamantmyn

From Dutch diamantmijn. Equivalent to diamant + myn.


mynskag

From Dutch mijnschacht. Equivalent to myn + skag.


mynbou

From Dutch mijnbouw. Equivalent to myn + bou.


silwermyn

From Dutch zilvermijn. Equivalent to silwer + myn.


kleim

Borrowed from English claim, from Middle English claimen, from Old French claimer, from Latin clamo.

claim, legal right to exclusively extract resources from a certain area


kleilat

A twig or stick with a lump of clay or mud on one end that is launched by swinging the stick, used in children's games.


rooinekke

Ons het dan van die begin van die oorlog af gebid dat die vervloekte Rooinekke die land uitgesmyt mag word. En nou blyk dit dat die Rooinekke tog die baas gaan wees. Wel, dan is daar geen God nie, anders sou Hy ons gebede mos verhoor het!

1902, Henri Sicco Oosterhagen, C. C. Eloff, Oorlogsdagboekie van H. S. Oosterhagen, Raad vir Geesteswetenskaplike Navorsing, published 1976:

From the beginning of the war we prayed that the cursed rooinekke might be cast out of the land. And now it seems that the rooinekke will be the master after all. Well, then there is no God, otherwise he emphatically would have listened to our prayers!


Eswatini

Eswatini (a country in Southern Africa, formerly called Swaziland; capitals: Mbabane and Lobamba)


kapana

Mnr. Lion Kahimise, 'n gemeenskapsbeampte van Windhoek, noem verder geen kapana sal verkoop mag word nie.

2020 April 23, “Informele markte word opgeknap, ontsmet”, in Republikein:

Mr Lion Kahimise, a community official from Windhoek, furthermore mentions that no kapana will be allowed to be sold.

Die informele handelaars sal nie met die kopers in fisieke kontak kom nie. Kapana (vleis) sal vooraf berei en as wegneem-ete verkoop word, sê Kanime.

2020 April 29, “Eers gesondheidsinspeksie voor mark open: Lang wag nog nie verby”, in Republikein:

The informal sellers will not come into physical contact with the buyers. Kapana (meat) will be prepared beforehand and sold as take-away food, Kanime says.

Ook mnr. Sam Itherenga wil graag weer sy kapana verkoop sodat hy geld na sy familie in die Noorde kan stuur.

2020 May 13, “Tot 4 000 straatverkopers sonder inkomste: Oop markte slegs vir wettige verkopers”, in Republikein:

Also Mr Sam Itherenga would like to sell his kapana again so he can send money to his family in the north.

(Namibia) kapana (barbecued meat, especially as street food)


verby

From Dutch voorbij, from Middle Dutch vorebi.


Mpumalanga

From Xhosa impumalanga, Zulu impumalanga, Southern Ndebele mpumalanga and Swazi mpumalanga (“east; place where the sun rises”).

bor

Mpumalanga (a province of South Africa; capital: Mbombela)


stofsuier

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stofsuier (plural stofsuiers, diminutive stofsuiertjie)

stofsuiers (plural)
stofsuiertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch stofzuiger or perhaps from German Staubsauger.

vacuum cleaner (mobile appliance for removing dust and rubbish)


oond

From Dutch oven with loss of intervocalic -v- (as in aand, bly, glo) and paragogic -d. Further from Middle Dutch oven, from Old Dutch *ovan, from Proto-Germanic *ufnaz, *uhnaz.


almal

From Dutch allemaal (“all”), originally an adverb and still used in a way that might be considered adverbial rather than pronominal. In Afrikaans, the word has developed into an actual pronoun.

Almal het die waarheid geweet, maar niemand het niks gesê nie.

Everybody knew the truth, but nobody said anything.


rondawel

→ English: rondavel

→ Venda: randavhula


die gees gee

af-verb

die gees gee (present die gees gee, present participle die gees gewende, past participle die gees gegee)

die gees gee (present)
die gees gewende (participle present)
die gees gegee (participle past)

/di ˈχɪəs ˈχɪə/

LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-die gees gee.wav

From Dutch de geest geven, from Middle Dutch den geest geven.

(intransitive) to give up the ghost, to die or to cease to function


verwoes

verwoes (present verwoes, present participle verwoestende, past participle verwoes)

verwoes (present)
verwoestende (participle present)
verwoes (participle past)

From Dutch verwoesten, from Middle Dutch verwoesten. Compare German verwüsten.

Die huis is deur die sware brand heeltemal verwoes.

The house was entirely devastated by the heavy fire.


skroef

head

skroef (plural skroewe, diminutive skroefie)


teiken

From dialectal Dutch teiken, from Middle Dutch têken, teiken, from Old Dutch *tēkan, *teikan, from Proto-Germanic *taikną. Doublet of teken (“sign”), from standard Dutch teken. Cognate with German Zeichen, English token.

Ons moet analiseer waarom ons die vasgestelde teikens nie bereik het nie.

We must analyse why we haven’t reached the predetermined goals.


Masedonië

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Macedonia (a region in the Balkans in Southeast Europe)

administrative region
administrative region

Macedonia (an administrative region of Greece)

Macedon, Macedonia (an ancient kingdom in the Balkans in Southeast Europe)

Synonym of Noord-Masedonië (North Macedonia)


kardoes

kardoes (plural kardoese, diminutive kardoesie)

kardoese (plural)
kardoesie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch kardoes (“blackpowder load”), from Middle French cartouche, Italian cartoccio, derived from Latin carta.

inh+

paper cone; piece of paper (usually small) twisted into a cone or spout shape, in which items like sweets or tobacco can be stored

(historical) packaging of black powder charges for cannons and firearms


kanonnier

From Dutch kanonnier, from Middle French canonnier. Equivalent to kanon + -ier.


soewereiniteit

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soewereiniteit (plural -e, diminutive -)

From Dutch soevereiniteit. Equivalent to soewerein + -iteit.


soewerein

af-adj

soewerein (attributive soewereine, not comparable)

From Dutch soeverein, from Old French soverain. Influenced in the first vowel by Middle French souverain and French souverain.


wanprestasie

(law) non-performance, breach of contract


sneeupop

From Dutch sneeuwpop. Equivalent to sneeu + pop.


lieweheersbesie

ladybug, ladybird, insectivore beetle of the family Coccinellidae


sandsteen

From Dutch zandsteen, from Middle Dutch sandsteen.


sandkasteel

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sandkasteel (plural sandkastele, diminutive sandkasteeltjie)

sandkastele (plural)
sandkasteeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch zandkasteel. Equivalent to sand + kasteel.


spikkel

spikkel (plural spikkels, diminutive spikkeltjie)

spikkels (plural)
spikkeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch spikkel, from Middle Dutch speckel.


lugwaardin

lugwaardin (plural lugwaardinne, diminutive lugwaardinnetjie)

lugwaardinne (plural)
lugwaardinnetjie (diminutive)

From lug + waardin, calque of English air hostess.


Belgies

af-adj

Belgies (attributive Belgiese, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Belgisch, from Latin belgicus. Equivalent to Belg + -ies.

Belgian (of, from, or pertaining to Belgium or the Belgian people)


eetlus

From Dutch eetlust, equivalent to eet + lus.


vorstehuis

From Dutch vorstenhuis. Equivalent to vors + -e- + huis.


swaer

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swaer (plural swaers, diminutive swaertjie)

From Dutch zwager, from Middle Dutch swager, from Old Dutch *swāgar, from Proto-West Germanic *swāgr, from Proto-Germanic *swēgraz.


nuuskierig

af-adj

nuuskierig (attributive nuuskierige, comparative nuuskieriger, superlative nuuskierigste)

nuuskierige (attributive)
nuuskieriger (comparative)
nuuskierigste (superlative)


snawel

head

snawel (plural snawels, diminutive snaweltjie)

snawels (plural)
snaweltjie (diminutive)


disfemisme

disfemisme (plural disfemismen, diminutive disfemismetjie)

disfemismen (plural)
disfemismetjie (diminutive)


reier

reier (plural reiers, diminutive reiertjie)

From Dutch reiger, from Middle Dutch reiger.

heron, waterbird of the family Ardeidae.


aanneemlikheid

From Dutch aannemelijkheid, equivalent to aanneemlik + -heid.


ysberg

ysberg (plural ysberge, diminutive ysbergie)

From Dutch ijsberg, from Middle Dutch ijsberch. Equivalent to ys (“ice”) + berg (“mountain”).

iceberg (mountain-size mass of floating ice)


amputasie

From Dutch amputatie, from Middle French amputation, from Latin amputātiō.

amputation (surgical removal of a body part)


kernfisika

Compound of kern + fisika, compare Dutch kernfysica and German Kernphysik.


oggend

From Dutch ochtend, from Middle Dutch ochtent, earlier ochte, from Old Dutch *ūhto, from Proto-Germanic *unhtwô.


boepens

boepens (plural boepense, diminutive boepensie)

boepense (plural)
boepensie (diminutive)

From Dutch boekpens (“omasum”), named after the laminae (leafets) in the omasum, a common naming practice in German languages (compare German Kalender, English bible, etc.). Also compare Dutch pens (“stomach (intestine), tripe; potbelly”).


waagmoedig

af-adj

waagmoedig (attributive waagmoedige, comparative waagmoediger, superlative waagmoedigste)

waagmoedige (attributive)
waagmoediger (comparative)
waagmoedigste (superlative)

/ˈvɑːχˌmudəχ/

Borrowed from German wagemutig. Analysable as waagmoed + -ig.


kariboe

Borrowed from English caribou, from Canadian French caribou, from Mi'kmaq qalipu (“caribou”) from Proto-Algonquian *maka·lipowa (“caribou; it shovels snow”).


vullis

From dialectal Dutch vullis, contraction of vuilnis, from Middle Dutch vuulnesse, from vuul (“rotten”) + -nesse, -nisse (“-ness”), whence Afrikaans vuil and -nis.


Koevoet

From koevoet (“crowbar”), as a metaphor for how insurgents would be pried out of the civilian population.

(historical) A specialized South African police unit during the apartheid era that operated primarily in what is now Namibia.


bloedbaan

From Dutch bloedbaan. Equivalent to bloed + baan.


skanddaad

From Dutch schanddaad. Equivalent to skande + daad.


gemenebes

/χəˌmɪə̯.nəˈbɛs/


skande

From Dutch schande, from Middle Dutch schande, from Old Dutch *skanda, from Proto-Germanic *skandō.


bloedskande

From Dutch bloedschande. Equivalent to bloed + skande.


bakoorjakkals

head

bakoorjakkals (plural bakoorjakkalse, diminutive bakoorjakkalsie)

bakoorjakkalse (plural)
bakoorjakkalsie (diminutive)

Compound of bakoor (“large protruding ear”) + jakkals (“jackal”).

com

Otocyon megalotis
Otocyon megalotis#Translingual


vertrou

Dit is hoekom jy nie die Britte kan vertrou nie!

That is why you can not trust the British!


Die Stem van Suid-Afrika

The Call of South Africa
The Call of South Africa


Die Stem

Die Stem van Suid-Afrika
Die Stem van Suid-Afrika#Afrikaans

(informal) Short for Die Stem van Suid-Afrika.


ghong

Borrowed from English gong or otherwise from Dutch gong, from Malay gong.


Oranje, Blanje, Blou

a former national flag of South Africa, used from 1928 to 1994, during the apartheid era.


seehawe

Compound of see + hawe, from Dutch zeehaven.


skeurmaker

From Dutch scheurmaker. Equivalent to skeur + maak + -er.

