salamander

From Dutch salamander, from Middle Dutch salamander, from Latin salamandra, from Ancient Greek σαλαμάνδρα (salamándra).

salamander, amphibian of the order Caudata


sending

From Dutch zending, from Middle Dutch sendinge. Equivalent to send + -ing.


Afganistan

Alternative spelling of Afghanistan: Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


danser

From Dutch danser, from Middle Dutch danser. Equivalent to dans + -er.


rond

af-adj

rond (attributive ronde, comparative ronder, superlative rondste)

ronde (attributive)
ronder (comparative)
rondste (superlative)

From Dutch rond, from Middle Dutch ront, from Old French reont, from Latin rotundus.

round (circular, cylindrical or spherical)


diamant

head

diamant (plural diamante, diminutive diamantjie)

diamante (plural)
diamantjie (diminutive)

From Dutch diamant, from Middle Dutch diamant, from Old French diamant, from Late Latin diamas. Doublet of daaiman.


vader

From Dutch vader, from Middle Dutch vader, from Old Dutch fadar, from Proto-Germanic *fadēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

Lukas is jou vader.


Montenegro

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Afrikaner

→ English: Afrikaner

→ Portuguese: africâner


tel

af-verb

tel (present tel, present participle telende, past participle tellende)

tel (present)
telende (participle present)
tellende (participle past)

From Dutch tellen, from Middle Dutch tellen, from Old Dutch tellen, from Proto-Germanic *taljaną.


Est

Estonian (person from Estonia or of Estonian descent)


Fin

head

Fin (plural Finne, diminutive Finnetjie)

Finn (person from Finland or of Finnish descent)


Karoo

The vast plain in South Africa that borders the Kalahari Desert.


KI

kunsmatige intelligensie
kunsmatige intelligensie#Afrikaans


Amerika

America (the continents of North America and South America)

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


Ora

From toponym Orania (“a town in South Africa”), from Oranje (“a river in South Africa”). Influenced by Latin aurum (“gold”).

The local currency of Orania, an Afrikaner enclave in South Africa.


Kuba

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Pools

af-adj

Pools (attributive Poolse, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Pools, equivalent to Pool + -s.

Polish (of, from, or pertaining to Poland, the Polish people or the Polish language)


Pool

Pole (person from Poland or of Polish descent)


Rabat

Rabat (the capital city of Morocco, and capital city of the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco)


Turks

Turks (attributive Turkse, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Turks, equivalent to Turk + -s.

Turkish (of, from, or pertaining to Turkey, the Turks or the Turkish language)


Swede

From Dutch Zweden, from Middle Dutch Zweden, Sweden.


nartjie

head

nartjie (plural nartjies, diminutive nartjietjie)

nartjies (plural)
nartjietjie (diminutive)

Perhaps borrowed from Tamil நாரத்தை (nārattai, “citron”).


F

The sixth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


plato

From Dutch plateau or borrowed from English plateau, both from French plateau.


B

The second letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


L

The twelfth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


tafel

→ Kwanyama: oshitafula

→ Phuthi: itafule

→ Sotho: tafole

→ Xhosa: itafile

→ Zulu: itafula

Fanagalo: taful

From Dutch tafel, from Middle Dutch tâfele, from Old Dutch tavala, from Latin tabula (“board”).


D

The fourth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


E

The fifth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


J

The tenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


R

The eighteenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


G

The seventh letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


N

The fourteenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


C

The third letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


P

The sixteenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


H

The eighth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


V

The twenty-second letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Z

The twenty-sixth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Y

The twenty-fifth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


U

The twenty-first letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


W

The twenty-third letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


T

The twentieth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


M

The thirteenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


K

The eleventh letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


S

The nineteenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Q

The seventeenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


jogurt

jogurt (plural jogurts, diminutive jogurtjie)

From Dutch yoghurt, from Turkish yoğurt.


Frans

af-adj

Frans (attributive Franse, not comparable)

French (of, from, or pertaining to France, the French people or the French language)


Frans

French (the language spoken by the French people)


O

The fifteenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


Marokko

Morocco (a country in North Africa; capital: Rabat)


I

The ninth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


kors

From Dutch korst, from Middle Dutch corste, from Latin crusta.


stigting

head

stigting (plural stigtings or stigtinge (dated))

stigtings (plural)
stigtinge (dated plural)

From Dutch stichting. Equivalent to stig + -ing.


fees

Dit was 'n fees om jou te hoor speel.


fees

af-verb

fees (present fees, present participle feestende, past participle gefees)

fees (present)
feestende (participle present)
gefees (participle past)

(uncommon, intransitive) to fete; to partake in a festival or feast


Bagdad

Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)
Baghdad (a governorate of Iraq)


graf

From Dutch graf and graft (see the plural).


dink

dink (present dink, present participle denkende, past dag or dog, past participle gedag or gedog or gedink)

dink (present)
denkende (participle present)
dag (past)
dog (past)
gedag (participle past)
gedog (participle past)
gedink (participle past)

From Dutch dinken, a regional variant of denken.

Ons het gedag dat die behoefte om te pleit om 'n dergelike samewerikng […]

[…] ek het gedag dat met my man se dood dit sal nou tot niet geraak het.

1951, Suid-Afrikaanse Hofverslae, volume 3, page 79:

Hy het gedag/gedog/gedink ek sou eers môre kom.

1993, A Grammar of Afrikaans, Bruce Donaldson, page 223:


ot

Moenie vreet nes 'n otjie in 'n restourant nie!


verlies

From Dutch verlies, from Middle Dutch verlies, from verliesen.


voorbeeld

From Dutch voorbeeld. Equivalent to voor + beeld.


foon

Borrowed from English phone. Equivalent to a clipping of telefoon.

(chiefly in the singular) A telephone, a phone.


nog

From Dutch nog, from Middle Dutch noch, from Old Dutch noch (“until now, still”), from Proto-Germanic *nuh (“still”, literally “now too”), from Proto-Indo-European *nu (“now”) + *-kʷe- (“and, also”).


jok

af-verb

jok (present jok, present participle jokkende, past participle gejok)

jok (present)
jokkende (participle present)
gejok (participle past)

From Dutch jokken. Possibly influenced or reinforced by English joke, but the meaning “to joke” also existed in early modern Dutch.

Jy moenie jok vir jou ouers nie!

(intransitive) to fib, to tell (often irrelevant or inconsequential) lies

Jy moenie jok hier nie, hierdie is 'n ernstige sakedistrik.

You shouldn't joke around here, this is a serious business district.


Belg

Belgian (person from Belgium or of Belgian descent)


grot

head

grot (plural grotte, diminutive grotjie)

From Dutch grot, either directly from Italian grotta or indirectly via French grotte, from Latin crypta, from Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós).

Kuiergaste mag die grot net met 'n gids binnegaan.

Tourists may enter the cave only with a guide.


sok

From Dutch sok, from Middle Dutch socke, from Latin soccus, from Ancient Greek σύκχος (súkkhos).


-heid

From Dutch -heid, from Middle Dutch -heit, from Old Dutch -heid, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz.

-ness, -ity, -hood; forms nouns from adjectives, denoting the abstract quality of the adjective.


boer

boer (plural boere, diminutive boertjie)

→ English: Boer

(chess) A pawn; least valuable piece in chess.


boer

af-verb

boer (present boer, present participle boerende, past participle geboer)

boer (present)
boerende (participle present)
geboer (participle past)

Hy boer daar by haar huis.

To continuously encounter someone at a specific place

Hy't die heel middag by daardie meisie geboer.

He stayed over at that girl['s place] the whole afternoon.

Moenie op 'n vraag boer nie.


Boer

→ English: Boer

From boer or from South African Dutch Boer.

A Boer; an Afrikaner, especially an inhabitant or descendant of the white inhabitants of the Boer republics.


sommer

From Dutch zomaar, with vowel reduction.

Hy sê: Moenie laf wees nie, dit was sommer kanonskote vir koningin Victoria se verjaardag, dis Engeland se skip wat in die hawe lê.

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, page 255:

He said, Don't be silly; that was just cannon shots for Queen Victoria's birthday; that's an English ship there in the harbour.


waar

From Dutch waar, from Middle Dutch waer, from Old Dutch *war, from Proto-Germanic *hwar.


waar

From Dutch waar, from Middle Dutch wâer, from Old Dutch *wār, from Proto-Germanic *wēraz.


plafon

From Dutch plafond, from French plafond.


fundi

From a Nguni language; compare Zulu umfundisi (“teacher”).


kort

af-adj

kort (attributive kort, comparative korter, superlative kortste)

kort (attributive)
korter (comparative)
kortste (superlative)

From Dutch kort, from Middle Dutch cort, from Old Dutch kurt, from Proto-West Germanic *kurt, an early borrowing from Latin curtus.


Kirgistan

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China; capital: Bisjkek)


rug

head

rug (plural rûe or rûens, diminutive ruggie)

rûe (plural)
rûens (plural)
ruggie (diminutive)

(plural chiefly rûe) back (rear of the body)


ryk

af-adj

ryk (attributive ryk, comparative ryker, superlative rykste)

ryk (attributive)
ryker (comparative)
rykste (superlative)


lê

af-verb

lê (present lê, present participle liggende, past participle gelê)

lê (present)
liggende (participle present)
gelê (participle past)

From a merger of Dutch leggen (“to lay”) and liggen (“to lie”). Formally, the forms with -ê- are from leggen, while the alternative present participle is from liggen (as is the lexicalised past participle geleë).

Hy lê op die bed.

(intransitive) to lie (to be in a horizontal position)

Hy lê sy tas op die bed.

(transitive) to lay (to put into a horizontal position)


Ljubljana

Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)


Fidji

Inherited from Dutch Fiji, from Fijian Viti, from Proto-Central Pacific *viti ("east, sunrise").

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania; capital: Suva)


voëlvry

af-adj

voëlvry (attributive voëlvrye, not comparable)


Tsjad

Chad (a country in Central Africa; capital: N'Djamena)


Nederland

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


kaap

Kaap die Goeie Hoop


donga

→ English: donga

→ German: Donga


olifant

From Dutch olifant, from Middle Dutch olifant, from Old French olifant, from Latin elephantus, from Ancient Greek ἐλέφᾱς (eléphās).


Madagaskar

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa; capital: Antananarivo)


België

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Libanon

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; capital: Beiroet)


Luxemburg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Openbaring

(biblical) Revelation; the biblical book, Revelation


gebed

head

gebed (plural gebede, diminutive gebedjie)

From Dutch gebed, from Middle Dutch gebet, from Old Dutch gebet, from Proto-West Germanic *gabed.


sus

From Dutch zus, shortening of zuster. Equivalent to a shortening of suster.


Tokio

Borrowed from Japanese 東(とう)京(きょう) (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”).

ja-r

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital and largest city of Japan)


sku

af-adj

sku (attributive skuwe, comparative skuwer, superlative skuuste)

skuwe (attributive)
skuwer (comparative)
skuuste (superlative)

From Dutch schuw, from Middle Dutch schu.


mantel

head

mantel (plural mantels, diminutive manteltjie)

mantels (plural)
manteltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch mantel, from Middle Dutch mantel, from Latin mantēllum.


Suid-Afrika

From suid (“south”) + Afrika (“Africa”).

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa; capitals: Pretoria, Kaapstad, and Bloemfontein)


sjokolade

/ˌʃʊə̯.kʊə̯ˈlɑː.də/

From Dutch chocolade, from Spanish chocolate, from Nahuatl [Term?], though it is not clear from which word precisely. See chocolate for more.


ek het jou lief

LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-ek het jou lief.wav


Katar

Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; capital: Doha)


nes

Nes jy, is ek klaar met skool.

Jy moet skiet nes hy omdraai.

You must shoot as soon as he turns around.

as soon as; just as something is about to do something


nes

From Dutch nest, from Middle Dutch nest, from Old Dutch nest, from Proto-Germanic *nestaz, from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós.

nest, structure made out of twigs, mud, grass, etc.

nest; a group of animals or insects that live together within a nest

home or house, usually untidy or cluttered


nes

af-verb

nes (present nes, present participle nestende, past participle genes)

nes (present)
nestende (participle present)
genes (participle past)


boks

boks (present boks, present participle boksende, past participle geboks)

boks (present)
boksende (participle present)
geboks (participle past)

to box; to fight with the fists, usually with protective gloves

Kom hier uit voor ek jou boks!

