pols

From Dutch pols, from Middle Dutch pols, from Latin pulsus.


biologie

From Dutch biologie, from German Biologie.


ratel

→ Catalan: ratel

→ English: ratel
→ Italian: ratelo

A shortening of Dutch rateldas, formed (in South Africa) from (dialectal) ratel (“honeycomb”) + das (“badger”).


beek

From Dutch beek, from Middle Dutch bēke, from Old Dutch beki, from Proto-Germanic *bakiz.


stikstof

From Dutch stikstof, from stikken (“to suffocate”) + stof (“matter”), referring to the fact that an animal placed on pure nitrogen suffocates.


stok

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stok (plural stokke, diminutive stokkie)

From Dutch stok, from Middle Dutch stoc, from Old Dutch stok, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz.

Die kinders stut hul bouwerk met stokke.

The children support the construction they have built with sticks.

stick, whether natural (made of wood) or artificial


brander

breaker (wave near the shore or a shallow area)


narwal

Monodon monoceros
Monodon monoceros#Translingual


misdaad

From Dutch misdaad, from Middle Dutch misdaet, from Old Dutch *misdād (“misdeed”), from Proto-Germanic *missadēdiz.


boei

boei (plural boeie, diminutive boeitjie)


mou

From Dutch mouw, from Middle Dutch mouwe, from Old Dutch *mouwa, *mōwa, from Frankish *mauwa, from Proto-Germanic *mawwō.


kompas

From Dutch kompas, from Middle Dutch compas (“circle, pair of compasses, compass”), from Old French compas.


krans

From Dutch krans, from Middle Dutch crans, from Middle High German kranz, from Old High German kranz.


klem

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klem (plural klemme, diminutive klemmetjie)

From Dutch klem, from Middle Dutch clemme.


anatomie

From Dutch anatomie, from Middle Dutch anatomye, from Latin anatomia, from Ancient Greek *ἀνατομία (*anatomía).


duik

From Dutch duik. Equivalent to a deverbal from etymology 1.


Saterdag

From Dutch zaterdag, from Middle Dutch saterdach, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *Sāturnas dag, partial calque of Latin dies Saturni.


smid

From Dutch smid, from Middle Dutch smit, from Old Dutch *smith, from Proto-Germanic *smiþaz.


oubaas

oubaas (plural oubase, diminutive oubasie)


kleinbaas

/ˈkləɪ̯nˌbɑːs/


papegaai

papegaai (plural papegaaie, diminutive papegaaitjie)

papegaaie (plural)
papegaaitjie (diminutive)

From Dutch papegaai, from Middle Dutch papegay, from Old French papegai, ultimately from Arabic ببغاء, of onomatopoeic origin.

(figuratively) a person who parrots, or repeats uncritically, the words of others


etimologie

(uncountable) etymology (field of study)


faktor

factor (constituent contributing to a result or state)

factor (scalar variable or number that is multiplied)


antenne

From Dutch antenne, from French antenne, possibly from Italian antenna, from Latin antenna.


industrie

From Dutch industrie, from Middle French industrie, from Latin industria.


dinastie

dinastie (plural dinastieë or dinasties)

From Dutch dynastie, from French dynastie, from Middle French dynastie, from Late Latin dynastia, from Ancient Greek δυναστεία (dunasteía, “power, dominion”).


buit

From Dutch buit, from Middle Low German büte.


melodie

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melodie (plural melodieë, diminutive melodietjie)

melodieë (plural)
melodietjie (diminutive)

From Dutch melodie, from Middle Dutch melodie, from Old French melodie, from Latin melōdia.


bediende

From Dutch bediende, from German Bedienter.


toestel

toestel (plural toestelle, diminutive toestelletjie)

toestelle (plural)
toestelletjie (diminutive)


Maltees

Maltees (plural Maltese, diminutive Maltesie)

Maltese; Maltese poodle (small breed of dog)

Maltese (person from Malta or of Maltese descent)


Portugees

Portugees (plural Portugese, diminutive Portugesie)

Portugese (plural)
Portugesie (diminutive)

Portuguese (person from Portugal or of Portuguese descent)


sirkus

circus (company of performers; place where this company performs)


diepte

Uit die diepte van my hart!

2008, “Uit Die Diepte Van My Hart”, in Uit Die Diepte Van My Hart, performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa: Select Musiek:


Rus

Russian (person from Russia or of Russian descent)


graaf

graaf (plural grawe, diminutive grafie, feminine gravin)

grawe (plural)
grafie (diminutive)
gravin (feminine)


moet

From Dutch moeten, from Middle Dutch moeten, from Old Dutch muotan, from Proto-Germanic *mōtaną. The noun sense is a calque of English must.


dosis

From Dutch dosis, from Late Latin dosis, from Ancient Greek δόσις (dósis, “a portion prescribed”, literally “a giving”), from Proto-Hellenic *dótis, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃tis.


vurk

→? Sotho: fereko

→ Xhosa: ifolokhwe

From Dutch vork, from Middle Dutch vorke, from Old Dutch furka, from Proto-West Germanic *furkō, from Latin furca.


mert

Borrowed from English mert, shortened from merchant.


betekenis

From Dutch betekenis, from Middle Dutch betêkenesse.


ooglid

From Dutch ooglid, from Middle Dutch ôgelit. Equivalent to oog (“eye”) + lid (“cover, lid”).


vloek

From Dutch vloek, from Middle Dutch vloec, from Old Dutch fluok.


klei

From Dutch klei, from Middle Dutch cleie, from Old Dutch *klei, from Proto-Germanic *klajjaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gley- (“to glue, stick together”).


drol

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drol (plural drolle, diminutive drolletjie)


kolonel

/ˌkʊə̯.lʊə̯ˈnɛl/

From Dutch kolonel, from Middle French coronel, from Italian colonnello.


kak

From Dutch kakken (verb), from Middle Dutch cacken, and kak (noun), from Middle Dutch cac.


takbok

From tak (“branch, twig”) + bok (“buck; antelope”).

com

'n Platskietroer vir vlaktes en duine. En lyk dit my, vir die berge in die Alpe waar die takbokke en goed doer in die oneindigheid ver staan.

2007, Pienkes Du Plessis, Die perdekombers en ander stories uit die jagveld, Human & Rousseau, page 114:

Soos ene takbok wat smag na water


skoenlapper

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skoenlapper (plural skoenlappers, diminutive skoenlappertjie)

skoenlappers (plural)
skoenlappertjie (diminutive)


vlinder

vlinder (plural vlinders, diminutive vlindertjie)

vlinders (plural)
vlindertjie (diminutive)


Maandag

Maandag (plural Maandae, diminutive Maandaggie)

Maandae (plural)
Maandaggie (diminutive)

Ek sal nie Maandag by die huis wees nie.


vlooi

vlooi (plural vlooie, diminutive vlooitjie)

From dialectal Dutch vlooi, a backformation from vlooien, plural of vlo.


oes

From Southern Dutch oest (Flemish and Zeelandic form of oogst), from Middle Dutch oest, from Old French aoust, from Latin augustus.


wyn

From Dutch wijn, from Middle Dutch wijn, from Old Dutch wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.


duisternis

From Dutch duisternis, from Middle Dutch duusternesse, from Old Dutch thiusternussi. Equivalent to duister + -nis.


vaartuig

vaartuig (plural vaartuie, diminutive vaartuigie)

vaartuie (plural)
vaartuigie (diminutive)

From Dutch vaartuig. Equivalent to vaar + tuig.


aanvraag

/ˈɑːn.frɑːχ/


ontsteking

ontsteking (plural ontstekings or ontstekinge (dated))

ontstekings (plural)
ontstekinge (dated plural)

/ˌɔntˈstɪə̯.kəŋ/

From Dutch ontsteking, from Middle Dutch ontstekinge. Equivalent to ontsteek + -ing.


snik

From Dutch snik, from Middle Dutch snic. Equivalent to a deverbal from etymology 1.


staking

staking (plural stakings, diminutive stakinkie)

stakings (plural)
stakinkie (diminutive)

From Dutch staking. Equivalent to staak + -ing.

Daar is stakings in die mynbougebiede.

There are strikes in the mining regions.


wortel

From Dutch wortel, from Middle Dutch wortele, from Old Dutch *wurtala, from Proto-Germanic *wurt- (“root”) + *waluz (“stick”).

(mathematics) root, square root (if no power is specified, it is assumed to be 2)


stert

stert (plural sterte, diminutive stertjie)

From dialectal Dutch stert, variant of staart, from Middle Dutch stert.


mummie

From Dutch mummie, from Middle French mommie, from Latin mumia, from Arabic مُومِيَاء (mūmiyāʔ).

der

Arabic مُومِيَاء (mūmiyāʔ)


hoer

From Middle Dutch hoere, hoer, from Old Dutch *huora, from Proto-Germanic *hōrǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ros (“dear, loved”). Cognate with German Hure, English whore, Danish hore.


waterstof

From Dutch waterstof. Equivalent to water + stof.


verdrag

From Dutch verdrag, from Middle Dutch verdrach.


eed

From Dutch eed, from Old Dutch *ēth, from Proto-Germanic *aiþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *oyt-.


klinker

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klinker (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertjie)

klinkers (plural)
klinkertjie (diminutive)


geleerde

/χəˈlɪə̯r.də/

academic or otherwise learned expert; scholar, scientist


hys

(Cape Afrikaans) Alternative form of huis


bul

bul (plural bulle, diminutive bulletjie)

From Dutch bul, from Middle Dutch bulle, from Old Dutch *bullo, from Proto-Germanic *bulô. Cognate with English bull.

(colloquial) a supporter of the Blue Bulls, a South African rugby team


Indonesiër

Indonesiër (plural Indonesiërs, diminutive Indonesiërtjie)

Indonesiërs (plural)
Indonesiërtjie (diminutive)

Indonesian (person from Indonesia or of Indonesian descent)


veiling

veiling (plural veilings or veilinge (dated))

veilings (plural)
veilinge (dated plural)

From Dutch veiling, from Middle Dutch veilinge. Equivalent to veil + -ing.


suur

From Dutch zuur, from Middle Dutch suur, from Old Dutch sūr, from Proto-West Germanic *sūr, from Proto-Germanic *sūraz, from Proto-Indo-European *súHros.


vulkaan

From Dutch vulkaan, from Middle Dutch vulcaen, from Latin Vulcānus.


stroop

→ Sotho: seturupu

syrup, especially a viscous type of syrup


feniks

(figuratively) a unique person; rara avis

(figuratively) a replacement for something that has been destroyed or perished somehow, especially by fire


spruit

spruit (plural spruite, diminutive spruitjie)

From Dutch spruit, from Middle Dutch sprute. Cognate with English sprite, sprout.

(geography) stream or small river; river branch


Nederlander

Nederlander (plural Nederlanders, diminutive Nederlandertjie)

Nederlanders (plural)
Nederlandertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch Nederlander, equivalent to Nederland + -er.

Netherlander, Dutchman, Dutchwoman (person from The Netherlands or of Dutch descent)


roofdier

roofdier (plural roofdiere, diminutive roofdiertjie)

roofdiere (plural)
roofdiertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch roofdier, which might be a calque of German Raubtier. Equivalent to roof (“to rob, to capture”) + dier (“animal”).


verdieping

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verdieping (plural verdiepings or verdiepinge (dated))

verdiepings (plural)
verdiepinge (dated plural)

From Dutch verdieping, from Middle Dutch verdiepinge. Equivalent to verdiep + -ing.


skrif

skrif (plural skrifte, diminutive skriffie)

From Dutch schrift, from Proto-West Germanic *skrifti, from Latin scriptum.


wasbak

wasbak (plural wasbakke, diminutive wasbakkie)

wasbakke (plural)
wasbakkie (diminutive)

From Dutch wasbak. Equivalent to was + bak.


kombi

Borrowed from German Kombi, used in Volkswagen Kombi. Cf. English kombi, Dutch combi.


kerkhof

kerkhof (plural kerkhowe, diminutive kerkhoffie)

kerkhowe (plural)
kerkhoffie (diminutive)

From Dutch kerkhof, from Middle Dutch kerchof. Equivalent to kerk (“church”) + hof (“court, garden, yard”).


pateet

Jou pateet, hoe het jy hom dit toegelaat?

