abdomen

head

abdomen (plural abdomina or abdomens, diminutive abdomentjie)

abdomina (plural)
abdomens (plural)
abdomentjie (diminutive)


been

been (plural bene or beendere, diminutive beentjie)

bene (plural)
beendere (plural)
beentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch been, from Middle Dutch bêen, from Old Dutch bēn, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

(in the diminutive) Synonym of ossikel (“ossicle”)


violet

From Dutch violet, borrowed from French violet, from Latin viola (“violet”).


haar

From Dutch haar, from Middle Dutch hâer, from Old Dutch hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą.


hand

From Dutch hand, from Middle Dutch hant, from Old Dutch hant, from Proto-West Germanic *handu, from Proto-Germanic *handuz.


long

long (plural longe, diminutive longetjie)

From Dutch long, from Middle Dutch longe, also longen, longene, from Old Dutch *lungan, *lunganna, from Proto-Germanic *lunganjō.


hart

From Dutch hart, from Middle Dutch herte, harte, from Old Dutch herta, from Proto-Germanic *hertô, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.


mond

From Dutch mond, from Middle Dutch mont, from Old Dutch mund, from Proto-Germanic *munþaz.


bloed

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-?
Proto-Germanic *blōþą
Proto-West Germanic *blōd
Old Dutch bluot
Middle Dutch bloet
Dutch bloed
Afrikaans bloed
From Dutch bloed, from Middle Dutch bloet, from Old Dutch bluot, from Proto-Germanic *blōþą.


orgaan

head

orgaan (plural organe, diminutive orgaantjie)

From Dutch orgaan, from Middle Dutch organe, from Latin organum, from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon).


dy

From Dutch dij, from Middle Dutch die, from Old Dutch *thio, from Proto-Germanic *þeuhą.


hamer

hamer (plural hamers, diminutive hamertjie)

From Dutch hamer, from Middle Dutch hāmer, from Old Dutch *hamar, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz.

(anatomy) hammer, malleus; largest ossicle in the middle ear


lip

From Dutch lip, from Middle Dutch leppe, with influence of Middle Low German lippe, from Old Dutch leppa, from Proto-West Germanic *lippjō.

Die slang het in my lip gebyt!


neus

From Dutch neus, from Middle Dutch nose, nuese, from Old Dutch *nosa, from Proto-West Germanic *nosu.


oog

From Dutch oog, from Middle Dutch oge, from Old Dutch ōga, ouga, from Proto-Germanic *augô, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”).


oor

From Dutch oor (“ear”), from Middle Dutch ore, from Old Dutch ōra, from the voiced Verner alternant of Proto-Germanic *ausô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows-.


ken

af-verb

ken (present ken, present participle kennende, past participle geken)

ken (present)
kennende (participle present)
geken (participle past)

(transitive) To know (a person, a thing), be acquainted with


tong

From Dutch tong, from Middle Dutch tonge, from Old Dutch tunga, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.


hoof

From Dutch hoofd, Middle Dutch hovet, from Old Dutch hōvit, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą. Doublet of sjef.


keel

From Dutch keel, from Middle Dutch kēle, from Old Dutch kela, from Proto-Germanic *kelǭ.


kuit

From Dutch kuit, from Middle Dutch cute.


murg

From Dutch merg, from Middle Dutch march, from Old Dutch *marg, *merg, from Proto-Germanic *mazgą, from Proto-Indo-European *mozgos, *mosgʰos.


toon

toon (present toon, present participle tonende, past participle getoon)

toon (present)
tonende (participle present)
getoon (participle past)

From Dutch tonen, from Middle Dutch tônen, from Old Dutch *tōnen.


rib

head

rib (plural ribbe, diminutive ribbetjie)

From Dutch rib, from Middle Dutch ribbe, from Old Dutch *ribba, from Proto-Germanic *ribją.


rug

rug (plural rûe or rûens, diminutive ruggie)

rûe (plural)
rûens (plural)
ruggie (diminutive)


sus

From Dutch zus, shortening of zuster. Equivalent to a shortening of suster.


kop

→ English: kop

From Dutch kop, from Middle Dutch cop, probably from Late Latin cuppa.


piel

piel (plural piele, diminutive pieletjie)


tante

tante (plural tantes, diminutive tannie or tantetjie)

tantes (plural)
tannie (diminutive)
tantetjie (diminutive)


geboorte

/χəˈbʊə̯r.tə/

From Dutch geboorte, from Middle Dutch geboorte.


brug

From Dutch brug, from Middle Dutch brugge, from Old Dutch *brugga, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.


