aam

Inherited from Dutch aam, from Middle Dutch ame, aem, from Latin ama, a variant of hama, from Ancient Greek ἄμη (ámē, “bucket”).

(historical) aam (a measure for liquids varying between regions, it was roughly 32 wine gallons in South Africa)

(historical, by extension) a barrel with the volume of one aam


aardvark

→ English: aardvark

From Dutch aardvarken, from aarde (“earth, soil”) + varken (“pig”).


ablaut

From Dutch ablaut, borrowed from German Ablaut, from ab- + Laut.


abba

af-verb

abba (present abba, present participle abbaende, past participle geabba)

abba (present)
abbaende (participle present)
geabba (participle past)

Borrowing from the Khoemana/Korana word abba which means to carry someone, especially a child, on your back.


hoed

From Dutch hoed, from Middle Dutch hoet, from Old Dutch *huot, from Proto-Germanic *hōdaz.


hoed

hoed (present hoed, present participle hoedende, past participle gehoed)

hoed (present)
hoedende (participle present)
gehoed (participle past)

From Dutch hoeden, from Middle Dutch hoeden, from Old Dutch *huoden, from Proto-West Germanic *hōdijan.


gratis

From Dutch gratis, from Latin grātīs, contraction of grātiīs.


lente

spring, the season between winter and summer


BTW

Initialism of belasting op toegevoegde waarde.; VAT, value-added tax


NAVO

Acronym of Noord-Atlantiese Verdragsorganisasie; NATO


een

From Dutch een, from Middle Dutch een, from Old Dutch ēn, ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


dat

From Dutch dat, from Middle Dutch dat, from Old Dutch that, from Proto-Germanic *þat.


week

From Dutch week, from Middle Dutch weke, from Old Dutch *wika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”). Compare English week, West Frisian wike, German Woche.

der

Daar is sewe dae in die week.


pond

From Dutch pond, from Middle Dutch pont, pond, from Old Dutch punt, from Proto-Germanic *pundą (“pound, weight”), borrowed from Latin pondō.

Tot 1961, was die Suid-Afrikaanse pond onderverdeel in 20 sjielings.

Until 1961, the South African pound was subdivided into 20 shillings.


ik

(Cape Afrikaans or archaic) Alternative form of ek


het

From the Dutch 3rd person singular of hebben, which is heeft in standard Dutch, but het in many dialects. Compare also German hat, English has (from older English hath).

't

in informal writing, reflecting the contracted pronunciation


lens

From Dutch lens, from Latin lēns (“lentil”).


van

Van die wêreld se beste wyne kom van hierdie streek af.

Some of the world’s best wines are from this region.

Ons het met van die belangrikste politieke leiers gespreek.

We have spoken to some of the most important political leaders.

(used with a following definite article) some of (the)


abdomen

head

abdomen (plural abdomina or abdomens, diminutive abdomentjie)

abdomina (plural)
abdomens (plural)
abdomentjie (diminutive)


robot

1997, Riana Scheepers, Dogters van Afrika. Verhale oor Suid-Afrikaanse Vroue, Tafelberg (publ.).
As die robotte na groen oorslaan, brul hulle en storm vorentoe.

When the traffic lights switch to green, they roar and storm forward.


wolf

From Dutch wolf, from Middle Dutch wolf, from Old Dutch *wulf, *wolf, from Proto-West Germanic *wulf, from Proto-Germanic *wulfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.


Japan

Inherited from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).

der

Japan (a country in East Asia; capital: Tokio)


Finland

Finland (a country in Northern Europe; capital: Helsinki)


Ghana

Ghana (a country in West Africa; capital: Accra)


Burundi

Burundi (a country in East Africa; capital: Gitega)


Botswana

Botswana (a country in Southern Africa; capital: Gaborone)


Kiribati

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania; capital: Suid-Tarawa)


Malawi

Malawi (a country in Southern Africa; capital: Lilongwe)


Swaziland

(historical) Swaziland (The former name of Eswatini, a country in Southern Africa)


Angola

Republiek van Angola
Republiek van Angola#Afrikaans

Angola (a country in Southern Africa; official name: Republiek van Angola; capital: Luanda)


Thailand

Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia; capital: Bangkok)


Mauritius

Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar; capital: Port Louis)

Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)


Afghanistan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia; capital: Kaboel)


Nepal

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India; capital: Katmandoe)


Nauru

Nauru (a country and island in Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


Zimbabwe

From Shona dzimba-dze-mabwe (“house of stones”), in reference to Great Zimbabwe.

Zimbabwe (a country in Southern Africa; capital: Harare)


Andorra

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Mali

Mali (a country in West Africa; capital: Bamako)


beer

From Dutch beer, from Proto-Germanic *berô.


beer

From Dutch beer, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.


Laos

Laos (a country in Southeast Asia; capital: Vientiane)


Rwanda

Rwanda (a country in East Africa; capital: Kigali)


Uganda

Uganda (a country in East Africa; capital: Kampala)


Niger

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria; capital: Niamey)


Tonga

Tonga (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Togo

Togolese Republiek
Togolese Republiek#Afrikaans

Togo (a country in West Africa; official name: Togolese Republiek; capital: Lomé)


Iran

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; capital: Teheran)


San Marino

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Israel

Inherited from Dutch Israël, from Middle Dutch israel, from Old Dutch israel, from Latin Isrāēl, from Ancient Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל.

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Tuvalu

Alternative spelling of Toewaloe: Tuvalu (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe; capital: Vaduz)


word

af-verb

word (present word, present participle wordende, past participle geword)

word (present)
wordende (participle present)
geword (participle past)

From Dutch worden, from Middle Dutch werden, from Old Dutch werthan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.

Ek het ryk geword.

Ek word ryk.

Sy word beter.

to become; to get (to change one’s state)

Die kat word gevoer.

Forms the present passive voice when followed by a past participle


Vanuatu

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania)


Mayotte

administrative region
administrative region

territorial collectivity
territorial collectivity

Mayotte (an archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, formerly an overseas territorial collectivity, located between Africa's mainland and Madagascar)


Palau

Palau (A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania; capital: Ngerulmud)


Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone#English:_Q1044

Sierra Leone (a country in West Africa; capital: Freetown)


Burkina Faso

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

com

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta; capital: Ouagadougou)


Benin

Republiek van Benin
Republiek van Benin#Afrikaans

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey; official name: Republiek van Benin; capital: Porto Novo)


Portugal

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


die

From Dutch die, which is used only as a demonstrative in Dutch. The replacement of the article de with stronger die is also common in Surinamese Dutch and among non-native speakers of Dutch.

die man

die vrou

die kind

definite article
definite article#English


die

Die dokter het gesê dat jy siek is. Die is die rede hoekom jy in die bed moet bly.

The doctor said that you are sick. That is the reason why you must stay in bed.


winter

From Dutch winter, from Middle Dutch winter, from Old Dutch winter, from Proto-Germanic *wintruz.


Eritrea

Eritrea (a country in East Africa, on the Red Sea; capital: Asmara)


Belarus

Borrowed from Belarusian Белару́сь (Bjelarúsʹ).

bor+

Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe; capital: Minsk)


Belarus

head

Belarus (plural Belarusse, diminutive Belarussie)

Belarusse (plural)
Belarussie (diminutive)

Belarusian (person from Belarus or of Belarusian descent)


is

am, are, is (present tense, all persons, plural and singular of wees, to be)

Forms the perfect passive voice when followed by a past participle


Malta

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe; capital: Valletta)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago; capital: Valletta)


Samoa

Samoa (A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania)


letter

letter (plural letters, diminutive lettertjie)

letters (plural)
lettertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch letter, from Middle Dutch lettere, from Old French lettre, from Latin littera.


been

been (plural bene or beendere, diminutive beentjie)

bene (plural)
beendere (plural)
beentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch been, from Middle Dutch bêen, from Old Dutch bēn, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

(in the diminutive) Synonym of ossikel (“ossicle”)


A

The first letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


open

af-verb

open (present open, present participle openende, past participle geopen)

open (present)
openende (participle present)
geopen (participle past)

From Dutch openen, from Middle Dutch ōpenen, from Old Dutch opanon, from Proto-Germanic *upanōną.


Roemenië

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


beige

af-adj

beige (attributive beige, comparative beiger, superlative beigeste)

beige (attributive)
beiger (comparative)
beigeste (superlative)


elk

(rather rare, literary) everyone; everybody


elk

in elk geval

(in expressions only) Alternative form of elke (“every”)


Taiwan

Inherited from Dutch Taiwan, ultimately from Dutch Tayouan, from possibly Siraya.

Republic of China
Republic of China#English

Taiwan, Republic of China (a country in East Asia; capital: Taipei)


Georgia

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


bot

From Dutch bot, from botte. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *buddǭ.


bot

af-verb

bot (present bot, present participle bot, past participle gebot)

bot (present)
bot (participle present)
gebot (participle past)


bot

af-adj

bot (attributive botte, comparative botter, superlative botste)

botte (attributive)
botter (comparative)
botste (superlative)

From Dutch bot, from Middle Dutch bot. Ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *buttaz.


violet

violet (attributive violette, not comparable)

From Dutch violet, borrowed from French violet, from Latin viola (“violet”).


bank

From Dutch bank, from Middle Dutch banc, from Old Dutch *bank, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz.


bank

From Dutch bank, from Middle Dutch banc, from Italian banco, from Old High German bank, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz.

(games, gambling) bank, a player who controls a deposit in some card games or board games and in gambling


bank

af-verb

bank (present bank, present participle bankende, past participle gebank)

bank (present)
bankende (participle present)
gebank (participle past)


spring

spring (present spring, present participle springende, past participle gespring)

spring (present)
springende (participle present)
gespring (participle past)


in

From Dutch in, from Middle Dutch in, from Old Dutch in, from Proto-Germanic *in.


X

The twenty-fourth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.


of

From Dutch of, from Middle Dutch of, ofte.


toe

From Dutch toe (“then”), a chiefly dialect variant of toen, from Middle Dutch doe. The -n in Dutch toen was added by analogy with dan (“then”).

Ek het toe nog nie lank in Pretoria gewoon nie.

I hadn’t lived in Pretoria for long then.

(referring to the past) then; at that time; at that moment

dan

then; referring to the present and future


toe

Toe ek by my skoonouers kuier, het ons elke dag gebraaide vleis geëet.

When I stayed at my in-laws’, we had fried meat every day.

wanneer

when; referring to the present and future


toe

Ons gaan skool toe.


toe

adverbial form of tot, found chiefly in compounds

Die deur is toe.


en

Ek sit en drink koeldrank

En?


my

1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function

chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence


was

was (present was, present participle wassende, past participle gewas)

was (present)
wassende (participle present)
gewas (participle past)


stem

From Dutch stem, from Middle Dutch stemme, from Old Dutch *stemma, from Proto-Germanic *stebnō, *stamnijō.

Ruis die stem van ons geliefde, van ons land Suid-Afrika.

1921, “Die Stem van Suid-Afrika”, C.J. Langenhoven (lyrics), M.L. de Villiers (music), South Africa:

Rises the voice of our beloved, of our country South Africa.


stem

stem (present stem, present participle stemmende, past participle gestem)

stem (present)
stemmende (participle present)
gestem (participle past)


boom

From Dutch boom, from Middle Dutch bôom, from Old Dutch bōm, boum, from Proto-Germanic *baumaz.


see

From Dutch zee, from Middle Dutch sêe, from Old Dutch sēo, from Proto-Germanic *saiwiz.

Laasweek het ons see toe gegaan.

Die trekvoëls vlieg oor die berge, oor die see, Lapland toe.
The migratory birds are flying over the mountains, over the sea, to Sápmi.


drink

drink (present drink, present participle drinkende, past participle gedrink)

drink (present)
drinkende (participle present)
gedrink (participle past)

From Dutch drinken, from Middle Dutch drinken, from Old Dutch drinkan, from Proto-Germanic *drinkaną.


Thai

Thai (person from Thailand or of Thai descent)


adel

From Dutch adel, from Middle Dutch adel, from Old Dutch *athal, from Proto-Germanic *aþalą.


