See な in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for な meaning in Old Japanese (8.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "刀",
"tr": "katana"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: 刀 (katana)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: 刀 (katana)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "鉈",
"tr": "nata"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: 鉈 (nata)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: 鉈 (nata) (possibly)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "날",
"3": "",
"4": "blade"
},
"expansion": "Korean 날 (nal, “blade”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "刀",
"tr": "katana"
},
"expansion": "刀 (katana)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "刃",
"3": "",
"4": "blade, edge"
},
"expansion": "刃 (“blade, edge”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly cognate with modern Korean 날 (nal, “blade”).\nListed in various sources as the na portion in the term 刀 (katana), with the na described as meaning 刃 (“blade, edge”). However, there is no historical attestation for any na reading for this character.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": ", text here\n劔大刀名惜雲吾者無君爾不相而年之經去禮者\nturugi₁-tati na no₂ wosike₁ku mo ware pa nasi ki₁mi₁ ni apazute to₂si no₂ pe₂nureba\nI do not even miss precious you, given the years that have passed without meeting with you.\n[Note: turugi₁-tati (literally “double-edged longsword”) is a pillow word establishing a poetic association with the following na, literally meaning blade or edge and alluding to sharpness and importance. This na could also elliptically mean 名 (na, “name”) or even 汝 (na, “you”) depending on context, based on the homophonic readings.]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any sharp and thin cutting implement: a blade, edge"
],
"id": "en-な-ojp-noun-9S~IcTAH",
"links": [
[
"sharp",
"sharp#English"
],
[
"thin",
"thin#English"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting#Adjective"
],
[
"implement",
"implement#Noun"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese usage examples with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Usage examples with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "naka",
"word": "中"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "三國坂中井_(中、此云那)",
"roman": "A son of Kinmei Tennō.",
"text": "Nawi in Mikuni (read 中 as na)\n天渟中渟_(中此云農難)原瀛眞人天皇\nThe Emperor Ama-no₂-nunahara oki₁ no₂ mabi₁to₂ (read 中 as nuna)\n譯語田渟中倉太珠敷尊\nWOSADA NO₂ NUna KURA NO₂ PUTO₁ TAMASIKI₁ NO₂ MI₁KO₂TO₂",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"middle"
],
"id": "en-な-ojp-noun-pIiK9ORs",
"links": [
[
"middle",
"middle"
]
]
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "の",
"tr": "no₂"
},
"expansion": "の (no₂)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "掌",
"3": "",
"4": "palm of the hand",
"pos": "parsed as ta “hand” + na possessive + kokoro “heart, center”, changing to gokoro due to rendaku",
"tr": "tanagokoro"
},
"expansion": "掌 (tanagokoro, “palm of the hand”, parsed as ta “hand” + na [possessive] + kokoro “heart, center”, changing to gokoro due to rendaku)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Vovin (2020, pp. 119-123)"
},
"expansion": "Vovin (2020, pp. 119-123)",
"name": "ja-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly an apophonic form of の (no₂), from assimilation with adjacency to vowels such as a or u. Usage is mostly restricted to fixed expressions like 掌 (tanagokoro, “palm of the hand”, parsed as ta “hand” + na [possessive] + kokoro “heart, center”, changing to gokoro due to rendaku), due to such assimilation.\nVovin (2020, pp. 119-123) suggests that this may instead be a plural marker, which is supported by some terms changing due to rendaku, typically a contraction of -no₂- or -ni-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "particle",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "anasuwe",
"ruby": [
[
"足末",
"あなすゑ"
]
],
"word": "足末"
},
{
"roman": "tanaura",
"ruby": [
[
"掌",
"たなうら"
]
],
"word": "掌"
},
{
"roman": "tanagokoro",
"ruby": [
[
"掌",
"たなごころ"
]
],
"word": "掌"
},
{
"roman": "tanasuwe",
"ruby": [
[
"手末",
"たなすゑ"
]
],
"word": "手末"
},
{
"roman": "nunato",
"word": "ぬなと"
},
{
"roman": "hinakumori",
"word": "ひなくもり"
},
{
"roman": "manakafi",
"word": "まなかひ"
},
{
"roman": "manako",
"ruby": [
[
"眼",
"まなこ"
]
],
"word": "眼"
},
{
"roman": "manajiri",
"ruby": [
[
"眦",
"まなじり"
]
],
"word": "眦"
},
{
"roman": "minato",
"ruby": [
[
"港",
"みなと"
]
],
"word": "港"
},
{
"roman": "minamo",
"ruby": [