One who sows or effects division; a divisive figure, seceder or schismatic.


bokwiet

From a dialectal (presumably Hollandic) form of Dutch boekweit, from Middle Dutch boecweit.


vliegdekskip

From Dutch vliegdekschip. Equivalent to vliegdek + skip.


vliegdek

Either a calque of English flight deck or borrowed from Dutch vliegdek. Equivalent to vlieg + dek.

flight deck, e.g. of an aircraft carrier


kleremaker

head

kleremaker (plural kleremakers, diminutive kleermakertjie, feminine kleremaakster)

kleremakers (plural)
kleermakertjie (diminutive)
kleremaakster (feminine)

From Dutch kleermaker, from Middle Dutch cledermakere with loss of intervocalic -d. Equivalent to klere + maker.

tailor (person who produces, repairs or remodels clothing professionally)


bloedvergieting

bloedvergieting (plural bloedvergietings or bloedvergietinge (dated))

bloedvergietings (plural)
bloedvergietinge (dated plural)

From Dutch bloedvergieting. Equivalent to bloed + vergieting.


strydwa

From Dutch strijdwagen. Equivalent to stryd + wa.


beswaarskrif

From Dutch bezwaarschrift. Equivalent to beswaar (“objection”) + skrif (“document”).

compound

(law) statement or written notice of appeal


goudstuk

From Dutch goudstuk. Equivalent to goud + stuk.


motordief

Compound of motor (“car”) + dief (“thief”).


oormôre

/uə̯rˈmɔːrə/

Inherited from Dutch overmorgen; equivalent to oor (“over”) + môre (“tomorrow”).

day after tomorrow
day after tomorrow#English


oormôre

/uə̯rˈmɔːrə/

(by extension) the (intermediate to more distant) future


pienk

af-adj

pienk (attributive pienk, comparative pienker, superlative pienkste)

pienk (attributive)
pienker (comparative)
pienkste (superlative)
pienk (attributive positive predicative)
pienke (attributive independent positive singular)
pienkes (attributive independent plural positive)
pienks (partitive positive)
pienker (attributive comparative predicative)
pienkere (attributive comparative independent singular)
pienkeres (attributive comparative independent plural)
pienkers (comparative partitive)
pienkste (attributive predicative superlative)
pienkste (singular superlative)
pienkstes (attributive independent plural superlative)


ligroos

ligroos (attributive ligroose, comparative ligrooser, superlative ligroosste)

ligroose (attributive)
ligrooser (comparative)
ligroosste (superlative)


skemerkelk

head

skemerkelk (plural skemerkelke, diminutive skemerkelkie)

skemerkelke (plural)
skemerkelkie (diminutive)

→ Dutch: schemerkelkje

(chiefly diminutive) sundowner (cocktail drunk at sunset)


onsigbaar

af-adj

onsigbaar (attributive onsigbare, comparative onsigbaarder, superlative onsigbaarste)

onsigbare (attributive)
onsigbaarder (comparative)
onsigbaarste (superlative)

From Dutch onzichtbaar. Equivalent to on- + sigbaar.


sigbaar

sigbaar (attributive sigbare, comparative sigbaarder, superlative sigbaarste)

sigbare (attributive)
sigbaarder (comparative)
sigbaarste (superlative)

From Dutch zichtbaar. Equivalent to sig + -baar.


krokodiltrane

From Dutch krokodillentranen. Equivalent to krokodil + trane.

crocodile tears (insincere display of sadness)


aanleerderswoordeboek

Compound of aanleerder + -s- + woordeboek. Perhaps a calque of English learner's dictionary.

learner's dictionary (dictionary, monolingual or multilingual, aimed towards learners of a language)


broodrol

head

broodrol (plural broodrolle, diminutive broodrolletjie)

broodrolle (plural)
broodrolletjie (diminutive)

From brood + rol, calque of English bread roll.

(chiefly diminutive) bread roll, roll, bun


skinder

af-verb

skinder (present skinder, present participle skinderende, past participle geskinder)

skinder (present)
skinderende (participle present)
geskinder (participle past)


talryk

af-adj

talryk (attributive talryke, comparative talryker, superlative talrykste)

talryke (attributive)
talryker (comparative)
talrykste (superlative)

From Dutch talrijk, calque of German zahlreich. Equivalent to tal + ryk.


vraestel

head

vraestel (plural vraestelle, diminutive vraestelletjie)

vraestelle (plural)
vraestelletjie (diminutive)

set of exam questions on an examination form


worshond

worshond (plural worshonde, diminutive worshondjie)

worshonde (plural)
worshondjie (diminutive)

Compound of wors (“sausage”) + hond (“dog”). Compare English wiener dog.

Albei worshonde is swart met bruin merke om die ken, pote en boude.

2007, Emile Joubert, Kouefront. Kortverhale, page 94:

Both dachshunds are black with brown blots around the chin, legs and buttocks.


wêreldkaart

From Dutch wereldkaart. Equivalent to wêreld + kaart.


snelstrik

From snel + strik, probably a calque of English speed trap.


kabelspoor

cable car (hanging carriage infrastructure)


kankerbos

kankerbos (plural kankerbosse, diminutive kankerbossie)

kankerbosse (plural)
kankerbossie (diminutive)

→ English: cancer bush (calque)

Compound of kanker (“cancer (disease)”) + bos (“shrub, bush”). Named after one of its uses in folk medicine.


strandjut

Hyaena brunnea
Hyaena brunnea#Translingual


gevreet

head

gevreet (plural gevrete, diminutive gevreetjie)

gevrete (plural)
gevreetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch gevreet. Related to vreet. The meaning “face” may derive from German Gefräss.

(uncountable, informal) the act of eating


daggazol

daggazol (plural daggazolle, diminutive daggazolletjie)

daggazolle (plural)
daggazolletjie (diminutive)

Gedurende haar wildste jare in Johannesburg het sy elke oggend 'n hand vol pille, 'n vet daggazol en enige ander beskikbare verbode middels nodig gehad net om aangetrek te kom.

2003, Marita van der Vyver, Vergenoeg, page 199:

During her wildest years in Johannesburg she needed a handful of pills, a massive joint and some other available illegal drugs every morning just to get dressed.


net ’n appel en ei vir iets betaal

Ek het net ’n appel en ei vir [dit] betaal.

(literally, “I paid just an apple and an egg for it.”)

(idiomatic) to get a bargain; to buy an item on special or sale


twee rye spore loop

Hy loop twee rye spore.

(literally, “walking two sets of footprints.”)


in jou spoor trap

mind one's ps and qs
mind one's ps and qs

Jy beter in jou spoor trap tot ek terug is.

(literally, “You had better walk in your footprints until I'm back.”)

(idiomatic) To be very careful to behave correctly.


die saak aantrek

(idiomatic) To take something seriously; to internalize or live according to something (e.g. advice.)

Hy trek [hom] die saak aan.

(idiomatic) To feel keenly; be greatly grieved at; be much affected by something.


die aap uit die mou laat

From older die aap kom uit die mou (“a former secret becomes publicly known”), but influenced (both syntactically and semantically) by English let the cat out of the bag, which has also been calqued as die kat uit die sak laat.

Ek het die aap uit [my] mou gelaat.

(literally, “I let the monkey out of my sleeve.”)

let the cat out of the bag
let the cat out of the bag

(idiomatic) To let the cat out of the bag; to disclose a secret; to let a secret be known, often inadvertently.


op iemand afklim

give someone a piece of one's mind
give someone a piece of one's mind

(idiomatic) To give someone a piece of one's mind

Sy het op hom afgeklim.

(idiomatic) to voice one's disagreement or dissatisfaction with another person; to scold or rebuke someone.


'n appeltjie te skil hê

Compare Dutch een appeltje te schillen hebben.

Ek het 'n appeltjie met [jou] te skil.

(literally, “I have a little apple to peel with you.”)

(idiomatic) to have a bone to pick with someone; to have some disagreement to settle.


perbeer

af-verb

perbeer (present perbeer, present participle perberende, past participle geperbeer)

perbeer (present)
perberende (participle present)
geperbeer (participle past)

(obsolete or dialectal) Nonstandard form of probeer.


alle grappies op 'n stokkie

Literally, “all jokes on a stick”. Compare Dutch alle gekheid op een stokje.

(speech act, idiomatic) all kidding aside

Alle grappies op 'n stokkie.

(speech act, idiomatic) Used to attempt to make a serious point in a jocular conversation.


die beste beentjie voorsit

put one's best foot forward
put one's best foot forward

(idiomatic) To put one's best foot forward.

Hy sit sy beste beentjie voor.

(literally, “He puts his best leg forward.”)

(idiomatic) To show oneself in the best or most positive way possible; to make a favorable impression.


bokker

(vulgar, slang) bugger (a foolish or worthless person)


Kaïro

Inherited from Dutch Caïro, from Italian Il Cairo, from Arabic الْقَاهِرَة (al-qāhira).


amptenaar

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amptenaar (plural amptenaars or amptenare)


Egiptenaar

Egiptenaar (plural Egiptenaars or Egiptenare, diminutive Egiptenaartjie)

Egiptenaars (plural)
Egiptenare (plural)
Egiptenaartjie (diminutive)


offisier

From Dutch officier, from Middle Dutch officier, from Old French officier, from Latin officiārius.


skelm

From Dutch schelm, from German Schelm or Middle Low German schelm.


skerm

screen, monitor (of an electronic device)


steranys

From Dutch steranijs. Equivalent to ster + anys.


snaaks

af-adj

snaaks (attributive snaakse, comparative snaakser, superlative snaakste)

snaakse (attributive)
snaakser (comparative)
snaakste (superlative)


tarentaal

Likely onomatopoeic, after the bird's cry, but sometimes claimed to be from Latin terra nātālis, the etymon of Natal.


bloukraanvoël

Grus paradisea
Grus paradisea#Translingual


flamink

From Dutch flamingo, from Portuguese flamingo, from Spanish flamenco, from Old Occitan flamenc.

flamingo, bird of the family Phoenicopteridae


kwêvoël

Onomatopoeic, after the call + voël (“bird”).

Corythaixoides concolor
Corythaixoides concolor#Translingual

the go-away bird, Corythaixoides concolor


Kersmis

From Dutch Kerstmis, from Middle Dutch kersmisse. Doublet of Krismis.


Krismis

Borrowed from English Christmas. Doublet of Kersmis.


woonwa

caravan (vehicle with living space that is towed behind a car)


tierboskat

From tier (“tiger/leopard”) + boskat (“bush cat”).


hawehoof

From Dutch havenhoofd. Equivalent to hawe + hoof.


kalwerliefde

From Dutch kalverliefde. Equivalent to kalwer- (“calf, young bovine”) + liefde (“love”).

compound

puppy love, calf love; a youthful, immature form of love often associated with young people.


karabyn

From Dutch karabijn, from Middle French carabin.


kerkdiens

From Dutch kerkdienst. Equivalent to kerk (“church”) + diens (“service”).

church service (Christian religious meeting taking place in accordance with liturgy)


akupunktuur

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akupunktuur (usually uncountable, plural akupunkture)

/ɑkɨpœŋkˈtɨːr/


voortuin

voortuin (plural voortuine, diminutive voortuintjie)

voortuine (plural)
voortuintjie (diminutive)

From Dutch voortuin. Equivalent to voor + tuin.


waterpomp

From Dutch waterpomp. Equivalent to water + pomp.


siekeboeg

From Dutch ziekenboeg. Equivalent to sieke + boeg.


Freek

a male given name: diminutive of Frederik


roerbraai

af-verb

roerbraai (present roerbraai, present participle roerbraaiende, past participle geroerbraai)

roerbraai (present)
roerbraaiende (participle present)
geroerbraai (participle past)

From roer + braai, calque of English stir-fry.


donderstorm

From donder + storm, perhaps a calque of English thunderstorm.


aanveg

aanveg (present veg aan, present participle aanvegtende, past participle aangeveg)

veg aan (present)
aanvegtende (participle present)
aangeveg (participle past)

From Dutch aanvechten, from Middle Dutch aenvechten. Equivalent to aan + veg.


kopermyn

From Dutch kopermijn. Equivalent to koper + myn.


aggressie

From Dutch agressie, from Middle French agression. The spelling with double g has been influenced by English aggression.


alliansie

From Dutch alliantie, from Middle Dutch alliancie, from Middle French alliance, from Old French aliance.


bondgenootskap

From Dutch bondgenootschap. Equivalent to bondgenoot + -skap.


ossewa

From Dutch ossenwagen. Equivalent to os (“ox”) + -e- + wa (“cart, wagon, car”).


boodskap

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boodskap (plural boodskappe, diminutive boodskappie)

boodskappe (plural)
boodskappie (diminutive)

From Dutch boodschap, from Middle Dutch bodescap, from Old Dutch *bodaskap. Equivalent to bode + -skap.


horlosie

horlosie (plural horlosies, diminutive horlosietjie)

horlosies (plural)
horlosietjie (diminutive)

/ɦɔrˈlʊə̯si/

From older Dutch horlogie (now horloge), from Middle Dutch orlogie, from Old French orloge, from Latin hōrologium, from Ancient Greek ὡρολόγιον (hōrológion).


nagereg

nagereg (plural nageregte, diminutive nagereggie)

nageregte (plural)
nagereggie (diminutive)

/ˈnɑː.χəˌrɛχ/

From Dutch nagerecht. Equivalent to na + gereg.


voorgereg

voorgereg (plural voorgeregte, diminutive voorgereggie)

voorgeregte (plural)
voorgereggie (diminutive)

/ˈfoːr.χəˌrɛχ/

From Dutch voorgerecht. Equivalent to voor + gereg.


leeftyd

From Dutch leeftijd. Equivalent to leef + tyd.


boontjie kry sy loontjie

You reap what you sow
you reap what you sow

(speech act, idiomatic) You reap what you sow.

Elke boontjie kry sy loontjie.

(literally, “Every small bean gets his small paycheck.”)