Afrikaans

af-adj

Afrikaans (attributive Afrikaanse, not comparable)


ag

af-verb

ag (present ag, present participle agtende, past participle geag)

ag (present)
agtende (participle present)
geag (participle past)

Ek ag hom as 'n belangrike bate in ons maatskappy.

I deem him as an important asset in our company.

Hy word hoog geag.


ag

From Dutch ach. Equivalent of German ach and English oh.


tower

tower (present tower, present participle towerende, past participle getower)

tower (present)
towerende (participle present)
getower (participle past)


hand

From Dutch hand, from Middle Dutch hant, from Old Dutch hant, from Proto-West Germanic *handu, from Proto-Germanic *handuz.


warm

af-adj

warm (attributive warmer, comparative warmste, superlative warmste)

warmer (attributive)
warmste (comparative)
warmste (superlative)

From Dutch warm, from Middle Dutch warm, from Old Dutch warm, from Proto-Germanic *warmaz.

Dinge raak warm.

2016, “Dinge Raak Warm”, in Sal Jy Met My Dans?, performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa:


haar

From Dutch haar, from Middle Dutch haer, from Old Dutch hiro, from Proto-Germanic *hezōi.


haar

From Dutch haar, from Middle Dutch haer, from Old Dutch hira, from Proto-Germanic *hezōz.


haar

From Dutch haar, from Middle Dutch hâer, from Old Dutch hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą.


Victoria

Victoria (the capital city of Seychelles)

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

Victoria (the capital city of British Columbia, Canada)


polder

From Dutch polder, from Middle Dutch polre, from Old Dutch polra.

polder (land reclaimed from a body of water by means of dykes)


room

From Dutch room, from Middle Dutch rôme, from Old Dutch *rōm, from Proto-West Germanic *raum, from Proto-Germanic *raumaz, , from Proto-Indo-European *réwgʰmn̥ (“cream”).


bal

head

bal (plural balle, diminutive balletjie)

From Dutch bal, from Middle Dutch bal, from Old Dutch *bal, from Proto-Germanic *balluz.

A ball (spherical object, used as a toy).


gans

→ Xhosa: urhanisi

→ Zulu: ihansi


oral

From Dutch overal, from Middle Dutch overal, from Old Dutch overal.


kind

From Dutch kind, from Middle Dutch kint, from Old Dutch kint, from Proto-Germanic *kindą (“offspring”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁tóm.


son

From Dutch zon, from Middle Dutch sonne, from Old Dutch sunna, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-, *sóh₂wl̥.


Canberra

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


vers

From Dutch vers, from Middle Dutch vers, from Old Dutch vers, from Latin versus.

A verse; a line, sentence or similarly short passage of a text, usually in prose.


al

From Dutch al, from Middle Dutch al, from Old Dutch al, from Proto-West Germanic *all.


Sydney

(uncountable) Sydney (a major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most populous city in Australia)

(uncountable) Sydney (a seaport and former city in Nova Scotia, Canada, now part of the amalgamated Cape Breton Regional Municipality on Cape Breton Island)


slang

From Dutch slang (“snake, serpent”), from Middle Dutch slange (“snake, serpent”), from Old Dutch slango (“snake, serpent”), from Proto-Germanic *slangô (“snake, serpent”).

inh

1983, E. P. Groenewald et al. (translators), Bybel, Genesis 3:2

The woman answered the serpent: “We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden.

Die vrou het die slang geantwoord: “Ons mag eet van die vrugte van die bome in die tuin."


tree

From Dutch tree, syncopic form of trede, from Middle Dutch trede. Equivalent to a deverbal from treden.

step (single act of placing the foot when walking)


winkel

head

winkel (plural winkels, diminutive winkeltjie)

winkels (plural)
winkeltjie (diminutive)

→ Sotho: leebenkele

→ Xhosa: ivenkile

From Dutch winkel, from Middle Dutch winkel (“corner”), from Old Dutch winkel, from Proto-Germanic *winkilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bend, bow, arch, curve”).


ver

af-adj

ver (attributive verre, comparative verder, superlative verste)

verre (attributive)
verder (comparative)
verste (superlative)

From Dutch ver, from Middle Dutch verre.


as

From Dutch as, from Proto-Germanic *askǭ.


as

From Dutch as, from Proto-Germanic *ahsō.


arts

From Dutch arts, from Middle Dutch ersetere, arsete, from Old Dutch ercetere. Influenced by German Arzt. All borrowed from Medieval Latin arcīāter, from Late Latin archīāter, from Ancient Greek ἀρχιατρός (arkhiatrós).


daar

From Dutch daar, from Old Dutch thār, from Proto-Germanic *þar.


sing

af-verb

sing (present sing, present participle singende, past participle gesing)

sing (present)
singende (participle present)
gesing (participle past)


sy

From Dutch zijde, zij, from Middle Dutch side, from Old Dutch *sīda, from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ.


sy

From Dutch zijde, zij, from Middle Dutch side, from Old Dutch *sīda, from Latin sēda.


Kuala Lumpur

Koeala Loempoer
Koeala Loempoer#Afrikaans


Turk

Turk (person from Turkey or of Turkish descent)


man

head

man (plural mans or manne, diminutive mannetjie)

mans (plural)
manne (plural)
mannetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch man, from Middle Dutch man, from Old Dutch man, from Proto-Germanic *mann-, from Proto-Indo-European *mon- (“human being, man”).


drank

head

drank (plural dranke, diminutive drankie)


lied

lied (plural liedere, diminutive liedjie)


hier

From Dutch hier, from Middle Dutch hier, from Old Dutch hier, from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r.


breed

af-adj

breed (attributive breë, comparative breër, superlative breedste)

breë (attributive)
breër (comparative)
breedste (superlative)

From Dutch breed, from Middle Dutch brêet, from Old Dutch *brēd, from Proto-West Germanic *braid.


bed

From Dutch bed, from Middle Dutch bedde, from Old Dutch bedde, from Proto-Germanic *badją.


so

From Dutch zo, from Middle Dutch sô, from Old Dutch sō, from Proto-West Germanic *swā, from a merger of Proto-Germanic *swa and *swē.

so, like that/this, thus (in such a way)


bring

af-verb

bring (present bring, present participle bringende, past participle gebring)

bring (present)
bringende (participle present)
gebring (participle past)

From Dutch bringen, a dialectal variant of standard brengen (“to bring”). Both forms were originally distinct, though related, verbs, but were early on conflated.

Bring asseblief hierdie borde kombuis toe.

Please, take these dishes to the kitchen.

(transitive) to take; to lead (to another place)


tak

From Dutch tak (“branch, twig, offshoot”), from Middle Dutch tac (“pointy object, forked object”), from Old Dutch *takko (“pointy object”).


bid

af-verb

bid (present bid, present participle biddende, past participle gebid)

bid (present)
biddende (participle present)
gebid (participle past)


met

From Dutch met, from Middle Dutch met, from Old Dutch mit, from Proto-West Germanic *midi, from Proto-Germanic *midi.

Met ons land en met ons nasie.


bad

From Dutch bad, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *baþą. The plural baddens was probably formed by analogy with beddens (“beds”). The expected form would have been *baaie, which is already the plural of baai (“bay”). Compare phonetically pad > paaie.


dig

af-adj

dig (attributive digte, comparative digter, superlative digste)

digte (attributive)
digter (comparative)
digste (superlative)

From Dutch dicht, from Middle Dutch dicht, from Old Dutch *thīht, from Proto-Germanic *þinhtaz.


dig

af-verb

dig (present dig, present participle digtende, past participle gedig)

dig (present)
digtende (participle present)
gedig (participle past)

From Dutch dichten, from Middle Dutch dichten, from Latin dictō.


spelling

head

spelling (plural spellings or spellinge)

From Dutch spelling, from Middle Dutch spellinge. Equivalent to spel + -ing.


sent

From Dutch cent, from English cent or French centime.


sweet

From Dutch zweet, from Middle Dutch sweet, from Old Dutch *sweit, *swēt, from Proto-Germanic *swait-, from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd-.

Daar was baie sweet op haar voorhoof.

There was a lot of sweat on her forehead.


sweet

af-verb

sweet (present sweet, present participle swetende, past participle gesweet)

sweet (present)
swetende (participle present)
gesweet (participle past)

From Dutch zweten, from Middle Dutch swêten.


brief

From Dutch brief, from Middle Dutch brief, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Latin brevis.


er

head

er (plural erre or ers, diminutive erretjie)

erre (plural)
ers (plural)
erretjie (diminutive)

The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.


hang

af-verb

hang (present hang, present participle hangende, past participle gehang)

hang (present)
hangende (participle present)
gehang (participle past)

From Dutch hangen, a merger of Middle Dutch hangen and haen.


stink

stink (present stink, present participle stinkende, past participle gestink)

stink (present)
stinkende (participle present)
gestink (participle past)

From Dutch stinken, from Middle Dutch stinken, from Old Dutch stincan, from Proto-Germanic *stinkwaną.


sweep

From Dutch zweep, from Middle Dutch swepe.


put

From Dutch put, from Middle Dutch put, from Old Dutch *putti, from Proto-West Germanic *puti, from Latin puteus.


bied

bied (present bied, present participle biedende, past participle gebied)

bied (present)
biedende (participle present)
gebied (participle past)


vel

head

vel (plural velle, diminutive velletjie)

From Dutch vel, from Middle Dutch vel, from Old Dutch *fel, from Proto-Germanic *fellą, from Proto-Indo-European *pello-, *pelno-.

A membrane, e.g. forming on boiling milk.

A sheet (e.g. of paper; incorrectly used for a page).


vel

af-verb

vel (present vel, present participle vellende, past participle gevel)

vel (present)
vellende (participle present)
gevel (participle past)

From Dutch vellen, from Middle Dutch vellen, from Old Dutch *fellen, from Proto-Germanic *fallijaną.

(transitive, of verdicts, opinions) To decide, to pronounce.


bieg

(religion) confession of sin to a priest


bieg

bieg (present bieg, present participle biegende, past participle gebieg)

bieg (present)
biegende (participle present)
gebieg (participle past)

to admit or confess, especially about something that is shameful or embarrassing


bol

head

bol (plural bolle, diminutive bolletjie)

From Dutch bol, from Middle Dutch bol, bolle, from Old Dutch *bolla, from Proto-West Germanic *bollā, from Proto-Germanic *bullǭ (“round object or vessel, ball, bowl”).


klim

af-verb

klim (present klim, present participle klimmende, past participle geklim)

klim (present)
klimmende (participle present)
geklim (participle past)

From Dutch klimmen, from Middle Dutch climmen, from Old Dutch *climban, from Proto-Germanic *klimbaną.


klok

head

klok (plural klokke, diminutive klokkie)

From Dutch klok, from Middle Dutch clocke, from Old Dutch *klokka, from Old Irish clocc.


sit

af-verb

sit (present sit, present participle sittende, past participle gesit)

sit (present)
sittende (participle present)
gesit (participle past)

Formally from Dutch zitten (“to sit”), from Frankish *sittjan, from Proto-Germanic *sitjaną. Semantically from a merger of the former and related Dutch zetten (“to set, put”), from Proto-Germanic *satjaną, whence also Afrikaans set (chiefly in compounds). Both Germanic verbs are eventually from Proto-Indo-European *sed-.

Sy sit en sein vir haar dogtertjie.

She is sitting and gesturing to her young daughter.

(intransitive) to sit; to be in a sitting position (usually used with op, binne or in)

Sit asseblief.

(intransitive) to sit; to sit down to move into a sitting position

Ek sit jou sleutels op die tafel.

Ek gaan al my geld in die bank sit.

I am going to deposit all my money in the bank.


sog

From Dutch zog or zoog, dialectal variants of zeug, from Middle Dutch soge, suege, from Old Dutch *soga, from Proto-West Germanic *sugu.


lig

af-adj

lig (attributive ligte, comparative ligter, superlative ligste)

ligte (attributive)
ligter (comparative)
ligste (superlative)

From Dutch licht, from Proto-Germanic *linhtaz.

Die tas is lig.

Daar het 'n ligte wind gewaai.


lig

af-verb

lig (present lig, present participle ligtende, past participle gelig)

lig (present)
ligtende (participle present)
gelig (participle past)

From Dutch lichten, derived from etymology 1.


lig

From Dutch licht, from Proto-Germanic *leuhtą (noun) and *leuhtaz (adjective).