Get out of here before I hurt/punish you!

(colloquial) to strike; to punish; to hurt


foto

head

foto (plural foto's, diminutive foto'tjie)

/ˈfʊə̯.tʊə̯/


Russies

af-adj

Russies (attributive Russiese, not comparable)

Russian (of, from, or pertaining to Russia, the Russian people or the Russian language)


bruin

bruin (attributive bruine, comparative bruiner, superlative bruinste)

bruine (attributive)
bruiner (comparative)
bruinste (superlative)

coloured, of mixed-race and/or Southeast Asian stock


daglig

From Dutch daglicht. Equivalent to dag + lig.


loon

From Dutch loon, from Middle Dutch loon, from Old Dutch lōn.


lat

From Dutch lat, from Middle Dutch latte, from Old Dutch *latta, from Proto-Germanic *lattō, *laþþō.


kop

→ English: kop

From Dutch kop, from Middle Dutch cop, probably from Late Latin cuppa.


Windhoek

From wind (“wind”) + hoek (“corner, angle”).

Windhoek (a city, the capital city of Namibia)


koei

From Dutch koe (back-formed from the plural koeien), from Middle Dutch coe, kuo, from Old Dutch kuo, from Proto-West Germanic *kō.


toepassing

head

toepassing (plural toepassings, diminutive toepassinkie)

toepassings (plural)
toepassinkie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch toepassing, equivalent to toepas + -ing.

application, act of applying knowledge or a skill

purpose, use, the act of applying as a means to an end


poes

→ English: poes

(derogatory, slang) A cunt; douche; a contemptible person.


katipo

katipo (plural katipo's, diminutive katipo'tjie)

katipo's (plural)
katipo'tjie (diminutive)

katipo; a venomous spider endemic to New Zealand


moeras

From Dutch moeras, from an alteration (by assimilation to moer (“moor”)) of Middle Dutch marasch, from Old French mareis (“marsh”).


beeld

From Middle Dutch bēelde, from Old Dutch bilithe, bilithi, from Proto-West Germanic *biliþī (“picture, image”).


portret

head

portret (plural portrette, diminutive portretjie)

portrette (plural)
portretjie (diminutive)

From Dutch portret, from Middle French portrait, from Old French [Term?].


piel

piel (plural piele, diminutive pieletjie)


pels

From Dutch pels, from Middle Dutch pelse, from Latin pellicia.


oorlog

oorlog (plural oorloë, diminutive oorloggie)


eiland

eiland (plural eilande, diminutive eilandjie)

From Dutch eiland, from Middle Dutch eilant, from Old Dutch *eilant, from Old Frisian eiland, from Proto-Germanic *awjōlandą.


aanbod

aanbod (plural aandbiedinge or aandbiedings, diminutive aanbiedinkie)

aandbiedinge (plural)
aandbiedings (plural)
aanbiedinkie (diminutive)


mas

From Dutch mast, from Middle Dutch mast, from Old Dutch *mast, from Proto-Germanic *mastaz.

mast (pole on a ship, for holding sails)


edik

edik (plural edikte, diminutive ediktjie)


eik

From Dutch eik, from Middle Dutch eike, from Old Dutch *eik, from Proto-Germanic *aiks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”).

oak tree, any tree of the genus Quercus.


tante

tante (plural tantes, diminutive tannie or tantetjie)

tantes (plural)
tannie (diminutive)
tantetjie (diminutive)


koffie

koffie (plural koffies, diminutive koffietje)

→ Xhosa: ikofu

→ Tswana: kôšwi

Inherited from Dutch koffie, from Italian caffè, from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve) (Turkish kahve), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee”).


vertaling

vertaling (plural vertalings or vertalinge (dated))

vertalings (plural)
vertalinge (dated plural)

From Dutch vertaling. Equivalent to vertaal + -ing.


skuld

→ Sotho: sekoloto

→ Tswana: sekoloto

→ Zulu: isikweletu

From Dutch schuld, from Middle Dutch schult, from Old Dutch *skult, from Proto-Germanic *skuldiz.


skuld

af-verb

skuld (present skuld, present participle skuldende, past participle geskuld)

skuld (present)
skuldende (participle present)
geskuld (participle past)

(transitive, ditransitive) to owe, to be indebted to


jammer

From Dutch jammer, from Middle Dutch jammer, from Old Dutch iamer, from Proto-Germanic *jēmaraz (“miserable, sorrowful”).


jammer

af-adj

jammer (attributive jammer, not comparable)


ensiklopedie

From Dutch encyclopedie, from French encyclopédie, from Middle French [Term?], from New Latin encyclopaedīa, from a univerbated form of Koine Greek ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ (enkúklios paideíā, “education in the circle of arts and sciences”), from ἐγκύκλιος (enkúklios, “circular”) + παιδείᾱ (paideíā, “child-rearing, education”).

der

ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ


bak

af-verb

bak (present bak, present participle bakkende, past participle gebak)

bak (present)
bakkende (participle present)
gebak (participle past)

From Dutch bakken, from Middle Dutch backen.


anker

head

anker (plural ankers, diminutive ankertjie)

From Dutch anker, from Middle Dutch anker, from Old Dutch *anker, from Latin anchora.


anker

af-verb

anker (present anker, present participle ankerende, past participle geanker)

anker (present)
ankerende (participle present)
geanker (participle past)


kendo

Borrowed from Japanese 剣道 (kendō, “the way of the sword”), from Middle Chinese 劍 (kjæ̀m, “sword”) + 道 (dáu, “way”).


ding

From Dutch ding, from Old Dutch thinc, from Proto-Germanic *þingą.

Dinge raak warm, warm.

2016, “Dinge Raak Warm”, in Sal Jy Met My Dans?, performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa:


kool

From Dutch kool, from Middle Dutch col, cole, from Old Dutch *kōl, *kōla, from Latin caulis.


kool

From Dutch kool, from Middle Dutch cole, from Old Dutch *kol, *kolo, from Proto-Germanic *kulą, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷol-, from *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”).


mening

From Dutch mening, from Middle Dutch mêninge. Equivalent to meen (“to mean, to suppose”) + -ing (“-ion”).


hongersnood

/ˈɦɔ.ŋərsˌnʊə̯t/

From Dutch hongersnood. Equivalent to honger (“hunger”) + -s- + nood (“emergency”).


verdwyn

af-verb

verdwyn (present verdwyn, present participle verdwynende, past participle verdwyn)

verdwyn (present)
verdwynende (participle present)
verdwyn (participle past)


aalmoes

head

aalmoes (plural aalmoese, diminutive aalmoesie)

aalmoese (plural)
aalmoesie (diminutive)

From Dutch aalmoes, from Middle Dutch aelmoesene, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *alimosina, from Vulgar Latin *alemosyna, from Latin eleēmosyna, from Ancient Greek ἐλεημοσύνη (eleēmosúnē).


ver-

From Dutch ver-, a merger of two Middle Dutch prefixes:
* Middle Dutch er-, an unstressed variant of or- (modern oor- from Dutch oor-, not from Dutch over), from Old Dutch ur-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
* Middle Dutch ver-, from Old Dutch fir-, itself from a merger of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *furi-, *fra- and other similar particles.

to do or to become what the stem (following this prefix) refers to

used to indicate that the action (referred to by the stem) has a negative connotation (for the direct object of the stem)

to move or change in the manner specified by the stem


maar

From Dutch maar, from Middle Dutch maer.

As ek maar [net] die dag kon af kry.

Werk is maar [bietjie] vervelig.

Ek gaan bietjie laat wees, so hou maar [asseblief] my kos warm.

I'll be a bit late, so please keep my food warm.

Sit maar [gerus].

Sy lyk maar [taamlik] siek.

Julle het julle tyd gevat, toe begin ons maar [solank] sonder julle.

You guys were taking your time, so we started without you so long.

Dit gaan maar [steeds] sleg.


maar

Dis 'n groot maar, behalwe as ons voldoende voorberei.

It's a big but, except if we prepare adequately.


aak

barge (type of ship that sails on rivers)


skeef

af-adj

skeef (attributive skewe, comparative skewer, superlative skeefste)

skewe (attributive)
skewer (comparative)
skeefste (superlative)

Hierdie lyn is skeef geteken.


belofte

From Dutch belofte, from Middle Dutch belofte.


deksel

head

deksel (plural deksels, diminutive dekseltjie)

deksels (plural)
dekseltjie (diminutive)

→ Yeyi: ìdékìsèrè

From Dutch deksel. Equivalent to dek + -sel.


antwoord

From Dutch antwoord (noun) and antwoorden (verb).


antwoord

af-verb

antwoord (present antwoord, present participle antwoordende, past participle geantwoord)

antwoord (present)
antwoordende (participle present)
geantwoord (participle past)


woord

From Dutch woord, from Middle Dutch wort, from Old Dutch wort, from Proto-West Germanic *word, from Proto-Germanic *wurdą, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰh₁om.


wolk

From Dutch wolk, from Middle Dutch wolke, from Old Dutch wulko, from Proto-Germanic *wulkô.


broer

head

broer (plural broers, diminutive broertjie)

From Dutch broer, alternative form of broeder. Doublet of pêl.


groente

From Dutch groente. Equivalent to groen + -te.


buurman

buurman (plural buurmanne, feminine buurvrou)

From Dutch buurman. Compound of buur + man.


bodem

bodem (plural bodems, diminutive bodempie)

From Dutch bodem, from Middle Dutch bodem, from Old Dutch *bodom, from Proto-Germanic *butmaz.


doos

→ English: doos

From Dutch doos (“box, vagina, stupid female”), from Middle Dutch dose.

inh

(derogatory, slang) idiot, stupid person


gevaar

Hulle was in groot gevaar.


honger

From Dutch honger, from Middle Dutch honger, from Old Dutch hunger, from Proto-Germanic *hungruz.


honger

af-adj

honger (attributive honger, not comparable)


honger

af-verb

honger (present honger, present participle hongerende, past participle gehonger)

honger (present)
hongerende (participle present)
gehonger (participle past)

From Dutch hongeren (“to (suffer) hunger; to desire strongly”), from Middle Dutch hongeren, from Old Dutch hungeren.

inh

(intransitive, figurative) to desire strongly, to hunger [with na ‘for/after’]


maand

From Dutch maand, from Middle Dutch mâent, from Old Dutch *mānoth, from Proto-Germanic *mēnōþs, from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”).


hemel

From Dutch hemel (“heaven”), from Middle Dutch hēmel, from Old Dutch himil, himel, from Proto-West Germanic *himil.


geboorte

/χəˈbʊə̯r.tə/

From Dutch geboorte, from Middle Dutch geboorte.


einde

head

einde (plural eindes, diminutive eindjie)

From Dutch einde, from Middle Dutch ende, einde, from Old Dutch endi, einde, from Proto-Germanic *andijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entíos.


kantoor

From Dutch kantoor, from Middle Dutch cantoor, from Old French comtoir.


koningin

koningin (plural koninginne, diminutive koninginnetjie, masculine koning)

koninginne (plural)
koninginnetjie (diminutive)
koning (masculine)

From Dutch koningin, from Middle Dutch coninginne, from Old Dutch kuninginna. Equivalent to koning (“king”) + -in (“suffix indicating femininity”).


geluk

From Dutch geluk, from Middle Dutch geluc, further origin unknown. Found only in West Germanic (as a word of native origin). Compare English luck, West Frisian gelok, German Glück, Yiddish גליק (glik), Norwegian Nynorsk lukke, Swedish lycka, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål lykke.


maag

head

maag (plural mae or mage, diminutive magie)

mae (plural)
mage (plural)
magie (diminutive)

From Dutch maag, from Middle Dutch māge, from Old Dutch *mago, from Proto-Germanic *magô.


gebruik

From Dutch gebruik (noun) and gebruiken (verb).


gebruik

af-verb

gebruik (present gebruik, present participle gebruikende, past participle gebruik)

gebruik (present)
gebruikende (participle present)
gebruik (participle past)


vroeg

af-adj

vroeg (attributive vroeë, comparative vroeër, superlative vroegste)

vroeë (attributive)
vroeër (comparative)
vroegste (superlative)


slaapkamer

From Dutch slaapkamer, from Middle Dutch slaepcamere. Equivalent to slaap + kamer.


kasteel

head

kasteel (plural kastele, diminutive kasteeltjie)

kastele (plural)
kasteeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch kasteel, from Middle Dutch castēel, from Old Northern French castel, from Latin castellum.


jaar

From Dutch jaar, from Middle Dutch jâer, from Old Dutch jār, from Proto-Germanic *jērą, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁-.


geliefde

Ruis die stem van ons geliefde.