You pathetic person, how did you allow him that?

a pathetic person or a person deemed as such


viool

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viool (plural viole, diminutive viooltjie)

From Dutch viool, from Middle French viole, from Medieval Latin vitula.


komeet

/kʊə̯ˈmɪə̯t/

From Dutch komeet, from Middle Dutch comete, from Old French comete, from Latin comēta, from Ancient Greek κομήτης (komḗtēs).


roep

From Dutch roep, from Middle Dutch roep.


kwas

kwas (plural kwaste, diminutive kwassie)

From Dutch kwast, from Middle Dutch quast, from Old Dutch *kwast, from Proto-Germanic *kwastuz.


kalkoen

kalkoen (plural kalkoene, diminutive kalkoentjie)

kalkoene (plural)
kalkoentjie (diminutive)

→ English: kalkoentjie

→ Swazi: ingalukhuni

→ Xhosa: ikarukwini

→ Zulu: ikalikuni

→ Shona: Garukuni

Meleagris gallopavo
Meleagris gallopavo#Translingual


Afghaan

Afghaan (plural Afghane, diminutive Afghaantjie)

Afghane (plural)
Afghaantjie (diminutive)

Afghan (person from Afghanistan or of Afghan descent)


Albanees

Albanees (plural Albanese, diminutive Albanesie)

Albanese (plural)
Albanesie (diminutive)

Albanian (person from Albania or of Albanian descent)


karakter

From Dutch karakter, from Middle Dutch caracter, from Middle French caractère, from Old French caractere, from Latin character, from Ancient Greek χαρακτήρ (kharaktḗr).


priemgetal

priemgetal (plural priemgetallen, diminutive priemgetalletjie)

priemgetallen (plural)
priemgetalletjie (diminutive)


kakkerlak

kakkerlak (plural kakkerlakke, diminutive kakkerlakkie)

kakkerlakke (plural)
kakkerlakkie (diminutive)


meid

From English maid (“female domestic servant”).

bor

(now offensive) A domestic servant, usually non-white.


verpleegster

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verpleegster (plural verpleegsters, diminutive verpleegstertjie, masculine verpleër)

verpleegsters (plural)
verpleegstertjie (diminutive)
verpleër (masculine)

Inherited from Dutch verpleegster, equivalent to verpleeg + -ster.


temperatuur

From Dutch temperatuur, probably from French température, from Latin temperātūra.


sosialisme

Affixed sosial + -isme, from Dutch socialisme, from French socialisme.


kruid

From Dutch kruid, from Middle Dutch cruut, from Old Dutch krūd, from Proto-West Germanic *krūd.


spek

From Dutch spek, from Middle Dutch spec, from Old Dutch spek, from Proto-Germanic *spiką.


verrassing

verrassing (plural verrassings or verrassinge (dated))

verrassings (plural)
verrassinge (dated plural)


verwant

From Dutch verwant, from Middle Dutch verwant, either a perfect participle of the verb verwenden, or a borrowing from either Middle Low German or Middle High German.

relative, family member, including distant relatives


parra

parra (plural parras, diminutive parratjie)


kopie

From Dutch kopie, from Middle Dutch copie, from Old French copie, from Latin copia.


gemsbok

→ English: gemsbok

From Dutch gemsbok, from gems (“chamois”) + bok (“buck”).


toonbank

toonbank (plural toonbanke, diminutive toonbankie)

toonbanke (plural)
toonbankie (diminutive)

From Dutch toonbank. Equivalent to toon (“to show”) + bank (“bench”).

Sy sit 'n sak op die toonbank en trek haar rewolwer.

She puts a bag on the counter and draws her revolver.

counter, a furniture surface on which wares are put and transacted


literatuur

From Dutch literatuur, from French littérature, from Latin litteratura.


byt

From Dutch bijten, from Middle Dutch biten, from Old Dutch *bītan, from Proto-Germanic *bītaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéydt (“to split”).

inh

byte van insekte kan gevaarlik wees

bite (the wound left behind after having been bitten)


steenkool

From Middle Dutch steencōle. Equivalent to steen + kool.


koelie

(offensive) A coolie (a person from India or of Indian ancestry)


atmosfeer

From Dutch atmosfeer, from French atmosphère.

In jou atmosfeer.

2016, “In Jou Atmosfeer”, in Sal Jy Met My Dans?, performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa:


maagd

(astrology) a Virgo; someone born with the star sign Virgo


biskop

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biskop (plural biskoppe, diminutive biskoppie)

biskoppe (plural)
biskoppie (diminutive)

From Dutch bisschop, from Middle Dutch bischop, from Old Dutch biskop, from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos).

(Christianity) bishop; high-ranking priest of the Roman-Catholic and Anglican churches

(chess) bishop; chess piece that moves diagonally

one of two types of fish from the family Sparidae


distrik

From Dutch district, from Middle Dutch district, from Middle French district, from Medieval Latin districtus (“a district within which the lord may distrain, also jurisdiction”), from Latin districtus, past participle of distringō, distringere (“draw asunder, compel, distrain”), from dis- (“apart”) + stringō, stringere (“draw tight, strain”).


diens

From Dutch dienst, from Middle Dutch dienst, from Old Dutch *thionost, from Proto-Germanic *þewanōstaz.


Zoeloe

From Dutch Zoeloe, from Zulu umZulu or Zulu isíZulu.


baarmoeder

From Dutch baarmoeder, from Middle Dutch baermoeder. Equivalent to baar (“to give birth”) + moeder (“uterus; mother”).


republiek

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republiek (plural republieke, diminutive republiekie)

republieke (plural)
republiekie (diminutive)

From Dutch republiek, from French république, from Latin rēspūblica or rēs pūblica.


standbeeld

standbeeld (plural standbeelde, diminutive standbeeldjie)

standbeelde (plural)
standbeeldjie (diminutive)

From Dutch standbeeld, modelled on Latin statua. Equivalent to stand + beeld.


opname

/ˈɔpˌnɑː.mə/

From Dutch opname, from opnemen based on German Aufnahme.

The act of absorbing or assimilating, uptake, absorption.

The act of including, adopting or assimilating.

A recording, a record, something that has been recorded.


moer

Ek draai die moer vas


kalf

kalf (plural kalwers, diminutive kalfie)


Desember

From Dutch december, from Middle Dutch december, from Latin December. Cognate to Indonesian Desember.


buur

From Dutch buur, from Middle Dutch buur, from Old Dutch *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būraz (“dweller, inhabitant”). Doublet of boer.


universiteit

From Dutch universiteit, from Middle Dutch universiteit.


halfrond

From Dutch halfrond. Equivalent to half + rond.


padda

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padda (plural paddas, diminutive paddatjie)

From Dutch pad, from Middle Dutch padde, from Proto-Germanic *paddǭ.


paljas

paljas (plural paljasse, diminutive paljassie)

paljasse (plural)
paljassie (diminutive)

From Dutch paljas, from French paillasse, from Italian pagliaccio, from Latin palea.


hangmat

From Dutch hangmat (which see), from Spanish hamaca, from Taíno *hamaka. Equivalent to hang (“to hang”) + mat (“mat”) by popular etymology.


onderbroek

onderbroek (plural onderbroeke, diminutive onderbroekie)

onderbroeke (plural)
onderbroekie (diminutive)

From Dutch onderbroek. Equivalent to onder- (“under”) + broek (“trousers”).

undershorts, underpants, pants (underwear, for either sex, any gender)


bakker

bakker (plural bakkers, diminutive bakkertjie, feminine bakster)

bakkers (plural)
bakkertjie (diminutive)
bakster (feminine)

From Dutch bakker, from Middle Dutch backer, from Old Dutch *bakar, *baker, from Proto-Germanic *bakārijaz.


kanteel

From Dutch kanteel, from Middle Dutch canteel.


broodrooster

broodrooster (plural broodroosters, diminutive broodroostertjie)

broodroosters (plural)
broodroostertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch broodrooster, equivalent to brood (“bread”) + rooster (“grill”).


vertrek

From Dutch vertrek, from Middle Dutch vertrec. Equivalent to a deverbal from etymology 1.


toespraak

From Dutch toespraak, from Middle Dutch toesprâke. Equivalent to a deverbal of toespreek.


fundamentalisme

From fundamentaal (“fundamental”) + -isme.
Borrowed from English fundamentalism.


edelgas

From Dutch edelgas, from German Edelgas. Equivalent to edel (“noble”) + gas.

(chemistry) noble gas (any of the elements of group 18 of the periodic table)


buro

From Dutch bureau, from French bureau, from Middle French burel, from Old French burel.


perd

perd (plural perde or pêre, diminutive perdjie)

perde (plural)
pêre (plural)
perdjie (diminutive)

→ Phuthi: ipere

→ Sotho: pere

From dialectal Dutch perd, variant of paard, from Middle Dutch peret, *pert.


vark

Backformation from Dutch varken (“pig”), either by reinterpreting the singular as a plural, or from the actual plural varkens by rebracketing it as vark + -ens. From Middle Dutch varken. Ultimately from an old diminutive derived from Proto-Germanic *farhaz.


politikus

From Dutch politicus, from Latin polīticus, from Ancient Greek πολιτικός (politikós).


litteken

From Dutch litteken, from Middle Dutch lidteken, from older lijcteken.


sug

From Dutch zucht, from Middle Dutch sucht, socht, from Old Dutch *suft (“sigh, sip”), from Proto-Germanic *suf- (“to sip”).


skool

skool (plural skole, diminutive skooltjie)

→ Northern Ndebele: isikolo

→ Nǀuu: skool

→ Sotho: sekolo

→ Southern Ndebele: isikolo

→ Shona: chikoro (through a Nguni intermediate)

→ Tsonga: xikolo

→ Venda: tshikolo

→ Xhosa: isikolo

→ Zulu: isikole

From Dutch school, from Middle Dutch schôle, from Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).


framboos

From Dutch framboos, from French framboise.


esel

esel (plural esels, diminutive eseltjie)

→ Sotho: esele

→ Xhosa: i-esile

From Dutch ezel, from Middle Dutch ēsel, from Old Dutch esil, from Proto-West Germanic *asil, from Late Latin asellus.

easel (frame used by artistic painters and draughtspeople)


heiden

From Dutch heiden, from Middle Dutch heidin.

pagan, heathen, person who does not follow an Abrahamic religion


vlug

From Dutch vlucht, from Proto-West Germanic *fluhti, derived from *fleuhan (“to flee, escape”). The verb is from Dutch vluchten, itself denominal.

Die rowers is kort na hulle vlug uit Pretoria betrap.

The robbers were caught shortly after their escape from Pretoria.

flight, escape (the act of fleeing, an instance thereof)


vlug

vlug (plural vlugte, diminutive vluggie)

From Dutch vlucht, from Proto-West Germanic *fluhti, derived from *fleugan (“to fly”).

Reiers se nekke is tydens die vlug krom.

Herons’ necks are crooked during flight.

Ek het die vlug na Parys verpas.

flight (the act of flying, an instance thereof)


Deen

Dane (person from Denmark or of Danish descent)


verbuiging

verbuiging (plural verbuigings or verbuiginge (dated))

verbuigings (plural)
verbuiginge (dated plural)


atoom

atoom (plural atome, diminutive atoompie)


materiaal

From Dutch materiaal, from Middle Dutch materiael, from Middle French material, from Old French material, from Late Latin materialis, from Latin materia (“wood, material, substance”) from mater (“mother”).


vlakte

→ English: vlakte

From Dutch vlakte. Equivalent to vlak + -te.


kanaal

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kanaal (plural kanale, diminutive kanaaltjie)

From Dutch kanaal, from Middle Dutch canael, from older canel, from Old French canal, from Latin canālis (“pipe, channel, canal”), from canna (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na).


moltrein

2013, Jacolet van den Berg, Diamant uit Afrika, LAPA Uitgewers (publ.).
Vroeg Woensdagoggend klim sy op die moltrein na Canary.
Early on Wednesday morning she boards the underground to Canary.


Malteser

Malteser (plural Maltesers, diminutive Maltesertjie)

Maltesers (plural)
Maltesertjie (diminutive)

Synonym of Maltees (person from Malta or of Maltese descent)


geweer

geweer (plural gewere, diminutive geweertjie)

From Dutch geweer, from Middle Dutch gewere.


luitenant

From Dutch luitenant, from Middle Dutch lieutenant, from Middle French lieutenant, from Old French [Term?].


handdoek

From Dutch handdoek. Equivalent to hand (“hand”) + doek (“cloth”).

A towel, a cloth used for drying (sometimes for cleaning) one's hands


weerstand

From Dutch weerstand, from older wederstand with syncope of intervocalic -d-, from Middle Dutch wederstant.

electrical resistance
electrical resistance

(electronics) resistor (electronic component)


soldaat

soldaat (plural soldate, diminutive soldaatjie)

soldate (plural)
soldaatjie (diminutive)

→ Xhosa: isoldathi

From Dutch soldaat, from Middle French soldat, from Italian soldato.


arsenik

arsenic trioxide
arsenic trioxide#English

rooi arsenik
realgar

(dated) common name for various arsenic compounds


terminologie

From Dutch terminologie, from German Terminologie.


aand

From Dutch avond with sporadic loss of intervocalic -v- (cf. bly, gee etc.). The full form awend still in Awendland (“Occident”).


aandete

aandete (plural aandetes, diminutive aandetetjie)

aandetes (plural)
aandetetjie (diminutive)

/ˈɑːntˌɪə̯.tə/

From Dutch avondeten, from Middle Dutch avonteten.


edelman

From Dutch edelman, from Middle Dutch ēdelman. Equivalent to edel + man.


bladsy

From Dutch bladzij, a byform of bladzijde.


woordeskat

From Dutch woordenschat. Equivalent to woord (“word”) + skat (“treasure”).


soek

Borrowed from Arabic سُوق (sūq, “market”).


domkop

A stupid (not clever) person, dunce, duffer, dumbass


fresko

fresko (plural fresko's, diminutive fresko'tjie)

fresko's (plural)
fresko'tjie (diminutive)

Either derived from Dutch fresco or borrowed from English fresco, both borrowed from Italian fresco, from Vulgar Latin *friscum, from Proto-Germanic *friskaz.


ateljee

From Dutch atelier (“workshop, studio”), from French atelier (“workshop, studio”).


lêer

lêer (plural lêers, diminutive lêertjie)

binder, file (folder in which papers are arranged and stored)

(computing) file (a collection of information that forms a unit and is stored together)

a hen or other animal that lays eggs; laying hen

an old measure for wine, brandy, vinegar, etc.


wysiging

wysiging (plural wysigings or wysiginge)

From Dutch wijziging. Equivalent to wysig + -ing.


skade

From Dutch schade, from Proto-Germanic *skaþô.


skade

From dialectal Dutch schade, a byform of schaduw.