(speech act, idiomatic) To be rewarded in equivalence to one's efforts, in a good or a bad sense. To receive justice.


koeël

Either from Dutch kogel or directly from German Kugel


spieël

→ Xhosa: isipili

From Dutch spiegel, from Middle Dutch spiegel, from Medieval Latin spēglum, from Latin speculum.


vetberg

vetberg (plural vetberge, diminutive vetbergie)

vetberge (plural)
vetbergie (diminutive)

Calque of English fatberg. Equivalent to vet (“fat”) + berg (“mountain”).

a large accumulation of fat and discarded toiletries which clogs sewers; a fatberg


bedryf

bedryf (plural bedrywe, diminutive bedryfie)


bedryf

af-verb

bedryf (present bedryf, present participle bedrywende, past participle gebedryf)

bedryf (present)
bedrywende (participle present)
gebedryf (participle past)


knae

knae (present knae, present participle knaende, past participle geknae)

knae (present)
knaende (participle present)
geknae (participle past)


oorslaan

oorslaan (present slaan oor, present participle oorslaande, past participle oorgeslaan)

slaan oor (present)
oorslaande (participle present)
oorgeslaan (participle past)


moeisaam

af-adj

moeisaam (attributive moeisame, comparative moeisamer, superlative moeisaamste)

moeisame (attributive)
moeisamer (comparative)
moeisaamste (superlative)


ݗ

The tenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet in the Arabic script.(https://omniglot.com/writing/afrikaans.htm)


huwelik

From Middle Dutch huwelic, huweleec, compound of huwen (“to marry”) + leec (“singing; playing, game”), thus originally referring to the wedding celebration (or less likely the sexual union). Compare Dutch huwelijk.


burgerlike verbintenis

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burgerlike verbintenis (plural burgerlike verbintenisse)

civil partnership, civil union (legal union to regulate the relationships of gay and lesbian couples)


burgerlike verbintenisse

burgerlike verbintenis
burgerlike verbintenis#Afrikaans


burgerlik

af-adj

burgerlik (attributive burgerlike, comparative burgerliker, superlative burgerlikste)

burgerlike (attributive)
burgerliker (comparative)
burgerlikste (superlative)

From Dutch burgerlijk. Equivalent to burger + -lik.


melkskommel

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melkskommel (plural melkskommels, diminutive melkskommeltjie)

melkskommels (plural)
melkskommeltjie (diminutive)

From melk + skommel, calque of English milkshake.


slimfoon

From slim + foon, calque of English smartphone.


jou ma se poes

(vulgar, offensive) An insulting expression of contempt.


dokkie

2014, Leon van Nierop, Vuurvreter, LAPA Uitgewers (publ.).
Sy spring op en klap hom saggies seen sy rug. “Dis fantasties! Dit gaan deel wees van ons dokkie. Hierdie skote is goud en...”

She jumps up and softly pats him on his back. "This is fantastic! This is going to be part of our docu. These shots are gold and..."


wynruit

From Dutch wijnruit. Equivalent to wyn + ruit.

Ruta graveolens
Ruta graveolens#Translingual


Katoliek

af-adj

Katoliek (attributive Katolieke, not comparable)

From Dutch katholiek, from Latin catholicus, from Ancient Greek κᾰθολῐκός (kătholĭkós).


koors

From Dutch koorts, from Middle Dutch corts, further etymology unknown.


makoppa

Borrowed from Northern or Southern Sotho.


aankomeling

From Dutch aankomeling. Equivalent to aankom + -e- + -ling.


baasspeler

A bossy person, someone who often acts as if in charge.


meerderheidsbelang

(business, uncommon) majority stake, majority interest


onaards

onaards (attributive onaardse, not comparable)


stokkielekker

Compound of stokkie (“stick”) + lekker (“sweet, candy”).

com+

2013, Cheryl Rogers, Die regte tyd, LAPA Uitgewers (publ.).
Hy sou vir haar stokkielekkers en sjokolade ook aangedra het as sy oud genoeg was om dit te kon eet.

He would have also brought lollipops and chocolate along had she been old enough to be able to eat it.


suigstokkie

Compound of suig (“to suck”) + stokkie (“stick”).

2007, Etienne Van Heerden, Asbesmiddag, Tafelberg (publ.).
Hulle het 'n suigstokkie vir die kind — dis duidelik dat hulle goed voorbereid gekom het.

They have a lollipop for the child — it's clear that have come well prepared.


seeskap

From see + -skap, calque of English seascape.

2017, Vita du Preez, Wilde klawer, LAPA Uitgewers (publ.).
'n Olieverfskildery van 'n vuurtoring, 'n hawetoneel en verskeie ander vintage seeskappe hang hulle bokant die buffet in die eetkamer.

They hang an oil painting of a lighthouse, a harbour scene and various other vintage seascapes above the sideboard in the dining room.


seekomkommer

From Dutch zeekomkommer. Equivalent to see + komkommer.

sea cucumber, echinoderm of the class Holothuroidea


vaatweefsel

From Dutch vaatweefsel. Equivalent to vat (“vein”) + weefsel (“tissue”).


naasoormôre

From naas (“next to”) + oormôre (“day after tomorrow”).


naaseergister

From naas (“next to”) + eergister (“day before yesterday”).


afdelingswinkel

From afdeling + -s- + winkel, calque of English department store.


strepieskode

From strepie + -s- + kode, calque of Dutch streepjescode, a calque of English barcode.


staafkode

/ˈstɑːfˌkʊə̯də/

From staaf + kode, calque of English barcode.


aalfuike

/ˈɑːl.fœɪ̯.kə/


aalbessie

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aalbessie (plural aalbessies, diminutive aalbessietjie)

aalbessies (plural)
aalbessietjie (diminutive)

From Dutch aalbes. Related to bessie (“berry”), but the element aal- is of uncertain provenance.


skoolvoeding

school meal, school meals (food/meals provided by school)


lasterveldtog

Compound of laster + veldtog. Cf. Dutch lasterveldtocht.


kiesa

af-verb

kiesa (present kiesa, present participle kiesaende, past participle gekiesa)

kiesa (present)
kiesaende (participle present)
gekiesa (participle past)

Sifreën aan die ander kant, val aanhoudend. Soms kiesa, of kwietsja, dit dae aaneen.

2018 September 7, Jana Luther, “Jaloersbuie tot komloertjie en dambrekerbuie”, in Beeld:

Mist rain, on the other hand, falls continuously. Sometimes it drizzles, or mizzles, for days on end.

(rare) to drizzle, to rain lightly in fine droplets


kieliebak

'n Dans van wang teen wang, 'n neus in elke agternek, 'n neus in elke kieliebak.

1997, Johann de Lange, Soort soek soort. 'n Versameling alternatiewe ervarings, page 100:

A dance of jowl to jowl, a nose in every nape of the neck, a nose in every armpit.


stoomroller

From stoom + roller, calque of English steamroller.


stoomroller

stoomroller (present stoomroller, present participle stoomrollerende, past participle gestoomroller)

stoomroller (present)
stoomrollerende (participle present)
gestoomroller (participle past)


outomatiese tellermasjien

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outomatiese tellermasjien (plural outomatiese tellermasjiene)

Borrowed from English automatic teller machine.

automated teller machine
automated teller machine

automatic teller machine
automatic teller machine

automated teller machine, automatic teller machine


heipaal

/ˈɦəi̯.pɑːl/

From Dutch heipaal. Equivalent to hei + paal.

A pile (pole or beam driven into the ground as part of a foundation).


boschjesman

From Dutch boschjesman, from boschje + man.

A Bosjesman, Bushman; a member from one of the tribes native to Southwestern Africa.


tweede kom

Hy sal tweede kom.


konsentrasiekamp

From konsentrasie + kamp, calque of English concentration camp.


paddavoet

Compound of padda (“frog”) + voet (“foot”).

(chiefly in the plural) A flipper, a fin (swimming gear).


tekkie

→ English: takkie


breekwater

Borrowed from English breakwater, or possibly from Dutch breekwater, which borrowed it from English. Equivalent to breek + water.


siektekiem

From Dutch ziektekiem. Equivalent to siekte (“disease, sickness”) + kiem.

(uncommon, chiefly in the plural) A germ, a pathogen.


verassing

From Dutch verassing. Equivalent to veras + -s + -ing.


Kosovaar

Kosovaar (plural Kosovare, diminutive Kosovaartjie)

Kosovare (plural)
Kosovaartjie (diminutive)

Kosovan; Kosovar (person from Kosovo or of Kosovan descent)


veldfliek

From veld (“field”) + fliek (“film, movie”), based on English drive-in movie.


inry

af-verb

inry (present ry in, present participle inryende, past participle ingery)

ry in (present)
inryende (participle present)
ingery (participle past)

From Dutch inrijden, from Middle Dutch inriden.

(transitive, intransitive) to drive in, to drive into (something)


inry

Calque of English drive-in, after etymology 1.

A drive-in, an outdoor cinema accessed in one's car.


virrie

(Cape Afrikaans) Contraction of vir die.


optog

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optog (plural optogte, diminutive optoggie)

From Dutch optocht. By surface analysis, op + tog.

a procession; a steady forward movement or progression


kosmenger

/ˈkɔsˌmɛŋər/

Compound of kos + menger; perhaps a calque of English food mixer.


bromponie

2019, Jaco Jacobs, Monsterpizza, Lapa Uitgewer (publ.).
Die bromponie staan voor die winkel en wag. Agter op die bromponie is 'n spesiale houer. Zia se pa het dit self ontwerp. Dit hou die pizzas warm.

The motorscooter is standing in front of the store waiting. On the back of the motorscooter is a special container. Zia's father invented it himself. It keeps the pizzas warm.


tiekieboks

Borrowed from English tickey box. Equivalent to tiekie + boks.


veselperske

Compound of vesel (“fibre”) + perske (“peach”).


honneursstudent

From honneurs + student, calque of English honours student.


vonkprop

From vonk + prop, calque of English spark plug.


duikweg

2016, Chanette Paul, Offerande, part 2 of the Offer series, LAPA Uitgewers.
Caz kom tot stilstand en sorg dat sy met haar rug na die donker duikweg staan.

Caz comes to a standstill and makes sure that she stands with her back towards the dark tunnel.


spoedbult

From spoed + bult, calque of English speed bump.


branderplank

branderplank (plural branderplanke, diminutive branderplankie)

branderplanke (plural)
branderplankie (diminutive)

From brander + plank, calque of English surfboard.


inryteater

From inry + teater, calque of English drive-in theater.

A drive-in theater, an outdoor cinema accessed in one's car.


stadsaal

stadsaal (plural stadsale, diminutive stadsaaltjie)

stadsale (plural)
stadsaaltjie (diminutive)

From stad + saal, calque of English city hall.


Abbreviation of twee-en-twintigste (“22nd”).


Abbreviation of drie-en-twintigste (“23rd”).


Abbreviation of vier-en-twintigste (“24th”).


Abbreviation of vyf-en-twintigste (“25th”).


Abbreviation of ses-en-twintigste (“26th”).


Abbreviation of sewe-en-twintigste (“27th”).


Abbreviation of agt-en-twintigste (“28th”).


Abbreviation of nege-en-twintigste (“29th”).


kontak

From Dutch contact, from French contact, from Latin contactus.


veteraanmotor

veteraanmotor (plural veteraanmotors, diminutive veteraanmotortjie)

veteraanmotors (plural)
veteraanmotortjie (diminutive)

/fɪə̯.təˈrɑːnˌmʊə̯.tər/

Verder was daar sy voorliefde om met nederige ou motortjies rond te ry, wat seker heelwat méér werd sou wees as hulle, goed gepoleerd, saam met veteraanmotors uitgestal sou word.

Besides there was his preference to drive around with humble old little cars, that would surely be worth very much more if they, well-polished, would be exhibited together with classic cars.


teerpad

teerpad (plural teerpaaie, diminutive teerpaadjie)

teerpaaie (plural)
teerpaadjie (diminutive)


wonderlik

af-adj

wonderlik (attributive wonderlike, comparative wonderliker, superlative wonderlikste)

wonderlike (attributive)
wonderliker (comparative)
wonderlikste (superlative)

From Dutch wonderlijk, from Middle Dutch wonderlijc, from Old Dutch wunderlīk. Equivalent to wonder + -lik.


kuier

af-verb

kuier (present kuier, present participle kuierende, past participle gekuier)

kuier (present)
kuierende (participle present)
gekuier (participle past)

From Dutch kuieren, from Middle Dutch cuderen.