1921, “Die Stem van Suid-Afrika”, C.J. Langenhoven (lyrics), M.L. de Villiers (music), South Africa:


liefde

From Dutch liefde, from Middle Dutch lievede.


droog

af-adj

droog (attributive droë, comparative droër, superlative droogste)

droë (attributive)
droër (comparative)
droogste (superlative)

From Dutch droog, from Middle Dutch drôge, from Old Dutch *drōgi, from Proto-Germanic *draugiz.

Julle moet eers droë klere aantrek, voordat jul na buite gaan.

You must first put on dry clothes before you go outside.


droog

af-verb

droog (present droog, present participle drogende, past participle gedroog)

droog (present)
drogende (participle present)
gedroog (participle past)

From Dutch drogen, from Middle Dutch drôgen, from etymology 1.


stilte

From Dutch stilte. Equivalent to stil + -te.


groep

head

groep (plural groepe, diminutive groepie)

From Dutch groep, possibly via French gruppo, from Italian gruppo.


hoek

From Dutch hoek, from Middle Dutch hoec, huoc, from Old Dutch *huok, from Proto-West Germanic *hōk, from Proto-Germanic *hōkaz (“hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *kog-, *keg-, *keng- (“peg, hook, claw”).


telefoon

/ˌtɪə̯.ləˈfʊə̯n/

/ˌtɛ.ləˈfʊə̯n/

From Dutch telefoon, from French téléphone.


traan

traan (plural trane, diminutive traantjie)

From Dutch traan, from Middle Dutch trâen, from Old Dutch trān, from Proto-Germanic *trahnuz.


diep

af-adj

diep (attributive diep, comparative dieper, superlative diepste)

diep (attributive)
dieper (comparative)
diepste (superlative)

From Dutch diep, from Middle Dutch diep, from Old Dutch *diop, from Proto-Germanic *deupaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb-.


grens

From Dutch grens, from Middle Low German grense, grenitse and/or German Grenze, both ultimately from Old Polish granica, from Proto-Slavic *granica.


grens

af-verb

grens (present grens, present participle grensende, past participle gegrens)

grens (present)
grensende (participle present)
gegrens (participle past)


naald

head

naald (plural naalde, diminutive naaldjie)

→ Xhosa: inaliti

→ Zulu: inalithi

Fanagalo: nalit

From Dutch naald, from Middle Dutch naelde, from Old Dutch nālda, from a metathesis of earlier *nādla, from Proto-Germanic *nēþlō.


donker

af-adj

donker (attributive donker, comparative donkerder, superlative donkerste)

donker (attributive)
donkerder (comparative)
donkerste (superlative)

From Dutch donker, from Middle Dutch donker, dunker, from Old Dutch *dunkal, from Proto-Germanic *dunkalaz, *dunkaraz.


donker

(with definite article) darkness, the dark


brug

From Dutch brug, from Middle Dutch brugge, from Old Dutch *brugga, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.

bridge, a structure used to cross a gap or a body of water


draad

head

draad (plural drade, diminutive draadjie)

From Dutch draad, from Middle Dutch drâet, from Old Dutch *thrād, from Proto-Germanic *þrēduz.


eenheid

From Dutch eenheid. By surface analysis, een + -heid.


geur

From Dutch geur, from Middle Dutch gore.


geur

af-verb

geur (present geur, present participle geurende, past participle gegeur)

geur (present)
geurende (participle present)
gegeur (participle past)

From Dutch geuren, from Middle Dutch goren.

(intransitive) to have a smell, to smell


eerste

af-adj

eerste (attributive eerste, not comparable)


vlieg

head

vlieg (plural vlieë, diminutive vliegie)


vlieg

af-verb

vlieg (present vlieg, present participle vlieënde, past participle gevlieg)

vlieg (present)
vlieënde (participle present)
gevlieg (participle past)


probleem

head

probleem (plural probleme, diminutive probleempie)

probleme (plural)
probleempie (diminutive)

From Dutch probleem, from Latin problēma, from Ancient Greek πρόβλημα (próblēma).


gif

gif (plural giwwe or gifte, diminutive giffie)

giwwe (plural)
gifte (plural)
giffie (diminutive)

From Dutch gif, from earlier gift, from Middle Dutch gift, earlier also gicht. From Old Dutch *gift, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.


gif

From Dutch gift, from Middle Dutch gift, earlier also gicht. From Old Dutch *gift, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz. Same etymology as above, but the two variants gradually acquired different meanings in modern Dutch.


persoon

From Dutch persoon, from Middle Dutch persone, ultimately from Latin persōna.


vuur

From Dutch vuur, from Middle Dutch vuur, from Old Dutch fuir, from Proto-West Germanic *fuir, from Proto-Germanic *fōr, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥.


vuur

af-verb

vuur (present vuur, present participle vuurende, past participle gevuur)

vuur (present)
vuurende (participle present)
gevuur (participle past)

From Dutch vuren, from Middle Dutch vuren (“to set on fire”), from Old Dutch *fiuron.


noot

From Dutch noot, from Middle Dutch note, from Old French note, from Latin nota.


vraag

From Dutch vraag, from Middle Dutch vrage.


kans

From Dutch kans, from Middle Dutch canse, from Old Northern French cance, from Vulgar Latin *cadentia, from cadō (“to fall”), referring to the falling of dice.


sleutel

head

sleutel (plural sleutels, diminutive sleuteltjie)

sleutels (plural)
sleuteltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch sleutel, from Middle Dutch slōtel, sluetel, from Old Dutch *slutil, from Proto-West Germanic *slutil.

key (tool for locking and unlocking; something that unlocks)


derde

af-adj

derde (attributive derde, not comparable)


maan

From Dutch maan, from Middle Dutch mâne, from Old Dutch *māno, from Proto-West Germanic *mānō, from Proto-Germanic *mēnô, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s.


goud

From Dutch goud, from Middle Dutch gout, from Old Dutch golt, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą.


goud

goud (attributive goue, comparative gouer, superlative goudste)

goue (attributive)
gouer (comparative)
goudste (superlative)


verjaardag

head

verjaardag (plural verjaardae, diminutive verjaardaggie)

verjaardae (plural)
verjaardaggie (diminutive)

From Dutch verjaardag. Equivalent to verjaar + dag.


broek

broek (plural broeke, diminutive broekie)

→ Chichewa: buluku

→ English: broekies

→ Fanagalo: bluk

→ Fwe: bù-rúkwè (via Lozi)

→ Kalanga: burukwi

→ Ndau: buruku (via an intermediary language)

→ Nsenga: buluku (via an intermediary language)

→ Shona: bhurukwa

→ Swazi: emabhulukwe

→ Tswana: borokgo

→ Tumbuka: buluku (via an intermediary language)

→ Xhosa: ibhulukhwe

→ Yao: buluku (via an intermediary language)

→ Zulu: ibhulukwe

From Dutch broek, from Middle Dutch broec, from Old Dutch *bruoc, from Proto-West Germanic *brōk.


verhaal

From Dutch verhaal, from Middle Dutch verhael.


genoeg

Dis genoeg!


moeder

From Dutch moeder, from Middle Dutch moeder, from Old Dutch muoder, from Proto-Germanic *mōdēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.


Kosovo

Kosovo (A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


dagga

→ Dutch: dagga

→ English: dagga

→ German: Dagga


druk

af-verb

druk (present druk, present participle drukkende, past participle gedruk)

druk (present)
drukkende (participle present)
gedruk (participle past)


druk

af-adj

druk (attributive drukke, comparative drukker, superlative drukste)

drukke (attributive)
drukker (comparative)
drukste (superlative)


druk

head

druk (plural drukke, diminutive drukkie)


olie

From Dutch olie, from Middle Dutch ōlie, from Old Dutch olig, from Latin oleum, from Ancient Greek ἔλαιον (élaion).


verf

From Dutch verf, from Middle Dutch varwe, verwe, from Old Dutch *farwa, from Proto-Germanic *farwō.


verf

af-verb

verf (present verf, present participle verwende, past participle geverf)

verf (present)
verwende (participle present)
geverf (participle past)

From Dutch verven, from Middle Dutch varwen, verwen.


veilig

af-adj

veilig (attributive veilige, comparative veiliger, superlative veiligste)

veilige (attributive)
veiliger (comparative)
veiligste (superlative)

From Dutch veilig, from Middle Dutch veilich, from Proto-Germanic *failijaz (“true, familiar, good”).


koning

head

koning (plural konings or koninge (dated), diminutive koninkie, feminine koningin)

konings (plural)
koninge (dated plural)
koninkie (diminutive)
koningin (feminine)

From Dutch koning, from Middle Dutch cōninc, from Old Dutch cuninc, from Proto-West Germanic *kuning, from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz.


wanneer

From Dutch wanneer, from Middle Dutch wanneer, wan eer, from Old Dutch *wan ēr.


vinger

From Dutch vinger, from Middle Dutch vinger, from Old Dutch finger, from Proto-West Germanic *fingr, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz.


meneer

From Dutch meneer, from earlier mijnheer, from Middle Dutch mijnhere. Equivalent to my (“my”) + heer (“lord”). Literally corresponds to "milord".


beker

beker (plural bekers, diminutive bekertjie)

From Dutch beker, from Middle Dutch beker, from Latin bicarium.


werk

From Dutch werk, from Old Dutch *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom.


werk

af-verb

werk (present werk, present participle werkende, past participle gewerk)

werk (present)
werkende (participle present)
gewerk (participle past)

From Dutch werken, from Middle Dutch werken, from Old Dutch wirken, wirkon (“to work, make”), from Proto-Germanic *wirkijaną (“to work, make”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-, *wreǵ- (“to work, act”).


vriend

head

vriend (plural vriende, feminine vriendin)

From Dutch vriend, from Middle Dutch vrient, from Old Dutch friunt, from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz.


oranje

af-adj

oranje (attributive oranje, comparative oranjier, superlative oranjeste)

oranje (attributive)
oranjier (comparative)
oranjeste (superlative)

From Dutch oranje, from Middle Dutch arance, orange, from Old French orenge, arange, from Latin arancia, from Old Spanish naranja, from Arabic نَارَنْج (nāranj), from Classical Persian نارنگ (nārang), from Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga), from Dravidian.


tand

From Dutch tand, from Middle Dutch tant, from Old Dutch *tand, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts.


grond

head

grond (plural gronde, diminutive grondjie)

From Dutch grond, from Middle Dutch gront, from Old Dutch grunt, from Proto-Germanic *grunduz.


vorm

From Dutch vorm, from Middle Dutch vorme, from Old French forme, from Latin forma.

A form, a document or template to be filled in by a user.


vorm

af-verb

vorm (present vorm, present participle vormende, past participle gevorm)

vorm (present)
vormende (participle present)
gevorm (participle past)

From Dutch vormen, from Middle Dutch vormen.


stof

head

stof (plural stowwe, diminutive stoffie)

From Dutch stof, from Middle Dutch stoffe, from Old French estophe, estoffe, from estoffer, from Old High German stoffōn, from Proto-West Germanic *stuppōn (“to cram, plug, stuff”).


stof

From Dutch stof, from Middle Dutch stof, from Old Dutch *stof, from Proto-Germanic *stubą.


dak

From Dutch dak, from Old Dutch *thak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-.


helder

af-adj

helder (attributive helder, comparative helderder, superlative helderste)

helder (attributive)
helderder (comparative)
helderste (superlative)


leeg

leeg (attributive leë, comparative leër, superlative leegste)

leë (attributive)
leër (comparative)
leegste (superlative)


natuur

From Dutch natuur, from Middle Dutch nature, from Old French nature, from Latin nātūra.


goed

goed (attributive goeie, comparative beter, superlative beste)

goeie (attributive)
beter (comparative)
beste (superlative)

From Dutch goed, from Middle Dutch goet, from Old Dutch guot, from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz.


rivier

head

rivier (plural riviere, diminutive riviertjie)

riviere (plural)
riviertjie (diminutive)

In jou hart se droë riviere
 Het jou liefde opgedroog.
 En vergeet jy al die ure,
 Die gety in my bly hoog.