[
"水面",
"みなも"
]
],
"word": "水面"
},
{
"roman": "minamoto",
"ruby": [
[
"源",
"みなもと"
]
],
"word": "源"
},
{
"roman": "nagara",
"word": "ながら"
},
{
"roman": "minazuki",
"ruby": [
[
"水無月",
"みなづき"
]
],
"word": "水無月"
},
{
"roman": "kannazuki",
"ruby": [
[
"神無月",
"かんなづき"
]
],
"word": "神無月"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive case marker"
],
"id": "en-な-ojp-particle-q-XIh6P3",
"related": [
{
"english": "no",
"word": "の"
},
{
"roman": "tu",
"word": "つ"
},
{
"roman": "ga",
"word": "が"
}
]
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Various other terms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"名: name"
],
"id": "en-な-ojp-noun-Qs7g5fy1",
"links": [
[
"名",
"名#Old Japanese"
],
[
"name",
"name"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"字: written character"
],
"id": "en-な-ojp-noun-yvauVdzE",
"links": [
[
"字",
"字#Old Japanese"
],
[
"written",
"write"
],
[
"character",
"character"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 13 5 5 11 4 3 4 0 23 14 7 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 14 5 4 10 3 2 6 0 26 13 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"肴, 魚, 菜: side dish, especially fish, greens, etc."
],
"id": "en-な-ojp-noun-J9IaGQ7D",
"links": [
[
"肴",
"肴#Old Japanese"
],
[
"魚",
"魚#Old Japanese"
],
[
"菜",
"菜#Old Japanese"
],
[
"side dish",
"side dish"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"greens",
"green#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Various other terms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"汝: first-person singular pronoun: I, me; second-person singular pronoun: you, thou"
],
"id": "en-な-ojp-pron-1a25fBsP",
"links": [
[
"汝",
"汝#Old Japanese"
],
[
"first-person singular",
"first-person singular#English"
],
[
"pronoun",
"pronoun#English"
],
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
],
[
"second-person singular",
"second-person singular#English"
],
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"己, 汝: third-person reflexive pronoun: one, oneself, itself"
],
"id": "en-な-ojp-pron-zMySoZO7",
"links": [
[
"己",
"己#Old Japanese"
],
[
"汝",
"汝#Old Japanese"
],
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"reflexive pronoun",
"reflexive pronoun#English"
],
[
"one",
"one"
],
[
"oneself",
"oneself"
],
[
"itself",
"itself"
]
]
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "刀",
"tr": "katana"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: 刀 (katana)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: 刀 (katana)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "鉈",
"tr": "nata"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: 鉈 (nata)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: 鉈 (nata) (possibly)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "날",
"3": "",
"4": "blade"
},
"expansion": "Korean 날 (nal, “blade”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "刀",
"tr": "katana"
},
"expansion": "刀 (katana)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "刃",
"3": "",
"4": "blade, edge"
},
"expansion": "刃 (“blade, edge”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly cognate with modern Korean 날 (nal, “blade”).\nListed in various sources as the na portion in the term 刀 (katana), with the na described as meaning 刃 (“blade, edge”). However, there is no historical attestation for any na reading for this character.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ", text here\n劔大刀名惜雲吾者無君爾不相而年之經去禮者\nturugi₁-tati na no₂ wosike₁ku mo ware pa nasi ki₁mi₁ ni apazute to₂si no₂ pe₂nureba\nI do not even miss precious you, given the years that have passed without meeting with you.\n[Note: turugi₁-tati (literally “double-edged longsword”) is a pillow word establishing a poetic association with the following na, literally meaning blade or edge and alluding to sharpness and importance. This na could also elliptically mean 名 (na, “name”) or even 汝 (na, “you”) depending on context, based on the homophonic readings.]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any sharp and thin cutting implement: a blade, edge"
],
"links": [
[
"sharp",
"sharp#English"
],
[
"thin",
"thin#English"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting#Adjective"
],
[
"implement",
"implement#Noun"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "naka",
"word": "中"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Old Japanese usage examples with omitted translation"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "三國坂中井_(中、此云那)",
"roman": "A son of Kinmei Tennō.",