(intransitive) to walk leisurely, to gallivant


verjaarsdag

From Dutch verjaardag. Equivalent to verjaar + -s- + dag.


woonstel

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woonstel (plural woonstelle, diminutive woonstelletjie)

woonstelle (plural)
woonstelletjie (diminutive)


haarspeld

Borrowed from Dutch haarspeld. Equivalent to haar + speld.


haarnaald

From Dutch haarnaald. Equivalent to haar + naald.


winkelsentrum

winkelsentrum (plural winkelsentrums or winkelsentra, diminutive winkelsentrumpie)

winkelsentrums (plural)
winkelsentra (plural)
winkelsentrumpie (diminutive)

From Dutch winkelcentrum or a direct calque of English shopping centre. Equivalent to winkel + sentrum.


soontoe

(to) there, thither, thereto (indicating motion toward a relatively distant place)


poskantoor

poskantoor (plural poskantore, diminutive postkantoortjie)

poskantore (plural)
postkantoortjie (diminutive)

From Dutch postkantoor. Equivalent to pos + kantoor.


skarminkel

From Dutch scharminkel (“scrag, scrawny creature or object”), probably semantically influenced by an obsolete sense like “demon” or “skeleton”, from Middle Dutch scheminkel, from older siminkel (“monkey, ape”), ultimately from Late Latin *simiunculus or its feminine form, from simius (“monkey”), or alternatively from Middle Dutch simme with a Dutch diminutive.

inh

Hy's 'n regte skarminkel!


huisie-huisie

mommies and daddies, the game of playing house (children's game)


piering

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piering (plural pierings, diminutive pierinkie)

pierings (plural)
pierinkie (diminutive)

Borrowed from Malay piring, from Classical Persian پرنگ (piring, “copper”).


nooiensvan

From nooi + -ens- + van, calque of English maiden name.

Staan u miskien ingeskryf onder u nooiensvan?

Are you perhaps registered under your maiden name?


naweek

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naweek (plural naweke, diminutive nawekie)

/ˈnɑː.vɪə̯k/


plek-plek

Dalk is die liefde soos die reën:
 Dit sal die aarde plek-plek seën.
 Die mense op die bus sê: Ja!
 Verspreide buie hier en daar.

1999, “Die mense op die bus”performed by Laurika Rauch:

Perhaps love is like rain:
 It’ll bless the earth here and there.
 The people on the bus say: Yes!
 Widespread showers here and there.


sonneblom

→ Sotho: sonobolomo

From Dutch zonnebloem. Equivalent to son + -e- + blom.

A sunflower, flower of the genus Helianthus.


vrugteskommel

Compound of vrug + -e- + skommel, modelled on melkskommel.


skaatsplank

From skaats + plank, calque of English skateboard.


gebaretaal

/χəˈbɑː.rəˌtɑːl/

From Dutch gebarentaal. Equivalent to gebaar (“gesture, sign”) + -e- + taal (“language”).


speelgrond

From speel + grond, calque of English playground.


pynstiller

From Dutch pijnstiller. Equivalent to pyn + stil + -er.


spyker

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spyker (plural spykers, diminutive spykertjie)

spykers (plural)
spykertjie (diminutive)

→ Fwe: kà-píkírì

→ Sotho: sepekere

→ Zulu: sipikili

Fanagalo: spikil

From Dutch spijker, from Middle Dutch spiker.

nail (metal pin used as a fastener by piercing objects together)


erfenisgebied

From erfenis + gebied, calque of English heritage site.


sakdoek

sakdoek (plural sakdoeke, diminutive sakdoekie)

sakdoeke (plural)
sakdoekie (diminutive)

→ Sotho: sakatuku

From Dutch zakdoek. Equivalent to sak + doek.


kinderwa

kinderwa (plural kinderwaens, diminutive kinderwaentjie)

kinderwaens (plural)
kinderwaentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch kinderwagen. Equivalent to kinder (“child”) + wa (“car, vehicle”).

(chiefly diminutive) A baby carriage, a pram, a stroller.


melktand

melktand (plural melktande, diminutive melktandjie)

melktande (plural)
melktandjie (diminutive)

From Dutch melktand. Equivalent to melk + tand.


staatshoof

From Dutch staatshoofd. Equivalent to staat + -s- + hoof.


skottelgoed

(collective) the dishes (in particular in the context of washing up)


tandeborsel

tandeborsel (plural tandeborsels, diminutive tandeborseltjie)

tandeborsels (plural)
tandeborseltjie (diminutive)


jil

af-verb

jil (present jil, present participle jillende, past participle gejil)

jil (present)
jillende (participle present)
gejil (participle past)


egpaar

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egpaar (plural egpare, diminutive egpaartjie)

From Dutch echtpaar. Equivalent to eg (“marriage”) + paar (“couple”).


babelas

→ English: babalaas

→ German: babbelas


bedonnerd

af-adj

bedonnerd (attributive bedonnerde, comparative bedonnerder, superlative bedonnerdste)

bedonnerde (attributive)
bedonnerder (comparative)
bedonnerdste (superlative)

(colloquial) Alternative form of bedonderd


loopafstand

German: Gehabstand (calque)

From loop (“walk”) + afstand (“distance”).

walking distance; the distance of a comfortable walk


Oegandees

Oegandees (attributive Oegandese, not comparable)


Oegandees

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Oegandees (plural Oegandese, diminutive Oegandesie)

Oegandese (plural)
Oegandesie (diminutive)


buikholte

buikholte (plural buikholtes, diminutive buikholtetjie)

buikholtes (plural)
buikholtetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch buikholte. Compound of buik (“stomach, abdomen”) + holte (“cavity”).


briefkaart

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briefkaart (plural briefkaarte, diminutive briefkaartjie)

briefkaarte (plural)
briefkaartjie (diminutive)

From Dutch briefkaart. Equivalent to brief + kaart.


brekfis

af-verb

brekfis (present brekfis, present participle ?, past participle gebrekfis)

brekfis (present)
gebrekfis (participle past)

Myn kêrel! (sê Frans) kan jy nou nog slaap? dis al half 9 en ons het al klaar gebrekfis en netnou gaan die kerk an!”


uit sy duim suig

uit sy duim suig (present uit sy duim suig, present participle uit sy duim suigende, past participle uit sy duim gesuig)

uit sy duim suig (present)
uit sy duim suigende (participle present)
uit sy duim gesuig (participle past)

desc

→ English: suck out of one's thumb (calque)

pull out of one's ass
pull out of one's ass

(transitive) to make up, to fabricate, to pull out of one's ass, to invent


bandopnemer

From band + opneem + -er, calque of English tape recorder.


gemeenskap

head

gemeenskap (plural gemeenskappe, diminutive gemeenskappie)

gemeenskappe (plural)
gemeenskappie (diminutive)

From Dutch gemeenschap, from Middle Dutch gemeenschap. Equivalent to gemeen + -skap.


vlootblou

af-adj

vlootblou (attributive vlootblou, not comparable)

From vloot + blou, calque of English navy blue.


vandeesweek

Compound of van + dees + week. Compare vandag, vanjaar.


tjap

Borrowed from Malay cap. Cf. Dutch sjap.

A stamp (device for imprinting designs).


diensstasie

From diens + stasie, calque of English service station.

A service station, a gas station, a petrol station.


sakevrou

From Dutch zakenvrouw. Equivalent to sake + vrou.


splinternuut

splinternuut (attributive splinternuwe, comparative splinternuwer, superlative splinternuutste)

splinternuwe (attributive)
splinternuwer (comparative)
splinternuutste (superlative)


akkerboom

head

akkerboom (plural akkerbome, diminutive akkerboompie)

akkerbome (plural)
akkerboompie (diminutive)


kweekskool

kweekskool (plural kweekskole, diminutive kweekschooltjie)

kweekskole (plural)
kweekschooltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch kweekschool. Equivalent to kweek + skool.


opdrag

opdrag (plural opdragte, diminutive opdraggie)

opdragte (plural)
opdraggie (diminutive)

From Dutch opdracht, from Middle Dutch opdracht (“swelling, transfer”).


roereier

head

roereier (plural roereiers, diminutive roereiertjie)

roereiers (plural)
roereiertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch roerei, probably from German Rührei. Equivalent to roer (“to stir, scramble”) + eier (“egg”).

compound

(countable) A serving of scrambled eggs; (uncountable) scrambled eggs.


duinebesie

From duin + -e- + besie, calque of English dune buggy.


straatvrou

head

straatvrou (plural straatvroue or straatvrouwens)

straatvroue (plural)
straatvrouwens (plural)


foonsnol

Compound of foon (“phone”) + snol (“slut, whore”).


afwesigheid

From Dutch afwezigheid. Equivalent to afwesig + -heid.


afwesig

af-adj

afwesig (attributive afwesige, not comparable)


perfek

perfek (attributive perfekte, not comparable)

From Dutch perfect, from Middle Dutch perfect, from Latin perfectus.


swembad

head

swembad (plural swembaddens, diminutive swembadjie)

swembaddens (plural)
swembadjie (diminutive)

From Dutch zwembad. Equivalent to swem + bad.


kombers

kombers (plural komberse, diminutive kombersie)

komberse (plural)
kombersie (diminutive)

→ Kwanyama: oshikumbafa


eensaamheid

/ˈɪə̯n.sɑːm.ɦəi̯t/

From Dutch eenzaamheid. Equivalent to eensaam + -heid.


Nigeries

af-adj

Nigeries (attributive Nigeriese, not comparable)


eers

From Dutch eerst, from Middle Dutch êerst, from Old Dutch *ērist, from Proto-West Germanic *airist(ō).

Wil jy my laat hardloop? Ek kan nie eers loop nie!

Do you want me to run? I can't even walk!


palmboom

head

palmboom (plural palmbome, diminutive palmboompie)

palmbome (plural)
palmboompie (diminutive)

From Dutch palmboom, from Middle Dutch palmboom, from Old Dutch [Term?]. Equivalent to palm + boom.


kwyl

From Dutch kwijl, from Middle Dutch quijl.

Daar is kwyl op jou tafel. Het jy babas of troeteldiere?

There is some saliva on your table. Do you have any babies or pets?


kwyl

af-verb

kwyl (present kwyl, present participle kwylende, past participle gekwyl)

kwyl (present)
kwylende (participle present)
gekwyl (participle past)

Sy was kwaad want die hond het op haar nuwe baadjie gekwyl.

She was angry because the dog had drooled onto her new jacket.


meedoënloos

af-adj

meedoënloos (attributive meedoënlose, not comparable)

Frim Dutch meedogenloos. Equivalent to mededoë + -loos with syncope of -d-.


vleg

af-verb

vleg (present vleg, present participle vlegtende, past participle gevleg)

vleg (present)
vlegtende (participle present)
gevleg (participle past)

From Dutch vlechten, from Middle Dutch vlechten, from Old Dutch *flehtan, from Proto-Germanic *flehtaną.


boemelaar

Baie boemelaars slaap in die tonnel.

Many sundowners were sleeping in the tunnel.


seisoen

From Dutch seizoen, from Middle Dutch saisoene, sysoen, from Old French saison, from Latin satiōnem.

season (group of episodes of a television or radio program broadcast in regular intervals with a long break between each group)


pampoen

head

pampoen (plural pampoene, diminutive pampoentjie)

pampoene (plural)
pampoentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch pampoen, obsolete variant of pompoen, from Middle French pompon.

Cucurbita pepo
Cucurbita pepo#Translingual

Luna eet elke oggend pampoen vir ontbyt.

2014, Nelia Engelbrecht, Die seun met die blou hare:

Luna eats pumpkins for breakfast every morning.


grasieus

af-adj

grasieus (attributive grasieuse, not comparable)

From Dutch gracieus, from Middle Dutch gracioos, from Old French gracieus, from Latin grātiōsus.


versuip

af-verb

versuip (present versuip, present participle versuipende, past participle versuip)

versuip (present)
versuipende (participle present)
versuip (participle past)

From Dutch verzuipen. Equivalent to ver- + suip.


seën

From Dutch zegen, from Middle Dutch sēgen, from Old Dutch *segan, from Latin signum. Doublet of sein.

Jy is 'n seën vir die mensheid.


seën

seën (present seën, present participle seënende, past participle geseën)

seën (present)
seënende (participle present)
geseën (participle past)

From Dutch zegenen, from Middle Dutch sēgenen, from Old Dutch *seginon, from Latin signāre. Doublet of sein.

Sy het haar hamer geseën waarmee sy inbrekers moer.

She has blessed her hammer that she uses to whack burglars.

God seën Suid-Afrika.

1996, Parliament of South Africa, “Preamble”, in Constitution of South Africaᵂⁱᵏⁱˢᵒᵘʳᶜᵉ, page 3:


verwyder

verwyder (present verwyder, present participle verwyderende, past participle verwyder)

verwyder (present)
verwyderende (participle present)
verwyder (participle past)


juis

af-adj

juis (attributive juiste, not comparable)

From Dutch juist, from Middle Dutch juust, from Old French juste, from Latin iūstus, from Proto-Italic *jowestos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-.


juis

actually, on the other hand, in fact, conversely


verwysing

head

verwysing (plural verwysings or verwysinge (dated))

verwysings (plural)
verwysinge (dated plural)

/fərˈʋəi̯.səŋ/

From Dutch verwijzing. Equivalent to verwys + -ing.


sieke

Hulle het ’n gesonde kind en ’n sieke.

