See per in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for per meaning in Proto-Indo-European (2.7kB)
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "last year; year; with *wet- ()",
"word": "péruti"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*per"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *per",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *per"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "per",
"3": "per-"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: per, per-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: per, per-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*per",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *per, *per-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *per, *per- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*per"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *per",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *per"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per"
},
"expansion": "Latin: per",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: per"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*firi-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *firi-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *firi- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "περί"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: περί (perí)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: περί (perí)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "परि"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: परि (pari)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: परि (pari)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (paⁱri)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (paⁱri)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "*per",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"around"
],
"id": "en-per-ine-pro-adv-pKAMhA~D",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"through"
],
"id": "en-per-ine-pro-adv-nGcl3Caa",
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "per"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European adverbs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "last year; year; with *wet- ()",
"word": "péruti"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*per"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *per",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *per"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "per",
"3": "per-"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: per, per-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: per, per-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*per",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *per, *per-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *per, *per- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*per"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *per",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *per"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per"
},
"expansion": "Latin: per",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: per"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*firi-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *firi-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *firi- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "περί"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: περί (perí)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: περί (perí)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "परि"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: परि (pari)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: परि (pari)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (paⁱri)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (paⁱri)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "*per",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"around"
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"through"
],
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "per"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.