maag

maag (plural mae or mage, diminutive magie)

mae (plural)
mage (plural)
magie (diminutive)

From Dutch maag, from Middle Dutch māge, from Old Dutch *mago, from Proto-Germanic *magô.


gif

gif (plural giwwe or gifte, diminutive giffie)

giwwe (plural)
gifte (plural)
giffie (diminutive)

From Dutch gif, from earlier gift, from Middle Dutch gift, earlier also gicht. From Old Dutch *gift, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.


vinger

From Dutch vinger, from Middle Dutch vinger, from Old Dutch finger, from Proto-West Germanic *fingr, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz.


dagga

→ Dutch: dagga

→ English: dagga

→ German: Dagga


tand

From Dutch tand, from Middle Dutch tant, from Old Dutch *tand, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts.


voet

From Dutch voet, from Middle Dutch voet, from Old Dutch fuot, from Proto-West Germanic *fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.


melk

Inherited from Dutch melk, from Middle Dutch melc, from Old Dutch miluk, from Proto-Germanic *meluks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ-.


melk

af-verb

melk (present melk, present participle melkende, past participle gemelk)

melk (present)
melkende (participle present)
gemelk (participle past)

Inherited from Dutch melken, from Middle Dutch melken, from Old Dutch *melkan, from Proto-Germanic *melkaną.


baard

From Dutch baard, from Middle Dutch baert, from Old Dutch *bart, from Proto-West Germanic *bard, from Proto-Germanic *bardaz, Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰ-eh₂.


kroon

kroon (present kroon, present participle kronende, past participle gekroon)

kroon (present)
kronende (participle present)
gekroon (participle past)

From Dutch kronen, from Middle Dutch crônen.


suster

From Dutch zuster, from Middle Dutch suster, from Old Dutch swester, from Proto-Germanic *swestēr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.


pyn

From Dutch pijn, from Middle Dutch pine, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ). Cognate with English pain.


krap

head

krap (plural krappe, diminutive krappie)

From Dutch krab, from Middle Dutch crabbe, from Old Dutch *krabba.

(botany, uncommon) devil's claw (plant of the genus Harpagophytum), especially when referring to the seeds


tombo

'n KLOPJAG weens die vermoede dat tombo gestook word in die tronk, is die jongste grief op die vermeende Caprivi-afstigters in Grootfontein se klagtelys.

2004 April 26, “Lewe agter die tralies”, in Republikein:

A raid because of the suspicion that tombo is being brewed in jail, is the latest grief on the list of complaints of the alleged Caprivi separatists in Grootfontein.

Agt polisiebeamptes wat in April 'n man forseer het om in tombo te swem terwyl hulle hom beledig het, is steeds geskors.

Eight police officers who in April forced a man to swim in tombo while they insulted him, are still suspended.

(Namibia) tombo (a traditional sweet beer)


kanker

From Dutch kanker, from Middle Dutch canker, from Latin cancer.


derm

intestine, gut; e.g. in anatomy, the term "slukderm" (literally "swallowing gut") is a technically established term for "oesophagus".


poot

From Dutch poot, from Middle Dutch pôte.


slaap

From Dutch slaap, from Middle Dutch slâep, from Old Dutch *slāp, from Proto-West Germanic *slāp.


buik

From Dutch buik, from Middle Dutch buuc, from Old Dutch būc, from Proto-Germanic *būkaz.


loper

loper (plural lopers, diminutive lopertjie)

From Dutch loper (“walker, runner, messenger, bishop (chess piece), carpet, master key, offshoot”), from Middle Dutch lopere (“runner, messenger, walker”). Equivalent to loop + -er.

inh

(botany) shoot or sprout that forms at the end of roots from which new shoots or sprouts develop

(botany, uncommon) tendrils of creepers and vines used for support


ontsteking

head

ontsteking (plural ontstekings or ontstekinge (dated))

ontstekings (plural)
ontstekinge (dated plural)

/ˌɔntˈstɪə̯.kəŋ/

From Dutch ontsteking, from Middle Dutch ontstekinge. Equivalent to ontsteek + -ing.


stert

stert (plural sterte, diminutive stertjie)

From dialectal Dutch stert, variant of staart, from Middle Dutch stert.


amnesties

af-adj

amnesties (attributive amnestiese, not comparable)

amnesic; amnestic; Of, pertaining to, affected by, or causing amnesia


tandarts

From Dutch tandarts. Equivalent to tand (“tooth”) + arts (“doctor”).