They have a healthy child and a sick one.

Die verpleegster het die sieke versorg.


fisant

From a variant of Dutch fazant, from Middle Dutch faisant, rare form of fasaen, from Old French fesant, from Latin phāsiānus, from Ancient Greek φᾱσιανός (phāsianós).

pheasant, bird of the family Phasianidae


samevatting

From Dutch samenvatting. Equivalent to samevat + -ing.


ysig

af-adj

ysig (attributive ysige, comparative ysiger, superlative ysigste)

ysige (attributive)
ysiger (comparative)
ysigste (superlative)

From Dutch ijzig, from Middle Dutch isich. Equivalent to ys + -ig.


daaiman

Borrowed from English diamond. Doublet of diamant.


dommie

(historical, mining) A piece of mining equipment on rollers used to sieve out valuable materials.


spraakvryheid

From spraak + vryheid, likely a calque of English freedom of speech.


uittog

head

uittog (plural uittogte, diminutive uittoggie)

uittogte (plural)
uittoggie (diminutive)

From Dutch uittocht. Equivalent to uit + tog.


presies

af-adj

presies (attributive presiese, comparative presieser, superlative presiesste)

presiese (attributive)
presieser (comparative)
presiesste (superlative)

From Dutch precies, from Middle French precis, from Latin precisus, from praecīsus.


skedel

head

skedel (plural skedels, diminutive skedeltjie)

skedels (plural)
skedeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch schedel, from Middle Dutch schedele, from Old Dutch skēthila, *skeithila (“part, crown, crest, summit”), from Proto-West Germanic *skaidilu (“part in the hair, top, crown, crest, summit”).


feeks

(derogatory) shrew, bitch (malicious or bad-tempered woman)


oorspoel

af-verb

oorspoel (present oorspoel, present participle oorspoelende, past participle oorspoel)

oorspoel (present)
oorspoelende (participle present)
oorspoel (participle past)

From Dutch overspoelen. Equivalent to oor- + spoel.

(transitive) to engulf, to flood, to wash over


plesier

head

plesier (uncountable, diminutive plesiertjie)

From Dutch plezier, from Middle French plaisir, from Old French plaisir, from Latin placeō.


drup

From Dutch drup, from drop, from Middle Dutch drop. The sense “drip” is a semantic loan from English drip.


drup

af-verb

drup (present drup, present participle druppende, past participle gedrup)

drup (present)
druppende (participle present)
gedrup (participle past)

From Dutch druppen, from Middle Dutch droppen.


meersinnig

af-adj

meersinnig (attributive meersinnige, comparative meersinniger, superlative meersinnigste)

meersinnige (attributive)
meersinniger (comparative)
meersinnigste (superlative)

From Dutch meerzinnig. Equivalent to meer + sin + -ig.


publikasie

From Dutch publicatie, from Middle Dutch publicatie, from Middle French publication, from Latin pūblicātiō.


wysheid

From Dutch wijsheid, from Middle Dutch wijsheit, from Old Dutch wīshēt. Equivalent to wys + -heid.


enersyds

From Dutch enerzijds, from German einerseits.


andersyds

From Dutch anderzijds, from German anderseits.


tegniek

From Dutch techniek, from French technique, from Ancient Greek τεχνικός (tekhnikós, “of or pertaining to art, artistic, skilful”), from τέχνη (tékhnē, “art, handicraft”).

der

Sy het slimme tegnieke om aanvallers te oormeester.

She has clever techniques to subdue muggers.

Die innoverende tegnieke van die besigheid is maatskappygeheime.

The innovative technologies of the business are company secrets.


ou-ou

af-adj

ou-ou (attributive ou-ou, not comparable)

Reduplication of ou (attributive form of oud).


versigtig

versigtig (attributive versigtige, comparative versigtiger, superlative versigtigste)

versigtige (attributive)
versigtiger (comparative)
versigtigste (superlative)

/ˌfərˈsəχ.təχ/

From Dutch voorzichtig, from Middle Dutch voresichtich.


verbygaan

af-verb

verbygaan (present gaan verby, present participle verbygaande, past participle verbygegaan)

gaan verby (present)
verbygaande (participle present)
verbygegaan (participle past)

/fərˈbəi̯ˌχɑːn/

From Dutch voorbijgaan, from Middle Dutch vorebigaen. Equivalent to verby + gaan.


onteenseglik

af-adj

onteenseglik (attributive onteenseglike, comparative onteensegliker, superlative onteenseglikste)

onteenseglike (attributive)
onteensegliker (comparative)
onteenseglikste (superlative)


vanaand

tonight, this evening (in the evening of the current day)


saamkom

af-verb

saamkom (present kom saam, present participle saamkomende, past participle saamgekom)

kom saam (present)
saamkomende (participle present)
saamgekom (participle past)

From Dutch samenkomen, from Middle Dutch samencōmen.

(intransitive) to come along, to come with, to join


gelowige

/χəˈlʊə̯.və.χə/

From Dutch gelovige. Inflected form of gelowig.


gelowig

af-adj

gelowig (attributive gelowige, comparative gelowiger, superlative gelowigste)

gelowige (attributive)
gelowiger (comparative)
gelowigste (superlative)

/χəˈlʊə̯.vəχ/

From Dutch gelovig, from Middle Dutch gelôvich.


kluisenaar

From Dutch kluizenaar, from Middle Dutch clusenâre.


geheue

From Dutch geheugen, originally a verb, from Middle Dutch gehuegen, from Old Dutch *gihuggen, from Proto-Germanic *gahugjaną.


grensoorlog

From Dutch grensoorlog. Equivalent to grens + oorlog.

A border war (war at and/or about borders).


daai

(colloquial, Western Cape) Alternative form of daardie


publiseer

af-verb

publiseer (present publiseer, present participle publiserende, past participle gepubliseer)

publiseer (present)
publiserende (participle present)
gepubliseer (participle past)

From Dutch publiceren, from Middle Dutch publiceren, from Middle French publicer, from Latin pūblicō.


geelperske

/ˈχɪə̯lˌpɛrs.kə/


versaak

versaak (present versaak, present participle versakende, past participle versaak)

versaak (present)
versakende (participle present)
versaak (participle past)

From Dutch verzaken, from Middle Dutch versāken, from Old Dutch farsacan, from Proto-West Germanic *frasakan (“to forsake, renounce”).


skaamte

From Dutch schaamte, from Middle Dutch schaemde. Equivalent to skaam + -te.


voedsaam

af-adj

voedsaam (attributive voedzame, comparative voedzamer, superlative voedsaamste)

voedzame (attributive)
voedzamer (comparative)
voedsaamste (superlative)

From Dutch voedzaam. Equivalent to voed + -saam.


skoon

skoon (attributive skoon, comparative skoner, superlative skoonste)

skoon (attributive)
skoner (comparative)
skoonste (superlative)

From Dutch schoon, from Middle Dutch schône, from Old Dutch scōni, from Proto-Germanic *skauniz.


skoon

skoon (attributive skone, comparative skoner, superlative skoonste)

skone (attributive)
skoner (comparative)
skoonste (superlative)


borsmelk

Compound of bors + melk, likely at least influenced and reinforced by English breastmilk.


onkruiddoder

A herbicide (agent for destroying unwanted plantlife).


skaamteloos

skaamteloos (attributive schaamtelose, comparative schaamteloser, superlative skaamteloosste)

schaamtelose (attributive)
schaamteloser (comparative)
skaamteloosste (superlative)

From Dutch schaamteloos. Equivalent to skaamte + -loos.


verskiet

af-verb

verskiet (present verskiet, present participle verskietende, past participle verskiet)

verskiet (present)
verskietende (participle present)
verskiet (participle past)

From Dutch verschieten, from Middle Dutch verschieten. Equivalent to ver- + skiet (“to shoot”).

(intransitive) to change colour due to trauma or a shift in mood


salmander

From Dutch salamander, from Middle Dutch salamander, from Latin salamandra, from Ancient Greek σαλαμάνδρα (salamándra). The second a was unstressed and could therefore drop out; in several Dutch dialects it is realised as schwa.


klewerig

af-adj

klewerig (attributive klewerige, comparative kleweriger, superlative klewerigste)

klewerige (attributive)
kleweriger (comparative)
klewerigste (superlative)

From Dutch kleverig. Equivalent to kleef (“to stick”) + -erig (“-y”).


afsaag

af-verb

afsaag (present saag af, present participle afsagende, past participle afgesaag)

saag af (present)
afsagende (participle present)
afgesaag (participle past)

From Dutch afzagen, from Middle Dutch afsagen. Equivalent to af + saag.

Toe sy die takke snoei met 'n saag, het sy haar arm afgesaag.

When she was pruning branches with a saw, she sawed her arm off.


mosterdgas

Compound of mosterd + gas. Perhaps borrowed from Dutch mosterdgas or English mustard gas, ultimately from German Senfgas.


klankwet

From Dutch klankwet, from German Lautgesetz. Equivalent to klank + wet.


begripsraamwerk

Compound of begrip (“concept”) + -s- + raamwerk (“framework”).


onbeteuelbaar

af-adj

onbeteuelbaar (attributive onbeteuelbare, not comparable)


siklus

From Dutch cyclus, from Latin cyclus, from Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos, “circle”).


tjorts

af-verb

tjorts (present tjorts, present participle tjortsende, past participle getjorts)

tjorts (present)
tjortsende (participle present)
getjorts (participle past)


spaarsamig

af-adj

spaarsamig (attributive spaarsamige, comparative spaarsamiger, superlative spaarsamigste)

spaarsamige (attributive)
spaarsamiger (comparative)
spaarsamigste (superlative)


spaarwiel

From spaar + wiel, calque of English spare wheel.


spaarvark

head

spaarvark (plural spaarvarke, diminutive spaarvarkie)

spaarvarke (plural)
spaarvarkie (diminutive)

From spaar (“to save (up)”) + vark (“pig”). Perhaps from Dutch spaarvarken.

(chiefly diminutive) piggy bank, pig-shaped container to save change in


kneg

From Dutch knecht, from Middle Dutch cnecht, from Old Dutch *kneht, from Proto-West Germanic *kneht.


ondergrond

underground, subsoil, subsurface, bottom


ruiker

ruiker (plural ruikers, diminutive ruikertjie)

ruikers (plural)
ruikertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch ruiker, from Middle Dutch ruker. Equivalent to ruik + -er.


handruiker

From Dutch handruiker. Equivalent to hand + ruiker.


stillewe

stillewe (plural stillewes or stillewens)

From Dutch stilleven. Equivalent to stil + lewe.


inenting

/ˈənˌɛn.təŋ/

From Dutch inenting. Equivalent to inent + -ing.


byna

From Dutch bijna, from Middle Dutch bina. Equivalent to a univerbation of by + na.


skaars

af-adj

skaars (attributive skaars, comparative skaarser, superlative skaarste)

skaars (attributive)
skaarser (comparative)
skaarste (superlative)


vrymesselaar

head

vrymesselaar (plural vrymesselaars, diminutive vrymesselaartjie)

vrymesselaars (plural)
vrymesselaartjie (diminutive)

vry (“free”) + messelaar (“mason”). From Dutch vrijmetselaar.


messelaar

messelaar (plural messelaars, diminutive messelaartjie)

messelaars (plural)
messelaartjie (diminutive)

From Dutch metselaar, from Middle Dutch metselare.


plaasaanval

A farm attack, a violent crime committed or attempted at a farm.


skoorsteen

skoorsteen (plural skoorstene, diminutive skoorsteentjie)

skoorstene (plural)
skoorsteentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch schoorsteen, from Middle Dutch schoorsteen, originally meaning a fireplace supporting a smoke channel, like the word chimney.


wildekastaiing

Watse bosboom sal sy aanbeveel? Wildekastaiing. Vertel my van die boom.

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, page 194:

What kind of forest tree would she recommend? Cape chestnut. Tell me about that tree.


soebat

af-verb

soebat (present soebat, present participle soebattende, past participle gesoebat)

soebat (present)
soebattende (participle present)
gesoebat (participle past)

Sy sal op haar eie knieë afsak om hom vir plek te soebat. "Asseblief, oom."

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, page 103:

She would go down on her knees to beg him for a place. "Please, Sir."


stinkhout

"En watter hout, soos ons almal weet, is die koningshout in hierdie bos?" "Stinkhout, meneer."