2017, “Droë riviere”performed by Liezel Pieters:

In the dry rivers of your heart
 Your love has dried up.
 And though you may be forgetting those hours,
 The tide in me stays high.


welkom

From Dutch welkom, from Proto-Germanic *weljakwumô.


vreemd

af-adj

vreemd (attributive vreemde, comparative vreemder, superlative vreemdste)

vreemde (attributive)
vreemder (comparative)
vreemdste (superlative)

From Dutch vreemd, from Middle Dutch vremt, vreemt, from Old Dutch fremithi, from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”), from Proto-Indo-European *perəm-, *prom- (“forth, forward”), from *por- (“forward, through”).


vierkant

head

vierkant (plural vierkante, diminutive vierkantjie)

vierkante (plural)
vierkantjie (diminutive)

quadrant; a square shaped clearing used for assembly in South African schools


tweede

af-adj

tweede (attributive tweede, not comparable)


laag

laag (attributive lae, comparative laer, superlative laagste)

lae (attributive)
laer (comparative)
laagste (superlative)


beter

From Dutch beter, from Middle Dutch beter, from Old Dutch betiro, from Proto-Germanic *batizô. The verb sense is a calque from English better, had better.


beter

Jy beter versigtig wees.

had better (used as an auxiliary verb to mean should; must)


klaar

klaar (attributive klare, comparative klaarder, superlative klaarste)

klare (attributive)
klaarder (comparative)
klaarste (superlative)

From Dutch klaar (“ready; finished; clear”), from Middle Dutch clâer (“bright, shining, ready, finished”), from Latin clārus (“bright”).


vloer

head

vloer (plural vloere, diminutive vloertjie)

From Dutch vloer, from Middle Dutch vloer, from Old Dutch *fluor, from Proto-Germanic *flōraz.


geel

af-adj

geel (attributive geel, comparative geler, superlative geelste)

geel (attributive)
geler (comparative)
geelste (superlative)


geen

From Dutch geen, from Middle Dutch negeen.


gewoon

gewoon (attributive gewoon, comparative gewooner, superlative gewoonste)

gewoon (attributive)
gewooner (comparative)
gewoonste (superlative)


laat

af-verb

laat (present laat, present participle latende, past participle gelaat)

laat (present)
latende (participle present)
gelaat (participle past)

From Dutch laten, from Middle Dutch laten, from Old Dutch lātan, from Proto-Germanic *lētaną.

Hy laat die bote vir die kus versamel.

(auxiliary, with object) to cause to, to make; forms a causative phrase.

Laat ons dagga rook.
Let′s smoke weed.

(auxiliary, with (usually first-person) object) to let; forms a cohortative phrase.

Laat daar lig wees.

(auxiliary, with object) to may, to let; forms a optative phrase.

Hulle laat hul geld vir die kos op die tafel.

They leave their money for the food on the table.

(copulative) to leave, to cause to remain in the same position or state

Die burgemeester laat sy kinders 'n boomhuis bou.

The mayor allows his children to build a treehouse.

(auxiliary, with object) to let, to allow to


laat

af-adj

laat (attributive later, comparative laaste, superlative laatste)

later (attributive)
laaste (comparative)
laatste (superlative)

From Dutch laat, from Middle Dutch laet, from Old Dutch *lat, from Proto-Germanic *lataz.


voet

From Dutch voet, from Middle Dutch voet, from Old Dutch fuot, from Proto-West Germanic *fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.


ster

head

ster (plural sterre, diminutive sterretjie)

From Dutch ster, from Middle Dutch sterne, sterre, from Old Dutch sterno, sterro, from Proto-Germanic *sternô, *sternǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.


haan

From Dutch haan, from Middle Dutch hane, from Old Dutch *hano, from Proto-Germanic *hanô, from Proto-Indo-European *kan- (“to sing”).


hoog

af-adj

hoog (attributive hoë, comparative hoër, superlative hoogste)

hoë (attributive)
hoër (comparative)
hoogste (superlative)


straat

→ Swazi: sitaladi

→ Xhosa: isitrato, isitalato

From Dutch straat, from Middle Dutch strate, from Old Dutch strāta, from Proto-West Germanic *strātu (“street”), from Latin strāta.


vrede

From Dutch vrede, from Middle Dutch vrēde, from Old Dutch fritho, *frithu, from Proto-Germanic *friþuz.


grof

grof (attributive growwe, comparative growwer, superlative grofste)

growwe (attributive)
growwer (comparative)
grofste (superlative)

From Dutch grof, from Middle Dutch grof, from Old Dutch *grof, from Proto-Germanic *grubaz.


kruis

head

kruis (plural kruise, diminutive kruisie)

From Dutch kruis, from Middle Dutch crûce, from Old Dutch *krūci, from Latin crux (“cross”).

cross, sign of the cross
(heraldry) saltire


kruis

af-verb

kruis (present kruis, present participle kruisende, past participle gekruis)

kruis (present)
kruisende (participle present)
gekruis (participle past)

From Dutch kruisen, from Middle Dutch crucen.


meel

From Dutch meel, from Middle Dutch mēle, Old Dutch *melo, Proto-West Germanic *melu, from Proto-Germanic *melwą.


maat

head

maat (plural maats or maters, diminutive maatjie)

maats (plural)
maters (plural)
maatjie (diminutive)

→ English: maat


kaart

From Dutch kaart, from Middle Dutch cāerte, from Old French carte, from Latin charta.


ander

af-adj

ander (attributive andere, not comparable)

From Dutch ander Middle Dutch ander, from Old Dutch andar, from Proto-West Germanic *anþar, from Proto-Germanic *anþeraz.

Het die ander kok dit ook gemaak?

As ek hierdie speelding maak, sal ek nie die ander een kan maak nie.

If I make this toy I won't be able to make the other one.

Ons kan dit in 'n ander manier doen.

Ons het vir haar gevra hoekom sy nie hierdie kat wou hê nie, maar sy was doodstil op 'n ander een.

We asked her why she didn't want this cat, but she was dead-set on a different one.

Aristoteles het anders gesterf as wat die meeste mense dink.

Aristotle died differently than most people think.

Ek respekteer nie mense wat anders as ek dink nie.

I don't respect people who think differently to me.


ander

Behandel ander soos jy behandel wil word.


melk

Inherited from Dutch melk, from Middle Dutch melc, from Old Dutch miluk, from Proto-Germanic *meluks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ-.


melk

af-verb

melk (present melk, present participle melkende, past participle gemelk)

melk (present)
melkende (participle present)
gemelk (participle past)

Inherited from Dutch melken, from Middle Dutch melken, from Old Dutch *melkan, from Proto-Germanic *melkaną.


tollie

From Zulu ithole (“calf”), modified to use the diminutive -ie.


bredie

→ English: bredie


stoel

→ Southern Ndebele: ísítúlo

→ Shona: chitúru

→ Sotho: setulo

→ Swazi: sítúlo

→ Tsonga: xitulu

→ Xhosa: ísítúlo

→ Zulu: ísítúlo

From Dutch stoel, from Middle Dutch stoel, from Old Dutch stuol, from Proto-West Germanic *stōl, from Proto-Germanic *stōlaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.


spel

From Dutch spel, from Middle Dutch spel.


spel

spel (present spel, present participle spellende, past participle gespel)

spel (present)
spellende (participle present)
gespel (participle past)

From Dutch spellen, from Middle Dutch spellen, from Old Dutch *spellon, from Proto-Germanic *spellōną.


veel

From Dutch veel, from Middle Dutch vele, from Old Dutch filo, from Proto-Germanic *felu.

baie

with a mostly complementary distribution

Sy weet nie veel nie, maar haar moeder wis baie veel.

She doesn't know much, but her mother really knew a lot

(chiefly with negatives or when modified by adverbs) much, a lot


veel

Ons het nie veel perde nie.

(chiefly with negatives or when modified by adverbs) much, many


gogga

From a Khoe language. Compare Khoekhoe xoxo-i.

2014, Elsa Drotsky, 'n Vrou vir Emile, LAPA Uitgewers.
Sy verloor gou belanstelling in die wriemelende goggas en kom orent, haar oë sommer vanself al weer op soek na Emile.

She quickly loses interest in the wriggling bugs and goes upright, her eyes already searching for Emile on their own.


vals

af-adj

vals (attributive valse, comparative valser, superlative valsste)

valse (attributive)
valser (comparative)
valsste (superlative)


oud

oud (attributive ou, comparative ouer, superlative oudste)

ou (attributive)
ouer (comparative)
oudste (superlative)

From Dutch oud, from Middle Dutch out, from Old Dutch alt, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz, from Proto-Indo-European *altós, *h₂eltós, from *h₂el- (“grow, nourish”).


kroeg

Julle gaan nooit weer kroeg toe nie!


klomp

head

klomp (plural klompe, diminutive klompie)

From Dutch klomp, from Middle Dutch clompe, from Old Dutch *klumpo, from Proto-Germanic *klumpô, from Proto-Indo-European *glembʰ-.


streek

From Dutch streek, from Middle Dutch strēke, from Old Dutch *striki, from Proto-West Germanic *striki, from Proto-Germanic *strikiz.


sandstorm

From Dutch zandstorm. Equivalent to sand + storm.


ganja

Probably borrowed from English ganja, from Hindi गांजा (gāñjā), ultimately from Sanskrit गञ्जा (gañjā, “hemp”).


Johannes

יוֹחָנָן יוחנן#Hebrew

a male given name from Late Latin Iōhannēs [in turn from Koine Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), in turn from Biblical Hebrew יוֹחָנָן (Yôḥānān, “God is gracious”)], equivalent to English John


Switserland

From Dutch Zwitserland, equivalent to Switser + land.

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe; capital: Bern (de facto))


Duitsland

From Dutch Duitsland, equivalent to Duits + land.


Ierland

Ireland (an island and country in Western Europe)


Letland

Latvia (a country in Northern Europe; capital: Riga)


Wit-Rusland

From Dutch Wit-Rusland, equivalent to native wit + Rusland.

Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe; capital: Minsk)


Oekraïne

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea; capital: Kijif)


Libië

Libya (a country in North Africa; capital: Tripoli)


VSA

Verenigde State van Amerika
Verenigde State van Amerika#Afrikaans

USA (a country in North America); initialism of Verenigde State van Amerika (“United States of America”)


Londen

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Spanje

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Kopenhagen

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


Amerikaans

af-adj

Amerikaans (attributive Amerikaanse, not comparable)


Noord-Amerika

North America
North America#English:_Q49


aanvaller

head

aanvaller (plural aanvallers, diminutive aanvallertjie)

aanvallers (plural)
aanvallertjie (diminutive)


tikfout

tikfout (plural tikfoute, diminutive tikfoutjie)

tikfoute (plural)
tikfoutjie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch tikfout, equivalent to tik (“typing”) + fout (“mistake, error”).

compound

typographical error
typographical error#English


baard

From Dutch baard, from Middle Dutch baert, from Old Dutch *bart, from Proto-West Germanic *bard, from Proto-Germanic *bardaz, Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰ-eh₂.


dokter

head

dokter (plural dokters, diminutive doktertjie)

dokters (plural)
doktertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch dokter, from doctor, from Middle Dutch doctoor, from Latin doctor.


muis

From Dutch muis, from Middle Dutch muus, from Old Dutch *mūs, from Proto-Germanic *mūs.

(computing) A mouse (input device to operate a computer).


bril

bril (plural brille, diminutive brilletjie)

→ Sotho: borele

From Dutch bril, from Middle Dutch beril (“beryl”), from Latin beryllus (“beryl”), from Ancient Greek βήρυλλος (bḗrullos).


boter

boter (plural boters, diminutive botertjie)


haai

From Dutch haai, from Middle Dutch haeye.


ondergaan

af-verb

ondergaan (present ondergaan, present participle ondergaande, past participle ondergaan)

ondergaan (present)
ondergaande (participle present)
ondergaan (participle past)

From Dutch ondergáán, from Middle Dutch ondergaen. Equivalent to onder- + gaan.


ondergaan

ondergaan (present gaan onder, present participle ondergaande, past participle ondergegaan)

gaan onder (present)
ondergaande (participle present)
ondergegaan (participle past)

From Dutch óndergaan, from Middle Dutch ondergaen. Equivalent to onder + gaan.

