See bʰrewh₁- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bʰrewh₁- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrewh₁- (root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brewwaną",
"t": "to brew"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *brewwaną (“to brew”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *brewwaną (“to brew”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrowh₁- (o-grade)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*brāu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *brāu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *brāu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "mbruaj"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: mbruaj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: mbruaj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrenw- (nasal infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brinnaną",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *brinnaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *brinnaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰréh₁wr̥"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrowh₁-tó-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*braudą",
"t": "bread",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *braudą (“bread”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *braudą (“bread”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰru(h₁)-to-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txh",
"2": "*brutos",
"pos": "in the masculine",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "Thracian: *brutos (in the masculine)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Thracian: *brutos (in the masculine)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βρῦτος",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: βρῦτος (brûtos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: βρῦτος (brûtos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*brutom",
"pos": "in the neuter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *brutom (in the neuter)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *brutom (in the neuter)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "brwd"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: brwd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: brwd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bruþą",
"pos": "in the neuter",
"t": "broth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bruþą (“broth”, in the neuter)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bruþą (“broth”, in the neuter) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*frutom",
"pos": "in the neuter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *frutom (in the neuter)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *frutom (in the neuter)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dēfrutum"
},
"expansion": "Latin: dēfrutum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: dēfrutum, dēfritum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰréwmn̥-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*bruma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bruma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "brumë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: brumë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: brumë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰru-tus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*brutus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *brutus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *brutus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "bruth"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: bruth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: bruth"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "bruth"
},
"expansion": "Irish: bruth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: bruth"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰerw-ós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*berwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *berwos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *berwos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰorw-ós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*borwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *borwos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *borwos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Boruo"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: Boruo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: Boruo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*britśiā",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *britśiā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *britśiā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bërsi"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bërsi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bërsi"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *bʰer- (“to boil”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrewh₁-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to boil"
],
"id": "en-bʰrewh₁--ine-pro-root-yG~NxbN7",
"links": [
[
"boil",
"boil"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReRH-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to brew"
],
"id": "en-bʰrewh₁--ine-pro-root-QPtFaNC7",
"links": [
[
"brew",
"brew"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "bʰrewh₁-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European CReRH-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrewh₁- (root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brewwaną",
"t": "to brew"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *brewwaną (“to brew”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *brewwaną (“to brew”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrowh₁- (o-grade)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*brāu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *brāu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *brāu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "mbruaj"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: mbruaj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: mbruaj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrenw- (nasal infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brinnaną",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *brinnaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *brinnaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰréh₁wr̥"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrowh₁-tó-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*braudą",
"t": "bread",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *braudą (“bread”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *braudą (“bread”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰru(h₁)-to-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txh",
"2": "*brutos",
"pos": "in the masculine",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "Thracian: *brutos (in the masculine)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Thracian: *brutos (in the masculine)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βρῦτος",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: βρῦτος (brûtos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: βρῦτος (brûtos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*brutom",
"pos": "in the neuter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *brutom (in the neuter)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *brutom (in the neuter)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "brwd"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: brwd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: brwd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bruþą",
"pos": "in the neuter",
"t": "broth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bruþą (“broth”, in the neuter)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bruþą (“broth”, in the neuter) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*frutom",
"pos": "in the neuter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *frutom (in the neuter)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *frutom (in the neuter)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dēfrutum"
},
"expansion": "Latin: dēfrutum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: dēfrutum, dēfritum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰréwmn̥-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*bruma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bruma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "brumë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: brumë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: brumë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰru-tus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*brutus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *brutus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *brutus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "bruth"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: bruth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: bruth"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "bruth"
},
"expansion": "Irish: bruth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: bruth"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰerw-ós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*berwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *berwos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *berwos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰorw-ós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*borwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *borwos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *borwos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Boruo"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: Boruo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: Boruo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*britśiā",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *britśiā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *britśiā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bërsi"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bërsi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bërsi"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *bʰer- (“to boil”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrewh₁-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to boil"
],
"links": [
[
"boil",
"boil"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to brew"
],
"links": [
[
"brew",
"brew"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "bʰrewh₁-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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