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, page 56:

"And which wood is, as we all know, the king of all woods in this forest?" "Black stinkwood, Sir."

any of several other tree species which release a strong smell when freshly felled, such as Celtis africana (witstinkhout), Celtis gomphophylla (growweblaarstinkhout), Prunus africana (rooistinkhout), or Celtis mildbraedii (rooivrugwitstinkhout)


witels

Hulle is baie gevaarlik; beste is om maar altijd 'n stinkhout of 'n witels in die oog te hou om in op te klim vir ingeval hulle jou jaag[…].

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, page 48:

They are very dangerous; it is best to always keep an eye on a black stinkwood or a Platylophus trifoliatus to climb up in, for in case they come after you […].

Platylophus trifoliatus, a tree endemic to South Africa


ysterhout

Anderkant die witpeer staan nog een met sy takke verstrengel in 'n ysterhout soos vashou aan mekaar.

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, page 173:

At the other side of the white pear stood another one with its branches tangled up in an ironwood olive, as if holding on to each other.

black ironwood, ironwood olive, Olea capensis


Samoaan

head

Samoaan (plural Samoane, diminutive Samoaantjie)

Samoane (plural)
Samoaantjie (diminutive)

Samoan (person from Samoa or of Samoan descent)


VK

Verenigde Koninkryk
Verenigde Koninkryk#Afrikaans

Initialism of Verenigde Koninkryk: United Kingdom, UK


geelhout

[…] wat berge dwarslêers uit geelhout en stinkhout gekap en gemoot het vir die treinspore – al het min van hulle idee gehad hoe 'n regte trein lyk.

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, page 34:

[…] who had cut piles of sleepers out of broad-leaved yellowwood and black stinkwood for the train tracks – even though none of them had had any idea of what an actual train looks like.

broad-leaved yellowwood
w:en:broad-leaved yellowwood

Podocarpus latifolius
Wikispecies:Podocarpus latifolius

geelhout (broad-leaved yellowwood (Podocarpus latifolius), or any other tree of genus Podocarpus)


Mahikeng

Mahikeng (the capital city of North West, South Africa)


nooduitgang

nooduitgang (plural nooduitgange, diminutive nooduitgangetjie)

nooduitgange (plural)
nooduitgangetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch nooduitgang. Compound of nood (“distress”) + uitgang (“exit”).


entstof

From Dutch entstof. Equivalent to ent + stof.


swaai

swaai (plural swaaie, diminutive swaaitjie)


swaai

af-verb

swaai (present swaai, present participle swaaiende, past participle geswaai)

swaai (present)
swaaiende (participle present)
geswaai (participle past)


Londens

af-adj

Londens (attributive Londense, not comparable)

London, Londonish (of, from, or pertaining to London)


respek

From Dutch respect, from Middle French respect, from Old French respect, from Latin respectus.


ogiesdraad

/ˈʊə̯.χisˌdrɑːt/

Compound of ogie (“small eye”) + -s- + draad (“wire”).


kafferkoring

→ Dutch: kafferkoren

kaffer (“African”) (now offensive) + koring (“grain”).

Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolor#Translingual

(now offensive) sorghum, Sorghum bicolor


kafferboontjie

kaffer (“African”) (now offensive) + boontjie (“bean”).

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata#Translingual

(now offensive) cowpea; Vigna unguiculata


kafferboom

kaffer (“African”) (now offensive) + boom (“tree”).

(now offensive) coral tree, especially Erythrina caffra


koraalboom

coral tree, especially Erythrina lysistemon


kafferpak

(offensive) A severe beating, literally or figuratively


klonkie

Diminutive of blend of klein (“small”) + jong (“boy”). Compare English boy (“Any non-white male, regardless of age”).

(derogatory) diminutive of klong, diminutive of klonk


Swartberg

A mountain range in Western Cape, South Africa


Kleurling

The coloured race; a person, neither black nor white


kaffertulp

kaffer (“African”) (now offensive) + tulp (“tulip”)

(now offensive) star grass (Hypoxis spp.)


Oos-Kaap

Eastern Cape (a province of South Africa)


Vrystaat

→ Sotho: Freistata

→ Swazi: Fuleyistata

→ Tswana: Foreistata

→ Xhosa: iFreyistata

→ Zulu: iFleyistata

Clipping of Oranje-Vrystaat, the name of one of the provinces of both the Union of South Africa and the Republic of South Africa from 1910 to 1994, deriving its name from the former Boer republic of the same name which encompassed the same territory as the modern-day province.

Free State (a province of South Africa; capital: Bloemfontein)


Noord-Kaap

Northern Cape (a province of South Africa; capital: Kimberley)


Noordwes

North West (a province of South Africa; capital: Mahikeng)


Wes-Kaap

Western Cape (a province of South Africa; capital: Kaapstad)


skuil

af-verb

skuil (present skuil, present participle skuilende, past participle geskuil)

skuil (present)
skuilende (participle present)
geskuil (participle past)


kaffertjie

Wurmbea spicata, a plant with dark flowers.

(offensive, ethnic slur) A black person, notably a (Southern African) Bantu.


kafferkraai

kaffer (“Bantu, kaffir”) + kraai (“crow”)


steekkweek

Stipagrostis namaquensis, one of several species known as bushman grass.


twagras

Any of the species of the grass genus Aristida sensu lato growing in southern Africa; bushman grass.


boesmangras

(now offensive) Any of the species of the grass genus Aristida sensu lato growing in southern Africa.


patryshout

patrys (“partridge”) + hout (“wood”). Possibly influenced by, or an influence on, the English word partridge-wood, which is sometimes used to refer to the same tree.

panga panga; the wood of Millettia stuhlmannii


broodboom

From Dutch broodboom, equivalent to brood + boom.


polvygie

head

polvygie (plural polvygies, diminutive polvygie)

polvygies (plural)
polvygie (diminutive)

A plant in the family Aizoaceae, especially Bergeranthus scapiger.


meidebossie

From meid (“young Black woman”) (now offensive) + bossie (“small bush”).

af

(now offensive) uhaloa; Waltheria indica


geelmagriet

head

geelmagriet (plural geelmagriets, diminutive geelmagrietjie)

geelmagriets (plural)
geelmagrietjie (diminutive)


gousblom

Any of several species of plants in the sunflower family, especially members of the tribe Arctotideae and genus Arctotis.


aasvoëlbessie

Literally, “vulture-berry”, from Dutch aasvogel + bes.

Maurocenia frangula, a shrub endemic to a small area of the Western Cape region, or its fruit.


wildejasmyn

At least two plants in the olive family.

Jasminum angulare, a South African species of jasmine.


janblom

A large frog belonging to genus Breviceps, especially Breviceps gibbosus.


bangbroek

Equivalent to bang (“afraid”) + broek (“pants”), literally “scaredy pants”.


koorsbos

Equivalent to koors (“fever”) + bos (“bush”)

Coleonema juniperinum, a small shrub native to southern Africa.


voëlent

Any of several species of hemiparasitic mistletoe in genus Viscum.


blinkblaar

Equivalent to blink (“shine”) + blaar (“leaf”)

Rhamnus prinoides, an African species of buckthorn with shiny leaves.


boesmankers

Equivalent to Boesman (“Bushman”) + kers (“candle”)

bushman's candle; small shrubs in genus Sarcocaulon.


dagbreker

Compound of dag (“day”) + breker (“breaker”)

(bird) Any of the chats of South Africa.


vrouebossie

Geranium incanum, a wild geranium used as an herbal tea; carpet geranium


lidjiestee

An herbal tea made from either of two species of Thesium: Thesium macrostachyum or Thesium spicatum.


ordentlik

af-adj

ordentlik (attributive ordentlike, comparative ordentliker, superlative ordentlikste)

ordentlike (attributive)
ordentliker (comparative)
ordentlikste (superlative)

From Dutch ordentelijk. Equivalent to orden (“to order, tidy”) + -lik, with irregular -t- interfixed.


fouteer

af-verb

fouteer (present fouteer, present participle fouterende, past participle fouteer or gefouteer)

fouteer (present)
fouterende (participle present)
fouteer (participle past)
gefouteer (participle past)

(intransitive) to err, to make a mistake


ounooi

before 1965, Gottfried H. Franz, "Die bekentenis", Verhale van Hananwa, Afrikaanse Pers-Boekhandel (published posthumously), page 23.
Ek was by baas Martien en die ounooi was Hester.

I was working for master Martien and the lady of the household was Hester.

(historical) the wife of the baas, lady of the house; in particular used as a title of address by employees and servants.


Pietermaritzburg

A city, the capital of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa


haakspeld

head

haakspeld (plural haakspelde, diminutive haakspeldjie)

haakspelde (plural)
haakspeldjie (diminutive)


Maleisiër

Maleisiër (plural Maleisiërs, diminutive Maleisiërtjie)

Maleisiërs (plural)
Maleisiërtjie (diminutive)

Malaysian (person from Malaysia or of Malaysian descent)


omsons

From Dutch omsonst, from German umsonst.


invloedsfeer

From Dutch invloedssfeer. Equivalent to invloed + sfeer.


ballingskap

From Dutch ballingschap, from Middle Dutch banlincschap. Equivalent to balling (“exiled person”) + -skap.


besoeker

besoeker (plural besoekers, diminutive besoekertjie)

besoekers (plural)
besoekertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch bezoeker, from Middle Dutch besoeker. Equivalent to besoek + -er.


letterkundig

af-adj

letterkundig (attributive letterkundige, not comparable)

From Dutch letterkundig. Equivalent to letterkunde + -ig.


pynlik

pynlik (attributive pynlike, comparative pynliker, superlative pynlikste)

pynlike (attributive)
pynliker (comparative)
pynlikste (superlative)

From Dutch pijnlijk, from Middle Dutch pijnlijc, pinelike. Equivalent to pyn + -lik.


kortsigtig

kortsigtig (attributive kortsigtige, comparative kortsigtiger, superlative kortsigtigste)

kortsigtige (attributive)
kortsigtiger (comparative)
kortsigtigste (superlative)

From Dutch kortzichtig. Equivalent to kort + sig + -ig.


noukeurig

noukeurig (attributive noukeurige, comparative noukeuriger, superlative noukeurigste)

noukeurige (attributive)
noukeuriger (comparative)
noukeurigste (superlative)

/ˌnœu̯ˈkɪø.rəχ/


besoedel

af-verb

besoedel (present besoedel, present participle besoedelende, past participle besoedel)

besoedel (present)
besoedelende (participle present)
besoedel (participle past)

From Dutch bezoedelen, from German besudeln.

(transitive) to besmirch, to sully, to stain


bouval

From Dutch bouwval, which has possibly been back-formed from bouwvallig.


voorbok

A buck or ram functioning as a bellwether.

A leader, someone in charge or at the forefront.


hoofman

head

hoofman (plural hoofmanne, diminutive hoofdmannetjie)

hoofmanne (plural)
hoofdmannetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch hoofdman, from Middle Dutch hôvetman. Equivalent to hoof + man.


kapater

From Dutch kapater, from Portuguese capado.


keurslyf

Something very tightly arranged or regulated, thereby allowing little freedom; something oppressive, a straitjacket.


skandelik

af-adj

skandelik (attributive skandelike, comparative skandeliker, superlative skandelikste)

skandelike (attributive)
skandeliker (comparative)
skandelikste (superlative)

From Dutch schandelijk, from Middle Dutch schandelijc. Equivalent to skande + -lik.


toesig

From Dutch toezicht, from Middle Dutch toesichte.


vyandig

vyandig (attributive vyandige, comparative vyandiger, superlative vyandigste)

vyandige (attributive)
vyandiger (comparative)
vyandigste (superlative)

From Dutch vijandig. Equivalent to vyand (“enemy”) + -ig (“-y”).

hostile (with an aggressive approach; belonging or appropriate to an enemy)


vyand

From Dutch vijand, from Middle Dutch viant, from Old Dutch fīand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz.


wantrouig

wantrouig (attributive wantrouige, comparative wantrouiger, superlative wantrouigste)

wantrouige (attributive)
wantrouiger (comparative)
wantrouigste (superlative)

From Dutch wantrouwig. Equivalent to wantroue + -ig.


wantroue

From Dutch wantrouwen. Related to wantrou.


samespraak

From Dutch samenspraak, from Middle Dutch samensprake, calque of Latin colloquium. Equivalent to same + spraak.


slagoffer

From Dutch slachtoffer. Equivalent to slag + offer.


onleesbaarheid

/ˌɔnˈlɪə̯s.bɑːr.ɦəi̯t/

From Dutch onleesbaarheid. Equivalent to onleesbaar + -heid.


gesigsuitdrukking

head

gesigsuitdrukking (plural gesigsuitdrukkings or gesigsuitdrukkinge (dated))

gesigsuitdrukkings (plural)
gesigsuitdrukkinge (dated plural)

From Dutch gezichtsuitdrukking. Equivalent to gesig (“face”) + -s- + uitdrukking (“expression”).


ondier

head

ondier (plural ondiere, diminutive ondiertjie)

ondiere (plural)
ondiertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch ondier, from Middle Dutch ondier. Equivalent to on- + dier.

