See un- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for un- meaning in Proto-Germanic (2.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*un-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *un-\nOld English: un-, on-\nMiddle English: un-\nScots: un-\nEnglish: un-\nOld Frisian: un-\nNorth Frisian: ün-\nSaterland Frisian: uun-\nWest Frisian: ûn-, on-\nOld Saxon: un-\nLow German: on-, un-\nOld Dutch: un-\nMiddle Dutch: on-\nDutch: on-\nAfrikaans: on-\nLimburgish: ón-\nOld High German: un-\nMiddle High German: un-\nAlemannic German: o-, u-\nGerman: un-\nLuxembourgish: un-\nYiddish: אומ־ (um-)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *un-\nOld English: un-, on-\nMiddle English: un-\nScots: un-\nEnglish: un-\nOld Frisian: un-\nNorth Frisian: ün-\nSaterland Frisian: uun-\nWest Frisian: ûn-, on-\nOld Saxon: un-\nLow German: on-, un-\nOld Dutch: un-\nMiddle Dutch: on-\nDutch: on-\nAfrikaans: on-\nLimburgish: ón-\nOld High German: un-\nMiddle High German: un-\nAlemannic German: o-, u-\nGerman: un-\nLuxembourgish: un-\nYiddish: אומ־ (um-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚢᚾ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚢᚾ- (un-)\nOld Norse: ú-, ó-\nIcelandic: ó-\nFaroese: ó-\nNorwegian Nynorsk: u-, o-\nOld Swedish: ō-\nSwedish: o-\nDanish: u-\nNorwegian Bokmål: u-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: ᚢᚾ- (un-)\nOld Norse: ú-, ó-\nIcelandic: ó-\nFaroese: ó-\nNorwegian Nynorsk: u-, o-\nOld Swedish: ō-\nSwedish: o-\nDanish: u-\nNorwegian Bokmål: u-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌿𐌽-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌿𐌽- (un-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌿𐌽- (un-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvn",
"2": "*un-"
},
"expansion": "Vandalic: *un-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vandalic: *un-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/un-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not, un-"
],
"id": "en-un--gem-pro-prefix-qcT8rj7t",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ne"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "un-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*un-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *un-\nOld English: un-, on-\nMiddle English: un-\nScots: un-\nEnglish: un-\nOld Frisian: un-\nNorth Frisian: ün-\nSaterland Frisian: uun-\nWest Frisian: ûn-, on-\nOld Saxon: un-\nLow German: on-, un-\nOld Dutch: un-\nMiddle Dutch: on-\nDutch: on-\nAfrikaans: on-\nLimburgish: ón-\nOld High German: un-\nMiddle High German: un-\nAlemannic German: o-, u-\nGerman: un-\nLuxembourgish: un-\nYiddish: אומ־ (um-)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *un-\nOld English: un-, on-\nMiddle English: un-\nScots: un-\nEnglish: un-\nOld Frisian: un-\nNorth Frisian: ün-\nSaterland Frisian: uun-\nWest Frisian: ûn-, on-\nOld Saxon: un-\nLow German: on-, un-\nOld Dutch: un-\nMiddle Dutch: on-\nDutch: on-\nAfrikaans: on-\nLimburgish: ón-\nOld High German: un-\nMiddle High German: un-\nAlemannic German: o-, u-\nGerman: un-\nLuxembourgish: un-\nYiddish: אומ־ (um-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚢᚾ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚢᚾ- (un-)\nOld Norse: ú-, ó-\nIcelandic: ó-\nFaroese: ó-\nNorwegian Nynorsk: u-, o-\nOld Swedish: ō-\nSwedish: o-\nDanish: u-\nNorwegian Bokmål: u-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: ᚢᚾ- (un-)\nOld Norse: ú-, ó-\nIcelandic: ó-\nFaroese: ó-\nNorwegian Nynorsk: u-, o-\nOld Swedish: ō-\nSwedish: o-\nDanish: u-\nNorwegian Bokmål: u-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌿𐌽-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌿𐌽- (un-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌿𐌽- (un-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvn",
"2": "*un-"
},
"expansion": "Vandalic: *un-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vandalic: *un-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/un-",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ne"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic prefixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"not, un-"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "un-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.