Die son gaan onder.


staan

staan (present staan, present participle staande, past participle gestaan)

staan (present)
staande (participle present)
gestaan (participle past)

From Dutch staan, from Middle Dutch stâen, from Old Dutch stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stān, from Proto-Germanic *stāną.

Jou, staan op!


komkommer

head

komkommer (plural komkommers, diminutive komkommertjie)

komkommers (plural)
komkommertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch komkommer, from Middle Dutch cucumer, from Old French concombre, from Latin cucumis.


kus

From Dutch kust, from Middle Dutch cost, from Old French coste, from Latin costa (“rib, side”).

In 1862 word 'n pad vanaf die kopermyne na Hondeklipbaai aan die kus gebou.

1986, Die Noordweste. Die stoflike kultuuruitinge van die streek se bewoners, page 31:

In 1862 a path from the copper mines to Hondeklip Bay at the coast is built.


kus

af-verb

kus (present kus, present participle kussende, past participle gekus)

kus (present)
kussende (participle present)
gekus (participle past)

From Dutch kussen, from Middle Dutch cussen, from Old Dutch kussen, from Proto-Germanic *kussijaną. Cognate with English kiss, German küssen, and Danish kysse.

Sy steek 'n hand na hom uit, en vir 'n oomblik oorweeg hy om dit galant te kus.

2012, Pieter Aspe, Vierkant van die wraak, LAPA:

She holds a hand in front of him, and for a moment he considers kissing it gallantly.


kus

From Dutch kus, from Middle Dutch kos, from Old Dutch *kos, from Proto-Germanic *kussaz. Cognate with English kiss, German Kuss, and Danish kys.

1984, Eugène Nielen Marais, Versamelde werke, Leon Rousseau (ed.), Van Schaik (publ.), page 930.
Sy vou haar armpies om die ou man se nek maar in plaas van haar geheimpie te hoor, bedek hy die gesiggie met kusse.

She wraps her short arms around the old man's neck, but instead of listening to her secret he covers her little face with kisses.


sê

sê (present sê, present participle seggende, past participle gesê)

sê (present)
seggende (participle present)
gesê (participle past)

From Dutch zeggen, from Middle Dutch seggen, from Old Dutch *seggen, from Proto-Germanic *sagjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-.


soutpiel

sout (“salt”) + piel (“dick”). So named for having one foot in South Africa, one foot in Great Britain and his penis dangling in the Atlantic.

(vulgar, army slang) A South African with British, especially English, heritage.


naartjie

head

naartjie (plural naartjies, diminutive naartjietjie)

naartjies (plural)
naartjietjie (diminutive)

(uncommon) Alternative spelling of nartjie


rooinek

Hierdie waardige ou ooms het ons jongeres met vertroue besiel. Hulle was in ons oordeel die baanbrekers! hulle is die manne wat die Rooinekke sou kafloop.

These dignified old gentlemen ("uncles") inspired us youngsters with confidence; in our judgement they were the trailblazers! They were the men who would trounce the Rooinekke.

a person of British descent in South Africa. The term was applied to British settlers and military personnel during the 19th century, but by the 20th century had become a general colloquial term used by Afrikaners for anyone of British descent or connections to the British in South Africa.


koeksister

→ English: koeksister

koeksister (deep-fried doughnut dipped in syrup)


bees

From Dutch beest, from Middle Dutch beeste, from Old French beste, from Latin bēstia.

cow, ox (bovine, esp. of a domesticated species)


braaivleis

braaivleis (uncountable, diminutive braaivleisie)


slaaf

slaaf (plural slawe, diminutive slafie, feminine slavin)

slawe (plural)
slafie (diminutive)
slavin (feminine)

From Dutch slaaf, from Middle Dutch slave, from Late Latin sclavus.


handlanger

handlanger (plural handlangers, diminutive handlangertjie)

handlangers (plural)
handlangertjie (diminutive)

→ English: handlanger

From Dutch handlanger, from German Handlanger.

henchman, accomplice (one who is an enabler or accessory to a crime)


boon

→ Xhosa: imbotyi (from the diminutive)

From Dutch boon, from Middle Dutch bône, from Old Dutch *bōna, Proto-West Germanic *baunu, from Proto-Germanic *baunō.


onder

From Dutch onder, from Middle Dutch onder, from Old Dutch under, from Proto-Germanic *under.


duif

From Dutch duif, from Middle Dutch duve, from Old Dutch dūva, from Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ.


kos

From Dutch kost, from Middle Dutch cost, from Old French cost.


ewig

af-adj

ewig (attributive ewige, comparative ewiger, superlative ewigste)

ewige (attributive)
ewiger (comparative)
ewigste (superlative)

From Dutch eeuwig, from Middle Dutch êwich, from Old Dutch ēwig.


naamwoord

From Dutch naamwoord. Equivalent to naam + woord.

(grammar) noun (in the general sense, including adjectives)


peetvader

head

peetvader (plural peetvaders, diminutive peetvadertjie)

peetvaders (plural)
peetvadertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch peetvader. Equivalent to peet + vader.


Indies

af-adj

Indies (attributive Indiese, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Indisch, equivalent to Indië + -ies.

Indian (of, from, or pertaining to India or the Indian people)


fantasie

From Dutch fantasie, from Middle Dutch fantasie, from Old French fantasie, from Latin phantasia, from Ancient Greek φαντασία (phantasía).

fantasy (something that has been imagined)


doek

→ English: doek

→ Shona: dhuku

From Dutch doek, from Middle Dutch doec, from Old Dutch *duok, from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.


Kameroen

Cameroon (a country in Central Africa; capital: Yaoundé)


Jordanië

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; capital: Amman)


Namibië

Republiek van Namibië
Republiek van Namibië#Afrikaans

Namibia (a country in Southern Africa; official name: Republiek van Namibië; capital: Windhoek)


Armenië

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe; capital: Jerewan)


Maleisië

Koeala Loempoer
Koeala Loempoer#Afrikaans

Malaysia (a country in Southeast Asia; capital: Koeala Loempoer)


Indonesië

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia; capital: Djakarta)


Soedan

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa; capital: Kartoem)


Ethiopië

Ethiopia (a country in East Africa; capital: Addis Abeba)


Oeganda

Alternative spelling of Uganda: Uganda (a country in East Africa)


Koeweit

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)

Kuwait City (the capital city of Kuwait)


Somalië

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa; capital: Mogadisjoe)


Georgië

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe; capital: Tbilisi)


Cambodja

Obsolete spelling of Kambodja.: Cambodia (a country in Southeast Asia)


Kazachstan

Alternative form of Kazakstan: Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Indië

From Dutch Indië, from Latin India, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδία (Indía), from Ἰνδός (Indós), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hiⁿdūš), from Proto-Iranian *hínduš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš (“river”).

India (a country in South Asia; capital: Nieu-Delhi)


aar

From dialectal Dutch aar, syncopic form of ader, from Middle Dutch adere, from Old Dutch *āthara, from Proto-Germanic *ēþrō.

Die bloed het in my are gevries toe ek daardie skreeu hoor.

The blood ran cold in my veins when I heard that scream.


patos

From Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos, “suffering”).

der

pathos; a property of anything that touches the feelings or excites emotions and passions

any feelings that are touched or excited through the use of pathos in music, literature, film, etc.


veertiende

af-adj

veertiende (attributive veertiende, not comparable)


twaalfde

twaalfde (attributive twaalfde, not comparable)


dertiende

dertiende (attributive dertiende, not comparable)


elfde

elfde (attributive elfde, not comparable)


negentiende

negentiende (attributive negentiende, not comparable)


twintigste

twintigste (attributive twintigste, not comparable)


-eer

From Dutch -eren, from Middle Dutch -eren, from Middle French -er or Old French -er, from Latin -āre.

Part of the root derived mainly from French and Latin, e.g. informeer from French to inform, originally the infinitive ending of such French verbs.


ek is lief vir jou

LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-ek is lief vir jou.wav


negende

negende (attributive negende, not comparable)


Dubliner

head

Dubliner (plural Dubliners, diminutive Dublinertjie)

Dubliners (plural)
Dublinertjie (diminutive)


paal

→ Tsonga: pala

→ Xhosa: ipala

From Dutch paal, from Middle Dutch pâel, from Old Dutch pāl, borrowed from Latin pālus.


vierde

af-adj

vierde (attributive vierde, not comparable)


tiende

tiende (attributive tiende, not comparable)


lees

af-verb

lees (present lees, present participle lesende, past participle gelees)

lees (present)
lesende (participle present)
gelees (participle past)

From Dutch lezen, from Middle Dutch lēsen (“to collect, gather, read”), from Old Dutch lesan (“to gather, read”), from Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”).


jou

From Dutch jou. Also related to English you.

1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function

chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence


jou

In jou atmosfeer.

2016, “In Jou Atmosfeer”, in Sal Jy Met My Dans?, performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa:


dagboek

From Dutch dagboek. Equivalent to dag + boek.


vod

head

vod (plural vodde or voddes or voddens, diminutive vodjie)

vodde (plural)
voddes (plural)
voddens (plural)
vodjie (diminutive)

'n Vod van 'n boek


skel

af-verb

skel (present skel, present participle skellende, past participle geskel)

skel (present)
skellende (participle present)
geskel (participle past)

From Dutch schelden, from Middle Dutch schelden, from Old Dutch skeldan, from Proto-Germanic *skeldaną.


kis

From Dutch kist, from Middle Dutch kiste, from Proto-West Germanic *kistu, from Latin cista, from Ancient Greek κίστη (kístē), from Proto-Indo-European *kisteh₂.


tussen

From Dutch tusschen, from Middle Dutch twisschen, tusschen, a shortening of Old Dutch intwiskan, originally a prepositional phrase *in twiskan. The latter word is from Proto-Germanic *twiskaz, *twiskijaz (“twofold, double”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, doubly; in two”).


kar

head

kar (plural karre, diminutive karretjie)

From Dutch kar, from Middle Dutch carre, from Latin carrus or the mediaeval variant carra, from Gaulish carros.


AWB

Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (Afrikaner Resistance Movement)


sool

af-verb

sool (present sool, present participle solend, past participle gesool)

sool (present)
solend (participle present)
gesool (participle past)


koor

From Dutch koor, from Middle Dutch côor.


gom

From Dutch gom, from Middle Dutch gomme, from Old French gomme, from Late Latin gumma, from earlier gummi, cummi.

Gum, a viscous or sticky substance exuded by certain plants or produced synthetically.


volk

head

volk (plural volke or volkere, diminutive volkie)

volke (plural)
volkere (plural)
volkie (diminutive)

→ English: volk

From Dutch volk, from Middle Dutch volc, from Old Dutch folc, from Proto-Germanic *fulką.


dwerg

dwerg (plural dwerge, diminutive dwergie)

From Dutch dwerg, from Middle Dutch dwerch, from Old Dutch *dwerg, from Proto-Germanic *dwergaz.

dwarf (small human; small specimen, breed or species of animal)

(fiction, folklore, fantasy, mythology) dwarf (small folkloristic humanoid)


kil

af-adj

kil (attributive kil, comparative kiler, superlative kilste)

kil (attributive)
kiler (comparative)
kilste (superlative)

From Dutch kil, from Middle Dutch kille.

cold, chilly (of temperatures, weather, etc.)


hertog

head

hertog (plural hertoë, diminutive hertogie, feminine hertogin)

hertoë (plural)
hertogie (diminutive)
hertogin (feminine)

From Dutch hertog, from Middle Dutch hertōge, from Old Dutch *heritogo, from Proto-West Germanic *haritogō.


mog

(archaic) preterite of mag; was allowed to


kont

From Dutch kont (“butt, bum”), from Middle Dutch conte (“vagina”, also generally “sex organ”), from Old Dutch *kunta (“vagina”), from Proto-Germanic *kuntǭ.

inh

(vulgar) cunt, an extremely unpleasant or objectionable person


groet

af-verb

groet (present groet, present participle groetende, past participle gegroet)

groet (present)
groetende (participle present)
gegroet (participle past)

From Dutch groeten, from Middle Dutch groeten, from Old Dutch *gruoten, from Proto-Germanic *grōtijaną.


groet

From Dutch groet, from Middle Dutch groete.


vloed

From Dutch vloed, from Middle Dutch vloet, from Old Dutch fluot, from Proto-West Germanic *flōdu, from Proto-Germanic *flōduz.


haat

From Dutch haat, from Middle Dutch hāt, from Old Dutch *hat, from Proto-Germanic *hataz.


haat

haat (present haat, present participle hatende, past participle gehaat)

haat (present)
hatende (participle present)
gehaat (participle past)

From Dutch haten, from Middle Dutch hāten, from Old Dutch haton, from Proto-Germanic *hatāną.


piek

From Dutch piek, from Middle Dutch pike.