Blou lig het die kortste golflengte van die primêre kleure.

Blue light has the shortest wavelength among primary colours.


lig

Hy dra 'n ligblou hemp.

(of color or complexion) light; pale; not dark


lig

From Dutch lichten, from Proto-Germanic *liuhtijaną, derived from etymology 3.

Supernova's is geweldig ligtende uitbarstings van massiewe sterre.

Supernovas are immensely shining explosions of massive stars.


sin

head

sin (plural sinne, diminutive sinnetjie)

From Dutch zin, from Middle Dutch sin, from Old Dutch sin, from Proto-West Germanic *sinn.


bitter

af-adj

bitter (attributive bitter or bittere, comparative bitterder, superlative bitterste)

bitter (attributive)
bittere (attributive)
bitterder (comparative)
bitterste (superlative)

From Dutch bitter, from Middle Dutch bitter, from Old Dutch bitter, from Proto-West Germanic *bitr.


kolonie

/kʊə̯ˈlʊə̯.ni/

From Dutch kolonie, from Latin colōnia (“colony”).


seep

→ Swazi: insipho

→ Xhosa: isepha

→ Zulu: insipho


hare

Sy het my hemp aangehad en ek hare.


mal

mal (attributive mal, comparative maller, superlative malste)

mal (attributive)
maller (comparative)
malste (superlative)


sand

From Dutch zand, from Middle Dutch sant, from Old Dutch *sant, from Proto-Germanic *samdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *sámh₂dʰos.


sal

From Dutch zal, singular of zullen, from Middle Dutch sullen, from Old Dutch *sulan, from Proto-West Germanic *skulan, from Proto-Germanic *skulaną.


long

head

long (plural longe, diminutive longetjie)

From Dutch long, from Middle Dutch longe, also longen, longene, from Old Dutch *lungan, *lunganna, from Proto-Germanic *lunganjō.


set

The name of the Latin-script letter Z/z.


teen

From Dutch tegen, from Middle Dutch tegen, tjegen, from te jegen, the latter from Old Dutch gegin, from Proto-Germanic *gagin.


meer

From Dutch meer, from Middle Dutch mēre, from Old Dutch meri, from Proto-Germanic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.


meer

From Dutch meer, from Middle Dutch mêre, from Old Dutch *mēro, from Proto-West Germanic *maiʀō, from Proto-Germanic *maizô.


ring

From Dutch ring, from Middle Dutch rinc, from Old Dutch rinc, from Proto-West Germanic *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz.


raaf

From Dutch raaf, from Middle Dutch rāve, from older rāven by reanalysis, from Old Dutch ravan, from Proto-Germanic *hrabnaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-.


wind

From Dutch wind, from Middle Dutch wint, from Old Dutch wint, from Proto-Germanic *windaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts (“blowing”), present participle of *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).


wind

af-verb

wind (present wind, present participle windende, past participle gewind)

wind (present)
windende (participle present)
gewind (participle past)


plank

head

plank (plural planke, diminutive plankie)

From Dutch plank, from Middle Dutch planke, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Old Northern French planke, from Late Latin planca.


by

From Dutch bij, from Middle Dutch bi, from Old Dutch bī.


by

From Dutch bij, from Middle Dutch bie, from Old Dutch *bīa.


kin

From Dutch kin, from Middle Dutch kinne, from Old Dutch kinni, from Proto-Germanic *kinnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus.


lekker

af-adj

lekker (attributive lekker or lekkere, comparative lekkerder, superlative lekkerste)

lekker (attributive)
lekkere (attributive)
lekkerder (comparative)
lekkerste (superlative)

→ English: lekker

From Dutch lekker, from Middle Dutch lecker, derived from the verb lekken (“lick”). Akin to German lecker.

Die kos het lekker gesmaak.

having a nice taste, tasty, good, delicious

Lekker tye.

Kyk na daai lekker ding

’n Paar minute nadat die klas gekla het, het die dosent ook nie lekker begin voel nie.

A few minutes after the class complained, the teacher also began to feel unwell.

(Mainly with negative polarity) Healthy, well, in good health (not afflicted by illness).


lekker

Ons het lekker gespeel.

We played nicely. / We had a great time playing.

good, nice, fun in a more generic sense.

Hy was lekker ingeloop.

He was swindled badly. / He was properly swindled


lekker

Lekker! Jy wou mos!

goody! hah!, used sarcastically to show disapproval, disrespect or contempt


lekker

head

lekker (plural lekkers, diminutive lekkertjie)

lekkers (plural)
lekkertjie (diminutive)


hoop

From Dutch hoop, from Middle Dutch hôop, from Old Dutch *hōp, from Proto-Germanic *haupaz.


hoop

From Dutch hoop, from Middle Dutch hope, from Old Dutch *hopa.


hoop

af-verb

hoop (present hoop, present participle hopende, past participle gehoop)

hoop (present)
hopende (participle present)
gehoop (participle past)

From Dutch hopen, from Middle Dutch hōpen, from Old Dutch hopon, from Proto-West Germanic *hopōn.


anime

Borrowed from Japanese アニメ (anime), an abbreviation of アニメーション (animēshon), ultimately from English animation.


teken

head

teken (plural tekens, diminutive tekentjie)

From Dutch teken, from Middle Dutch têken, teiken, from Old Dutch *tēkan, *teikan, from Proto-Germanic *taikną. Doublet of teiken (“target, goal”). Cognate with German Zeichen, English token.


teken

af-verb

teken (present teken, present participle tekenende, past participle geteken)

teken (present)
tekenende (participle present)
geteken (participle past)

From Dutch tekenen, from Middle Dutch têkenen, from Old Dutch *tēkanen, from Proto-Germanic *taiknijaną, from etymology 1. Cognate with German zeichnen.


party

From Dutch partij, from Middle Dutch partie, from Old French partie.

party (group, especially a political one)


bly

bly (present bly, present participle blywende, past participle gebly)

bly (present)
blywende (participle present)
gebly (participle past)

From Dutch blijven, from Middle Dutch bliven, from Old Dutch blīvan (“to remain”), from Proto-Germanic *bilībaną (“to remain”).

Ons bly in 'n dorpie by die see.

We live in a small village near the sea.

Hulle bly sit in die motor.

Dat die erwe van ons vadere, vir ons kinders erwe bly.

That the heritage of our fathers, for our children heritage remain.


bly

af-adj

bly (attributive blye, comparative blyer, superlative blyste)

blye (attributive)
blyer (comparative)
blyste (superlative)

From Dutch blij, from Middle Dutch blide, from Old Dutch *blīthi, from Proto-West Germanic *blīþī, from Proto-Germanic *blīþiz.

Ek is baie bly vir jou!


a cappella

Either from Dutch a capella or from English a cappella, ultimately from Italian alla cappella.


peer

From Dutch peer, from Middle Dutch pēre, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from Latin pirum.


trein

head

trein (plural treine, diminutive treintjie)

From Dutch trein, from Middle French train. Dutch borrowed the modern sense “train” from English train.


u

(formal) you (singular, subject and object)


Amsterdam

Amsterdam (the capital city of the Netherlands)

Amsterdam (a municipality of North Holland, Netherlands)


want

From Dutch want, from Middle Dutch want, from Old Dutch wanda, from Proto-Germanic *hwandê.


e

The name of the Latin-script letter E/e.


naam

From Dutch naam, from Middle Dutch name, from Old Dutch namo, from Proto-Germanic *namô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.


hart

From Dutch hart, from Middle Dutch herte, harte, from Old Dutch herta, from Proto-Germanic *hertô, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.


luik

From Dutch luik, from Middle Dutch luke.


Brussels

af-adj

Brussels (attributive Brusselse, not comparable)


mond

From Dutch mond, from Middle Dutch mont, from Old Dutch mund, from Proto-Germanic *munþaz.


vliegtuig

head

vliegtuig (plural vliegtuie, diminutive vliegtuigie)

vliegtuie (plural)
vliegtuigie (diminutive)

From Dutch vliegtuig. Equivalent to vlieg + tuig.


help

af-verb

help (present help, present participle helpende, past participle gehelp)

help (present)
helpende (participle present)
gehelp (participle past)

From Dutch helpen, from Middle Dutch helpen, from Old Dutch helpan, from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną.


bloed

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃tóm?
Proto-Germanic *blōþą
Proto-West Germanic *blōd
Old Dutch bluot
Middle Dutch bloet
Dutch bloed
Afrikaans bloed
From Dutch bloed, from Middle Dutch bloet, from Old Dutch bluot, from Proto-Germanic *blōþą.


wapen

head

wapen (plural wapens, diminutive wapentjie)

From Dutch wapen, from Middle Dutch wâpen, from Old Dutch wāpan, from Proto-West Germanic *wāpn, from Proto-Germanic *wēpną.


jag

af-verb

jag (present jag, present participle jagtende, past participle gejag)

jag (present)
jagtende (participle present)
gejag (participle past)


boek

From Dutch boek, from Middle Dutch boec, from Old Dutch buoc, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.


dame

head

dame (plural dames, diminutive dametjie)

From Dutch dame, from Middle Dutch dame, from Middle French dame, from Old French dame, from Latin domina.


ham

ham (plural hamme, diminutive hammetjie)

Inherited from Dutch ham, from Middle Dutch hamme, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *hammō, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”).

ham (cured pork from the thigh of a swine)


steen

steen (plural stene, diminutive steentjie)

→ Sotho: setene

→ Southern Ndebele: isitina

→ Zulu: isitini

Fanagalo: stin

From Dutch steen, from Middle Dutch stêen, from Old Dutch stēn, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.


elf

From Dutch elf, from Middle Dutch ellef, elf, from Old Dutch *ellef, from Proto-Germanic *ainalif.


Madrid

Inherited from Dutch Madrid, from Spanish Madrid.


appel

appel (plural appels, diminutive appeltjie)

→ Xhosa: i-apile

From Dutch appel, from Middle Dutch appel, from Old Dutch *appel, from Proto-West Germanic *applu, from Proto-Germanic *aplaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl.


rook

Inherited from Dutch rook (“smoke”), from Middle Dutch rôoc, from Old Dutch *rōk, from Proto-Germanic *raukiz.


rook

af-verb

rook (present rook, present participle rokende, past participle gerook)

rook (present)
rokende (participle present)
gerook (participle past)

Inherited from Dutch roken (“to smoke”).

(intransitive, transitive) to smoke (a tobacco product or surrogate)


chaos

From Dutch chaos, from Middle Dutch caos, from Latin chaos, from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos).


platinum

af-adj

platinum (attributive platinum, not comparable)


dag

From Dutch dag (“day”), from Middle Dutch dach, from Old Dutch dag, from Proto-Germanic *dagaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn, to be illuminated”). Cognate with German Tag.


dag

From Dutch dag, shortening of goedendag (“goodday; goodbye”), from goed (“goed, pleasant”) + dag (“day”).


dal

From Middle Dutch dal, from Old Dutch dal, from Proto-West Germanic *dal (“valley, dale”).


dam

From Dutch dam, from Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.


pers

af-adj

pers (attributive perse, comparative perser, superlative perste)

perse (attributive)
perser (comparative)
perste (superlative)

From an older variant of Dutch paars, from Middle Dutch paers, peers, pers (“purple”), from Middle French pers (“blue-grey, dark violet”), from Medieval Latin persus, persum (“dark blue”). Possibly derived from either Latin Persae (“Persians”), Persia (“Persia”), referring to the colour of a garment, or from Late Latin persica (“peach”), referring to the colour of peach blossom.


pers

af-verb

pers (present pers, present participle persende, past participle gepers)

pers (present)
persende (participle present)
gepers (participle past)

From Dutch persen, from Middle Dutch persen.


pers

From Dutch pers, from Middle Dutch perse.


dertien

From Dutch dertien, from Middle Dutch dertene, dertiene, from Old Dutch *thritēn, *thritien, from Proto-Germanic *þritehun.


veertien

From Dutch veertien, from Middle Dutch viertien, veertien, from Old Dutch *viurtēn, *viurtien, from Proto-Germanic *fedurtehun.


negentien

From Dutch negentien, from Middle Dutch neghentien, from Old Dutch *niguntēn, *niguntien, from Proto-Germanic *newuntehun.


