See eša in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for eša meaning in Proto-Slavic (4.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "еша"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: еша (eša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: еша (eša)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ѥша"
},
"expansion": "ѥша (ješa)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic: ѥша (ješa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰵⱎⰰ"
},
"expansion": "ⰵⱎⰰ (eša)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰵⱎⰰ (eša)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁esyēt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁esyēt",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "*h₁ésti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek εἴη (eíē)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "siēt"
},
"expansion": "Latin siēt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्यात्",
"sc": "Deva"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्यात् (syāt)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ešče",
"t": "yet, still"
},
"expansion": "*ešče (“yet, still”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "jeszcze",
"t": "highlighting the possibility of continuation or repetition of the activity and condition in the future"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish jeszcze (“highlighting the possibility of continuation or repetition of the activity and condition in the future”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "adhuc"
},
"expansion": "Latin adhuc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "etiam"
},
"expansion": "etiam",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "utinam"
},
"expansion": "utinam",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iterum"
},
"expansion": "iterum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "išče"
},
"expansion": "Slovene išče",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "iše"
},
"expansion": "iše",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ещё"
},
"expansion": "Russian ещё (ješčó)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "исто́"
},
"expansion": "исто́ (istó)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "hišće"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian hišće",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "hiše"
},
"expansion": "hiše",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ešče"
},
"expansion": "*ešče",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁é"
},
"expansion": "*h₁é",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱi",
"3": "*ḱyo-"
},
"expansion": "*ḱyo-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear.\n* Per Iljinsky (followed by ESSJa, Vasmer): probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁esyēt, an optative of the copula *h₁ésti. Cognates include Ancient Greek εἴη (eíē), Latin siēt, Sanskrit स्यात् (syāt).\n* Per Sławski: simplification of *ešče (“yet, still”); for semantics compare Old Polish jeszcze (“highlighting the possibility of continuation or repetition of the activity and condition in the future”) (compared to Latin adhuc etiam, utinam, iterum), for šč > š shift compare Slovene išče (dialectal) : iše (dated), Russian ещё (ješčó) : исто́ (istó) (dialectal), Upper Sorbian hišće : hiše, all from *ešče. He rejected Iljinsky's etymology as unlikely.\n* Berneker: From grammaticalization of the augment particle *h₁é + demonstrative *ḱyo-.",
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/eša",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to express hope, desire or aspiration: hopefully, if only, let, may, had better"
],
"id": "en-eša-sla-pro-adv-1Be9ByMT",
"links": [
[
"hopefully",
"hopefully"
],
[
"if only",
"if only"
],
[
"let",
"let"
],
[
"may",
"may"
],
[
"had better",
"had better"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oleg Trubachyov"
]
}
],
"word": "eša"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "еша"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: еша (eša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: еша (eša)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ѥша"
},
"expansion": "ѥша (ješa)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic: ѥша (ješa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰵⱎⰰ"
},
"expansion": "ⰵⱎⰰ (eša)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰵⱎⰰ (eša)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁esyēt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁esyēt",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "*h₁ésti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek εἴη (eíē)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "siēt"
},
"expansion": "Latin siēt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्यात्",
"sc": "Deva"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्यात् (syāt)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ešče",
"t": "yet, still"
},
"expansion": "*ešče (“yet, still”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "jeszcze",
"t": "highlighting the possibility of continuation or repetition of the activity and condition in the future"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish jeszcze (“highlighting the possibility of continuation or repetition of the activity and condition in the future”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "adhuc"
},
"expansion": "Latin adhuc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "etiam"
},
"expansion": "etiam",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "utinam"
},
"expansion": "utinam",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iterum"
},
"expansion": "iterum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "išče"
},
"expansion": "Slovene išče",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "iše"
},
"expansion": "iše",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ещё"
},
"expansion": "Russian ещё (ješčó)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "исто́"
},
"expansion": "исто́ (istó)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "hišće"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian hišće",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "hiše"
},
"expansion": "hiše",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ešče"
},
"expansion": "*ešče",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁é"
},
"expansion": "*h₁é",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱi",
"3": "*ḱyo-"
},
"expansion": "*ḱyo-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear.\n* Per Iljinsky (followed by ESSJa, Vasmer): probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁esyēt, an optative of the copula *h₁ésti. Cognates include Ancient Greek εἴη (eíē), Latin siēt, Sanskrit स्यात् (syāt).\n* Per Sławski: simplification of *ešče (“yet, still”); for semantics compare Old Polish jeszcze (“highlighting the possibility of continuation or repetition of the activity and condition in the future”) (compared to Latin adhuc etiam, utinam, iterum), for šč > š shift compare Slovene išče (dialectal) : iše (dated), Russian ещё (ješčó) : исто́ (istó) (dialectal), Upper Sorbian hišće : hiše, all from *ešče. He rejected Iljinsky's etymology as unlikely.\n* Berneker: From grammaticalization of the augment particle *h₁é + demonstrative *ḱyo-.",
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/eša",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic adverbs",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"used to express hope, desire or aspiration: hopefully, if only, let, may, had better"
],
"links": [
[
"hopefully",
"hopefully"
],
[
"if only",
"if only"
],
[
"let",
"let"
],
[
"may",
"may"
],
[
"had better",
"had better"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oleg Trubachyov"
]
}
],
"word": "eša"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.