A summit, a peak, the highest point of a mountain.


kroon

From Dutch kroon, from Middle Dutch crône, from Old Dutch corōna, from Latin corōna.


kroon

kroon (present kroon, present participle kronende, past participle gekroon)

kroon (present)
kronende (participle present)
gekroon (participle past)

From Dutch kronen, from Middle Dutch crônen.


droom

From Dutch droom, from Middle Dutch droom, from Old Dutch *drōm, from Proto-Germanic *draumaz.


droom

droom (present droom, present participle dromende, past participle gedroom)

droom (present)
dromende (participle present)
gedroom (participle past)

From Dutch dromen, from Old Dutch *drōmen, from Proto-Germanic *draumijaną.


mol

head

mol (plural molle, diminutive molletjie)

From Dutch mol, from Middle Dutch mol, from Old Dutch mol, mul, from Proto-West Germanic *mol, from Proto-Germanic *mulaz.

mole, mammal of the family Talpidae; also used of some similar but not closely related mammals.


breuk

breuk (plural breuke, diminutive breukie)


bruid

bruid (plural bruide, diminutive bruidjie)

From Dutch bruid, from Middle Dutch bruut, from Old Dutch *brūd, from Proto-Germanic *brūdiz.


Port Moresby

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English

Port Moresby (the capital city of Papua New Guinea)


Addis Abeba

Addis Ababa, Addis Abeba (the capital city of Ethiopia)


Honiara

Honiara (the capital city of the Solomon Islands)


Thimphu

Borrowed from Dzongkha ཐིམ་ཕུ (thim phu).


Bandar Seri Begawan

Unadapted borrowing from Malay Bandar Seri Begawan.

ubor

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#English

Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


ruim

af-adj

ruim (attributive ruim, comparative ruimer, superlative ruimste)

ruim (attributive)
ruimer (comparative)
ruimste (superlative)

From Dutch ruim, from Middle Dutch ruum, from Old Dutch rūm (in placenames), from Proto-West Germanic *rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz.


ruim

From Dutch ruim, from Middle Dutch ruum, from Old Dutch ruom, Proto-West Germanic *rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.


regering

head

regering (plural regerings or regeringe (dated))

regerings (plural)
regeringe (dated plural)

/rəˈχɪə̯.rəŋ/

From Dutch regering, equivalent to regeer + -ing.


suster

From Dutch zuster, from Middle Dutch suster, from Old Dutch swester, from Proto-Germanic *swestēr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.


doof

af-adj

doof (attributive dowe, comparative dower, superlative doofste)

dowe (attributive)
dower (comparative)
doofste (superlative)


Yamoussoukro

Yamoussoukro (the official and administrative capital of Ivory Coast)


Bangui

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English

Bangui (the capital city of the Central African Republic)


Malabo

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English

Malabo (the capital city of Equatorial Guinea)


Kinshasa

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Kinshasa (the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Brazzaville

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

Brazzaville (the capital city of the Republic of the Congo)


ru

ru (attributive ruwe, comparative ruwer, superlative ruuste)

ruwe (attributive)
ruwer (comparative)
ruuste (superlative)

From Dutch ruw, from Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, from Old Dutch *rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz. See the Dutch entry for more.


Bissau

Bissau (the capital city of Guinea-Bissau)


bakkie

→ English: bakkie


bergie

(informal) a homeless person in Cape Town


Moroni

Moroni (the capital city of the Comoros)


Ouagadougou

Ouagadougou (the capital city of Burkina Faso)


Abidjan

Abidjan (the de facto capital and largest city of Ivory Coast)


middag

From Dutch middag, from Middle Dutch middach.


lughawe

head

lughawe (plural lughawes or lughawens, diminutive lughawetjie or lughawentjie)

lughawes (plural)
lughawens (plural)
lughawetjie (diminutive)
lughawentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch luchthaven. Equivalent to lug + hawe.


Andorra la Vella

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella#English

Andorra la Vella (the capital city of Andorra)


Bahrein

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf; capital: Manama)


pyn

From Dutch pijn, from Middle Dutch pine, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ). Cognate with English pain.


hawe

hawe (plural hawes or hawens, diminutive hawetjie)

hawes (plural)
hawens (plural)
hawetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch haven, from Middle Dutch havene, from Old Dutch *havana, from Proto-Germanic *habnō, *habanō.


ry

af-verb

ry (present ry, present participle ryende, past participle gery)

ry (present)
ryende (participle present)
gery (participle past)


gars

→ Xhosa: írhási

From Dutch garst, a variant of gerst, from Middle Dutch gerste, from Old Dutch *gersta, from Proto-West Germanic *gerstu.


piramide

head

piramide (plural piramides, diminutive piramidetjie)

piramides (plural)
piramidetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch piramide, from Middle French pyramide, from Old French piramide, from Latin pȳramis, from Ancient Greek πῡραμίς (pūramís), possibly from πῡρός (pūrós, “wheat”) + ἀμάω (amáō, “reap”) or from Egyptian pr-m-ws.


roer

roer (plural roers, diminutive roertjie)

From Dutch roer, roeder, from Middle Dutch roeder, from Old Dutch *ruother, from Proto-Germanic *rōþrą.


bou

af-verb

bou (present bou, present participle bouende, past participle gebou)

bou (present)
bouende (participle present)
gebou (participle past)

From Dutch bouwen, from Middle Dutch bouwen, from Old Dutch buwan, from Proto-Germanic *būaną.


bou

building, construction (activity of building)


kruk

From Dutch kruk, from Middle Dutch crucke.


sien

sien (present sien, present participle siende or sienende, past participle gesien)

sien (present)
siende (participle present)
sienende (participle present)
gesien (participle past)

From Dutch zien, from Middle Dutch sien, from Old Dutch sian, from Proto-Germanic *sehwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to see, notice”).


siet

af-verb

siet (present siet, present participle siende, past participle gesiet)

siet (present)
siende (participle present)
gesiet (participle past)

From Dutch ziet, third-person singular present of zien, whence Afrikaans sien.

(Cape Afrikaans) Alternative form of sien


buk

buk (present buk, present participle bukkende, past participle gebuk)

buk (present)
bukkende (participle present)
gebuk (participle past)

From Dutch bukken, from Middle Dutch bucken, from Old Dutch *bukken, from Proto-Germanic *bukkijaną.


vesel

head

vesel (plural vesels, diminutive veseltjie)

From Dutch vezel, from Middle Dutch *vesele (from which veselen), from vese + -ele.

A fibre (Commonwealth); fiber (US) (single piece/strand of fabric or other material).


mielie

mielie (plural mielies, diminutive mielietjie)

mielies (plural)
mielietjie (diminutive)

From Dutch milie, from Middle Dutch milie, from Latin milium.


boerewors

From boer (“farmer”) + wors (“sausage”).

A traditional homemade sausage, now commercially available.


dassiepis

→ English: dassiepis

Compound of dassie (“hyrax”) + pis (“piss, pee”).


wors

→ English: wors


boomslang

→ English: boomslang


lewe

lewe (plural lewes or lewens, diminutive lewetjie)

lewes (plural)
lewens (plural)
lewetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch leven (noun), from Middle Dutch leven.


lewe

af-verb

lewe (present lewe, present participle lewende, past participle gelewe)

lewe (present)
lewende (participle present)
gelewe (participle past)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


stoep

→ English: stoep

From Dutch stoep, from Middle Dutch stoep.

stoep, stoop, raised platform or veranda in front of a house


niemand

From Dutch niemand, from Middle Dutch nieman, from Old Dutch nieman.


kous

→ Sotho: kausi

→ Xhosa: ikawusi

From Dutch kous, from Middle Dutch couse, from Picard Old French cauce, from Vulgar Latin calcea, from Latin calceus.


lof

From Dutch lof, from Middle Dutch lof, from Old Dutch lof, from Proto-Germanic *lubą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“love”).


lym

From Dutch lijm, from Middle Dutch lijm, from Old Dutch *līm, from Proto-Germanic *līmaz.


pret

From Dutch pret (“fun”). Related to Dutch prat (“proud”) and English prat.


huur

af-verb

huur (present huur, present participle huurende, past participle gehuur)

huur (present)
huurende (participle present)
gehuur (participle past)


krap

head

krap (plural krappe, diminutive krappie)

From Dutch krab, from Middle Dutch crabbe, from Old Dutch *krabba.

(botany, uncommon) devil's claw (plant of the genus Harpagophytum), especially when referring to the seeds


krap

af-verb

krap (present krap, present participle krappende, past participle gekrap)

krap (present)
krappende (participle present)
gekrap (participle past)

From Dutch krabben, from Middle Dutch crabben, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *krabbōną.

to write quickly, sloppily and illegibly

Hy krap alweer in haar goed.

He is rummaging through her things again.

to rummage; to search for something either for the sake of finding something or out of curiosity


gelukkig

af-adj

gelukkig (attributive gelukkige, comparative gelukkiger, superlative gelukkigste)

gelukkige (attributive)
gelukkiger (comparative)
gelukkigste (superlative)

From Dutch gelukkig, from Middle Dutch geluckig.


heks

From Dutch heks, from German Hexe, from Middle High German hecse, from Old High German hagzissa, from Proto-Germanic *hagatusjō.

(figurative, derogatory) witch (term of abuse for a woman)


voël

→ English: voël

From Dutch vogel, from Middle Dutch vōgel, from Old Dutch fogal, vogal, from Proto-Germanic *fuglaz.


siek

siek (attributive sieke, comparative sieker, superlative siekste)

sieke (attributive)
sieker (comparative)
siekste (superlative)

From Dutch ziek (“sick”), from Middle Dutch siek (“sick”), from Old Dutch *sioc (“sick”), from Proto-Germanic *seukaz (“sick”), from the verb *seukaną (“to be sick”), from Proto-Indo-European *seug- (“to be troubled or grieved”).


vygie

→ English: vygie


Eva

a female given name, equivalent to English Eve


tombo

'n KLOPJAG weens die vermoede dat tombo gestook word in die tronk, is die jongste grief op die vermeende Caprivi-afstigters in Grootfontein se klagtelys.

2004 April 26, “Lewe agter die tralies”, in Republikein:

A raid because of the suspicion that tombo is being brewed in jail, is the latest grief on the list of complaints of the alleged Caprivi separatists in Grootfontein.

Agt polisiebeamptes wat in April 'n man forseer het om in tombo te swem terwyl hulle hom beledig het, is steeds geskors.

Eight police officers who in April forced a man to swim in tombo while they insulted him, are still suspended.

