"lawm" meaning in White Hmong

See lawm in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Particle

IPA: /laɨ̯˩̰/
Etymology: Borrowed from Chinese 了 (le, “perfective marker”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|mww|zh|-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Chinese, {{bor+|mww|zh|-}} Borrowed from Chinese, {{zh-l|了|perfective marker}} 了 (le, “perfective marker”) Head templates: {{head|mww|particle}} lawm
  1. perfective marker, sign of completed action or past tense
    Sense id: en-lawm-mww-particle-x1JfGfdN Categories (other): White Hmong entries with incorrect language header, White Hmong particles

Download JSON data for lawm meaning in White Hmong (1.6kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "zh",
        "3": "-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "zh",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Chinese",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "了",
        "2": "perfective marker"
      },
      "expansion": "了 (le, “perfective marker”)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Chinese 了 (le, “perfective marker”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "lawm",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "White Hmong",
  "lang_code": "mww",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "White Hmong particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "went to the fields",
          "text": "mus teb lawm",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "We are going (i.e. the start of our departure has been accomplished).",
          "text": "Peb mus lawm.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perfective marker, sign of completed action or past tense"
      ],
      "id": "en-lawm-mww-particle-x1JfGfdN",
      "links": [
        [
          "perfective",
          "perfective"
        ],
        [
          "marker",
          "marker"
        ],
        [
          "sign",
          "sign"
        ],
        [
          "completed",
          "completed"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "past",
          "past"
        ],
        [
          "tense",
          "tense"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/laɨ̯˩̰/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lawm"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "zh",
        "3": "-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "zh",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Chinese",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "了",
        "2": "perfective marker"
      },
      "expansion": "了 (le, “perfective marker”)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Chinese 了 (le, “perfective marker”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "lawm",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "White Hmong",
  "lang_code": "mww",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
        "White Hmong lemmas",
        "White Hmong particles",
        "White Hmong terms borrowed from Chinese",
        "White Hmong terms derived from Chinese",
        "White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "White Hmong terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "went to the fields",
          "text": "mus teb lawm",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "We are going (i.e. the start of our departure has been accomplished).",
          "text": "Peb mus lawm.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perfective marker, sign of completed action or past tense"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perfective",
          "perfective"
        ],
        [
          "marker",
          "marker"
        ],
        [
          "sign",
          "sign"
        ],
        [
          "completed",
          "completed"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "past",
          "past"
        ],
        [
          "tense",
          "tense"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/laɨ̯˩̰/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lawm"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable White Hmong dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.