twintig

From Dutch twintig, from Middle Dutch twintich, twintech, from Old Dutch *twēntig, from Proto-Germanic *twaintigaz, *twai tigiwiz.


twaalf

From Dutch twaalf, from Middle Dutch twelef, tweelf, also twalef, twaelf, from Old Dutch *twelif, *twalif, from Proto-Germanic *twalif.


orgaan

head

orgaan (plural organe, diminutive orgaantjie)

From Dutch orgaan, from Middle Dutch organe, from Latin organum, from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon).


drie

From Dutch drie, from Middle Dutch dri, drie, from Old Dutch *thrie, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


parlement

From Dutch parlement, from Middle Dutch parlement, from Old French parlement.


vat

af-verb

vat (present vat, present participle vattende, past participle gevat)

vat (present)
vattende (participle present)
gevat (participle past)


dy

From Dutch dij, from Middle Dutch die, from Old Dutch *thio, from Proto-Germanic *þeuhą.


tien

From Dutch tien, from Middle Dutch tien, from Old Dutch tēn, *tien, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.


lief

af-adj

lief (attributive liefe, comparative liefer, superlative liefste)

liefe (attributive)
liefer (comparative)
liefste (superlative)

From Dutch lief, from Middle Dutch lief, from Old Dutch *liof, from Proto-Germanic *leubaz, from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-.


lief

one's beloved in a romantic relationship, i.e. a boyfriend or girlfriend


twee

From Dutch twee, from Middle Dutch twee, twe, from Old Dutch twē, neuter form of twēne, from Proto-West Germanic *twai-, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


dok

af-verb

dok (present dok, present participle dokkende, past participle gedok)

dok (present)
dokkende (participle present)
gedok (participle past)


vier

From Dutch vier, from Middle Dutch vier, from Old Dutch viuwar, vier, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwṓr, the neuter form of *kʷetwóres.


das

From Dutch das, from Middle Dutch das, from Old Dutch *thas, from Proto-Germanic *þahsuz.


mus

From Dutch muts, from Middle Dutch mutse.


restaurant

head

restaurant (plural restaurante or restaurants, diminutive restaurantjie)

restaurante (plural)
restaurants (plural)
restaurantjie (diminutive)

From Dutch restaurant, from French restaurant.


ons

From Dutch ons, from Middle Dutch ons, from Old Dutch uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz.

Ons is ’n familie.


ons

From Dutch ons, inflected onze, from Middle Dutch onse, from Old Dutch *unsa, from Proto-Germanic *unseraz.


ons

From Dutch ons, from Middle Dutch unce, from Latin uncia.


Algiers

Algiers (the capital and largest city of Algeria)


Algiers

af-adj

Algiers (attributive Algierse, not comparable)

of, from, or pertaining to the Algerian city Algiers or its inhabitants


Johannesburg

Johannesburg (the capital city of Gauteng, South Africa)


koper

From Dutch koper, from Middle Dutch coper, ultimately from Latin cuprum.


Oslo

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)


Tunis

Tunis (The capital city, since 1159, and largest city of Tunisia)


Tirana

Tirana (a municipality, the capital and largest city of Albania, located in the center of the country west of the mountain of Dajti on the plain of Tirana; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality)


Jerusalem

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Manila

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines; regional capital of Metro Manila, in the island of Luzon)


Wellington

Wellington (a town in Western Cape, South Africa)

Wellington (the capital city of New Zealand)


papier

head

papier (plural papiere, diminutive papiertjie)

papiere (plural)
papiertjie (diminutive)

→ Kwanyama: ombapila


se

From Dutch zijn, z'n (“his, its”). An Afrikaans innovation is the use of se regardless of the number or gender of the possessor, which may be due to a merger with the Dutch genitive suffix -s as well as, perhaps, the adjective suffix -s, -sch.

Hierdie is my ouma se huis.

follows a noun to indicate that this noun possesses that which follows, much like English 's


es

From Dutch est, variant of eest, from Middle Dutch eeste (also este).


bang

af-adj

bang (attributive bange, comparative banger, superlative bangste)

bange (attributive)
banger (comparative)
bangste (superlative)

From Dutch bang (“afraid”), from Middle Dutch banghe.


Rome

Inherited from Dutch Rome, from Middle Dutch rome.

Rome (a city, the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; capital city of Italy; capital city of the region of Lazio).

Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)


Liechtensteiner

head

Liechtensteiner (plural Liechtensteiners, diminutive Liechtensteinertjie)

Liechtensteiners (plural)
Liechtensteinertjie (diminutive)

Liechtensteiner (a person from Liechtenstein or of Liechtenstein descent)


enkel

af-adj

enkel (attributive enkele, not comparable)

From Dutch enkel, from Middle Dutch enkel.


enkel

head

enkel (plural enkels, diminutive enkeltjie)

From Dutch enkel, from Middle Dutch enkel, ankel, from Old Dutch *enkal, *ankal, from Proto-Germanic *ankulaz.


bont

af-adj

bont (attributive bonte, comparative bonter, superlative bontste)

bonte (attributive)
bonter (comparative)
bontste (superlative)

motley, pied, especially in black-and-white


Nederlands

Nederlands (attributive Nederlandse, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Nederlands, equivalent to Nederland + -s.

(relational) of the Netherlands; Dutch, Netherlandish

(relational) of the Dutch language; Dutch


Israeli

head

Israeli (plural Israeli's, diminutive Israeli'tjie)

Israeli's (plural)
Israeli'tjie (diminutive)

Israeli (person from Israel or of Israeli descent)


Somali

Synonym of Somaliër (“Somali, person from Somalia”)


dassie

→ English: dassie

das + -ie.
diminutive of das (“badger; hyrax”).


brood

From Dutch brood, from Middle Dutch brôot, from Old Dutch *brōt, from Proto-Germanic *braudą.


kim

From Dutch kim, from Middle Dutch kimme.


sel

From Dutch cel, from Middle Dutch celle, from Latin cella.

cell (small room, especially in a jail or prison)


dons

From Dutch dons, from Middle Dutch donst.

Down, small bird feathers used as insulation material.


wat

From Dutch wat, from Middle Dutch wat, from Old Dutch wat, from Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷód, *kʷod.

Wat het julle gedrink?

die man wat hier woon

die huis wat ons gebou het

(relative, personal and non-personal, subject and object) who, whom, which, that

personal and non-personal; subject and object; personal and non-personal; subject and object

die meisie wat ek mee gedans het

die maatskappy wat ek voor gewerk het

(relative, personal and non-personal, with preposition stranding) who, which, that

die land wat se president afgetree het

the country whose president stepped down

(relative, non-personal, before se) whose, of which


hamer

hamer (plural hamers, diminutive hamertjie)

From Dutch hamer, from Middle Dutch hāmer, from Old Dutch *hamar, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz.

a hammer in the firing mechanism of a firearm

(sports) a hammer; heavy ball on a length of wire, used for throwing

(music) a hammer; part of a piano, dulcimer and similar instruments which strikes the string

(anatomy) hammer, malleus; largest ossicle in the middle ear


hamer

af-verb

hamer (present hamer, present participle hamerende, past participle gehamer)

hamer (present)
hamerende (participle present)
gehamer (participle past)


Vaduz

Vaduz (a town and municipality, the capital of Liechtenstein)


baba

baba (present baba, present participle babaende, past participle gebaba)

baba (present)
babaende (participle present)
gebaba (participle past)


staat

staat (present staat, present participle staande, past participle gestaat)

staat (present)
staande (participle present)
gestaat (participle past)

From Dutch staat, third-person singular present of staan, whence Afrikaans staan.

(Cape Afrikaans) Alternative form of staan


Duits

af-adj

Duits (attributive Duitse, not comparable)

From Dutch Duits, from Middle Dutch duutsch, a Northern variant of dietsch, both from Old Dutch *thiudisc, from Proto-West Germanic *þiudisk, from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz, from *þeudō (“people, nation”), from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂ (“people”).

German (of, from, or pertaining to Germany, the German people or the German language)


Skopje

Skopje (the capital city of North Macedonia)


dis

Contraction of dit is (this's, that's, it's)


los

af-verb

los (present los, present participle losende, past participle gelos)

los (present)
losende (participle present)
gelos (participle past)


dans

dans (present dans, present participle dans, past participle gedans)

dans (present)
dans (participle present)
gedans (participle past)

Sal jy met my dans?

2016, “Sal Jy Met My Dans”, in Sal Jy Met My Dans?, performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa:


bar

head

bar (attributive barre, comparative barder, superlative barste)

barre (attributive)
barder (comparative)
barste (superlative)


aal

From Dutch aal, from Middle Dutch âel, from Old Dutch *āl, from Proto-Germanic *ēlaz.

Ale het wye koppe.

Anguilla anguilla
Anguilla anguilla#Translingual


mug

→ English: muggie

From Dutch mug, from Middle Dutch mugge.

(chiefly diminutive) mosquito (insect, elongated fly)


blad

blad (plural blaaie, diminutive blaadjie)


saal

From Dutch zaal, from Middle Dutch sale, from Old Dutch sala.

Die museum beskik oor drie sale.


saal

From dialectal Dutch zaal, from zadel with loss of intervocalic -d-, from Middle Dutch sadel, from Old Dutch *sadul, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz.

Baie ou volke het geen saals gebruik nie.

Many ancient peoples did not use saddles.


Phnom Penh

Phnom Penh (the capital city of Cambodia)


paar

af-verb

paar (present paar, present participle parende, past participle gepaar)

paar (present)
parende (participle present)
gepaar (participle past)


kleur

head

kleur (plural kleure, diminutive kleurtjie)

From Dutch kleur, from late Middle Dutch coleur, from French couleur, from Latin color.


kleur

af-verb

kleur (present kleur, present participle kleurende, past participle gekleur)

kleur (present)
kleurende (participle present)
gekleur (participle past)

(photography, cinematography) to colorize, to colourise


jy

From Dutch jij (which see), from Middle Dutch ji, northern form of gi.

Sal jy met my dans?


wen

wen (present wen, present participle wennende, past participle gewen)

wen (present)
wennende (participle present)
gewen (participle past)

From Dutch winnen, from Middle Dutch winnen, from Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).


steel

af-verb

steel (present steel, present participle stelende, past participle gesteel)

steel (present)
stelende (participle present)
gesteel (participle past)

From Dutch stelen, from Middle Dutch stelen.


vy

Backformation from vye, plural of vyg, from Dutch vijg.


lip

From Dutch lip, from Middle Dutch leppe, with influence of Middle Low German lippe, from Old Dutch leppa, from Proto-West Germanic *lippjō.

Die slang het in my lip gebyt!


nee

From Dutch nee, from Middle Dutch neen, nee, from Old Dutch *nēn.


vir

From Dutch voor (“for; before”) or rather the dialectal variant veur (compare deur with Dutch door). The Afrikaans distinction between vir (“for”) and voor (“before”) may have been influenced by corresponding German für and vor.

Dit is vir jou!

Sy roep vir haar sussie.

Amen, sê ek vir julle.

Die ou man het gesein vir die motorbestuurder.

The old man signalled to the car driver.

Used to indicate the addressee of a communicative act.

Die vrou moer vir die inbreker toe met 'n hamer.

The woman then whacked the burglar with a hammer.


ink

ink (present ink, present participle inkende, past participle geïnk)

ink (present)
inkende (participle present)
geïnk (participle past)


wag

From Dutch wacht, from Middle Dutch wachte, from Old Dutch wahta (“watch, sentry, guard”), from Proto-Germanic *wahtwō (“watch, vigil”).


wag

af-verb

wag (present wag, present participle wagtende, past participle gewag)

wag (present)
wagtende (participle present)
gewag (participle past)

From Dutch wachten, from Middle Dutch wachten (“to watch, guard, keep watch, wait”), from Old Dutch *wahton, derived from wahta.


rand

From Dutch rand, from Middle Dutch rant, from Old Dutch *rant, from Proto-Germanic *randaz.


nie

From Dutch niet, nie, from Middle Dutch niwet, niet, from Old Dutch *niowiht, niewiht.

