See čerpъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for čerpъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "черепъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: черепъ (čerepŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: черепъ (čerepŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "чэ́рап"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: чэ́рап (čérap)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: чэ́рап (čérap)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "че́реп"
},
"expansion": "Russian: че́реп (čérep)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: че́реп (čérep)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "че́реп",
"bor": "1",
"t": "skull"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: че́реп (čérep, “skull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: че́реп (čérep, “skull”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "череп",
"bor": "1",
"t": "skull"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: череп (čerep, “skull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: череп (čerep, “skull”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "че́реп"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: че́реп (čérep)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: че́реп (čérep)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czerep",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: czerep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: czerep"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "чрѣпъ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: чрѣпъ (črěpŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: чрѣпъ (črěpŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱍⱃⱑⱂⱏ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⱃⱑⱂⱏ (črěpŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⱃⱑⱂⱏ (črěpŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "чреп",
"3": "цреп",
"qq": "obsolete, dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: чреп (črep), цреп (crep) (obsolete, dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: чреп (črep), цреп (crep) (obsolete, dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "цреп",
"t": "broken piece of pottery"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: цреп (crep, “broken piece of pottery”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: цреп (crep, “broken piece of pottery”), црепна (crepna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "цре̑п",
"3": "црије̑п",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: цре̑п, црије̑п",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: цре̑п, црије̑п"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "crȇp",
"3": "crijȇp",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: crȇp, crijȇp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: crȇp, crijȇp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "črép"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: črép",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: črép"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "čřěp"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: čřěp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: čřěp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "střep"
},
"expansion": "Czech: střep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: střep"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "czërzep"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: czërzep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: czërzep"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "trzop",
"3": "strzop"
},
"expansion": "Polish: trzop, strzop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: trzop, strzop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "črep"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: črep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: črep"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "crjop"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: crjop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: crjop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "črjop"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: črjop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: črjop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "cserép",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: cserép",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: cserép"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kerp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kerpas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kerpas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kerpos",
"4": "",
"5": "shell, sharp object"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerpos (“shell, sharp object”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tēsta",
"3": "",
"4": "brick, tile"
},
"expansion": "Latin tēsta (“brick, tile”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "tête",
"3": "",
"4": "head"
},
"expansion": "French tête (“head”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kerpas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerpos (“shell, sharp object”) , from *(s)kerp-. The original meaning was \"clay pot or vessel\". For a semantic shift to \"skull\" compare Latin tēsta (“brick, tile”) > French tête (“head”). Alternatively, could have originated from *kʷerp- (“to whirl, to twist”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "čȇrpъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "čẽrpъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpý",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpě̃xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "čȇrpъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čerpъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"skull"
],
"id": "en-čerpъ-sla-pro-noun-jBpkpRWL",
"links": [
[
"skull",
"skull"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"broken piece of pottery"
],
"id": "en-čerpъ-sla-pro-noun-BkvcxevR",
"links": [
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"pottery",
"pottery"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "čerpъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kerp-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "черепъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: черепъ (čerepŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: черепъ (čerepŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "чэ́рап"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: чэ́рап (čérap)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: чэ́рап (čérap)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "че́реп"
},
"expansion": "Russian: че́реп (čérep)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: че́реп (čérep)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "че́реп",
"bor": "1",
"t": "skull"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: че́реп (čérep, “skull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: че́реп (čérep, “skull”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "череп",
"bor": "1",
"t": "skull"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: череп (čerep, “skull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: череп (čerep, “skull”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "че́реп"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: че́реп (čérep)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: че́реп (čérep)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czerep",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: czerep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: czerep"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "чрѣпъ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: чрѣпъ (črěpŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: чрѣпъ (črěpŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱍⱃⱑⱂⱏ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⱃⱑⱂⱏ (črěpŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⱃⱑⱂⱏ (črěpŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "чреп",
"3": "цреп",
"qq": "obsolete, dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: чреп (črep), цреп (crep) (obsolete, dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: чреп (črep), цреп (crep) (obsolete, dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "цреп",
"t": "broken piece of pottery"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: цреп (crep, “broken piece of pottery”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: цреп (crep, “broken piece of pottery”), црепна (crepna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "цре̑п",
"3": "црије̑п",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: цре̑п, црије̑п",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: цре̑п, црије̑п"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "crȇp",
"3": "crijȇp",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: crȇp, crijȇp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: crȇp, crijȇp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "črép"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: črép",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: črép"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "čřěp"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: čřěp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: čřěp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "střep"
},
"expansion": "Czech: střep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: střep"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "czërzep"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: czërzep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: czërzep"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "trzop",
"3": "strzop"
},
"expansion": "Polish: trzop, strzop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: trzop, strzop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "črep"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: črep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: črep"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "crjop"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: crjop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: crjop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "črjop"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: črjop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: črjop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "cserép",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: cserép",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: cserép"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kerp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kerpas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kerpas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kerpos",
"4": "",
"5": "shell, sharp object"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerpos (“shell, sharp object”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tēsta",
"3": "",
"4": "brick, tile"
},
"expansion": "Latin tēsta (“brick, tile”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "tête",
"3": "",
"4": "head"
},
"expansion": "French tête (“head”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kerpas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerpos (“shell, sharp object”) , from *(s)kerp-. The original meaning was \"clay pot or vessel\". For a semantic shift to \"skull\" compare Latin tēsta (“brick, tile”) > French tête (“head”). Alternatively, could have originated from *kʷerp- (“to whirl, to twist”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "čȇrpъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "čẽrpъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpý",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpě̃xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "čerpe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "čȇrpi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "čȇrpъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čerpъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"skull"
],
"links": [
[
"skull",
"skull"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"broken piece of pottery"
],
"links": [
[
"piece",
"piece"
],
[
"pottery",
"pottery"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "čerpъ"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.