(archaic, poetic) Alternative form of skaduwee (“shade, shadow”)


rolstoel

From Dutch rolstoel. Equivalent to rol (“to roll”) + stoel (“chair”).


verskil

verskil (plural verskille, diminutive verskilletjie)

verskille (plural)
verskilletjie (diminutive)

From Dutch verschil, from Middle Dutch verschil.


klad

From Dutch klad, from Middle Dutch kladde.


sagteware

software (collective name for programs that can be executed by a computer)


oortuiging

oortuiging (plural oortuigings or oortuiginge, diminutive oortuiginkie)

oortuigings (plural)
oortuiginge (plural)
oortuiginkie (diminutive)

From Dutch overtuiging. Equivalent to oortuig + -ing.


wêreld

From Dutch wereld (“world”), from Middle Dutch werelt, from Old Dutch werold, werolt, from Proto-Germanic *weraldiz (literally “age of man”), from *weraz (“man”) + *aldiz (“time, age, old”).
The development of Middle Dutch -er(e)l- → Afrikaans -êrel- (instead of -erel-) is regular. Compare kêrel, pêrel.

inh

Ja, die hele wêreld word stil
 En luister in die donker uur
 Na die naggeluide van Liza se klavier.

1992, “Liza se klavier”performed by Laurika Rauch:

Yes, the whole world becomes quiet
 And listens in the dark hour
 To the night sounds of Liza’s piano.


kelder

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kelder (plural kelders, diminutive keldertjie)

kelders (plural)
keldertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch kelder, from Middle Dutch kelre, kellere, from Old Dutch *kellari, from Late Latin cellarium.


magistraat

From Dutch magistraat, from Latin magistrātus.


Japanner

Japanner (plural Japanners, diminutive Japannertjie)

Japanners (plural)
Japannertjie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch Japanner, equivalent to Japan + -er.

Japanese (person from Japan or of Japanese descent)


ketting

ketting (plural kettings or kettinge (dated), diminutive kettinkie)

kettings (plural)
kettinge (dated plural)
kettinkie (diminutive)

From Dutch ketting, from Middle Dutch kettinc, from the more common form ketene, ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *katinnjā, from Vulgar Latin *catenia, from Latin catēna.


mosterd

From Dutch mosterd, from Middle Dutch mostaert, from Old French moustarde, from moust (“must”), from Latin mustum.


Litauer

Litauer (plural Litauers, diminutive Litauertjie)

Litauers (plural)
Litauertjie (diminutive)

Lithuanian (person from Lithuania or of Lithuanian descent)


metafoor

/ˌmɪə̯.taˈfʊə̯r/

From Dutch metafoor, from French métaphore, from Latin metaphora, from Ancient Greek μεταφορά (metaphorá), from μεταφέρω (metaphérō, “I transfer, apply”).


gedig

From Dutch gedicht, from an action noun derived from dichten, from Latin dictare.


erts

ore (rock that contains enough metal or mineral material to be extracted and processed)


vliegveld

vliegveld (plural vliegvelde, diminutive vliegveldjie)

vliegvelde (plural)
vliegveldjie (diminutive)

From Dutch vliegveld. Equivalent to vlieg + veld.


tempel

tempel (plural tempels, diminutive tempeltjie)

tempels (plural)
tempeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch tempel, from Middle Dutch tempel, from Latin templum.


draak

From Dutch draak, from Middle Dutch drāke, from Old Dutch *drako, an early Germanic borrowing of Latin dracō (“dragon”).

dragon (mythological or folkloric reptilian creature)


hommel

From Dutch hommel, from Middle Dutch hommel.


leraar

/ˈlɪə̯.rɑːr/

From Dutch leraar. Doublet of leerder (“learner”).

(religion) reverend, minister, clergyman


vink

From Dutch vink, from Middle Dutch vinke, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *finkiz.


tandarts

From Dutch tandarts. Equivalent to tand (“tooth”) + arts (“doctor”).


majoor

From Dutch majoor, from Spanish mayor, from Latin maior.


byl

From Dutch bijl, from Middle Dutch bile.


appelboom

appelboom (plural appelbome, diminutive appelboompie)

appelbome (plural)
appelboompie (diminutive)


beperking

beperking (plural beperkings or beperkinge (dated))

beperkings (plural)
beperkinge (dated plural)

Hy het eindelik geleer om sy beperkings te aksepteer.

He has at long last learnt to accept his limitations.


telg

From Dutch telg, from Middle Dutch telch, from Old Dutch *telg, from Proto-Germanic *telguz.


blaas

From Dutch blaas, from Middle Dutch blase, blaes.


onkruid

onkruid (plural onkruide, diminutive onkruidjie)

onkruide (plural)
onkruidjie (diminutive)

From Dutch onkruid, from Middle Dutch oncruut, from on- (“un-, not”) + cruut (“herb”). Equivalent to modern on- + kruid.


bietjie

Die bietjie wat daar was was bly.

bietjies-bietjies

'n Bietjie later


granaat

→ Xhosa: irharnate

From Dutch granaat, Middle Dutch garnate, grenate, from Old French grenat, from Latin pomus granatus (“seeded apple”).


weermag

From Dutch weermacht, equivalent to weer + mag.


loods

From Dutch loods, backformation from loodsman, from Middle Dutch lootsman, from Middle English lodesman.


bestanddeel

From Dutch bestanddeel, from German Bestandteil. Equivalent to bestand + deel.

ingredient (one of the parts of a whole)


rekenaar

From Dutch rekenaar, from Middle Dutch rekenare. Equivalent to reken + -aar.
Compare also German Rechner.


avontuur

avontuur (plural avonture, diminutive avontuurtjie)

avonture (plural)
avontuurtjie (diminutive)

From Dutch avontuur, from Middle Dutch aventure, from Old French aventure. The change to o occurred in early Dutch and is due to influence from avond, which has also affected the pronunciation.

adventure (remarkable, exciting or challenging experience)


kerker

From Dutch kerker, from Middle Dutch kerker, from Old Dutch *karkari, from Latin carcer (“prison, jail”).


bries

bries (plural briese, diminutive briesie)


pastoor

From Dutch pastoor, from Middle Dutch pastōor, from Latin pāstor.


passaat

From Dutch passaat, shortening of passaatwind, whose first element derives from Spanish pasada.


slak

Inherited from Dutch slak, from Middle Dutch slecke, slacke, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *slikkō.


voetstap

From Dutch voetstap, from Middle Dutch voetstap. Equivalent to voet + stap.


gemeente

/χəˈmɪə̯n.tə/

From Dutch gemeente, from Middle Dutch gemeende, from Old Dutch *gimēnitha, from Proto-Germanic *gamainiz + *-iþō.


vrees

From Dutch vrees, from Middle Dutch vrêse, from Old Dutch frēsa, from Proto-Germanic *fraisō (“danger”).


vonk

From Dutch vonk, from Middle Dutch vonke, from Old Dutch funko, from Proto-Germanic *funkô.


kultuur

From Dutch cultuur, from Middle French culture (“cultivation; culture”), from Latin cultūra.


opstand

From Dutch opstand, from Middle Dutch opstant. Equivalent to a deverbal from opstaan.


deelname

/ˈdɪə̯lˌnɑː.mə/

From Dutch deelname, from German Teilnahme.


hoogland

From Dutch hoogland. Equivalent to hoog + land.


magneet

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magneet (plural magnete, diminutive magneetjie)

magnete (plural)
magneetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch magneet, from Middle Dutch magneet, from older magnes, from Latin magnēs, from Ancient Greek μαγνήτης λίθος (magnḗtēs líthos).

der

μαγνήτης λίθος

Iemand had geld uit sy spaarvark geroof met 'n magneet.

Someone had stolen money from his piggy bank with a magnet.


terrein

From Dutch terrein, from French terrain.


uitvoer

(computing, data) output (of information, data, etc.)


matras

From Dutch matras, from Middle Dutch matrasse, matratse, from Old French materas (modern matelas), from Italian materasso (cognate with Occitan almatrac, Spanish almadraque, Portuguese almadraque), from Arabic مَطْرَح (maṭraḥ), itself perhaps from مُطْرَح (muṭraḥ).


vraagteken

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vraagteken (plural vraagtekens, diminutive vraagtekentjie)

vraagtekens (plural)
vraagtekentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch vraagteken. Equivalent to vraag (“question”) + teken (“sign, mark”).


aanbeveling

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aanbeveling (plural aanbevelings or aanbevelinge)

aanbevelings (plural)
aanbevelinge (plural)


vrou

vrou (plural vroue or vrouens, diminutive vroutjie)

vroue (plural)
vrouens (plural)
vroutjie (diminutive)

→ English: vrou

From Dutch vrouw, from Middle Dutch vrouwe, from Old Dutch frouwa, from Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ.

Daardie vrou werk in 'n museum.

Sy vrou het onlangs afgestudeer en werk nou in 'n winkel.

His wife graduated recently and is now working in a shop.


eggenoot

eggenoot (plural eggenote, feminine eggenote)


vrug

vrug (plural vrugte, diminutive vruggie)

From Dutch vrucht, from Middle Dutch vrucht, from Old Dutch fruht, from Latin frūctus.


blaar

blaar (plural blare, diminutive blaartjie)

Back-formation from the plural blare, itself from Dutch blaren, bladeren (“leaves”), from the singular blad (“leaf; sheet”). Doublet of blad.


blom

blom (plural blomme, diminutive blommetjie)

From Dutch blom, dialectal form of bloem, from Middle Dutch bloeme, from Old Dutch *bluomo, from Proto-Germanic *blōmô.


eier

Back-formation from eiers, a dialectal Dutch plural form of ei (“egg”). Compare similar back-formations in Afrikaans: hoender, blaar.


horing

horing (plural horings, diminutive horinkie)

From Dutch hoorn, from Middle Dutch horn, from Old Dutch *horn, from Proto-Germanic *hurną, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-.


vingernael

From Dutch vingernagel. Equivalent to vinger + nael.


vlerk

From Dutch vlerk, from Middle Dutch vlerc.


lewer

lewer (plural lewers, diminutive lewertjie)

From Dutch lever, from Middle Dutch levere, from Old Dutch *livara, from Proto-Germanic *librō, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”), from *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”).


spoeg

From Dutch spoegen, a dialectal variant of spugen (“to spit, vomit”), reformed from spuwen, whence the Afrikaans doublet spu (“to spew, spout”). The noun is deverbal. See the Dutch entries for more.


reën

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reën (plural reëns, diminutive reëntjie)

From Dutch regen, from Middle Dutch regen, from Old Dutch regan, from Proto-Germanic *regną.


sout

From Dutch zout, from Middle Dutch sout, from Old Dutch *salt, from Proto-Germanic *saltą (noun), *saltaz (adjective), from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls.

Die seun het mos twee kilo sout gehaal.

The boy must have brought two kilogrammes of salt.


klip

From Dutch klip, from Middle Dutch clippe.


sneeu

From Dutch sneeuw, from Middle Dutch snêe, from Old Dutch snēo, from Proto-Germanic *snaiwaz.


speler

From Dutch speler, from Middle Dutch speler.


asem

From Dutch asem (“breath”), from Middle Dutch âsem, âessem, from Old Dutch *āththem, from Proto-West Germanic *āþm, from Proto-Germanic *ēþmaz.


verbeelding

verbeelding (plural verbeeldings or verbeeldinge)

verbeeldings (plural)
verbeeldinge (plural)

From Dutch verbeelding, from Middle Dutch verbeeldinge. Equivalent to verbeeld + -ing.


kaffer

From Dutch kaffer, from Portuguese cafre, from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “infidel”).

Die Kaffers is meer menselik a’s die Boesmans. Hulle is wel swarter van kleur, maar hulle is groter van lijf en beter geskape. Hulle lewensaart is oek nie so beestelik a’s die Boesmans syn nie.

1877, Genootskap van regte Afrikaners, Die geskiedenis van ons land in die taal van ons volk, Capetown, page 13:

The Bantu are more human(e) than the Bushmen. Though they are blacker in colour, they are taller in built and better in shape. Moreover, their way of life is not so bestial as that of the Bushmen.

(historical, obsolete) A Bantu person (as distinct from a Bushman)

(now offensive, ethnic slur) A black person, especially a Bantu.


boomgaard

From Dutch boomgaard, from Middle Dutch boomgaert, from Old Dutch bōmgardo. Equivalent to boom (“tree”) + gaard (“garden”).


fok

From Dutch fok, from Middle Dutch focke, further origin unclear. Possibly from the verb vocken (“to blow”), itself of uncertain origin, perhaps related to Faroese fokka (“jib”), though this could have been a reverse borrowing. Both of these could be from Proto-Germanic *fuk(k)ōn- (“to blow”), from Proto-Indo-European *pug-néh₂-.


fok

From Dutch fokken, from Middle Dutch focken, vocken, from Old Dutch *fokken, possibly of Scandinavian/North Germanic origin (compare Norwegian fukka, Swedish fokka), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *fukkōną. Likely related to German ficken. The pejorative senses and usage are semantic loans of English fuck.

Sy tong hang uit vir 'n lekker fok.

His tongue hangs out for a nice fuck. (He is horny.)

Hy was so 'n lekker fok gewees.


godin

godin (plural godinne, diminutive godinnetjie)

godinne (plural)
godinnetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch godin, from Middle Dutch godinne. Equivalent to god + -in.


wrak

From Middle Dutch wrac (“defective; wreck”), from Proto-West Germanic *wrekan, from Proto-Germanic *wrekaną (“to push, drive out”), probably in the sense of things cast ashore.

der

Hulle het die wrak langs die koraalrif geplunder.

They plundered the wreck next to the coral reef.

A wreck (remains of a vehicle, vessel, aircraft or other piece of machinery).

Anna was 'n wrak na Henk se oorlye.

Anna was an emotional wreck after Henk's death.