vingernael

From Dutch vingernagel. Equivalent to vinger + nael.


horing

head

horing (plural horings, diminutive horinkie)

From Dutch hoorn, from Middle Dutch horn, from Old Dutch *horn, from Proto-Germanic *hurną, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-.


lewer

lewer (plural lewers, diminutive lewertjie)

From Dutch lever, from Middle Dutch levere, from Old Dutch *livara, from Proto-Germanic *librō, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smudge, stick”), from *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”).


vlerk

From Dutch vlerk, from Middle Dutch vlerc.


blaar

head

blaar (plural blare, diminutive blaartjie)

Back-formation from the plural blare, itself from Dutch blaren, bladeren (“leaves”), from the singular blad (“leaf; sheet”). Doublet of blad.


eier

Back-formation from eiers, a dialectal Dutch plural form of ei (“egg”). Compare similar back-formations in Afrikaans: hoender, blaar.


bek

From Dutch bek, from Middle Dutch bec, from Old French bec, from Vulgar Latin beccus.


skouer

From Dutch schouder, from Middle Dutch schouder, from Old Dutch *skuldero, from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru.


kelk

From Dutch kelk, from Middle Dutch kelc, from Old Dutch kelik, from Latin calix, from Ancient Greek κᾰ́λῠξ (kálux).

(botany) A calyx (outermost whorl of flower parts).


aambeeld

aambeeld (plural aambeelde, diminutive aambeeldjie)

aambeelde (plural)
aambeeldjie (diminutive)

From Dutch aambeeld, from Middle Dutch aenbilt.

(anatomy) incus; a small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear


meisie

meisie (plural meisies, diminutive meisietjie)

meisies (plural)
meisietjie (diminutive)

From Dutch meisie, dialectal variant of meisje, from Middle Dutch meisin, meysjen, diminutive of meid (“girl, lass”).


seun

seun (plural seuns, diminutive seuntjie)

From dialectal Dutch zeun (standard zoon), from Middle Dutch sone, suene, from Old Dutch *sunu, suno, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.


hertogin

hertogin (plural hertoginne, diminutive hertoginnetjie, masculine hertog)

hertoginne (plural)
hertoginnetjie (diminutive)
hertog (masculine)

From Dutch hertogin. A compound of hertog (“duke”) + -in (“feminine suffix”).

suffix

a duchess (wife of a duke; female ruler of a duchy)


afasie

Inherited from Dutch afasie, from French aphasie, from Ancient Greek ἀφασία (aphasía). More at aphasia.


onderarm

head

onderarm (plural onderarms, diminutive onderarmpie)

onderarms (plural)
onderarmpie (diminutive)

From Dutch onderarm. Compound of onder (“under”) + arm (“arm”).


eierstok

eierstok (plural eierstokke, diminutive eierstokkie)

eierstokke (plural)
eierstokkie (diminutive)

From Dutch eierstok, from German Eierstock. Equivalent to eier (“egg”) + stok (“stick”).


sleutelbeen

sleutelbeen (plural sleutelbene, diminutive sleutelbeentjie)

sleutelbene (plural)
sleutelbeentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch sleutelbeen. Compound of sleutel (“key”) + been (“bone”).


apteek

apteek (plural apteke, diminutive aptekie)

prescription drug
prescription drug#English

pharmacy; chemist (a place where prescription drugs are sold or dispensed)


sensories

af-adj

sensories (attributive sensoriese, not comparable)

sensoriese baan


vonkelwyn

head

vonkelwyn (plural vonkelwyne, diminutive vonkelwyntjie)

vonkelwyne (plural)
vonkelwyntjie (diminutive)

→ Dutch: vonkelwijn

From vonkel (“sparkling”) + wyn (“wine”), possibly a loan translation of English sparkling wine.


harsings

harsings (plurale tantum, diminutive harsinkies)


gesig

gesig (plural gesigte, diminutive gesiggie)

From Dutch gezicht, from Middle Dutch gesicht, from Old Dutch gisiht.


neurotoksies

af-adj

neurotoksies (attributive neurotoksiese, not comparable)


stopsel

head

stopsel (plural stopsels, diminutive stopseltjie)

stopsels (plural)
stopseltjie (diminutive)


aamborstigheid

/ˌɑːmˈbɔr.stə.χəɪ̯t/

(pathology) dyspnea, wheeziness (shortness of breath)


aamborstig

af-adj

aamborstig (attributive aamborstige, comparative aamborstiger, superlative aamborstigste)

aamborstige (attributive)
aamborstiger (comparative)
aamborstigste (superlative)


adrenalien

From Dutch adrenaline or English adrenaline.