Hy kan nie Afrikaans praat nie.
He can't speak Afrikaans.


beet

From Dutch beet, variant of biet, from Middle Dutch bete, from Latin bēta.


berg

→ English: berg


berg

af-verb

berg (present berg, present participle bergende, past participle geberg)

berg (present)
bergende (participle present)
geberg (participle past)


land

From Dutch land, from Old Dutch lant, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).


vos

From Dutch vos, from Middle Dutch vos, from Old Dutch fus, vus, from Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz.


wit

af-adj

wit (attributive wit, comparative witter, superlative witste)

wit (attributive)
witter (comparative)
witste (superlative)

From Dutch wit, from Middle Dutch wit, from Old Dutch *wit, from Proto-Germanic *hwittaz.


huil

af-verb

huil (present huil, present participle huilende, past participle gehuil)

huil (present)
huilende (participle present)
gehuil (participle past)


neus

From Dutch neus, from Middle Dutch nose, nuese, from Old Dutch *nosa, from Proto-West Germanic *nosu.


gaat

gaat (present gaat, present participle gaande, past participle gegaat)

gaat (present)
gaande (participle present)
gegaat (participle past)

From Dutch gaat, third-person singular present of gaan, whence Afrikaans gaan.

(Cape Afrikaans) Alternative form of gaan


eend

From Dutch eend, from Middle Dutch ent, eent, from Old Dutch ened, from Proto-Germanic *anadz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂t-.


oom

From Dutch oom, from Middle Dutch oom, from Old Dutch *ōm, from Proto-Germanic *awahaimaz (“maternal uncle”).


riet

From Dutch riet, from Middle Dutch riet, from Old Dutch riet, ried, *riod, from Proto-West Germanic *hreud (“reed”).


eet

af-verb

eet (present eet, present participle etend, past participle geëet)

eet (present)
etend (participle present)
geëet (participle past)


duur

af-adj

duur (attributive dure, comparative duurder, superlative duurste)

dure (attributive)
duurder (comparative)
duurste (superlative)

→ Fwe: dùrà

→ Kalanga: tura

→ Shona: -dhura

→ Chichewa: -dula

→ Xhosa: -duru


haas

From Dutch haas, from Middle Dutch hāse, from Old Dutch *haso, from Proto-Germanic *hasô.


oog

From Dutch oog, from Middle Dutch oge, from Old Dutch ōga, ouga, from Proto-Germanic *augô, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”).


kaas

→ Sotho: kase

→ Tswana: kase

From Dutch kaas, from Middle Dutch câse, from Old Dutch *kāsi, from Proto-West Germanic *kāsī, borrowed from Latin cāseus.


mik

af-verb

mik (present mik, present participle mikkende, past participle gemik)

mik (present)
mikkende (participle present)
gemik (participle past)

From Dutch mikken, from Middle Dutch micken, from Old Dutch *mikken, from Proto-Germanic *mikjaną.

1980, "Herinneringe van Genl Christiaan Ludolph de Wet du Toit DSO.", part 1, Militaria, vol. 10, issue 2, page 18.
Eensklaps tref 'n kartets die grond langs ons, vermoedelik gemik na die pantserkar voor.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(intransitive, transitive) to aim, to target


mik

Die pophuis in die een hoek was LizeMari se geskenk op haar sesde verjaarsdag, en die boomhuis in die groot mik van die akkerboom het hy vir hulle gebou toe Kara hoërskool toe is.

2016, Alma Carstens, Ver anderkant Wiesenhof:

Sy, wat 'n paar uur tevore in die nag nog met 'n gulsige, nat mond oor haar bene en tot in haar mik gesoen het.

1997, Johann de Lange, editor, Soort soek soort. 'n Versameling alternatiewe ervarings, page 127:


reus

From Dutch reus, from Middle Dutch ruese, from Old Dutch *riso, *risi, from Proto-Germanic *risiz (“giant”).


ook

From Dutch ook, from Middle Dutch ôoc, from Old Dutch ōk, ouk, from Proto-West Germanic *auk, from Proto-Germanic *auk.


oor

From Dutch oor (“ear”), from Middle Dutch ore, from Old Dutch ōra, from the voiced Verner alternant of Proto-Germanic *ausô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows-.


oor

From Dutch over, from Middle Dutch over, from Old Dutch *ovar, from Proto-Germanic *uber, from Proto-Indo-European *upér, from *upo.


jas

→ Lozi: jansi

→ Yeyi: újànsí

→ Southern Ndebele: ijasi

→ Swazi: lijazi

→ Xhosa: idyasi

→ Zulu: ijazi


baas

→ English: baas

Inherited from Dutch baas (“boss”), from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-West Germanic *baswō, from Proto-Germanic *baswô.


heilig

af-adj

heilig (attributive heilige, comparative heiliger, superlative heiligste)

heilige (attributive)
heiliger (comparative)
heiligste (superlative)

From Dutch heilig, from Middle Dutch heilich, from Old Dutch heilig, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz. Equivalent to heil (“salvation”) + -ig (“-y”).


heilig

af-verb

heilig (present heilig, present participle heiligende, past participle geheilig)

heilig (present)
heiligende (participle present)
geheilig (participle past)

From Dutch heiligen, from Middle Dutch heiligen, from Old Dutch *hēlagon, *heiligon, from Proto-Germanic *hailagōną.

Laat u naam geheilig word.


weg

From Dutch weg, from Middle Dutch wech, from Old Dutch weh, weg, from Proto-Germanic *wegaz, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-.


boor

From Dutch boor, from Middle Dutch bore.


boor

boor (present boor, present participle borende, past participle geboor)

boor (present)
borende (participle present)
geboor (participle past)


kom

kom (present kom, present participle komende, past participle gekom)

kom (present)
komende (participle present)
gekom (participle past)


kom

head

kom (plural komme, diminutive kommetjie)

→ Swazi: inkomishi

→ Zulu: inkomishi

Fanagalo: lo kom

From Dutch kom, from Middle Dutch comme.


voor

From Dutch voor, from Middle Dutch vore, voor, from Old Dutch fora, fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai.


voor

From Dutch voor, from Proto-Germanic *furhs.


leer

af-verb

leer (present leer, present participle lerende, past participle geleer)

leer (present)
lerende (participle present)
geleer (participle past)

From Dutch leren, from Middle Dutch lêren, from Old Dutch lēren, from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną.


leer

From Dutch leer, from Middle Dutch lêre, from Old Dutch lēra, from Proto-Germanic *laizō.


leer

From Dutch leer, from older leder, from Middle Dutch lēder, from Old Dutch *lether, from Proto-Germanic *leþrą.


leer

→ Sotho: lere

→ Xhosa: ileli

From Dutch leer (dialectal synonym of ladder), from Middle Dutch leer.


moor

moor (present moor, present participle moordende, past participle gemoor)

moor (present)
moordende (participle present)
gemoor (participle past)

From Dutch moorden, from Middle Dutch morden.


tik

tik (present tik, present participle tikkende, past participle getik)

tik (present)
tikkende (participle present)
getik (participle past)

(Cape Afrikaans, intransitive) to use crystal meth


tik

(Cape Afrikaans, uncountable) crystal meth


dik

af-adj

dik (attributive dik, comparative dikker, superlative dikste)

dik (attributive)
dikker (comparative)
dikste (superlative)

From Dutch dik, from Middle Dutch dicke, from Old Dutch *thikki, from Proto-Germanic *þekuz.

dense, viscous or thick when referring to a liquid or gaseous mass, such as mist


ja

→ English: ja

→ Portuguese: iá


stol

af-verb

stol (present stol, present participle stollende, past participle gestol)

stol (present)
stollende (participle present)
gestol (participle past)

(intransitive) to solidify, to congeal, to coagulate


bos

From Dutch bos, from Middle Dutch bosch, busch, from Old Dutch *busc, from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.

Hy het vir my 'n bossie blomme gegee.


bom

head

bom (plural bomme, diminutive bommetjie)

(figurative) bombshell (something sensational, amazing or controversial)


adder

adder (plural adders, diminutive addertjie)

From Dutch adder, from Middle Dutch adder, adre, misdivison of nadder, nadre, from Old Dutch *nadra, from Proto-Germanic *nadrǭ.


meerkat

desctree

→ English: meerkat, meercat, mierkat
→ Japanese: ミーアキャット (mīakyatto)
→ Korean: 미어캣 (mieokaet)
→ Thai: เมียร์แคต (miia-kɛ́t)

From Dutch meerkat (“guenon”), from Middle Dutch meercatte.


bok

→ Xhosa: ibhokhwe

From Dutch bok (“buck, male goat”), from Middle Dutch boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.


bok

af-adj

bok (attributive bokke, comparative bokker, superlative bokste)

bokke (attributive)
bokker (comparative)
bokste (superlative)


belus

belus (attributive beluste, not comparable)

From Dutch belust. Equivalent to be- + lus.

eager, desiring, craving [with op ‘for, to’]


tor

From Dutch tor, from Middle Dutch torre. Compare the probably cognate Germanic etymology of English dor.


ken

From Dutch kin, from Middle Dutch kinne, from Old Dutch kinni, from Proto-Germanic *kinnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus.


ken

af-verb

ken (present ken, present participle kennende, past participle geken)

ken (present)
kennende (participle present)
geken (participle past)

(transitive) To know (a person, a thing), be acquainted with


mos

From Dutch mos, from Proto-Germanic *musą.


mos

must (unfermented or partially fermented grape juice)


trap

head

trap (plural trappe, diminutive trappie)


nou

af-adj

nou (attributive noue, comparative nouer, superlative nouste)

noue (attributive)
nouer (comparative)
nouste (superlative)

From Dutch nauw, from Middle Dutch nauwe, from Proto-Germanic *hnawwaz.


nou

From Dutch nou, from Middle Dutch nou, variant of nu.


apart

apart (attributive aparte, comparative aparter, superlative apartste)

aparte (attributive)
aparter (comparative)
apartste (superlative)

From Dutch apart, from Middle French a part.


Griek

head

Griek (plural Grieke, diminutive Griekie)

Greek (person from Greece or of Greek descent)


Duitser

Duitser (plural Duitsers, diminutive Duitsertjie)

Duitsers (plural)
Duitsertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch Duitser, equivalent to Duits + -er.

German (person from Germay or of German descent)


Bloemfontein

From Dutch Bloemfontein; equivalent to blom + fontein.

Bloemfontein (the judicial capital of South Africa)


aarde

aarde (plural aardes, diminutive aardetjie)

From Dutch aarde, from Middle Dutch āerde, from Old Dutch ertha, from Proto-Germanic *erþō.

Die sterre van sij stelsel het miskien ook eenmaal gebrand en hulle eie lig uitgegee, maar vandag is hulle morsdood en koud, net soos ons ou aarde.

1917, Christiaan Louis Leipoldt, Praatjies met die Kinders, page 115:

The stars of its system have perhaps once burned and emitted their own light as well, but today they are stone-dead and cold, just like our old Earth.

Koning Leeu belê 'n groot bosberaad, en hulle besluit eenparig om al die riviere op te dam sodat die water oor die aarde stoot en die ganse mensgeslag verdrink.

1990, Tydskrif vir volkskunde en volkstaal, page 6:

King Lion convokes a large forest council, and they decide unanimously to dam all the rivers so that the water crashes over the Earth and the entire human race drowns.

Veral in die dae van Mundt, die vooruitstrewende boer wat twee tuiniers uit Duitsland ingevoer het, is die vrugteboord oor 'n groot lap aarde uitgebrei.

1976, Tydskrif vir volkskunde en volkstaal, volume 32, page 11:

In the days of Mundt in particular, that forward-thinking farmer who brought two market-gardeners from Germany over, the orchard expanded over a large tract of ground.


groen

af-adj

groen (attributive groen, comparative groener, superlative groenste)

groen (attributive)
groener (comparative)
groenste (superlative)

From Dutch groen, from Middle Dutch groene, from Old Dutch *gruoni, from Proto-West Germanic *grōnī, from Proto-Germanic *grōniz.


Japans

Japans (attributive Japanse, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Japans, equivalent to Japan + -s.