Armeen

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Armeen (plural Armene, diminutive Armeentjie)

Armenian (person from Armenia or of Armenian descent)


sandstrand

sandstrand (plural sandstrande, diminutive sandstrandjie)

sandstrande (plural)
sandstrandjie (diminutive)

From Dutch zandstrand, equivalent to sand + strand.


edelsteen

From Dutch edelsteen, from Middle Dutch ēdelstêen. Equivalent to edel (“noble”) + steen (“stone”).


bek

From Dutch bek, from Middle Dutch bec, from Old French bec, from Vulgar Latin beccus.


botter

botter (plural botters, diminutive bottertjie)

botters (plural)
bottertjie (diminutive)

From a dialectal variant of Dutch boter, from Middle Dutch bōter, from Old Dutch *butera, from Latin būtȳrum, from Ancient Greek βούτυρον (boúturon).

(uncountable) butter; a soft, fatty foodstuff made from the cream of milk

Ons het 'n klomp gegeurde botters beskikbaar.

We have a lot of flavoured butter [types]/butters available.

(chemistry, dated) butter; any specific soft substance


toestemming

toestemming (plural toestemmings or toestemminge (dated))

toestemmings (plural)
toestemminge (dated plural)

From Dutch toestemming. Equivalent to toestem + -ing.


meerderheid

From Dutch meerderheid. Equivalent to meerder + -heid.


nis

From Dutch nis, from Middle French niche.


verkenning

verkenning (plural verkennings or verkenninge (dated))

verkennings (plural)
verkenninge (dated plural)

From Dutch verkenning. Equivalent to verken + -ing.


tekening

tekening (plural tekeninge or tekenings, diminutive tekeninkie)

tekeninge (plural)
tekenings (plural)
tekeninkie (diminutive)

/ˈtɪə̯.kə.nəŋ/

From Dutch tekening, from Middle Dutch tekeninge. Equivalent to teken + -ing.


voeding

From Dutch voeding, from Middle Dutch voedinge. Equivalent to voed + -ing.


akwarium

From Dutch aquarium, from Latin aquārium.


toekoms

From Dutch toekomst, from Middle Dutch toecomste.


altaar

From Dutch altaar, from Middle Dutch altare, from Old Dutch *altare, from Latin altāre.


ambulans

From Dutch ambulance, from French ambulance.


bewind

From Dutch bewind, from Middle Dutch bewint.


veiligheid

/ˈfəi̯.ləχˌɦəi̯t/

From Dutch veiligheid, from Middle Dutch veilicheit. Equivalent to veilig (“safe”) + -heid (“-ty”).


minnares

minnares (plural minnaresse, diminutive minnaressie)

minnaresse (plural)
minnaressie (diminutive)


gebaar

From Dutch gebaar (which see), from Middle Dutch gebare, from Old Dutch gebare.

gesture (act or token of appreciation or lack thereof)


voordeur

From Dutch voordeur, from Middle Dutch voredore. Equivalent to voor + deur.


spreekwoord

spreekwoord (plural spreekwoorde, diminutive spreekwoordjie)

spreekwoorde (plural)
spreekwoordjie (diminutive)

From Dutch spreekwoord, from Middle Dutch spreecwort. Equivalent to spreek + woord.


burgeroorlog

/ˈbœr.χərˌʊə̯r.lɔχ/

From Dutch burgeroorlog. Equivalent to burger + oorlog.


kabeljou

→ English: kabeljou

From Dutch kabeljauw, from Middle Dutch cabelliau, from Old Dutch *cabillao.


volharding

From Dutch volharding, from Middle Dutch volherdinge. Equivalent to volhard + -ing.


hef

From Dutch heft, from Middle Dutch hefte.


skouer

From Dutch schouder, from Middle Dutch schouder, from Old Dutch *skuldero, from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru.


duin

duin (plural duine, diminutive duintjie)

From Dutch duin, from Middle Dutch dûne, from Old Dutch dūn, dūno, from Proto-West Germanic *dūnā.


myn

From Dutch mijn, from Middle Dutch mine, from Old French mine, from Late Latin mina, from Gaulish, from Proto-Celtic *meinis (“ore, metal”). Some senses were borrowed in Dutch from French mine (“explosive device”) and Middle French mine (“tunnel for sapping”).

der

mine (place or tunnel for the excavation of mineral resources)

mine (hidden device that explodes when triggered)

mine (tunnel used for sapping enemy defence works or lines)


raadsel

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raadsel (plural raadsels, diminutive raadseltjie)

raadsels (plural)
raadseltjie (diminutive)

(archaic, uncommon) Alternative form of raaisel


ruiter

ruiter (plural ruiters, diminutive ruitertjie, feminine ruiterin)

ruiters (plural)
ruitertjie (diminutive)
ruiterin (feminine)

From Dutch ruiter, from Middle Dutch ruter, from Old French routier.

A rider of an animal, usually a horse; a horseman.

A knight or armed horseman of different rank; a soldier on a horse.

(uncommon) A rider or driver of something other than an animal.


opstandeling

From Dutch opstandeling. Equivalent to opstand + -e- + -ling.


gees

From Dutch geest, from Middle Dutch gêest, from Old Dutch gēst, from Proto-Germanic *gaistaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeysd-, *ǵʰisd- (“anger, agitation”).


oerknal

Borrowed from Dutch oerknal, itself probably borrowed from German Urknall. Equivalent to oer- (“primordial, primaeval”) + knal (“bang”).


rif

From Dutch rif, Middle Dutch rif, ref, from Old Norse rif (literally “rib”), from Proto-Germanic *ribją.


spreektaal

From Dutch spreektaal. Equivalent to spreek + taal.

vernacular (everyday/colloquial speech), spoken language


landskap

From Dutch landschap, from Middle Dutch lantschap.


steur

From Dutch steur, from Middle Dutch store, from Old Dutch sturo, from Proto-Germanic *sturjô (“sturgeon”).


duiker

desctree

→ English: duiker, duyker
→ Irish: dícear

From Dutch duiker, from Middle Dutch dukere. Equivalent to duik + -er.


kelk

From Dutch kelk, from Middle Dutch kelc, from Old Dutch kelik, from Latin calix, from Ancient Greek κᾰ́λῠξ (kắlŭx).

(botany) A calyx (outermost whorl of flower parts).


goedkeuring

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goedkeuring (plural goedkeurings or goedkeuringe (dated))

goedkeurings (plural)
goedkeuringe (dated plural)

/ˈχutˌkɪø.rɪŋ/

From Dutch goedkeuring. Equivalent to goedkeur + -ing.


klier

klier (plural kliere, diminutive kliertjie)


regisseur

/ˌrɪə̯.χiˈsɪør/

Inherited from Dutch regisseur, from French régisseur.

director (of movies, theatre or television)


kwagga

From Dutch quagga, derived from a Khoisan term, probably Haiǁom / Khoekhoe ǁkoaah, apparently of imitative origin.


sering

Melia azedarach
Melia azedarach#Translingual


priester

From Dutch priester, from Middle Dutch priester, from Latin presbyter, from Ancient Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbúteros).


dimensie

From Dutch dimensie, from French dimension, from Middle French [Term?], from Latin dīmēnsiō.

dimension (measure of spatial or analogous extent)

dimension (number of elements of any basis of a vector space)


toerisme

From Dutch toerisme, from either English tourism or French tourisme.


primaat

From Dutch primaat, from Latin prīmātēs.


kruisvaart

From Dutch kruisvaart, from Middle Dutch crucevaert, cruysvaert. Equivalent to kruis + vaart.


meule

meule (plural meulens or meules, diminutive meuletjie or meultjie)

meulens (plural)
meules (plural)
meuletjie (diminutive)
meultjie (diminutive)

From Dutch meulen, meulen, a formerly widespread dialectal form of Dutch molen, from Middle Dutch mōlen, from Old Dutch mulin, from Latin molīna.

mill (milling or grinding apparatus, building housing such an apparatus)


bundel

bundel (plural bundels, diminutive bundeltjie)

bundels (plural)
bundeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch bundel, from Middle Dutch bondel, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *bundil-, derivative of *bundą (“bundle”).

Sy het 'n bundeltjie tydskrifte meegeneem hotel toe.

She took a small bundle of magazines along to the hotel.

Dit is sy eerste bundel met prosa wat gepubliseer is.

This is his first bundle of prose that has been published.

edition of collected literary works, often poetry


Australiër

Australiër (plural Australiërs, diminutive Australiërtjie)

Australiërs (plural)
Australiërtjie (diminutive)

Australian (person from Australia or of Australian descent)


teater

/tɪə̯ˈɑː.tər/

From Dutch theater, from Middle French théâtre, from Old French theatre, from Latin theatrum, from Ancient Greek θέατρον (théatron, “a place for viewing”).


toenadering

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toenadering (plural toenaderings or toenaderinge (dated))

toenaderings (plural)
toenaderinge (dated plural)

→ English: toenadering

an approach; the process of coming closer


aartsengel

From Dutch aartsengel, ultimately from Latin archangelus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχάγγελος (arkhángelos).


stront

From Dutch stront, from Middle Dutch stront (“shit, manure”), from Old Dutch *strunt.


holte

From Dutch holte. Equivalent to hol + -te. The sense “foothold” may be influenced by English foothold, compare voetholte.


hefboom

hefboom (plural hefbome, diminutive hefboompie)

hefbome (plural)
hefboompie (diminutive)

From Dutch hefboom. Equivalent to hef + boom.


galg

From Dutch galg, from Middle Dutch galge, from Old Dutch *galga, from Proto-Germanic *galgô, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰalgʰ-, *ǵʰalg- (“long switch, rod, shaft, pole, perch”).


aambeeld

aambeeld (plural aambeelde, diminutive aambeeldjie)

aambeelde (plural)
aambeeldjie (diminutive)

From Dutch aambeeld, from Middle Dutch aenbilt.

(anatomy) incus; a small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear


hoender

hoender (plural hoenders, diminutive hoendertjie)

hoenders (plural)
hoendertjie (diminutive)

Formed back from the irregular plural hoenders of Dutch hoen, from Middle Dutch hoen, from Old Dutch *huon, from Proto-Germanic *hōną. Cognate to German Huhn, Luxembourgish Hong.


preek

From Dutch preek, from Middle Dutch predike with loss of intervocalic -d-. Equivalent to a deverbal from etymology 2.


warmte

From Dutch warmte, from Middle Dutch warmte. Equivalent to warm + -te.


fontein

fontein (plural fonteine, diminutive fonteintjie)

fonteine (plural)
fonteintjie (diminutive)


paspoort

paspoort (plural paspoorte, diminutive paspoortjie)

paspoorte (plural)
paspoortjie (diminutive)

From Dutch paspoort, from Middle Dutch passepoort, from Middle French passeport.


voetganger

voetganger (plural voetgangers, diminutive voetgangertjie, feminine voetgangster)

voetgangers (plural)
voetgangertjie (diminutive)
voetgangster (feminine)

→ English: voetganger

From Dutch voetganger, from Middle Dutch voetganger. Equivalent to voet + -ganger.

juvenile locust without the ability to fly, voetganger


gieter

gieter (plural gieters, diminutive gietertjie)

gieters (plural)
gietertjie (diminutive)


ruïne

From Dutch ruïne, from Middle French ruine.


Thailander

Thailander (plural Thailanders, diminutive Thailandertjie)

Thailanders (plural)
Thailandertjie (diminutive)

Thai, Thailander (person from Thailand or of Thai descent)


ysterbos

ysterbos (plural ysterbosse, diminutive ysterbossie)

ysterbosse (plural)
ysterbossie (diminutive)

Possibly from yster (“iron”) + bos (“shrub, shrublet, bush”)

Dodonaea thunbergii; Dodonaea angustifolia.


prent

prent (plural prente, diminutive prentjie)


Marokkaan

Marokkaan (plural Marokkane, diminutive Marokkaantjie)

Marokkane (plural)
Marokkaantjie (diminutive)

Moroccan (person from Morocco or of Moroccan descent)


ruspe

From Dutch ruspe, dialectal variant of rups, from Middle Dutch rupse.


spoel

From Dutch spoel, from Middle Dutch spoele, from Old Dutch *spuola, from Proto-Germanic *spōlǭ.


vloeistof

vloeistof (plural vloeistowwe, diminutive vloeistoffie)

vloeistowwe (plural)
vloeistoffie (diminutive)

From Dutch vloeistof. By surface analysis, vloei + stof.


skoen

From Dutch schoen, from Middle Dutch schoe.


risiko

From Dutch risico, from Italian risico, variant of risk (whence Modern Italian rischio and to run into danger). Further origin uncertain. See English risk for more.


patrones

patrones (plural patronesse, masculine patroon)

patroness; wealthy woman who supports an artist, craftsman, a scholar, etc.


bordeel

From Dutch bordeel, from Middle Dutch bordeel (“brothel; hut, hovel”), from Old French bordel (“hut; brothel”).

inh

Die bordeel was die interessantste gebou in die dorp.

The brothel was the most interesting building in the village.


sokker

association football
association football


hok

→ English: hok

A living shelter for domesticated animals.


vampier

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vampier (plural vampiere or vampiers, diminutive vampiertjie)

vampiere (plural)
vampiers (plural)
vampiertjie (diminutive)

A vampire (folkloric blood-sucking monster).

A vampire bat, bat of the subfamily Desmodontinae.


soen

soen (plural soene, diminutive soentjie)


gedagte

From Dutch gedachte, from Middle Dutch gedachte, from Old Dutch githāht, from Proto-Germanic *þanhtaz.

Die dokter lê snags wakker met dwangmatige gedagtes.