(Namibia) tombo (a traditional sweet beer)


ketel

head

ketel (plural ketels, diminutive keteltjie)

From Dutch ketel, from Middle Dutch ketel, from Old Dutch *ketil, from Proto-Germanic *katilaz, from Late Latin catillus.

kettle, cauldron (a pot used to boil water)


stukkend

af-adj

stukkend (attributive stukkende, comparative stukkender, superlative stukkendste)

stukkende (attributive)
stukkender (comparative)
stukkendste (superlative)


gatvol

gatvol (attributive gatvolle, comparative gatvoller, superlative gatvolste)

gatvolle (attributive)
gatvoller (comparative)
gatvolste (superlative)


kaalgat

kaalgat (attributive kaalgat, not comparable)

From Dutch kaalgat (noun), the adjective is an Afrikaans development. Equivalent kaal (“naked”) + gat (“hole, butt, backside”).


kaalgat

head

kaalgat (plural kaalgatte, diminutive kaalgatjie)

kaalgatte (plural)
kaalgatjie (diminutive)


komma

komma (plural kommas, diminutive kommatjie)

From Dutch komma, from French comma, from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma).


ly

af-verb

ly (present ly, present participle lydende or lyende, past participle gely)

ly (present)
lydende (participle present)
lyende (participle present)
gely (participle past)

From Dutch lijden, from Middle Dutch liden, from Old Dutch līthan, from Proto-Germanic *līþaną.


lapa

head

lapa (plural lapas, diminutive lapatjie)


stoom

From Dutch stoom, from Middle Dutch *stôom, from Old Dutch *stōm, from Proto-West Germanic *staum, from Proto-Germanic *staumaz.


sterrekunde

From Dutch sterrenkunde. Equivalent to sterre + -kunde.


versin

af-verb

versin (present versin, present participle versinnende, past participle versin)

versin (present)
versinnende (participle present)
versin (participle past)

From Dutch verzinnen, from Middle Dutch versinnen.


planeet

From Dutch planeet, Middle Dutch planete, from Old French planete, from Late Latin planēta, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wanderer”).


wrang

af-adj

wrang (attributive wrang or wrange, comparative wranger, superlative wrangste)

wrang (attributive)
wrange (attributive)
wranger (comparative)
wrangste (superlative)

From written Dutch wrang. Doublet of vrank (“tart, sour”), which is the more strictly native form.


astronomie

From Dutch astronomie, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀστρονομία (astronomía), from ἄστρον (ástron, “star”) + νόμος (nómos, “law”).


baie

From Malay banyak (“many; very”), likely combining the influence of the unrelated Low German bannig (“very”).

Haar baas is baie lelik.


baie

veel

more or less in complementary distribution

Daar is baie besoekers op die mark.

Sy koop baie tydskrifte in die kiosk.

She is buying a lot of magazines at the news stand.

In die winter stroom baie water die vlei in.

A lot of water is flowing into the valley in winter.

(with positive polarity, when not modified by adverbs) many, much, a lot of


baie

Ons het baie gehad om te bespreek.

(with positive polarity, when not modified by adverbs) a lot, much


venster

→ Fanagalo: festel

→ Sotho: fenstere

→ Xhosa: ifestile

→ Zulu: ifasitela

From Dutch venster, from Latin fenestra.


vaart

From Middle Dutch vāert, from Old Dutch farth, from Proto-Germanic *fardiz.


kooi

head

kooi (plural kooie, diminutive kooitjie)

From Dutch kooi (“cage; bunk”), from Middle Dutch coye, ultimately from Latin cavea.


matroos

matroos (plural matrose, diminutive matrosie)


edel

af-adj

edel (attributive edele, comparative edeler, superlative edelste)

edele (attributive)
edeler (comparative)
edelste (superlative)


kurk

From Dutch kurk, from Spanish corcho, ultimately from Latin cortex.


arend

From Dutch arend, from Middle Dutch aernt, from earlier aren, from Old Dutch *aro.


uil

From Dutch uil, from Middle Dutch ule, from Old Dutch *ūwila, from Proto-Germanic *uwwalǭ.


wesp

From Dutch wesp, from earlier wespe, from Middle Dutch wespe, from Old Dutch *wespa, with metathesis from Proto-Germanic *wepsō-, from Proto-Indo-European *wobʰseh₂ (“wasp”), from *webʰ- (“weave”).


meester

From Dutch meester, from Middle Dutch mêester, from Old Dutch *mēster, from Vulgar Latin *maester, from Latin magister.


kapel

From Dutch kapel, from Middle Dutch capelle, ultimately from Latin cappella.

chapel, small Christian place of worship


kanker

From Dutch kanker, from Middle Dutch canker, from Latin cancer.


cabochon

head

cabochon (plural cabochons or cabochonne)


kerk

→ Fwe: n-kèrékè

→ Herero: okereka

→ Kwanyama: onggeleka

→ Phuthi: ikereke

→ Shona: kirike

→ Sotho: kereke

→ Venda: gereke

From Dutch kerk, from Middle Dutch kerke, from Old Dutch kirica, from Proto-West Germanic *kirikā, an early borrowing from Ancient Greek κυριακόν (kuriakón).


langs

From Dutch langs, from Middle Dutch langes.


Kenia

Kenya (a country in East Africa; capital: Nairobi)


patroon

patroon (plural patrone, diminutive patroontjie)

patrone (plural)
patroontjie (diminutive)

pattern or example from which a copy is made

pattern; an artistic design or decorative arrangement

pattern; a regular or repeating arrangement (such as in music or concerning events)


patroon

cartridge; a container for ink, powder, gas, etc.


patroon

patroon (plural patrone, diminutive patroontjie, feminine patrones)

patrone (plural)
patroontjie (diminutive)
patrones (feminine)

a child that behaves either old-fashionedly or like an adult

patron; wealthy person who supports an artist, craftsman, a scholar, etc.

(Roman catholicism) patron; patron saint

(historical, Roman antiquity) patron; a master who had freed his slave but still retained some rights over him


rus

af-verb

rus (present rus, present participle rustende, past participle gerus)

rus (present)
rustende (participle present)
gerus (participle past)

From Dutch rusten, from Middle Dutch rusten.

Ek sal nie rus nie.


meubel

head

meubel (plural meubels, diminutive meubeltjie)

meubels (plural)
meubeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch meubel (“furniture”), from Middle Dutch meubel, from Old French meuble, from Latin rēs mōbilis (“movable object”).

piece of furniture
piece of furniture#English


iemand

From Dutch iemand, from Middle Dutch ieman, iemant, from Old Dutch ieman, *ioman.


ieder

(rather rare, literary) everyone; everybody


ieder

in ieder geval

(in expressions only) Alternative form of iedere (“every”)


orde

From Dutch orde, from Middle Dutch ordene, from Old French ordene, from Latin ordō, ordinem.


soort

From Dutch soort, from Middle Dutch sorte.


soms

From Dutch soms, from Middle Dutch soms.


verte

From Dutch verte, from Middle Dutch verte. Equivalent to ver + -te.


sanger

From Dutch zanger, from Middle Dutch sanger.


nooit

→ English: nooit

From Dutch nooit, from Middle Dutch nooit.

Sy sing nooit.

Die goedere is nooit op die bestemming aangekom nie.

The goods never arrived at the destination.


neef

From Dutch neef, from Middle Dutch nēve, from Old Dutch *nefo, nevo, from Proto-West Germanic *nefō, from Proto-Germanic *nefô, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.


besetting

besetting (plural besettings or besettinge (dated))

besettings (plural)
besettinge (dated plural)

From Dutch bezetting, from Middle Dutch besettinge. Equivalent to beset + -ing.


Australië

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire; capital: Canberra)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands; capital: Canberra)


reeks

reeks (plural reekse, diminutive reeksie)

From Dutch reeks, from Middle Dutch raecs, reecs (“chain”), from Old Dutch *rakis, of uncertain origin.

Dit is 'n reeks letters, 'n reeks woorde, maar het dit betekenis, ek dink nie so nie...

This is a sequence of letters, a sequence of words, but does it have any meaning, I don't think so...

Die uitgewer het al 'n nuwe reeks boeke aangekondig.

The publisher has already announced a new series of books.

Daardie komiese reeks op televisie oor 'n dwelmbende in 'n bewaarskool is baie populêr.

That comedic series on television about a drug gang operating in a kindergarten is very popular.

A series of video media, e.g. a television or internet series.


nommer

From Dutch nummer, from Middle Dutch nommer, from Old French nombre, from Latin numerus.

(Cape Afrikaans, chiefly plural) prison gang


paling

paling (plural palings, diminutive palinkie)

From Dutch paling, from Middle Dutch paeldinc, from Old Dutch *pathelink.


moskee

From Dutch moskee, from Middle French mosquee, from Italian moschea, from Medieval Latin meschita, from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid).


kaal

af-adj

kaal (attributive kaal, comparative kaler, superlative kaalste)

kaal (attributive)
kaler (comparative)
kaalste (superlative)

From Dutch kaal, from Middle Dutch cale, from Old Dutch *kalo, from Proto-Germanic *kalwaz (“naked, bald”), from Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (“naked, bald”).


wilg

From Dutch wilg, from Middle Dutch wilge, from Old Dutch *wilga, from Proto-West Germanic *wiligijā.


myne

Daardie is jou hemp en hierdie is myne.

That is your shirt and this one is mine.


Pretoria

Named after Andries Pretorius (1798–1853).

Pretoria (the administrative capital of South Africa)


pous

From Dutch paus, from Middle Dutch paus.


snoek

→ English: snoek

From Dutch snoek, from Middle Dutch snoec.


dié

Orthographic variant of stressed die (“the”).

this; these; that; those (unspecific with regard to distance or number, unlike 'dit' which is exclusively singular.)


Tadjikistan

Tajikistan (a country in Central Asia; capital: Doesjanbe)


voel

af-verb

voel (present voel, present participle voelende, past participle gevoel)

voel (present)
voelende (participle present)
gevoel (participle past)

From Dutch voelen, from Middle Dutch voelen, from Old Dutch *fuolen, from Proto-West Germanic *fōlijan (“to feel”).


derm

intestine, gut; e.g. in anatomy, the term "slukderm" (literally "swallowing gut") is a technically established term for "oesophagus".


Majuro

Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands#English

Majuro (an atoll and capital city of the Marshall Islands)


Freetown

Freetown (the capital city of Sierra Leone)


vind

af-verb

vind (present vind, present participle vindende, past participle gevind)

vind (present)
vindende (participle present)
gevind (participle past)

From Dutch vinden, from Middle Dutch vinden, from Old Dutch findan, from Proto-Germanic *finþaną, from Proto-Indo-European *pent-.


stam

From Dutch stam, from Middle Dutch stam, from Old Dutch *stam, from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *stamniz.


salto

From Dutch salto, from Italian salto, from Latin saltus.

somersault, flip (jump where one makes a 360° rotation)


lieg

lieg (present lieg, present participle liegende, past participle gelieg)

lieg (present)
liegende (participle present)
gelieg (participle past)

From Dutch liegen, from Middle Dutch liegen, from Old Dutch liegan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.


weet

weet (present weet, present participle wetende, past wis, past participle geweet)

weet (present)
wetende (participle present)
wis (past)
geweet (participle past)

From Dutch weten (“to know”), from Middle Dutch weten, from Old Dutch witan, from Proto-Germanic *witaną, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“see, know”). Related to English wit.


hy

From Dutch hij, from Middle Dutch hi, from Old Dutch hie, hē, from Proto-Germanic *hiz.

Hy sien my nie.

third-person singular subject pronoun
he (referring to a male person)

Ek het die boek gelees, maar hy is baie moeilik om te volg.

I’ve read the book, but it is very difficult to follow.

third-person singular subject pronoun
it (referring to a non-personal noun)


roos

From Dutch roos, from Middle Dutch rose, from Old French rose, from Latin rosa.


mossel

head

mossel (plural mossels, diminutive mosseltjie)

mossels (plural)
mosseltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch mossel, from Middle Dutch mosscele.


werkwoord

From Dutch werkwoord. Equivalent to werk + woord.


graag

Ek wil graag saamkom!

gladly, eagerly (meaning that the subject is eager to perform the action of the verb)


wil

af-verb

wil (present wil, past wou, past participle gewil)

wil (present)
wou (past)
gewil (participle past)

From Dutch willen, from Middle Dutch willen, from Old Dutch willen, from Proto-Germanic *wiljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.


leef

leef (present leef, present participle lewende, past participle geleef)

leef (present)
lewende (participle present)
geleef (participle past)

From Dutch leven, from Middle Dutch leven, from Old Dutch *livon, from Proto-Germanic *libjaną.


kers

From dialectal Dutch kers (“candle”), variant of kaars, from Middle Dutch kerse. The Dutch development -er- → -aar- before a dental consonant is absent in a number of Afrikaans words (compare lantern, perd, stert, werd).


hoor

hoor (present hoor, present participle horende, past participle gehoor)

hoor (present)
horende (participle present)
gehoor (participle past)

From Dutch horen, from Middle Dutch horen, from Old Dutch *hōren, from Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti.


boekwinkel

head

boekwinkel (plural boekwinkels, diminutive boekwinkeltjie)

boekwinkels (plural)
boekwinkeltjie (diminutive)


oorbel

oorbel (plural oorbelle, diminutive oorbelletjie)

oorbelle (plural)
oorbelletjie (diminutive)


geraamte

geraamte (plural geraamtes, diminutive geraamtetjie)

geraamtes (plural)
geraamtetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch geraamte, from Middle Dutch geraemte.


bestaan

af-verb

bestaan (present bestaan, present participle bestaande, past participle bestaan)

bestaan (present)
bestaande (participle present)
bestaan (participle past)

From Dutch bestaan, from Middle Dutch bestaen.


skelet

head

skelet (plural skelette, diminutive skeletjie)

skelette (plural)
skeletjie (diminutive)

Inherited from Dutch skelet, from German Skelett, from Ancient Greek σκελετός (skeletós, “dried up, withered, dried body, parched, mummy”), from σκελλώ (skellṓ, “to dry, dry up, to make dry, to parch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to parch, wither”).


sondares

head

sondares (plural sondaresse, diminutive sondaressie, masculine sondaar)

sondaresse (plural)
sondaressie (diminutive)
sondaar (masculine)

From Dutch zondares. Equivalent to sondaar + -es.


subsidie

From Dutch subsidie, from Middle Dutch subsidie, from Latin subsidium.


vriendin

vriendin (plural vriendinne, diminutive vriendinnetjie)

vriendinne (plural)
vriendinnetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch vriendin, from Middle Dutch vriendinne. Equivalent to vriend + -in.