A vermin, a nasty or unwanted beast; a monster.


verbrysel

af-verb

verbrysel (present verbrysel, present participle verbryselende, past participle verbrysel)

verbrysel (present)
verbryselende (participle present)
verbrysel (participle past)


taalbeleid

Compound of taal + beleid. Derivation from Dutch is unlikely.


praalgraf

From Dutch praalgraf. Equivalent to praal + graf.

Die diktators van hierdie land behoort in praalgrafte gesit te word.

The dictators of this country are supposed to be placed in ostentatious graves.

A decorative grave or funerary monument (e.g. a large statue), a mausoleum.


sierwa

Compound of sier + wa. Cf. Dutch praalwagen.

A parade float (a decorated parade car).


dorsvloer

head

dorsvloer (plural dorsvloere, diminutive dorsvloertjie)

dorsvloere (plural)
dorsvloertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch dorsvloer, from Middle Dutch [Term?]. Equivalent to dors + vloer.


doodstil

af-adj

doodstil (attributive doodstille, not comparable)

From Dutch doodstil. Equivalent to dood + stil.


makou

→ Zulu: ikewu

Thought to be ultimately from Portuguese Macau, due to a mistaken belief that the duck originated there. Compare maccoa duck.

Cairina moschata
Cairina moschata#Translingual


losbars

af-verb

losbars (present bars los, present participle losbarstende, past participle losgebars)

bars los (present)
losbarstende (participle present)
losgebars (participle past)

From Dutch losbarsten. Equivalent to los + bars.


versekering

head

versekering (plural versekerings or versekeringe (dated))

versekerings (plural)
versekeringe (dated plural)

From Dutch verzekering. Equivalent to verseker + -ing.

assurance, act of assuring, something that one has assured


rampokker

From Dutch rampokker, ultimately formed from Malay rampok. Equivalent to rampok + -er.


groottoon

groottoon (plural groottone, diminutive groottoontjie)

groottone (plural)
groottoontjie (diminutive)

From Dutch grote teen. Equivalent to groot + toon.


sitkamer

sitkamer (plural sitkamers, diminutive sitkamertjie)

sitkamers (plural)
sitkamertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch zitkamer. Compound of sit + kamer.


leuningstoel

leuningstoel (plural leuningstoele, diminutive leuningstoeltjie)

leuningstoele (plural)
leuningstoeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch leunstoel. Compound of leuning + stoel.


deesdae

Ons eet deesdae dikwels wegneemetes.


korrup

af-adj

korrup (attributive korrupte, comparative korrupter, superlative korrupste)

korrupte (attributive)
korrupter (comparative)
korrupste (superlative)

From Dutch corrupt, from Latin corruptus or from Middle French corrupt.

Ons gaan probeer om die korrupte amptenaar in die pad te laat steek.

We are trying to get the corrupt official to be given the boot.

corrupt (lacking integrity, being prone to discriminating, open to bribes, etc.)

Vir hom was oorlog 'n manier om die korrupte wêreldorde te vernietig.

To him war was a way to destroy the corrupt world order.


kwessie

head

kwessie (plural kwessies, diminutive kwessietjie)

kwessies (plural)
kwessietjie (diminutive)

From Dutch kwestie, from Middle Dutch questie, from Latin quaestiō or perhaps via Old French question (also from Latin).


landsnaam

From Dutch landsnaam. Equivalent to land + -s- + naam.


bruidskat

From Dutch bruidsschat. Equivalent to bruid (“bride”) + skat (“treasure”).


onverhoeds

From Dutch onverhoeds, from Middle Dutch onverhoets.


ooswaarts

From Dutch oostwaarts, from Middle Dutch oostwaert. Equivalent to oos (“east”) + -waarts (“-wards”).


weswaarts

From Dutch westwaarts, from Middle Dutch westwaert. Equivalent to wes (“west”) + -waarts (“-wards”).


suidwaarts

From Dutch zuidwaarts, from Middle Dutch suutwaert. Equivalent to suid (“south”) + -waarts (“-wards”).


voorskoot

voorskoot (plural voorskote, diminutive voorskootjie)

voorskote (plural)
voorskootjie (diminutive)


aandrok

aandrok (plural aandrokke, diminutive aandrokkie)

aandrokke (plural)
aandrokkie (diminutive)


baklei

af-verb

baklei (present baklei, present participle bakleiende, past participle baklei or gebaklei)

baklei (present)
bakleiende (participle present)
baklei (participle past)
gebaklei (participle past)

From Dutch bakkeleien, from Ambonese Malay bakalai, from Malay berkelahi.

(intransitive) to quarrel, to argue, to fight


dophou

dophou (present hou dop, present participle dophoudende, past participle dopgehou)

hou dop (present)
dophoudende (participle present)
dopgehou (participle past)

Derived from the Dutch in de doppen houden, itself an alternative form of in de gaten houden.

(transitive) to keep an eye on, to watch


beeldsend

beeldsend (present beeldsend, present participle beeldsendende, past participle gebeeldsend)

beeldsend (present)
beeldsendende (participle present)
gebeeldsend (participle past)

(transitive) to broadcast on television, to televise


kanonkoeël

From Dutch kanonkogel, an old variant of kanonskogel. Equivalent to kanon + koeël (“bullet”).


klinknael

head

klinknael (plural klinknaels, diminutive klinknaeltjie)

klinknaels (plural)
klinknaeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch klinknagel. Equivalent to klink + nael.


klinknaelbroek

klinknaelbroek (plural klinknaelbroeke, diminutive klinknaelbroekie)

klinknaelbroeke (plural)
klinknaelbroekie (diminutive)

Compound of klinknael + broek. Named after the use of rivets in jeans. Cf. Dutch spijkerbroek (literally “nail trousers”).

noncog

Ek het twee pragtige klinknaelbroeke op die mark by die see gekoop.

I have bought two gorgeous pairs of jeans at the market near the sea.


sinsbou

From Dutch zinsbouw. Equivalent to sin (“sentence”) + -s- + bou (“construction”).

compound

(grammar, chiefly uncountable) syntax, sentence structure


valskerm

head

valskerm (plural valskerms, diminutive valschermpie)

valskerms (plural)
valschermpie (diminutive)

From Dutch valscherm. Equivalent to fal (“to fall; fall”) + skerm (“screen”).


vuurblusser

From vuur + blusser, calque of English fire extinguisher.


sondaar

head

sondaar (plural sondaars, diminutive sondaartjie, feminine sondares)

sondaars (plural)
sondaartjie (diminutive)
sondares (feminine)

From Dutch zondaar, from Middle Dutch sondâer, variant of sonder. Equivalent to sonde + -aar.


beskawing

beskawing (plural beskawings or beskawinge (dated))

beskawings (plural)
beskawinge (dated plural)

From Dutch beschaving. Equivalent to beskaaf + -ing.


gesels

af-verb

gesels (present gesels, present participle geselsende, past participle gesels)

gesels (present)
geselsende (participle present)
gesels (participle past)


skipbreuk

From Dutch schipbreuk, from Middle Dutch schipbrēke. Equivalent to skip (“ship”) + breuk (“break, fracture”).

compound

shipwreck, shipbreach (event where a ship sinks or runs aground)


grootmens

[ˈχrʊə̯t.mɛ̃ːs]

From groot + mens, perhaps a univerbation. Cf. Dutch grote mensen (“adults”), exclusively used in the plural.


makeer

af-verb

makeer (present makeer, present participle makerende, past participle gemakeer)

makeer (present)
makerende (participle present)
gemakeer (participle past)

From Dutch mankeren, from Middle French manquer, from Latin mancō, from mancus (“maimed”).

Wat makeer (met) jou, jy lelike rampokker!?
What′s wrong with you, you nasty thug!?

to be amiss, to be wrong [with met ‘with’]


gedagtegoed

From Dutch gedachtegoed, probably from German Gedankengut. Equivalent to gedagte + goed.

Die professor het Schopenhauer se gedagtegoed aan die broers bekend gemaak.

The professor introduced the brothers to Schoperhauer's thought.

body of thought, belief system, thinking, philosophy


witman

From wit + man, perhaps a univerbation or influenced by English white man.


aflaai

aflaai (present laai af, present participle aflaaiende, past participle afgelaai)

laai af (present)
aflaaiende (participle present)
afgelaai (participle past)

From Dutch afladen. Equivalent to af + laai.


rusie

rusie (present rusie, present participle rusiënde, past participle gerusie)

rusie (present)
rusiënde (participle present)
gerusie (participle past)


stofpad

From stof + pad, perhaps a calque of English dirt road.


klankbaan

From klank + baan, a calque of English soundtrack.


persoonlikheid

From Dutch persoonlijkheid, from Middle Dutch persoonlijcheit. Equivalent to persoonlik + -heid.


godsdiens

From Dutch godsdienst, from Middle Dutch godesdienst. Equivalent to God (“God”) + -s- + diens (“service”).


vuurhoutjie

Compound of vuur (“fire”) + houtjie (“little stick/piece of wood”). Some Dutch dictionaries from around 1900 mention Dutch vuurhoutje, although there are few attestations from this period that don't clearly relate to southern Africa. The word was therefore likely formed in Afrikaans.


vuurhout

From vuur (“fire”) + hout (“wood”), calque of English firewood.


kussing

From Dutch kussen, from Middle Dutch cussin, from Old French cuisin, cussin.


aftands

af-adj

aftands (used only predicatively, comparative aftandser, superlative aftandsste)

aftandser (comparative)
aftandsste (superlative)

From Dutch aftands. Equivalent to af + tand + -s.


verjonging

From Dutch verjonging. Equivalent to verjong + -ing.


spyskaart

head

spyskaart (plural spyskaarte, diminutive spyskaartjie)

spyskaarte (plural)
spyskaartjie (diminutive)

From Dutch spijskaart. Equivalent to spys + kaart.


yslik

af-adj

yslik (attributive yslike, comparative ysliker, superlative yslikste)

yslike (attributive)
ysliker (comparative)
yslikste (superlative)

From Dutch ijselijk, from Middle Dutch iselijc, from older eiselijc, from Old Dutch egislīk. Derived from a word meaning “fear”, but later associated with ys by folk etymology.

Die yslikste visioen van hierdie klas van ongelukkiges is vir alle tye opgeteken in Dante's Hel.

1924, F. E. J. Malherbe, Humor in die algemeen en sy uiting in die Afrikaanse letterkunde, page 110:

1932, Eugène Marais, "Sterfgevalle by Bobbejane", Burgers van die Berge, in Versamelde werke, 1981, page 161.
Sy wou die yslike en onverbiddelike toestand wat sy in haar omgewing as die dood leer ken het, verander hê.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


blaps

head

blaps (plural blapse, diminutive blapsie)

A howler, a boner, a blooper (great mistake).


taktiek

From Dutch tactiek, from French tactique, from Latin tactica or directly from Ancient Greek τακτική (taktikḗ).


senuweeagtig

af-adj

senuweeagtig (attributive senuweeagtige, comparative senuweeagtiger, superlative senuweeagtigste)

senuweeagtige (attributive)
senuweeagtiger (comparative)
senuweeagtigste (superlative)

/ˈsɪə̯.ny.vɪə̯ˌaχ.təχ/

/ˌsɪə̯.ny.vɪə̯ˈaχ.təχ/

From Dutch zenuwachtig, from Middle Dutch senuweachtich. Equivalent to senuwee + -agtig.


regmatig

regmatig (attributive regmatige, comparative regmatiger, superlative regmatigste)

regmatige (attributive)
regmatiger (comparative)
regmatigste (superlative)

/ˌrɛχˈmɑː.təχ/

From Dutch rechtmatig, from German rechtmäßig. Equivalent to reg + -matig.


skuldige

From Dutch schuldige, from Middle Dutch schuldige. Equivalent to an inflected form of skuldig.

A guilty person, an offender, a perpetrator.


skuldig

skuldig (attributive skuldige, comparative skuldiger, superlative skuldigste)

skuldige (attributive)
skuldiger (comparative)
skuldigste (superlative)

From Dutch schuldig, from Middle Dutch schuldich. Equivalent to skuld + -ig.


vulstasie

From vul (“to fill”) + stasie (“station”), calque of English filling station.

service station, petrol station, filling station


uitsondering

head

uitsondering (plural uitsonderinge or uitsonderings)

uitsonderinge (plural)
uitsonderings (plural)

From Dutch uitzondering. Equivalent to uitsonder + -ing.


wetgewing

/ˈvɛtˌχɪə̯.vəŋ/

From Dutch wetgeving. Equivalent to wet + gewing.


aborsie

Probably borrowed from English abortion, from Latin abortiō. Dutch abortie was rare and is therefore less likely as a source.


orkes

From Dutch orkest, from French orchestre, from Latin orchēstra, from Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρα (orkhḗstra).


klopjag

From Dutch klopjacht. Equivalent to klop (“to knock, to beat”) + jag (“hunt”).

compound

A battue, a hunt where game is driven into the open by loud beating sounds.

