See przez in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for przez meaning in Old Polish (7.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "prżez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: prżez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: prżez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "przez",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: przez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: przez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "przez"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: przez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: przez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perz",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perz"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perz",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "1388",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1388.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *perz. First attested in 1388.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "przez [+accusative]",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"denotes movement from one side to the other, either on the surface or through the middle; physically or metaphorically across, through; along"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-JPHRJMLy",
"links": [
[
"across",
"across"
],
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"along",
"along"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes lengths of time for"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-ARtZiECZ",
"links": [
[
"for",
"for"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes a period occurring after something else after"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-9KSW0c-C",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"excluding"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-o7wTyset",
"links": [
[
"excluding",
"excluding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in temporal constructions) excluding"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in temporal constructions"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"every other"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-ecwJRizU",
"links": [
[
"every other",
"every other"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-bbfYA-dP",
"links": [
[
"day",
"day"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"qualifier": "the day",
"raw_glosses": [
"(the day) before"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes intended recipient or goal aimed at; for"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-NsUD5EOP",
"links": [
[
"aimed at",
"aimed at"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"because of"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-Ca1GU7O3",
"links": [
[
"because of",
"because of"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"despite"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-bb77T-Aj",
"links": [
[
"despite",
"despite"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes an agent thanks to, due to"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-bVFiwGeY",
"links": [
[
"thanks to",
"thanks to"
],
[
"due to",
"due to"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes manner or adverbial use of a noun"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-skld8uvs"
},
{
"glosses": [
"according to"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-KWGm0cjc",
"links": [
[
"according to",
"according to"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes circumflex movement around"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-fhqPFmhg",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes distribution per"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-9HgT1Zkf",
"links": [
[
"per",
"per"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"used vocatively o"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-Mepr5BuO",
"links": [
[
"o",
"o"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes instrumentality through, by means of"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-KmilwxB4",
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"by means of",
"by means of"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes object of interpretation"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-q4-n~FvX"
},
{
"glosses": [
"used in passive constructions by"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-usFVCO2F",
"links": [
[
"by",
"by"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 3 2 0 0 0 5 8 1 5 3 0 4 3 4 5 4 2 19 2 2 3 7 2 1 3 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 2 1 1 0 5 8 1 5 3 1 3 3 4 5 4 3 19 2 3 3 7 2 1 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes in addition, above"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-qPGgndQq",
"links": [
[
"in addition",
"in addition"
],
[
"above",
"above"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-I6wWwGKf",
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"denotes a time Earlier than something before"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-s9M2HO4Q",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "przeze"
}
],
"word": "przez"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "prżez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: prżez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: prżez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "przez",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "Polish: przez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: przez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "2"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "1388",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1388.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom przez, due to confusion with the rhyming preposition bez. The two words were and are used interchangeably in various dialects, and in Old Polish przez nearly replaced bez around the 14th-15th century. However, in the written language the earlier distinction ultimately prevailed. First attested in 1388.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "przez [+genitive]",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"denotes lack of something without"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-ZszRsQSi",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"used adverbially"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-qclU48zi",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes a time earlier than something before"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-8RGcUq0S",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nearly, almost"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-MfBXPw0p",
"links": [
[
"nearly",
"nearly"
],
[
"almost",
"almost"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes less than"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-As64P7-s",
"links": [
[
"less than",
"less than"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes action against something against"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-sBpgYH5O",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes exclusion besides, excluding, but"
],
"id": "en-przez-zlw-opl-prep-cHS5pgYM",
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
],
[
"excluding",
"excluding"
],
[
"but",
"but"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "przeze"
}
],
"word": "przez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "prżez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: prżez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: prżez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "przez",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: przez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: przez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "przez"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: przez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: przez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perz",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perz"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *perz",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "1388",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1388.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *perz. First attested in 1388.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "przez [+accusative]",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"denotes movement from one side to the other, either on the surface or through the middle; physically or metaphorically across, through; along"
],
"links": [
[
"across",
"across"
],
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"along",
"along"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes lengths of time for"
],
"links": [
[
"for",
"for"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes a period occurring after something else after"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"excluding"
],
"links": [
[
"excluding",
"excluding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in temporal constructions) excluding"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in temporal constructions"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"every other"
],
"links": [
[
"every other",
"every other"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"links": [
[
"day",
"day"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"qualifier": "the day",
"raw_glosses": [
"(the day) before"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes intended recipient or goal aimed at; for"
],
"links": [
[
"aimed at",
"aimed at"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"because of"
],
"links": [
[
"because of",
"because of"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"despite"
],
"links": [
[
"despite",
"despite"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes an agent thanks to, due to"
],
"links": [
[
"thanks to",
"thanks to"
],
[
"due to",
"due to"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes manner or adverbial use of a noun"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"according to"
],
"links": [
[
"according to",
"according to"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes circumflex movement around"
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes distribution per"
],
"links": [
[
"per",
"per"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"used vocatively o"
],
"links": [
[
"o",
"o"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes instrumentality through, by means of"
],
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"by means of",
"by means of"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes object of interpretation"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"used in passive constructions by"
],
"links": [
[
"by",
"by"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes in addition, above"
],
"links": [
[
"in addition",
"in addition"
],
[
"above",
"above"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"denotes a time Earlier than something before"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przeze"
}
],
"word": "przez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "prżez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: prżez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: prżez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "przez",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "Polish: przez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: przez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "2"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "1388",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1388.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom przez, due to confusion with the rhyming preposition bez. The two words were and are used interchangeably in various dialects, and in Old Polish przez nearly replaced bez around the 14th-15th century. However, in the written language the earlier distinction ultimately prevailed. First attested in 1388.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "przez [+genitive]",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"denotes lack of something without"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"used adverbially"
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes a time earlier than something before"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nearly, almost"
],
"links": [
[
"nearly",
"nearly"
],
[
"almost",
"almost"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes less than"
],
"links": [
[
"less than",
"less than"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes action against something against"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes exclusion besides, excluding, but"
],
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
],
[
"excluding",
"excluding"
],
[
"but",
"but"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przeze"
}
],
"word": "przez"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'przez [+accusative]' in 'przez [+accusative]'",
"path": [
"przez"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "przez",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'przez [+genitive]' in 'przez [+genitive]'",
"path": [
"przez"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "przez",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.