Die vriendinne swem vaak in die dam, maar vandag vlug hulle weg, omdat iemand klippe daarin gooi.

The female friends often swim in the pond, but today they fled away because someone threw stones into it.

Baie mense wat WikiWoordeboek bewerk, sowel mans as vroue, het geen vriendin nie.

Many people who edit Wiktionary, both men and women, do not have a girlfriend.

girlfriend (unmarried female romantic partner)


gewoond

af-adj

gewoond (used only predicatively, not comparable)

From Dutch gewend, influenced by gewoon (“usual”), probably after or reinforced by German gewohnt, gewöhnt.

Ons het die hond nou eers drie weke, maar ek het al baie aan hom gewoond geraak.

We've only had the dog for three weeks now, but I've already grown very accustomed to him.


platteland

English: platteland


rol

head

rol (plural rolle, diminutive rolletjie)


rol

af-verb

rol (present rol, present participle rollende, past participle gerol)

rol (present)
rollende (participle present)
gerol (participle past)


manier

From Middle Dutch maniere, from Old French maniere.


skare

From Dutch schare, from Middle Dutch schare, from Old Dutch skara, from Proto-Germanic *skarō.


fiets

Borrowed from Dutch fiets, of uncertain origin.


omdat

From Dutch omdat. Equivalent to univerbation of om + dat.

Sy was laat, omdat die treine nie gery het nie.

She was late, because the trains weren't driving.


letterkunde

From Dutch letterkunde. Equivalent to letter + -kunde.


dief

From Dutch dief, from Middle Dutch dief, from Old Dutch *thiof, from Proto-Germanic *þeubaz.


rower

head

rower (plural rowers, diminutive rowertjie)

From Dutch rover, from Middle Dutch rôvere. Equivalent to roof + -er.


novelle

/ˌnʊə̯ˈfɛ.lə/

From Dutch novelle, either from Italian novella or French nouvelle, itself from Italian.


poot

From Dutch poot, from Middle Dutch pôte.


dra

af-verb

dra (present dra, present participle draende, past participle gedra)

dra (present)
draende (participle present)
gedra (participle past)

Fjodor is die eerste Russiese tsaar wat Westerse klere dra.

Fjodor is the first Russian tsar that wears western clothes.


politiek

From Dutch politiek, from French politique.


verstaan

verstaan (present verstaan, present participle verstanende, past participle verstaan)

verstaan (present)
verstanende (participle present)
verstaan (participle past)

From Dutch verstaan, from Middle Dutch verstaen, from Old Dutch farstān, from Proto-Germanic *fura + *stāną.


muf

af-adj

muf (attributive muwwe, comparative muwwer, superlative mufste)

muwwe (attributive)
muwwer (comparative)
mufste (superlative)

From Dutch muf, from muffen, from Middle Dutch muffen.

stale, musty (having lost its freshness)


luister

af-verb

luister (present luister, present participle luisterende, past participle geluister)

luister (present)
luisterende (participle present)
geluister (participle past)

From Dutch luisteren, from Middle Dutch luusteren, from Old Dutch *lūsteron, from Proto-Germanic *hlūstrōną, frequentative of *hlūstaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”).


nè

right? isn't it? (used to ask for confirmation that a statement is true)


aktinium

From Dutch actinium, from French actinium, equivalent to aktin- + -ium.


-ere

From Dutch -eren. Compare also the more native Afrikaans -ers.

been (“leg; bone”) + -ere → beendere (“bones”)

gelid (“rank”) + -ere → geledere (“ranks”)

gemoed (“mind”) + -ere → gemoedere (“minds”)

goed (“good”) + -ere → goedere (“goods”)

lied (“song; hymn”) + -ere → liedere (“hymns”)

volk (“people”) + -ere → volkere (“peoples”)


tou

From Dutch touw, from Middle Dutch touwe, from Old Dutch *tou, from Proto-Germanic *tawwą.


plek

From Dutch plek, from Middle Dutch plecke, from Old Dutch *plekka (“mark, spot, place”), from Proto-Germanic *plakjō (“spot, stain”).


aanbieding

head

aanbieding (plural aanbiedings or aanbiedinge (dated), diminutive aanbiedinkie)

aanbiedings (plural)
aanbiedinge (dated plural)
aanbiedinkie (diminutive)


koop

af-verb

koop (present koop, present participle kopende, past participle gekoop)

koop (present)
kopende (participle present)
gekoop (participle past)


belasting

head

belasting (plural belastings or belastinge (dated))

belastings (plural)
belastinge (dated plural)

From Dutch belasting, from Middle Dutch belastinge (“burden, accusation”).


daarna

From Dutch daarna, from Middle Dutch dâerna. Equivalent to daar + na.


eenvoudig

af-adj

eenvoudig (attributive eenvoudige, comparative eenvoudiger, superlative eenvoudigste)

eenvoudige (attributive)
eenvoudiger (comparative)
eenvoudigste (superlative)

/ˌɪə̯nˈfœu̯.dəχ/

From Dutch eenvoudig, from Middle Dutch êenvoudich. Equivalent to een (“one”) + -voudig (“fold”).


neul

af-verb

neul (present neul, present participle neulende, past participle geneul)

neul (present)
neulende (participle present)
geneul (participle past)

Maar hy bly neul oor stinkhout. Sê die bos moet oorgeplant word met stinkhout waar dit uitgekap is.

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, page 104:

But he continues whining for black stinkwood. Says the forest has to be replanted with black stinkwood wherever it's been cut down.


begroting

head

begroting (plural begrotings or begrotinge (dated))

begrotings (plural)
begrotinge (dated plural)

/bəˈχrʊə̯.təŋ/

From Dutch begroting, from Middle Dutch begrotinge. Equivalent to begroot + -ing.


vreemdeling

vreemdeling (plural vreemdelinge, diminutive vreemdelinkie or vreemdelingetje)

vreemdelinge (plural)
vreemdelinkie (diminutive)
vreemdelingetje (diminutive)

/ˈfrɪə̯m.dəˌləŋ/

From Dutch vreemdeling, from German Fremdling. Equivalent to vreemd + -e- + -ling.

stranger (unfamiliar person hailing from elsewhere)


beweging

beweging (plural bewegings or beweginge (dated))

bewegings (plural)
beweginge (dated plural)


gesprek

From Dutch gesprek (“conversation”), from Middle Dutch gesprec (“speaking, speech”), from Old Dutch *gisprekki, from Proto-Germanic *gasprakją. Equivalent to ge- + spreek.


ministerie

From Dutch ministerie, from French ministère and influenced by Latin ministerium.

ministry (government department under the authority of a minister)


storie

head

storie (plural stories, diminutive storietjie)

stories (plural)
storietjie (diminutive)

Borrowed from English story. Doublet of histori.


bliksem

From Dutch bliksem, from Middle Dutch blexeme, from Old Dutch blikisni (“lightning bolts”), ultimately from a Proto-Germanic derivation of Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyǵ-.


bliksem

bliksem (plural bliksems, diminutive bliksempie)

bliksems (plural)
bliksempie (diminutive)


bliksem

af-verb

bliksem (present bliksem, present participle bliksemende, past participle gebliksem)

bliksem (present)
bliksemende (participle present)
gebliksem (participle past)

Ek sal jou bliksem!


proses

From Dutch proces, from Middle Dutch proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin processus, past participle of procedo.


donder

donder (present donder, present participle donderende, past participle gedonder)

donder (present)
donderende (participle present)
gedonder (participle past)

Die ou verloor sy balaans en donder agteroor van sy stoel af.

The guy lost his balance and tumbled backwards off his chair.


vlei

vlei (present vlei, present participle vleiende, past participle gevlei)

vlei (present)
vleiende (participle present)
gevlei (participle past)


grondslag

From Dutch grondslag. Equivalent to grond + slag.


brandweer

From Dutch brandweer, from German Feuerwehr. Equivalent to brand (“fire”) + weer (“defence”).


voorkom

voorkom (present kom voor, present participle voorkomende, past participle voorgekom)

kom voor (present)
voorkomende (participle present)
voorgekom (participle past)


voorkom

voorkom (present voorkom, present participle voorkomende, past participle voorkom)

voorkom (present)
voorkomende (participle present)
voorkom (participle past)


slaat

slaat (present slaat, present participle slatende, past participle geslaat)

slaat (present)
slatende (participle present)
geslaat (participle past)

From Dutch slaat, third-person singular present of slaan, whence Afrikaans slaan.


visser

From Dutch visser, from Middle Dutch vischer, visscher, from Old Dutch *fiskar, from Proto-Germanic *fiskārijaz. Equivalent to vis + -er.


magie

From Dutch magie, from French magie, from Middle French magie, from Latin magīa, from Ancient Greek μαγεία (mageía). The stress difference with Dutch might be due to English influence (magic) or influence from derived terms such as magies.


mee

From Dutch mee, from older mede with the frequent loss of intervocalic -d-.


fabriek

head

fabriek (plural fabrieke, diminutive fabriekie)

fabrieke (plural)
fabriekie (diminutive)

→ Sotho: faboriki

From Dutch fabriek, from Latin fabrica or French fabrique.


sfeer

sfeer (plural sfere, diminutive sfeertjie)


slaap

From Dutch slaap, from Middle Dutch slâep, from Old Dutch *slāp, from Proto-West Germanic *slāp.


slaap

af-verb

slaap (present slaap, present participle slapende, past participle geslaap)

slaap (present)
slapende (participle present)
geslaap (participle past)


kwaad

af-adj

kwaad (attributive kwaai, comparative kwaaier or kwater, superlative kwaadste)

kwaai (attributive)
kwaaier (comparative)
kwater (comparative)
kwaadste (superlative)

From Dutch kwaad, from Middle Dutch quaet, from Old Dutch *kwāt, from Proto-West Germanic *kwād.


asma

From Dutch astma, from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma).


advies

From Dutch advies, from Middle Dutch avijs, from Old French avis.


kandidaat

From Dutch kandidaat, from French candidat, from Latin candidātus.


baar

af-verb

baar (present baar, present participle barende, past participle gebaar)

baar (present)
barende (participle present)
gebaar (participle past)

From Dutch baren, from Middle Dutch baren, beren, from Old Dutch beran, baran, from Proto-Germanic *beraną. Cognate with German gebären, English to bear.


baar

From Dutch baar, from Middle Dutch bâre, from Old Dutch *bāra, from Proto-Germanic *bērō, derived from etymology 1. Cognate with German Bahre, English bier.


baar

From Dutch baar, from Middle Dutch bâre. Possibly identical with etymology 2.


baar

From Dutch baar, from Middle Dutch bare, from Old French barre. Cognate with German Barren, English bar.


baar

af-adj

baar (attributive bare, comparative baarder, superlative baarste)

bare (attributive)
baarder (comparative)
baarste (superlative)

From Malay baru (“new”), in part directly, in part through the Dutch nominalisation baar (“newcomer”).