The doctor lies awake at night with compulsive thoughts.


ertjie

ertjie (plural ertjies or erte, diminutive ertjietjie)

ertjies (plural)
erte (plural)
ertjietjie (diminutive)

→ Xhosa: i-ertyisi

From Dutch erwtje, diminutive of erwt (“pea”).


dogter

dogter (plural dogters, diminutive dogtertjie)

dogters (plural)
dogtertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch dochter, from Middle Dutch dochter, from Old Dutch dohter, from Proto-Germanic *duhtēr, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr.


seun

seun (plural seuns, diminutive seuntjie)

From dialectal Dutch zeun (standard zoon), from Middle Dutch sone, suene, from Old Dutch *sunu, suno, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.


meisie

meisie (plural meisies, diminutive meisietjie)

meisies (plural)
meisietjie (diminutive)

From Dutch meisie, dialectal variant of meisje, from Middle Dutch meisin, meysjen, diminutive of meid (“girl, lass”).


kindermishandeling

From Dutch kindermishandeling. Equivalent to kind (“child”) + -er- + mishandeling (“abuse”).


hoërskool

From hoër (“higher”) + skool (“school”).


troeteldier

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troeteldier (plural troeteldiere, diminutive troeteldiertjie)

troeteldiere (plural)
troeteldiertjie (diminutive)

From troetel (“to spoil, to cuddle”) + dier (“animal”).


korhaan

korhaan, any of several large terrestrial birds in the bustard family Otididae


skurk

(fiction) villain (an evil character in a work of fiction)


aanmatiging

/ˈɑːˌmɑːtə.χəŋ/

From Dutch aanmatiging. Equivalent to aanmatig + -ing.


bedrog

From Dutch bedrog, from Middle Dutch bedroch. Equivalent to a deverbal from bedrieg.


beleefdheid

/bəˈlɪə̯ftˌɦəi̯t/

From Dutch beleefdheid. Equivalent to beleefd + -heid.


Woensdag

From Dutch woensdag, from Middle Dutch woensdach, from earlier wenesdach, wondsdach, from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdanas dag (“day of Woden”), a calque of Latin dies Mercurii.


Vrydag

From Dutch vrijdag, from Middle Dutch vrīdach, vriendach, from Old Dutch *frīadag, from Proto-West Germanic *Frījā dag (“day of Frigg”), calque of Latin dies Veneris.


piesang

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piesang (plural piesangs, diminutive piesankie)

piesangs (plural)
piesankie (diminutive)


beesvleis

From bees (“bovine; beast”) + vleis (“meat”).

Daar was baie veel beesvleis by die braai.

There was really a lot of beef at the barbecue.


kersie

kersie (plural kersies, diminutive kersietjie)

kersies (plural)
kersietjie (diminutive)

Diminutive of Dutch kers (“cherry”). The basic form has been reserved to the etymologically distinct kers (“candle”) in Afrikaans (compare etymology 2).


keiser

From Dutch keizer, from Middle Dutch keiser, from Old Dutch keiser, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.


gestalte

From Dutch gestalte, from Middle Dutch gestalt, from Middle High German gestalt.


wetenskap

From Dutch wetenschap, from Middle Dutch wetenschap.


voorvader

From Dutch voorvader. By surface analysis, voor (“fore, before”) + vader (“father”).


vors

From Dutch vorst, from Middle Dutch vorste, from Old Dutch furista, fursta, from the substantivised weak inflection of Proto-Germanic *furistaz (“first”).


doeleinde

From Dutch doeleinde. Equivalent to doel + einde.


rym

From Dutch rijm, from Middle Dutch rijm, from Old French rime.


waatlemoen

Ultimately from Dutch watermeloen. Morphologically equivalent to water + lemoen.


skat

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skat (plural skatte, diminutive skatjie)

From Dutch schat, from Middle Dutch schat, from Old Dutch *skat, from Proto-Germanic *skattaz.


vuurwerk

From Dutch vuurwerk. Equivalent to vuur + werk.


njala

From a Bantu language, likely either Tsonga nyala or Zulu inyala.


eekhoring

eekhoring (plural eekhorings, diminutive eekhorinkie)

eekhorings (plural)
eekhorinkie (diminutive)

From Dutch eekhoorn, from Middle Dutch ecorn, eencoren, from Old Dutch *ēkorno, from Proto-Germanic *aikwernô.


tydberekening

From tyd (“time”) + berekening (“calculation, estimate”).


tydsberekening

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tydsberekening (plural tydsberekenings or tydsberekeninge)

tydsberekenings (plural)
tydsberekeninge (plural)

From tyd (“time”) + -s- + berekening (“calculation, estimate”).


vloekwoord

Negerhollands: vloekwoord


uitlaatpyp

From uitlaat (“exhaust”) + pyp (“pipe”).


uitsig

Wat 'n lekker uitsig! – what a nice view!


verbindingswoord

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verbindingswoord (plural verbindingswoorde, diminutive verbindingswoordjie)

verbindingswoorde (plural)
verbindingswoordjie (diminutive)

From verbinding (“connection”) + woord (“word”).


Spanjaard

Spanjaard (plural Spanjaarde, diminutive Spanjaardjie)

Spanjaarde (plural)
Spanjaardjie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch Spanjaard, equivalent to Spanje + -aard.

Spaniard (person from Spain or of Spanish descent)


Ier

Irishman (person from Ireland or of Irish descent)


huls

From Dutch hulst, from Middle Dutch huls, from Old Dutch *hulis, from Proto-West Germanic *hulis.

Ilex aquifolium
Ilex aquifolium#Translingual


sirkel

sirkel (plural sirkels, diminutive sirkeltjie)

sirkels (plural)
sirkeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch cirkel, from Middle Dutch cirkel, from Latin circulus or Old French cercle, itself from Latin.


steenbok

→ English: steenbok


hertogin

hertogin (plural hertoginne, diminutive hertoginnetjie, masculine hertog)

hertoginne (plural)
hertoginnetjie (diminutive)
hertog (masculine)

From Dutch hertogin. A compound of hertog (“duke”) + -in (“feminine suffix”).

suffix

a duchess (wife of a duke; female ruler of a duchy)


afasie

Inherited from Dutch afasie, from French aphasie, from Ancient Greek ἀφασία (aphasía). More at aphasia.


Malediver

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Malediver (plural Maledivers, diminutive Maledivertjie)

Maledivers (plural)
Maledivertjie (diminutive)

Maldivian (person from the Maldives or of Maldivian descent)


dakpan

From Dutch dakpan. Equivalent to dak + pan.


volkslied

From Dutch volkslied. Equivalent to volk + -s- + lied.


ritme

From Dutch ritme, from Latin rhythmus, from Ancient Greek ῥυθμός (rhuthmós).


motief

From Dutch motief, from Middle Dutch motijf, from French motif, from Latin mōtīvus.

Sy wil haar familielede en vriende help en dit is haar motief om lid te word van die hulporganisasie.

She wants to help out her relatives and friends and that is her reason for becoming a member of the aid organisation.

Daar is geen motiewe in hierdie kuns, alleen maar improvisasie nie.

There are no motifs in this art, there's only improvisation.


buideldier

buideldier (plural buideldiere, diminutive buideldiertjie)

buideldiere (plural)
buideldiertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch buideldier, from German Beuteltier.

marsupial, animal of the infraclass Marsupialia


parasiet

From Dutch parasiet, from Middle French parasite, from Latin parasitus, from Ancient Greek παράσιτος (parásitos).


longontsteking

longontsteking (plural [please provide])


onderarm

onderarm (plural onderarms, diminutive onderarmpie)

onderarms (plural)
onderarmpie (diminutive)

From Dutch onderarm. Compound of onder (“under”) + arm (“arm”).


Kazak

Kazakh; Kazakhstani (person from Kazakhstan or of Kazakh descent)


Brusselaar

Brusselaar (plural Brusselaars or Brusselare, diminutive Brusselaartjie)

Brusselaars (plural)
Brusselare (plural)
Brusselaartjie (diminutive)

From Dutch Brusselaar, equivalent to Brussel + -aar.

An inhabitant of Brussels, the capital city of Belgium


kiek

From Dutch kiek, used chiefly in the diminutive kiekje.

(rare) photo; photograph (usually taken by an amateur photographer)


inwoner

inwoner (plural inwoners, feminine inwoonster)


Georgiër

Georgiër (plural Georgiërs, diminutive Georgiërtjie)

Georgiërs (plural)
Georgiërtjie (diminutive)

Georgian (person from the country of Georgia or of Georgian descent)


Luxemburger

Luxemburger (plural Luxemburgers, diminutive Luxemburgertjie)

Luxemburgers (plural)
Luxemburgertjie (diminutive)

Luxembourger (person from the city or country of Luxembourg or of Luxembourgish descent)


tronk

→ English: tronk

→ Kwanyama: ondolonggo

From Dutch tronk (“prison, dungeon, stocks”), from Portuguese tronco (“block, prison, dungeon”), from Latin truncus (“trunk”).


middelmannetjie

middel (“middle”) + man (“man”) + -etjie (“diminutive suffix”).


tweeklank

Compound of twee (“two”) + klank (“sound”).


spaargeld

From Dutch spaargeld, from German Spargeld. Equivalent to spaar + geld.


verwoesting

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verwoesting (plural verwoestings or verwoestinge (dated))

verwoestings (plural)
verwoestinge (dated plural)

From Dutch verwoesting, from Middle Dutch verwoestinge. Equivalent to verwoes + -ing.


pantoffel

pantoffel (plural pantoffels, diminutive pantoffeltjie)

pantoffels (plural)
pantoffeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch pantoffel, from Middle Dutch pantoffel, pantoeffel.


wese

From Dutch wezen, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną.


gifslang

From Dutch gifslang. Equivalent to gif + slang.


adelstand

From Dutch adelstand. Equivalent to adel + stand.


Oekraïner

Oekraïner (plural Oekraïners, diminutive Oekraïnertjie)

Oekraïners (plural)
Oekraïnertjie (diminutive)

Ukrainian (person from Ukraine or of Ukrainian descent)


uurglas

uurglas (plural uurglase, diminutive uurglasie)

uurglase (plural)
uurglasie (diminutive)

From Dutch uurglas. Equivalent to uur (“hour”) + glas (“glass”).


muntstuk

muntstuk (plural muntstukke, diminutive muntstukkie)

muntstukke (plural)
muntstukkie (diminutive)

From Dutch muntstuk. Equivalent to munt + stuk.


reukwater

(cosmetics) perfume, especially for women


Vanuatuer

Vanuatuer (plural Vanuatuers, diminutive Vanuatuertjie)

Vanuatuers (plural)
Vanuatuertjie (diminutive)

Vanuatuan (person from Vanuatu or of Vanuatuan descent)


koevoet

From Dutch koevoet (“wedged crowbar; cow's foot”), from Middle Dutch coevoet (“cow's foot”).


reddingsboot

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reddingsboot (plural reddingsbote, diminutive reddingsbootjie)

reddingsbote (plural)
reddingsbootjie (diminutive)

From Dutch reddingsboot. Equivalent to redding + -s- + boot.


protes

From Dutch protest, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French [Term?], from Latin protestō.


Noor

Norwegian (person from Norway or of Norwegian descent)


winkelhaak

From Dutch winkelhaak, from Middle Dutch winkelhake.


musiek

musiek (uncountable, diminutive musiekie)

From Dutch muziek, from French musique, from Latin (ars) musica, a partial calque from Ancient Greek μουσική (τέχνη) (mousikḗ (tékhnē), “(art) of the Muses”).

der

μουσική (τέχνη)


toring

From Dutch toren, from Middle Dutch torre, from Old Dutch turn, from Old French tur, from Latin turris.


vuurtoring

From Dutch vuurtoren. Equivalent to vuur + toring.


sinagoge

From Dutch synagoge, from Middle Dutch sinagoge, from Old French synagoge, from Latin synagōga, from Ancient Greek συναγωγή (sunagōgḗ, “assembly, gathering”).


skildery

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skildery (plural skilderye, diminutive skilderytjie)

skilderye (plural)
skilderytjie (diminutive)


koninkryk

/ˈkʊə̯nəŋkrəi̯k/

From Dutch koninkrijk, from Middle Dutch koninkrike, from Old Dutch *kuningrīki, from Proto-Germanic *kuningarīkiją. Equivalent to koning + ryk.

kingdom (nation having as supreme ruler a king and/or queen)

kingdom (taxonomic division, below Domain and above Phylum)


dader

From Dutch dader. Equivalent to daad (“deed”) + -er.


Maleier

Maleier (plural Maleiers, diminutive Maleiertjie)

Maleiers (plural)
Maleiertjie (diminutive)

Malay, Malayan (person from Malaya, of Malay descent or belonging the Malay ethnic group)


mensheid

From Dutch mensheid, from Middle Dutch menschheit. Equivalent to mens (“human”) + -heid.


steekproef

From Dutch steekproef, from German Stichprobe. Equivalent to steek + proef.

sample (subset of a population selected for measurement)


halte

halte (plural haltes, diminutive haltetjie)

stop (place to get on and off buses or trams)


middelmatigheid

/mɪ̈dəɫˈmɑːtəˌχəi̯t/

From Dutch middelmatigheid, from Middle Dutch middelmaticheit. Equivalent to middelmatig + -heid.


pouse

break, rest (interruption of an activity for some time off)


akkordeon

akkordeon (plural akkordeons, diminutive akkordeontjie)

akkordeons (plural)
akkordeontjie (diminutive)

From Dutch accordeon, borrowed from French accordéon, from German Akkordeon.


luisteraar

From Dutch luisteraar. Equivalent to luister + -aar.


salaris

From Dutch salaris, from Middle Dutch salarijs, from Latin salarium.


klaaglied

klaaglied (plural klaagliedere, diminutive klaagliedjie)

klaagliedere (plural)
klaagliedjie (diminutive)

From Dutch klaaglied. Equivalent to klaag + lied.


veldslag

From Dutch veldslag, from German Feldschlacht. Equivalent to veld (“field”) + slag (“battle”).