A raid or manhunt, an organised pursuit of a targeted person.


landbou

From Dutch landbouw. Equivalent to land (“land, soil”) + bou (“cultivation; construction”).


voedselgewas

From Dutch voedselgewas. Equivalent to voedsel + gewas.


voedingstof

From Dutch voedingsstof. Equivalent to voeding + stof.


voedsaamheid

From Dutch voedzaamheid. Equivalent to voedsaam + -heid.


forseer

af-verb

forseer (present forseer, present participle forserende, past participle geforseer)

forseer (present)
forserende (participle present)
geforseer (participle past)

From Dutch forceren, from Middle Dutch frotseren, from Old French forcer.


hutsmerk

From huts (“to mix up, to hash”) + merk (“tag”), calque of English hashtag.


omgewing

head

omgewing (plural omgewings or omgewinge (dated))

omgewings (plural)
omgewinge (dated plural)

/ˌɔmˈχɪə̯.vəŋ/

From Dutch omgeving, from German Umgebung.


bestuiwing

From Dutch bestuiving. Equivalent to bestuif + -ing.


cuca-winkel

(Namibia) cuca shop (an unlicensed store selling alcoholic beverages)


misdaadtoneel

From misdaad + toneel, calque of English crime scene.


aandklok

From Dutch avondklok, from Middle Dutch avontclocke. Equivalent to aand (“evening”) + klok (“clock, bell”).


kansvatter

One who makes use of an opportunity, an opportunist.


fopnuus

Compound of fop (“to fib, to fake”) + nuus (“news”).


oorledene

/ˌʊə̯rˈlɪə̯.də.nə/

From Dutch overledene. Equivalent to substantivised use of overlede (“passed away”).


knieg

From Dutch knie. Formed by analogy with other similar nouns that have a final g in the singular and lose it in the plural, i.e. vlieg.


onvriendelik

af-adj

onvriendelik (attributive onvriendelike, comparative onvriendeliker, superlative onvriendelikste)

onvriendelike (attributive)
onvriendeliker (comparative)
onvriendelikste (superlative)

From Dutch onvriendelijk. Equivalent to on- + vriendelik.


twyfel

From Dutch twijfel, from Middle Dutch twivel, twifel, from Old Dutch twīval, from Proto-Germanic *twīflaz.


twyfel

af-verb

twyfel (present twyfel, present participle twyfelende, past participle getwyfel)

twyfel (present)
twyfelende (participle present)
getwyfel (participle past)

From Dutch twijfelen, from Middle Dutch twivelen, twifelen, from Old Dutch *twīvalon. Equivalent to a denominative verb from etymology 1.


skoolmaat

head

skoolmaat (plural skoolmaats, diminutive skoolmaatjie)

skoolmaats (plural)
skoolmaatjie (diminutive)

From Dutch schoolmaat, reinforced by English schoolmate. Equivalent to skool + maat.


siekehuis

From Dutch ziekenhuis, from Middle Dutch siechuus. Equivalent to sieke (“sick person, patient”) + huis (“house, building, institution”).


lawaglas

head

lawaglas (plural lawaglase, diminutive lawaglasie)

lawaglase (plural)
lawaglasie (diminutive)

From Dutch lavaglas. Compound of lawa + glas.


geveg

From Dutch gevecht, from Middle Dutch gevecht. Equivalent to ge- + veg.


rugsak

rugsak (plural rugsakke, diminutive rugsakkie)

rugsakke (plural)
rugsakkie (diminutive)

From Dutch rugzak, from German Rucksack, from Swiss Upper German.


Reykjaviks

af-adj

Reykjaviks (attributive Reykjavikse, not comparable)


partyleier

From Dutch partijleider. Equivalent to party + leier.

party leader (leader of a political party)


meetkundig

meetkundig (attributive meetkundige, not comparable)

/ˌmɪə̯tˈkœn.dəχ/

From Dutch meetkundig. Equivalent to meetkunde + -ig.


hartlik

hartlik (attributive hartlike, comparative hartliker, superlative hartlikste)

hartlike (attributive)
hartliker (comparative)
hartlikste (superlative)

From Dutch hartelijk, from Middle Dutch hertelijc. Equivalent to hart + -lik.


lewensgeskiedenis

From Dutch levensgeschiedenis. Equivalent to lewe + -s- + geskiedenis.


kopiereg

/kʊə̯ˈpiˌrɛχ/

From kopie + reg, calque of English copyright.


insig

From Dutch inzicht. Equivalent to in + sig.


digterlik

digterlik (attributive digterlike, comparative digterliker, superlative digterlikste)

digterlike (attributive)
digterliker (comparative)
digterlikste (superlative)

From Dutch dichterlijk. Equivalent to digter + -lik.


uitgawe

/ˈœi̯tˌχɑː.və/


oorname

/ˈʊə̯rˌnɑː.mə/

From Dutch overname, from German Übernahme.


offisieel

offisieel (attributive offisiële, comparative offisiëler, superlative offisieelste)

offisiële (attributive)
offisiëler (comparative)
offisieelste (superlative)

/ˌɔ.fiˈʃɪə̯l/

From Dutch officieel, from French officiel, from English official, from Latin officiālis.


taalgeleerde

/ˈtɑːl.χəˌlɪə̯r.də/

From Dutch taalgeleerde. Equivalent to taal + geleerde.


beskou

af-verb

beskou (present beskou, present participle beskouende, past participle beskou)

beskou (present)
beskouende (participle present)
beskou (participle past)

From Dutch beschouwen, from Middle Dutch beschouwen. Equivalent to be- + skou.

(transitive) to consider, to regard [with as ‘as’]


beskaaf

af-adj

beskaaf (attributive beskaafde, comparative beskaafder, superlative beskaafste)

beskaafde (attributive)
beskaafder (comparative)
beskaafste (superlative)


sekerlik

From Dutch zekerlijk, from Middle Dutch sēkerlike. Equivalent to seker + -lik.


uitskel

af-verb

uitskel (present skel uit, present participle uitskellende, past participle uitgeskel)

skel uit (present)
uitskellende (participle present)
uitgeskel (participle past)

From Dutch uitschelden. Equivalent to uit + skel.

(transitive) to insult, to abuse, to scold


weergawe

/ˈvɪə̯rˌχɑː.və/


gewoonlik

/χəˈvʊə̯n.lək/

From Dutch gewoonlijk, from Middle Dutch gewoonlike. Equivalent to gewoon + -lik.


hoedband

head

hoedband (plural hoedbande, diminutive hoedbandjie)

hoedbande (plural)
hoedbandjie (diminutive)

From Dutch hoedenband. Compound of hoed + band.


vrouehoed

vrouehoed (plural vrouehoede or vrouehoedens, diminutive vrouehoedjie)

vrouehoede (plural)
vrouehoedens (plural)
vrouehoedjie (diminutive)


kappie

kappie (plural kappies, diminutive kappietjie)

kappies (plural)
kappietjie (diminutive)

Compound of kap + -pie, from Dutch kapje.


oorkrabbetjie

Compound of oor (“ear”) + krabbetjie (“earring”)


borsspeld

borsspeld (plural borsspelde, diminutive borsspeldetjie)

borsspelde (plural)
borsspeldetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch borstspeld, a compound of borst (“chest”) + speld (“pin”). Compound of bors + speld.


hoëhakskoen

hoëhakskoen (plural hoëhakskoene, diminutive hoëhakskoentjie)

hoëhakskoene (plural)
hoëhakskoentjie (diminutive)


streekliteratuur

Borrowed from Dutch streekliteratuur. Equivalent to streek + literatuur.


diplomasie

From Dutch diplomatie, from French diplomatie.


druipeling

From druip + -e- + -ling, probably formed as a purism for English dropout.

A dropout (one who leaves school without graduating).


Madrileen

Madrileen (plural Madrilene, diminutive Madrileentjie)

Madrilene (plural)
Madrileentjie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch Madrileen, adapted from Spanish madrileño. Equivalent to Madrid + -een.


Madrileens

af-adj

Madrileens (attributive Madrileense, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Madrileens, equivalent to Madrileen + -s.


Ghanees

Ghanees (attributive Ghanese, not comparable)

Ghanaian (of, from, or pertaining to Ghana or the Ghanaian people)


Ghanees

head

Ghanees (plural Ghanese, diminutive Ghanesie)

Ghanaian (person from Ghana or of Ghanaian descent)


eGoli

From Zulu eGoli (literally “in Johannesburg”).

bor

(uncommon) A nickname for Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.


monoloog

head

monoloog (plural monoloë, diminutive monologie)

Inherited from Dutch monoloog, borrowed from French monologue, perhaps via Middle French monologue, ultimately from Byzantine Greek μονόλογος (monólogos).

(drama, authorship) monologue, soliloquy


eierdop

eierdop (plural eierdoppe, diminutive eierdoppie)

eierdoppe (plural)
eierdoppie (diminutive)

From Dutch eierdop. Analyzable as eier (“egg”) + dop (“shell”).


aalmoeseniershuis

aalmoeseniershuis (plural aalmoeseniershuise, diminutive aalmoeseniershuisie)

aalmoeseniershuise (plural)
aalmoeseniershuisie (diminutive)

From Dutch aalmoezeniershuis, from aalmoezenier + huis. Compound of aalmoesenier + huis.


aalmoesenierskap

aalmoesenierskap (plural aalmoesenierskappe, diminutive aalmoesenierskappie)

aalmoesenierskappe (plural)
aalmoesenierskappie (diminutive)

From Dutch aalmoezenierschap, from aalmoezenier + -schap. Compound of aalmoesenier + -skap.


siwetkat

siwetkat (plural siwetkatte, diminutive siwetkatjie)

siwetkatte (plural)
siwetkatjie (diminutive)

From Dutch civetkat, from compound of civet + kat. Compound of siwet + kat.


eksponensiaal

af-adj

eksponensiaal (attributive eksponensiale, not comparable)


Japanees

Japanees (attributive Japanese, not comparable)


Japanees

head

Japanees (plural Japanese, diminutive Japanesie)

Japanese (plural)
Japanesie (diminutive)


feeagtig

af-adj

feeagtig (attributive feeagtige, comparative feeagtiger, superlative feeagtigste)

feeagtige (attributive)
feeagtiger (comparative)
feeagtigste (superlative)

From Dutch feeachtig. Equivalent to fee + -agtig.


middagete

From Dutch middageten, from middag + eten. Compound of middag + ete.


verlede

verlede (attributive verlede, not comparable)

From Dutch verleden, from Middle Dutch verleden, the past participle of verliden (“to pass by”).


middernag

From Dutch middernacht, from Middle Dutch middernacht, variant of middenacht.


sonop

From Dutch zonsopgang, from Middle Dutch sonneopganc. Compound of son + op.


sonsondergang

head

sonsondergang (plural sonsondergange, diminutive sonsondergankie)

sonsondergange (plural)
sonsondergankie (diminutive)

From Dutch zonsondergang, from Middle Dutch sonne-onderganc. Compound of son + -s- + ondergang.


maaltyd

maaltyd (plural maaltye, diminutive maaltydjie)

maaltye (plural)
maaltydjie (diminutive)

From Dutch maaltijd, from Middle Dutch maeltijt. Compound of maal + tyd.


oupagrootjie

oupagrootjie (plural oupagrootjies, feminine oumagrootjie)

oupagrootjies (plural)
oumagrootjie (feminine)


oumagrootjie

oumagrootjie (plural oumagrootjies, masculine oupagrootjie)

oumagrootjies (plural)
oupagrootjie (masculine)


oorgrootvader

oorgrootvader (plural oorgrootvaders or oorgrootvadere, feminine oorgrootmoeder)

oorgrootvaders (plural)
oorgrootvadere (plural)
oorgrootmoeder (feminine)


oorgrootmoeder

oorgrootmoeder (plural oorgrootmoeders, masculine oorgrootvader)

oorgrootmoeders (plural)
oorgrootvader (masculine)


strooijonker

strooijonker (plural strooijonkers, diminutive strooijonkertjie)

strooijonkers (plural)
strooijonkertjie (diminutive)


strooimeisie

strooimeisie (plural strooimeisies, diminutive strooimeisietjie)

strooimeisies (plural)
strooimeisietjie (diminutive)


wewenaar

wewenaar (plural wewenaars, diminutive wewenaartjie, feminine weduwee)

wewenaars (plural)
wewenaartjie (diminutive)
weduwee (feminine)

/ˈviə̯vəˌnɑːr/

From Dutch weduwnaar, from Middle Dutch weduwenaer.