(biochemistry) adrenaline (epinephrine, the hormone and neurotransmitter)


liggaam

head

liggaam (plural liggame, diminutive liggaampie)

liggame (plural)
liggaampie (diminutive)

From Dutch lichaam (“body”), from Middle Dutch lichame, from Old Dutch lichamo, from Frankish *likhamo, from Proto-Germanic *līkahamô (“body, bodily frame, corpse”). Equivalent to a compound of lyk (“body, corpse”) + haam (“hull”).


mikroskoop

From Dutch microscoop. Equivalent to mikro- + -skoop.


papie

head

papie (plural papies, diminutive papietjie)


funksie

(biology) function, physiological activity


skemerkelk

skemerkelk (plural skemerkelke, diminutive skemerkelkie)

skemerkelke (plural)
skemerkelkie (diminutive)

→ Dutch: schemerkelkje

(chiefly diminutive) sundowner (cocktail drunk at sunset)


pynstiller

From Dutch pijnstiller. Equivalent to pyn + stil + -er.


tandeborsel

tandeborsel (plural tandeborsels, diminutive tandeborseltjie)

tandeborsels (plural)
tandeborseltjie (diminutive)


buikholte

buikholte (plural buikholtes, diminutive buikholtetjie)

buikholtes (plural)
buikholtetjie (diminutive)

From Dutch buikholte. Compound of buik (“stomach, abdomen”) + holte (“cavity”).


skedel

head

skedel (plural skedels, diminutive skedeltjie)

skedels (plural)
skedeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch schedel, from Middle Dutch schedele, from Old Dutch skēthila, *skeithila (“part, crown, crest, summit”), from Proto-West Germanic *skaidilu (“part in the hair, top, crown, crest, summit”).


onkruiddoder

A herbicide (agent for destroying unwanted plantlife).


aborsie

Probably borrowed from English abortion, from Latin abortiō. Dutch abortie was rare and is therefore less likely as a source.


borsbeen

head

borsbeen (plural borsbene, diminutive borsbeentjie)

borsbene (plural)
borsbeentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch borstbeen, from Middle Dutch borstbeen. Compound of bors (“breast”) + been (“bone”).


kakebeen

kakebeen (plural kakebene, diminutive kakebeentjie)

kakebene (plural)
kakebeentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch kaakbeen. Compound of kake (“jaw”) + been (“bone”).


heupbeen

heupbeen (plural heupbene, diminutive heupbeentjie)

heupbene (plural)
heupbeentjie (diminutive)

From Dutch heupbeen. Compound of heup (“hip”) + been (“bone”).


skouerblad

skouerblad (plural skouerblaaie, diminutive skouerbladjie)

skouerblaaie (plural)
skouerbladjie (diminutive)

From Dutch schouderblad, from Middle Dutch schouderblat. Compound of skouer (“shoulder”) + blad (“blade”).


dybeen

dybeen (plural dybene, diminutive dybeentjie)

From Dutch dijbeen. Compound of dy (“thigh”) + been (“bone”).


skenkel

skenkel (plural skenkels, diminutive skenkeltjie)

skenkels (plural)
skenkeltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch schenkel, from Proto-Germanic *skankô.


handgewrig

handgewrig (plural handgewrigte, diminutive handgewriggie)

handgewrigte (plural)
handgewriggie (diminutive)

Compound of hand (“hand”) + gewrig (“joint”).


borskas

borskas (plural borskaste, diminutive borskassie)

borskaste (plural)
borskassie (diminutive)

Compound of bors (“breast, chest”) + kas (“box”).


kuitspier

kuitspier (plural kuitspiere, diminutive kuitspiertjie)

kuitspiere (plural)
kuitspiertjie (diminutive)

Compound of kuit (“calf”) + spier (“muscle”).


ruggraat

ruggraat (plural ruggrate, diminutive ruggraatjie)

ruggrate (plural)
ruggraatjie (diminutive)

From Dutch ruggengraat. Compound of rug (“back”) + graat (“fishbone”).


werwel

werwel (plural werwels, diminutive werweltjie)

werwels (plural)
werweltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch werwel, from Middle Dutch wervel, from Old Dutch *wirvil, from Proto-Germanic *hwirbilaz.


knieskyf

knieskyf (plural knieskywe, diminutive knieskyfie)

knieskywe (plural)
knieskyfie (diminutive)

From Dutch knieschijf, from Middle Dutch knieschive. Compound of knie (“knee”) + skyf (“disc”).


