"e-ka" meaning in Proto-Japonic

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ojp",
            "2": "如何",
            "tr": "ika"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Japanese: 如何 (ika)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Japanese: 如何 (ika)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "如何",
            "tr": "ika, ikaga"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: 如何 (ika, ikaga)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: 如何 (ika, ikaga) (< ika, ika-ni-ka)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
            "2": "*e-ka"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan: *e-ka\nNorthern Ryukyuan:\nKikai: 如何 (sha, sa), 如何な (ixana)\nKunigami: 如何 (cā, ikāna, hikāna)\nNorthern Amami-Oshima: 如何し (xyashi)\nOkinawan: 如何 (chā, icha, ikana)\nOki-No-Erabu: 如何 (icha, ikya)\n⇒ Southern Amami-Oshima: 如何し (ikyashi, ixyāshi)\n⇒ Toku-No-Shima: 如何すぃ (ikyasï)\nYoron: 如何 (ichā)\nSouthern Ryukyuan:\nMiyako: 如何 (ikya)\n⇒ Yaeyama: 如何有ら (ikāra)\n⇒ Yonaguni: 如何な (ikana)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Ryukyuan: *e-ka\nNorthern Ryukyuan:\nKikai: 如何 (sha, sa), 如何な (ixana)\nKunigami: 如何 (cā, ikāna, hikāna)\nNorthern Amami-Oshima: 如何し (xyashi)\nOkinawan: 如何 (chā, icha, ikana)\nOki-No-Erabu: 如何 (icha, ikya)\n⇒ Southern Amami-Oshima: 如何し (ikyashi, ixyāshi)\n⇒ Toku-No-Shima: 如何すぃ (ikyasï)\nYoron: 如何 (ichā)\nSouthern Ryukyuan:\nMiyako: 如何 (ikya)\n⇒ Yaeyama: 如何有ら (ikāra)\n⇒ Yonaguni: 如何な (ikana)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Vovin (2020:302)"
      },
      "expansion": "Vovin (2020:302)",
      "name": "ja-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ryu",
        "2": "如何し",
        "tr": "kāshi",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Okinawan 如何し (kāshi)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ryu",
        "2": "池",
        "t": "pond of a garden",
        "tr": "ichi",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Okinawan 池 (ichi, “pond of a garden”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
        "2": "*ike",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan *ike",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ryn",
        "2": "急がるり",
        "t": "to rush",
        "tr": "ishogaruri",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Amami-Oshima 急がるり (ishogaruri, “to rush”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
        "2": "*isogi",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan *isogi",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "엇〯더〮",
        "2": "ěsté",
        "3": "how"
      },
      "expansion": "엇〯더〮 (Yale: ěsté, “how”)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Vovin (2020:302) apparently reconstructs initial *e- on the speculative basis that \"the Northern Amami dialects point to initial proto-Ryukyuan *e-, not *i-\", and claims the lack of palatalization in Benoki Okinawan 如何し (kāshi) demonstrates that the initial *e- is segmentable. However, it appears that no Ryukyuan dialect faithfully preserves the distinction of intial Proto-Japonic *e ~ *i, except *i- would trigger palatalization in a velar, alveolar , whether it is part of the phoneme or precedes the following syllable (c.f. Okinawan 池 (ichi, “pond of a garden”) < Proto-Ryukyuan *ike or Northern Amami-Oshima 急がるり (ishogaruri, “to rush”) < Proto-Ryukyuan *isogi).\nIf the reconstruction is correct, the initial *e- may be cognate with Middle Korean 엇〯더〮 (Yale: ěsté, “how”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "*e-ka",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Japonic",
  "lang_code": "jpx-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/e-ka",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Japonic pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "how"
      ],
      "id": "en-e-ka-jpx-pro-pron-gESq4fho",
      "links": [
        [
          "how",
          "how"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "e-ka"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ojp",
            "2": "如何",
            "tr": "ika"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Japanese: 如何 (ika)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Japanese: 如何 (ika)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "如何",
            "tr": "ika, ikaga"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: 如何 (ika, ikaga)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: 如何 (ika, ikaga) (< ika, ika-ni-ka)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
            "2": "*e-ka"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan: *e-ka\nNorthern Ryukyuan:\nKikai: 如何 (sha, sa), 如何な (ixana)\nKunigami: 如何 (cā, ikāna, hikāna)\nNorthern Amami-Oshima: 如何し (xyashi)\nOkinawan: 如何 (chā, icha, ikana)\nOki-No-Erabu: 如何 (icha, ikya)\n⇒ Southern Amami-Oshima: 如何し (ikyashi, ixyāshi)\n⇒ Toku-No-Shima: 如何すぃ (ikyasï)\nYoron: 如何 (ichā)\nSouthern Ryukyuan:\nMiyako: 如何 (ikya)\n⇒ Yaeyama: 如何有ら (ikāra)\n⇒ Yonaguni: 如何な (ikana)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Ryukyuan: *e-ka\nNorthern Ryukyuan:\nKikai: 如何 (sha, sa), 如何な (ixana)\nKunigami: 如何 (cā, ikāna, hikāna)\nNorthern Amami-Oshima: 如何し (xyashi)\nOkinawan: 如何 (chā, icha, ikana)\nOki-No-Erabu: 如何 (icha, ikya)\n⇒ Southern Amami-Oshima: 如何し (ikyashi, ixyāshi)\n⇒ Toku-No-Shima: 如何すぃ (ikyasï)\nYoron: 如何 (ichā)\nSouthern Ryukyuan:\nMiyako: 如何 (ikya)\n⇒ Yaeyama: 如何有ら (ikāra)\n⇒ Yonaguni: 如何な (ikana)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Vovin (2020:302)"
      },
      "expansion": "Vovin (2020:302)",
      "name": "ja-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ryu",
        "2": "如何し",
        "tr": "kāshi",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Okinawan 如何し (kāshi)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ryu",
        "2": "池",
        "t": "pond of a garden",
        "tr": "ichi",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Okinawan 池 (ichi, “pond of a garden”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
        "2": "*ike",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan *ike",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ryn",
        "2": "急がるり",
        "t": "to rush",
        "tr": "ishogaruri",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Amami-Oshima 急がるり (ishogaruri, “to rush”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
        "2": "*isogi",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan *isogi",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "엇〯더〮",
        "2": "ěsté",
        "3": "how"
      },
      "expansion": "엇〯더〮 (Yale: ěsté, “how”)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Vovin (2020:302) apparently reconstructs initial *e- on the speculative basis that \"the Northern Amami dialects point to initial proto-Ryukyuan *e-, not *i-\", and claims the lack of palatalization in Benoki Okinawan 如何し (kāshi) demonstrates that the initial *e- is segmentable. However, it appears that no Ryukyuan dialect faithfully preserves the distinction of intial Proto-Japonic *e ~ *i, except *i- would trigger palatalization in a velar, alveolar , whether it is part of the phoneme or precedes the following syllable (c.f. Okinawan 池 (ichi, “pond of a garden”) < Proto-Ryukyuan *ike or Northern Amami-Oshima 急がるり (ishogaruri, “to rush”) < Proto-Ryukyuan *isogi).\nIf the reconstruction is correct, the initial *e- may be cognate with Middle Korean 엇〯더〮 (Yale: ěsté, “how”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "*e-ka",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Japonic",
  "lang_code": "jpx-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/e-ka",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Japonic lemmas",
        "Proto-Japonic multiword terms",
        "Proto-Japonic pronouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "how"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "how",
          "how"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "e-ka"
}