"text": "Nawi in Mikuni (read 中 as na)\n天渟中渟_(中此云農難)原瀛眞人天皇\nThe Emperor Ama-no₂-nunahara oki₁ no₂ mabi₁to₂ (read 中 as nuna)\n譯語田渟中倉太珠敷尊\nWOSADA NO₂ NUna KURA NO₂ PUTO₁ TAMASIKI₁ NO₂ MI₁KO₂TO₂",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"middle"
],
"links": [
[
"middle",
"middle"
]
]
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese particles",
"Old Japanese pronouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "anasuwe",
"ruby": [
[
"足末",
"あなすゑ"
]
],
"word": "足末"
},
{
"roman": "tanaura",
"ruby": [
[
"掌",
"たなうら"
]
],
"word": "掌"
},
{
"roman": "tanagokoro",
"ruby": [
[
"掌",
"たなごころ"
]
],
"word": "掌"
},
{
"roman": "tanasuwe",
"ruby": [
[
"手末",
"たなすゑ"
]
],
"word": "手末"
},
{
"roman": "nunato",
"word": "ぬなと"
},
{
"roman": "hinakumori",
"word": "ひなくもり"
},
{
"roman": "manakafi",
"word": "まなかひ"
},
{
"roman": "manako",
"ruby": [
[
"眼",
"まなこ"
]
],
"word": "眼"
},
{
"roman": "manajiri",
"ruby": [
[
"眦",
"まなじり"
]
],
"word": "眦"
},
{
"roman": "minato",
"ruby": [
[
"港",
"みなと"
]
],
"word": "港"
},
{
"roman": "minamo",
"ruby": [
[
"水面",
"みなも"
]
],
"word": "水面"
},
{
"roman": "minamoto",
"ruby": [
[
"源",
"みなもと"
]
],
"word": "源"
},
{
"roman": "nagara",
"word": "ながら"
},
{
"roman": "minazuki",
"ruby": [
[
"水無月",
"みなづき"
]
],
"word": "水無月"
},
{
"roman": "kannazuki",
"ruby": [
[
"神無月",
"かんなづき"
]
],
"word": "神無月"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "の",
"tr": "no₂"
},
"expansion": "の (no₂)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "掌",
"3": "",
"4": "palm of the hand",
"pos": "parsed as ta “hand” + na possessive + kokoro “heart, center”, changing to gokoro due to rendaku",
"tr": "tanagokoro"
},
"expansion": "掌 (tanagokoro, “palm of the hand”, parsed as ta “hand” + na [possessive] + kokoro “heart, center”, changing to gokoro due to rendaku)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Vovin (2020, pp. 119-123)"
},
"expansion": "Vovin (2020, pp. 119-123)",
"name": "ja-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly an apophonic form of の (no₂), from assimilation with adjacency to vowels such as a or u. Usage is mostly restricted to fixed expressions like 掌 (tanagokoro, “palm of the hand”, parsed as ta “hand” + na [possessive] + kokoro “heart, center”, changing to gokoro due to rendaku), due to such assimilation.\nVovin (2020, pp. 119-123) suggests that this may instead be a plural marker, which is supported by some terms changing due to rendaku, typically a contraction of -no₂- or -ni-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "particle",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "particle",
"related": [
{
"english": "no",
"word": "の"
},
{
"roman": "tu",
"word": "つ"
},
{
"roman": "ga",
"word": "が"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"genitive case marker"
]
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Various other terms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"名: name"
],
"links": [
[
"名",
"名#Old Japanese"
],
[
"name",
"name"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"字: written character"
],
"links": [
[
"字",
"字#Old Japanese"
],
[
"written",
"write"
],
[
"character",
"character"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"肴, 魚, 菜: side dish, especially fish, greens, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"肴",
"肴#Old Japanese"
],
[
"魚",
"魚#Old Japanese"
],
[
"菜",
"菜#Old Japanese"
],
[
"side dish",
"side dish"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"greens",
"green#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"word": "な"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese pronouns"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Various other terms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "na",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "na"
},
"expansion": "な (na)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"汝: first-person singular pronoun: I, me; second-person singular pronoun: you, thou"
],
"links": [
[
"汝",
"汝#Old Japanese"
],
[
"first-person singular",
"first-person singular#English"
],
[
"pronoun",
"pronoun#English"
],
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
],
[
"second-person singular",
"second-person singular#English"
],
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"己, 汝: third-person reflexive pronoun: one, oneself, itself"
],
"links": [
[
"己",
"己#Old Japanese"
],
[
"汝",
"汝#Old Japanese"
],
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"reflexive pronoun",
"reflexive pronoun#English"
],
[
"one",
"one"
],
[
"oneself",
"oneself"
],
[
"itself",
"itself"
]
]
}
],
"word": "な"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.