A battle on open land (therefore excluding sieges).


vloot

From Dutch vloot, from Middle Dutch vlote, an ablauted noun derived from vlieten. Cognate to Old Saxon flota, Middle Low German vlote, Old High German flozza, German Flosse, West Frisian float, Old English flota, Old Norse floti, all derived from Proto-Germanic *flutan- (“floating object”).


weemoed

From Dutch weemoed, from Middle Dutch weemoede (“deep sadness”), backformation from weemoedich. The semantic development was later influenced by German Wehmut, from Middle Low German wēmōt. Analysable as wee (“pain, woe, sadness”) + moed (“mood”).


sterretjies-jasmyn

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sterretjies-jasmyn (plural sterretjies-jasmyne, diminutive sterrtjies-jasmyntjie)

sterretjies-jasmyne (plural)
sterrtjies-jasmyntjie (diminutive)


ruimtetuig

Compound of ruimte + tuig. Compare Dutch ruimtetuig.


eierstok

eierstok (plural eierstokke, diminutive eierstokkie)

eierstokke (plural)
eierstokkie (diminutive)

From Dutch eierstok, from German Eierstock. Equivalent to eier (“egg”) + stok (“stick”).


Hongaar

Hongaar (plural Hongare, diminutive Hongaartjie)

Hongare (plural)
Hongaartjie (diminutive)

Hungarian (person from Hungary or of Hungarian descent)


weerwolf

From Dutch weerwolf, from Middle Dutch wēerwolf, from Old Dutch *werwulf, from Proto-West Germanic *werawulf.


minnaar

minnaar (plural minnaars, diminutive minnaartjie, feminine minnares)

minnaars (plural)
minnaartjie (diminutive)
minnares (feminine)


deug

From Dutch deugd, from Middle Dutch dōget, from Old Dutch *dugeth, from Proto-Germanic *dugunþō (“usefulness, virtue”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ- (“to be ready, be sufficient”).


rabarber

From Dutch rabarber, borrowed from Medieval Latin rhabarbarum.


kombuis

From Dutch kombuis, from Middle Dutch cabuse.


slavin

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slavin (plural slavinne, diminutive slavinnetjie, masculine slaaf)

slavinne (plural)
slavinnetjie (diminutive)
slaaf (masculine)

From Dutch slavin. By surface analysis, slaaf + -in.


omgang

From Dutch omgang, from Middle Dutch ommegang, from Old Dutch *umbigang, from Proto-Germanic *umbigangaz. Equivalent to om (“around”) + gang (“course, way”).


visarend

From Dutch visarend (“osprey”). By surface analysis, vis + arend.

Haliaeetus vocifer
Haliaeetus vocifer#Translingual

fish eagle, especially the African fish eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer).


versie

From Dutch versie, from French version, from Middle French version, from Medieval Latin versiō (“a turning”).


oliebol

oliebol (plural oliebolle, diminutive oliebolletjie)

oliebolle (plural)
oliebolletjie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch oliebol, equivalent of olie + bol.


B.Ing.

From Baccalaureus in die Ingenieurswese.


gneis

Borrowed from German Gneis, from Middle High German gneist (“spark”), Old High German gneisto (“spark”).


profeet

profeet (plural profete, diminutive profeetjie)

profete (plural)
profeetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch profeet, from Middle Dutch prophete, from Old French prophete, from Latin propheta, from Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs).


wenteltrap

From Dutch wenteltrap, from German Wendeltreppe. Equivalent to wentel + trap.


waan

From Dutch waan, from Middle Dutch waen, from Old Dutch *wān, from Proto-Germanic *wēniz.


wisselkoers

From Dutch wisselkoers. Equivalent to wissel + koers.


sleutelbeen

sleutelbeen (plural sleutelbene, diminutive sleutelbeentjie)

sleutelbene (plural)
sleutelbeentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch sleutelbeen. Compound of sleutel (“key”) + been (“bone”).


duisend

From Dutch duizend, from Middle Dutch dusent, from Old Dutch thūsunt, from Proto-Germanic *þūsundī.


digter

From Dutch dichter, from Middle Dutch dichtere.


digteres

From Dutch dichteres. By surface analysis, digter + -es.

female equivalent of digter: a poetess, female poet


kreupelhout

From Dutch kreupelhout. Equivalent to kreupel (“cripple(d)”) + hout (“wood”).


leunstoel

leunstoel (plural leunstoele, diminutive leunstoeltjie)

leunstoele (plural)
leunstoeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch leunstoel. Compound of leun + stoel.


Engelsman

Bo jou kop, Engelsman!

2008, Christopher-Lee dos Santos, At thy Call, Dino Pappas and Ksenija Micic:

(South Africa, dated, derogatory, ethnic slur) A South African of British (especially English) descent, and/or whose first language is English (as opposed to Afrikaans-speaking Afrikaner South Africans).


bokkom

Salted dried fish (normally mullet). Traditional delicacy popular on the West Coast of South Africa


Here

From Dutch Here, from Middle Dutch hêre, from Old Dutch hērro, hēro, from Old High German hēriro, hērro, the comparative form of hēr (“noble, venerable”) (German hehr), by analogy with Latin senior (“elder”). The Old High German word originally meant "grey, grey-haired", and descends from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”).


wandelpad

wandelpad (plural wandelpaaie, diminutive wandelpaadjie)

wandelpaaie (plural)
wandelpaadjie (diminutive)

From Dutch wandelpad. Equivalent to wandel (“to walk”) + pad (“path, road”).

A path for walking; a walkway, a trail, a footpath.


legioen

From Dutch legioen, from Middle Dutch legioen, from Old French legion, from Latin legiō.


klink

From Dutch klink, form Middle Dutch clinke.


hulpbron

From Dutch hulpbron. Equivalent to hulp + bron.


strik

From Dutch strik, from Middle Dutch stric, from Old Dutch stric, from Proto-Germanic *strikkiz (“line; rope”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“stiff; rigid; tight; rope; cord”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“stiff”).


vermaak

From Dutch vermaak, from vermaken. Equivalent to a deverbal of vermaak.


dwaal

From Dutch dwalen, from Middle Dutch dwalen, from Old Dutch *dwalon, from Proto-Germanic *dwalōną.


kreukel

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kreukel (plural kreukels, diminutive kreukeltjie)

kreukels (plural)
kreukeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch kreukel, from Middle Dutch crokel.


stroopwafel

Borrowed from Dutch stroopwafel. Equivalent to stroop + wafel.


kroket

Directly or ultimately from French croquet.


kroket

From Dutch kroket, from French croquette.


blaker

blaker (plural blakers, diminutive blakertjie)

blakers (plural)
blakertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch blaker, from Middle Dutch blaker.

low candle holder or candelabrum, usually with a flat foot

Sit op jou blaker!


halssnoer

halssnoer (plural halssnoere, diminutive halssnoertjie)

halssnoere (plural)
halssnoertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch halssnoer. Equivalent to hals + snoer.


oorring

oorring (plural oorringe, diminutive oorringjie)

oorringe (plural)
oorringjie (diminutive)

From Dutch oorring. Compound of oor + ring.


klank

From Dutch klank, from Middle Dutch clanc.


aasvoël

aasvoël (plural aasvoëls, diminutive aasvoëltjie)

aasvoëls (plural)
aasvoëltjie (diminutive)

→ English: aasvogel

(figuratively) vulture, a person who profits from the suffering of others


sloep

A small boat with oars, a mast or an engine, often carried on the deck of a ship; a sloop.


honne

plural of hond (alternative form of honde).


honne

Kom hier, honne!

Die honne hier op die plaas skrik vir niks nie.

The dogs here on the farm aren't afraid of anything.


Iraniër

Iraniër (plural Iraniërs, diminutive Iraniërtjie)

Iraniërs (plural)
Iraniërtjie (diminutive)

Iranian (person from Iran or of Iranian descent)


hoogtevrees

/ˈɦʊə̯χ.təˌfrɪə̯s/

From Dutch hoogtevrees. Equivalent to hoogte (“height”) + vrees (“fear”).


klimaatsverandering

klimaatsverandering (plural klimaatsveranderings or klimaatsveranderinge)

klimaatsveranderings (plural)
klimaatsveranderinge (plural)

From klimaat + -s- + verandering, calque of English climate change.


Nepalees

Nepalees (plural Nepalese, diminutive Nepalesie)

Nepalese (plural)
Nepalesie (diminutive)

Nepali, Nepalese (person from Nepal or of Nepali descent)


avonturier

From Dutch avonturier, from Middle French aventurier. Equivalent to avontuur + -ier. Shift to o is due to Dutch avond.


gletser

From Dutch gletsjer via the older form gletser.


Tadjik

Tajik, Tajikistani (person from Tajikistan, of Tajikistani descent, or of Tajik descent)

Tajik (member of the Tajik people, an ethnic group primarily living in Tajikistan)


treffer

From Dutch treffer. Equivalent to tref + -er.


donkerte

From Dutch donkerte. Equivalent to donker + -te.


bontebok

→ English: bontebok

→ Italian: bontebok

From Dutch bontebok (literally “motley goat”).


boelie

2000, Philip de Vos, Die Deng van Gauteng, Human & Rousseau (1996, Cape Town), quoted by Bruce Donaldson, Colloquial Afrikaans, page 74.
'n Stuitige man van Bethulie
Was rêrig 'n vreeslike boelie,
Hy kielie jou sommer
So met sy komkommer,
En sê dan dis nie bedoelie.
A cheeky man from Bethulie
Really was a terrible bully,
Just like that he tickles you
With his cucumber,


servet

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servet (plural servette, diminutive servetjie)

servette (plural)
servetjie (diminutive)

→ Sotho: sarefete

From Dutch servet, from Middle French serviette.


neut

From Dutch noot, from Middle Dutch nōte, from Old Dutch *nutu, from Proto-Germanic *hnuts, from Proto-Indo-European *knew-.


strandwolf

→ English: strandwolf

From Dutch strandwolf. By surface analysis, strand + wolf.


rooigras

Equivalent to rooi (“red”) + gras (“grass”).


Andorrees

Andorrees (plural Andorrese, diminutive Andorresie)

Andorrese (plural)
Andorresie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch Andorrees, equivalent to Andorra + -ees.


grysbok

→ English: grysbok

From Dutch grijsbok. By surface analysis, grys + bok.


Reykjaviker

Reykjaviker (plural Reykjavikers, diminutive Reykjavikertjie)

Reykjavikers (plural)
Reykjavikertjie (diminutive)


noodtoestand

From Dutch noodtoestand. Equivalent to nood + toestand.

state of emergency
state of emergency#English


yster

From Dutch ijzer, from Middle Dutch iser, from Old Dutch *īsarn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną, from Proto-Celtic *īsarnom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”).


leeu

leeu (plural leeus, diminutive leeutjie)

From Dutch leeuw, from Middle Dutch leeuwe, from Old Dutch lewo, from Latin leō, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).

(colloquial) a supporter of the Lions, a South African rugby team


renoster

renoster (plural renosters, diminutive renostertjie)

renosters (plural)
renostertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch renoster, from Latin rhīnocerōs, from Ancient Greek ῥῑνόκερως (rhīnókerōs).

Die feit dat daar in Kenia al hele renostertroppe uitgewis is in een nag en individuele renosters gekaap en doodgemaak is op pad na natuurreservate, het Anna Merz tot aksie gedwing.

The fact that whole rhino herds have been wiped out in one night in Kenya and individual rhinos have been hijacked and killed on their way to nature reserves, forced Anna Merz to take action.


Ethiopiër

Ethiopiër (plural Ethiopiërs, diminutive Ethiopiërtjie)

Ethiopiërs (plural)
Ethiopiërtjie (diminutive)

Ethiopian (person from Ethiopia or of Ethiopian descent)


zol

zol (plural zolle, diminutive zolletjie)


tonnel

Borrowed from English tunnel, from Middle French tonnelle or tonnel.


gedaante

/χəˈdɑːn.tə/

From Dutch gedaante, from Middle Dutch gedaente.


blanke

a white person, someone with a light skin colour


klont

klont (plural klonte, diminutive klontjie)

From Dutch klont, from Middle Dutch clont.


pofadder

From South African Dutch pofadder. Equivalent to pof + adder.


Somaliër

Somaliër (plural Somaliërs, diminutive Somaliërtjie)

Somaliërs (plural)
Somaliërtjie (diminutive)

Somali (person from Somalia or of Somali descent)


laai

laai (plural laaie, diminutive laaitjie)

From Dutch lade, from Middle Dutch lāde, from Old Dutch *latha, from Proto-Germanic *hlaþō.


apteek

apteek (plural apteke, diminutive aptekie)

prescription drug
prescription drug#English

pharmacy; chemist (a place where prescription drugs are sold or dispensed)


prostituut

prostituut (plural prostitute, diminutive prostituutjie)

prostitute (plural)
prostituutjie (diminutive)


geslag

From Dutch geslacht, from Middle Dutch geslachte, from slachte, from Old Dutch slahta, from Proto-Germanic *slahtō. Compare German Geschlecht (“gender, kind, lineage”).


beheersing

/bəˈɦɪə̯r.səŋ/

From Dutch beheersing. Equivalent to beheers + -ing.

proficiency, command, mastery, knowledge


transfusie

From Dutch transfusie, from Latin transfusiō. Equivalent to trans- + fusie.


drif

From Dutch drift, from Middle Dutch drift, from Old Dutch *drift, from Proto-Germanic *driftiz.


brulpadda

From brul (“roar, to roar”) + padda (“frog”).


erdvark

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erdvark (plural erdvarke, diminutive erdvarkie)

erdvarke (plural)
erdvarkie (diminutive)


maere

maere (plural maeres, diminutive maeretjie)

sewe vet koeie en sewe maeres

independent form of maer: someone or something that is lean, skinny, scrawny


klere

From Dutch kleren, from klederen, from Middle Dutch clederen, plural of cleet.


