See duma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for duma meaning in Proto-Slavic (9.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dumica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "dumъka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "prater",
"word": "dumьcь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Church Slavonic: дума (duma) (Russian)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic: дума (duma, “advice, council; thought, intention; like-minded persons”), Дума (Duma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ду́ма",
"gloss": "thought"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ду́ма",
"gloss": "thought"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)\n→ Bulgarian: дума (duma)\n→ Buryat: дүүмэ (düüme)\n→ Chinese: 杜馬／杜马 (dùmǎ)/杜马 (dùmɑ̌)\n→ English: duma\n→ Finnish: duuma\n→ Finnish: tuuma\n→ Macedonian: дума (duma)\n⇒ Mongolian: дум (dum)\n→ Romanian: dumă\n→ Yakut: дума (duma)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)\n→ Bulgarian: дума (duma)\n→ Buryat: дүүмэ (düüme)\n→ Chinese: 杜馬／杜马 (dùmǎ)/杜马 (dùmɑ̌)\n→ English: duma\n→ Finnish: duuma\n→ Finnish: tuuma\n→ Macedonian: дума (duma)\n⇒ Mongolian: дум (dum)\n→ Romanian: dumă\n→ Yakut: дума (duma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ду́ма",
"gloss": "thought; epic song"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought; epic song”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought; epic song”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ду́ма",
"gloss": "word, thought"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ду́ма (dúma, “word, thought”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ду́ма (dúma, “word, thought”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Macedonian: dial. дума (duma, “thought”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ду̏ма",
"gloss": "(secret) thought; speech; mind, reason, memory",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ду̏ма (“(secret) thought; speech; mind, reason, memory”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ду̏ма (“(secret) thought; speech; mind, reason, memory”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "dȕma",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: dȕma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: dȕma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "duma",
"gloss": "pride, self-esteem, arrogance"
},
"expansion": "Polish: duma (“pride, self-esteem, arrogance”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: duma (“pride, self-esteem, arrogance”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "duma",
"gloss": "thinking, reasoning"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: duma (“thinking, reasoning”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: duma (“thinking, reasoning”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "doma",
"alt": "duõma",
"bor": "1",
"t": "thought"
},
"expansion": "→ Latvian: duõma (“thought”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latvian: duõma (“thought”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōmaz",
"4": "",
"5": "judgement"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (“judgement”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*duti",
"3": "",
"4": "to blow, to inflate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θῡμός",
"3": "",
"4": "soul, emotion"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós, “soul, emotion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*do-",
"3": "*umъ",
"4": "*-a",
"nocat": "1",
"t2": "mind"
},
"expansion": "*do- + *umъ (“mind”) + *-a",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "надоу́мить",
"3": "",
"4": "to advise"
},
"expansion": "Russian надоу́мить (nadoúmitʹ, “to advise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*myslь",
"3": "",
"4": "thought"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *myslь (“thought”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μῦθος",
"3": "",
"4": "word, fable"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μῦθος (mûthos, “word, fable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpg",
"2": "δουμος"
},
"expansion": "Phrygian δουμος (doumos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θαῦμᾰ",
"3": "",
"4": "wonder, miracle"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θαῦμᾰ (thaûma, “wonder, miracle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally viewed (per Miklošič, Ulhenbeck, Berneker) as a Germanic borrowing, ultimately from (some derivative of) Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (“judgement”), perhaps a deverbal of *dumati (“to think”).\nAttempts for native etymology include:\n* Mladenov, Stender-Petersen: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”), *dymъ (“smoke”), perhaps originally meaning “breath, spirit”. Compare Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós, “soul, emotion”), occasionally also “thought, mind”.\n* Vaillant: Contracted from hypothetical *douma < *do- + *umъ (“mind”) + *-a. Compare *douměti (“to comprehend”) (whence Russian надоу́мить (nadoúmitʹ, “to advise”)).\n* Machek: From an inversion of root *mewHdʰ-, otherwise yielding Proto-Slavic *myslь (“thought”), Ancient Greek μῦθος (mûthos, “word, fable”).\nFick tentatively compares the Slavic word with Phrygian δουμος (doumos) (of dubious meaning), Ancient Greek θαῦμᾰ (thaûma, “wonder, miracle”) (< pre-Hellenic *dʰeh₂w-), based on phonetic similarities.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dùma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "dùma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dùma",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duma",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"breath, breathing"
],
"id": "en-duma-sla-pro-noun-pF-Zlomc",
"links": [
[
"breath",
"breath"
],
[
"breathing",
"breathing"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"word"
],
"id": "en-duma-sla-pro-noun-mMHrTuk0",
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"qualifier": "uttered",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uttered) word"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 4 60 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 68 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"advice, council"
],
"id": "en-duma-sla-pro-noun-BkUW8yKm",
"links": [
[
"advice",
"advice"
],
[
"council",
"council"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"thought"
],