geslagsdele

Compound of geslag (“gender”) + -s + deel (“section”).


voorarm

head

voorarm (plural voorarms, diminutive voorarmpie)

voorarms (plural)
voorarmpie (diminutive)

From Dutch voorarm. Compound of voor (“fore”) + arm (“arm”).


enkelbeen

enkelbeen (plural enkelbene, diminutive enkelbeentjie)

enkelbene (plural)
enkelbeentjie (diminutive)

Compound of enkel (“ankle”) + been (“bone”).


swangerskap

From Dutch zwangerschap. Equivalent to swanger (“pregnant”) + -skap (“-cy”).


swanger

af-adj

swanger (attributive swanger, comparative swangerder, superlative swangerste)

swanger (attributive)
swangerder (comparative)
swangerste (superlative)

From Dutch zwanger, from Middle Dutch swanger. Ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *swangr (“heavy”).

Sy het van haar swanger dogter vertel.


afemie

aphemia (a type of aphasia in which the ability to speak is lost or severely impaired)


aktin-

actin-; Alternative form of aktino- (“actino-”).


farmaseuties

farmaseuties (attributive farmaseutiese, not comparable)


farmaseut

(pharmacy, academic) pharmacist (one who studies pharmacy)


farmasie

pharmacy (the science of medical substances)


apteker

head

apteker (plural aptekers, diminutive aptekertjie)

aptekers (plural)
aptekertjie (diminutive)

From Dutch apotheker, equivalent to apteek + -er.

(pharmacy) pharmacist; chemist (professional who dispenses prescription drugs)


inkus

Nativised spelling of incus, from Latin incūs (“anvil”).


ossikel

(anatomy) ossicle (any small bone or bony structure)


gehoorbeentjie

Compound of gehoor (“hearing”) + beentjie (“small bone”).

compound

auditory ossicle
auditory ossicle#English

(anatomy) auditory ossicle; one of the three ossicles found inside the middle ear


hamerbeentjie

Compound of hamer + beentjie (“small bone”)

(anatomy) Synonym of hamer (a small bone in the middle ear)


stiebeuel

head

stiebeuel (plural stiebeuels, diminutive stiebeueltjie)

stiebeuels (plural)
stiebeueltjie (diminutive)

From Dutch stiebeugel, a spelling variant of stijgbeugel from Flanders.

(anatomy) stirrup, stapes; a small stirrup-shaped bone in the middle ear


kopbeen

kopbeen (plural kopbene, diminutive kopbeentjie)

kopbene (plural)
kopbeentjie (diminutive)


spraakverlies

Compound of spraak (“speech”) + verlies (“loss”)


afaties

af-adj

afaties (attributive afatiese, not comparable)


leesblindheid

Compound of lees (“reading”) + blindheid (“blindness”).

compound

(psychiatry) Synonym of aleksie (“alexia”)


herinneringsafasie

Compound of herinnering (“memory”) + -s- + afasie (“aphasia”)

amnestiese afasie
amnestiese afasie#Afrikaans

(pathology) Synonym of amnestiese afasie


amnestiese afasie

(pathology) amnesic aphasia; anomic aphasia; dysnomia


woorddoofheid

Compound of woord (“word”) + doofheid (“deafness”).


woordblindheid

Compound of woord (“word”) + blindheid (“blindness”).


sensoriese afasie

Wernicke se afasie
Wernicke se afasie#Afrikaans

(pathology) Synonym of Wernicke se afasie


gehoorafasie

Compound of gehoor (“hearing”) + afasie (“aphasia”).

Wernicke's aphasia
Wernicke's aphasia#English

(pathology) any form of Wernicke's aphasia affecting comprehension of spoken language, as opposed to written language


Wernicke se afasie

receptive aphasia
receptive aphasia#English

(pathology) Wernicke's aphasia; sensory aphasia; receptive aphasia


Broca se afasie

expressive aphasia
expressive aphasia#English

(pathology) Broca's aphasia; expressive aphasia


motories

af-adj

motories (attributive motoriese, not comparable)

Inherited from Dutch motorisch, equivalent to motor + -ies.

motoriese senuwee

(biology) motor, motoric (relating to motor faculties and the ability to move)


kokaïne

cocaine (narcotic derived from coca plants)


wenkbrou

From Dutch wenkbrauw, from Middle Dutch wintbrauwe, from Old Dutch *wintbrāwa. The first element is unknown but presumed to be related to Ancient Greek ἴονθος (íonthos). The second element is from Proto-Germanic *brēwō.