كُوْنِڠْ

كُوْنِڠْ (kūniŋ)


پْرَُوفَِيت

پْرَُوفَِيت (prōfēt)


ontkenning

ontkenning (plural ontkennings or ontkenninge (dated))

ontkennings (plural)
ontkenninge (dated plural)

From Dutch ontkenning. Equivalent to ontken + -ing.


argitek

From Dutch architect, from Middle French architecte, from Latin architectus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχιτέκτων (arkhitéktōn).


Soedanees

Soedanees (plural Soedanese, diminutive Soedanesie)

Soedanese (plural)
Soedanesie (diminutive)


polisie

From Dutch politie, from Middle Dutch policie, from Middle French policie.


Wit-Rus

Wit-Rus (plural Wit-Russe, diminutive Wit-Russie)

Wit-Russe (plural)
Wit-Russie (diminutive)


aalwyn

aalwyn (plural aalwyne, diminutive aalwyntjie)

aalwyne (plural)
aalwyntjie (diminutive)


appèl

appèl afwys


aalmoesenier

aalmoesenier (plural aalmoeseniere or aalmoeseniers, diminutive aalmoeseniertjie)

aalmoeseniere (plural)
aalmoeseniers (plural)
aalmoeseniertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch aalmoezenier, from Middle Dutch aelmoeseniere, from Old French almosnier, from Latin eleēmosynārius.


kabosjon

kabosjon (plural kabosjons or kabosjonne)


x-straal

x-straal (plural x-strale, diminutive x-straaltjie)

x-strale (plural)
x-straaltjie (diminutive)


xilofoon

xilofoon (plural xilofone, diminutive xilofoontjie)

xilofone (plural)
xilofoontjie (diminutive)


ysie

Bring net 'n ysie en vleisie.

(colloquial) a drink, an alcoholic beverage


bosbewaring

From bos (“forest”) + bewaring (“conservation”).


bosbewoner

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bosbewoner (plural bosbewoners, diminutive bosbewonertjie)

bosbewoners (plural)
bosbewonertjie (diminutive)


boswagter

boswagter (plural boswagters, diminutive boswagtertjie)

boswagters (plural)
boswagtertjie (diminutive)


boswerker

boswerker (plural boswerkers, diminutive boswerkertjie)

boswerkers (plural)
boswerkertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch boswerker. Equivalent to bos (“forest”) + werker (“worker”).


praktyk

From Dutch praktijk, from Middle Dutch practike, from Old French practique, from Latin prāctica, from Ancient Greek πρᾱκτική (prāktikḗ).


lekkergoed

lekkergoed (plurale tantum, diminutive lekkergoedjies)

From lekker (“sweet, delicious”) + goed (“things, stuff”).


prys

From Dutch prijs, from Middle Dutch prijs, prise, from Old French pris, preis, from Latin pretium.


waterbok

Compound of water (“water”) + bok (“buck”).


collectivum

From Dutch collectivum, from Latin collectīvus (“collected or gathered together”).


blesbok

→ English: blesbuck

→ Italian: blesbok


voortplanting

From Dutch voortplanting. Equivalent to voortplant + -ing.


reebok

From Dutch reebok, from Middle Dutch reeboc. Equivalent to ree (“roe”) + bok (“goat, antelope”).


koppie

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koppie (plural koppies, diminutive koppietjie)

koppies (plural)
koppietjie (diminutive)

→ Sotho: kopi


donkie

donkie (plural donkies, diminutive donkietjie)

donkies (plural)
donkietjie (diminutive)


kameelperd

From Dutch kameelpaard, from Latin camelopardus, possibly reanalyzed as kameel (“camel”) + perd (“horse”) through folk etymology.


reun

reun (plural reuns, diminutive reuntjie)

From Dutch ruin (“gelding”) and reu (“male dog”).


bakster

bakster (plural baksters, diminutive bakstertjie)

baksters (plural)
bakstertjie (diminutive)


gyselaar

From Dutch gijzelaar, from Middle Dutch giseler, giselaer, from gisel.


biblioteek

biblioteek (plural biblioteke, diminutive bibliotekie)

biblioteke (plural)
bibliotekie (diminutive)


verdagte

From Dutch verdachte. Equivalent to a substantivisation of verdag.


oomblik

From Dutch ogenblik. Cognate to German Augenblick.

moment, blink of an eye (instant of time)


beskuit

beskuit (plural beskuite or beskuits, diminutive beskuitjie)

beskuite (plural)
beskuits (plural)
beskuitjie (diminutive)


bloeddiamant

From bloed (“blood”) + diamant (“diamant”), calque of English blood diamond.


busbestuurder

From bus (“bus”) + bestuurder (“driver”).


weerlig

weerlig (uncountable, diminutive weerliggie)


weerligstraal

weerligstraal (plural weerligstrale, diminutive weerligstraaltjie)

weerligstrale (plural)
weerligstraaltjie (diminutive)

From weerlig (“lightning”) + straal (“beam, ray”).


hoofstad

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hoofstad (plural hoofstede, diminutive hoofstadjie)

hoofstede (plural)
hoofstadjie (diminutive)

From Dutch hoofdstad, from Middle Dutch hôvetstat. Equivalent to hoof + stad.


provinsie

From Dutch provincie, from Middle Dutch provincie, from Latin prōvincia.


pluimbal

From Dutch pluimbal. Equivalent to pluim + bal.


duikboot

duikboot (plural duikbote, diminutive duikbootjie)

duikbote (plural)
duikbootjie (diminutive)

From Dutch duikboot. Equivalent to duik + boot.


klipdas

klipdas (plural klipdasse, diminutive klipdassie)

klipdasse (plural)
klipdassie (diminutive)


outjie

→ English: outjie, oukie, oke

→ German: Oukie


water

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wed-
Proto-Indo-European *-r̥
Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥
Proto-Germanic *watōr
Proto-West Germanic *watar
Old Dutch watar
Middle Dutch wāter
Dutch water
Afrikaans water
From Dutch water, from Middle Dutch wāter, from Old Dutch watar, from Proto-West Germanic *watar, from Proto-Germanic *watōr, from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥.

etymon

any body of water, such as a river or a lake

a disease where water is accumulated; hydrops

(in the plural) a large quantity of water; inundation


doring

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doring (plural dorings, diminutive dorinkie)

From Dutch doorn, from Middle Dutch dorn, dōorn, from Old Dutch thorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnuz.


doringboom

doringboom (plural doringbome, diminutive doringboompie)

doringbome (plural)
doringboompie (diminutive)

From Dutch doornboom. Equivalent to doring + boom.


soetdoring

sweet thorn (Vachellia karroo, formerly Acacia karroo)


kierie

→ English: kierie

A walking stick, a cane, either of a European type or of a type traditionally used by certain South African indigenous peoples, usable as a club.


muishond

muishond (plural muishonde, diminutive muishondjie)

muishonde (plural)
muishondjie (diminutive)

→ English: muishond

From Dutch muishond (“weasel; cat”), from Middle Dutch muushont. Equivalent to muis + hond.

mongoose, carnivore of the family Herpestidae.

African striped weasel, muishond, Poecilogale albinucha.

striped polecat, African polecat, Ictonyx striatus.


bergwind

bergwind (plural bergwinde, diminutive bergwindjie)

bergwinde (plural)
bergwindjie (diminutive)

→ English: bergwind

From Dutch bergwind. Equivalent to berg + wind.


spanspek

spanspek (plural spanspekke, diminutive spanspekkie)

spanspekke (plural)
spanspekkie (diminutive)

→ English: spanspek

Ultimately from Spaanse spek (“Spanish bacon”).


plaas

→ English: plaas

→ Northern Ndebele: ipulazi

→ Shona: purazi

→ Sotho: polasi

→ Xhosa: ipulazi

→ Zulu: ipulazi

From Dutch plaats, from Middle Dutch plāetse, from Old French place.

farm; a piece of land, usually used for farming


skyf

From Dutch schijf, from Middle Dutch skive.


boep

Clipping of boepens, from Dutch boekpens (“omasum”), named after the laminae (leafets) in the omasum.


stukkie

(slang) a girl, especially when one's girlfriend or considered as a sex object; a piece of ass


kokosneut

From Dutch kokosnoot. Eq. to kokos + neut.


wildebees

→ Dutch: wildebeest

→ English: wildebeest

→ Japanese: ウィルドビースト (wirudobīsuto)


Swazilander

Swazilander (plural Swazilanders, diminutive Swazilandertjie)

Swazilanders (plural)
Swazilandertjie (diminutive)

Swazi, Swazilander (person from Eswatini)


vonkelwyn

vonkelwyn (plural vonkelwyne, diminutive vonkelwyntjie)

vonkelwyne (plural)
vonkelwyntjie (diminutive)

→ Dutch: vonkelwijn

From vonkel (“sparkling”) + wyn (“wine”), possibly a loan translation of English sparkling wine.


grofgrein

From Dutch grofgrein (“grosgrain”), a compound of grof (“rough, coarse”) + grein (“grain”).


vragmotor

From vrag (“freight, cargo”) + motor (“car, automobile”).


nagmerrie

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nagmerrie (plural nagmerries, diminutive nagmerrietjie)

nagmerries (plural)
nagmerrietjie (diminutive)

From Dutch nachtmerrie, from Middle Dutch nachtmerie.

(figuratively) a bad or terrifying situation


pannekoek

From Dutch pannekoek (superseded spelling of pannenkoek), from Middle Dutch pannecoeke.

inh

superseded spelling of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">pannenkoek</i>


woef

Ek sal netnou 'n entjie saam met my woewe gaan stap.

I'll go walk my dogs for a bit just now.

Ag! Kyk net die woefie!


prossie

Shortened from prostituut or borrowed from English prossie.


moedertaalspreker

Borrowed from Dutch moedertaalspreker, equivalent to moedertaal + spreker.


nie-moedertaalspreker

Either nie- (“non-”) + moedertaalspreker (“native speaker”), or less likely borrowed from Dutch niet-moedertaalspreker.


poësie

/ˌpʊə̯.əˈsi/

From Dutch poëzie, from Middle French poésie.


speld

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speld (plural spelde, diminutive speldjie)

→ Kwanyama: oshipela

From Dutch speld, from Middle Dutch spelde, from older spelle, from Latin spīnula, diminutive of spīna.


lindeboom

From Dutch lindeboom, from Middle Dutch lindenboom. Equivalent to linde + boom.


laer

From Dutch lager, from German Lager; doublet of leër.


medikus

From Dutch medicus, from Middle Dutch medicus, from Latin medicus.


resep

From Dutch recept, from Middle Dutch recepte, from Old French recepte, from Medieval Latin recepta.


konsep

From Dutch concept, from Middle French concept, from Latin conceptus.


projek

projek (plural projekte, diminutive projekkie)

projekte (plural)
projekkie (diminutive)

From Dutch project, ultimately from Latin prōiectum.


objek

From Dutch object, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French object, from Latin obiectum.


produk

From Dutch product, from Latin prōductum.


manuskrip

From Dutch manuscript, from Medieval Latin manuscrīptum (“writing by hand”), neuter of manuscrīptus.


tuinjong

(often colonial) garden boy (a young male servant who takes care of a garden)


luiperd

From Dutch luipaard, from Middle Dutch lupaert, from Old Dutch *liupard, from Old French leopard, from Late Latin leopardus, from Ancient Greek λεόπαρδος (leópardos).


môre

From Dutch morgen, from Middle Dutch morgen, from Old Dutch morgan, from Proto-Germanic *murganaz, from Proto-Indo-European *merkʷ- (“to blink, twinkle”).


gesig

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gesig (plural gesigte, diminutive gesiggie)

From Dutch gezicht, from Middle Dutch gesicht, from Old Dutch gisiht.


leër

From Dutch leger, from Middle Dutch leger, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *legrą.


onderwyser

onderwyser (plural onderwysers, feminine onderwyseres)

onderwysers (plural)
onderwyseres (feminine)

From Dutch onderwijzer, from Middle Dutch onderwiser. By surface analysis, onderwys + -er.


onrus

From Dutch onrust, from Middle Dutch onruste.


rewolusie

From Dutch revolutie, from French révolution, from Latin revolūtiō.


organisasie

From Dutch organisatie, from French organisation.


harsings

harsings (plurale tantum, diminutive harsinkies)


skerpskutter

From Dutch scherpschutter. Equivalent to skerp + skutter.


skoot

From Dutch schoot, from Middle Dutch schote.


skoot

From Dutch schoot, from Middle Dutch schoot, from Old Dutch *skōt, from Proto-Germanic *skautaz.


eggenote

eggenote (plural eggenotes, masculine eggenoot)


eggenote

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


pluskant

positive side; the better part of something


bydrae

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bydrae (plural bydraes, diminutive bydraetjie)

bydraes (plural)
bydraetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch bijdrage, from German Beitrag.


belastingbetaler

From Dutch belastingbetaler. Equivalent to belasting (“tax”) + betaler (“payer”).


onderwys

From Dutch onderwijs, from Middle Dutch onderwijs.


sertifikaat

From Dutch certificaat, from French certificat.


leser

leser (plural lesers, diminutive lesertjie)

From Dutch lezer, from Middle Dutch lesere. Equivalent to lees + -er.


broederbond

brotherhood (a society of men committed to a specific cause)


broederskap

From Dutch broederschap, from Middle Dutch broederscap. Equivalent to broeder (“brother”) + -skap (“-ship”).

brotherhood (the state of being a brother)


verskoning

verskoning (plural verskonings or verskoninge (dated))

verskonings (plural)
verskoninge (dated plural)

From Dutch verschoning, from Middle Dutch verschoninge.


leier

From Dutch leider. Equivalent to lei + -er.


boereplaas

From Dutch boerenplaats. Equivalent to boer (“farmer”) + -e- + plaas (“farm, place”).


fliek

Toe die fliek verby is en hulle opstaan, voel die plek waar Willem se hand gerus het skielik koud en leeg.

