See bez(ъ) in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bez(ъ) meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "безъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: безъ (bezŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: безъ (bezŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "безъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: безъ (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: безъ (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: без (bjez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: без (bjez)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Russian: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "без",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰱⰵⰸ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⰵⰸ (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⰵⰸ (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "бѐз",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: бѐз",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: бѐз"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "bèz",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: bèz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: bèz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "brez",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: brez",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "brez"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: brez (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: brez (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: bez"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Czech: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: bez"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Chod dialect"
},
"expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
"name": "a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bez"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): bez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "bez"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: bez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: bez, beze\nMasurian: bez\nPolish: bez\nSilesian: bez",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: bez, beze\nMasurian: bez\nPolish: bez\nSilesian: bez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "bez"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: bez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "bjez"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: bjez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: bjez"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "bźez"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: bźez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: bźez"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*beź"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *beź",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰe",
"pos": "instrumental particle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰe (instrumental particle)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*eǵʰs",
"3": "*-ǵʰs",
"t": "out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ǵʰs (“out”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bè"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bè",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bez"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bez",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "bhe"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian bhe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बहिस्",
"t": "outside",
"tr": "bahís"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit बहिस् (bahís, “outside”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bo",
"3": "",
"4": "for"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bo (“for”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bà",
"3": "",
"4": "really"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bà (“really”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φή",
"3": "",
"4": "like, as"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬁",
"3": "",
"4": "indeed"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Continues Proto-Balto-Slavic *beź, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰe (instrumental particle) + Proto-Indo-European *-ǵʰs (“out”). Cognate with Lithuanian bè, Latvian bez, Old Prussian bhe, and likely Sanskrit बहिस् (bahís, “outside”). The first element is probably the same as that in Proto-Slavic *bo (“for”), Lithuanian bà (“really”), Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”), Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bez",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*bez(ъ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bez(ъ)",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"alt": "n",
"word": "*sъ"
},
{
"word": "*ba"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"id": "en-bez(ъ)-sla-pro-prep-EhayqIl1",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with genitive) without"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-genitive"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "bez(ъ)"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "безъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: безъ (bezŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: безъ (bezŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "безъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: безъ (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: безъ (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: без (bjez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: без (bjez)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Russian: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "без",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰱⰵⰸ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⰵⰸ (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⰵⰸ (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "без"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: без (bez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: без (bez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "бѐз",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: бѐз",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: бѐз"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "bèz",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: bèz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: bèz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "brez",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: brez",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "brez"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: brez (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: brez (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: bez"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Czech: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: bez"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Chod dialect"
},
"expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
"name": "a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bez"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): bez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "bez"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: bez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: bez, beze\nMasurian: bez\nPolish: bez\nSilesian: bez",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: bez, beze\nMasurian: bez\nPolish: bez\nSilesian: bez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "bez"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: bez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "bjez"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: bjez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: bjez"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "bźez"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: bźez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: bźez"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*beź"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *beź",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰe",
"pos": "instrumental particle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰe (instrumental particle)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*eǵʰs",
"3": "*-ǵʰs",
"t": "out"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ǵʰs (“out”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bè"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bè",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bez"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bez",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "bhe"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian bhe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बहिस्",
"t": "outside",
"tr": "bahís"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit बहिस् (bahís, “outside”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bo",
"3": "",
"4": "for"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bo (“for”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bà",
"3": "",
"4": "really"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bà (“really”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φή",
"3": "",
"4": "like, as"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬁",
"3": "",
"4": "indeed"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Continues Proto-Balto-Slavic *beź, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰe (instrumental particle) + Proto-Indo-European *-ǵʰs (“out”). Cognate with Lithuanian bè, Latvian bez, Old Prussian bhe, and likely Sanskrit बहिस् (bahís, “outside”). The first element is probably the same as that in Proto-Slavic *bo (“for”), Lithuanian bà (“really”), Ancient Greek φή (phḗ, “like, as”), Avestan 𐬠𐬁 (bā, “indeed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bez",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*bez(ъ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bez(ъ)",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"alt": "n",
"word": "*sъ"
},
{
"word": "*ba"
}
],
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic prepositions",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with genitive) without"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"with-genitive"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "bez(ъ)"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.