See vъ(n) in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vъ(n) meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.4kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "jьz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "въ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: въ (vŭ), у (u), и (i)\nOld Ruthenian: въ (v)\nBelarusian: у (u), ў (ŭ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: в (v), у (u)\nUkrainian: у (u), в (v)\nRussian: в (v)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: въ (vŭ), у (u), и (i)\nOld Ruthenian: въ (v)\nBelarusian: у (u), ў (ŭ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: в (v), у (u)\nUkrainian: у (u), в (v)\nRussian: в (v)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "въ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: въ (vŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: въ (vŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "в"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: в (v)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: в (v)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "во"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: во (vo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: во (vo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "у",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: у",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: у"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "u",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: u",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: u"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "v"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: v"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "v"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: v"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "v"
},
"expansion": "Czech: v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: v"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "w"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: w, we\nMasurian: w\nPolish: w, we\nSilesian: w, we, wy",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: w, we\nMasurian: w\nPolish: w, we\nSilesian: w, we, wy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "v"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: v"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "w",
"alts": "1",
"id": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: w, we, wew",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: w, we, wew"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "w",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: w, we",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: w, we"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "vå"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: vå",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: vå"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "w"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: w",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: w"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "w"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: w",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: w"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁en"
},
"expansion": "*h₁en",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "h₁en"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁en",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *in",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₁n̥"
},
"expansion": "*h₁n̥",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "į"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian į",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Eastern dialects"
},
"expansion": "(Eastern dialects)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "en"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian en",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₁ón"
},
"expansion": "*h₁ón",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "iekša",
"3": "iekša (ie-kša)"
},
"expansion": "Latvian iekša (ie-kša)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐν"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐν (en)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐνί",
"t": "in, within"
},
"expansion": "ἐνί (ení, “in, within”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*en",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *en (“in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*eni"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *eni",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*en",
"3": "",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "*en (“in”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *in (“in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sъto"
},
"expansion": "*sъto",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₁ón"
},
"expansion": "*h₁ón",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*mъnogъ"
},
"expansion": "*mъnogъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vъnukъ"
},
"expansion": "*vъnukъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vъnъ"
},
"expansion": "*vъnъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vъtorъ"
},
"expansion": "*vъtorъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kъ(n)"
},
"expansion": "*kъ(n)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gъnati"
},
"expansion": "*gъnati",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gъrnъ"
},
"expansion": "*gъrnъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gъrdlo"
},
"expansion": "*gъrdlo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kъrma"
},
"expansion": "*kъrma",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dǫti",
"3": "*dǫti/*dъmǫ"
},
"expansion": "*dǫti/*dъmǫ",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁en\nEither:\n* From Proto-Balto-Slavic *in, from the zero-grade *h₁n̥ of Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).\n*: Cognate with Lithuanian į, in (Eastern dialects), Old Prussian en.\n* From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from o-grade *h₁ón of Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).\n*: Cognate with Latvian iekša (ie-kša), Ancient Greek ἐν (en) / ἐνί (ení, “in, within”), Proto-Italic *en (“in”), Proto-Celtic *eni / *en (“in”), Proto-Germanic *in (“in”).\nOften assumed to come from the zero-grade. However there are no secure examples of *n̥ > Balto-Slavic *un (other examples like *sъto (often considered to be an Iranian borrowing) are all riddled with difficulties and unreliable), and the o-grade *h₁ón can be posited instead. See also *mъnogъ, *vъnukъ, *vъnъ, *vъtorъ and *kъ(n), *gъnati, *gъrnъ, *gъrdlo, *kъrma, *dǫti/*dъmǫ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*vъ(n)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vъ(n)",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"in, inside, within (stationary)"
],
"id": "en-vъ(n)-sla-pro-prep-myR5uksA",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
],
[
"within",
"within"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+ locative) in, inside, within (stationary)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-locative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"in, into, inside (motion to)"
],
"id": "en-vъ(n)-sla-pro-prep-WgYkfXtP",
"links": [
[
"into",
"into"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+ accusative) in, into, inside (motion to)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-accusative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"at (a moment in time)"
],
"id": "en-vъ(n)-sla-pro-prep-7a-naFWd",
"links": [
[
"at",
"at"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+ accusative) at (a moment in time)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-accusative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 8 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, during (a period of time)"
],
"id": "en-vъ(n)-sla-pro-prep-pQ0k22Zb",
"links": [
[
"during",
"during"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+ locative) in, during (a period of time)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-locative"