When the flick is over and they stand up, the place where Willem's hand had rested suddenly feels cold and empty.


uitstalling

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uitstalling (plural uitstallings or uitstallinge (dated))

uitstallings (plural)
uitstallinge (dated plural)

From Dutch uitstalling. Equivalent to uitstal + -ing.


mevrou

From Dutch mevrouw, from late Middle Dutch mevrouwe. Literally corresponds to “milady”.


rassisme

From Dutch racisme, from French racisme.


situasie

From Dutch situatie, from Middle Dutch situacie, from Middle French situation, ultimately from Latin situātiō.


tegnologie

From Dutch technologie, from French technologie or English technology, from Ancient Greek τεχνολογία (tekhnología).


leerarea

[…] tale 'n leerarea is waarin die leerder se gevoelens deur middel van letterkunde en kreatiewe skryfopdragte ontwikkel word.
[…] languages are an area of study where the learner's emotions are developed through literature and creative writing assignments.

2009, Acta Academica, volume 41, page 203:

area of learning; specific educational discipline


kontrak

From Dutch contract, from Middle Dutch contract, from Old French contract, from Latin contractum.


kontrakwerker

kontrak (“contract”) + werker (“worker”)


prinsipaal

From Dutch principaal, from Middle Dutch principael, from Old French principal, from Latin prīncipālis. The sense “school principal” derives from English principal.


Suid-Afrikaner

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Suid-Afrikaner (plural Suid-Afrikaners, diminutive Suid-Afrikanertjie)

Suid-Afrikaners (plural)
Suid-Afrikanertjie (diminutive)


reënval

From Dutch regenval. Equivalent to reën + val.


bybel

bybel (plural bybels, diminutive bybeltjie)


elektrisiteit

From Dutch elektriciteit, from English electricity.


reünie

reünie (plural reünies, diminutive reünietjie)

reünies (plural)
reünietjie (diminutive)


besoek

From Dutch bezoek, from Middle Dutch besoec. Equivalent to a deverbal from 1.


gisteraand

From Dutch gisteravond, equivalent to gister (“yesterday”) + aand (“evening”).

Gisteraand was 'n bedrywige aand.


gerug

gerug (plural gerugte, diminutive geruggie)

From Dutch gerucht, from Middle Dutch geruchte.


lemoen

Inherited from Dutch limoen (“lime”), from Middle Dutch limoen, from Middle French limon, from Italian limone, from Arabic لَيْمُون (laymūn) or Ottoman Turkish لیمون, from Persian لیمو.


gebou

gebou (plural geboue, diminutive geboutjie)

From Dutch gebouw, from Middle Dutch gebouwe.


krag

From Dutch kracht, from Middle Dutch cracht, from Old Dutch craft, from Proto-Germanic *kraftuz.


nasie

From Dutch natie, from Middle Dutch nacie, from Old French nacion, from Latin nātiō.


siel

siel (plural siele, diminutive sieltjie)

From Dutch ziel, from Middle Dutch siele, from Old Dutch sēla, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō.


Bybel

Bybel (plural Bybels, diminutive Bybeltjie)

Bible (main religious text of Christianity)


bydraag

[…] sodat almal hul bydraag kan lewer en hul werkkragte saam kan snoer tot opbou van Suid-Afrika.

1948, Unie vs SA 1948:20 (legal decision)

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Indien nie, is dit u plig teenoor uself en u kolegas om u bydraag te lewer deur u stem te verhef oor hierdie saak.

1959, The Automobile in South Africa, page 45:

Die bouery het natuurlik 'n groot bydraag gelewer om die probleem van moontlike ver- veling die hoof te bied.

1981, South West Africa Publications, SWA Jaarboek, page 163:


jaarboek

Either from Dutch jaarboek or formed within Afrikaans as jaar (“year”) + boek (“book”).


eggo

eggo (plural eggo's, diminutive eggo'tjie)


T-hemp

T-hemp (plural T-hemde, diminutive T-hempie)


drankoffer

drankoffer (plural drankoffers, diminutive drankoffertjie)

drankoffers (plural)
drankoffertjie (diminutive)

From drank (“drink, beverage, alcoholic beverage”) + offer (“sacrifice”).


skerf

head

skerf (plural skerwe, diminutive skerfie)


vodde

Die mense loop in vodde rond.

The people are walking around dressed in tatters.


bouer

bouer (plural bouers, diminutive bouertjie)


onvoltooide deelwoord

onvoltooide deelwoord (plural onvoltooide deelwoorde, diminutive onvoltooide deelwoordjie)

onvoltooide deelwoorde (plural)
onvoltooide deelwoordjie (diminutive)

present participle
present participle#English


teenwoordige deelwoord

teenwoordige deelwoord (plural teenwoordige deelwoorde, diminutive teenwoordige deelwoordjie)

teenwoordige deelwoorde (plural)
teenwoordige deelwoordjie (diminutive)


verlede deelwoord

verlede deelwoord (plural verlede deelwoorde, diminutive verlede deelwoordjie)

verlede deelwoorde (plural)
verlede deelwoordjie (diminutive)


voltooide deelwoord

voltooide deelwoord (plural voltooide deelwoorde, diminutive voltooide deelwoordjie)

voltooide deelwoorde (plural)
voltooide deelwoordjie (diminutive)


swaard

swaard (plural swaarde, diminutive swaardjie)


suurstof

From Dutch zuurstof (which see), from French oxygène.


swawel

From Dutch zwavel, from Middle Dutch swavel, swevel, from Old Dutch *sweval, from Proto-Germanic *sweblaz.


silwer

From Dutch zilver, from Old Dutch *silvar, from Proto-Germanic *silubrą.


rolprent

rolprent (plural rolprente, diminutive rolprentjie)

rolprente (plural)
rolprentjie (diminutive)

From rol (“role, roll; to roll”) + prent (“image, picture”).


swael

head

swael (plural swaels, diminutive swaeltjie)

With loss of intervocalic -v- (as in bly, gee) from Hollandic Dutch zwavel (“swallow”), itself with metathesis from dialectal zwalf (standard zwaluw), from Middle Dutch swalwe, from Old Dutch *swalwa, from Proto-Germanic *swalwǭ.


swael

With loss of intervocalic -v- from Dutch zwavel (“sulfur”). See the main entry for more.


agthoek

(geometry) Alternative spelling of aghoek


kreef

kreef (plural krewe or kreefte, diminutive krefie)

krewe (plural)
kreefte (plural)
krefie (diminutive)

From Dutch kreeft, from Middle Dutch creeft, from Old Dutch *krevit, from Proto-Germanic *krabitaz.

(astrology) a Cancer; someone born with the star sign Cancer


leeuwelp

From the haplology of the now-obsolete spelling and pronunciation of Dutch leeuwewelp (“lion cub”), equivalent to contemporary Dutch leeuwenwelp (“lion cub”).


skerpioen

(astrology) Scorpio; someone with the star sign Scorpio


boogskutter

boogskutter (plural boogskutters, diminutive boogskuttertjie)

boogskutters (plural)
boogskuttertjie (diminutive)

/ˈbʊə̯χˌskœ.tər/

From Dutch boogschutter, equivalent to boogskut (“archery”) + -er.

archer; someone who shoots an arrow from a bow

a soldier who fights with a bow and arrow


waterdraer

waterdraer (plural waterdraers, diminutive waterdraertjie)

waterdraers (plural)
waterdraertjie (diminutive)

(astrology) Aquarius; someone with the star sign Aquarius


weegskaal

weegskaal (plural weegskale, diminutive weegskaaltjie)

weegskale (plural)
weegskaaltjie (diminutive)

(astrology) Libra; someone with the star sign Libra


pêre

(colloquial, informal, rare) plural of perd


hoerboer

hoerboer (plural hoerboere, diminutive hoerboertjie)

hoerboere (plural)
hoerboertjie (diminutive)

From hoer (“whore, prostitute”) + boer (“farmer”).


skaaldier

head

skaaldier (plural skaaldiere, diminutive skaaldiertjie)

skaaldiere (plural)
skaaldiertjie (diminutive)

crustacean; an invertebrate class of shelled animals


krustasee

krustasee (plural krustaseë, diminutive krustaseetjie)

krustaseë (plural)
krustaseetjie (diminutive)


spinnekop

spinnekop (plural spinnekoppe, diminutive spinnekoppie)

spinnekoppe (plural)
spinnekoppie (diminutive)

spider; predatory anthropod from the order Araneae


aragnied

arachnid; any of the eight-legged creatures of the class Arachnida


knopiespinnekop

knopiespinnekop (plural knopiespinnekoppe, diminutive knopiespinnekoppie)

knopiespinnekoppe (plural)
knopiespinnekoppie (diminutive)


langbeenspinnekop

langbeenspinnekop (plural langbeenspinnekoppe, diminutive langbeenspinnekoppie)

langbeenspinnekoppe (plural)
langbeenspinnekoppie (diminutive)

daddy long-legs spider
daddy long-legs spider


bergreeks

bergreeks (plural bergreekse, diminutive bergreeksie)

bergreekse (plural)
bergreeksie (diminutive)

From Dutch bergreeks (“mountain range”).


bergketting

bergketting (plural bergkettings or bergkettinge (dated), diminutive bergkettinkie)

bergkettings (plural)
bergkettinge (dated plural)
bergkettinkie (diminutive)

Compound of berg + ketting. Cf. Dutch bergketen.


mandaryn

mandaryn (plural mandaryne, diminutive mandaryntjie)

mandaryne (plural)
mandaryntjie (diminutive)

(historical) high-ranking Chinese official


doodhuis

doodhuis (plural doodhuise, diminutive doodhuisie)

doodhuise (plural)
doodhuisie (diminutive)

(uncommon) Alternative spelling of dodehuis


lykhuis

lykhuis (plural lykhuise, diminutive lykhuisie)

lykhuise (plural)
lykhuisie (diminutive)

From lyk (“body, corpse”) + huis (“house”).


lykshuis

lykshuis (plural lykshuise, diminutive lykshuisie)

lykshuise (plural)
lykshuisie (diminutive)


doodshuis

doodshuis (plural doodshuise, diminutive doodshuisie)

doodshuise (plural)
doodshuisie (diminutive)


dodehuis

dodehuis (plural dodehuise, diminutive dodehuisie)

dodehuise (plural)
dodehuisie (diminutive)

From dood (“death, dead”) + huis (“house”).


doderyk

From dood (“death, dead”) + ryk (“realm”).

underworld; realm of the dead; place where the dead go to


nagvrees

(uncountable) fear of the night or darkness; nyctophobia


agterplaas

agterplaas (plural agterplase, diminutive agterplasie)

agterplase (plural)
agterplasie (diminutive)


begraafplaas

begraafplaas (plural begraafplase, diminutive begraafplasie)

begraafplase (plural)
begraafplasie (diminutive)

/bəˈχrɑːfˌplɑːs/


begrafplaas

begrafplaas (plural begrafplase, diminutive begrafplasie)

begrafplase (plural)
begrafplasie (diminutive)

(colloquial) Alternative form of begraafplaas


antiheld

antiheld (plural antihelde, feminine antiheldin)

antihelde (plural)
antiheldin (feminine)


sitplek

sitplek (plural sitplekke, diminutive sitplekkie)

sitplekke (plural)
sitplekkie (diminutive)


bliksemstraal

bliksemstraal (plural bliksemstrale, diminutive bliksemstraaltjie)

bliksemstrale (plural)
bliksemstraaltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch bliksemstraal. Equivalent to bliksem (“lightning”) + straal (“beam, ray”).


gistraand

(colloquial) Alternative form of gisteraand


laas nag

(colloquial) Alternative form of laasnag


eergister

Jersey Dutch: êr-xjäster

day before yesterday
day before yesterday#English


vlugbal

head

vlugbal (plural vlugballe, diminutive vlugballetjie)

vlugballe (plural)
vlugballetjie (diminutive)

volleyball; an inflated ball used for the sport


vlugbalbaan

vlugbalbaan (plural vlugbalbane, diminutive vlugbalbaantjie)

vlugbalbane (plural)
vlugbalbaantjie (diminutive)

volleyball court; rectangular court on which volleyball is played


vlugteling

/ˈflœχtələŋ/


vlugtelingkamp

vlugtelingkamp (plural vlugtelingkampe, diminutive vlugtelingkampie)

vlugtelingkampe (plural)
vlugtelingkampie (diminutive)

From Dutch vluchtelingenkamp, from English refugee camp, equivalent to vlugteling (“refugee”) + kamp (“camp”).


boogskiet

From Dutch boogschieten, equivalent to boog (“bow”) + skiet (“shoot”).