Japanese (of, from, or pertaining to Japan, the Japanese people or the Japanese language)


Italiaans

Italiaans (attributive Italiaanse, not comparable)

Italian (of, from, or pertaining to Italy, the Italian people or the Italian language)


slaan

af-verb

slaan (present slaan, present participle slaande, past participle geslaan)

slaan (present)
slaande (participle present)
geslaan (participle past)


Spaans

af-adj

Spaans (attributive Spaanse, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch Spaans, equivalent to Spanje + -s

Spanish (of, from, or pertaining to Spain, the Spanish people or the Spanish language)


deur

head

deur (plural deure, diminutive deurtjie)

From Dutch deur, from Middle Dutch dōre, duere, from Old Dutch duri, from Proto-Germanic *durz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-.


deur

From Dutch door, from Middle Dutch dōre, from Old Dutch thuro, from Proto-Germanic *þurhw.


Engels

af-adj

Engels (attributive Engelse, not comparable)


dier

From Dutch dier, from Middle Dutch dier, from Old Dutch *dior, from Proto-West Germanic *deuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *deuzą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewsóm.


stuk

head

stuk (plural stukke, diminutive stukkie)


massa

From Dutch massa, from Middle Dutch masse, from Old French masse, from Latin massa, from Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza).


lok

af-verb

lok (present lok, present participle lokkende, past participle gelok)

lok (present)
lokkende (participle present)
gelok (participle past)

From Dutch lokken, from Middle Dutch locken, from Old Dutch loccon, from Proto-Germanic *lukkōną.


lok

From Dutch lok, from Middle Dutch locke.


tee

From Dutch thee (in the past commonly spelled tee).

Kom ons gaan drink tee.


bier

head

bier (plural biere, diminutive biertjie)

From Dutch bier, from Middle Dutch bier, from Old Dutch bier, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross”).

beer (alcoholic drink brewed from grains or other starch material)


film

From Dutch film, from English film, or borrowed from English film.


eg

af-adj

eg (attributive egte, comparative egter, superlative egste)

egte (attributive)
egter (comparative)
egste (superlative)


eg

Potjiekos is 'n verwysing na 'n eg Suid-Afrikaanse kooktegniek

Emphasizes the authenticity of the modified adjective


eg

af-verb

eg (present eg, present participle eggende, past participle geëg)

eg (present)
eggende (participle present)
geëg (participle past)

to harrow; to work the land with a harrow


Bratislava

Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia)


hobo

head

hobo (plural hobo's, diminutive hobootjie)


tier

From a dialectal form or pronunciation of Dutch tijger, from Middle Dutch tiger.


George

Named after George III of the United Kingdom.

named-after

George (a city in Western Cape, South Africa)


outa

Said to be a blend of Afrikaans oud (“old”) and Sotho ntate (“father”).


wie

Wie het jou gesien?

(Vir) wie het jy gesien?

(interrogative, personal) who, whom (object use predominantly with vir)

die man met wie ek gespreek het

(relative, personal, after prepositions) whom

die man wie se vrou dood is


Bern

Bern (the capital city of Switzerland; capital city of Bern canton)


pap

→ Sotho: papa

→ Zulu: í-pápa

From Dutch pap, from Middle Dutch pappe.


ek

From Dutch ik, from Middle Dutch ic, from Old Dutch ik, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂om (“I”).

Hy het na my geskop, maar ek het dit verwag en het vinnig my been gelig en dwars gedraai.

1976, Tydskrif vir Letterkunde, page 19:

He kicked towards me, but I expected this and quickly lifted my leg and turned it sidewards.

1994, in Annemarié Van Niekerk, Vrouevertellers. 1843-1993, Tafelberg-Uitgewers (publ.), page 308.
"[…] Ek is jou vader. Ek sal jou doodslaan as jy nie luister nie!"

" […] I am your father. I shall beat you to death if you do not listen!"

2011, Kashiefa, Sedick, Zakeer & Sedeeqa Jacobs, "Die pad is toe", in No Land! No House! No Vote! Voices from Symphony Way, Pambazuka Press (publ.), page 132.
Ek het nog nooit 'n huis gehad nie, my ouers het ook nog nooit een besit nie

I have never owned a house, my parents also have never possessed one either.


tong

From Dutch tong, from Middle Dutch tonge, from Old Dutch tunga, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.


kamer

head

kamer (plural kamers, diminutive kamertjie)

From Dutch kamer, from Middle Dutch cāmere (“room, barn, house”), from Old Dutch *kamara, from Latin camera (“room, vault”), from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára, “vaulted chamber”).


rok

→ Sotho: roko

→ Xhosa: ilokhwe

From Dutch rok, from Middle Dutch roc, from Old Dutch rok, from Proto-Germanic *rukkaz.


patron

(uncommon) patron; wealthy person who supports an artist, craftsman, a scholar, etc.

(uncommon, Roman Catholicism) patron saint


gaan

af-verb

gaan (present gaan, present participle gaande, past participle gegaan)

gaan (present)
gaande (participle present)
gegaan (participle past)

From Dutch gaan, from Middle Dutch gâen, from Old Dutch gān, from a fusion of Proto-Germanic *gāną and *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-, *ǵʰengʰ-.

Used to express the future tense, often while implying nearness in time or certainty, like English going to.


beef

beef (present beef, present participle bewende, past participle gebeef)

beef (present)
bewende (participle present)
gebeef (participle past)


golem

bor

גולם \ גֹּלֶם

(mythology) golem; a creature made from mud and clay and brought to life through magic


wonder

head

wonder (plural wondere or wonders, diminutive wondertjie)

wondere (plural)
wonders (plural)
wondertjie (diminutive)


wonder

af-verb

wonder (present wonder, present participle wonderende, past participle gewonder)

wonder (present)
wonderende (participle present)
gewonder (participle past)

Formally from Dutch wonderen (“to surprise, take aback”). The intransitive construction has certain antetypes in older Dutch and could also have developed in Afrikaans on its own, but at least the weakening of the sense must be influenced by English wonder.

inh

Ek het gewonder wat ek moet sê.

to wonder (be uncertain, ponder, ask oneself)


sorg

af-verb

sorg (present sorg, present participle sorgende, past participle gesorg)

sorg (present)
sorgende (participle present)
gesorg (participle past)


Armeens

af-adj

Armeens (attributive Armeense, not comparable)

Armenian (of, from, or pertaining to Armenia, the Armenian people, the Armenian language or the Armenian alphabet)


Armeens

Armenian (the language spoken by the Armenian people)


veg

af-verb

veg (present veg, present participle vegtende, past participle geveg)

veg (present)
vegtende (participle present)
geveg (participle past)

From Dutch vechten, from Middle Dutch vechten, from Old Dutch fehtan, from Proto-Germanic *fehtaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peḱ-.


seis

From Dutch zeis, from Middle Dutch seise, from older seisene, from Proto-West Germanic *segisnu.


hol

head

hol (plural holle, diminutive holletjie)

From Dutch hol, from Middle Dutch hol, from Old Dutch *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą.


hol

af-adj

hol (attributive hol, comparative holler, superlative holste)

hol (attributive)
holler (comparative)
holste (superlative)


solder

head

solder (plural solders, diminutive soldertjie)

solders (plural)
soldertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch zolder, from Middle Dutch solre, solder, from Old Dutch *solari, *soleri, from Latin sōlārium.


limousine

Borrowed from French limousine or English limousine.


Maleis

af-adj

Maleis (attributive Maleise, not comparable)

From Dutch Maleis, from obsolete Malei + -s, from Malay Melayu.

Malay, Malayan (of, from, or pertaining to Malaya, the Malay people or the Malay language)

Malaysian (of, from, or pertaining to Malaysia, the Malaysian people, especially those of Malay descent, or the Malay language)


trou

af-verb

trou (present trou, present participle trouende, past participle getrou)

trou (present)
trouende (participle present)
getrou (participle past)

From Dutch trouwen (similar root to Engl. "troth").


formule

head

formule (plural formules, diminutive formuletjie)

formules (plural)
formuletjie (diminutive)

From Dutch formule, from Middle French formule, from Latin fōrmula.


lis

From Dutch list, from Middle Dutch list, from Old Dutch list, from Proto-Germanic *listiz.


brand

brand (plural brande, diminutive brandjie)

From Dutch brand, from Middle Dutch brant, from Old Dutch *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz.

Daar was 'n vreeslike brand in die wildtuin.

There was a horrible fire in the nature reserve.

destructive, catastrophic fire (such as a house fire)


brand

af-verb

brand (present brand, present participle brandende, past participle gebrand)

brand (present)
brandende (participle present)
gebrand (participle past)

From Dutch branden, from Middle Dutch branden.

Die kerse brand so pragtig, dis sprokiesagtig!

The candles burn so gorgeously, it's picturesque!

Die kleuter het 'n gat in my tafelkleed gebrand.

That toddler has burnt a hole in my tablecloth.


sebra

From Dutch zebra, from Portuguese zebra, from Old Galician-Portuguese enzebro, ezebra, azebra (“wild ass”), from earlier cebrario (882), ezebrario (897), from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”).


mes

→ Zulu: umese

Fanagalo: mes (or directly)

From Dutch mes, from Middle Dutch mets, mes, contraction of *metses, from Old Dutch *metisas, *metsas, from Proto-West Germanic *matisahs (“food knife”).


les

From Dutch les (“lesson”), from Middle Dutch lesse, from Latin lēctiō.


mag

From Dutch mogen, from Middle Dutch mogen, from Old Dutch mugan, from Proto-Germanic *maganą, from Proto-Indo-European *magʰ-, *megʰ-.


mag

From Dutch macht, from Middle Dutch macht, from Old Dutch *maht, from Proto-Germanic *mahtiz, from Proto-Indo-European *mógʰtis.


mier

From Dutch mier, from Middle Dutch miere, from Old Dutch *miuri, from Proto-Germanic *miurijǭ.


springbok

→ English: springbok

From Dutch springbok, equivalent to spring + bok.


klipspringer

→ English: klipspringer

From Dutch klipspringer. By surface analysis, klip (“rock”) + springer (“jumper”).


kamera

From Dutch camera, from New Latin camera obscura (“dark chamber”), from Latin camera.


biltong

→ English: biltong

→ Dutch: biltong

→ German: Biltong

From bil (“hindquarter”) + tong (“tongue”).


reis

From Dutch reis, from Middle Dutch rêse, reise, from Old Dutch *rēsa, from Proto-West Germanic *raisu.


veertig

/ˈfɪə̯r.təχ/

From Dutch veertig, from Middle Dutch viertich, vēertich, from Old Dutch *viertig, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr tigiwiz.


hoof

From Dutch hoofd, Middle Dutch hovet, from Old Dutch hōvit, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą. Doublet of sjef.


val

af-verb

val (present val, present participle vallende, past participle geval)

val (present)
vallende (participle present)
geval (participle past)


lank

af-adj

lank (attributive lang, comparative langer, superlative langste)

lang (attributive)
langer (comparative)
langste (superlative)

From a dialectal pronunciation of Dutch lang, from Middle Dutch lanc, from Proto-Germanic *langaz. Compare jonk.


park

From Dutch park, from Middle Dutch parc, from Old Dutch *parruk, from Proto-Germanic *parrukaz (“enclosure, fence”).


bandana

From English bandana, borrowed from Hindi बन्धन (bandhan, “he ties”), from Sanskrit बध्नाति (badhnāti, “he binds”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind, bond”).


keel

From Dutch keel, from Middle Dutch kēle, from Old Dutch kela, from Proto-Germanic *kelǭ.


mar

(colloquial, dialectal) Alternative form of maar


snorkel

Borrowed from English snorkel, from German Schnorchel.

A snorkel (swimming gear, breathing tube).


snorkel

af-verb

snorkel (present snorkel, present participle snorkelende, past participle gesnorkel)

snorkel (present)
snorkelende (participle present)
gesnorkel (participle past)

to snorkel (to dive using a breathing tube)


kuit

From Dutch kuit, from Middle Dutch cute.


tot

From Dutch tot, from Middle Dutch tot, tōte, from Old Dutch tote, toti (“to, until”).


wees

wees (present is, present participle synde, past was, past participle gewees)

is (present)
synde (participle present)
was (past)
gewees (participle past)
wees (infinitive)
is (indicative present)
was (indicative past)
sy (present subjunctive)
ware (past subjunctive)
synde (participle present)
gewees (participle past)

From Dutch wezen, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną. See Dutch zijn.

Ek was gister dronk gewees.

