"◌̇" meaning in Irish

See ◌̇ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

Etymology: Originally used in Latin-language manuscripts to "cross out" a letter written mistakenly, hence the name punctum delens (literally “deleting dot”). In Old Irish and Middle Irish manuscripts, it came to be sometimes used over ⟨f⟩ and ⟨s⟩ to show that these letters had undergone lenition to ∅ and /h/ respectively; the letters were thus effectively "crossed out" to show that their sounds had been deleted or debuccalized. In later Middle Irish and early Modern Irish, the dot came to be used to indicate lenition of any consonant. (In older Irish, lenition of ⟨c p t⟩ was indicated by ⟨ch ph th⟩, and lenition of ⟨b d g m⟩ was not shown at all.) Etymology templates: {{nowrap|⟨f⟩}} ⟨f⟩, {{angbr|f}} ⟨f⟩, {{nowrap|⟨s⟩}} ⟨s⟩, {{angbr|s}} ⟨s⟩, {{nowrap|⟨c p t⟩}} ⟨c p t⟩, {{angbr|c p t}} ⟨c p t⟩, {{nowrap|⟨ch ph th⟩}} ⟨ch ph th⟩, {{angbr|ch ph th}} ⟨ch ph th⟩, {{nowrap|⟨b d g m⟩}} ⟨b d g m⟩, {{angbr|b d g m}} ⟨b d g m⟩
  1. A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called ponc séimhithe (“lenition dot”) in Irish, and found on Ḃ/ḃ, Ċ/ċ, Ḋ/ḋ, Ḟ/ḟ, Ġ/ġ, Ṁ/ṁ, Ṗ/ṗ, Ṡ/ṡ and Ṫ/ṫ. Generally used only in Gaelic script; very rare in Latin script. Tags: diacritic Categories (topical): Irish diacritical marks
    Sense id: en-◌̇-ga-character--NhtORf4 Categories (other): Irish entries with incorrect language header, Irish terms in nonstandard scripts, Irish terms with redundant script codes

Download JSON data for ◌̇ meaning in Irish (3.0kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨f⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨f⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨f⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨s⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨s⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨s⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨c p t⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨c p t⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c p t"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨c p t⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨ch ph th⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨ch ph th⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ch ph th"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨ch ph th⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨b d g m⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨b d g m⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "b d g m"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨b d g m⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally used in Latin-language manuscripts to \"cross out\" a letter written mistakenly, hence the name punctum delens (literally “deleting dot”). In Old Irish and Middle Irish manuscripts, it came to be sometimes used over ⟨f⟩ and ⟨s⟩ to show that these letters had undergone lenition to ∅ and /h/ respectively; the letters were thus effectively \"crossed out\" to show that their sounds had been deleted or debuccalized. In later Middle Irish and early Modern Irish, the dot came to be used to indicate lenition of any consonant. (In older Irish, lenition of ⟨c p t⟩ was indicated by ⟨ch ph th⟩, and lenition of ⟨b d g m⟩ was not shown at all.)",
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "name": "Irish diacritical marks",
          "parents": [
            "Diacritical marks",
            "Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
            "Symbols",
            "Orthography",
            "Writing",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called ponc séimhithe (“lenition dot”) in Irish, and found on Ḃ/ḃ, Ċ/ċ, Ḋ/ḋ, Ḟ/ḟ, Ġ/ġ, Ṁ/ṁ, Ṗ/ṗ, Ṡ/ṡ and Ṫ/ṫ. Generally used only in Gaelic script; very rare in Latin script."
      ],
      "id": "en-◌̇-ga-character--NhtORf4",
      "links": [
        [
          "diacritical mark",
          "diacritical mark"
        ],
        [
          "ponc séimhithe",
          "ponc séimhithe#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ḃ",
          "Ḃ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ḃ",
          "ḃ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ċ",
          "Ċ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ċ",
          "ċ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ḋ",
          "Ḋ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ḋ",
          "ḋ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ḟ",
          "Ḟ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ḟ",
          "ḟ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ġ",
          "Ġ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ġ",
          "ġ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ṁ",
          "Ṁ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ṁ",
          "ṁ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ṗ",
          "Ṗ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ṗ",
          "ṗ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ṡ",
          "Ṡ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ṡ",
          "ṡ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ṫ",
          "Ṫ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ṫ",
          "ṫ#Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "diacritic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "◌̇"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨f⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨f⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨f⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨s⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨s⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨s⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨c p t⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨c p t⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c p t"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨c p t⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨ch ph th⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨ch ph th⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ch ph th"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨ch ph th⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨b d g m⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨b d g m⟩",
      "name": "nowrap"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "b d g m"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨b d g m⟩",
      "name": "angbr"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally used in Latin-language manuscripts to \"cross out\" a letter written mistakenly, hence the name punctum delens (literally “deleting dot”). In Old Irish and Middle Irish manuscripts, it came to be sometimes used over ⟨f⟩ and ⟨s⟩ to show that these letters had undergone lenition to ∅ and /h/ respectively; the letters were thus effectively \"crossed out\" to show that their sounds had been deleted or debuccalized. In later Middle Irish and early Modern Irish, the dot came to be used to indicate lenition of any consonant. (In older Irish, lenition of ⟨c p t⟩ was indicated by ⟨ch ph th⟩, and lenition of ⟨b d g m⟩ was not shown at all.)",
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Irish diacritical marks",
        "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Irish lemmas",
        "Irish terms in nonstandard scripts",
        "Irish terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called ponc séimhithe (“lenition dot”) in Irish, and found on Ḃ/ḃ, Ċ/ċ, Ḋ/ḋ, Ḟ/ḟ, Ġ/ġ, Ṁ/ṁ, Ṗ/ṗ, Ṡ/ṡ and Ṫ/ṫ. Generally used only in Gaelic script; very rare in Latin script."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "diacritical mark",
          "diacritical mark"
        ],
        [
          "ponc séimhithe",
          "ponc séimhithe#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ḃ",
          "Ḃ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ḃ",
          "ḃ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ċ",
          "Ċ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ċ",
          "ċ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ḋ",
          "Ḋ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ḋ",
          "ḋ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ḟ",
          "Ḟ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ḟ",
          "ḟ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ġ",
          "Ġ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ġ",
          "ġ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ṁ",
          "Ṁ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ṁ",
          "ṁ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ṗ",
          "Ṗ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ṗ",
          "ṗ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ṡ",
          "Ṡ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ṡ",
          "ṡ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "Ṫ",
          "Ṫ#Irish"
        ],
        [
          "ṫ",
          "ṫ#Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "diacritic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "◌̇"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.