See hu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hu meaning in Old English (5.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "how"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: how, hou, howe, hu, hwu, whu, wou, wu\nEnglish: how\nGeordie English: hoo\nScots: hoo, how, foo\nYola: fowe, how",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: how, hou, howe, hu, hwu, whu, wou, wu\nEnglish: how\nGeordie English: hoo\nScots: hoo, how, foo\nYola: fowe, how"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hū"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hū"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon hū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoe"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hoe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wuo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wuo",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwō. Cognate with Old Frisian hū, Old Saxon hū (Dutch hoe), Old High German wuo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hū",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hū"
},
"expansion": "hū",
"name": "ang-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How old is your daughter?",
"text": "Hū eald is þīn dohtor?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How much gold do you have on you?",
"text": "Hū miċel gold hæfst þū on þē?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How about food? How much dost thou desire that?",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies\nHū be mete? hū swīðe lyst þē þæs?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses, including:",
"to what degree"
],
"id": "en-hu-ang-adv-Q97MceKM",
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How do you say that in English?",
"text": "Hū sæġþ man þæt on Englisċ?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How are you? (Literally: \"How are you faring?\")",
"text": "Hū færest þū?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses, including:",
"in what manner"
],
"id": "en-hu-ang-adv-7phEbR9S",
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How was your day?",
"text": "Hū wæs þīn dæġ?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You know King Alfred? What is he like?",
"text": "Þū canst Ælfrēd cyning? Hū is hē?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses, including:",
"in what state"
],
"id": "en-hu-ang-adv-EqscPGAM",
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Oh, what a good person!",
"text": "c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English\nĒalā hū gōd mann!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in exclamations"
],
"id": "en-hu-ang-adv-axrr-x7y"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 10 21 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Aren't you the person who was raised and taught in my school?",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy\nHū, ne eart þū sē mann þe on mīnre scōle wǣre āfēded and ġelǣred?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to introduce negative rhetorical questions"
],
"id": "en-hu-ang-adv-gLK9tTRM"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xuː/"
},
{
"ipa": "[huː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hwu"
}
],
"word": "hu"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "how"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: how, hou, howe, hu, hwu, whu, wou, wu\nEnglish: how\nGeordie English: hoo\nScots: hoo, how, foo\nYola: fowe, how",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: how, hou, howe, hu, hwu, whu, wou, wu\nEnglish: how\nGeordie English: hoo\nScots: hoo, how, foo\nYola: fowe, how"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hū"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hū"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon hū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoe"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hoe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wuo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wuo",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwō. Cognate with Old Frisian hū, Old Saxon hū (Dutch hoe), Old High German wuo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hū",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "conjunction",
"head": "hū",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hū",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "hū"
},
"expansion": "hū",
"name": "ang-con"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I learned how to repair a wagon.",
"text": "Iċ leornode hū man wæġn ġebētt.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "They asked how they could help.",
"text": "Hīe āscodon hū hīe helpan meahten.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses:",
"in what manner"
],
"id": "en-hu-ang-conj-cKY3teLt",
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I told them how I'd been at home all day and hadn't heard a thing.",
"text": "Iċ him sæġde hū iċ wǣre æt hām ealne dæġ and ne ġehīerde nāwiht.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It's amazing how they completed the bridge so quickly.",
"text": "Þæt is tō wundriġenne hū hīe þā bryċġe swā hrædlīċe ġefyldon.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses:",
"that, the fact that (introducing direct statements)"
],
"id": "en-hu-ang-conj-2zNglWml",
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"that",
"that"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xuː/"
},
{
"ipa": "[huː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hwu"
}
],
"word": "hu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English adverbs",
"Old English conjunctions",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "how"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: how, hou, howe, hu, hwu, whu, wou, wu\nEnglish: how\nGeordie English: hoo\nScots: hoo, how, foo\nYola: fowe, how",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: how, hou, howe, hu, hwu, whu, wou, wu\nEnglish: how\nGeordie English: hoo\nScots: hoo, how, foo\nYola: fowe, how"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hū"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hū"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon hū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoe"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hoe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wuo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wuo",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwō. Cognate with Old Frisian hū, Old Saxon hū (Dutch hoe), Old High German wuo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hū",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hū"
},
"expansion": "hū",
"name": "ang-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How old is your daughter?",
"text": "Hū eald is þīn dohtor?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How much gold do you have on you?",
"text": "Hū miċel gold hæfst þū on þē?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How about food? How much dost thou desire that?",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies\nHū be mete? hū swīðe lyst þē þæs?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses, including:",
"to what degree"
],
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How do you say that in English?",
"text": "Hū sæġþ man þæt on Englisċ?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How are you? (Literally: \"How are you faring?\")",
"text": "Hū færest þū?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses, including:",
"in what manner"
],
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How was your day?",
"text": "Hū wæs þīn dæġ?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You know King Alfred? What is he like?",
"text": "Þū canst Ælfrēd cyning? Hū is hē?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses, including:",
"in what state"
],
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Oh, what a good person!",
"text": "c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English\nĒalā hū gōd mann!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in exclamations"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Aren't you the person who was raised and taught in my school?",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy\nHū, ne eart þū sē mann þe on mīnre scōle wǣre āfēded and ġelǣred?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to introduce negative rhetorical questions"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xuː/"
},
{
"ipa": "[huː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hwu"
}
],
"word": "hu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English adverbs",
"Old English conjunctions",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "how"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: how, hou, howe, hu, hwu, whu, wou, wu\nEnglish: how\nGeordie English: hoo\nScots: hoo, how, foo\nYola: fowe, how",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: how, hou, howe, hu, hwu, whu, wou, wu\nEnglish: how\nGeordie English: hoo\nScots: hoo, how, foo\nYola: fowe, how"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hū"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hū"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon hū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoe"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hoe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wuo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wuo",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwō. Cognate with Old Frisian hū, Old Saxon hū (Dutch hoe), Old High German wuo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hū",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "conjunction",
"head": "hū",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hū",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "hū"
},
"expansion": "hū",
"name": "ang-con"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I learned how to repair a wagon.",
"text": "Iċ leornode hū man wæġn ġebētt.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "They asked how they could help.",
"text": "Hīe āscodon hū hīe helpan meahten.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses:",
"in what manner"
],
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I told them how I'd been at home all day and hadn't heard a thing.",
"text": "Iċ him sæġde hū iċ wǣre æt hām ealne dæġ and ne ġehīerde nāwiht.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It's amazing how they completed the bridge so quickly.",
"text": "Þæt is tō wundriġenne hū hīe þā bryċġe swā hrædlīċe ġefyldon.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how, in all senses:",
"that, the fact that (introducing direct statements)"
],
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
],
[
"that",
"that"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xuː/"
},
{
"ipa": "[huː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hwu"
}
],
"word": "hu"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.