Hy kon al 'n dokter gewees het.


reg

af-adj

reg (attributive regte, comparative regter, superlative regste)

regte (attributive)
regter (comparative)
regste (superlative)

From Dutch recht, from Middle Dutch recht, from Old Dutch reht, from Proto-Germanic *rehtaz (adjective) and *rehtą (noun), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵtós.


strand

head

strand (plural strande, diminutive strandjie)

From Dutch strand, from Middle Dutch strant.


lei

af-verb

lei (present lei, present participle leidende or leiende, past participle gelei)

lei (present)
leidende (participle present)
leiende (participle present)
gelei (participle past)

From Dutch leiden, from Middle Dutch leiden, from Old Dutch leiden, from Proto-Germanic *laidijaną.


lei

From Dutch lei, from Middle Dutch leye, probably from Celtic and ultimately from a substrate language.


hemp

→ Fanagalo: hemp

→ Northern Sotho: hempe

→ Phuthi: ihhempe

→ Shona: hembe

→ Sotho: hempe

→ Southern Ndebele: irhembe

→ Tswana: hêmpê

→ Venda: hemmbe

→ Xhosa: ihempe

→ Zulu: ihembe

From Dutch hemd (“shirt”), from Middle Dutch hemde, hemede, from Old Dutch *hemithi, from Proto-Germanic *hamiþiją. Cognate with German Hemd, Yiddish העמד (hemd).

Hy was haar hemp terwyl hy saggies fluit.

He is washing her shirt while he's whistling softly.


dapper

af-adj

dapper (attributive dapper, comparative dapperder, superlative dapperste)

dapper (attributive)
dapperder (comparative)
dapperste (superlative)

From Dutch dapper, from Middle Dutch dapper, from Old Dutch *dappar, from Proto-Germanic *dapraz.


doen

af-verb

doen (present doen, present participle doenende, past participle gedoen)

doen (present)
doenende (participle present)
gedoen (participle past)

From Dutch doen, from Middle Dutch doen, from Old Dutch duon, from Proto-Germanic *dōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-.


kloof

From Dutch kloof, from Middle Dutch clove.


kloof

kloof (present kloof, present participle klowende, past participle gekloof)

kloof (present)
klowende (participle present)
gekloof (participle past)


Estland

Estonia (a country in Northern Europe; capital: Tallinn)


-s

dien + -s → diens

appended to the stem of a verb, this suffix yields a verbal noun


-s

Inherited from Dutch -s (a suffix for forming plurals).

redakteur + -s → redakteurs

Used to form regular plurals of nouns that end in certain suffixes or syllables, such as -el, -er, -en, -em, -eur, -aar, -aard, diminutive -ie, etc.

ateljee + -s → ateljees

Used to form irregular plurals of many other nouns, chiefly of foreign origin.


-s

Inherited from Dutch -s, from the genitive case of Dutch masculine and neuter nouns and adjectives, Middle Dutch -s, -es, from Old Dutch -es, -is, from Proto-Germanic *-as, *-is.

nuut → iets nuuts

groot → niks groots nie

Used to form the partitive form of the adjective


-s

Inherited from Dutch -s, from earlier -sch, from Middle Dutch -sch, from Old Dutch -isc, from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.

winter (“winter”) + -s → winters (“wintery”)

spel (“game”) + -s → speels (“playful”)

Used to form adjectives of characteristic from nouns.

Engeland (“England”) + -s → Engels (“English”)

Finland (“Finland”) + -s → Fins (“Finnish”)

Used to form adjectives or language names from place names.


lag

lag (present lag, present participle laggende, past participle gelag)

lag (present)
laggende (participle present)
gelag (participle past)


amp

From Dutch ambt, from Middle Dutch ampt, from Middle High German ambet, ambt (whence modern German Amt), from Old High German ambahti, from Proto-Germanic *ambahtaz, from Gaulish ambaxtos, from Proto-Celtic *ambaxtos.

An official position, a function, an office, a post.


wild

af-adj

wild (attributive wilde, comparative wilder, superlative wildste)

wilde (attributive)
wilder (comparative)
wildste (superlative)

From Dutch wild, from Middle Dutch wilt, from Old Dutch *wildi, from Proto-Germanic *wilþijaz.


eland

→ English: eland

From Dutch eland (“elk, moose; eland”), from Middle Dutch elant (“elk, moose”), from obsolete German elen, elend, from Middle High German elen, from Old High German elent.

common eland, eland antilope, Taurotragus oryx


gee

af-verb

gee (present gee, present participle gewende, past participle gegee)

gee (present)
gewende (participle present)
gegee (participle past)

Ek gee op!


doer

Hulle gesels daar doer.

Doer, anderkant die berge!

Far away, on the other side of the mountains!


emmer

head

emmer (plural emmers, diminutive emmertjie)

→ Fwe: mà-hèmêrè (via Lozi)

→ Xhosa: i-emele

→ Yeyi: ìhèmérè

From Dutch emmer, from Middle Dutch ember, from Old Dutch ēmer, from Proto-West Germanic *ambrī.


dor

af-adj

dor (attributive dorre, comparative dorder, superlative dorste)

dorre (attributive)
dorder (comparative)
dorste (superlative)

dry, wilted (having a relatively low or no liquid content)


pomp

→ Kwanyama: opomba

From Dutch pomp, from Middle Dutch pompe.


sop

From Dutch sop, from Middle Dutch sop (“soup”), from Old Dutch *sop, from Proto-Germanic *suppą.


pion

head

pion (plural pionne, diminutive pionnetjie)

From Dutch pion, from French pion, from Middle French pion, from Old French peon, from Late Latin pedō.

(chess) pawn; least valuable piece in chess

a pawn; a person who has no control over their lot, usually manipulated by others to some end


vis

From Dutch vis, from Middle Dutch visch, from Old Dutch fisc, from Proto-West Germanic *fisk, from Proto-Germanic *fiskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.

(collective) fish (multiple fish collectively)


geld

→ Sotho: tjhelete

→ Venda: tshelede

From Dutch geld (“money”), from Middle Dutch gelt, from Old Dutch geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą, cognate with German Geld (“money”), Old Norse gjald (“payment”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳 (gild, “tribute”).


pas

die paswette tydens die apartheidsjare

the pass laws during the years of apartheid


blind

af-adj

blind (attributive blinde, comparative blinder, superlative blindste)

blinde (attributive)
blinder (comparative)
blindste (superlative)

From Dutch blind, from Middle Dutch blint, from Old Dutch *blint, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.


ree

From Dutch ree, from Middle Dutch ree, from Old Dutch rēa.


sag

sag (attributive sagte, comparative sagter, superlative sagste)

sagte (attributive)
sagter (comparative)
sagste (superlative)


nag

From Dutch nacht (“night”), from Middle Dutch nacht, from Old Dutch naht, from Proto-Germanic *nahts, from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts.

The period between sunset and sunrise, when the sky is dark; night.


syne

Hy het my hemp aangehad en ek syne.


aap

From Dutch aap, from Middle Dutch āpe, from Old Dutch *apo, from Proto-Germanic *apô.


begrip

From Dutch begrip, from Middle Dutch begrip, from Old Dutch *bigrip.


lap

From Dutch lap, from Middle Dutch lap, from Old Dutch lap.


Sondag

→ Fwe: n-súndà

→ Shona: svondo

→ Sotho: Sontaha

→ Swazi: li-Sontfo

→ Venda: Swondaha

→ Xhosa: isonto

→ Zulu: iSonto


gang

From Dutch gang, from Middle Dutch ganc, from Old Dutch gank, gang, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz.


suiker

→ Sotho: tswekere

→ Xhosa: iswekile

→ Venda: swigiri

From Dutch suiker, from Middle Dutch suicker, suker, a borrowing from Old French çucre (circa 13th cent), from Old Italian zucchero, from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar), from Persian شکر (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar", originally "grit, gravel”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“gravel, boulder”).


voedsel

From Dutch voedsel, from Middle Dutch voetsel. Equivalent to voed + -sel.


burger

'n Persoon is gewoonlik 'n burger van die land waarin hy of sy gebore is.

A person is usually a citizen of the country in which he or she was born.


burger

Borrowed from English burger, shortening of hamburger.


staal

→ Xhosa: isitali

From Dutch staal, from Middle Dutch stael, from Old Dutch stāl, from earlier *stahal, from Proto-Germanic *stahlą.

steel (alloy of iron and other elements, often carbon)


pil

head

pil (plural pille, diminutive pilletjie)

From Dutch pil, from Middle Dutch pille, from Medieval Latin pilla, from Latin pilula, diminutive of pila (“ball”).


Johan

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English John


kat

→ Xhosa: ikati

→ Zulu: ikati


hou

af-verb

hou (present hou, present participle houende, past participle gehou)

hou (present)
houende (participle present)
gehou (participle past)

From Dutch houden, from Middle Dutch houden, from Old Dutch haldan, from Proto-West Germanic *haldan, from Proto-Germanic *haldaną.


RSA

Initialism of Republiek van Suid-Afrika.


gat

From Dutch gat (“hole, gap; arse”), from Middle Dutch gat, from Old Dutch *gat, from Proto-Germanic *gatą.

Hy't 'n gat in sy opvoeding.

hole or hollowed out area used as a shelter or home by animals

Jinne! Jy bly in 'n gat!

(figuratively) dump; a run-down living space, room or house


gat

Sit op jou gat!

(crude) rump; buttocks; bum; ass; backside of a human

Die olifant staan met sy gat na ons toe.

The elephant is standing with his backside turned to us.


dood

af-adj

dood (attributive dooie, comparative dooier, superlative doodste or dooiste)

dooie (attributive)
dooier (comparative)
doodste (superlative)
dooiste (superlative)

From Dutch dood, from Middle Dutch dôot, from Old Dutch dōt, from Proto-West Germanic *daud, from Proto-Germanic *daudaz.

(figuratively) exhausted; listless; fatigued


dood

Hy het gister dood aangekom.


dood

From Dutch dood, from Middle Dutch dôot, from Old Dutch dōth, from Proto-West Germanic *dauþu, from Proto-Germanic *dauþuz.

the dead; something that is no longer alive


dood

af-verb

dood (present dood, present participle dodende, past participle gedood)

dood (present)
dodende (participle present)
gedood (participle past)

From Dutch doden, from Middle Dutch dôden, from Old Dutch *dōden, from Proto-West Germanic *daudijan, from Proto-Germanic *daudijaną.


gorilla

head

gorilla (plural gorillas, diminutive gorillatjie)

gorillas (plural)
gorillatjie (diminutive)

Borrowed from Dutch gorilla or English gorilla.


apartheid

From Dutch apartheid, equivalent to apart (“separate, apart”) + -heid (“-ness, -hood”).


fel

af-adj

fel (attributive fel, comparative feller, superlative felste)

fel (attributive)
feller (comparative)
felste (superlative)

From Dutch fel, from Middle Dutch fel, from Old French fel.


skim

From Dutch schim, from Middle Dutch schim, schem, from Old Dutch *skim, *skimo, from Proto-Germanic *skimaz, *skimô (“shine; light”).


Irak

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; capital: Bagdad)


sink

af-verb

sink (present sink, present participle sinkende, past participle gesink)

sink (present)
sinkende (participle present)
gesink (participle past)

From Dutch zinken, from Middle Dutch sinken, from Old Dutch *sincan, from Proto-Germanic *sinkwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷ- (“to fall, sink”).


walrus

From Dutch walrus, probably from Danish hvalros or Swedish valross, from an inversion of Old Norse hrosshvalr (“horse-whale”).

Odobenus rosmarus
Odobenus rosmarus#Translingual


stad

From Dutch stad, from Middle Dutch stat, from Old Dutch stad, from Proto-Germanic *stadiz, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis.

Ons gaan nou stad toe.


glo

af-verb

glo (present glo, present participle gloënde, past participle geglo)

glo (present)
gloënde (participle present)
geglo (participle past)


bors

From Dutch borst, from Middle Dutch borst, from Old Dutch brust, from Proto-Germanic *brusts, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to swell, blow, inflate”).


beset

af-verb

beset (present beset, present participle besettende, past participle beset)

beset (present)
besettende (participle present)
beset (participle past)

From Dutch bezetten, from Middle Dutch besetten, from Old Dutch *bisetten, from Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną.