"id": "en-duma-sla-pro-noun-uBkjU6OY",
"links": [
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "duma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dumica"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "dumъka"
},
{
"english": "prater",
"word": "dumьcь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Church Slavonic: дума (duma) (Russian)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic: дума (duma, “advice, council; thought, intention; like-minded persons”), Дума (Duma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ду́ма",
"gloss": "thought"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ду́ма",
"gloss": "thought"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)\n→ Bulgarian: дума (duma)\n→ Buryat: дүүмэ (düüme)\n→ Chinese: 杜馬／杜马 (dùmǎ)/杜马 (dùmɑ̌)\n→ English: duma\n→ Finnish: duuma\n→ Finnish: tuuma\n→ Macedonian: дума (duma)\n⇒ Mongolian: дум (dum)\n→ Romanian: dumă\n→ Yakut: дума (duma)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought”)\n→ Bulgarian: дума (duma)\n→ Buryat: дүүмэ (düüme)\n→ Chinese: 杜馬／杜马 (dùmǎ)/杜马 (dùmɑ̌)\n→ English: duma\n→ Finnish: duuma\n→ Finnish: tuuma\n→ Macedonian: дума (duma)\n⇒ Mongolian: дум (dum)\n→ Romanian: dumă\n→ Yakut: дума (duma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ду́ма",
"gloss": "thought; epic song"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought; epic song”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ду́ма (dúma, “thought; epic song”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ду́ма",
"gloss": "word, thought"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ду́ма (dúma, “word, thought”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ду́ма (dúma, “word, thought”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Macedonian: dial. дума (duma, “thought”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ду̏ма",
"gloss": "(secret) thought; speech; mind, reason, memory",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ду̏ма (“(secret) thought; speech; mind, reason, memory”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ду̏ма (“(secret) thought; speech; mind, reason, memory”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "dȕma",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: dȕma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: dȕma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "duma",
"gloss": "pride, self-esteem, arrogance"
},
"expansion": "Polish: duma (“pride, self-esteem, arrogance”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: duma (“pride, self-esteem, arrogance”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "duma",
"gloss": "thinking, reasoning"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: duma (“thinking, reasoning”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: duma (“thinking, reasoning”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "doma",
"alt": "duõma",
"bor": "1",
"t": "thought"
},
"expansion": "→ Latvian: duõma (“thought”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latvian: duõma (“thought”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōmaz",
"4": "",
"5": "judgement"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (“judgement”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to smoke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*duti",
"3": "",
"4": "to blow, to inflate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θῡμός",
"3": "",
"4": "soul, emotion"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós, “soul, emotion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*do-",
"3": "*umъ",
"4": "*-a",
"nocat": "1",
"t2": "mind"
},
"expansion": "*do- + *umъ (“mind”) + *-a",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "надоу́мить",
"3": "",
"4": "to advise"
},
"expansion": "Russian надоу́мить (nadoúmitʹ, “to advise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*myslь",
"3": "",
"4": "thought"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *myslь (“thought”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "μῦθος",
"3": "",
"4": "word, fable"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μῦθος (mûthos, “word, fable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpg",
"2": "δουμος"
},
"expansion": "Phrygian δουμος (doumos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θαῦμᾰ",
"3": "",
"4": "wonder, miracle"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θαῦμᾰ (thaûma, “wonder, miracle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally viewed (per Miklošič, Ulhenbeck, Berneker) as a Germanic borrowing, ultimately from (some derivative of) Proto-Germanic *dōmaz (“judgement”), perhaps a deverbal of *dumati (“to think”).\nAttempts for native etymology include:\n* Mladenov, Stender-Petersen: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”), akin to Proto-Slavic *duti (“to blow, to inflate”), *dymъ (“smoke”), perhaps originally meaning “breath, spirit”. Compare Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós, “soul, emotion”), occasionally also “thought, mind”.\n* Vaillant: Contracted from hypothetical *douma < *do- + *umъ (“mind”) + *-a. Compare *douměti (“to comprehend”) (whence Russian надоу́мить (nadoúmitʹ, “to advise”)).\n* Machek: From an inversion of root *mewHdʰ-, otherwise yielding Proto-Slavic *myslь (“thought”), Ancient Greek μῦθος (mûthos, “word, fable”).\nFick tentatively compares the Slavic word with Phrygian δουμος (doumos) (of dubious meaning), Ancient Greek θαῦμᾰ (thaûma, “wonder, miracle”) (< pre-Hellenic *dʰeh₂w-), based on phonetic similarities.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dùma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "dùma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dùmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dùma",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duma",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"breath, breathing"
],
"links": [
[
"breath",
"breath"
],
[
"breathing",
"breathing"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"word"
],
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"qualifier": "uttered",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uttered) word"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"advice, council"
],
"links": [
[
"advice",
"advice"
],
[
"council",
"council"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"thought"
],
"links": [
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "duma"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.