See bez in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bez meaning in Old Polish (6.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "best"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: best",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: best"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "elder"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bes",
"id": "elder"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bes"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "elder"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъzъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bъzъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъzъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th century.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ. First attested in the 15th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bez m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "bez m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 8 13 7 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 9 11 10 9 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elder (bush of genus Sambucus)"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-noun-pboa4Cyz",
"links": [
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"Sambucus",
"Sambucus#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bez-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "without"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bez",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bez",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bez"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1418"
},
"expansion": "1418",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1418"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1418.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *bez. First attested in 1418.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"without [+genitive]",
"without"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-JCCcN4WG",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"without [+genitive]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"contra, against [+genitive]",
"contra, against"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-636EQAEt",
"links": [
[
"contra",
"contra"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"contra, against [+genitive]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"besides, except [+genitive]",
"besides, except"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-C~DuEGIR",
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
],
[
"except",
"except"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"besides, except [+genitive]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"before [+genitive]",
"before"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-YAxuQKdy",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"before [+genitive]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "beze"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "through"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1512"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1512.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom bez, due to confusion with the rhyming preposition przez. The two words were and are used interchangeably in various dialects, and in Old Polish przez was about to replace bez around the 14th-15th century. In the written language the earlier distinction ultimately prevailed, however. First attested in c. 1512.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"through, by [+accusative]",
"through, by"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-waC6jybT",
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"by",
"by"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"through, by [+accusative]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"zlw-opl:Moschatel family plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "best"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: best",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: best"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "elder"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bes",
"id": "elder"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bes"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "elder"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъzъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bъzъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъzъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th century.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ. First attested in the 15th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bez m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "bez m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"elder (bush of genus Sambucus)"
],
"links": [
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"Sambucus",
"Sambucus#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"zlw-opl:Moschatel family plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bez-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "without"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bez",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bez",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bez"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1418"
},
"expansion": "1418",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1418"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1418.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *bez. First attested in 1418.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"without [+genitive]",
"without"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"without [+genitive]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"contra, against [+genitive]",
"contra, against"
],
"links": [
[
"contra",
"contra"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"contra, against [+genitive]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"besides, except [+genitive]",
"besides, except"
],
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
],
[
"except",
"except"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"besides, except [+genitive]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"before [+genitive]",
"before"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"before [+genitive]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beze"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"zlw-opl:Moschatel family plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "through"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1512"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1512.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom bez, due to confusion with the rhyming preposition przez. The two words were and are used interchangeably in various dialects, and in Old Polish przez was about to replace bez around the 14th-15th century. In the written language the earlier distinction ultimately prevailed, however. First attested in c. 1512.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"through, by [+accusative]",
"through, by"
],
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"by",
"by"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"through, by [+accusative]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'bez m animacy unattested' in 'bez m animacy unattested'",
"path": [
"bez"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bez",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.