(transitive, military) to occupy militarily


mis

mis (present mis, present participle missende, past participle gemis)

mis (present)
missende (participle present)
gemis (participle past)

From Dutch missen, from Middle Dutch missen, from Old Dutch *missen, from Proto-West Germanic *missijan, from Proto-Germanic *missijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *meytH-.


mis

From Dutch mist, from Middle Dutch mist, from Old Dutch *mist, from Proto-Germanic *mihstaz.


mis

From Dutch mist, dialectal byform of mest, from Proto-Germanic *mihstuz.

Sy sê baie spore, baie mis, maar nog nie eintlik baie olifante nie.

2003, Dalene Matthee, Toorbos, Tafelberg, pages 47–48:

She said a lot of tracks, a lot of dung, but not yet really many elephants.


mis

From Dutch mis, from Middle Dutch misse, from Latin missa.


motor

head

motor (plural motors, diminutive motortjie)

Borrowed from English motor, compare motor car, from Latin mōtor.


jul

Alternative form of julle; your (plural)


uit

Uit die blou van onse hemel, uit die diepte van ons see.

From the blue of our heaven, from the depth of our sea.

Uit die diepte van my hart!

2008, “Uit Die Diepte Van My Hart”, in Uit Die Diepte Van My Hart, performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa: Select Musiek:


mens

From Dutch mens, from Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz.


blank

af-adj

blank (attributive blanke, comparative blanker, superlative blankste)

blanke (attributive)
blanker (comparative)
blankste (superlative)


murg

From Dutch merg, from Middle Dutch march, from Old Dutch *marg, *merg, from Proto-Germanic *mazgą, from Proto-Indo-European *mozgos, *mosgʰos.


dorp

→ Fanagalo: dorop

→ Sotho: toropo

→ Tswana: toropo

→ Venda: ḓorobo

→ Xhosa: idolophu

→ Zulu: idolobha

From Dutch dorp, from Middle Dutch dorp, from Old Dutch thorp, from Proto-West Germanic *þorp, from Proto-Germanic *þurpą.


ge-

Inherited from Dutch ge-, from Middle Dutch ge-, ghe-, from Old Dutch gi-, ge-, from Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.

Ek het die koek geëet


ge-

Inherited from Dutch ge-, from Middle Dutch ge-.

Used with a verb stem to create an uncountable noun referring to an action or its result, seen as a single collective whole.


slurp

Hy hou hom koel deur sy ore ritmies te waai terwyl hy sy slurp spelerig heen en weer swaai.

2007, Marthinus Christoffel Botha, Ons en die maan. Natuurroman, Protea Boekhuis,, →ISBN, page 186:

He keeps himself cool by rhythmically waving his ears while he playfully swings his trunk back and forth.

trunk (extended nasal organ of an elephant)


spook

→ Northern Ndebele: isipoko

→ Xhosa: isiporho

→ Zulu: isipoki

From Dutch spook, from Middle Dutch spoke, spooc, from Proto-Germanic *spōk.


trek

af-verb

trek (present trek, present participle trekkende, past participle getrek)

trek (present)
trekkende (participle present)
getrek (participle past)

→ English: trek


braai

braai (present braai, present participle braaiende, past participle gebraai)

braai (present)
braaiende (participle present)
gebraai (participle past)

From Dutch braden, from Middle Dutch brâden, from Old Dutch brādan, from Proto-Germanic *brēdaną.

Nou gaan ons braai

Ek mag nie vleis in my tuin braai nie.

(cooking) to grill meat over an open flame, to braai


braai

→ Dutch: braai

→ English: braai

an open outdoor grill built specifically for the purpose of braaing

Nou gaan ons braai!
Now we braai!

a social meeting, including the braaing of meat


veld

→ English: veld

From Dutch veld, from Middle Dutch velt, from Old Dutch felt, from Proto-Germanic *felþuz, from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂-.

A patch or grass and/or other small plants

The veld, the open grassland of South Africa and neighboring countries


kraal

From Dutch kraal, from Portuguese curral.

A kraal, corral: enclosure for livestock


SAR

Sentraal-Afrikaanse Republiek
Sentraal-Afrikaanse Republiek#Afrikaans

Initialism of Sentraal-Afrikaanse Republiek.


lamp

From Dutch lamp, from Middle Dutch lampe, from Old French lampe, from Latin lampas (“lamp; torch; lantern”), from Ancient Greek λαμπάς (lampás, “torch; lamp”), from λάμπω (lámpō, “shine”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“glow”).


Kambodja

From Cambodja, inherited from Dutch Cambodja, from French Cambodge or Portuguese Camboja.

Cambodia (a country in Southeast Asia; capital: Phnom Penh)


Kanada

Canada (a country in North America; capital: Ottawa)


mor

af-verb

mor (present mor, present participle morende, past participle gemor)

mor (present)
morende (participle present)
gemor (participle past)


probeer

probeer (present probeer, present participle proberende, past participle probeer or geprobeer)

probeer (present)
proberende (participle present)
probeer (participle past)
geprobeer (participle past)

From Dutch proberen, from Middle Dutch proberen, from Latin probō.


toon

From Dutch toon, dialectal form of teen, from Middle Dutch têe, from Old Dutch *tēa, from Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ. The vocalism -oo- is also present in some Dutch dialects in Utrecht and Holland, but seems unclear. The -n was originally a plural ending that was reanalysed as a singular form.


toon

From Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.


toon

toon (present toon, present participle tonende, past participle getoon)

toon (present)
tonende (participle present)
getoon (participle past)

From Dutch tonen, from Middle Dutch tônen, from Old Dutch *tōnen.


skip

head

skip (plural skepe, diminutive skippie or skepie)

skepe (plural)
skippie (diminutive)
skepie (diminutive)

→ Northern Ndebele: isikepe

→ Shona: chikepe

→ Sotho: sekepe

→ Tsonga: xikepe

→ Xhosa: isikhephe

→ Zulu: isikebhe


gal

From Dutch gal. Cognate to English gall.


nul

From Dutch nul, from Middle Dutch nul, from Middle French nul or Italian nulla, from Latin nūllus.


tuin

tuin (plural tuine, diminutive tuintjie)

From Dutch tuin, from Middle Dutch tuun, from Old Dutch tūn, from Proto-Germanic *tūną, from Proto-Celtic *dūnom.


ses

From Dutch zes, from Middle Dutch ses, from Old Dutch *ses, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


klein

af-adj

klein (attributive klein, comparative kleiner, superlative kleinste)

klein (attributive)
kleiner (comparative)
kleinste (superlative)

From Dutch klein, from Middle Dutch cleine, from Old Dutch cleini, from Proto-West Germanic *klainī.


adres

head

adres (plural adresse, diminutive adressie)

From Dutch adres, from Middle French adresse.

address, direction (street name where someone lives or works, or post office box where a person can be reached; indication of place of residence or stay; location of someone's home)


aan

From Dutch aan, from Middle Dutch āne, from Old Dutch ana, from Proto-Germanic *ana.


aan

at, against, for, in, by, near, next to, on


bas

From Dutch bas, borrowed from Middle French basse, from Italian basso, from Late Latin bassus.


bas

From Dutch bast, from Middle Dutch bast, from Old Dutch *bast, from Proto-West Germanic *bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz.


karate

Borrowed from Japanese 空手 (karate), from 唐手 (karate), from Okinawan 唐手 (tūdī).


glas

Inherited from Dutch glas, from Middle Dutch glas, from Old Dutch glas, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”).


neuk

af-verb

neuk (present neuk, present participle neukende, past participle geneuk)

neuk (present)
neukende (participle present)
geneuk (participle past)

From Dutch neuken. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hnukāną.


mooi

af-adj

mooi (attributive mooie, comparative mooier, superlative mooiste)

mooie (attributive)
mooier (comparative)
mooiste (superlative)


snert

Jy praat snert!


sonde

head

sonde (plural sondes, diminutive sondetjie)


Brit

Brit (plural Britte, diminutive Britjie)

Briton, Brit (person from the United Kingdom or of British descent)


vas

af-adj

vas (attributive vaste, comparative vaster, superlative vasste)

vaste (attributive)
vaster (comparative)
vasste (superlative)

From Dutch vast, from Middle Dutch vast, from Old Dutch fast, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz.


vol

vol (attributive volle, comparative voller, superlative volste)

volle (attributive)
voller (comparative)
volste (superlative)


dit

From Dutch dit (“this”), from Middle Dutch dit, from Old Dutch thit.

Dit lyk baie moeilik.

it, this, that (subject and object)
referring to the context

Dit is ’n huis.

referring to something seen or heard in the real world

Sy het my die boek gegee, maar ek het dit nog nie gelees nie.

She gave me the book, but I haven’t read it yet.

referring to non-personal singular nouns


aambei

From Dutch aambei, from Middle Dutch aenbey.


loop

af-verb

loop (present loop, present participle lopende, past participle geloop)

loop (present)
lopende (participle present)
geloop (participle past)

From Dutch lopen, from Middle Dutch lôpen, from Old Dutch lōpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną (“to run”).


loop

From Dutch loop, from Middle Dutch lôop, from Old Dutch *lōp.

(informal) business end (of a rifle, etc.)

(music, usually in diminutive) run: a rapid passage in music, especially along a scale


Rusland

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


swart

af-adj

swart (attributive swart, comparative swarter, superlative swartste)

swart (attributive)
swarter (comparative)
swartste (superlative)

From Dutch zwart, from Proto-Germanic *swartaz.


dors

From Dutch dorst, from Middle Dutch dorst, from Old Dutch thurst, from Proto-Germanic *þurstuz.


dors

Is u kinders dors?


dors

af-verb

dors (present dors, present participle dorstende, past participle gedors)

dors (present)
dorstende (participle present)
gedors (participle past)

From Dutch dorsten, from Middle Dutch dorsten, from Old Dutch thursten.

(intransitive) to thirst [with na ‘after’]


dors

dors (present dors, present participle dorsende, past participle gedors)

dors (present)
dorsende (participle present)
gedors (participle past)

From Dutch dorsen, from Middle Dutch derschen, dorschen, from Old Dutch *threscan, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną.


rib

head

rib (plural ribbe, diminutive ribbetjie)

From Dutch rib, from Middle Dutch ribbe, from Old Dutch *ribba, from Proto-Germanic *ribją.


kan

From Dutch kan, singular of kunnen, from Middle Dutch cunnen, from Old Dutch cunnan, from Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-.


eerlik

af-adj

eerlik (attributive eerlike, comparative eerliker, superlative eerlikste)

eerlike (attributive)
eerliker (comparative)
eerlikste (superlative)

From Dutch eerlijk. Equivalent to eer (“honour”) + -lik.


aartappel

head

aartappel (plural aartappels, diminutive aartappeltjie)

aartappels (plural)
aartappeltjie (diminutive)


nuut

af-adj

nuut (attributive nuwe, comparative nuwer, superlative nuutste)

nuwe (attributive)
nuwer (comparative)
nuutste (superlative)

From dialectal Dutch nuw, alternative form of nieuw derived from the inflected stem of Middle Dutch nie, nuwe, from Old Dutch niuwi, from Proto-Germanic *niwjaz. The predicative form nuut is from Middle Dutch nuwt, which may originally have been a neuter declension form, but whose generalization (in many southern dialects of Dutch) was at least reinforced by the inflectional parallelism oud, ouwe (“old”) vis-à-vis nuut, nuwe (“new”).

new (used to distinguish something recent from something already existing)


groot

groot (attributive groot, comparative groter, superlative grootste)

groot (attributive)
groter (comparative)
grootste (superlative)

Hoofstede is groot en lawaaierig.


koud

koud (attributive koue, comparative kouer, superlative koudste)

koue (attributive)
kouer (comparative)
koudste (superlative)

From Dutch koud, from Middle Dutch cout, from Old Dutch *kalt, from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gel-.

Dis baie koud.


taal

From Dutch taal, from Middle Dutch tale, from Old Dutch *tala, from Proto-West Germanic *talu, from Proto-Germanic *talō.


huis

From Dutch huis, from Middle Dutch huus, from Old Dutch hūs, from Proto-West Germanic *hūs, from Proto-Germanic *hūsą.