]
}
],
"word": "vъ(n)"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "jьz"
}
],
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic prepositions",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁en"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "въ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: въ (vŭ), у (u), и (i)\nOld Ruthenian: въ (v)\nBelarusian: у (u), ў (ŭ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: в (v), у (u)\nUkrainian: у (u), в (v)\nRussian: в (v)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: въ (vŭ), у (u), и (i)\nOld Ruthenian: въ (v)\nBelarusian: у (u), ў (ŭ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: в (v), у (u)\nUkrainian: у (u), в (v)\nRussian: в (v)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "въ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: въ (vŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: въ (vŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "в"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: в (v)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: в (v)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "во"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: во (vo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: во (vo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "у",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: у",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: у"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "u",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: u",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: u"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "v"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: v"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "v"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: v"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "v"
},
"expansion": "Czech: v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: v"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "w"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: w, we\nMasurian: w\nPolish: w, we\nSilesian: w, we, wy",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: w, we\nMasurian: w\nPolish: w, we\nSilesian: w, we, wy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "v"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: v",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: v"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "w",
"alts": "1",
"id": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: w, we, wew",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: w, we, wew"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "w",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: w, we",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: w, we"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "vå"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: vå",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: vå"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "w"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: w",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: w"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "w"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: w",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: w"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁en"
},
"expansion": "*h₁en",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "h₁en"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁en",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *in",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₁n̥"
},
"expansion": "*h₁n̥",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "į"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian į",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Eastern dialects"
},
"expansion": "(Eastern dialects)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "en"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian en",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₁ón"
},
"expansion": "*h₁ón",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "iekša",
"3": "iekša (ie-kša)"
},
"expansion": "Latvian iekša (ie-kša)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐν"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐν (en)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐνί",
"t": "in, within"
},
"expansion": "ἐνί (ení, “in, within”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*en",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *en (“in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*eni"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *eni",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*en",
"3": "",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "*en (“in”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *in (“in”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sъto"
},
"expansion": "*sъto",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₁ón"
},
"expansion": "*h₁ón",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*mъnogъ"
},
"expansion": "*mъnogъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vъnukъ"
},
"expansion": "*vъnukъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vъnъ"
},
"expansion": "*vъnъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vъtorъ"
},
"expansion": "*vъtorъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kъ(n)"
},
"expansion": "*kъ(n)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gъnati"
},
"expansion": "*gъnati",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gъrnъ"
},
"expansion": "*gъrnъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gъrdlo"
},
"expansion": "*gъrdlo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kъrma"
},
"expansion": "*kъrma",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dǫti",
"3": "*dǫti/*dъmǫ"
},
"expansion": "*dǫti/*dъmǫ",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁en\nEither:\n* From Proto-Balto-Slavic *in, from the zero-grade *h₁n̥ of Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).\n*: Cognate with Lithuanian į, in (Eastern dialects), Old Prussian en.\n* From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from o-grade *h₁ón of Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).\n*: Cognate with Latvian iekša (ie-kša), Ancient Greek ἐν (en) / ἐνί (ení, “in, within”), Proto-Italic *en (“in”), Proto-Celtic *eni / *en (“in”), Proto-Germanic *in (“in”).\nOften assumed to come from the zero-grade. However there are no secure examples of *n̥ > Balto-Slavic *un (other examples like *sъto (often considered to be an Iranian borrowing) are all riddled with difficulties and unreliable), and the o-grade *h₁ón can be posited instead. See also *mъnogъ, *vъnukъ, *vъnъ, *vъtorъ and *kъ(n), *gъnati, *gъrnъ, *gъrdlo, *kъrma, *dǫti/*dъmǫ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*vъ(n)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vъ(n)",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"in, inside, within (stationary)"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
],
[
"within",
"within"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+ locative) in, inside, within (stationary)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-locative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"in, into, inside (motion to)"
],
"links": [
[
"into",
"into"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+ accusative) in, into, inside (motion to)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-accusative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"at (a moment in time)"
],
"links": [
[
"at",
"at"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+ accusative) at (a moment in time)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-accusative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"in, during (a period of time)"
],
"links": [
[
"during",
"during"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(+ locative) in, during (a period of time)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-locative"
]
}
],
"word": "vъ(n)"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.